WO2023097351A2 - Plateau destiné au transport d'une marchandise dans un système de préparation de commandes, dispositif de déchargement et dispositif de chargement - Google Patents

Plateau destiné au transport d'une marchandise dans un système de préparation de commandes, dispositif de déchargement et dispositif de chargement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023097351A2
WO2023097351A2 PCT/AT2022/060425 AT2022060425W WO2023097351A2 WO 2023097351 A2 WO2023097351 A2 WO 2023097351A2 AT 2022060425 W AT2022060425 W AT 2022060425W WO 2023097351 A2 WO2023097351 A2 WO 2023097351A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tray
loading
load
floor
transport
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2022/060425
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2023097351A3 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Holzner
Matthias Kropf
Original Assignee
Tgw Logistics Group Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tgw Logistics Group Gmbh filed Critical Tgw Logistics Group Gmbh
Publication of WO2023097351A2 publication Critical patent/WO2023097351A2/fr
Publication of WO2023097351A3 publication Critical patent/WO2023097351A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/0005—Containers or packages provided with a piston or with a movable bottom or partition having approximately the same section as the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/02—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets
    • B65D19/06—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/34—Trays or like shallow containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/40—Details of walls
    • B65D1/42—Reinforcing or strengthening parts or members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D11/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D11/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material
    • B65D11/10—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material of polygonal cross-section and all parts being permanently connected to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D11/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material
    • B65D11/20—Details of walls made of plastics material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
    • B65G1/0485—Check-in, check-out devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/30—Details; Auxiliary devices
    • B65G17/32—Individual load-carriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
    • B65G47/53—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices between conveyors which cross one another
    • B65G47/54—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices between conveyors which cross one another at least one of which is a roller-way
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
    • B65G47/82—Rotary or reciprocating members for direct action on articles or materials, e.g. pushers, rakes, shovels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/00805—Means for facilitating the removal of the load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
    • B65G2201/02—Articles
    • B65G2201/0235—Containers
    • B65G2201/0258—Trays, totes or bins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2207/00—Indexing codes relating to constructional details, configuration and additional features of a handling device, e.g. Conveyors
    • B65G2207/46—Tray unloading features

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tray for transporting a load in an order picking system, having four side walls, a lower part, which includes a transport floor, and an upper part, which includes a load floor for receiving a load and is mounted on the lower part so that it can move relative to the transport floor, the transport floor having a comprises an upper side facing the upper part, an underside facing away from the upper part and a transport surface on the lower side, and the loading floor comprises an underside facing the lower part, an upper side facing away from the lower part and a first loading level on the upper side, and wherein the tray has a transport configuration in which the loading floor is arranged in a lower transport position and the load can be positioned between the side walls, and has a delivery configuration in which the loading floor is arranged in an upper delivery position and the load can be pushed off the loading floor.
  • the invention relates to an unloading device for unloading a tray loaded with cargo.
  • the tray comprises four side walls, a lower part, which has a transport floor, and an upper part, which has a loading floor for receiving a load and is mounted on the lower part so that it can move relative to the transport floor, the tray having a transport configuration in which the loading floor is arranged in a lower transport position and the load can be positioned between the side walls, and has a delivery configuration in which the loading floor is arranged in an upper delivery position and the load can be pushed off the loading floor.
  • the unloading device comprises a delivery area for providing the tray, a takeover area for taking over the load from the tray, which adjoins the delivery area, a tray conveyor system comprising an automated tray conveyor device for transporting the tray to the service area and for transporting the tray away from the service area, which defines a tray conveyor level, a load conveyor system comprising an automated load conveyor device for transporting the load from the transfer area, which defines a load conveyor level, a positioning system for positioning the tray in a Delivery position on the delivery area, an actuating device for performing a relative movement between the upper part and the lower part of the tray in order to bring the tray from the transport configuration into the delivery configuration, with the actuating device being arranged in the area of the delivery area, a transfer device for pushing the load off the Loading floor of the tray on the transfer area when the tray is at the service area (in the service position) and is provided in the delivery configuration, with the transfer device being arranged in the area of the service area.
  • the invention also relates to a method for unloading a tray loaded with goods, which comprises four side walls, a lower part with a transport floor and an upper part with a loading floor for receiving the load, the upper part being mounted on the lower part so that it can move relative to the transport floor and the tray a transport configuration in which the loading floor is arranged in a lower transport position and the load can be positioned between the side walls, and a delivery configuration in which the loading floor is arranged in an upper delivery position and the load can be pushed off the loading floor, comprising the steps :
  • Adjusting the tray from the transport configuration to the delivery configuration by an actuating device by a relative movement between the upper part and the lower part of the tray is performed;
  • the invention relates to a computer-implemented method for controlling a position changing device for changing a pose of a load and for positioning the load by a control device.
  • the invention also relates to a loading device for loading a tray with a load, the tray comprising a first receiving compartment which forms a first loading level at a first height level and is designed with a (first) loading width, the loading device having a transfer system for delivering the load onto the tray, a load conveyor system for transporting the load to the transfer system, a tray conveyor system for transporting and preparing the tray on the transfer system, a position changing device for changing a pose of the load and for positioning the load, which is arranged along the load conveyor system , and a control device, which controls the position changing device for changing a pose of the load and position positioning of the load, and wherein the transfer system is designed to pick up the load from the load conveyor system and transfer the load onto the tray provided by the tray conveyor system.
  • the invention relates to an order-picking system for storing and order-picking cargo, comprising a large number of trays for transporting cargo in the order-picking system, a loading device for (automatically) loading a tray with one or more cargo, an automated tray warehouse for storing the cargo on the trays, a first conveyor device between the loading device and the tray store, in order to (automatically) transport the trays after loading from the loading device to the tray store, an unloading device for (automatically) unloading a tray that is loaded with one or more loads, a second Conveyor device between the tray storage and the unloading device to (automatically) transport the trays from the tray storage to the unloading device, and a picking device for (automatic or manual) loading of an order load carrier with load goods, which were unloaded from the trays at the unloading device,
  • Order-picking systems with one-piece or multi-piece trays are known from the prior art.
  • a one-piece tray which has a base and four side walls projecting from the base.
  • an underside of the floor provides a transport surface.
  • An upper side of the floor provides a first and, if necessary, a second loading level, which is used to hold cargo.
  • this tray also has a push-off ramp, which bridges or reduces a height difference between the loading level and an upper edge of a side wall.
  • an unloading device is known from WO 2019/140473 A1, which has a pusher for pushing the load over the push-off ramp.
  • a one-piece shelf is also known from EP 1 462 393 A1, which has a base and four side walls projecting from the base.
  • the floor provides a transport surface on the underside and a loading level on the top for receiving a load.
  • the base has a multiplicity of reach-through openings, which allow lifting pins of an unloading device to reach through. As a result, the load can be lifted off the ground by means of the lifting pins and then pushed off the lifting pins by a slide.
  • the disadvantage here, however, is that the lifting pins define an essentially “interrupted” surface on which a packaging unit (load) or its packaging can get caught during unloading.
  • a multi-part shelf is known from WO 2010/060745 A1, which comprises a lower part and an upper part.
  • the lower part has a transport floor and four side walls that protrude from the transport floor.
  • the upper part is designed as a shelf, which is slidably mounted within the lower part and provides a loading level for receiving the load.
  • the shelf can be moved from a lower transport position, in which the loading floor rests on the transport floor, into an upper delivery position, in which the load can be pushed off the loading floor.
  • the base In order to move the cargo floor from the transport position to the delivery position, the base can be lowered while the cargo floor is supported from below.
  • the transport base has a large reach-through opening through which one or more support means can reach.
  • One object of the invention is to specify an improved tray, an improved unloading device and a method for unloading of the type mentioned at the outset.
  • an automatic unloading of the tray should be made possible.
  • Another object of the invention is to specify an improved method for controlling a position change s device of a loading device and an improved loading device for loading a tray of the type mentioned.
  • automatic loading of a tray with cargo should be able to be carried out reliably.
  • the object of the invention is achieved with a shelf of the type mentioned at the beginning in that the lower part comprises two of the four side walls, which form first side walls and protrude from the transport floor, and the upper part comprises two of the four side walls, which form second side walls and protrude from the loading floor .
  • the side walls or the loading floor form the possibility of automatically carrying out a relative movement between the upper part and the lower part, as a result of which automatic unloading can be implemented.
  • the second side walls can be gripped from above by support elements, for example gripping means, or supported from below by support elements and the upper part can be lifted by moving the support elements.
  • the second side walls give the loading floor increased stability and rigidity.
  • the loading floor can thus be designed to be particularly thin and material-saving.
  • the tray comprises two opposite end faces that run parallel to one another and two longitudinal sides that run opposite one another and run parallel to one another.
  • the longitudinal sides each extend between the end faces and are aligned orthogonally to them.
  • the tray can preferably be handled individually.
  • the shelf in particular the lower part and/or the upper part, is advantageously made of a plastic, preferably by injection molding.
  • a preferred temperature range for using the tray can be between -30 °C and +40 °C.
  • the tray in particular a transport surface of the tray, is suitable for being transported on an automated conveyor device and for being placed on storage locations in storage racks of an automated tray warehouse (automated storage and retrieval system).
  • the conveyor device can comprise a floor-based conveyor device, for example a roller conveyor or belt conveyor. This is in each case a stationary conveyor device.
  • the conveyor device can have a mobile conveyor device which, in particular, comprises conveyor vehicles that can be moved autonomously. Such conveyor vehicles can be controlled by a higher-level master computer.
  • Such conveyor vehicles are known to those skilled in the art under the terms “Automated Guided Vehicle” (abbreviated: AGV) or “Autonomous Mobile Robots” (abbreviated: AMR).
  • the transport configuration is that configuration in which the tray is set for transport on the conveyor device and/or for storage in the automated tray warehouse.
  • the delivery configuration is that configuration in which the tray is temporarily set for unloading of the tray, for example by an unloading device.
  • the loading floor is advantageously positioned at a first distance from the transport floor in the lower transport position and at a second distance from the transport floor in the upper delivery position, the second distance being greater than the first distance.
  • the loading floor particularly preferably rests on the transport floor, in particular at least in certain areas.
  • the first distance can thus also be zero millimeters, at least in certain areas.
  • the loading floor rests on the transport floor in mutually spaced (small-area) support areas, with a gap between the transport floor and the loading floor being present in particular outside the support areas.
  • several support knobs or the like can be arranged, for example, on the underside of the loading floor and/or on the top side of the transport floor.
  • the tray has an interior space which is delimited at the bottom by the loading floor and, in the transport configuration, at the sides by the four side walls.
  • the interior space is preferably delimited laterally by the second side walls and is open along at least one side, in particular along an end face and/or along a longitudinal side.
  • the first loading level is designed to accommodate a (single) load and/or to accommodate a plurality of loads.
  • the cargo can be parked in a row one behind the other on the loading platform.
  • the transport floor In order to center the upper part on the lower part, provision can additionally be made for the transport floor to have first centering means on the upper side and the loading floor to have second centering means on the underside, which engage in a complementary manner in the transport position.
  • the load that is transported or stored on the tray can be, for example, a container or a packaging unit, in particular an individual item or a group of individual items, or the like. If several loads are loaded onto a common tray and/or transported or stored on it, these loads form a load group.
  • first side walls are opposite one another and are arranged parallel to one another at a mutual distance and/or the second side walls are arranged opposite one another and are arranged parallel to one another at a mutual distance.
  • the transport floor and/or the loading floor are stabilized along one side by the respective side walls.
  • the loading plane is delimited laterally, in particular along the longitudinal sides, by the second side walls and is open between the second side walls, in particular along the end faces.
  • the second side walls are aligned orthogonally to the first side walls.
  • the first side walls extend along the end faces and the second side walls along the longitudinal sides of the tray, or vice versa.
  • the lower part is designed in a U-shape in a side view of the longitudinal side of the shelf and the upper part is designed in a U-shape in a side view of the end face of the shelf, or vice versa.
  • first side walls cut a front section which extends along the end face of the tray, a first longitudinal section which orthogonally adjoins a first end of the front section and along a first long side of the tray extends, comprise a second longitudinal section which orthogonally adjoins a second end of the end section opposite the first end and extends along a second longitudinal side of the tray opposite the first longitudinal side, the second side walls each extending between two longitudinal sections, in particular when the tray is in the transport configuration.
  • the first side walls thus each form two corners of the tray. This achieves increased stability of the corners of the tray and increased stability and flexural rigidity of the transport floor in its corner areas.
  • the end section has one or more gripping openings and the longitudinal sections each have one or more gripping openings for gripping means of a stacking machine. This ensures that the tray can be reliably handled by the stacking machine both by engaging the gripping means on the end faces and by engaging the gripping means on the longitudinal sides.
  • first longitudinal section and the second longitudinal section each have a first inclined surface at their respective ends, which encloses an angle ⁇ with a plane parallel to the transport base.
  • the angle a is preferably at least 90°, in particular between 90° and 180°, preferably between 120° and 135°, particularly preferably about 130°.
  • the second side walls each have second inclined surfaces at their front ends, which enclose an angle ⁇ with a plane parallel to the loading floor, for example the loading plane.
  • the angle ⁇ is preferably at most 90°, in particular between 0° and 90°, preferably between 45° and 60°, particularly preferably about 50°.
  • angles ⁇ and ⁇ are selected in such a way that they add up to 180°. It can thus be achieved that the second inclined surfaces in the transport configuration each rest, in particular at least in regions, on a first end face.
  • first sloping surfaces and the second sloping surfaces are each formed with an undercut that engages in one another in a complementary manner, in order to provide a guide for the upper part, if necessary. It is also advantageous if the first side walls adjoin one another and enclose a right angle and the second side walls adjoin one another and enclose a right angle. The first side walls thus form a corner of the lower part, as a result of which the transport floor is stabilized in the corresponding corner area. Similarly, the second side walls form a corner of the upper part, which stabilizes the loading floor in the corresponding corner area.
  • a first side wall of the first side walls is preferably arranged along a first end face of the tray and a second side wall of the first side walls is arranged along a first longitudinal side adjoining it.
  • a first side wall of the second side walls is preferably arranged along a second end face of the tray and a second side wall of the second side walls is arranged along a second longitudinal side adjoining this.
  • the loading floor in the delivery position is aligned, in particular at least in regions, flush with an upper edge of the first side walls, in particular with upper edges of the first two side walls, and/or, in particular at least in some areas, on an upper edge of the first side walls, in particular on upper edges of the first two side walls, protrudes.
  • the loading floor can have a first loading edge which, in the delivery position, is aligned essentially flush with one of the second side walls.
  • the loading floor has a second loading edge, which in the delivery position is aligned essentially flush with the other of the second side walls.
  • the first loading edge and the second loading edge are preferably arranged on opposite ends of the loading floor and running parallel to one another, in particular on the end faces of the shelf.
  • the first side walls each have a sloping surface on the upper edge, which extends from a lower end of the sloping surface on an inside of the lower part to an upper end of the sloping surface on an outside of the lower part. partly ascending, which provides a deportation ramp.
  • the loading floor in the delivery position, can be arranged essentially in an extension of the inclined surface, flush with the upper edge.
  • the first and second loading edge can enclose an angle of 90°, with the first loading edge being arranged along a front side and the second loading edge being arranged along a longitudinal side of the tray. This is particularly useful in an embodiment of the tray in which the first side walls enclose an angle of 90° and/or the second side walls enclose an angle of 90°.
  • the loading floor has a sliding ramp at the top that rises from the first loading level. This can also make it easier to push off cargo. It is favorable here if the slide ramp runs from the first loading level to the first loading sill. In addition, a further push-off ramp rising from the first loading level can be provided, which runs from the first loading level to the second loading sill.
  • the transport floor has a first transport floor edge aligned orthogonally to the first side walls and a second transport floor edge aligned orthogonally to the first side walls, with the upper part having a first contact surface over the first transport floor edge and a second contact surface over the second edge of the transport floor protrudes.
  • support elements of an unloading device can be placed against the respective contact surfaces from below in order to lift the upper part from the transport position into the delivery position or to fix the upper part while the lower part is lowered in order to adjust the tray from the transport configuration to the delivery configuration.
  • the advantage here is that no gripping or reach-through openings are required, which allow the upper part to be lifted.
  • the first contact surface and the second contact surface are preferably provided by the underside of the loading floor.
  • the transport floor edges are arranged opposite one another and running parallel to one another, in particular along a longitudinal side of the tray.
  • a first transport floor edge of the transport floor edges is arranged along a front side and a second transport floor edge of the transport floor edge is arranged along a longitudinal side of the tray.
  • the first edge of the transport floor and the second edge of the transport floor enclose an angle of about 90°.
  • the lower part has first guide elements and the upper part has second guide elements, in particular interacting with the first guide elements, the first and second guide elements engaging in one another in a complementary manner in order to guide the upper part during a movement relative to the lower part.
  • the first guide elements are arranged on or in the second side walls and the second guide elements are arranged on or in the loading floor.
  • the first guide elements are each designed as a guide groove and the second guide elements are designed as a guide projection engaging in the respective guide groove, or vice versa.
  • the first guide elements provide a corresponding stop for the second guide elements.
  • the upper part is (additionally) guided by the securing elements analogous to the guide elements.
  • the lower part and/or the upper part have a plurality of first stacking elements and a plurality of second stacking elements corresponding to the first stacking elements.
  • the plurality of first stacking elements and the plurality of second stacking elements corresponding to the first stacking elements can be arranged in the region of the first side walls and/or second side walls.
  • the first and second stack elements are in this case designed such that the first stack elements of a first tray with the second stacking elements of a second tray cooperate when the second tray is stacked on top of the first tray.
  • the first stacking elements of the first tray and the second stacking elements of the second tray can engage in one another in a complementary manner.
  • the first stacking elements are preferably designed as stacking recesses on an upper edge of the first side walls and/or the second side walls, or vice versa.
  • the second stacking elements can be designed as stacking lugs complementary to the stacking recesses on the underside of the tray, in particular on the underside of the transport floor, on the underside of the loading floor, on an underside of the first side walls and/or on an underside of the second side walls, or vice versa .
  • the transport floor has a third transport floor edge aligned parallel to the first side walls and a fourth transport floor edge aligned parallel to the first side walls, with the lower part forming a third contact surface protruding beyond the third transport floor edge and a fourth contact surface protruding beyond the fourth transport floor edge .
  • the second tray can rest with the first and second positioning surface on the second side walls of the first tray and with the third and fourth positioning surface on the first side walls of the first tray. It is favorable if a distance between the first and second transport floor edge essentially corresponds to an inner distance between the second side walls and a distance between the third and fourth transport floor edge essentially corresponds to an inner distance between the first side walls.
  • a width of the depression at its widest point corresponds to at least half the width of the tray, preferably approximately two thirds of the width of the tray, and/or a length of the depression at the longest point at least half the length of the tray, preferably about two thirds of the length of the tray.
  • the indentation is formed in particular by a central surface that is set back from the transport surface in the direction of the upper side.
  • the loading floor to have a depression on the underside which is set back in the direction of the upper side of the loading floor.
  • the width of the depression at its widest point corresponds to at least half the width of the tray, preferably around two thirds of the width of the tray, and/or the length of the depression at its longest point corresponds to at least half the length of the tray, preferably about two thirds of the length of the tray.
  • the lower part has an inner surface on the upper side of the (first) transport floor and an outer surface on the underside, upper stiffening ribs and /or has lower stiffening ribs distributed over the outer surface and projecting (downwards) from the outer surface.
  • the transport floor comprises a bottom floor and a top floor arranged parallel and preferably congruently to this, the bottom part having a plurality of upper stiffening ribs which are accommodated between the bottom floor and the top floor.
  • the transport floor has a cover which is attached to the underside, so that the lower stiffening ribs are arranged between the underfloor and the cover.
  • the upper part has an outer surface on the underside of the loading floor and lower stiffening ribs which are arranged distributed over the outer surface and protrude (downwards) from the outer surface. It can be favorable if the lower stiffening ribs of the upper part and the upper stiffening ribs of the lower part are arranged in such a way that, in particular in the transport configuration and/or in the delivery position, are aimed at each other.
  • the lower stiffening ribs of the upper part and the upper stiffening ribs of the lower part are particularly preferably arranged in alignment with one another.
  • the lower stiffening ribs of the upper part rest on the upper stiffening ribs of the lower part when the loading floor is in the transport position.
  • the support areas described above are thus formed by the lower stiffening ribs of the upper part and the upper stiffening ribs of the lower part.
  • the loading floor has an underbody and an upper floor which is arranged parallel and preferably congruently to this, with the upper part having a plurality of lower stiffening ribs which are accommodated between the underbody and the upper floor.
  • the transport base has a circumferential transport incline on the underside.
  • the transport incline preferably runs along a peripheral edge of the transport floor and is inclined from the transport surface to the peripheral edge in the direction of the upper side of the transport floor.
  • the loading floor forms the first loading level at a first level and a second loading level at a second level, the first loading level being delimited in a first loading width by first stop edges aligned parallel to one another and vertical to the first loading level and wherein the second loading level is delimited in a second loading width by second stop edges which run parallel to one another and are aligned vertically to the second loading level, and wherein the second loading width is designed to be larger than the first loading width.
  • a twisting movement of a load positioned on the first loading level can be limited by the first stop edges, in particular when a surface diagonal of a bearing surface of the load is greater than a distance between the stop edges.
  • the second loading level is provided to accommodate larger loads that, for example, do not fit between the first stop edges.
  • a twisting movement of a load can also be limited in the second loading level by the second stop edges.
  • the second stop edges are preferably provided by the second side walls.
  • the first loading level and/or the second loading level can be designed with a slip-reducing surface.
  • the surface can have a slip-reducing structure or coating, for example a rubber coating.
  • a further loading level which is limited in the same way by further stop edges, can be provided at a further height level.
  • the further height level is arranged between the first height level and the second height level.
  • any number of additional loading levels can be provided. With increasing height level, it is provided that the respective loading levels are designed with a larger loading width, the first or bottom loading level being designed with the smallest loading width and the second or top loading level with the largest loading width.
  • lower drainage openings are arranged in the transport floor, upper drainage openings in the loading floor and/or lateral drainage openings in the first side walls and/or in the second side walls. This allows liquids to drain off the tray. This can be beneficial, for example, for extinguishing liquid to drain off in the event of a fire, in order not to overload the maximum load capacity of the tray or to protect the load from prolonged exposure to liquid.
  • the lower drainage openings and the upper drainage openings are particularly preferably aligned with one another, in particular in the transport configuration and/or in the delivery configuration. It is favorable if the loading floor has a multiplicity of openings reaching through the loading floor and the transport floor has a multiplicity of projections engaging in the openings.
  • the projections protrude over the first loading level in the transport configuration of the tray. So that the load can be pushed off the tray during unloading, it is also provided that the projections in the delivery configuration do not protrude beyond the first loading level, i.e. are flush with the first loading level or are arranged set back in the direction of the transport floor.
  • the projections can be provided with a friction-increasing coating at an upper end and be dimensioned in such a way that the projections in the transport configuration of the tray protrude over the first loading level or are flush with it. It is expedient here if the projections in the delivery configuration are arranged set back in the direction of the transport floor.
  • the further object is achieved with an unloading device of the type mentioned at the outset, the actuating device having a first support element for receiving the upper part in a first edge area of the upper part, a second support element for receiving the upper part in a second edge area of the upper part, and a third support element for comprising receiving the base, wherein the first and second support element for receiving the upper part and the support element for receiving the base are movable relative to one another to provide the tray in the dispensing configuration.
  • the unloading device preferably comprises a tray.
  • the tray conveyor device is preferably designed for transporting the tray in a tray conveyor direction and comprises a first tray conveyor section leading to the service area, a second tray conveyor section for providing the tray at the service area and a third tray conveyor section leading away from the service area.
  • the first tray conveyor section and the second tray conveyor section as well as the second tray conveyor section and the third tray conveyor section each enclose an angle of 90°, so that the tray essentially follows a U-shaped path through the unloading device is transported.
  • the second tray conveyor section can be connected to the first tray conveyor section and the third tray conveyor section can be connected to the second tray conveyor section essentially by a corner converter or by a curved conveyor.
  • the first tray conveyor section and the second tray conveyor section as well as the second tray conveyor section and the third tray conveyor section each enclose an angle of 180°, so that a substantially straight tray transport is realized.
  • the tray conveyor sections can connect directly to each other.
  • the tray conveyor device can be designed as a stationary conveyor device or as a mobile conveyor device.
  • the tray conveyor system particularly preferably includes the service area, which is preferably formed by a storage area on the tray conveyor device, in particular in the second tray conveyor section.
  • the acceptance area is located next to the delivery area.
  • the load conveyor system preferably includes the takeover location, this being formed in particular by a stowage space of the load conveyor device.
  • the load can be transported away from the pick-up area by means of the load conveyor device.
  • the load conveyor is preferably for transporting Load formed in a load-conveying direction.
  • the load conveying direction is preferably aligned orthogonally to the tray conveying direction and leads away from the transfer area.
  • the load conveying device can be designed as a stationary conveying device or as a mobile conveying device.
  • the tray can be made available by the positioning system in front of the takeover place on the delivery place in the delivery position.
  • the tray In the serving position, the tray can be aligned with the longitudinal axis orthogonal to the tray conveying direction and/or orthogonal to a sliding surface of the transfer device and the longitudinal axis can be centered in the middle of the serving area. It can thus be ensured that the load or several loads that form a load group are pushed off the tray without twisting in a push-off direction. If (optionally) different loading levels are provided, a lateral guidance of an individual load or loads is also achieved during the push-off movement.
  • the positioning system can have a stop element which can be moved via a drive device between an initial position, in particular lying below the tray conveying plane, and a positioning position, in particular lying above the tray conveying plane.
  • the stop element is a stop plate, for example.
  • the stop element preferably comprises a first stop surface and a second stop surface, it being possible for the tray to be positioned in particular with the first longitudinal section of one side wall of the first side walls against the first stop surface and with the first longitudinal section of the other side wall of the first side walls against the second stop surface when the stop element is in the positioning position.
  • the positioning system can be provided by the tray conveyor device if the conveyor element or the conveyor elements of the tray conveyor device are controlled in such a way that the tray is provided in the service position. It can prove advantageous if the conveying element or the conveying elements are blocked by a brake when the tray is made available in the service position.
  • the positioning system can be provided by the actuating device, as will be described below.
  • the actuating device is designed to carry out the relative movement between the lower part and the upper part of the tray in order to adjust the tray from the transport configuration into the delivery configuration and vice versa.
  • the first support element and the second support element are arranged such that the upper part can be accommodated in an edge region, in particular on the second side walls or along a longitudinal edge of the loading floor, in particular below the second side walls.
  • the actuating device is set up to lift the upper part of the tray while at the same time supporting the lower part.
  • the support elements can be designed to support the upper part from below and to lift it by a vertical movement relative to the tray conveying plane.
  • the first and second support elements can comprise, for example, movable gripping elements which can grip and lift the second side walls of the upper part.
  • the gripping elements can be designed as clamping gripping elements which clamp the second side walls, or for example as form-fitting gripping elements which engage in depressions in the second side walls.
  • the actuating device is designed to lower the lower part of the shelf while at the same time supporting the upper part.
  • the third support element or the tray conveyor device can be lowered below the tray conveyor plane.
  • the upper part can be held or fixed by the first supporting element and the second supporting element while the lower part is being lowered.
  • the operating principles of the first and second embodiment are combined, with the actuating device being set up to lower the lower part of the shelf and at the same time to raise the upper part of the shelf.
  • the third support element is provided in particular by the tray conveyor device.
  • the actuating device can (additionally) have means for fixing the lower part in the serving position.
  • the means for fixing can, for example, comprise clamping means that can be placed on the lower part of the tray, in particular on the first side walls.
  • the means for fixing can engage in depressions on the lower part, for example in the first side walls, in order to fix the lower part in a form-fitting manner.
  • the second supporting element is located downstream of the first supporting element in the tray conveying direction and has a front surface facing the first supporting element and a rear surface facing away from the first supporting element, with the stop surfaces of the positioning system being arranged flush with the rear surface of the second supporting element and parallel to it are.
  • the tray conveying level is arranged at a first level and the load conveying level is arranged at a second level, with the second level preferably being located above the first level. This is particularly advantageous when the actuating device is designed according to the first or third embodiment described above.
  • first support element and the second support element are arranged at a first distance from one another and are preferably aligned parallel to one another.
  • the first distance between the support elements preferably corresponds to a distance between the first transport floor edge and the second transport floor edge.
  • the distance between the edges of the transport floor corresponds to a transport floor width.
  • first support element and the second support element are arranged on both sides of the tray, in particular on both longitudinal sides of the tray.
  • the support elements can be designed to accommodate a region of the upper part that protrudes beyond the transport floor.
  • first support element and the second support element are each designed as a lifting element that can be moved orthogonally to the tray conveying plane. It is favorable here if the first support element and the second support element are each driven by a drive device in order to achieve independent mobility of the support elements. In order to synchronously adjust the first and second support element, the respective drive devices can be controlled accordingly.
  • the first carrying element and the second carrying element can preferably be moved between an initial position, in particular lying below the tray conveying plane, into a lifting position, in particular lying above the tray conveying plane.
  • a lifting position in particular lying above the tray conveying plane.
  • the upper part can be lifted off the lower part and the loading floor can be moved into the delivery position.
  • first support element and the second support element are driven by a common drive device, whereby a synchronous movement is achieved.
  • the first and second support elements are preferably designed in such a way that they can be moved upwards relative to the tray conveying plane.
  • the lifting elements are plate-shaped.
  • the lifting elements can be designed as gripping elements, as previously described.
  • first support element and the second support element are mounted on a (common) lifting frame.
  • the first support element and the second support element can be moved independently of one another.
  • the second support element downstream of the first support element in the tray conveying direction can be moved from the initial position into a positioning position in which the second support element can serve as a stop element for positioning the tray in the service position.
  • the first support element can first be moved from the initial position into the positioning position and then the first support element and the second support element can be moved synchronously from the positioning position into the lifting position.
  • the positioning system can be provided by the actuating device.
  • the third support element is designed as a lifting element that can be moved orthogonally to the tray conveying plane. This allows in particular the previously described second and third embodiment of the provision device can be realized.
  • the transfer device comprises a slide mounted on a base frame so that it can move relative to the tray conveyor device.
  • the slide can be moved in a down sliding direction, which is preferably aligned orthogonally to the tray conveying direction.
  • the slide can perform a translational sliding movement and thereby push the load off the tray, with the push-off direction running parallel to the longitudinal axis or to the second side walls of the tray.
  • the pusher is coupled to a drive device and can be moved from a rest position into an unloading position in order to push a load or (simultaneously) several loads from the tray to the takeover location.
  • the drive device has an electronically regulated servomotor and is connected to a control device which controls the drive device in such a way that the pusher pushes a predetermined number of load items from the tray onto the transfer station.
  • the unloading device prefferably has a monitoring device, in particular a sensor system, for detecting the transfer of a load from the tray to the transfer station, with a control device being connected to the monitoring device and controlling the transfer device in order to transfer a load to be pushed off the tray onto the transfer area.
  • a monitoring device in particular a sensor system
  • the transfer of a load from the tray to the transfer station can be monitored and evaluated.
  • the further object is also achieved with a method for unloading of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the upper part of the tray is received during the relative movement by a first carrying element and a second carrying element of the actuating device spaced apart from it in opposite edge regions, and the lower part of the tray during the relative movement is received by a third support element of the actuating device, and the relative movement is carried out by the first and second support element and the third support element being moved relative to one another.
  • the tray is transported by means of the tray conveyor system in the tray conveyor level to the service point of the unloading device and made available there.
  • the tray is positioned at the delivery point by means of the positioning system in the delivery position.
  • the tray is then moved from the transport configuration into the delivery configuration by the actuating device, as was previously described in connection with the actuating device.
  • the load is pushed off the tray onto the transfer area by the transfer device when the tray is ready in the delivery configuration. This can be done in particular by means of the slide, as described above.
  • the load is also transported away from the takeover station by the load conveyor system and, for example, transported to a picking device or picking station, where the load is placed on an order load carrier.
  • the tray is again adjusted by the actuating device from the delivery configuration to the transport configuration and then transported away by the tray conveyor system.
  • the load conveyor level is arranged at a height level that is spaced apart from the tray conveyor level, with a difference in height between the load conveyor level and the tray conveyor level being bridged by the relative movement, in that the upper part protrudes when the tray is adjusted the transport configuration is raised into the delivery configuration by the actuating device.
  • a loading edge of the loading floor is brought to a height level of the load conveyor level when the tray is adjusted.
  • the transport floor has a first transport floor edge and a second transport floor edge, with the upper part protruding with a first contact surface over the first transport floor edge and with a second contact surface over the second transport floor edge and for passage of the relative movement between the upper part and the lower part, the first support element can be placed against the first contact surface from below and the second support element can be placed against the second contact surface from below.
  • the loading pose Determination of a loading pose for the load, which is to be placed on the tray, by the computing system, the loading pose being determined on the basis of the load dimensions in such a way that twisting of the load on the tray is limited by the loading width;
  • the advantageous loading pose secures the load on the tray for transport, so that it cannot twist. This ensures that the load goes through an automated unloading device can be pushed off the tray in a push-off direction.
  • limiting the twisting of the loads on the tray prevents the loads from moving on a conveyor device during transport of the tray in such a way that they are no longer in one row, but are positioned next to each other. This ensures that the goods can be pushed off individually or as a group of goods by the automated unloading device.
  • the shelf can be designed as a one-piece shelf which, for example, has a floor with a transport and storage surface on the underside of the floor, first front side, second front side, first long side, second long side and loading level on the top side of the floor, which runs between the first front side and the second front side and is designed to receive the cargo, and has a first side wall protruding relative to the first loading level in the area of the first end face, and a second side wall protruding relative to the loading level in the area of the second end face.
  • This tray or this load carrier can, in particular, have a number of loading levels, each of which is limited in terms of a loading width or receiving width by stop edges.
  • Such a one-piece tray or such a charge carrier is in the
  • the tray can be designed as a multi-part tray with a lower part and an upper part that can be moved relative to the lower part.
  • a tray preferably comprises four side walls and a loading level.
  • the tray comprises a first end face and a second end face, on which the tray is delimited by first side walls, and a first long side and a second long side, on which the tray is delimited by second side walls.
  • the loading width indicates a width of a storage compartment of the tray, for example a distance between the second side walls of the tray or a distance between stop edges delimiting the storage compartment.
  • the detected loading width can include a first loading width and a second loading width and possibly other loading widths.
  • the cargo is designed with a plurality of side surfaces, in particular each with a surface diagonal, and a plurality of edges, each with an edge length.
  • each of the side surfaces is delimited by several of the edges.
  • the load is designed with six side surfaces and twelve edges, with the side surfaces each being delimited by four of the twelve edges, so that the load is cuboid or cubic.
  • the computer-implemented method is preferably carried out using a computer system which includes the computing system, the load detection system and the tray detection system.
  • an (electronically recorded) loading order is recorded by the computing system.
  • the loading order specifies in particular which cargo is to be loaded onto the tray, how many cargo is to be loaded onto the tray and/or which tray is to be loaded.
  • the computing system can be, for example, a program running on the computer system or a program instance. Alternatively, the computing system itself may be provided by a computer.
  • the load detection system is set up to detect load dimensions and to transmit load data, which contain the load dimensions, to the computing system and can preferably include a program running on the computer system or a program instance of the computing system. Furthermore, the load detection system preferably includes a measuring device for detecting and/or identifying the load. According to one embodiment, the cargo data or cargo dimensions stored in an electronic memory for the cargo can be read out or called up from the electronic memory. For this purpose, the load can be identified, for example, from a load sequence specified by a material flow computer.
  • the measuring device can be set up, as described below, to record the load dimensions.
  • the load data which contain the load dimensions, can be determined by the load detection system by measuring and actual values of the dimensions can be transmitted to the computing system.
  • the cargo dimensions include the edge lengths, the surface diagonals and/or an alignment of the side surfaces to one another.
  • the cargo dimensions preferably include a length, width, height and/or the surface diagonal of the side surfaces.
  • the tray detection system is set up to detect the loading width of the tray and to transmit tray data, which include the loading width, to the computing system.
  • the tray detection system preferably includes a program running on the computer system or a program instance of the computing system. It is favorable here if the tray data or the loading width is read out or called up from the electronic memory by the tray detection system. To do this, it is sufficient to identify the tray using an identification mark, in particular a machine-readable code, as described below, which is arranged on the tray. Based on the identification, the tray data or the loading width(s) can be read out or called up from the memory.
  • the tray detection system can include a measuring device with which the loading width of the tray can be determined and transmitted to the computing system.
  • the load dimensions are compared with the loading width by the computing system.
  • a surface diagonal of the side surfaces of the tray is preferably compared with the loading width.
  • the length, width and/or height of the cargo can also be compared with the cargo width.
  • the loading pose for the load is determined.
  • the loading pose indicates the orientation in which the load is to be placed on the tray and the side surface with which the load is to rest on the tray.
  • that side surface is preferably selected whose surface diagonal is larger than the loading width and whose width and/or length is smaller than the loading width. If this applies to several side faces, one of these side faces can be selected.
  • the orientation of the load is preferably selected such that the load is aligned with that edge orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the tray at which the amount of a difference between an edge length and the load width is minimized.
  • the computer system determines a control specification which specifies how the change in position of the device is to be controlled by the control device in order to bring the load into the loading pose.
  • the control specification can indicate whether the load must be tilted and/or rotated by the position change device, the angle through which the load must be tilted and/or rotated by the position change device and/or how many times the load must be tilted by the position change device and/or or has to be rotated in order to provide the load in the loading pose.
  • the position changing device is then controlled by the control device according to the control specification, so that the load is brought into the loading pose by the position changing device.
  • the load or the load group is aligned relative to the tray by an alignment device and/or is transferred to the tray by a transfer device.
  • the detection of load dimensions involves identifying the load and calling up the load dimensions from an electronic memory, in particular from a database.
  • the load dimensions stored for the identified load can be read from the electronic memory, which is why no complex measuring device is required to determine the edge lengths of the load.
  • the load can be identified from a load sequence specified by a material flow computer.
  • a measuring device for detecting a machine-readable code such as a bar code, a QR code or an RFID tag
  • the machine-readable code can be arranged on the load.
  • the load detection system can be connected to the measuring device (in terms of data technology) or can include the measuring device. Based on the machine-readable code, the load registration system can identify the load and call up the load dimensions stored for the load from the electronic memory.
  • the load detection system comprises a measuring device which is designed to determine the dimensions of the load or is connected (data-wise) to such a measuring device.
  • the measuring device can comprise, for example, a light curtain, one or more light barriers, and/or an image acquisition system and an algorithm for image recognition, as described in detail below with reference to the loading device.
  • a loading width stored for the tray can be read from the electronic memory, which is why no complex measuring device is required to determine the loading width of the tray.
  • the tray can be identified from a known and previously prepared tray sequence.
  • a measuring device for detecting a machine-readable code such as a bar code, a QR code or an RFID tag, can be provided.
  • the machine-readable code can be arranged on the tray.
  • the load detection system can be connected to the measuring device (in terms of data). or comprise the measuring device. Based on the machine-readable code, the tray detection system can identify the tray and call up the loading width stored for the tray from the electronic memory.
  • a packing density in a tray warehouse can be increased and space utilization can thereby be improved.
  • a number of trays required is reduced. If the number of loads is greater than one, the number of transports to be carried out can be reduced because, for example, only a single tray has to be transported if two identical loads are required that are stored on a common tray. The energy requirement of an order-picking system is thus also reduced.
  • the loading pose is determined for all loads that are to be loaded onto the tray. In this way, the goods to be loaded can first be brought individually into the loading pose and then already grouped in the loading pose by a grouping device in order to form the loading group.
  • a loading pose can be selected which would not be permissible for a single load, as it could twist and/or tip over, but which is permissible for the loading group, since the loads in the loading group support or stabilize each other and thus prevent twisting hinder.
  • the loads to be loaded onto the tray are combined into a loading group and dimensions of the loading group are calculated, after which the loading pose is determined for each load in the loading group based on the dimensions of the loading group. It is particularly advantageous here if the number of cargo items is taken into account in connection with the edge lengths of the cargo items in order to ensure that the total length of the cargo group does not exceed the length of the cargo level.
  • the tray can have a first storage compartment with the first loading width and a second storage compartment with the second loading width. It can be provided that cargo with a small edge length is placed in the receiving compartment with the first loading width and cargo with a larger edge length is placed in the receiving compartment with the additional (larger) loading width and the loading pose is determined accordingly. Of course, this can also be done for other storage compartments with other loading widths.
  • At least one further loading pose is determined and that loading pose is selected with which the greatest packing density on the tray is achieved. This can be the case, for example, when a first loading pose for the first loading width and a second loading pose for the second loading width can be determined.
  • the further object is also achieved with an (automated) loading device of the type mentioned at the outset, the loading device having a load detection system for detecting load dimensions, a tray detection system for detecting the loading width of the tray and a computing system and wherein the load detection system, the tray detection system, the computing system, the control device and the position change device are designed to carry out the steps of the computer-implemented method described above.
  • the loading device can be seen in particular in the fact that the trays can be loaded with cargo automatically and reliably, so that the cargo is (rotationally) secured on the tray during transport. It is favorable if the loading device includes a tray. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the shelf is designed according to one of the aspects described above.
  • the load and the tray can be transported to the transfer system and made available there.
  • the transfer system is preferably downstream of the load conveyor system in the conveying direction.
  • the load conveyor system comprises a load conveyor device for transporting the load to the transfer system in a conveying direction, with the load conveyor device defining a load conveyor plane.
  • the tray conveyor system includes a tray conveyor device for transporting the tray in the conveying direction, with the tray conveyor device defining a tray conveyor plane. During the transport of the tray, the tray is preferably aligned with the longitudinal axis parallel to the conveying direction.
  • the tray conveyor level is at a first level and the load conveyor level is arranged at a second level, the second level being below the first level, so that the load can be placed on the tray from above.
  • the tray can be loaded continuously and therefore without stopping the tray during a loading process.
  • the transfer system comprises a transfer conveyor device running between a takeover edge and a transfer edge, which transfers the load from the load conveyor device at the takeover edge and delivers it onto the tray at the transfer edge.
  • the transfer conveying device In order to bridge a height difference between the first height level and the second height level, the transfer conveying device has an inclined transfer conveying plane.
  • the tray is made available by the tray conveying device below the transfer edge of the transfer conveying device, in particular with continuous movement in the conveying direction. The load can be released onto the tray during the continuous movement of the load and the tray in the conveying direction.
  • the transfer system can be constructed analogously to the previously described unloading device and can include a slide with which the load or multiple loads can be pushed from the load conveyor device onto a provided tray.
  • a transfer system is described, for example, in WO 2019/140473 A1, FIG.
  • the load conveying device and/or tray conveying device and/or the transfer conveying device can, in particular, be designed as a stationary conveying device or as a mobile conveying device, as described above.
  • the transfer conveyor device is designed as a knife-edge conveyor.
  • the tray includes a second storage compartment, which forms a second loading level at a second height level and is designed with a loading width (second loading width) that is wider than the loading width of the storage compartment (first loading width).
  • the position changing device comprises an alignment device for positioning the load on the load conveyor system.
  • the load can be centered relative to the tray or relative to the receiving compartment of the tray and positioned accordingly on the load conveyor device. If several loads are to be placed on the tray, this can ensure that the loads are placed on the tray in the middle and in a row along the longitudinal axis of the tray.
  • the position changing device comprises a rotating device and/or a tilting device for changing a pose of the load.
  • a side surface of the load can be changed, with which the load rests on the load conveyor and consequently also on the tray.
  • the load can be rotated with the rotating device about an axis of rotation, in particular a vertical axis, as a result of which an orientation of the load can be changed.
  • the loading device particularly preferably comprises a first turning device, a first tilting device and a second turning device in succession in the conveying direction.
  • the load can be tipped on five side faces in particular.
  • the position changing device can have a second tilting device, which is arranged in front of the first rotating device, in particular in the conveying direction. This allows the load to be tipped on six or more sides.
  • the tilting device comprises a first tilting arm and a second tilting arm, which enclose a right angle and which can be rotated about a horizontal axis of rotation.
  • it can be picked up between the first tilting arm and the second tilting arm and tilted by rotating the tilting arms about a rotation axis, in particular from a first pose, in which the load rests on a first side surface, into a second pose, in which the load rests on a second side surface.
  • the rocker arms can be comb-shaped and have a Extend width of the conveying plane, comb teeth between two conveying elements of the load conveyor, in particular conveyor rollers, are arranged and can be carried out between them.
  • the turning device comprises a multiplicity of driven conveying elements, in particular conveying rollers, as well as a lifting and turning platform.
  • the lifting and rotating platform can be moved orthogonally to the load conveying plane between an initial position below the load conveying plane and a lifting position above the load conveying plane and can be rotated about an axis of rotation aligned orthogonally to the load conveying plane.
  • the lifting and rotating platform comprises a multiplicity of openings through which the conveying elements protrude when the lifting and rotating platform is positioned in the starting position.
  • the lifting and rotating platform is preferably designed to be rotationally symmetrical about the axis of rotation.
  • the load In order to rotate the load, it is lifted from the load conveyor level by moving the lifting and rotating platform from the initial position to the lifting position and by rotating the lifting and rotating platform, in particular by 90°, 180° or 270° rotated the axis of rotation. If the load is in the desired orientation, the load is released back onto the conveying elements by lowering the lifting and rotating platform from the lifting position to the starting position and transported further by them.
  • the position change device has a buffer device provided by the load conveyor device between the rotating device and the alignment device and/or a buffer device provided by the load conveyor device between the alignment device and the transfer system.
  • the load detection system advantageously includes a measuring device with a sensor system, which is arranged along the conveyor system for transporting the load and is designed to detect the dimensions of the load.
  • the load can be recorded during transport, identified by reading an identification mark and/or measured by non-contact measurement.
  • the sensor system can have a camera system for detecting the load by measuring.
  • the load dimensions for example, by an algorithm Image recognition are determined.
  • the sensor system can have one or more light barriers or a light curtain or a light grid for detecting the dimensions of the load.
  • the sensor system can include a reading device for identifying the load by reading a machine-readable code that is arranged on the load.
  • the machine-readable code can be a bar code, a QR code or an RFID tag, for example.
  • the cargo dimensions can be read out from an electronic memory, in particular from a database, based on the identification.
  • the load conveyor system comprises a grouping device for forming a load group from several loads.
  • the grouping device can be formed in particular by stowage spaces on the load conveyor device, which enable a gapless accumulation of several loads.
  • the loading group can then be placed on the tray using the transfer system.
  • the grouping device can comprise a drive device and a stop element which can be moved by the drive device between an initial position and a grouping position, essentially analogously to the positioning device described above.
  • the stop element In the initial position, the stop element is (completely) below the load conveying plane and in the grouping position the stop element protrudes beyond the load conveying plane.
  • the stop element can comprise a plurality of stop elements which can be moved independently of one another, in particular a first stop element, a second stop element and a third stop element.
  • the drive device can have a drive for each stop element.
  • a further object of the invention is achieved by utilizing the advantages and effects described above by the picking system of the type mentioned at the outset, the trays and/or the unloading device and/or the loading device being designed according to one of the aspects described above.
  • the order-picking system can also include an incoming store, a tray store for load goods that are stored on trays, and a picking device for the automatic or manual picking of load items onto order load carriers.
  • the incoming warehouse can be designed as a manual warehouse, a semi-automated warehouse or a fully automated warehouse.
  • the cargo is delivered on storage containers, for example pallets, containers, and the like, and stored on storage racks.
  • the cargo is stacked on a storage container, in particular sorted.
  • the incoming warehouse is designed as an automated pallet warehouse.
  • Such a pallet warehouse comprises storage racks and storage and retrieval devices that can be moved automatically in a rack aisle between storage racks for depositing storage containers into the storage racks and removing storage containers from the storage racks.
  • the storage racks comprise a large number of storage locations next to one another in stacked rack levels, on which the storage containers can be placed.
  • the storage and retrieval machines are equipped with a load-carrying device, which can store one or more storage containers in the storage racks and retrieve them from the storage racks on both sides in a transverse direction.
  • the tray warehouse is designed for storing cargo and, in a preferred embodiment, is also designed as an automated warehouse.
  • the loads are stored on trays.
  • Such a tray warehouse comprises storage racks and stacker cranes that can be moved automatically in a rack aisle between storage racks for storing trays in the storage racks and retrieving trays from the storage racks.
  • the storage racks comprise a large number of storage locations next to one another in stacked rack levels, on which the trays can be placed.
  • Storage and retrieval devices that can be controlled independently of one another for storing trays in the storage racks and retrieving trays from the storage racks are preferably arranged for each rack aisle in superimposed travel levels. For example, at least one stacker crane can be assigned to each shelf level.
  • a storage and retrieval device serves one shelf level.
  • Such storage and retrieval devices are referred to as single-level storage and retrieval devices (shuttle). It is also possible to use fewer stacker cranes than shelf levels. For example, a stacker crane is moved between the driving levels using a lifting device. An embodiment is also possible in which a single storage and retrieval device is provided for each aisle for storing trays in the storage racks and retrieving trays from the storage racks.
  • the mentioned Storage and retrieval machines can be moved in a longitudinal direction (x-direction) along the storage racks and are equipped with a load-carrying device, which can insert one or more trays (load carriers) into the storage racks and retrieve them from the storage racks on both sides in a transverse direction (z-direction).
  • WO 2013/090970 A2 and WO 2020/113249 A1 disclose an automated warehouse with single-level stacker cranes (shuttle), which can be used as a tray warehouse for storing loads.
  • the picking device can be designed for manual or automated loading of order load carriers.
  • the order load carrier is, for example, a roll container or a pallet on which the load is stacked according to an order, in particular according to a picking order.
  • a picking device for manual loading of order load carriers is, for example, in
  • 1c shows the tray in the transport configuration, sectioned along line I-1;
  • 2c shows the lower part of the tray in a side view
  • 2d shows the lower part of the shelf viewed from below
  • 3a shows an upper part of the tray in a perspective view
  • 3b shows the upper part of the tray in a side view
  • Fig. 4b the tray in the delivery configuration, sectioned along line IV -
  • an unloading device for (automatically) unloading a tray loaded with one or more items to be loaded, for example in Fig. 5b a tray in the transport configuration being provided at a delivery place and for example in Fig. 5c at the delivery place the tray shown in Fig. 5a is provided in the delivery configuration;
  • FIG. 6a a tray in the transport configuration is provided at the service station and in FIG. 6b the tray shown in FIG. 6a is provided in the delivery configuration at the service station;
  • Figures 7a and 7b show a positioning system of the unloading device
  • FIG. 8 shows a method for (automatically) unloading one with one or more
  • 9a shows a side view of a loading device for (automatically) loading a tray with a load
  • 9b shows a partial section of the loading device in a perspective view
  • FIG. 10 shows a method for (automatically) loading a tray with one or more load items in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 11 shows a computer-implemented method for controlling a position-changing device
  • 12b shows a tray with two loads in plan view
  • 13 shows a schematic view of an order-picking system for storing
  • the tray 1 is shown in a perspective view. 1c corresponds to a cross section along the line I-I drawn in FIG.
  • the tray 1 comprises a first end face 101a and a second end face 101b opposite the first end face 101a, as well as a first longitudinal side 102a and a second longitudinal side 102b opposite the first longitudinal side 102a, with the longitudinal sides 102a, 102b extending between the end faces 101a, 101b and with each enclose a right angle.
  • a longitudinal axis 103 of the tray 1 extends parallel to the longitudinal sides 102a, 102b.
  • the tray 1 is constructed in several parts and comprises a lower part 2 and an upper part 3 that can be moved relative to the lower part 2.
  • a relative movement between the upper part 3 and the lower part 2 means that the tray 1 can be moved from a transport configuration shown in Fig. la to a transport configuration shown in Fig 1b and vice versa.
  • the tray 1 comprises four side walls 201, 301, which are arranged along the end faces 101a, 101b and along the longitudinal sides 102a, 102b. As can be seen in Fig. La, the four side walls 201, 301 form a peripheral boundary for an interior Interior of tray 1 when the tray is in the transport configuration.
  • the load 4 can be positioned between the four side walls 201, 301 on the upper part 3 in the transport configuration.
  • Fig. 1b it can be seen that the first side walls 201 arranged along the front sides 101a, 101b and the second side walls 301 arranged along the longitudinal sides 102a, 102b of the four side walls 201, 301 are arranged offset to one another, in particular in a height direction, when the tray is in the delivery configuration.
  • the interior of the tray 1 is thus open at the end faces 101a, 101b and the load 4 can be pushed off the upper part 3, as will be explained in detail below.
  • the lower part 2 comprises a transport floor 202 which comprises an upper side facing the upper part 3 and an underside facing away from the upper part 3 .
  • the transport floor 202 forms a transport surface 203, which is suitable for being transported on an automated conveyor device and placed in storage locations in storage racks.
  • the lower part 2 includes two of the four side walls 201, 301, which form the first side walls 201 and protrude from the transport floor 202.
  • the transport floor 202 can in particular comprise an underfloor 202a and an upper floor 202b with an intermediate space arranged between them.
  • the upper part 3 comprises a loading floor 302 which has an underside facing the lower part 2 and an upper side facing away from the lower part 2 .
  • the loading floor 302 forms a first loading level 303a, which is suitable for receiving a load 4 or a plurality of loads 4.
  • the upper part 3 includes two of the four side walls, which form the second side walls 301 and protrude from the loading floor 302 .
  • the loading floor 302 can also comprise an underfloor 302a and an upper floor 302b with an intermediate space arranged between them.
  • the tray 1 can have a large number of optional drainage openings 104a .
  • the drainage openings 104a..104c comprise lower drainage openings 104a arranged in the transport floor 202, upper drainage openings 104b arranged in the loading floor 302 and/or lateral drainage openings 104c arranged in the first side walls 201 and/or in the second side walls 301, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the lower part 2 can comprise first guide elements 204.
  • the upper part 3 can correspondingly have second guide elements 304, the first and second guide elements 204, 304 being designed in such a way that they engage in one another in a complementary manner.
  • the first guide elements 204 are each designed as a guide groove in the first side walls 201 .
  • the second guide elements 304 are correspondingly each formed as a guide projection.
  • a loss protection can be realized as in the example shown.
  • the lower part 2 has first securing elements 205 and the upper part 3 has second securing elements 305, the first and second securing elements 305 being designed in such a way that they engage in one another in a complementary manner.
  • the first securing elements 205 are each formed as a securing groove in the first side walls 201 .
  • the second securing elements 305 are each designed accordingly as a securing device in front of the jump. If necessary, the securing elements 205, 305 can be used in addition to or as an alternative to the guide elements 204, 304 for guiding the upper part 3 during the relative movement if, for example, no guide elements 204, 304 are present.
  • the first guide elements 204 and/or the first securing elements 205 can each form an upper stop for the corresponding second guide elements 304 and/or second securing elements 305 in order to limit the relative movement and thus ensure that the upper part 3 does not completely fall out of the lower part 2 is excavated.
  • the lower part 2 In order to achieve mutual position fixing of trays 1 stacked on top of one another, provision can be made for the lower part 2 to have a plurality of first stacking elements 206a and second stacking elements 206b corresponding to these.
  • the first stacking elements 206a can be formed as a stacking depression in an upper edge 207 of the first side walls 201 .
  • the second stacking elements 206b can be molded onto a lower edge 208 of the first side walls 201 as a stacking lug.
  • the upper part 3 also has first stacking elements 306a and second stacking elements 306b corresponding to these.
  • the first Stacking elements 306a can be formed as a stacking recess in an upper edge 307 of the second side walls 301 and the second stacking elements 306b can be formed as a stacking lug on a lower edge 308 of the second side walls 301.
  • the stacking lugs and stacking recesses of the upper part 3 and/or the lower part 2 are designed in such a way that the stacking lugs of a first tray 1 can be accommodated by the stacking recesses of a second tray 1 of the same design when the first tray 1 is placed on the second tray 1 is stacked.
  • the bottom side of the transport base 202 can have a recess 209 set back from the transport surface 203, as a result of which the tray 1 runs more smoothly.
  • the loading floor 302 lies at least in certain areas on the transport floor 202 when the tray 1 is in the transport configuration, as shown in FIG. 1c.
  • the lower floor 302a of the loading floor 302 can rest on the upper floor 202b of the transport floor 202 if the transport floor 202 and the loading floor 302 are designed accordingly.
  • the loading floor 302 is positioned at a distance from the transport floor 202 when the tray 1 is in the delivery position.
  • the loading floor 302 can optionally have a set-back recess 309 on the underside.
  • the transport floor 202 extends in a width direction, which runs orthogonally to the longitudinal axis 103, between a first transport floor edge 210a and a second transport floor edge 210b.
  • the upper part 3 or the loading floor 302 protrudes with a first contact surface 310a over the first transport floor edge 210a and with a second contact surface 310b over the second transport floor edge 210b.
  • the shelf 1 can be divided into several storage positions in the longitudinal direction, as shown in FIGS. 1d and 1e by way of example.
  • a plurality of projections 217 can be arranged on the transport floor 202, in particular on the top floor 202b of the transport floor 202.
  • the loading floor 302, in particular the lower floor 302a and the upper floor 302b of the loading floor 302 can have a plurality of openings 317 extending through it, in which the projections 217 engage.
  • the projections 217 project beyond the first loading level 303a, to separate the filing positions from each other.
  • the projections 217 as shown in FIG.
  • the projections 217 and openings 317 are not shown in FIG. 1c and subsequently in FIGS. 2a to 4b, although such projections 217 and openings 317 can optionally be provided.
  • Fig. 2a to Fig. 2d the lower part 2 of the tray 1 is shown, with the lower part 2 in Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b in a perspective view, in Fig. 2c in a side view orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 103 of the tray 1 and in Fig 2d is shown in a bottom view of the underside of the transport base 202.
  • the transport floor 202 provides a base.
  • the first side walls 201 each form a leg mounted on the base, so that the lower part 2 is essentially U-shaped.
  • the first guide elements 204 and/or the first securing elements 205 can be formed in the first side walls 201 and aligned orthogonally to the transport floor 202, so that the upper part 3 can be moved during the relative movement essentially along an orthogonal to the transport floor 202 aligned (not shown) movement axis is movable.
  • the first side walls 201 can each have an end section 211 which extends along the respective end face 101a, 101b, in particular over the entire width of the tray 1. Furthermore, the first side walls 201 can each have a first longitudinal section 212a, which orthogonally adjoins a first end of the end section 211 and extends along the first longitudinal side 102a of the tray 1. In addition, the first side walls 201 can each have a second longitudinal section 212b, which orthogonally adjoins a second end of the forehead section opposite the first end and extends along the second longitudinal side 102a. Thus, the first side walls 201 each form two corners or corner sections of the tray 1 .
  • first longitudinal section 212a and the second longitudinal section 212b are each provided with a first inclined surface 213 which extends between the lower edge 208 and the upper edge 207 of the respective first side wall 201.
  • first inclined surface 213 encloses an (obtuse) angle a with an imaginary plane parallel to the transport floor 202, which angle is approximately 130° in the example shown.
  • angle a can be chosen arbitrarily, in particular from 90° to 180°.
  • the inclined surface 213 can also be designed as a vertical surface if the angle a is 90°, for example.
  • the transport floor 202 On the upper side, the transport floor 202, in particular the underfloor 202a of the transport floor 202, has an inner surface, with a multiplicity of upper stiffening ribs 214a being provided on the inner surface.
  • the upper stiffening ribs 214a are distributed over the inner surface and protrude from the inner surface, in particular upwards or in the direction of the upper part 3. If the transport floor 202, as shown in FIG preferably provided that the upper stiffening ribs 214a are arranged in the space between the underbody 202a and the upper body 202b.
  • the upper stiffening ribs 214a are here covered by the top panel 202b.
  • the transport floor 202 has an outer surface on the underside, it being possible for a multiplicity of lower stiffening ribs 214b to be provided on the outer surface.
  • the lower stiffening ribs 214b are distributed over the outer surface and protrude from the outer surface, in particular downwards or away from the upper part 3 .
  • the lower stiffening ribs 214b can be arranged in the previously described recess 209 in the transport floor 202, as in the example shown.
  • the transport base 202 can also include a cover 218 with which the lower stiffening ribs 214b shown in dashed lines are covered.
  • the upper stiffening ribs 214a are arranged in the illustrated example in such a way that they form a multiplicity of crossing points at which they cross.
  • the lower stiffening ribs 214b are arranged in the example shown in such a way that they form a large number of crossing points at which they intersect.
  • some of the upper and lower stiffening ribs 214a, 214b are substantially concentric about a midpoint and some of the upper and lower stiffening ribs 214a, 214b are radially disposed from the midpoint.
  • a plurality of engagement openings 215 for gripping means can be provided in the first side walls 201, in particular in the longitudinal section 212a, 212b and/or in the end section 211. These enable a positive engagement of a gripping means of a tray handling device, such as a stacking machine, in order to handle trays and, if necessary, to stack several trays one on top of the other.
  • a tray handling device such as a stacking machine
  • the transport base 202 can have a peripheral transport slope 216, in particular inclined from the transport surface 203 to a peripheral edge of the transport base in the direction of the upper side.
  • the transport floor can have a third transport floor edge aligned parallel to the first side walls and a fourth transport floor edge aligned parallel to the first side walls.
  • the third and fourth transport floor edge adjoins the transport incline 216 .
  • the lower part protrudes with a third contact surface 210c over the third edge of the transport floor and a fourth contact surface 210d over the fourth edge of the transport floor.
  • a distance between the first transport floor edge 210a and the second transport floor edge 210b essentially corresponds to an inner distance between the second side walls 301 and a distance between the third transport floor edge 210c and the fourth transport floor edge 210d corresponds to an inner distance between the first side walls 201.
  • the transport base 202 of a second tray 1 can be accommodated between the first side walls 201 and the second side walls 301 of a first tray 1 when the second tray 1 is stacked on the first tray 1.
  • the second tray 1 can rest with the first and second contact surface 310a, 310b on the second side walls 301 of the first tray 1 and with the third and fourth contact surface 210c, 210d on the first side walls 201 of the first tray 1.
  • the lower part 2 comprises a multiplicity of lower drainage openings 104a, which are arranged in the transport floor 202 and pass through it.
  • the lower drainage openings 104a are preferably arranged around or at the above-described crossing points of the upper and lower stiffening ribs 214a, 214b, as illustrated in FIGS. 2a and 2d.
  • Fig. 3a to Fig. 3d the upper part 3 of the tray 1 is shown, the upper part 3 in Fig. 3a in a perspective view, in Fig. 3b in a side view parallel to the longitudinal axis 103 of the tray 1 and in Fig. 3c and in Fig. 3d is shown in a bottom view of the underside of the transport floor 202.
  • the load floor 302 provides a base.
  • the second side walls 301 each form a leg mounted on the base, so that the upper part 3 is essentially U-shaped.
  • the lower part 2 and the upper part 3 are assembled rotated essentially by 90° to one another, so that the first side walls 201 are arranged along the end faces 101a, 101b and the second side walls 301 are arranged along the long sides 102a, 102b of the tray 1.
  • the loading floor 302 forms a first loading edge 311a on the first end face 101a and a second loading edge 311b on the second end face 101b, over which the load 4 can be pushed off when the tray 1 is provided in the dispensing configuration.
  • the loading floor 302 preferably has on the upper side a first push-off ramp 312a rising from the first loading level 303a to the first loading edge 311a and optionally a second push-off ramp 312b rising from the first loading level 303a to the second loading edge 311b.
  • the second guide elements 304 and the second securing elements 305 can be formed on the end faces 101a, 101b, in particular parallel to the longitudinal axis 103 of the tray 1, projecting onto the loading floor 302.
  • the second guide elements 304 are designed as a guide projection
  • the second securing elements 305 are designed as a securing projection, which are positioned in such a way that they can engage in the first guide elements 204 and first securing elements 205 .
  • the second side walls 301 extend along the longitudinal sides 102a, 102b of the tray 1 and parallel to the longitudinal axis 103 of the tray 1.
  • the second side walls 301 are dimensioned in such a way that they extend between the longitudinal sections 212a, 212b of the first side walls 201.
  • the second side walls 301 each form a second inclined surface 313, which is between the lower edge 308 and the Upper edge 307 of the respective second side wall 301 extends.
  • the second inclined surface 313 encloses an (acute) angle ⁇ with an imaginary plane parallel to the transport floor 202, which angle is approximately 50° in the example shown.
  • the angle ⁇ can be chosen arbitrarily, in particular from 0° to 90°. It is expedient if the angles ⁇ and ⁇ are selected in such a way that they add up to 180°. It can thus be achieved that the second inclined surfaces 313 each rest on a first inclined surface 213 in the transport configuration, as can be seen in FIG.
  • the loading floor 302 can comprise an underfloor 302a and an upper floor 302b analogously to the transport floor 202 .
  • the loading floor 302 can have an outer surface and lower stiffening ribs 314 which are arranged distributed over the outer surface and protrude from the outer surface, in particular downwards or in the direction of the lower part.
  • the lower stiffening ribs 314 of the upper part 3 can be selected as desired, the lower stiffening ribs 314 in the example shown are arranged in such a way that they form a large number of crossing points at which they intersect.
  • some of the bottom stiffening ribs 314 are substantially concentric about a center point and some of the bottom stiffening ribs 314 are radially disposed from the center point.
  • the lower stiffening ribs 314 of the upper part 3 and the previously described upper stiffening ribs 214a of the lower part 2 are arranged in such a way that they are aligned with one another and rest on one another (at least in regions) in the transport configuration.
  • the stiffening ribs 314 can also be arranged between the underbody 302a and the top floor 302b of the loading floor 302, so that the stiffening ribs 314 are covered by the underbody 302a of the loading floor 302 when viewed from below, as illustrated in FIG. 3d.
  • it is preferably not the upper stiffening ribs 214 and the lower stiffening ribs 314 that rest on one another, but rather the top floor 202b of the transport floor 202 and the bottom floor 302a of the loading floor 302.
  • the upper part 3 in the preferred embodiment shown comprises a multiplicity of upper drainage openings 104b, which are arranged in the loading floor 302 and pass through it.
  • the upper drainage openings 104b are arranged at the crossing points of the lower stiffening ribs 314 of the upper part 3, as is shown in FIG. 3c. Provision can be made here for the lower drainage openings 104a and the upper drainage openings 104b to be aligned with one another in the transport configuration and possibly also in the delivery position.
  • the upper part 3 can have a large number of optional lateral drainage openings 104c, which are arranged in the second side walls 301.
  • the lateral drainage openings 104c can be arranged in the first side walls 201 or the tray 1 can be designed without lateral drainage openings 104c.
  • the upper part 3 comprises a first storage compartment, which is provided by the first loading level 303a.
  • the first loading level 303a runs between the end faces and is designed to accommodate a single load 4 or multiple loads 4 . If several loads 4 are to be picked up on the loading level 303a, they can be placed in a row one behind the other and between the second side walls 301.
  • the upper part 2 can comprise a second storage compartment with a second loading level 303b.
  • the first loading level 303a is formed at a first level and the second loading level 303b at a second level (different from the first level), with the first loading level 303a in a (first ) Loading width dl is limited by first stop edges 315a aligned parallel to one another and essentially vertically to the first loading plane 303a.
  • the second loading plane 303b is delimited in a wider (second) loading width d2 by second stop edges 315b running parallel to one another and aligned essentially vertically to the second loading plane 303b.
  • the wider (second) loading width d2 is designed larger than the (first) loading width dl.
  • the first stop edges 315a are formed by support pads 316 which run parallel at a mutual distance and extend between the end faces and which are arranged on the upper side of the loading floor 302 .
  • the support brackets 316 protrude from the first loading plane 303a.
  • the second stop edges 315b can be formed by the second side walls 301, as shown in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the first loading level 303a essentially forms a first loading surface, which is provided by the upper side of the loading floor 302 .
  • the second loading level 303b can be formed by a second loading surface formed on the support pads 316 .
  • the second loading surface is formed on the end edges of the support supports 316 that face away from the first loading plane 303a and run parallel to one another.
  • more than two storage compartments in particular at least one further storage compartment with a further loading level, can be provided in the same way. Provision can be made here for the further loading level of the at least one further storage compartment to be arranged at a further height level lying between the first height level and the second height level. Analogously to the first storage compartment, the at least one further storage compartment can be delimited by further stop edges.
  • FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b corresponds to a sectional view of the tray 1 along the section line IV-IV drawn in in FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b, the tray 1 in FIG. 4a analogous to FIG is shown analogously to Fig. 1b in the delivery configuration.
  • the loading floor 302 is in a transport position at a first distance from the transport floor 202.
  • the first distance is essentially zero millimeters.
  • the loading floor 302 rests on the transport floor 202 at least in certain areas, in particular in support areas.
  • the lower stiffening ribs 314 of the upper part 3 rest on the upper stiffening ribs of the lower part 2, as can be seen in FIG. 4a.
  • the second guide element 304 which protrudes from the loading floor 302, is in engagement with the first guide element 204, which is arranged in the first side wall 301.
  • the (first and/or second) loading edge 311a, 311b is below the upper edge 207 of the first side walls 201.
  • the loading floor 302 is in a delivery position at a second distance from the transport floor 202. In this case, the second distance is greater than the first distance.
  • the second guide element 304 is also engaged with the first guide element 204 in the delivery configuration.
  • the (first and/or second) loading edge 311a, 311b is aligned substantially flush with the upper edge 207 of the second side walls 301. In this case, the loading floor 302 can protrude over the upper edge 307 of the second side walls 301, if necessary in certain areas, in particular with the support pads 316, as can be seen in FIG. 4b.
  • the first loading level 303a can be below an imaginary top level running parallel to the transport floor 202 through the upper edge 207, with a height difference between the first loading level 303a and the upper edge 307 of the first side walls 201 being bridged by the sliding ramps 312a, 312b.
  • the second loading plane 303b can be above the imaginary deck plane.
  • FIG. 5a to 5e show a perspective view of an automated unloading device 5 for unloading a tray 1 loaded with goods 4 .
  • the unloading device 5 is shown in various process steps of a process for unloading the tray 1 .
  • the unloading device 5 is shown in a sectional view.
  • the unloading device 5 comprises a service station 6, on which a tray 1 loaded with cargo 4 can be provided, as is shown, for example, in FIGS. 5b, 5c and 6a. Adjoining the service station 6, the unloading device 5 has a transfer station 7, onto which the load 4 can be pushed off the tray 1, as is shown, for example, in FIGS. 5d and 6b.
  • the unloading device 5 comprises a tray conveyor system with an automated tray conveyor device 8 and a load conveyor system with an automated load conveyor device 10.
  • the unloading device 5 has a positioning system, an actuating device for adjusting the tray 1 between the transport configuration and the delivery configuration, and a transfer device 18 for pushing the load 4 from the tray 1 onto the transfer station 7 .
  • the actuating device and the transfer device 18 are arranged in the area of the service station 6 .
  • the unloading device 5 can have a schematically illustrated electronic control device 25, which is designed to control the tray conveyor device 8, the load conveyor device 10, the positioning system, the actuating device and/or the transfer device.
  • the tray conveyor system includes an automated tray conveyor 8, which defines a tray conveyor level (TE).
  • the tray conveyor device 8 comprises a first tray conveyor section 9a for transporting the tray 1 to the service station 6, a second tray conveyor section 9b connected to the first tray conveyor section 9a for providing the tray 1 at the service station 6, and a third tray conveyor section 9c for transporting the tray 1 from the service station 6.
  • the tray conveyor device 8 forms the service station 6 in the second tray conveyor section 9b formed an arrow on the tray conveyor shown tray conveying direction.
  • the first and second tray conveyor section 9a, 9b and the second and third tray conveyor section 9b, 9b each enclose an angle of 90°, with the third tray conveyor section 9c being oriented in the opposite direction to the first tray conveyor section 9a.
  • the tray conveyor sections can enclose any desired angle to one another. It can be provided in particular that the first and second tray conveyor section 9a, 9b and the second and third tray conveyor section 9b, 9c each enclose an angle of 180° to one another, so that the tray 1 is transported in a straight line.
  • the load conveyor system includes an automated load conveyor device 10, which defines a load conveyor level (LE).
  • the load conveying level (LE) is arranged at a height level which is different from, in particular higher than, the tray conveying level (TE).
  • the second distance between the lower part 2 and the upper part 3 as well as the (first and/or second) push-off ramp 312a, 312b of the tray 1 bridge a height difference between the load conveyor level (LE) and the tray conveyor level (TE) if the Tray 1 is provided in the delivery configuration on the service station 6.
  • the load conveyor device 10 also includes a load conveyor section for transporting the load 4 away from the transfer station 7.
  • the load 4 is transported in a load conveying direction shown in FIGS. 5a to 5e by an arrow on the load conveyor 10.
  • the load conveyor device 10 forms the delivery point 6.
  • the positioning system has a drive device 12 and a stop element 11 which can be moved via the drive device 12 between an initial position shown in FIG. 5e and a positioning position shown in FIG. 5a.
  • the stop element 11 In the starting position, the stop element 11 is (completely) below the tray conveying plane (TE) and in the positioning position the stop element 11 protrudes above the tray conveying plane (TE).
  • the stop element 11 is a stop plate, for example.
  • the tray 1 in particular with the longitudinal sections 212, 212a, can be pressed against the stop element 11, in particular against a first stop surface 13a and second stop surface 13b of the stop element shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b 11, are positioned when the stop element 11 is in the positioning position.
  • the actuating device comprises a drive device 15 and a first support element 14a for receiving the upper part 3 in a first edge region of the upper part 3 and a second support element 14b, in particular downstream of the first support element 14a in the tray conveying direction, for receiving the upper part 3 in a second edge region of the Upper part 3.
  • the first support element 14a and the second support element 14b are here via the drive device 15 between an initial position shown in Fig. 5a, Fig. 5e and Fig. 6a, in which the support elements are below the tray conveying plane (TE), and a lifting position shown in Fig. 5c, Fig. 5d and Fig. 6b, in which the support elements project over the tray conveying plane (TE), (synchronously) movable.
  • the first support element 14a 14a and the second support element 14b are arranged at a first distance from one another, with the first distance essentially corresponding to a distance between the first transport floor edge 210a and the second transport floor edge 210b, so that in the lifting position the first support element 14a is against the first contact surface 310a of the tray 1 and the second support element 14b can be placed against the second contact surface 310b of the tray 1.
  • the first support element 14 and the second support element 14b are each formed, for example, as a support plate. To a common, especially synchronous, movement of the first To achieve supporting element 14a and the second supporting element 14b by means of the drive device 15, these can be mounted on a common lifting frame.
  • the actuating device comprises a third support element for accommodating the lower part 2.
  • the third support element can be provided by the tray conveyor device 8, as is provided in the example shown.
  • the third support element can have clamping means (not shown), which can be placed against the first side walls 201 of the tray 1, for example.
  • a tray 1 is transported in the tray conveying direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 7 a and is positioned against the stop element 11 .
  • the second support element 14b is located downstream of the first support element 14a in the tray conveying direction and comprises a front surface 16a facing the first support element 14a and a rear surface 16b facing away from the first support element 14a. As can be seen in FIG. 7a, the first and second stop surfaces 13a, 13b are arranged in alignment with the rear surface 16b of the second support element 14b.
  • the tray 1 can be positioned with the first longitudinal sections 212a of the first side walls 201 against the stop surfaces 13a, 13b of the stop element 11.
  • the second contact surface 310b can be positioned above the second support element 14b. Since a distance between the first support element 14a and the second support element 14b corresponds to a distance between the first and the second transport floor edge 210a, 210b, the first contact surface 310a of the upper part 3 is arranged above the first support element 14a.
  • the tray 1 can now be adjusted from the transport configuration into the delivery configuration, for example by an upward movement of the first and second support element 14a, 14b, as shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b.
  • the unloading device 5 can have a monitoring device 17 for detecting a transfer of at least one load 4 from the tray 1 to takeover place 7.
  • the monitoring device 17 includes a sensor system, for example a light barrier.
  • the control device 25 is connected to the monitoring device 17 and controls the transfer device 18 in order to push a load 4 from the tray (load carrier) onto the transfer station 7 .
  • the transfer device 18 comprises a slide 20 that can be moved in a push-off direction 22 relative to the tray conveyor device 8 and is mounted on a base frame 19.
  • the slide 20 is arranged above the tray conveyor device 8 and forms a sliding surface 21 that can be placed against the load 4.
  • the push-off direction 22 is in this case aligned orthogonally to the tray conveying direction and preferably parallel to the load conveying direction.
  • the pusher 20 In order to push a load 4 from the tray 1 to the transfer station 7, the pusher 20 is moved from a rest position shown in Fig. 5a, Fig. 5b and Fig. 6a by a specific adjustment path in the push-off direction 22 into a position shown in Fig. 5d and Fig. 6b shown unloading moves.
  • the slide 20 is mounted on a positioning carriage 24 that can be moved along a guide arrangement 23 via a drive device.
  • the drive device is connected to the control device 25 shown schematically in FIGS. 5a to 5e.
  • the control device 25 controls the drive device in such a way that the slider 20 is moved from the rest position to the unloading position in order to push a load 4 or simultaneously several loads 4 as a load group from the tray 1 to the transfer station 7 .
  • the unloading position or the adjustment path is dependent on a dimension of a load 4 to be pushed off or a loading group to be pushed and/or a number of loads 4 to be pushed off.
  • the control device 25 calculates the adjustment path for the slider 20, the slider 20 having reached the unloading position when the load 4 or the corresponding number of load items 4 has been (completely) pushed off the tray 1 onto the transfer station 7.
  • the drive device can comprise a traction drive 26 connected to the actuating carriage 24.
  • the traction mechanism 26 comprises an endlessly revolving traction mechanism, which is guided around a deflection wheel and a drive wheel coupled to an electric servomotor 27 .
  • the control carriage 24 and the mounted on this Slider 20 moves relative to the tray conveyor device 8 and thus relative to the tray 1, in particular in or against the push-off direction 22.
  • the slider 20 can be moved by a drive device 28 in a (vertical) closing direction 29 between an initial position shown in FIGS. 5a, 5b, 5e and 6a into a position shown in FIGS. 5c, 5d
  • the engagement position shown in FIGS. 6b and 6b can be moved.
  • the transfer device 18 can include a path measuring device, not shown, by means of which an adjustment movement of the slide 20 is detected.
  • the path measuring device is connected to the control device 25 .
  • the displacement measuring device is preferably formed by a capacitive displacement transducer, inductive displacement transducer, magnetic displacement transducer or optoelectronic displacement transducer that is known per se.
  • the measuring method of absolute and incremental path measurement is used here.
  • the servomotor 27 can be provided with a resolver, incremental encoder or absolute value encoder.
  • the method for unloading the tray 1 is shown schematically in FIG.
  • a loaded with cargo 4 tray 1 is transported in a first unloading step El by the tray conveyor 8 as shown in Fig. 5a via the first and second tray conveyor section 9a, 9b to the service station 6 and made available at this.
  • a second unloading step E2 the tray 1 is positioned by the positioning system and made available in the service position.
  • the stop element 11 is moved from the starting position into the positioning position, as described above, and the shelf 1 is positioned against the stop element 11 .
  • the tray 1 When the tray 1 is positioned in the service position and is possibly fixed in this position by the clamping means, the tray 1 is moved from the transport configuration into the delivery configuration in a third unloading step E3. This is done by the actuator.
  • the first support member 14a and the second support member 14b are moved from the starting position to the lifting position as described above, the first support member 14a to the first contact surface 310a and the second support member 14b to the second contact surface 310b are employed.
  • the upper part 3 is raised relative to the lower part 2, as is shown, for example, in FIGS. 5c and 6b.
  • a fourth unloading step E4 one or more loads 4 are pushed off the tray 1 via the (first or second) push-off ramp 312a, 312b and the (first or second) loading edge 311a, 311b of the tray 1 onto the transfer area 7. This is done as previously described by the transfer device 18.
  • the slide 20 is moved from the rest position to the unloading position, the sliding surface 21 being applied to a side surface of the load 4 to be pushed off or one of the loads 4 to be pushed off.
  • a fifth unloading step E5 the deported load 4 or the deported loads 4 are transported away from the transfer station 7 by means of the load conveyor device 10 and optionally transported to a manual or automatic picking device 65 .
  • a sixth unloading step E6 the tray 1 is moved from the delivery configuration back into the transport configuration, in that the first support element 14a and the second support element 14b are moved back from the lifted position to the starting position. If the tray 1 was previously fixed by clamping means, this fixation is released again.
  • the tray 1 is then transported away from the service station 6 by the tray conveyor device 8 in a seventh unloading step E7.
  • the sixth discharging step E6 and/or the seventh discharging step E7 can optionally be carried out at the same time as or overlapping in time with the fifth discharging step E5.
  • the stop element 11 is moved again from the positioning position to the starting position. This can be done at any time before the sixth unloading step E6 and after the second unloading step E2.
  • a loading device 30 for loading a tray 1 with a load 4 is shown schematically. Furthermore, a section of the loading device is shown in a perspective view in FIG. 9b.
  • the loading device 30 comprises a load conveyor system with a load conveyor device 31 for conveying load 4, which defines a load conveyor level (LE), and a tray conveyor system with a tray conveyor device 32 for conveying trays 1, which has a tray -Funding level (TE) defined.
  • the tray conveyor level (TE) is arranged at a first height level and the load conveyor level (LE) at a second height level, with the first height level being below the second height level.
  • the load conveying device 31 and the tray conveying device 32 convey the load 4 or the tray 1 in a conveying direction 33.
  • the cargo conveyor system shown includes a measuring device 34 for detecting the cargo 4 and a position changing device 35, with which a pose of the cargo 4 can be changed.
  • the position changing device 35 can have a tilting device 36 and a rotating device 38 .
  • the position changing device 35 can include a grouping device 41 for forming a load group from a plurality of loads 4 and/or an alignment device 43 for positioning the load 4 on the load conveyor 31 .
  • the measuring device 34 , the tilting device 36 , the rotating device 38 and the aligning device 43 are arranged one after the other in the conveying direction 33 .
  • the grouping device 41 is formed in the area of the alignment device 43 by a storage area on the load conveyor device 31 .
  • the loading device 30 comprises a transfer system which is connected to the load conveyor system in the conveying direction 33 and which is set up to accept load 4 from the load conveyor system and deliver it onto a tray 1 provided on the transfer system.
  • the load transport device 31 is set up to transport the load 4 in the transport direction 33 from the position changing device 35 to the transfer system.
  • the tray conveyor device 32 is set up to transport a tray 1 in the conveying direction to the transfer system and make it available on the transfer system.
  • the loading device 30 comprises a control device 50 for controlling the position changing device 35, the load conveyor system, the transfer system and/or the tray conveyor system, a computing system 51 for determining a loading pose with which the load 4 is to be loaded onto the tray 1 , a load detection system 52, which may include the measuring device 34, and a tray detection system 53.
  • a computer system 54 which includes the load detection system 52 , the tray detection system 53 and the computing system 51 .
  • the measuring device 34 includes a sensor system for detecting the load 4 .
  • the sensor system can be designed here on the one hand for detecting load dimensions of the load 4 .
  • the sensor system can have a camera system.
  • the cargo dimensions can be determined, for example, by an algorithm for image recognition.
  • the sensor system can have one or more light barriers or a light curtain or a light grid for detecting the dimensions of the load.
  • the sensor system can be designed to identify the load 4 , the load dimensions of the load 4 being stored, for example, in an electronic memory and being able to be called up by the load detection system 52 .
  • the sensor system can include a reading device for detecting a machine-readable code that is arranged on the load 4 .
  • the machine-readable code can be a bar code, a QR code or an RFID tag, for example.
  • the tilting device 36 preferably comprises a first tilting arm 37a and a second tilting arm 37b, which enclose a right angle and which can be rotated about a horizontal axis of rotation in order to tilt the load 4.
  • the rocker arms 37a, 37b can be comb-shaped and extend over a width of the conveying plane.
  • the turning device 38 preferably comprises a large number of driven conveying elements 39 and a lifting and turning platform 40.
  • the lifting and turning platform 40 is connected by means of a drive device, not shown, between a load conveying level (LE ) Lying initial position and above the load conveying plane (LE) lying lifting position movable and rotatable by means of a further drive device not shown orthogonal to the load conveying plane (LE) aligned axis of rotation.
  • the lifting and rotating platform 40 includes a variety of openings through which the conveying elements 39 protrude when the lifting and rotating platform 40 is positioned in the starting position.
  • the load 4 In order to turn the load 4 , it is positioned above the lifting and turning platform 40 by the conveying elements 39 .
  • the load 4 By moving the lifting and rotating platform 40 from the starting position to the lifting position, the load 4 is raised above the load conveyor level (LE).
  • the load 4 can then be rotated about the axis of rotation by rotating the lifting and rotating platform 40, in particular by 90°, 180°, 270° or 360°. If the load 4 is in the desired orientation, the load 4 can be released back onto the conveying elements 39 by lowering the lifting and rotating platform 40 from the lifted position to the starting position and transported further by them.
  • the lifting and rotating platform 40 is preferably designed to be rotationally symmetrical about the axis of rotation.
  • the grouping device 41 has a drive device (not shown) and stop elements 42a .
  • the drive device can have a drive for each stop element 42a..42c.
  • the respective stop element 42a..42c In the starting position, the respective stop element 42a..42c is (completely) below the load conveying plane (LE) and in the grouping position the respective stop element 42a..42c protrudes above the load conveying plane (LE).
  • the grouping device 41 has a first stop element 42a, a second stop element 42b and a third stop element 42c, which can be brought from the starting position into the grouping position depending on the load dimensions and/or the number of loads to be grouped.
  • the stop elements 42a..42c are each a stop plate, for example.
  • the alignment device 43 includes a first slide 44a and a second slide 44b.
  • the slides 44a, 44b are mounted on a base frame 45 so as to be movable relative to the load conveying device 31 orthogonally to the conveying direction 33 .
  • the slides 44a, 44b can be moved by means of a drive device from an initial position that has been moved apart into a centering position that has been moved towards one another, in order to center the load 4 on the load conveyor device 31.
  • the drive device can in this case be designed analogously to the drive device of the transfer device 18 and a Include traction drive.
  • the traction mechanism includes an endlessly revolving traction mechanism, which is guided around a deflection wheel and a drive wheel coupled to an electric servomotor 46 .
  • the transfer system includes a transfer conveyor device 47, which provides an inclined transfer conveyor level in order to bridge a height difference between the load conveyor level (LE) and the tray conveyor level (TE).
  • the transfer conveyor device 47 is preferably designed as a knife-edge conveyor.
  • the inclined transfer conveying plane extends between a transfer edge 48, which adjoins the load conveying device 31 and is aligned orthogonally to the conveying direction 33, and a transfer edge 49, which is aligned above the tray conveying device 32 and is orthogonal to the conveying direction 33.
  • the transfer edge 49 is orthogonal to the tray conveying plane (TE) is arranged at a distance from this which makes it possible, on the one hand, for a tray 1 to be provided or conveyed between the transfer edge 49 and the tray conveying plane and, on the other hand, for a load 4 to be released from the transfer conveying device 47 onto the tray 1 .
  • the transfer conveyor device 47 includes a propulsion means for a constant propulsion of the load 4.
  • the propulsion means is provided in the example shown by a circulating conveyor belt. Alternatively, the propulsion means can also be provided by a large number of conveyor rollers or the like.
  • the tray 1 is provided on the one hand by the tray conveyor device 32 with constant advance below the transfer edge 49 and on the other hand the load 4 is provided by the load conveyor device 31 at the top edge and placed on the tray 1.
  • the tray conveyor device 32 and the transfer conveyor device 47 are controlled by the control device 50 in such a way that the load 4 or the loads 4 that are to be loaded onto the tray 1 and the tray 1 are made available at the transfer edge 49 at the same time.
  • the load 4 is transported to the loading device 30 in a first loading step Bl.
  • the tray 1 is transported to the loading device 30 in a second loading step B2.
  • a third loading step B3 the dimensions of the load are detected by the load detection system 52 and the loading width d1, d2 of the tray 1 are detected by the tray detection system 53 and transmitted to the computing system 51.
  • the loading width dl, d2 can in particular include the previously described first loading width dl and/or second loading width d2.
  • a loading pose is determined by the computing system 51 and a control specification 59 for the change in position of the device 35 is created.
  • the control specification 59 is transmitted to the control device 50, which controls the position change device 35 in such a way that the load 4 is brought into the loading pose by the change in position s device 35, in particular by the tilting device 36 and/or the rotating device 38.
  • the load 4 is preferably conveyed by the load conveying device 31 from the rotating device 38 to the grouping device 41 and to the aligning device 43 .
  • the load 4 is possibly backed up in the grouping device 41, in particular until all loads 4 of the load group are present in the grouping device 41, and the previous loading steps B1..B4 one repeated up to four for at least one other cargo of the cargo group.
  • the load 4 or the load group is positioned by an alignment device 43 in a fifth loading step B5 on the load conveyor 31 relative to the tray 1, in particular so that the load 4 can be delivered centered on the tray 1.
  • a sixth loading step B6 the tray 1 is made available at the transfer device 18 and the load 4 or the loading group is taken over by the transfer device 18 as described above and placed on the tray 1.
  • the loaded tray 1 is transported away from the transfer device 18 in a seventh loading step B7.
  • FIG. 11 an embodiment of a computer-implemented method for controlling 60 the position change device 35 is shown schematically.
  • the computer system 54 described above which comprises the computer system 51, the load detection system 52, the tray detection system 53 and an electronic memory 55, can be provided for carrying out the method.
  • cargo dimensions are recorded by the cargo detection system 52 in a first step. Provision is preferably made for the load 4 to be identified by the measuring device 34 as described above, identification data 56 being recorded by the measuring device 34 and transmitted to the load recording system 52 . On the basis of the identification data 56, stored cargo data 57 relating to the cargo 4 are retrieved from the electronic memory 55, the cargo data 57 including the dimensions of the cargo. Optionally, the cargo 4 can also be identified from a known cargo sequence, in particular one predetermined by a material flow. The load data 57 or the load dimensions are transmitted from the load detection system 52 to the computing system 51 .
  • the load dimensions can be recorded by the measuring device 34 and transmitted to the load recording system 52, as also described above.
  • the load data 57 which includes the load dimensions, is generated by the load detection system 52 and transmitted to the computing system 51 .
  • the loading width dl, d2 of the tray 1 is detected by the tray detection system 53 .
  • tray data 58 are retrieved from the electronic memory 55 by the tray detection system 53 and transmitted from the tray detection system 53 to the computing system 51 .
  • the tray data 58 include the loading width dl, d2, in particular the first loading width dl and second loading width d2.
  • the load dimensions are then compared by the computer system 51 with the load width d1, d2, with a side surface of the load 4 being determined, for example, whose surface diagonal is greater than the load width d1, d2.
  • a loading pose is determined by the computing system 51 on the basis of a comparison of the load dimensions with the loading width d1, d2.
  • the loading pose indicates on which side surface the load 4 is to rest and in which orientation the load 4 is to be loaded onto the tray 1.
  • the loading pose as shown in Fig. 12a can specify that the load 4 should rest on that side surface whose surface diagonal is greater than the loading width dl, d2 and whose length and/or width is smaller than the loading width dl, d2, and with a longitudinal edge should be aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis 103 of the tray 1, since in this case a twisting movement of the load 4 on the tray 1 is limited by the first loading width dl.
  • different loading poses are also possible for different loads 4 and loading requirements.
  • the loading pose specifies that the loads 4 should each be aligned with a longitudinal edge orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 103 of the tray 1, as shown in FIG. 12b .
  • the twisting movement of the cargo 4 is limited by the second loading width d2.
  • a control specification 59 for the control device 50 for controlling the position change device 35 is created by the computer system 51 on the basis of the loading pose and transmitted from the computer system 51 to the control device 50 .
  • the position changing device 35 is actuated 60 by the control device 50, so that the load 4 is brought into the loading pose by the position change device 35, in particular by rotating and/or tilting the load 4 as described above.
  • the picking system 61 comprises an incoming storage area 62, a depalletizing device 63, a loading device 30, a tray storage area 64 for load 4, an unloading device 5 and a picking device 65.
  • the incoming warehouse 62 can be designed as a manual warehouse, a semi-automated warehouse or a fully automated warehouse.
  • the cargo 4 is delivered on storage containers, for example pallets, containers, and the like, and stored on storage racks.
  • the storage containers can be unloaded by the depalletizing device 63, with the load 4 being separated.
  • the loads 4 can be transported to the loading device 30 by means of an automated load conveyor device 31 .
  • the goods to be loaded 4 can be loaded onto trays as described above by means of the loading device 30 .
  • the loads 4 are then stored on the trays 1 in the tray warehouse 64 for loads 4 .
  • the tray 1 with the corresponding load 4 can be removed from the tray store 64 and transported to an unloading device 5 by means of a tray conveyor device 8 .
  • the load 4 can be unloaded from the tray 1 by the unloading device 5 as previously described.
  • the load 4 can now be transported to the picking device 65 by means of the load conveyor device 10 .
  • an order load carrier for example a roll container or a pallet, can be loaded with goods according to the picking order.
  • the cargo 4 is preferably stacked on the order carrier.
  • the devices shown can also include more or fewer components than shown. In some cases, the devices shown or their components may also be shown not to scale and/or enlarged and/or reduced. List of reference symbols
  • Shelf 314 stiffening ribsa, 101b end face 315a, 315b stop edges a, 102b long side 316 support pads
  • Depression 33 conveying direction a, 310b contact surface 34 measuring devicea, 31 1b loading edge a, 312b deportation ramp 35 position changing device 36 tipping device B1 first loading step

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un plateau (1) en plusieurs parties destiné au transport d'une marchandise dans un système de préparation de commandes, ledit plateau comprenant quatre parois latérales, une partie inférieure (2) et une partie supérieure (3) pouvant être déplacée relativement à la partie inférieure (2), d'une configuration de transport à une configuration de distribution, la partie inférieure (2) fournissant deux premières parois latérales (201) et la partie supérieure (3) fournissant deux secondes parois latérales (301). L'invention concerne également un dispositif de déchargement et un procédé pour décharger le plateau (1), la partie supérieure (3) étant déplacée relativement à la partie inférieure (2), de manière à faire passer le plateau de la configuration de transport à la configuration de distribution. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé, mis en œuvre par ordinateur, de commande d'un dispositif de modification de position, pour amener une marchandise dans une position de chargement pour charger un plateau (1). De plus, l'invention concerne un dispositif de chargement permettant de mettre en œuvre ledit procédé. Enfin, l'invention concerne un système de préparation de commandes comportant une pluralité de plateaux (1), un dispositif de déchargement et/ou un dispositif de chargement.
PCT/AT2022/060425 2021-12-02 2022-12-02 Plateau destiné au transport d'une marchandise dans un système de préparation de commandes, dispositif de déchargement et dispositif de chargement WO2023097351A2 (fr)

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ATA50965/2021A AT525702A1 (de) 2021-12-02 2021-12-02 Tablar zum Transport eines Ladeguts in einem Kommissioniersystem, Entladevorrichtung und Beladevorrichtung
ATA50965/2021 2021-12-02

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CN117163677A (zh) * 2023-11-03 2023-12-05 泰州圣斯泰科汽车部件有限公司 一种汽车仪表加工用存储装置
CN117163677B (zh) * 2023-11-03 2024-02-23 泰州圣斯泰科汽车部件有限公司 一种汽车仪表加工用存储装置
CN117775451A (zh) * 2024-02-28 2024-03-29 泰州德丰塑胶科技有限公司 一种具有空间可调的塑料托盘
CN117775451B (zh) * 2024-02-28 2024-05-28 泰州德丰塑胶科技有限公司 一种具有空间可调的塑料托盘

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