WO2023088495A2 - 外后视镜的安装总成、车门和车辆 - Google Patents

外后视镜的安装总成、车门和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023088495A2
WO2023088495A2 PCT/CN2023/070359 CN2023070359W WO2023088495A2 WO 2023088495 A2 WO2023088495 A2 WO 2023088495A2 CN 2023070359 W CN2023070359 W CN 2023070359W WO 2023088495 A2 WO2023088495 A2 WO 2023088495A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rearview mirror
plate
exterior rearview
reinforcement
installation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/070359
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2023088495A3 (zh
Inventor
曹家钰
邱路阳
张之好
江炳辉
于铁丰
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司
Publication of WO2023088495A2 publication Critical patent/WO2023088495A2/zh
Publication of WO2023088495A3 publication Critical patent/WO2023088495A3/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/06—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
    • B60J5/0493—Appurtenances

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an installation assembly of an exterior rearview mirror, a vehicle door, and a vehicle.
  • a car usually refers to a non-track-bearing vehicle driven by power (such as fuel, hybrid, pure electric, etc.) and has 4 or more wheels. Its main functions include walking, manning and transportation. Automobiles bring convenience, comfort and safety to people's travel, and at the same time promote the development of industries, accelerate economic improvement, and change people's lifestyles.
  • power such as fuel, hybrid, pure electric, etc.
  • the rearview mirror is an important part of the car. It can assist the driver to obtain external information such as the rear, side and bottom of the car, and plays a decisive role in safe driving.
  • rearview mirrors can be divided into various types such as exterior rearview mirrors, interior rearview mirrors, and lower rearview mirrors.
  • the exterior rearview mirrors are generally installed on the front doors on the left and right sides of the car, and the driver can easily observe the surrounding environment of the car with the help of the exterior rearview mirrors.
  • the exterior rearview mirrors in the prior art are usually mounted on the triangular window area of the front door (that is, the roughly triangular area near the A-pillar on the front door) or directly fixed on the door panel of the front door. Due to the small area of the triangular window area and the poor rigidity and strength of the sheet metal structure, it is easy to produce vibration and abnormal noise when the exterior rearview mirror is installed on the triangular window area, which greatly reduces the user experience.
  • the exterior rearview mirror is usually arranged near the water tangent position of the front door (that is, at the upper edge of the front door panel), As a result, when the exterior rearview mirror is assembled at a position close to the water tangent, the door panel is easily deformed under the action of the force arm caused by the outward extension of the exterior rearview mirror, especially in recent years in order to give the rearview mirror more With more functions and more and more internal components, the weight of the rearview mirror is getting heavier and heavier. Therefore, even if the exterior rearview mirror is fixed to the front door panel, there is a risk of shaking and abnormal noise in the exterior rearview mirror.
  • the present invention provides an installation assembly for the exterior rearview mirror.
  • the installation assembly includes: an inner panel of the vehicle door, the inner panel of the vehicle door has a water tangent line extending longitudinally thereof; a hinge reinforcing plate, the reinforcing plate of the hinge is fixed on the inner panel of the vehicle door, and a There is a predetermined mounting area adapted to fix the exterior rearview mirror; an outer waistline reinforcement panel secured to the door inner panel below the water tangent line; and a reinforcement, The reinforcements are respectively fixedly connected to the hinge reinforcement plate and the outer waistline reinforcement plate, so that the stress generated by fixing the exterior rearview mirror can be transmitted to the lower side of the water tangent through the reinforcements.
  • the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention includes a car door inner panel, a hinge reinforcement plate, an outer waistline reinforcement plate, and a reinforcement.
  • the door inner panel has a water tangent extending longitudinally thereof.
  • the hinge reinforcement is fixed to the door inner panel.
  • a predetermined installation area that can be adapted to fix the exterior rearview mirror is formed on the hinge reinforcement plate (ie, the exterior rearview mirror can be fixed on the hinge reinforcement plate).
  • the outer waistline reinforcing plate is fixed on the inner panel of the door and is located below the water tangent line.
  • the reinforcements are respectively fixedly connected with the hinge reinforcement plate and the outer waistline reinforcement plate, so that the stress generated by fixing the exterior rearview mirror can be transmitted to the lower side of the water tangent through the reinforcements.
  • the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention can fix the exterior rearview mirror on the hinge reinforcement board.
  • the stress is transmitted vertically downward from the hinge reinforcement plate to the reinforcement, and then transmitted to the outer waistline reinforcement plate through the reinforcement, so that the stress originally concentrated on the hinge reinforcement plate can be evenly distributed to the outer waistline reinforcement plate and other components on, thereby reducing the stress on the hinge reinforcement plate. Therefore, the exterior rearview mirror can be more firmly fixed on the hinge reinforcement plate, effectively reducing the possibility of vibration and abnormal noise, and improving the user experience.
  • the rigidity and strength of the entire installation assembly can be enhanced and the service life can be extended.
  • the material of the processing and installation assembly can also be appropriately reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.
  • the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention improves the rigidity and strength of the predetermined installation area by adding a separate reinforcement, without changing the structure of the door inner panel, hinge reinforcement plate and outer waistline reinforcement plate, etc., Therefore, the adaptability of the mounting assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention is also significantly improved.
  • the installation assembly further includes a window guide rail, and the window guide rail extends vertically to below the water tangent line along the inner panel of the door, And respectively form a fixed connection with the hinge reinforcement plate and the reinforcement piece.
  • the hinge reinforcement plate, the window guide rail, and the outer waistline reinforcement plate are sequentially spaced apart along the thickness direction of the door inner panel.
  • the reinforcement member is a curved plate-shaped structure
  • the plate-shaped structure has a first fixing section abutting against the hinge reinforcement plate, and the The second fixing section abutting against the window guide rail, and the third fixing section abutting against the outer waistline reinforcing plate.
  • the first fixing section, the hinge reinforcement plate and the door inner panel are fixed together by three-layer plate spot welding
  • the second fixing section segment and the window guide rail are fixed together by two-layer plate spot welding
  • the third fixing segment and the outer waistline reinforcement plate are fixed together by two-layer plate spot welding.
  • a plurality of rearview mirror installation holes spaced apart from each other are formed in the predetermined installation area.
  • a plurality of rearview mirror installation holes spaced apart from each other are provided in the predetermined installation area, so that the exterior rearview mirror can be conveniently assembled.
  • each of the rearview mirror installation holes is located above the outer waistline reinforcement plate.
  • Each rearview mirror installation hole is arranged above the outer waistline reinforcement plate, which can make the rearview mirror conveniently assembled in the predetermined installation area, prevent the outer waistline reinforcement plate and other components from affecting the assembly of the rearview mirror, and improve the assembly efficiency.
  • At least one first reinforcement protrusion protruding away from the hinge reinforcement plate and spaced apart from each other is formed on the inner panel of the vehicle door, and on the inner panel of the vehicle door
  • At least one second reinforcing protrusion opposite to each of the first reinforcing protrusions is formed on the hinge reinforcing plate, so that each of the first reinforcing protrusions and the corresponding second reinforcing protrusion Enclosed into a reinforced cavity.
  • the reinforcing cavity is configured to extend vertically and pass through the extension of the water tangent.
  • the reinforcement cavity extends vertically and passes through the extension line of the water tangent, which can further strengthen the rigidity and strength of the door inner panel and the hinge reinforcement panel, and prolong their service life.
  • the present invention also provides a car door.
  • the vehicle door includes: an exterior rearview mirror; and the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror according to any one of the above, and the exterior rearview mirror is installed in a predetermined installation area of the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror Inside.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle.
  • the vehicle includes the doors described above.
  • the vehicle of the present invention can effectively prevent vibration and abnormal noise after the exterior rearview mirror is installed (especially when the vehicle is running at high speed), thereby improving the driving experience of the user.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of vehicle of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4a is the front view viewed from outside to inside of the embodiment of the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention
  • Fig. 4b is a front view from the inside to the outside of the embodiment of the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view obtained along the section line A-A shown in Fig. 4a in an embodiment of the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view obtained along the section line B-B shown in Fig. 4a in an embodiment of the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a reinforcing member in the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention.
  • Vehicle 10. Door, 101, front door; 1011, triangular window area; 1012, door panel; 10121, outer water cut structure; 1013, window glass; 102, rear door; 20, exterior rearview mirror; 30, installation Assembly; 31. Door inner panel; 311. Water tangent line; 312. First reinforcement protrusion; 32. Hinge reinforcement plate; 321. Scheduled installation area; 3211.
  • the terms "setting” and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, or internally connected between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.
  • the installation assembly 30 includes: a door inner panel 31 having a water tangent line 311 extending longitudinally thereof; a hinge reinforcement plate 32 fixed on the door inner panel 31 and formed on the hinge reinforcement plate 32 There is a predetermined installation area 321 suitable for fixing the exterior rearview mirror 20, and the predetermined installation area 321 is positioned close to the water tangent line 311; the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34 is fixed on the door inner panel 31 and is located below the tangent line 311; and the reinforcing member 35, the reinforcing member 35 forms a fixed connection with the hinge reinforcing plate 32 and the outer waistline reinforcing plate 34 respectively, so that the stress generated by fixing the exterior rearview mirror 20 can pass through the reinforcing member 35 to the water tangent line 311 conduction below.
  • the term “longitudinal” refers to the direction extending front and rear along the vehicle body when the vehicle is placed horizontally
  • the term “transverse” refers to the direction extending left and right along the vehicle body when the vehicle is placed horizontally
  • the term “vertical “To” refers to the direction extending up and down along the vehicle body when the vehicle is placed horizontally.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the vehicle of the present invention.
  • the vehicle 1 of the present invention is a sedan.
  • the vehicle 1 can also be an MPV (ie multi-purpose vehicle), an SUV (ie off-road vehicle) or other suitable vehicles.
  • the vehicle 1 can be a fuel car, a hybrid car or a pure electric car.
  • the vehicle 1 has a door 10 .
  • the vehicle doors 10 include a front door 101 located at the front of the vehicle body and a rear door 102 located at the rear of the vehicle body.
  • the front door 101 includes two front doors 101 arranged on the left and right sides of the vehicle body and facing each other
  • the rear door 102 includes two rear doors 102 arranged on the left and right sides of the vehicle body and facing each other.
  • the door 10 may also include only the front door 101 .
  • the front door 101 is a frameless door (ie, no window frame).
  • the front door 101 may also be a door with a frame (ie with a window frame).
  • the front door 101 has a door panel 1012 and a triangular window area 1011 formed above the door panel 1012 and close to the A-pillar of the vehicle 1 .
  • the door panel 1012 is provided with an outer water cutting structure 10121 extending roughly along its longitudinal direction, so that the window glass 1013 can cut off impurities such as water droplets, water mist and dust on the outer surface of the glass during the lifting process, and at the same time it can also play an aesthetic role. .
  • an exterior rearview mirror 20 is provided on each front door 101 , and an installation assembly 30 capable of fixing the exterior rearview mirror 20 is provided inside each front vehicle door 101 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the exterior rearview mirror 20 is installed in the triangular window area 1011 .
  • the exterior rearview mirror 20 can also be installed on the door panel 1012 and located below the exterior water cut 10121 .
  • the exterior rearview mirror 20 has a manual adjustment function.
  • the exterior rearview mirror 20 may also have one or more functions of automatic adjustment, electric folding, rearview mirror heating, and automatic turning down when reversing, so as to improve user experience.
  • FIGS. 2-7 An embodiment of the mounting assembly 30 of the exterior rearview mirror 20 of the present invention will be described in detail below based on FIGS. 2-7 .
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the installation assembly of exterior rearview mirror of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the exploded view of the embodiment of the installation assembly of exterior rearview mirror of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 a is the embodiment of exterior rearview mirror of the present invention A front view of an embodiment of the mounting assembly viewed from the outside to the inside
  • FIG. 4 b is a front view of an embodiment of the mounting assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention viewed from the inside to the outside.
  • the installation assembly 30 of the present invention includes a door inner panel 31, a hinge reinforcement panel 32, a window guide rail 33, an outer waistline reinforcement panel 34, and a reinforcement Part 35 and other components.
  • the door inner panel 31 is made of galvanized steel sheet or other suitable metal materials through rolling process.
  • the door inner panel 31 has a water tangent line 311 extending approximately in its longitudinal direction.
  • An inner water cutting structure (not shown in the figure) is provided at the position of the water tangent line 311, so that the window glass 1013 can cut off impurities such as water droplets, water mist and dust on the inner surface of the glass during the lifting process, and can also play a role at the same time. Aesthetic effect.
  • the door inner panel 31 is formed on the inner side of the door panel 1012 .
  • the door inner panel 31 and the window frame of the front door 101 can be stamped and formed integrally.
  • the window frame of the front door 101 can also be manufactured separately from the inner panel 31 of the door, and then connected by welding or screws.
  • the hinge reinforcement plate 32 is made of galvanized steel sheet or other suitable metal materials through a stamping process.
  • the hinge reinforcement plate 32 is fixed on the upper portion of the door inner panel 31 .
  • the hinge reinforcement plate 32 forms a fixed connection with the door inner panel 31 through a resistance spot welding (ie, Resistance Spot Welding) process, so that a firm and stable fixed connection is formed between the hinge reinforcement plate 32 and the door inner panel 31 .
  • the hinge reinforcement plate 32 may also be fixed on the door inner panel 31 by other suitable means, for example, by screw fixing.
  • a predetermined installation area 321 for fixing the exterior rearview mirror 20 is provided on the hinge reinforcement plate 32 , and the predetermined installation area 321 is close to the water tangent line 311 .
  • the predetermined installation area 321 is located at a position of the hinge reinforcement plate 32 close to the triangular window area 1011 of the front door 101 .
  • three rearview mirror installation holes spaced apart from each other are provided in the predetermined installation area 321 .
  • the three rearview mirror installation holes are respectively a first rearview mirror installation hole 3211 , a second rearview mirror installation hole 3212 , and a third rearview mirror installation hole 3213 .
  • the first rearview mirror installation hole 3211 and the third rearview mirror installation hole 3213 are all located above the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34, while the second rearview mirror installation hole 3212 is located lower than the upper edge of the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34 And it is away from the triangular window area 1011 with weak strength, so stronger static stiffness can be obtained.
  • the first rearview mirror installation hole 3211 , the second rearview mirror installation hole 3212 , and the third rearview mirror installation hole 3213 are arranged in a substantially triangular shape, so as to securely fix the exterior rearview mirror 20 .
  • three rearview mirror installation holes spaced apart from each other are also provided in the predetermined installation area 321 .
  • the three rearview mirror installation holes are respectively the first rearview mirror installation hole 3211 , the third rearview mirror installation hole 3213 , and the fourth rearview mirror installation hole 3214 .
  • the first rearview mirror installation hole 3211, the third rearview mirror installation hole 3213, and the fourth rearview mirror installation hole 3214 are all arranged on the top of the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34, so that the outer rearview mirror 20 can be assembled without being affected.
  • the blocking of parts such as the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34 and the door outer panel is conveniently assembled to the corresponding rearview mirror mounting holes, thereby improving the assembly efficiency (it should be pointed out that the door outer panel and the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34 are vertically approximately the same height in both directions).
  • the first rearview mirror installation hole 3211 , the third rearview mirror installation hole 3213 , and the fourth rearview mirror installation hole 3214 are arranged in a substantially triangular shape, so as to securely fix the exterior rearview mirror 20 .
  • the number of rearview mirror mounting holes is set to 4, including the first rearview mirror mounting hole 3211, the second rearview mirror mounting hole 3212, the third rearview mirror mounting hole 3213, and The fourth rearview mirror installation hole 3214 enables the stress generated by fixing the exterior rearview mirror 20 to be distributed more evenly, so as to ensure the degree of fastening of the exterior rearview mirror 20 .
  • the window guide rail 33 is configured to be made of galvanized steel sheet or other suitable metal materials through a stamping process.
  • a lift groove 331 that allows the window glass 1013 to rise and fall vertically is formed on the window guide rail 33 , so that the user can conveniently adjust the lift of the window glass 1013 according to actual needs.
  • the window guide rail 33 generally extends vertically below the water tangent line 311 and forms a fixed connection with the hinge reinforcement plate 32 .
  • the window guide rail 33 is configured to form a fixed connection with the hinge reinforcement plate 32 and the door inner panel 31 through three-layer spot welding, so as to obtain a firm and stable connection.
  • the lower end of the window guide rail 33 (not shown in the figure) is fixed on a stopper reinforcing plate (not shown in the figure), and the stopper reinforcing plate is configured to be fixed on the door on the inner panel 31 so as to form a firmer and more stable connection between the window guide rail 33 and the inner panel 31 of the vehicle door.
  • the outer waistline reinforcing plate 34 is made of galvanized steel sheet or other suitable metal materials through stamping process.
  • the outer waistline reinforcing plate 34 generally extends longitudinally and is located below the water tangent line 311 to support and strengthen the sheet metal structure.
  • the outer waistline reinforcement panel 34 is fixed to both longitudinal ends of the door inner panel 31 by a resistance spot welding process.
  • the outer waistline reinforcing plate 34 can also be fixed on the door inner panel 31 by other means, such as screw fixing.
  • Fig. 5 is the sectional view obtained along the A-A sectional line shown in Fig. 4a in the embodiment of the mounting assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is the embodiment of the reinforcement in the mounting assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention Schematic.
  • the reinforcing member 35 is made of galvanized steel sheet or other suitable metal materials through machining.
  • the reinforcing member 35 is configured in a curved plate-like structure.
  • the curved plate structure has a first fixing section 351 abutting against the hinge reinforcement plate 32 , a second fixing section 352 abutting against the window guide rail 33 , and a first fixing section 352 abutting against the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34 .
  • the first fixing section 351 is connected with the second fixing section 352 through an arc connecting section 354.
  • the curved plate-like structure not only enables the reinforcing member 35 to have a relatively simple structure to simplify the manufacturing process and reduce manufacturing costs, but also makes it easier to avoid features during structural design, and at the same time increases the rigidity and strength of the reinforcing member 35 itself .
  • the first fixed section 351 is fixedly connected to the hinge reinforcement plate 32 and the door inner panel 31 through three-layer plate spot welding
  • the second fixed section 352 is connected to the window
  • the guide rail 33 is fixedly connected by two-layer plate spot welding
  • the third fixing section 353 is fixedly connected with the outer waistline reinforcing plate 34 by two-layer plate spot welding.
  • the hinge reinforcement plate 32 , the window guide rail 33 , and the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34 are sequentially along the thickness direction of the door inner panel 31 (that is, transverse to the door inner panel 31 ). Spaced out.
  • the hinge reinforcement plate 32 , the window guide rail 33 , and the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34 are spaced apart in sequence in the lateral direction, the stress generated by fixing the exterior rearview mirror 20 can not only be vertically transmitted to the bottom of the water tangent line 311 , It can also be transmitted in the lateral direction, so that the stress can be distributed more evenly, thereby improving the rigidity and strength of the mounting assembly 30 .
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line B-B shown in Fig. 4a in an embodiment of the installation assembly of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention.
  • at least one first reinforcing protrusion 312 protruding away from the hinge reinforcement plate 32 and spaced apart from each other is formed on the inner panel 31 of the vehicle door to strengthen the interior of the vehicle door.
  • the number of the first reinforcing protrusions 312 can be 2, or other suitable numbers more or less than 2, such as 1, 3 and so on.
  • At least one second reinforcing protrusion 322 is formed on the hinge reinforcing plate 32 to protrude oppositely to each first reinforcing protrusion 312 , so that each first reinforcing protrusion 312 and the corresponding second reinforcement protrusion 322 enclose a reinforcement cavity.
  • the reinforced cavity includes a first reinforced cavity 323a and a second reinforced cavity 323b spaced apart from each other.
  • the first reinforced cavity 323a and the second reinforced cavity 323b are configured to extend approximately in the vertical direction and pass through the extension line of the water tangent 311, that is, the first reinforced cavity 323a and the second reinforced cavity 323b
  • the second reinforcement cavity 323b intersects the extension line of the water tangent line 311 in the vertical direction to further enhance the rigidity and strength of the door inner panel 31 and the hinge reinforcement panel 32 and prolong their service life.
  • the vertical central extension direction of the first reinforcement cavity 323a and the second reinforcement cavity 323b is clamped by the water tangent 311 to form an angle range greater than or equal to 10°.
  • the vertical central extension direction of the first reinforcement cavity 323a and the second reinforcement cavity 323b is clamped by the water tangent 311 to form an angle range greater than or equal to 15°. Furthermore, the vertical center extension direction of the first reinforcement cavity 323 a and the second reinforcement cavity 323 b is clamped by the water tangent 311 to form an angle ranging from 30° to 120°.
  • the first reinforcing cavity 323a has a first length L1 and a first width W1; the second reinforcing cavity 323b has a second length L2 and a second width W2. Within the range allowed by the size, the first length L1 and the first width W1, as well as the second length L2 and the second width W2 are as large as possible, and a smooth transition is formed between each part of each reinforced cavity to prevent stress concentrated.
  • the installation assembly 30 of the present invention only includes the door inner panel 31 , the hinge reinforcement panel 32 , the outer waistline reinforcement panel 34 , and the reinforcement member 35 , ie does not include the window guide rail 33 .
  • the door inner panel 31 has a water tangent line 311 extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • the hinge reinforcement plate 32 is fixed on the door inner panel 31 .
  • a predetermined installation area 321 where the exterior rearview mirror 20 can be fixed is formed on the hinge reinforcement plate 32 .
  • the outer waistline reinforcing plate 34 is fixed on the door inner panel 31 and is located below the water tangent line 311 .
  • the reinforcement 35 is fixedly connected to the hinge reinforcement 32 and the outer waistline reinforcement 34 , so that the stress generated by fixing the exterior rearview mirror 20 can be transmitted to the lower side of the water tangent 311 through the reinforcement 35 . It should be pointed out that the configurations of the parts not described in this embodiment may be the same as those in any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the present invention selects one of the embodiments and compares it with the installation assembly in the prior art experiment.
  • the installation assembly 30 of the present invention includes components such as the door inner panel 31, the hinge reinforcement plate 32, the window guide rail 33, the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34, and the reinforcement 35, and is mounted on the door inner panel 31 and the hinge reinforcement plate 32.
  • a first reinforced cavity 323a and a second reinforced cavity 323b are formed.
  • the comparison installation assembly does not include the reinforcement 35, and the comparison installation assembly does not include the first reinforcement cavity 323a and the second reinforcement cavity 323b (that is, the door inner panel 31 does not include the first reinforcement protrusion 312, and the hinge reinforcement Plate 32 also does not include second reinforcing protrusions 322).
  • the installation assembly 30 of the present invention is provided with 4 rearview mirror mounting holes, namely the first rearview mirror mounting hole 3211, the second rearview mirror mounting hole 3211, and the second rearview mirror mounting hole.
  • the contrast installation assembly only includes 3 rearview mirror mounting holes, respectively with the first rearview mirror mounting hole 3211, the second rearview mirror mounting hole
  • the mirror installation hole 3212 and the third rearview mirror installation hole 3213 are arranged in the same position. Except for the above differences, the installation assembly 30 of the present invention and the comparison installation assembly have the same configuration of other components, and the test conditions are also the same.
  • mode is the natural vibration characteristic of the structural system, each mode has specific modal parameters such as natural frequency, damping ratio and mode shape, these modal parameters can be obtained by calculation or experimental analysis .
  • Static stiffness is the ability of a structure to resist deformation under specific static disturbances. It is generally measured by the degree of deformation of the structure under static load, and its value can be obtained through experiments.
  • the static stiffness of the fourth rearview mirror mounting hole 3214 is 249N/mm, which is greater than the static stiffness of each rearview mirror mounting hole in the comparison mounting assembly. Therefore, in one or more embodiments, when the mounting assembly 30 of the present invention includes the first rearview mirror installation hole, the third rearview mirror installation hole, and the fourth rearview mirror installation hole, not only the rigidity can be satisfied and strength requirements, so that the exterior rearview mirror 20 is firmly fixed on the rearview mirror mounting hole, and each rearview mirror mounting hole can be arranged above the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34 to avoid the outer waistline reinforcement plate 34, etc. parts, thereby improving assembly efficiency.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及外后视镜的安装总成、车门和车辆。该安装总成包括：车门内板，所述车门内板具有沿其纵向延伸的水切线；铰链加强板，所述铰链加强板固定在所述车门内板上，在所述铰链加强板上形成有可适于固定所述外后视镜的预定安装区域，所述预定安装区域定位成靠近所述水切线；外腰线加强板，所述外腰线加强板固定在所述车门内板上并位于所述水切线的下方；和加强件，所述加强件分别与所述铰链加强板和所述外腰线加强板形成固定连接，使得固定所述外后视镜产生的应力可通过所述加强件向所述水切线的下方传导。通过采用上述的安装总成，本发明车门和车辆可以防止外后视镜安装后在车辆使用过程中产生抖动和异响，进而提升了用户的驾乘体验。

Description

外后视镜的安装总成、车门和车辆
优先权要求
本申请要求以下中国发明专利申请的优先权：2021年11月22日提交的、申请号为“202111389099.5”的中国发明专利申请。该申请的内容通过引用全部结合到本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆技术领域，具体地涉及外后视镜的安装总成、车门、和车辆。
背景技术
随着生活水平的不断提高，汽车已经成为人们最重要的出行工具之一。汽车通常是指由动力(例如燃油、混合动力、纯电动等)驱动、具有4个或4个以上车轮的非轨道承载的车辆，其主要作用包括代步、载人和运输等。汽车给人们的出行带来了便利、舒适和安全，同时也促进了产业的发展，加快了经济的提升，改变了人们的生活方式。
后视镜是汽车的重要部件，它可以辅助驾驶员获取汽车后方、侧方和下方等外部信息，对安全驾驶起着举足轻重的作用。按照安装位置的不同，可以将后视镜分为外后视镜、内后视镜和下后视镜等多种类型。其中，外后视镜一般安装在汽车左右两侧的前车门上，驾驶员可以借助外后视镜方便地观察到汽车周围的环境。
目前，现有技术中的外后视镜通常安装在前车门的三角窗区域(即前车门上靠近A柱的大致三角形的区域)或者直接固定在前车门的门板上。由于三角窗区域面积较小，钣金结构的刚性和强度较差，导致外后视镜安装在三角窗区域上时容易产生抖动和异响，极大地降低了用户的使用体验。虽然前车门门板的整体刚性和强度较好，但是为了使驾驶员能够获得较为开阔的视野，外后视镜通常被布置在靠近前车门的水切线位置(即前车门门板的上边缘处)，使得当外后视镜装配在靠近水切线 的位置上时，车门门板在由于外后视镜向外延伸所导致的力臂的作用下极易产生变形，特别是近年来为了赋予后视镜更多的功能而不断增加其内部部件，导致后视镜的重量越来越重。因此，即使将外后视镜固定在前车门门板上，外后视镜也存在抖动和异响的风险。
本领域需要一种新的技术方案来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有技术中外后视镜易产生抖动和异响的技术问题，本发明提供一种外后视镜的安装总成。该安装总成包括：车门内板，所述车门内板具有沿其纵向延伸的水切线；铰链加强板，所述铰链加强板固定在所述车门内板上，在所述铰链加强板上形成有可适于固定所述外后视镜的预定安装区域；外腰线加强板，所述外腰线加强板固定在所述车门内板上并位于所述水切线的下方；和加强件，所述加强件分别与所述铰链加强板和所述外腰线加强板形成固定连接，使得固定所述外后视镜产生的应力可通过所述加强件向所述水切线的下方传导。
在本发明外后视镜的安装总成中，包括车门内板、铰链加强板、外腰线加强板、和加强件。车门内板具有沿其纵向延伸的水切线。铰链加强板固定在车门内板上。在铰链加强板上形成有可适于固定外后视镜的预定安装区域(即，外后视镜可固定在铰链加强板上)。外腰线加强板固定在车门内板上并位于水切线的下方。加强件分别与铰链加强板和外腰线加强板形成固定连接，使得固定外后视镜产生的应力可通过加强件向水切线的下方传导。通过设置加强件，并且通过将加强件分别与铰链加强板和外腰线加强板形成固定连接，本发明外后视镜的安装总成可以将外后视镜固定在铰链加强板上时产生的应力从铰链加强板沿竖向向下传导给加强件，并通过加强件传导至外腰线加强板上，使得原本集中在铰链加强板上的应力能够均匀地分散到外腰线加强板等部件上，从而降低了铰链加强板上的应力。因此，外后视镜可以更加牢固地固定在铰链加强板上，有效减少产生抖动和异响的可能性，并且提升了用户的使用体验。进一步地，由于固定外后视镜产生的应力可以通过加强件向水切 线的下方传导，而不是集中在靠近水切线的位置，可以增强整个安装总成的刚性和强度，延长使用寿命。相应地，在满足刚性和强度的情况下，加工安装总成的材质也可适当降低，从而降低制造成本。另外，由于本发明外后视镜的安装总成通过增加单独的加强件来改善预定安装区域的刚性和强度，而无需改变车门内板、铰链加强板和外腰线加强板等部件的结构，因此本发明外后视镜的安装总成的适配性也明显提高。
在上述外后视镜的安装总成的优选技术方案中，所述安装总成还包括车窗导轨，所述车窗导轨沿所述车门内板的竖向延伸到所述水切线的下方，并且分别与所述铰链加强板和所述加强件形成固定连接。通过将沿竖向延伸的车窗导轨也配置成分别与铰链加强板和加强件形成固定连接，使得固定外后视镜产生的应力还可以从车窗导轨沿竖向向下传导给加强件，从而增加了应力传导的路径，增强了应力分散的效果。
在上述外后视镜的安装总成的优选技术方案中，所述铰链加强板、所述车窗导轨、和所述外腰线加强板沿着所述车门内板的厚度方向依次间隔开。通过上述的设置，使得固定外后视镜产生的应力还可以沿横向于车门内板的方向(即车门内板的厚度方向)进行传导，传递分散到外腰线加强板，从而能够进一步分散应力。
在上述外后视镜的安装总成的优选技术方案中，所述加强件为弯曲的板状结构，所述板状结构具有与所述铰链加强板相抵靠的第一固定段、与所述车窗导轨相抵靠的第二固定段、和与所述外腰线加强板相抵靠的第三固定段。通过上述的配置，可以使加强件具有相对简单的结构，易于加工。另外，弯曲的板状结构，不仅可以在结构设计时更易于作特征避让，而且也可以增加自身的刚性和强度。
在上述外后视镜的安装总成的优选技术方案中，所述第一固定段与所述铰链加强板和所述车门内板通过三层板点焊方式固定到一起，所述第二固定段与所述车窗导轨通过两层板点焊方式固定到一起，并且所述第三固定段与所述外腰线加强板通过两层板点焊方式固定到一起。通过上述的设置，可以使加强件与铰链加强板、车门内板、车窗导轨、和外腰线加强板等部件都形成牢固的固定连接，使外后视镜的安装总成具有稳定且牢固的结构。
在上述外后视镜的安装总成的优选技术方案中，在所述预定安装区域内形成有彼此间隔的多个后视镜安装孔。在预定安装区域内设置彼此间隔的多个后视镜安装孔，可以方便地装配外后视镜。
在上述外后视镜的安装总成的优选技术方案中，每个所述后视镜安装孔位于所述外腰线加强板的上方。每个后视镜安装孔布置在外腰线加强板的上方，可以使后视镜方便地装配到预定安装区域内，防止外腰线加强板等部件影响后视镜的装配，提升装配效率。
在上述外后视镜的安装总成的优选技术方案中，在所述车门内板上形成有朝向远离所述铰链加强板的方向突起且彼此间隔的至少一个第一加强凸起，并且在所述铰链加强板上形成有与每个所述第一加强凸起相对且反向突起的至少一个第二加强凸起，使得每个所述第一加强凸起和对应的所述第二加强凸起围成加强腔体。通过上述设置，可以提高车门内板和铰链加强板的刚性和强度。
在上述外后视镜的安装总成的优选技术方案中，所述加强腔体配置成沿竖向延伸并穿过所述水切线的延长线。加强腔体沿竖向延伸并穿过水切线的延长线，可以进一步加强车门内板和铰链加强板上的刚性和强度，延长其使用寿命。
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有技术中外后视镜易产生抖动和异响的技术问题，本发明还提供一种车门。该车门包括：外后视镜；和根据上面任一项所述的外后视镜的安装总成，并且所述外后视镜安装在所述外后视镜的安装总成的预定安装区域内。通过采用上面任一项所述的外后视镜的安装总成，本发明车门可以将固定外后视镜产生的应力分散到水切线的下方，从而有效防止外后视镜安装后在车辆使用过程中产生抖动和异响。
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有技术中外后视镜易产生抖动和异响的技术问题，本发明还提供一种车辆。该车辆包括上面所述的车门。通过采用本发明车门，本发明车辆可以有效防止外后视镜安装后(特别是在车辆高速行驶时)产生抖动和异响，进而提升用户的驾乘体验。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明车辆的实施例的结构示意图；
图2是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例的结构示意图；
图3是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例的爆炸图；
图4a是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例的从外向内看的正视图；
图4b是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例的从内向外看的正视图；
图5是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例中沿图4a所示的A-A剖面线获得的剖视图；
图6是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例中沿图4a所示的B-B剖面线获得的剖视图；
图7是本发明外后视镜的安装总成中加强件的实施例的结构示意图。
附图标记列表：
1、车辆；10、车门、101、前车门；1011、三角窗区域；1012、门板；10121、外水切结构；1013、车窗玻璃；102、后车门；20、外后视镜；30、安装总成；31、车门内板；311、水切线；312、第一加强凸起；32、铰链加强板；321、预定安装区域；3211、第一后视镜安装孔；3212、第二后视镜安装孔；3213、第三后视镜安装孔；3214、第四后视镜安装孔；322、第二加强凸起；323a、第一加强腔体；323b、第二加强腔体；33、车窗导轨；331、升降槽；34、外腰线加强板；35、加强件；351、第一固定段；352、第二固定段；353、第三固定段；354、弧形连接段。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、 “右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，还可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
为了解决现有技术中外后视镜安装易抖动和异响的技术问题，本发明提供一种外后视镜20的安装总成30。该安装总成30包括：车门内板31，车门内板31具有沿其纵向延伸的水切线311；铰链加强板32，铰链加强板32固定在车门内板31上，在铰链加强板32上形成有可适于固定外后视镜20的预定安装区域321，预定安装区域321定位成靠近水切线311；外腰线加强板34，外腰线加强板34固定在车门内板31上并位于水切线311的下方；和加强件35，加强件35分别与铰链加强板32和外腰线加强板34形成固定连接，使得固定外后视镜20产生的应力可通过加强件35向水切线311的下方传导。
在本文中，除非有明确相反的表述，术语“纵向”是指当车辆水平放置时沿车身前后延伸的方向，术语“横向”是指当车辆水平放置时沿车身左右延伸的方向，术语“竖向”是指当车辆水平放置时沿车身上下延伸的方向。
图1是本发明车辆的实施例的结构示意图。如图1所示，在一种或多种实施例中，本发明车辆1为轿车。替代地，该车辆1也可为MPV(即多用途汽车)、SUV(即越野车)或者其它合适的车辆。该车辆1可以是燃油轿车、混合动力轿车或者纯电动轿车。
如图1所示，该车辆1具有车门10。在一种或多种实施例中，车门10包括位于车身前部的前车门101和位于车身后部的后车门102。其中，前车门101包括分别布置在车身的左右两侧且彼此相对的两个前车门 101，后车门102包括分别布置在车身的左右两侧且彼此相对的两个后车门102。替代地，车门10也可仅包括前车门101。在一种或多种实施例中，前车门101为无框车门(即无窗框)。替代地，前车门101也可为有框车门(即有窗框)。前车门101具有门板1012和形成在门板1012的上方并靠近车辆1的A柱的三角窗区域1011。门板1012上设置有大致沿其纵向延伸的外水切结构10121，使得车窗玻璃1013在升降过程中可切去玻璃外表面上的水滴、水雾和灰尘等杂质，同时还可起到美观的作用。
继续参见图1，在每个前车门101上设置有外后视镜20，并且在每个前车门101的内部设有可固定外后视镜20的安装总成30(参见图2)。在一种或多种实施例中，外后视镜20安装在三角窗区域1011内。替代地，外后视镜20也可安装在门板1012上并位于外水切10121的下方。在一种或多种实施例中，外后视镜20具有手动调节的功能。替代地，外后视镜20也可具有自动调节、电动折叠、后视镜加热、倒车自动下翻中的一种或多种功能，以提高用户的使用体验。
下面基于图2-图7详细介绍本发明外后视镜20的安装总成30的实施例。
图2是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例的结构示意图；图3是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例的爆炸图；图4a是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例的从外向内看的正视图；图4b是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例的从内向外看的正视图。如图2-图4b所示，在一种或多种实施例中，本发明安装总成30包括车门内板31、铰链加强板32、车窗导轨33、外腰线加强板34、和加强件35等部件。
继续参见图2-图4b，在一种或多种实施例中，车门内板31采用镀锌钢板或者其它合适的金属材质通过辊压工艺加工而成。车门内板31具有大致沿其纵向延伸的水切线311。在水切线311的位置处设有内水切结构(图中未示出)，使得车窗玻璃1013在升降过程中可切去玻璃内表面的水滴、水雾和灰尘等杂质，同时还可起到美观的作用。车门内板31形成在门板1012的内侧上。在前车门101为有框车门(即有窗框)的情况下，车门内板31可与前车门101的窗框一体冲压成型。替代地，前车门101 的窗框也可与车门内板31分别制造，再通过焊接或者螺钉等固定方式连接。
继续参见图2-图4b，在一种或多种实施例中，铰链加强板32采用镀锌钢板或者其它合适的金属材料通过冲压工艺加工而成。铰链加强板32固定在车门内板31的上部。优选地，铰链加强板32通过电阻点焊(即，Resistance Spot Welding)工艺与车门内板31形成固定连接，使得铰链加强板32和车门内板31之间形成牢固且稳定的固定连接。替代地，铰链加强板32也可通过其它合适的方式固定在车门内板31上，例如采用螺钉固定方式。在铰链加强板32上设有用于固定外后视镜20的预定安装区域321，并且预定安装区域321靠近水切线311。在一种或多种实施例中，预定安装区域321位于铰链加强板32的靠近前车门101的三角窗区域1011的位置处。
在一种或多种实施例中，在预定安装区域321内设有彼此间隔开的3个后视镜安装孔。这3个后视镜安装孔分别为第一后视镜安装孔3211、第二后视镜安装孔3212、和第三后视镜安装孔3213。第一后视镜安装孔3211和第三后视镜安装孔3213都位于外腰线加强板34的上方，而第二后视镜安装孔3212的位置低于外腰线加强板34的上边缘并且远离强度较弱的三角窗区域1011，因此可获得较强的静刚度。第一后视镜安装孔3211、第二后视镜安装孔3212、和第三后视镜安装孔3213呈大致三角形排布，以便牢固地固定外后视镜20。在替代的实施例中，在预定安装区域321内也设有彼此间隔开的3个后视镜安装孔。这3个后视镜安装孔分别为第一后视镜安装孔3211、第三后视镜安装孔3213、和第四后视镜安装孔3214。第一后视镜安装孔3211、第三后视镜安装孔3213、和第四后视镜安装孔3214均布置在外腰线加强板34的上方，使得在装配外后视镜20时可以不受外腰线加强板34、车门外板等部件的阻挡方便地装配到相应的后视镜安装孔上，从而提升装配效率(需要指出的是，车门外板和外腰线加强板34在竖直方向上的高度大致相同)。另外，第一后视镜安装孔3211、第三后视镜安装孔3213、和第四后视镜安装孔3214也呈大致三角形排布，以便牢固地固定外后视镜20。在另一替代实施例中，后视镜安装孔的数量设置成4个，即包括第一后视镜安装孔3211、第二 后视镜安装孔3212、第三后视镜安装孔3213、和第四后视镜安装孔3214，使得固定外后视镜20所产生的应力可以分散地更加均匀，以确保外后视镜20的紧固程度。
需要指出的是，在车门内板31上设有可与每个后视镜安装孔相对且彼此对齐的安装孔，使得外后视镜20可通过安装件(图中未出)固定到由车门内板31和铰链加强板32连接形成的钣金结构上，以获得更加牢固且稳定的固定连接。
继续参见图2-4b，在一种或多种实施例中，车窗导轨33配置成采用镀锌钢板或者其它合适的金属材料通过冲压工艺加工而成。在车窗导轨33上形成有允许车窗玻璃1013沿竖向升降的升降槽331，使得用户可根据实际需要方便地调节车窗玻璃1013的升降。车窗导轨33大致沿竖向延伸到水切线311的下方并与铰链加强板32形成固定连接。优选地，车窗导轨33配置成通过三层板点焊方式与铰链加强板32和车门内板31一起形成固定连接，以获得牢固且稳定的连接。在一种或多种实施例中，车窗导轨33的下端(图中未示出)固定在限位器加强板(图中未示出)上，并且限位器加强板配置成固定在车门内板31上，以便使车窗导轨33与车门内板31之间形成更加牢固且稳定的连接。
继续参见图2-图4b，在一种或多种实施例中，外腰线加强板34采用镀锌钢板或者其它合适的金属材料通过冲压工艺加工而成。外腰线加强板34大致沿纵向延伸，并且位于水切线311的下方，以起到支撑和加强钣金结构的作用。在一种或多种实施例中，外腰线加强板34通过电阻点焊工艺固定在车门内板31的两个纵向端部上。替代地，外腰线加强板34也可通过其它方式固定在车门内板31上，例如采用螺钉固定方式。
图5是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例中沿图4a所示的A-A剖面线获得的剖视图；图7是本发明外后视镜的安装总成中加强件的实施例的结构示意图。如图5和图7所示，在一种或多种实施例中，加强件35采用镀锌钢板或者其它合适的金属材料通过机械加工而成。加强件35配置成弯曲的板状结构。具体地，该弯曲的板状结构具有与铰链加强板32相抵靠的第一固定段351、与车窗导轨33相抵靠的第二固定段352、和与外腰线加强板34相抵靠的第三固定段353。第一固定段351与第二 固定段352之间通过弧形连接段354相连接。弯曲的板状结构，不仅可以使加强件35具有相对简单的结构，以简化制造工艺，降低制造成本，还可以在结构设计时更易于作特征避让，同时可以增加加强件35自身的刚性和强度。
如图5所示，在一种或多种实施例中，第一固定段351与铰链加强板32和车门内板31通过三层板点焊方式形成固定连接，第二固定段352与车窗导轨33通过两层板点焊方式形成固定连接，并且第三固定段353与外腰线加强板34通过两层板点焊方式形成固定连接。通过上述的设置，可以使加强件35与铰链加强板32、车门内板31、车窗导轨33和外腰线加强板34之间形成牢固的固定连接，从而使安装总成30具有稳定的结构。
继续参见图5，在一种或多种实施例中，铰链加强板32、车窗导轨33、和外腰线加强板34沿车门内板31的厚度方向(即横向于车门内板31)依次间隔开。通过将铰链加强板32、车窗导轨33、外腰线加强板34配置成沿横向依次间隔开，可以使固定外后视镜20产生的应力不仅能够沿竖向传导至水切线311的下方，还能够沿横向传导，使得应力能够更加均匀地分散，从而提高安装总成30的刚性和强度。
图6是本发明外后视镜的安装总成的实施例中沿图4a所示的B-B剖面线获得的剖视图。如图6所示，在一种或多种实施例中，在车门内板31上形成有朝向远离铰链加强板32的方向突起且彼此间隔的至少一个第一加强凸起312，以增强车门内板31的刚性和强度。第一加强凸起312的数量可以是2个，或者比2个多或少的其它合适的数量，例如1个、3个等。在一种或多种实施例中，在铰链加强板32上形成有与每个第一加强凸起312相对且反向突起的至少一个第二加强凸起322，使得每个第一加强凸起312和对应的第二加强凸起322围成加强腔体。在一种或多种实施例中，加强腔体包括彼此间隔开的第一加强腔体323a和第二加强腔体323b。在一种或多种实施例中，第一加强腔体323a和第二加强腔体323b均配置成大致沿竖向方向延伸并穿过水切线311的延长线，即第一加强腔体323a和第二加强腔体323b在竖向上均与水切线311的延长线相交，以进一步提升车门内板31和铰链加强板上32的刚性和强度，延长其使 用寿命。在一种或多种实施例中，第一加强腔体323a和第二加强腔体323b在竖向上的中心延伸方向与水切线311夹持所形成的角度范围为大于等于10°。进一步地，第一加强腔体323a和第二加强腔体323b在竖向上的中心延伸方向与水切线311夹持所形成的角度范围为大于等于15°。更进一步地，第一加强腔体323a和第二加强腔体323b在竖向上的中心延伸方向与水切线311夹持所形成的角度范围为30°-120°。在一种或多种实施例中，第一加强腔体323a具有第一长度L1和第一宽度W1；第二加强腔体323b具有第二长度L2和第二宽度W2。在尺寸允许的范围内，第一长度L1和第一宽度W1，以及第二长度L2和第二宽度W2都尽量做大，并且每个加强腔体的各个部分之间形成圆滑过渡，以防止应力集中。
在一种或多种实施例中，本发明安装总成30仅包括车门内板31、铰链加强板32、外腰线加强板34、和加强件35等部件，即不包括车窗导轨33。车门内板31具有沿纵向延伸的水切线311。铰链加强板32固定在车门内板31上。在铰链加强板32上形成有可固定外后视镜20的预定安装区域321。外腰线加强板34固定在车门内板31上并位于水切线311的下方。加强件35分别与铰链加强板32和外腰线加强板34形成固定连接，使得固定外后视镜20产生的应力可通过加强件35传导至水切线311的下方。需要指出的是，该实施例中未表述的部分可与上面任一所述实施例中配置相同，在此不再赘述。
为了验证本发明外后视镜20的安装总成30对整车模态和后视镜安装孔静刚度的影响，本发明选取了其中一个实施例与现有技术中的安装总成进行了对比实验。其中，本发明安装总成30包括车门内板31、铰链加强板32、车窗导轨33、外腰线加强板34、和加强件35等部件，并且在车门内板31和铰链加强板32上形成第一加强腔体323a和第二加强腔体323b。对比安装总成中不包括加强件35，并且对比安装总成中不包括第一加强腔体323a和第二加强腔体323b(即车门内板31不包括第一加强凸起312，并且铰链加强板32也不包括第二加强凸起322)。此外，为了验证布置位置对后视镜安装孔静刚度的影响，本发明安装总成30设置了4个后视镜安装孔，即第一后视镜安装孔3211、第二后视镜安装孔3212、第三后视镜安装孔3213、和第四后视镜安装孔3214，而对比安装 总成仅包括3个后视镜安装孔，分别与第一后视镜安装孔3211、第二后视镜安装孔3212、和第三后视镜安装孔3213的布置位置相同。除上述区别以外，本发明安装总成30和对比安装总成的其它部件配置形同，并且试验条件也相同。
需要指出的是，“模态”是结构系统的固有振动特性，每一个模态具有特定的固有频率、阻尼比和模态振型等模态参数，这些模态参数可以由计算或试验分析取得。“静刚度”是结构在特定的静态激扰下抵抗变形的能力，一般用结构的在静载荷作用下的变形程度来衡量，其数值可通过实验获得。
表1外后视镜的安装总成机械性能的对比实验结果
Figure PCTCN2023070359-appb-000001
从表1可知，通过采用本发明外后视镜20的安装总成30，本发明车辆1的整车模态提高了9.25％，使得整车的结构更加稳定。另外，第一后视镜安装孔、第二后视镜安装孔、第三后视镜安装孔的静刚度均有不同程度的提升，且增幅较大(最小增幅37.26％，最大增幅为85.23％)。
继续参见表1，第四后视镜安装孔3214的静刚度为249N/mm，大于对比安装总成中每个后视镜安装孔的静刚度。因此，在一种或多种实施例中，当本发明安装总成30包括第一后视镜安装孔、第三后视镜安装孔、和第四后视镜安装孔时，不仅能够满足刚性和强度要求，使外后视镜20牢固地固定在后视镜安装孔上，而且每个后视镜安装孔均可布置在外腰线加强板34的上方，以避让外腰线加强板34等部件，从而提高装配效率。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于 这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种外后视镜的安装总成，其特征在于，所述安装总成包括：
    车门内板，所述车门内板具有沿其纵向延伸的水切线；
    铰链加强板，所述铰链加强板固定在所述车门内板上，在所述铰链加强板上形成有可适于固定所述外后视镜的预定安装区域，所述预定安装区域定位成靠近所述水切线；
    外腰线加强板，所述外腰线加强板固定在所述车门内板上并位于所述水切线的下方；和
    加强件，所述加强件分别与所述铰链加强板和所述外腰线加强板形成固定连接，使得固定所述外后视镜产生的应力可通过所述加强件向所述水切线的下方传导。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的外后视镜的安装总成，其特征在于，所述安装总成还包括车窗导轨，所述车窗导轨沿所述车门内板的竖向延伸到所述水切线的下方，并且分别与所述铰链加强板和所述加强件形成固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的外后视镜的安装总成，其特征在于，所述铰链加强板、所述车窗导轨、和所述外腰线加强板沿着所述车门内板的厚度方向依次间隔开。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的外后视镜的安装总成，其特征在于，所述加强件为弯曲的板状结构，所述板状结构具有与所述铰链加强板相抵靠的第一固定段、与所述车窗导轨相抵靠的第二固定段、和与所述外腰线加强板相抵靠的第三固定段。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的外后视镜的安装总成，其特征在于，所述第一固定段与所述铰链加强板和所述车门内板通过三层板点焊方式固定到一起，所述第二固定段与所述车窗导轨通过两层板点焊方式固定到一 起，并且所述第三固定段与所述外腰线加强板通过两层板点焊方式固定到一起。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的外后视镜的安装总成，其特征在于，在所述预定安装区域内形成有彼此间隔的多个后视镜安装孔。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的外后视镜的安装总成，其特征在于，每个所述后视镜安装孔都位于所述外腰线加强板的上方。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的外后视镜的安装总成，其特征在于，在所述车门内板上形成有朝向远离所述铰链加强板的方向突起且彼此间隔的至少一个第一加强凸起，并且在所述铰链加强板上形成有与每个所述第一加强凸起相对且反向突起的至少一个第二加强凸起，使得每个所述第一加强凸起和对应的所述第二加强凸起围成加强腔体。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的外后视镜的安装总成，其特征在于，所述加强腔体配置成沿竖向延伸并穿过所述水切线的延长线。
  10. 一种车门，其特征在于，所述车门包括：
    外后视镜；和
    根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的外后视镜的安装总成，并且所述外后视镜安装在所述外后视镜的安装总成的预定安装区域内。
  11. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括权利要求10所述的车门。
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