WO2023085638A1 - 안전성이 향상된 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
안전성이 향상된 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023085638A1 WO2023085638A1 PCT/KR2022/016119 KR2022016119W WO2023085638A1 WO 2023085638 A1 WO2023085638 A1 WO 2023085638A1 KR 2022016119 W KR2022016119 W KR 2022016119W WO 2023085638 A1 WO2023085638 A1 WO 2023085638A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- secondary battery
- lithium secondary
- group
- lini
- Prior art date
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 LiB10Cl 10 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 6
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methacrylate group Chemical group C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical class C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCCS1(=O)=O PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910012201 LiNi0.3Mn1.7O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002099 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910011328 LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910011726 LiNi0.7Mn1.3O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910015872 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004862 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- KQDVLNCURDMGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].CCOC(=O)CC Chemical compound [Li].CCOC(=O)CC KQDVLNCURDMGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- RDOGTTNFVLSBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluoro-3-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(F)=C1F RDOGTTNFVLSBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYIOFABFKUOIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound CC=1OC(=O)OC=1C QYIOFABFKUOIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGGVALXERJRIRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-2-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)O MGGVALXERJRIRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical group COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery with improved safety.
- secondary batteries have been widely applied not only to small devices such as portable electronic devices, but also to medium and large devices such as battery packs or power storage devices of hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles.
- secondary batteries include non-aqueous electrolyte batteries such as lithium ion batteries, lithium batteries, lithium ion capacitors, and sodium ion batteries.
- lithium ion batteries include a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium, and a negative electrode capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium. It is used by injecting an electrolyte solution into a battery cell including an anode containing an active material.
- an organic solvent in which lithium salt is dissolved is used as an electrolyte solution, and it is important in determining the stability and performance of a lithium secondary battery.
- LiPF 6 which is commonly used as a lithium salt of an electrolyte, reacts with an electrolyte solvent to promote solvent depletion and generate HF.
- the HF generated in this way not only generates a large amount of gas under high temperature conditions, but also can elute metal ions from the cathode active material. Since it causes degradation, etc., there is a problem of deteriorating the performance of the battery as well as the lifespan and high-temperature safety.
- an object of the present invention is to form a film on the surface of the electrode to reduce the precipitation of metal ions on the surface of the electrode, thereby suppressing the generation of gas under high temperature conditions, while developing a technology that can improve the OCV drop of the battery is providing
- the present invention in one embodiment, the present invention
- An electrode assembly including a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and
- non-aqueous organic solvents lithium salt
- electrolyte solution composition comprising an electrolyte solution additive for a secondary battery containing a compound represented by Formula 1 below;
- a lithium secondary battery comprising:
- R 1 is each independently a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or ego,
- R 2 is each independently hydrogen, an acrylate group or a methacrylate group
- R 3 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- a is an integer from 1 to 10;
- the R 1 is each independently a single bond, a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, or ego,
- R 3 is a single bond or an ethylene group, and a may be an integer of 1 to 5.
- the compound represented by Formula 1 may be any one or more compounds of the following ⁇ Formula 1> to ⁇ Formula 8>:
- the compound represented by Formula 1 may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition.
- electrolyte composition may further include a compound represented by Formula 2 below:
- R 4 is independently an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or ego
- R 5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 6 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- b is an integer from 1 to 10;
- the compound represented by Formula 2 may include a compound represented by Formula 3 below:
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition.
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB10Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , CH 3 SO 3 Li and (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 It may include one or more selected from the group consisting of NLi.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, gamma-butyrolactone, 1,2-dimethoxy ethane, tetra Hydroxy franc, 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, 1,3-dioxorane, formamide, dimethylformamide, dioxorane, acetonitrile, nitromethane, methyl formate, methyl acetate, phosphoric acid Triesters, trimethoxy methane, dioxolane derivatives, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, propylene carbonate derivatives, tetrahydrofuran derivatives, ethers, methyl propionate and propionic acid may contain ethyl.
- the positive electrode may include at least one positive electrode active material among lithium metal oxides represented by Formula 4 and Formula 5 below:
- M 1 is W, Cu, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, In, Ta, Y, La, Sr, Ga, Sc, Gd, Sm, Ca, Ce, Nb, Mg, B, and At least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo,
- M 2 is Ni, Co or Fe
- p 0.05 ⁇ p ⁇ 0.6.
- the cathode active material is LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 , LiNi 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.1 Al 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 Al 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.7 Mn 1.3 O 4 , LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 and LiNi 0.3 Mn 1.7 O 4 It may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of there is.
- the negative electrode material is composed of a negative electrode active material including a carbon material and a silicon material
- the silicon material is selected from among silicon (Si), silicon carbide (SiC) and silicon oxide (SiO q , where 0.8 ⁇ q ⁇ 2.5). One or more may be included.
- the silicon material may be included in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material.
- the secondary battery according to the present invention uses an additive of a specific component in a non-aqueous electrolyte together with a cathode active material containing high concentrations of nickel and/or manganese to uniformly form a film on the surface of the electrode when the battery is activated, resulting in a large amount of Generation of gas can be prevented, and since metal ions are eluted from the electrode to increase resistance and decrease in capacity of the cell, it is possible to effectively prevent battery performance and high-temperature safety.
- the term "comprises” or “has” is intended to designate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features It should be understood that the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.
- a part such as a layer, film, region, plate, etc. when a part such as a layer, film, region, plate, etc. is described as being “on” another part, this includes not only the case where it is “directly on” the other part, but also the case where another part is present in the middle thereof. . Conversely, when a part such as a layer, film, region, plate, or the like is described as being “under” another part, this includes not only being “directly under” the other part, but also the case where there is another part in the middle. In addition, in the present application, being disposed “on” may include the case of being disposed not only on the upper part but also on the lower part.
- 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight or more, 70% by weight or more, 80% by weight or more, 90% by weight or more, or 95% by weight or more of the components defined with respect to the total weight of "including as a main component” can mean including
- “comprising graphite as a main component as a negative electrode active material” means that 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight or more, 70% by weight or more, 80% by weight or more, 90% by weight or more, or 95% by weight or more of graphite with respect to the total weight of the negative electrode active material It may mean that it contains more than weight%, and in some cases, it may mean that the entire negative electrode active material is composed of graphite and includes 100% by weight of graphite.
- An electrode assembly including a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and
- non-aqueous organic solvents lithium salt
- electrolyte solution composition comprising an electrolyte solution additive for a secondary battery containing a compound represented by Formula 1 below;
- a lithium secondary battery comprising:
- R 1 is each independently a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or ego,
- R 2 are each independently hydrogen, an acrylate group or a methacrylate group
- R 3 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- a is an integer from 1 to 10;
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the lithium salt-containing non-aqueous electrolyte composition of the present invention described above.
- the positive electrode includes lithium metal oxide containing nickel and / or manganese in high concentration / high content as a positive electrode active material, and the electrolyte composition contains an electrolyte solution additive of a specific component to prevent the generation of a large amount of gas under high temperature conditions.
- the electrolyte composition contains an electrolyte solution additive of a specific component to prevent the generation of a large amount of gas under high temperature conditions.
- metal ions are eluted from the electrode to effectively prevent an increase in cell resistance and a decrease in capacity, the performance and high-temperature safety of the battery can be effectively improved.
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode composite material layer prepared by applying, drying, and pressing a positive electrode active material on a positive electrode current collector, and may optionally further include a conductive material, a binder, and other additives as needed.
- the positive electrode active material is a material that can cause an electrochemical reaction on the positive electrode current collector, and is one of lithium metal oxides represented by Chemical Formulas 4 and 5 capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions. May include more than:
- M 1 is W, Cu, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, In, Ta, Y, La, Sr, Ga, Sc, Gd, Sm, Ca, Ce, Nb, Mg, B, and At least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo,
- M 2 is Ni, Co or Fe
- p 0.05 ⁇ p ⁇ 0.6.
- Lithium metal oxides represented by Chemical Formulas 4 and 5 are materials containing high amounts of nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn), respectively, and can stably supply electricity of high capacity and/or high voltage when used as a cathode active material.
- a high charging potential of about 4.0V or more is required to form a film on the surface of the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode during activation of the secondary battery.
- conventional positive electrode active materials having a charging potential of less than 4.0V, such as iron phosphate the lithium metal oxide Since they have a high charging potential of about 4.0 V or more, it may be easy to form a film on the electrode.
- the lithium metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 4 is LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 , LiNi 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.1 Al 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 Al 0.1 O 2 , and the like
- the lithium metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 5 is LiNi 0.7 Mn 1.3 O 4 ; LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 ; LiNi 0.3 Mn 1.7 O 4 and the like may be included, and these may be used alone or in combination.
- the positive electrode current collector one having high conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery may be used.
- stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, etc. may be used, and aluminum or stainless steel may be surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, or the like.
- the average thickness of the current collector may be appropriately applied in the range of 3 to 500 ⁇ m in consideration of the conductivity and total thickness of the anode to be manufactured.
- the negative electrode like the positive electrode, includes a negative electrode mixture layer prepared by applying, drying, and pressing a negative electrode active material on a negative electrode current collector, and may optionally further include a conductive material, a binder, and other additives as needed. there is.
- the anode active material may include a carbon material and a silicon material.
- the carbon material refers to a material containing carbon atoms as a main component, and the carbon material is selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, expanded graphite, non-graphitizable carbon, carbon black, acetylene black, and ketjen black It may include one or more species that are.
- the silicon material means a material containing silicon atoms as a main component, and the silicon material includes silicon (Si), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon monoxide (SiO) or silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) alone or or can be used in combination.
- silicon monoxide (SiO) and silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) as the silicon (Si)-containing material are uniformly mixed or composited and included in the negative electrode mixture layer, they are formed as silicon oxide (SiO q , 0.8 ⁇ q ⁇ 2.5).
- the silicon material may be included in 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material, specifically 3 to 10% by weight; 8 to 15% by weight; 13 to 18% by weight; or 2 to 8% by weight.
- the present invention can maximize the energy density of the battery by adjusting the content of the silicon material in the above content range.
- the anode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and has high conductivity.
- copper, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, etc. may be used, and copper
- surface treatment with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc. may be used.
- the average thickness of the anode current collector may be appropriately applied in the range of 1 to 500 ⁇ m in consideration of the conductivity and total thickness of the anode to be manufactured.
- the separator interposed between the anode and cathode of each unit cell is an insulating thin film having high ion permeability and mechanical strength, and is not particularly limited as long as it is commonly used in the art, but is specifically chemical-resistant and hydrophobic polypropylene. ; polyethylene; Polyethylene-propylene copolymers containing at least one polymer may be used.
- the separator may have the form of a porous polymer substrate such as a sheet or nonwoven fabric containing the above-described polymer, and in some cases may have the form of a composite separator coated with organic or inorganic particles on the porous polymer substrate with an organic binder. may be In addition, the separator may have an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m and an average thickness of 5 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the secondary battery includes, as an electrolyte, the above-described non-aqueous electrolyte composition according to the present invention.
- the electrolyte composition may be a non-aqueous electrolyte composition, and may be a liquid electrolyte having a configuration including a lithium salt and an electrolyte solution additive in a non-aqueous organic solvent.
- the electrolyte solution additive includes a compound represented by Formula 1 below:
- R 1 is each independently a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or ego,
- R 2 are each independently hydrogen, an acrylate group or a methacrylate group
- R 3 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- a is an integer from 1 to 10;
- the compound represented by Formula 1 includes a mother nucleus having a structure in which an acrylate group is bonded to two or more oxygen atoms in phosphate through an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain and/or an alkylene glycol unit, thereby forming a positive and/or negative electrode upon activation of a secondary battery.
- An organic and/or inorganic film may be uniformly formed on the surface.
- R 1 is each independently a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or ego,
- R 2 are each independently hydrogen, an acrylate group or a methacrylate group
- R 3 is a single bond, a methylene group or an ethylene group
- a may be an integer from 1 to 10.
- R 1 is each independently a single bond, a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, or ego,
- R 3 is a single bond or an ethylene group
- a may be an integer from 1 to 5.
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 may be any one or more compounds of the following ⁇ Formula 1> to ⁇ Formula 8>:
- the electrolyte additive includes a mother nucleus having a structure in which an acrylate group is bonded to two or more oxygen atoms among oxygen atoms of phosphate through an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain and/or an alkylene glycol unit, so that when a battery is activated, even at a low potential
- an inorganic film can be uniformly formed on the surface of the negative electrode through a reduction reaction, and at the same time, an inorganic film can be uniformly formed through an oxidation reaction on the surface of the positive electrode.
- the compound represented by Formula 1 may be included in a specific amount in the electrolyte solution composition. Specifically, the compound represented by Formula 1 may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition, and more specifically, 0.05 to 3% by weight, 0.5 to 2.5% by weight, or 0.5 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition. 2.0% by weight or 0.7 to 1.8% by weight. According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent a decrease in capacity due to an increase in battery resistance at a high temperature due to the use of an excess amount of an electrolyte solution additive outside the above range. In addition, the present invention can prevent the effect of the additive from being implemented insignificantly due to the use of a small amount of the electrolyte solution additive outside the above range.
- electrolyte solution composition may further include a compound represented by Formula 2 together with an electrolyte solution additive represented by Formula 1:
- R 4 is independently an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or ego
- R 5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 6 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- b is an integer from 1 to 10;
- R 4 is independently a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group or ego,
- R 5 is independently hydrogen, a methyl group or an ethyl group
- R 6 is independently a single bond or a methylene group
- b is an integer from 1 to 4.
- the compound represented by Formula 2 may include a compound represented by Formula 3 below:
- the compound represented by Formula 2 includes a double bond at the terminal and participates in the formation of a film on the surface of the electrode when the battery is activated together with the electrolyte additive, thereby suppressing metal elution generated from the cathode active material, and containing a phosphate group and an amide group. Battery durability and electrical performance can be improved at high temperatures.
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 may be included in a specific amount in the electrolyte solution composition.
- the compound represented by Formula 2 may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition, and more specifically, 0.05 to 3% by weight, 0.1 to 1% by weight, or 0.3 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition. 0.8% by weight.
- the present invention can prevent the effect of the additive from being implemented insignificantly due to the use of a small amount of the electrolyte solution additive outside the above range.
- the lithium salt used in the electrolyte composition may be applied without particular limitation as long as it is used in a non-aqueous electrolyte in the art.
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB10Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , CH 3 SO 3 Li and (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 It may include one or more selected from the group consisting of NLi.
- the concentration of these lithium salts is not particularly limited, but the lower limit of the appropriate concentration range is 0.5 mol/L or more, specifically 0.7 mol/L or more, more specifically 0.9 mol/L or more, and the upper limit is 2.5 mol/L or more. It is the range of L or less, specifically, 2.0 mol/L or less, and more specifically, 1.5 mol/L or less.
- concentration of the lithium salt is less than 0.5 mol/L, there is a possibility that the cycle characteristics and output characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery may decrease due to a decrease in ionic conductivity.
- the concentration of the lithium salt exceeds 2.5 mol / L, the viscosity of the electrolyte for non-aqueous electrolyte battery increases, so there is a possibility that the ion conductivity is also reduced, and the cycle characteristics and output characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery may be reduced.
- the liquid temperature may rise due to the heat of dissolution of the lithium salt.
- the temperature of the non-aqueous organic solvent is significantly increased due to the heat of dissolution of the lithium salt, in the case of the lithium salt containing fluorine, decomposition is accelerated and hydrogen fluoride (HF) may be generated.
- Hydrogen fluoride (HF) is undesirable because it causes deterioration in battery performance.
- the temperature at which the lithium salt is dissolved in the non-aqueous organic solvent is not particularly limited, but may be adjusted to -20 to 80 °C, specifically 0 to 60 °C.
- non-aqueous organic solvent used in the electrolyte composition may be applied without particular limitation as long as it is used in a non-aqueous electrolyte in the art.
- examples of the non-aqueous organic solvent include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and gamma-butyrolactone.
- An aprotic organic solvent such as a derivative, ether, methyl propionate or ethyl propionate may be used.
- non-aqueous solvent used in this invention may be used individually by 1 type, and may mix and use two or more types in arbitrary combinations and ratios according to a use.
- propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and ethylmethyl carbonate are particularly preferred. desirable.
- the electrolyte composition may further include additives in addition to the basic components described above.
- additives generally used in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution of the present invention may be added in any proportion. Specifically, prevention of overcharge of cyclohexylbenzene, biphenyl, t-butylbenzene, vinylene carbonate, vinylethylene carbonate, difluoroanisole, fluoroethylene carbonate, propanesultone, succinonitrile, dimethylvinylene carbonate, etc.
- a compound having an effect, a negative electrode film-forming effect, and a positive electrode protective effect is exemplified.
- non-aqueous electrolyte battery called a lithium polymer battery
- LiPF 6 as a lithium salt was dissolved at a concentration of 1M in a solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) were mixed in a 3:7 volume ratio, and the electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1 and the compound represented by Formula 3 were added to the total weight of the electrolyte As shown in Table 1 below, a non-aqueous electrolyte composition was prepared by dissolving to a weight.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- EMC ethylmethyl carbonate
- LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.05 Al 0.05 O 4 having a particle size of 5 ⁇ m was prepared, and N-methyl pyrrolidone was mixed with polyvinylidene fluoride as a carbon-based conductive agent and binder in a weight ratio of 94:3:3. (NMP) to form a slurry, cast on a thin aluminum plate, dry in a vacuum oven at 120° C., and then rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- a negative electrode active material in which artificial graphite and silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) are mixed in a weight ratio of 9:1 is prepared, and 97 parts by weight of the negative electrode active material and 3 parts by weight of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) are mixed with water to form a slurry. Then, it was cast on a thin copper plate, dried in a vacuum oven at 130° C., and then rolled to prepare a negative electrode.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- a separator made of 18 ⁇ m polypropylene was interposed between the obtained positive and negative electrodes, inserted into a case, and then, as shown in Table 2 below, the electrolyte composition (5 ml) prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 12 was injected to form a pouch.
- a 2.1Ah class small lithium secondary battery was manufactured.
- Electrolyte composition type Example 1 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 1
- Example 2 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 2
- Example 3 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 3
- Example 4 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 4
- Example 5 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 5
- Example 6 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 6
- Example 7 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 7
- Example 8 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 8
- Example 10 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 10
- Example 11 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 11
- Example 12 Electrolyte composition of Preparation Example 12
- Example 1 Except for using an electrolyte solution in which LiPF 6 as a lithium salt was dissolved at a concentration of 1M in a solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) were mixed in a 3:7 volume ratio without an electrolyte additive, Example 1 and A lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- EMC ethylmethyl carbonate
- the activation charge/discharge of each secondary battery is performed twice at 0.2C/0.5C
- the standard charge/discharge current density is 0.5C/0.2C
- the charge end voltage is 4.8V (Li/graphite)
- the discharge A charge/discharge experiment with a termination voltage of 3.0 V (Li/graphite) was performed once each.
- the battery was fully charged at 4.2V of 0.33C, and the resistance and capacity of the battery were measured at intervals of 2 weeks while being stored at a high temperature of 60°C.
- the battery was charged to a full state and stored. Based on the measured resistance and capacity of the battery, the amount of change based on the initial resistance and initial capacity of the battery was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.
- Each secondary battery manufactured in Examples and Comparative Examples was stored at 60° C. for 12 weeks, and the amount of gas generated from the battery was analyzed at 2-week intervals. Specifically, the activation charge/discharge of each secondary battery is performed twice at 0.2C/0.5C, the standard charge/discharge current density is 0.5C/0.2C, the charge end voltage is 4.8V (Li/graphite), and the discharge A charge/discharge experiment with a termination voltage of 3.0 V (Li/graphite) was performed once each.
- Example 1 2955 ⁇ l 5.79% 94.60%
- Example 2 2530 ⁇ l -0.43% 95.58%
- Example 3 2511 ⁇ l -0.39% 95.62%
- Example 4 2327 ⁇ l -0.53% 95.06%
- Example 5 2321 ⁇ l -1.85% 94.18%
- Example 6 3003 ⁇ l 6.07% 94.03%
- Example 7 2936 ⁇ l -0.34%
- Example 8 2932 ⁇ l 2.7% 94.35%
- Example 9 2546 ⁇ l -0.35% 94.61%
- Example 10 2523 ⁇ l -3.12% 93.99%
- Example 11 2485 ⁇ l -0.42% 95.70%
- Example 12 2350 ⁇ l -0.46% 95.78% Comparative Example 1 3269 ⁇ l 8.89% 94.14%
- the secondary batteries of the examples include an electrolyte solution composition including a compound represented by Formula 1 as an electrolyte additive together with a cathode active material containing a high amount of nickel, so that electrical performance and safety at high temperatures can be seen.
- the amount of gas was significantly less, the increase in resistance of the battery was small, and the capacity retention rate was high even when exposed to high temperature conditions.
- the secondary battery according to the present invention uniformly forms a film on the surface of the electrode when the battery is activated by using an additive of a specific component in a non-aqueous electrolyte together with a cathode active material containing high concentration of nickel and/or manganese, It is possible to prevent the generation of a large amount of gas under the condition and effectively prevent the elution of metal ions from the electrode to increase the resistance of the cell and decrease the capacity, thereby effectively improving the performance and high-temperature safety of the battery. .
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Abstract
Description
단위: 중량% | 화학식 1의 화합물 | 화학식 3의 화합물 사용량 | |
종류 | 함량 | ||
제조예 1 | 0.1 | - | |
제조예 2 | 0.5 | - | |
제조예 3 | 1 | - | |
제조예 4 | 2 | - | |
제조예 5 | 5 | - | |
제조예 6 | 0.1 | - | |
제조예 7 | 0.5 | - | |
제조예 8 | 1 | - | |
제조예 9 | 2 | - | |
제조예 10 | 5 | - | |
제조예 11 | 1 | - | |
제조예 12 | 1 | 0.5 |
전해액 조성물 종류 | |
실시예 1 | 제조예 1의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 2 | 제조예 2의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 3 | 제조예 3의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 4 | 제조예 4의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 5 | 제조예 5의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 6 | 제조예 6의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 7 | 제조예 7의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 8 | 제조예 8의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 9 | 제조예 9의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 10 | 제조예 10의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 11 | 제조예 11의 전해액 조성물 |
실시예 12 | 제조예 12의 전해액 조성물 |
가스 발생량 | 저항 증가율 | 용량 유지율 | |
실시예 1 | 2955㎕ | 5.79% | 94.60% |
실시예 2 | 2530㎕ | -0.43% | 95.58% |
실시예 3 | 2511㎕ | -0.39% | 95.62% |
실시예 4 | 2327㎕ | -0.53% | 95.06% |
실시예 5 | 2321㎕ | -1.85% | 94.18% |
실시예 6 | 3003㎕ | 6.07% | 94.03% |
실시예 7 | 2936㎕ | -0.34% | 94.45% |
실시예 8 | 2932㎕ | 2.7% | 94.35% |
실시예 9 | 2546㎕ | -0.35% | 94.61% |
실시예 10 | 2523㎕ | -3.12% | 93.99% |
실시예 11 | 2485㎕ | -0.42% | 95.70% |
실시예 12 | 2350㎕ | -0.46% | 95.78% |
비교예 1 | 3269㎕ | 8.89% | 94.14% |
Claims (13)
- 제1항에 있어서,화학식 1로 나타내는 화합물은 전해액 조성물 전체 중량에 대하여 0.01 내지 5 중량%로 포함되는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제5항에 있어서,화학식 4로 나타내는 화합물은 전해액 조성물 전체 중량에 대하여 0.01 내지 3 중량%로 포함되는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,리튬염은 LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB10Cl10, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, LiCF3CO2, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiAlCl4, CH3SO3Li 및 (CF3SO2)2NLi으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,비수계 유기 용매는 N-메틸-2-피롤리디논, 에틸렌 카보네이트, 프로필렌 카보네이트, 부틸렌 카보네이트, 디메틸 카보네이트, 디에틸 카보네이트, 감마-부틸로락톤, 1,2-디메톡시 에탄, 테트라히드록시 프랑(franc), 2-메틸 테트라하이드로푸란, 디메틸설폭사이드, 1,3-디옥소런, 포름아미드, 디메틸포름아미드, 디옥소런, 아세토니트릴, 니트로메탄, 포름산 메틸, 초산메틸, 인산 트리에스테르, 트리메톡시 메탄, 디옥소런 유도체, 설포란, 메틸 설포란, 1,3-디메틸-2-이미다졸리디논, 프로필렌 카보네이트 유도체, 테트라하이드로푸란 유도체, 에테르, 피로피온산 메틸 및 프로피온산 에틸을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,양극은 하기 화학식 4 및 화학식 5로 나타내는 리튬 금속 산화물 중 1종 이상의 양극활물질을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지:[화학식 4]Lix[NiyCozMnwM1 v]O2[화학식 5]LiM2 pMn(2-p)O4상기 화학식 4 및 화학식 5에서,M1은 W, Cu, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, In, Ta, Y, La, Sr, Ga, Sc, Gd, Sm, Ca, Ce, Nb, Mg, B, 및 Mo로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상의 원소이고,x, y, z, w 및 v는 각각 1.0≤x≤1.30, 0.5≤y<1, 0<z≤0.3, 0<w≤0.3, 0≤v≤0.1이되, y+z+w+v=1이고,M2는 Ni, Co 또는 Fe이며,p는 0.05≤p≤0.6이고,
- 제10항에 있어서,양극활물질은 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2, LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2, LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.1Al0.1O2, LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.15Al0.05O2, LiNi0.7Co0.1Mn0.1Al0.1O2, LiNi0.7Mn1.3O4, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 및 LiNi0.3Mn1.7O4으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,음극은 탄소 물질 및 규소 물질을 포함하는 음극활물질로 구성되고,상기 규소 물질은 규소(Si), 탄화규소(SiC) 및 산화규소(SiOq, 단, 0.8≤q≤2.5) 중 1종 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제12항에 있어서,규소 물질은 음극활물질 전체 중량에 대하여 1 내지 20 중량%로 포함되는 리튬 이차전지.
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