WO2023067290A1 - Systeme d'aspiration efficace des poussieres d'une machine electrique tournante en environnement pollue - Google Patents
Systeme d'aspiration efficace des poussieres d'une machine electrique tournante en environnement pollue Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023067290A1 WO2023067290A1 PCT/FR2022/052001 FR2022052001W WO2023067290A1 WO 2023067290 A1 WO2023067290 A1 WO 2023067290A1 FR 2022052001 W FR2022052001 W FR 2022052001W WO 2023067290 A1 WO2023067290 A1 WO 2023067290A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- slot
- suction
- gas
- chamber
- suction system
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/28—Cooling of commutators, slip-rings or brushes e.g. by ventilating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/46—Auxiliary means for improving current transfer, or for reducing or preventing sparking or arcing
- H01R39/48—Auxiliary means for improving current transfer, or for reducing or preventing sparking or arcing by air blast; by surrounding collector with non-conducting liquid or gas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
- H02K13/10—Arrangements of brushes or commutators specially adapted for improving commutation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/38—Brush holders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of brush holders and more particularly to brush holders for rotating electrical machines.
- a brush-holder device is a set of elements used to hold in place and guide a brush of a rotating electrical machine, for example a motor or a generator.
- a brush usually made of graphite, ensures the transmission of electrical power between a mobile element and a fixed element.
- the purpose of the brush holder device is to keep the brush in contact with the moving surface of the rotating electrical machine, for example a commutator or a ring, by exerting a certain pressure on this brush.
- the pressure is provided through an elastic device such as a spring.
- dust is generated due to the friction of the brush against the moving element. This dust is likely to lead to a degradation of the surface condition of the commutator or of the ring and/or mechanical jamming and/or electrical insulation faults.
- Suction systems for this dust have thus been developed, such as that described in document EP2532078B1 filed by the applicant, which comprises a guide device arranged so as to concentrate a flow of air generated by the suction system at proximity of the brush end in contact with the rotating element.
- This guide device defines a suction chamber partially surrounding the brush on the side of its end in contact with the rotating element of the machine.
- Other vacuum systems inject air near the end of the broom.
- the slot through which the air is blown is therefore oriented towards the opening of the suction chamber and consequently towards the housing receiving the brush (this housing being surrounded by the suction chamber).
- This blown air creates a flow that sucks in the surrounding air, thereby improving dust collection while preventing particles from dispersing outside the system, as shown by the flow circulation shown in Figure 6 of this document.
- suction systems thus have the drawback of also sucking in part of the air surrounding the broom.
- due to their use in the immediate vicinity of a mobile element it is not possible to produce a mechanical seal between the chambers or suction ducts of these systems and the surrounding air.
- some systems such as that described in the document US2018083511 A1, suck in the surrounding air in order to operate.
- this surrounding air can be loaded with pollutants which can degrade the suction system, in particular clog the filters and/or settle on the surfaces with the dust to the point of causing clogging of the system.
- the solutions proposed for effective dust evacuation are few.
- One solution is to isolate the compartment containing the moving surface of the rotating machine and the broom, or even the entire machine, by means of a protective box and to install a "push-pull" type suction system. which injects clean air inside the compartment and sucks it out of it.
- Another solution consists in installing a dust extraction system but with the risk of clogging described above and of degradation of the machine, which requires regular maintenance.
- regular maintenance consisting of cleaning dust and pollutants deposited on the machine.
- a first object of the invention relates to a suction system intended to suck dust generated by a brush rubbing on a rotating element of a rotating electrical machine without sucking in the surrounding air, the system comprising: a through housing extending along a guide direction and capable of receiving a broom or a broom holder along said guide direction, a suction chamber having an opening intended to face the rotating element, said opening extending over at least a portion from the periphery of a lower end of the housing intended to be positioned opposite the rotating element, a gas ejection device comprising at least one slot opening out from the side of the lower end of the housing, the at least one slot extending around the lower end of the housing over at least part of the periphery of the latter and around at least part of the opening of the suction chamber and the at least one slot being configured to direct a flow of gas exiting through the at least one slot in a direction away from the opening of the suction chamber.
- direction away from the opening of the suction chamber is meant a direction which deviates from the opening of the suction chamber, in other words, which is not directed towards the latter.
- the gas exiting through the at least one slot is not directed towards the housing intended to receive the brush but in a direction opposite to this housing.
- this ejection of the gas is obtained by the at least one slot oriented in a direction which deviates from the suction opening, in particular oriented in a direction opposite to this opening.
- a median direction of the at least one slot, in particular as defined below, deviates from the suction opening, in particular is directed in a direction opposite to this opening.
- the suction system of the invention in a polluted environment, in particular by water or oily vapors or even by particles generated in the environment of the machine, by limiting, or even eliminating, the risks of clogging.
- This surrounding air can thus be defined as the air located around the suction system, with the exception of the air located opposite the opening of the suction chamber.
- the housing of the suction system according to the invention is capable of receiving a broom or a broom holder in the direction of the guide.
- the article “one” must here be understood as meaning “at least one”.
- the housing of the suction system according to the invention is capable of receiving at least one broom or at least one broom holder in the direction of the guide.
- the housing may in particular be capable of receiving one, two or more brushes, or one, two or more brush holders.
- each brush or brush support extends along said guide direction.
- the housing of the suction system according to the invention is capable of receiving a single broom or a single broom support in the direction of the guide.
- the suction system comprises “a housing”.
- the article “one” must here be understood as meaning “at least one”.
- the suction system can comprise at least one housing each receiving one or more brushes or brush holders.
- the housings may extend along distinct guide directions and the opening of the suction chamber extends over at least part of the periphery of the lower ends of the housings intended to be positioned facing the rotating element.
- the suction system may comprise at least one housing receiving at least one broom or broom holder.
- the suction system may comprise a single housing receiving a single broom or broom holder.
- the broom is not part of the suction system, but that the housing of the latter is intended to receive the broom when it is used in a rotating electrical machine.
- the suction system according to the invention is intended to suck up dust generated by a broom rubbing on a rotating element of a rotating electrical machine, this suction is carried out by the suction chamber, the device for ejection of gas partially isolating the suction chamber from the air located around the suction system thanks to the air ejected through the at least one slot oriented in a direction away from the opening of the chamber suction.
- the rotating element and the rotating electrical machine do not form part of the suction system according to the invention.
- a rotating electric machine comprising at least one brush rubbing on a rotating element, can be equipped with at least one suction system according to the invention (a suction system for one or more brushes).
- the at least one slot extends over at least a portion of the periphery of the end of the housing.
- the at least one slot may extend in a privileged manner on an upstream side of the housing with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotary element when the suction system is mounted on the electric machine, and on the adjacent lateral sides housing.
- the at least one slot can extend over at least part of the periphery of the housing over which the opening of the suction chamber extends, in other words along this opening.
- the slot or slots of the gas ejection device extend around the entire periphery of the lower end of the housing.
- the slot or slots then entirely surround the opening of the suction chamber, for better insulation of the latter from the surrounding air.
- the through-housing of the suction system allows easy mounting and guiding of the broom, either by positioning the broom directly inside the housing, the latter then forming part of a broom holder, or by positioning a broom, also called cage, inside the housing.
- the housing may thus have a shape complementary to a broom or a broom support, typically a parallelepipedic shape.
- the housing may in particular be formed by walls which form part of the suction chamber or which are secured thereto.
- the guide direction of the housing may correspond to a radial direction of the rotating element when the suction system is mounted on the rotating electric machine, this radial direction passing through a central point of a lower opening of the housing intended to be positioned opposite the rotating element when the suction system according to the invention is mounted on the electric machine.
- the guide direction can comprise a radial component (the guide direction then forms an angle with the radial direction previously defined in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotary element).
- the opening of the suction chamber may extend over the entire periphery of the lower end of the housing or over only part of it.
- this opening may extend over at least part of three sides of the housing when the latter has a parallelepipedic shape, generally on one side intended to be positioned downstream of the brush with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotary element, and on the two adjacent lateral sides.
- the at least one slot may be defined by an inner side surface and an outer side surface arranged opposite each other. The width of the slot thus corresponds to the distance separating these inner and outer side surfaces.
- the at least one slot in order to keep the gas exiting through the at least one slot away from the opening of the suction chamber and of the housing, the at least one slot can be configured, in particular oriented, so that, over the entire length of the at least one slot, in each plane perpendicular to the inner and outer side surfaces of the at least one slot and parallel to a radial direction of the rotating member passing through a central point of a lower opening of the housing when the suction system is mounted on the electric machine, an angle a formed between a direction parallel to the radial direction and a middle direction of the slot is (in absolute value) from 0° to 90°-phi, optionally from 1° to 50°-phi, this middle slot direction being defined as a straight line median of two segments formed by the intersection of said plane with the inner and outer side surfaces of the slot, phi (cp) denoting an angle less than or equal to the angle between the direction parallel to the radial direction and the median direction of the slot , having for example a value of 0° to 25°
- the angle a can advantageously be from 1° to 45° or even from 15° to 45°, advantageously from 20° to 45°, more preferably from 20° to 40°, or in any interval defined by two of these limits, preferably greater than or equal to 1°, in particular not zero. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the angle a can be at least 5°, advantageously at most 15°, 20°, 40° or 45°.
- this angle phi corresponds to the angle formed between the direction parallel to the radial direction and an outer side surface defining the suction chamber.
- this angle phi is zero on the lateral sides of the suction chamber and non-zero on the upstream and/or downstream side of the suction chamber.
- the at least one slot is thus configured, in particular oriented, so that, in each plane as previously defined, the angle formed between the outer lateral surface of the suction chamber aspiration and the median direction of the slot is from 0° to 90°, optionally from 1° to 50°, in particular non-zero.
- each of the first and second angles is (in absolute value), independently, from 0° to 90°-phi, optionally 0° to 45°-phi, phi (cp) being less than or equal to each of the first and second angles, and is for example 0° to 25°.
- each angle pi, pe can be, independently, from 0° to 90°, advantageously from 1° to 45° or even from 15° to 45°, advantageously from 20° to 45°, more preferably from 20° at 40°, or in any interval defined by two of these limits, preferably greater than or equal to 1°, in particular not zero.
- Each of the angles pi and pe may independently be 0° to 90°, preferably 0° to 45°, preferably 1° to 45°, more preferably 5° to 30° or within any other defined range by two of these limits, preferably non-zero.
- the angle pi can be from 5° to 90°, advantageously from 5° to 45°, preferably from 5° to 30°, or in any other interval defined by two of these limits, and the angle ⁇ e is then from 0° to 90°, advantageously from 5° to 45°, preferably from 5° to 30°, or in any other interval defined by two of these limits, preferably not zero .
- the at least one slot can thus be configured, in particular oriented, so that, in each plane as previously defined, the angle a formed between the outer lateral surface and the median direction of the slot is from 0° to 90°, optionally from 1° to 50°.
- the angle a can advantageously be from 1° to 45° or even from 15° to 45°, advantageously from 20° to 45°, more preferably from 20° to 40°, or in any interval defined by two of these limits, preferably greater than or equal to 1°, in particular not zero.
- the angle a can be at least 5°, advantageously at most 15°, 20°, 40° or 45°.
- first and second angles pi, pe previously defined can then be defined no longer with respect to the direction parallel to the radial direction, but with respect to the outer side surface of the suction chamber, their respective values being then as mentioned above but without subtracting the value of the angle phi.
- the median direction Dm of a slot as defined above thus corresponds to the direction of the gas flow exiting the slot.
- the radial direction Ar corresponds to a direction of the suction system which is defined as a straight line perpendicular to a plane defined by the opening of the suction chamber (for example a plane containing at least two opposite edges of this opening) and passing through the center C of this opening.
- This direction of the suction system can thus be confused with the direction D1 of the housing when the angle phi is zero or be inclined with respect to it when the angle phi is not zero.
- this direction of the suction system is generally a median of the guiding directions of the housings. The various aforementioned angles can thus be defined with respect to this direction of the suction system when the suction system is not mounted on a rotating electrical machine.
- the at least one slot may have a width of 0.1 to 20 mm, advantageously from 0.2 to 5 mm or even from 0.2 to 2 mm or in any interval defined by two of these limits. Such widths can facilitate the formation of a gas curtain with an appropriate gas volume flow. This width of the at least one slot may be constant over the entire length of the slot or vary continuously or not.
- the at least one slot may in particular have a variable width along its length and/or at least two separate slots may have different widths, which may make it possible to obtain a volume flow rate of gas that is substantially constant over the entire length of the the slot(s).
- a part of the at least one slot closest to a gas inlet orifice supplying the at least one slot may be less wide than the rest of the at least one slot and/or a adjacent slot.
- part of the at least one slot closest to a gas suction port of the suction chamber may be wider than the rest of the at least one slot and/or than an adjacent slot.
- the gas ejection device may have a single slot or two or more slots arranged in the extension of one another (end to end). In the latter case, this can make it possible to reinforce the structure of the ejection device, the separations between the slots serving as points of reinforcement. However, these separations are preferably short enough for a gas exiting through these slits to form a continuous or substantially continuous gas curtain along the slits despite the presence of these separations.
- the sum of the distances separating two adjacent slots can be from 0.1 to 5% of the sum of the lengths of the slots, advantageously from 0.5 to 1.5% or in any interval defined by two of these limits.
- the gas ejection device may comprise at least one gas inlet port in fluid communication with the at least one slot.
- this gas inlet orifice may be connected to a gas inlet system, via a flexible or rigid pipe.
- This gas admission system may in particular comprise a source of gas (reservoir, network or surrounding air) and a device for regulating the pressure or the flow rate of gas injected into the at least one slot.
- This regulating device can comprise a compressor, a fan, a pneumatic network, a regulating valve, or several of these elements.
- the intake system may further include a gas filtration system.
- the gas ejection device may include a gas inlet chamber fluidly connected to the at least one slot and to the at least one gas inlet port.
- This gas inlet chamber can then serve as a gas reservoir. It can make it possible to ensure a slight overpressure of gas constantly, thus facilitating the regulation of the volume flow rate of gas ejected by the slot.
- the inlet chamber may be adjacent to the suction chamber and extend, at least in part, along an outer side wall of the suction chamber and/or the along an upper wall of the suction chamber.
- the suction chamber may have at least one gas suction port for connection to a suction unit via a flexible or rigid pipe.
- a suction unit is a device for generating a suction flow of air.
- This suction group can be a suction group of the type used in clean rooms. We will not define this device well known to those skilled in the art any further.
- the suction system according to the invention can be made in one piece or not.
- the gas ejection device and the suction chamber may be separate parts assembled together. This assembly can result from interlocking, gluing, screwing, riveting or other.
- the production of separate parts can in particular make it possible to equip existing suction systems with a gas ejection device.
- the gas ejection device can be formed from at least two separate parts assembled together, one part defining an outer side surface of the at least one slot, and optionally at least part of the inlet chamber when present, and the other part defining an inner side surface of the at least one slot, optionally the suction chamber and/or the rest of the inlet chamber when present. This can make it possible to facilitate the production, and the assembly, of the gas ejection device.
- the suction system according to the invention can be made of an antistatic material or of any material covered with an antistatic coating.
- it can be made of a material that is electrically insulating and resistant to the heat generated by the operation of the machine.
- the material used is advantageously a non-conductive material resistant to temperatures of at least 110°C. It may for example be an acetal or polyamide resin.
- the invention also relates to a method for sucking up dust generated by a broom rubbing on a rotating element of a rotating electrical machine without sucking in the surrounding air by means of a suction system according to the invention, in which, at least during the suction of gas through the suction chamber, the at least one slot of the suction system is supplied with a volume flow rate of gas sufficient to form a curtain of gas isolating the opening of the chamber suction of surrounding air.
- the gas supplying the at least one slot is air, although an inert gas is also possible (argon, nitrogen).
- argon, nitrogen an inert gas is also possible.
- the air may then have been previously filtered.
- the at least one slot of the suction system can be supplied with gas by at least one gas inlet port or by a gas inlet chamber connected to at least one gas inlet port, as previously describe.
- the gas pressure inside the intake chamber can be higher than the gas pressure inside the suction chamber.
- this pressure difference between the two chambers may be chosen to be sufficiently high, in particular greater than or equal to a predetermined value, to prevent the surrounding air from passing through the gas curtain and reaching the opening of the suction chamber.
- a pressure difference of at least 150mbar preferably of at least 200mbar, or even of at least 250mbar can be applied, for example from 150mbar to 300mbar.
- the suction chamber pressure is negative (vacuum), while the intake chamber pressure is positive.
- a pressure difference can be applied between the interior volume of the at least one slot and the suction chamber.
- the gas laden with dust contained in the suction chamber can be sucked up by means of a suction unit and at least part, or even all, of the gas thus sucked up is used after it has passed through a filtration system. to supply the at least one slot of the suction system.
- the gas sucked in, after eliminating the dust it contains, can thus be reused to form the air curtain.
- the invention also relates to a rotating electric machine equipped with at least one suction system according to the invention, the electric machine comprising at least one brush rubbing on a rotating element.
- the at least one brush is received in the through housing of the suction system in the direction of the guide.
- the latter corresponds to the radial direction of the rotating element or is inclined with respect to the latter by the angle phi (cp).
- rotating electrical machine any device comprising at least one brush which will rub on a rotating element, in particular a DC motor, a synchronous generator, an earthing device to evacuate leakage currents, or another signal or power transfer system.
- the rotating element may be a rotor, a rotating shaft, a ring mounted on a rotating shaft, a commutator or an armature ring (“slip-ring of a winding”), Or other.
- brushes (“carbon brush” in English, this expression also covering the case of brushes not comprising carbon), or brushes (also “fiber brush” in English) mounted on a crown (also called “rocker” in English) fixed by means of brush holders, and pressed against the rotating element make it possible to ensure the transfer of the current between this rotating element and the cables connected to the brushes or to the brushes, these cables being electrically connected to a fixed element .
- the fixed element can be a stator, a fixed winding, fixed equipment electrically connected to the brush cables, or other.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents in section in a plane (Ar, At) a suction system according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 2 schematically represents the suction system of Figure 1 in section in a plane (Ar, Aa) perpendicular to the plane (Ar, At).
- Figure 3 shows a bottom view of a suction system (in a plane (Aa, At)) according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 4A [Fig. 4B] [Fig. 4C] Figures 4A-4C show cross-sectional views of various slot configurations.
- FIG. 5 Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of another slot configuration.
- FIG. 6 [Fig.7] [Fig. 8] [Fig.9] Figures 6 to 9 represent sectional views showing different relative positions of the suction and inlet chambers.
- Figure 10 shows an exploded perspective view of a suction system according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 11 [Fig. 12] Figures 11 and 12 show the gas flows of a suction system according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Substantially parallel means a direction parallel to or deviating by no more than ⁇ 20°, or even no more than ⁇ 10° or no more than ⁇ 5° from a parallel direction.
- FIGS 1 -3 show a suction system 10 intended to suck up dust generated by a broom 1 intended to rub on a rotating element 3 of a rotating electrical machine when it is mounted on the latter.
- the rotary element 3 rotates in a direction of rotation represented by the arrow F1 in the figures.
- the term “upstream and downstream sides” denotes the sides of the suction system, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the element rotary, through which enters and exits, respectively, a fixed point of the rotary element when the latter rotates.
- the upstream and downstream sides therefore respectively designate the sides of the suction system located to the left and to the right of the broom 2.
- the brush 1 is here held by a brush holder 2, generally called a brush holder cage.
- the broom 1 and its cage 2 are received in a through housing 12 of the suction system 10, this through housing 12 extending in a guide direction D1.
- this guide direction D1 may correspond to a radial direction Ar of the rotary element 3 passing through a central point C of the lower opening 13 of the housing.
- the brush 1 In the assembly position, the brush 1 is in contact with the rotating element 3 on the side of a lower end 12a of the housing. Typically, the brush 1 protrudes out of the housing 12 on the side of the lower opening 13 in the guide direction D1.
- the axis Ar thus represents the radial direction of the rotating element of the rotating machine in which the brush is mounted passing through the central point C
- the axes Aa and At define a plane perpendicular to the axis Ar and correspond to perpendicular transverse directions, the axis Aa being parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotary element 3.
- the guide direction D1 of the brush (corresponding to the axis Z in FIG. 5) is inclined with respect to the radial direction Ar in the plane (Ar, At) by an angle phi (cp ), in particular downstream with respect to the rotation of the rotary element 3.
- the suction system 10 also comprises a suction chamber 14 having an opening 15 located opposite the rotary element 3 in the mounting position of the suction system (fig. 1, 2).
- This opening 15 extends over at least part of the periphery of the lower end 12a of the housing. In the example shown in Figures 1 and 2, the opening 15 extends over the entire circumference of the housing 12.
- the opening 15, as well as the suction chamber 14, extend on a downstream side of the housing with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotary element 3 (symbolized by the arrow F1 fig. 3), and on the two adjacent lateral sides, thus forming a U-shape (in the plane (Aa, At)) open upstream with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotary element 3.
- the invention is however not limited by a particular shape of the suction chamber 14 and of the opening 15, which could have not parallelepipedic shapes as in the example, but rounded shapes (curves, ovals or rounds) in the plane (Aa, At).
- the housing 12 here has a parallelepipedal shape corresponding to a typical shape of a brush or a brush holder cage.
- the invention is however not limited to a particular shape of the housing provided that it can receive a broom or its cage, this shape being typically complementary to the shape of the broom or its cage.
- the housing 12 can be configured to receive more than one brush or more than one brush holder cage.
- the housing can then have as many guide directions as there are brushes, these guide directions being generally parallel to each other. It is also possible to provide several separate housings which are then surrounded at least in part by the opening of the suction chamber.
- the suction chamber 14 is defined by at least one exterior side surface 140 and at least one interior side surface 141, which form part of an exterior side wall 142 and an interior side wall 143, respectively.
- inner side wall 143 is closest to housing 12, outer side wall 142 is furthest from housing 12.
- These side walls 142, 143 extend substantially parallel to the guide direction D1 and are connected by an upper wall 144 on a side opposite the opening 15.
- the inner side wall 143 can define the housing 12, as seen in Figures 1 and 2.
- the outer side wall 142 here its upstream and downstream sides visible in the plan view ( Ar, At) (FIG. 2), may have a height, measured in the radial direction Ar, greater than the height of the inner side wall 143, in particular on the side of the lower end 12a of the housing, which allows the position as close as possible to the rotary element 3.
- the outer side wall 142 here its downstream side, visible in the view of the plane (Ar, At)
- this angle phi is from 0 to 25°.
- the height of the outer side wall 142 can be measured in the plane of the outer side surface 140 along a direction defined by the intersection of the plane (Ar, At) with this outer side surface 140. This inclination of an angle cp of the outer side wall 140 keeps the opening 15 of the suction chamber and the adjacent outlet of the slot close to the rotating element 3, thus improving the efficiency of the gas curtain formed as well as the dust extraction efficiency.
- the outer side wall 142 can be inclined and/or its height can be increased on its upstream and/or downstream sides, in order to be positioned as close as possible to the rotating element 3 and to follow its curvature (see figures 2 and 5).
- the distance separating the rotary element 3 from the opening 15 of the suction chamber or from the outlet orifice of the slot or slots is typically 2 mm or more, for example from 2 to 5 mm.
- the invention is however not limited by a particular shape of the suction chamber 14 nor of its opening 15, provided that these allow evacuation of the gases sucked in through the opening 15, in particular via one or more orifices of aspiration.
- the opening 15 has a width (corresponding to the distance separating the inner 141 and outer 140 side surfaces of the suction chamber 14) which varies on the periphery of the housing 12, with a width La downstream side of the opening larger on the side of the suction port 16 than the width la of the opening 15 on its lateral sides.
- the opening 15 of the suction chamber is thus wider on the ejection side of the dust. brush wear dust when the rotating element rotates, ie on the side where the quantity of dust ejected is the greatest.
- the suction chamber 14 typically includes at least one suction port 16, here only one, for connection to a suction unit 17 via a flexible or rigid pipe.
- This suction unit 17 can be equipped with a filtration system 170.
- the suction orifice 16 is extended by a pipe 16a made in one piece with the suction chamber 14 (fig. 2).
- the suction port(s) 16 are typically located on the top wall 144 of the suction chamber.
- the suction system 10 has a gas ejection device 20, generally air, comprising at least one slot 21 opening out from the side of the lower end 12a of the housing and extending around the lower end 12a of the housing over at least part of its periphery and around at least part of the opening 15 of the suction chamber, preferably over the entire circumference of the housing, as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of slots 21 a, 21 b, 21 c, 21 d, 21 e, 21 f extend in the extension of each other (end to end), all around of the lower end 12a, separated from each other by thin separations 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, 22e, 22f.
- the invention is not limited to a particular number of slots.
- each separation, or discontinuity, between two slots can have a length of 0.05 to 2 mm, advantageously from 0.1 to 1.5 mm. When several discontinuities are present, they can be of the same length.
- a percentage of discontinuities may be defined corresponding to the ratio of the total length of the discontinuities to the sum of the lengths of all the slots, which may be from 0.1% to 5%, advantageously from 0.5% to 1.5% or within any interval defined by two of these limits.
- These separations or discontinuities can advantageously be located in the immediate vicinity of the outlet orifice of the slots, and extend over the entire height of a slot or over part of this height (according to the definition given below).
- the slot or slots are configured, in particular oriented, to direct a flow of gas exiting through this or these slots in a direction D2 away from the opening 15 of the suction chamber 14.
- These slots are thus oriented in a direction moving away from the opening of the suction chamber 14, in other words in a direction opposite to this opening 15.
- a slot is a narrow and long opening, more or less deep, in other words having a greater or lesser height.
- the use of slot(s) having an orientation as previously described with respect to the opening of the suction chamber to eject gas makes it possible to create a curtain of gas (typically air) along the suction chamber. suction, preferably all around the housing 12, to isolate the suction chamber 14 from the surrounding air and the pollutants it contains.
- the gas ejection device 20 may comprise at least one gas inlet port 201 in fluid communication with the at least one slot 21 for connection to a gas inlet system 23, via a pipe flexible or rigid.
- the gas inlet orifice 201 is extended by a conduit 202.
- the gas inlet system 23 further comprises a source of gas, here the surrounding air, a device for regulating the pressure or flow rate of injected gas 230 and a filtration system 231 of the injected gas. Provision may also be made to send part or all of the air sucked in by the suction unit 17 back into the gas intake system 23, after passing through a filtration system 170 allowing it to be rid of dust, such as shown in Figure 1.
- the filtration system 170 may be connected by one or more appropriate pipes directly to the gas admission system 23 or to the pipes connecting the latter to the at least one gas ejection device slot 20.
- the suction system 10 can be made in one piece, for example by 3D printing, or in several parts, as shown in Figure 10.
- the suction system 10 is formed of three parts 101, 102, 103.
- Part 101 comprises the gas inlet 201, the conduit 202 connecting this orifice to the gas inlet chamber 24 and at least part of the inlet chamber 24.
- the conduit 202 here has a pyramidal shape.
- the portion of the part 101 corresponding to the inlet chamber 24 has the shape of a frame.
- Part 102 comprises the suction chamber 14 (and its opening 15), the suction orifice 16 and the duct 16a, also of pyramidal shape.
- the lower portion of the outer side wall 142 of the suction chamber 14 forms the inner side surface 210 of the slots 21 or 21a-21f and part of the intake chamber 24.
- Part 102 fits inside part 101, the outer side wall 142 of the suction chamber being positioned in airtight support against the inner side wall 243 of the inlet chamber 24.
- part 103 in the form of a frame, comprises the lower side wall 245 of the intake chamber and comprises a wall 104 forming the outer side surface 211 of the slots 21 or 21a-21f. Part 103 thus partially closes the intake chamber 24 and secures the three parts, for example via fixing screws 105 assembling part 103 to part 101.
- the outer side wall 242 of the inlet chamber 24 of the part 101 could form the outer side surface 211 of the slots 21 or 21a-21f.
- Parts 101 and 103 could then be mounted on parts 102 that already exist. It will be noted that the parts 101 and 103 could be integral or form a single part.
- At least one brush wear detection sensor can be integrated into the suction chamber and/or the intake chamber.
- this sensor will be positioned as close as possible to the lower end of the housing or in an upper part of it.
- Figures 1 and 2 show the directions of the circulating fluxes when the rotary element 3 of the electric machine rotates in the direction of the arrow F1.
- a suction flow generated by the suction unit 17 and symbolized by the arrows F2 sucks up the air and dust located in the immediate vicinity of the end of the broom rubbing on the rotating element 3 and evacuates them. via the suction chamber 14, the orifice 16 and its duct 16a.
- an airflow generated by the air intake system 23 is routed to the slots 21 via the intake orifice 201 and its duct 202 and the intake chamber 24. These airflows are symbolized by the arrows F3.
- Management system It is also possible to provide a management system 28 for the suction unit 17 and the gas admission system 23 configured to control the volume flow rates and/or the pressures delivered by the suction unit and the gas admission system. gas.
- This management system 28 can include calculation and transmission means such as a processor, for example a microprocessor, a microcontroller or the like.
- the means of calculation and transmission can be programmed for:
- setpoint values can in particular be calculated in order to maintain a volume flow rate of gas sufficient to form a curtain of gas isolating the opening of the suction chamber from the surrounding air, advantageously to maintain a gas pressure inside from the intake chamber higher than the gas pressure inside the suction chamber, especially with a particular pressure difference.
- These adjustment means may be devices for regulating the pressure or the flow rate of a gas.
- the management system 28 can also include monitoring means, in particular automated: of the suction unit 17 and of the intake system 23, for example a detection of filter clogging or a pressure sensor (verification that it does not there is no deviation from the set value), and/or of the rotating electrical machine, for example to monitor via sensors the temperature of the air surrounding the rotating elements, the wear of the brushes, the current flowing in brushes, starting or stopping the machine.
- monitoring means in particular automated: of the suction unit 17 and of the intake system 23, for example a detection of filter clogging or a pressure sensor (verification that it does not there is no deviation from the set value), and/or of the rotating electrical machine, for example to monitor via sensors the temperature of the air surrounding the rotating elements, the wear of the brushes, the current flowing in brushes, starting or stopping the machine.
- the management system 28 can thus be configured to control the starting and the stopping of the suction unit 17 and of the admission system 23, simultaneously or not (for example stopping of the suction system 15 minutes after the shutdown of the rotating machine then shutdown of the intake system 5 minutes later).
- a slot outlet orifice 212 will also be defined corresponding to the orifice through which a slot emerges on the side of the rotary element 3 and a slot inlet 213 through which the gas enters inside the slot. .
- FIGS. 4A to 4C and 5 Examples of possible configurations are described with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4C and 5. These embodiments apply both to a configuration having a single slot and to a configuration having two or more slots. Different slots may have different configurations. In particular, the different embodiments described below can be combined.
- each slot 21 is defined by an inner side surface 210 and an outer side surface 211 arranged facing each other.
- Inner side surface 210 is closest to housing 12, outer side surface 211 is furthest from housing 12.
- the Z direction is parallel to outer side surface 140 of the chamber aspiration.
- the reference (Z, X) is, in figure 5, inclined by the angle cp with respect to the reference (Ar, At), in the plane of (Ar, At).
- the mark (Z, X) coincides with the mark (Ar, At).
- the angle phi is generally zero, in other words, on its lateral sides (substantially parallel to the direction At), the outer lateral surface 140 of the suction chamber is parallel to the radial direction Ar (as shown in Figure 1).
- angles a, pi and pe described below as well as the median direction Dm are defined in each plane perpendicular to the inner 210 and outer 211 side surfaces and which is parallel to the radial direction Ar passing through the central point C (visible in Figures 1 -3) of the lower opening of the housing when the suction system is mounted on the electric machine.
- the angle values given are absolute values.
- This median direction Dm corresponds, in particular substantially, to the second direction D2 in which the gas is ejected at the outlet of a slot. This median direction thus corresponds to the orientation of the slot.
- angles beta i (pi) and beta e (0e) formed between the outer side surface 140 of the suction chamber and, respectively, the inner side surface 210 of slot and the outer side surface 211 of the slot.
- the angle a is thus between the angles pi and pe.
- the angle a can be from 0° to 90°, advantageously from 1° to 45° or in any interval defined by two of these limits.
- angles a, pi and pe can be equal (inner 210 and outer 211 side surfaces of the slot parallel), as shown in FIG. 4A or 5.
- the median direction Dm is then parallel to the side surfaces of the slot.
- angles pi and pe can be different as shown in Figures 4B and 4C.
- the inner 210 and outer 211 side surfaces of the slot diverge toward the exit port 212 of the slot, i.e., pi ⁇ pe.
- the gas is then ejected with a lower speed (compared to the configurations of FIGS. 4A and 4B with the same gas volume flow and the same width of the outlet orifice of the slot) but according to a cone.
- pe is at most 90°.
- Figure 5 shows a configuration similar to Figure 4A, in which the wall 140 is inclined at an angle phi with respect to the radial direction.
- the angles a, pi and pe are then defined with respect to the radial direction of the rotary element, the angle a being defined between the radial direction Ar and the median direction Dm, the angles pi and pe being defined between the radial direction Ar and, respectively, the slot inner side surface 210 and slot outer side surface 211 respectively.
- each of the angles pi and pe can indifferently and independently be from 0° to 90°, advantageously from 0° to 45°, preferably from 1° to 45°, more preferably from 5° to 30° or within any other interval defined by two of these limits, preferably non-zero.
- the angle pi can be from 5° to 90°, advantageously from 5° to 45°, preferably from 5° to 30°, or in any other interval defined by two of these limits, and the angle pe is then from 0° to 90°, advantageously from 5° to 45°, preferably from 5° to 30°, or in any other interval defined by two of these limits, preferably non-zero.
- the difference between the angles pi and pe is from 0° to 90°, advantageously from 0° to 45° or from 0° to 30°, more preferably from 0° to 10° , or is in any interval defined by two of these limits. This can make it possible to control the guidance and the outlet speed of the ejected gas in order to limit the formation of turbulence at the outlet of the slot.
- angles a, pi and pe can be as described above at any point along the length of a slot. These angles may or may not be constant over the length of the slot or slots, preferably constant. When a slot is not adjacent to the opening of the suction chamber, these angles can be defined in the frame (Ar, At) with respect to a direction parallel to the radial direction Ar passing through the central point C of the opening 13 of the housing (the value of the angle cp is then subtracted from the values above).
- the width of a slot can be defined as the distance separating its inner 210 and outer 211 side surfaces at the outlet orifice 212 of the slot (it is therefore measured in a plane perpendicular to the median direction dm).
- This width If can be chosen according to the gas pressure ejected by the slot and the gas ejection speed. Its value is typically from 0.1 to 20 mm, for example from 0.2 to 5 mm or in any interval comprised between two of these limits.
- the slot width If can thus vary from one slot to another when several slots are present and/or over the length of one or more of the slots.
- This variation can be from 0% to 200% of a nominal slot width value, advantageously from 25% to 75%, advantageously from 40% to 60%, for example 50%.
- This nominal slot width value can be from 0.1 to 20 mm and be chosen by simulations and/or tests.
- the width If' of the downstream sides (parallel to the axis Aa) of the slots 21 a and 21 f located close to a gas inlet orifice in fluid communication with all the slots is less than the width If” of the slots 21 c and 21 d located close to the orifice d gas suction.
- this variation in width is preferably progressive over the entire length of the slot.
- the width of the opening 15 of the suction chamber is typically 4 to 20mm.
- the height H of a slot measured along the median direction Dm defined above between the outlet orifice 212 of the slot and its inlet orifice 213, can advantageously be large enough to direct the ejected gas in a direction main ejection corresponding to the direction D2.
- a minimum value for the height of the slot can be 0.5 mm, a maximum value depending on the configuration of the system, in particular the position of the intake chamber when she is here.
- a slot extends in the direction Dm along a rectilinear direction between its inlet and outlet orifices.
- a slot extends along a slightly curved direction over at least part of its height and that it remains for example rectilinear in the immediate vicinity of its outlet orifice 212.
- the angles defined above are then with respect to this rectilinear part.
- This rectilinear zone in the immediate vicinity of the outlet orifice can extend over a height of at least 0.5 mm to ensure good air guidance.
- the minimum distance between the opening 15 of the suction chamber and the outlet orifice 212 of the slot in other words between the outer side surface 140 of the suction chamber and the inner side surface 210 of the slot, at level of their opening/exit orifice respectively, can be determined by means of simulations. By way of example, it may be from 0.1 to 10 mm, advantageously from 0.5 to 5 mm or in any interval defined by two of these limits.
- the opening of the at least one slot and the opening of the suction chamber are formed (in a plane perpendicular to the radial direction Ar) of rectilinear parts parallel to the sides of the housing and which extend over at least part of the periphery thereof.
- This configuration is simple to implement, one could however envisage openings formed from non-rectilinear parts.
- the slot(s) 21 of the gas ejection device can be connected directly to the gas inlet orifice 201.
- an inlet chamber 24 fluidly connected to the at least one slot and to the one or more gas inlets.
- This inlet chamber 24 can be fluidically connected directly to the inlet orifice 213 of the slot(s), as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, or else be fluidically connected to the slot(s) 21 via a conduit 26 ( Figures 1 - 7).
- Such an inlet chamber 24 serves as a reservoir, which favors the maintenance of a slight overpressure with respect to the pressure of the suction chamber 14.
- This overpressure can be obtained by a suitable shape and size of the orifices of gas inlet 201. This overpressure is represented symbolically by the signs “++” in the figures.
- the suction orifice 16 may be located on the side opposite the gas inlet orifice 201 .
- the shape of the admission chamber 24 can be arbitrary. It may have a section in the shape of a quadrilateral, for example with rounded corners, or of oval or other shape.
- the shape of the intake chamber 24 can be variable on the periphery of the housing: the different shapes of the intake chambers 24 described with reference to the figures can thus be combined.
- the intake chamber 24 is defined by at least one outer side surface 240 and at least one inner side surface 241, which respectively form part of an outer side wall 242 and an inner side wall 243.
- the inner side wall 243 is closest to housing 12, outer side wall 242 is farthest from housing 12.
- side walls 242, 243 extend substantially parallel to the radial direction Ar and are connected by an upper wall 244 d a side opposite the slot and a bottom wall 245 partially closes them at the bottom.
- the inner side wall 243 is formed by the outer side wall 142 of the suction chamber 14, the upper walls 144 and 244 of the two chambers extending in the extension of one of the other (fig. 1 ).
- the inlet chamber 24 can be positioned either laterally relative to the suction chamber, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the conduit 26 can then be omitted, or else be placed above the suction chamber ( on the side opposite the opening of the suction chamber), as represented in FIGS. 6 and 7, requiring the presence of the duct 26.
- the duct 26 and the slot 21 can then either extend along the outer side wall 142 of the suction chamber, over its entire height, as shown in Figure 6, or be formed in the thickness of this outer side wall, as shown in Figure 7.
- the inlet chamber 24 When the inlet chamber 24 is positioned above above the suction chamber 14 (in the radial direction Ar), it can partly define the housing 12, the other part of the housing being defined by the suction chamber.
- the inner side walls 143 and 243 of the two chambers then extend in the extension of one another, in the radial direction Ar in the example of FIG. 6.
- the inlet chamber 24 can be integrated into the outer side wall 142 of the suction chamber.
- the conduit 26 may then be present or not, as shown.
- the inlet chamber 24 can be of oval or circular section and surround the suction chamber 14 like an air chamber.
- conduit 26 is absent. This makes it possible to further reduce the size of the gas ejection device. The height of the admission chamber 24 can then be low. The conduit 26 thus connects the inlet chamber 24 to the slot or slots. It can have any shape in section along a plane containing the direction D1. It can thus be rectilinear, of constant section or not. Examples
- the angle phi previously described and defined is zero.
- a suction system of the type shown in Figures 3 and 10 may have the dimensions collated in Table 1 (with reference to Figure 3).
- the air curtain generated pushes back the outside air so that the latter is not sucked in.
- any pollution present in the air surrounding the suction system is not sucked in.
- a small part of the air curtain generated is sucked in, but that this part is too weak to destabilize the air curtain and carry with it the surrounding air and its pollution.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2022370300A AU2022370300A1 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2022-10-21 | Suction system for efficiently sucking up the dust of a rotating electric machine in a polluted environment |
CA3233843A CA3233843A1 (fr) | 2021-10-22 | 2022-10-21 | Systeme d'aspiration efficace des poussieres d'une machine electrique tournante en environnement pollue |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR2111250A FR3128596A1 (fr) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Systeme d’aspiration des poussieres d’une machine electrique tournante efficace en environnement pollue |
FRFR2111250 | 2021-10-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2023067290A1 true WO2023067290A1 (fr) | 2023-04-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2022/052001 WO2023067290A1 (fr) | 2021-10-22 | 2022-10-21 | Systeme d'aspiration efficace des poussieres d'une machine electrique tournante en environnement pollue |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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AU (1) | AU2022370300A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3233843A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3128596A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2023067290A1 (fr) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1005433A (en) | 1961-01-05 | 1965-09-22 | English Electric Co Ltd | Improvements relating to dynamo-electric commutator machines |
JPS6135561U (ja) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-03-05 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | 直流モ−タのブラシ冷却装置 |
JPS6135561B2 (fr) | 1977-10-27 | 1986-08-13 | Optimizer Control Corp | |
JPH05266957A (ja) * | 1992-03-16 | 1993-10-15 | Hitachi Medical Corp | スリップリング用ブラシの自動清掃機能を持つctス キャナ |
EP3073586A1 (fr) | 2015-03-23 | 2016-09-28 | ALSTOM Renewable Technologies | Systeme d'elimination par abrasion |
US20180083511A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2018-03-22 | Ge Renewable Technologies | Combined cooling and dust extrusion device and method |
EP2532078B1 (fr) | 2010-02-01 | 2019-07-03 | Mersen France Amiens SAS | Dispositif de guidage d'air dans un systeme d'aspiration pour une machine electrique tournante |
-
2021
- 2021-10-22 FR FR2111250A patent/FR3128596A1/fr active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-10-21 WO PCT/FR2022/052001 patent/WO2023067290A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-10-21 AU AU2022370300A patent/AU2022370300A1/en active Pending
- 2022-10-21 CA CA3233843A patent/CA3233843A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1005433A (en) | 1961-01-05 | 1965-09-22 | English Electric Co Ltd | Improvements relating to dynamo-electric commutator machines |
JPS6135561B2 (fr) | 1977-10-27 | 1986-08-13 | Optimizer Control Corp | |
JPS6135561U (ja) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-03-05 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | 直流モ−タのブラシ冷却装置 |
JPH05266957A (ja) * | 1992-03-16 | 1993-10-15 | Hitachi Medical Corp | スリップリング用ブラシの自動清掃機能を持つctス キャナ |
EP2532078B1 (fr) | 2010-02-01 | 2019-07-03 | Mersen France Amiens SAS | Dispositif de guidage d'air dans un systeme d'aspiration pour une machine electrique tournante |
EP3073586A1 (fr) | 2015-03-23 | 2016-09-28 | ALSTOM Renewable Technologies | Systeme d'elimination par abrasion |
US20180083511A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2018-03-22 | Ge Renewable Technologies | Combined cooling and dust extrusion device and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA3233843A1 (fr) | 2023-04-27 |
AU2022370300A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
FR3128596A1 (fr) | 2023-04-28 |
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