WO2023066310A1 - 一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备及方法 - Google Patents

一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023066310A1
WO2023066310A1 PCT/CN2022/126232 CN2022126232W WO2023066310A1 WO 2023066310 A1 WO2023066310 A1 WO 2023066310A1 CN 2022126232 W CN2022126232 W CN 2022126232W WO 2023066310 A1 WO2023066310 A1 WO 2023066310A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
derusting
rail
derusted
grinding
swing
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/126232
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨云堂
胡达
高林
陈容
马元平
李亚军
张永成
常雪莲
尹定航
Original Assignee
中铁一局集团新运工程有限公司
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Publication of WO2023066310A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023066310A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/033—Other grinding machines or devices for grinding a surface for cleaning purposes, e.g. for descaling or for grinding off flaws in the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/0076—Other grinding machines or devices grinding machines comprising two or more grinding tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
    • B24B47/12—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces by mechanical gearing or electric power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/22—Equipment for exact control of the position of the grinding tool or work at the start of the grinding operation

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of rail grinding and rust removal, and in particular relates to a rail waist rust removal device and method before rail welding.
  • Rail flash welding is the most mainstream welding method for domestic rail welding. It has a high degree of welding automation and stable joint quality.
  • domestic rail flash welding can be divided into two categories according to the working position, base welding and mobile welding: mobile welding is suitable for on-site welding operations due to its small equipment; at the same time, the rail clamping methods of mobile welding and base welding are completely different , Mobile welding adopts the method of rail waist clamping, and base welding adopts the method of rail head and rail bottom clamping up and down.
  • the two welding forms are different, they both require derusting work on the rail waist surface before welding.
  • the pre-welding derusting equipment for on-site welding must be used to derust the four rail waist surfaces of the two rails.
  • the derusting equipment often used in the construction site is composed of a diesel generator set and a plurality of rod grinding wheels, and the derusting before welding is carried out by manual operation.
  • the disadvantages of this method are: on the one hand, the operators need to bend over for a long time to polish, and are easily fatigued, so a team needs multiple operators and the efficiency is not high; on the other hand, the emission of the diesel unit has an impact on the tunnel operating environment Huge, easy to cause personal injury.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rail waist derusting equipment and method before rail welding in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art.
  • the method has simple steps and is easy to operate.
  • the grinding and derusting work of the rail waist of the rust-removing steel rail does not need to bend down for a long time to polish, which reduces the number of workers and improves the grinding efficiency; by setting the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism, the simultaneous For the derusting work of grinding the inner and outer sides of a steel rail to be derusted, the work efficiency is greatly improved and the working intensity of the staff is reduced.
  • the present invention provides a rail waist derusting equipment before welding, which includes a derusting power device arranged on the rail to be derusted and a derusting power device arranged on the rail to be derusted and connected Connected grinding and derusting device;
  • the grinding and derusting device includes a derusting mechanism vertically arranged on the rail to be derusted and a sliding mechanism arranged on the rail to be derusted and used to drive the derusting mechanism to move, the derusting mechanism and The sliding mechanisms are connected through an adjustable supporting mechanism;
  • the derusting mechanism includes two first derusting mechanisms and a second derusting mechanism symmetrically arranged on the inside and outside of the rail to be derusted, and the structure of the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism The dimensions are all the same;
  • the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism both include a grinding wheel horizontally arranged on one side of the rail to be derusted, a rotating shaft vertically connected to the center of the grinding wheel, and a motor arranged above the rail to be derusted and used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate;
  • the motor is arranged above the rail to be derusted through a motor seat, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and the bottom of the rotating shaft is connected to the grinding wheel in rotation; the motor Armrests are fixed on the seat;
  • the sliding mechanism includes a sliding bracket arranged above the rail to be derusted, and a front roller and a rear roller that are both arranged on the top surface of the rail to be derusted and can slide along the extending direction of the rail to be derusted. Rollers, the front rollers and the rear rollers are installed on the sliding bracket;
  • the adjustable support mechanism includes a position adjustment mechanism that connects the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism and is used to adjust the distance between the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism, An installation shaft vertically arranged on the top of the sliding bracket, and a swing adjustment mechanism arranged between the position adjustment mechanism and the installation shaft.
  • the derusting power device includes a rail flat car arranged on the steel rail to be derusted and a derusting power mechanism arranged on the rail flat car and used to provide power for the grinding and derusting device;
  • the derusting power mechanism includes a power distribution box, a battery management box and a plurality of split batteries all arranged on the rail flat car, and the input end of the power distribution box is connected to the output end of the battery management box.
  • the output end of the distribution box is connected to the grinding and derusting device through a cable; the input end of the battery management box is connected to the split battery through a quick plug; the motor is connected to the output of the distribution box through a cable. end connection.
  • the position adjustment mechanism includes a slider vertically fixed on the motor base of the first derusting mechanism and a guide vertically fixed on the front side of the slider and clamped with the slider
  • the slider can move along the length direction of the guide, and the guide is fixedly connected with the motor base of the second derusting mechanism.
  • a sliding groove is provided on the side of the guide close to the motor seat, and the sliding groove is arranged on the side close to the first derusting mechanism, and horizontally arranged in the sliding groove
  • Two rails, the cross section of the rails is isosceles trapezoidal; the slider is provided with a card slot that matches the rails; the motor seat of the second derusting mechanism is fixed on the guide, and It is arranged at the end away from the sliding groove.
  • the swing adjustment mechanism includes a U-shaped frame fixed on the guide, a rotating support frame sleeved on the installation shaft and capable of rotating around the installation shaft, and a A swing connection assembly between the frame and the rotating support frame; the opening of the U-shaped frame faces the installation shaft.
  • the swing connection assembly includes a swing upper beam and a swing lower beam arranged between the U-shaped frame and the rotating support frame, and two symmetrically arranged inside and outside of the swing upper beam and the swing lower beam
  • the connecting parts on both sides; the swing upper beam and the swing lower beam are arranged in parallel, and the swing upper beam is arranged directly above the swing lower beam, and the length and width of the swing upper beam and the swing lower beam are equal equal; one end of the swing upper beam and the swing lower beam are hinged in the opening of the U-shaped frame, and one end of the swing upper beam and the swing lower beam is hinged with the rotating support frame.
  • the connecting member includes a sleeve hinged on the swing upper beam and a connecting rod arranged in the sleeve and slidable along the length direction of the sleeve, hinged on the swing upper beam
  • the end of the sleeve on the top is close to the U-shaped frame, one end of the connecting rod extends into the sleeve, and the other end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected with the swing lower beam and is close to the One side of the rotating support frame described above.
  • two positioning mechanisms that limit the positions of the front and rear rollers are symmetrically arranged on the sliding bracket, and the two positioning mechanisms are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the sliding bracket, and the positioning mechanisms include fixed The support block on the side of the sliding bracket, the positioning wheel arranged on one side of the rail to be derusted, and the connecting assembly connecting the support block and the positioning wheel; the positioning wheel is arranged below the front roller , and the positioning wheel is in close contact with the rail waist of the rail to be derusted.
  • the connecting assembly includes a connecting shaft vertically passed through the support block, and a positioning shaft horizontally arranged between the connecting shaft and the positioning wheel; one end of the connecting shaft is vertically passing through the support block, and the shaft section of the connecting shaft located in the support block is threadedly connected with the support block, the other end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with one end of the positioning shaft, and the positioning The other end of the shaft passes through the center of the positioning wheel and is rotationally connected with the positioning wheel; a handle is provided on the end of the connecting shaft passing through the support block.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the present invention realizes the derusting work of grinding the inner and outer sides of a steel rail to be derusted at the same time, which greatly improves the working efficiency. Efficiency, reducing the working intensity of the staff.
  • the present invention enables the rail waist derusting equipment to slide along the extension direction of the rail to be derusted by setting the sliding mechanism, which saves manpower and realizes the requirement of grinding length at the same time.
  • the position adjustment mechanism of the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism of the present invention can easily realize the adjustment of the distance between the two, which saves construction time and improves construction efficiency.
  • Waist derusting equipment is suitable for derusting and grinding work of various sizes of steel rails to be derusted.
  • the swing adjustment mechanism is used to enable the grinding wheel to swing up and down and left and right, which expands the grinding width and satisfies the requirement of grinding before welding.
  • the present invention realizes the derusting work of grinding the inner and outer sides of a steel rail to be derusted at the same time by arranging the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism. Improve work efficiency and reduce the work intensity of staff.
  • the present invention also provides a method for derusting the rail waist using the rail waist derusting equipment before rail welding, including:
  • Step 1 Install the derusting power device and the grinding and derusting device: place the derusting power device on a pair of steel rails to be derusted, and place the grinding and derusting device on one of the derusting steel rails, The first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism are placed on the inner and outer sides of the rail to be derusted;
  • Step 2 Adjust the position of the grinding wheel: adjust the distance between the grinding wheel on the first derusting mechanism and the grinding wheel on the second derusting mechanism according to the width of the rail to be derusted.
  • step 201 When the distance between the two grinding wheels, perform step 201; when it is necessary to reduce the distance between the two grinding wheels, perform step 202;
  • Step 201 Holding two handrails, move the handrails on the first derusting mechanism away from the rail to be derusted, and the first derusting mechanism moves away from the rail to be derusted, Make the grinding wheel on the first derusting mechanism move away from the direction of the rail to be derusted, increase the distance between the grinding wheel on the first derusting mechanism and the grinding wheel on the second derusting mechanism spacing, so that the grinding wheels on both sides are close to the rail waist of the rail to be derusted;
  • Step 202 holding the two handrails, moving the handrails on the first derusting mechanism toward the rail to be derusted, and the first derusting mechanism to approach the rail to be derusted Move so that the grinding wheel on the first derusting mechanism moves towards the direction close to the rail to be derusted, reducing the grinding wheel on the first derusting mechanism and the grinding wheel on the second derusting mechanism
  • the distance between the wheels makes the grinding wheels on both sides close to the rail waist of the rail to be derusted;
  • Step 3 Adjust the position of the positioning mechanism: turn the handle, and at the same time make the positioning wheel rotate until the positioning wheel is in close contact with the rail waist of the rail to be derusted, and stop turning the handle;
  • Step 4 rust removal, the process is as follows:
  • Step 401 Simultaneously start the motors on the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism, first hold the two handrails and move the handrails from top to bottom, so that the two grinding wheels Grind the rail waist in the same cross-section on the derusting steel rail; after grinding the bottom of the rail waist in the same cross-section, push the two handrails to move along the extension direction of the derusting steel rail at the same time, the moving distance Not greater than the diameter of the grinding wheel, then hold the two handrails and move the handrails from bottom to top, so that the two grinding wheels will grind the rail waist in the next cross-section on the rail to be derusted ;
  • Step 402 repeating step 401 multiple times until the grinding work of all rail waists on the rail to be derusted is completed;
  • Step 5 Remove the grinding and derusting device, the process is as follows:
  • Step 501 turn off the motors on the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism at the same time, turn the handle in reverse until the positioning wheel is separated from the rail waist of the rail to be derusted, and stop rotating said handle;
  • Step 502 holding the two handrails, moving the handrails on the first derusting mechanism away from the rail to be derusted, and the first derusting mechanism is away from the rail to be derusted Move, so that the grinding wheel on the first derusting mechanism moves away from the direction of the rail to be derusted, increase the grinding wheel on the first derusting mechanism and the grinding wheel on the second derusting mechanism the distance between
  • Step 6 Move the grinding and derusting device and remove the rust on another rail to be derusted: lift the grinding and derusting device to another rail to be derusted, repeat steps 1 to 5, and remove the rust on the other rail to be derusted.
  • the rusted steel rails are polished and derusted.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the method of the invention has simple steps and is convenient to operate.
  • One worker can use the handrail to realize the grinding and derusting work of the rail waist of the rail to be derusted, without bending over for a long time for grinding, which reduces the number of workers and improves the grinding efficiency.
  • Fig. 1 is the use state figure of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the grinding and derusting device of the present invention and the steel rail to be derusted;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the guide and the slider of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a rail waist derusting equipment before rail welding, comprising a derusting power device arranged on the rail 30 to be derusted and a A grinding and derusting device connected to the derusting power unit on the rail 30;
  • the grinding and derusting device includes a derusting mechanism vertically arranged on the steel rail 30 to be derusted and a sliding mechanism arranged on the steel rail 30 to be derusted and used to drive the derusting mechanism to move.
  • the mechanism and the sliding mechanism are connected through an adjustable support mechanism;
  • the rust removal mechanism includes two first rust removal mechanisms and a second rust removal mechanism that are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the steel rail 30 to be derusted, and the first rust removal mechanism and the second rust removal mechanism
  • the structural dimensions are all the same; the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism all include a grinding wheel 14 horizontally arranged on one side of the steel rail 30 to be derusted, and a grinding wheel 14 vertically connected to the center of the grinding wheel 14.
  • Rotary shaft 31, and the motor 10 that is arranged on the described to-be-derusted steel rail 30 and is used to drive described rotary shaft 31 to rotate;
  • the motor 10 is arranged above the rail 30 to be derusted by the motor base 11, the output shaft of the motor 10 is connected to the top of the rotating shaft 31, and the bottom of the rotating shaft 31 is connected to the grinding wheel. 14 rotating connections; the motor base 11 is fixed with a handrail 1;
  • the sliding mechanism includes a sliding bracket 24 arranged above the rail to be derusted 30 , and a top surface of the rail to be derusted 30 that can slide along the extension direction of the rail to be derusted 30 .
  • Front roller 23 and rear roller 26, described front roller 23 and rear roller 26 are all installed on the described sliding support 24;
  • the adjustable support mechanism includes a position adjustment mechanism that connects the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism and is used to adjust the distance between the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism,
  • the installation shaft 19 vertically arranged on the top of the sliding bracket 24 , and the swing adjustment mechanism arranged between the position adjustment mechanism and the installation shaft 19 .
  • the derusting work of grinding the inner and outer sides of a steel rail 30 to be derusted is realized at the same time, which greatly improves the Work efficiency, reducing the work intensity of the staff.
  • the derusting equipment on the rail waist can slide along the extension direction of the steel rail 30 to be derusted, saving manpower and realizing the requirement of grinding length.
  • first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism can easily realize the adjustment of the distance between them by using the position adjustment mechanism, which saves construction time, improves construction efficiency, and makes the waist of the rail clear.
  • the derusting equipment is applicable to the derusting and grinding work of various sizes of steel rails 30 to be derusted.
  • the swing adjustment mechanism is used to enable the grinding wheel 14 to swing up and down and left and right, which expands the grinding width and satisfies the requirement of grinding before welding.
  • the operation is convenient, and a worker can use the handrail 1 to realize the grinding and derusting work of the rail waist of the rail 30 to be derusted, without long It takes time to bend over and grind, which reduces the number of workers and improves the efficiency of grinding.
  • the top end of the rotating shaft 31 extends into the motor base 11 and is connected with the output shaft of the motor 10; as shown in Figure 2, the front roller 23 and the rear roller 26 are both dumbbells structure and all straddle the top of the steel rail 30 to be derusted and can slide axially along the steel rail 30 to be derusted.
  • the output shaft of the motor 10 protrudes into the motor base 11 and is rotationally connected with the motor base 11; the top end of the rotating shaft 31 protrudes into the motor base 11 and rotates with the motor base 11 connected, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 31 is rotationally connected with the grinding wheel 14 .
  • the sliding mechanism is used to cooperate with the rail 30 to be derusted so that the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism can slide axially along the rail 30 to be derusted;
  • the weight of the above-mentioned grinding and derusting device, each component can be made of aviation aluminum material, so that one operator can lift the described grinding and derusting device, so that the operator of grinding and derusting can be reduced to one person, which is beneficial to single-person operation and saves human Resources.
  • the bottom of the installation shaft 19 passes through the rotating support frame 18 and is welded to the top of the sliding bracket 24, which strengthens the integrity between the installation shaft 19 and the sliding bracket 24, and increases the strength of the grinding and derusting device.
  • the derusting power unit includes a rail flat car 32 arranged on the steel rail 30 to be derusted and a rail flat car 32 arranged on the rail flat car 32 and used for grinding and derusting
  • the rust removal power mechanism provided by the device; the rust removal power mechanism includes a distribution box 3, a battery management box 4 and a plurality of split batteries 6 all arranged on the rail flat car 32, and the distribution box 3
  • the input end of the battery management box 4 is connected to the output end of the battery management box 4, and the output end of the distribution box 3 is connected to the grinding and derusting device through the cable 2; the input end of the battery management box 4 is connected to the The split battery 6 is connected; the motor 10 is connected to the output end of the distribution box 3 through a cable 2 .
  • the rail flat car 32 can move along the extension direction of the steel rail 30 to be derusted, so that it is convenient to move along with the grinding and derusting device during the movement, without affecting the derusting work on the steel rail .
  • the track flat car 32 is composed of a storage board horizontally arranged above the steel rail 30 to be derusted and a plurality of pulleys arranged at the bottom of the storage board.
  • a protective fence can be added on the storage board.
  • the rail flat car 32 is also provided with two chargers 8 for charging the split battery 6, and the two chargers 8 are arranged on the left and right sides of the distribution box 3;
  • the flat car 32 is also provided with a tool box 7 for holding spare batteries and a fire extinguisher 9 for dealing with sudden fires, and the number of the tool boxes 7 is two.
  • split battery 6 is used to provide power to the grinding and derusting device, and the energy supply form of battery energy is adopted, which solves the problem of energy supply for operation in subways and tunnels, and eliminates the pollution emission problem of traditional diesel engines; at the same time, it adopts The form of multiple split batteries 6 and the connection method of the quick plug 5 are convenient for replacing the split batteries 6 and maintaining sufficient power, which is beneficial to the complex working environment on site.
  • the BMS battery management system is adopted in the battery management box 4, and after being managed by the BMS battery management system, the direct current is output to the distribution box 3, and the motor driver in the distribution box 3 is used to drive the grinding head to treat the derusting steel rail 30 through the cable 2.
  • the waist is polished to remove rust.
  • Each split battery 6 corresponds to a quick plug 5, and when the split battery 6 is damaged or the remaining power is low, it is convenient to replace the split battery 6. Due to the differences of the split batteries 6 themselves, it is very likely that some split batteries 6 are not fully charged while other split batteries 6 are fully charged, and the split batteries 6 are prone to overcharging during charging.
  • the BMS battery management system can monitor the state of the split battery 6 to prevent overcharging and overdischarging of the split battery 6, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the battery.
  • the grinding and derusting device needs to be moved to the next operation point to be polished, and generally the distance between the two grinding operation points is at least 25 meters, and at most Then 500 meters, a support frame is set on the top on the rail flat car 32, and the described grinding and derusting device can be placed on the support frame, thereby the described grinding and derusting device can be easily and labor-savingly moved, and can be completed with less personnel.
  • Equipment transfer In order to ensure the stability of the rail flat car 32 in operation, after the derusting power mechanism on the rail flat car 32 is installed, a filling block 33 is placed in the gap to ensure that the rail flat car 32 is stable in operation. During the operation of the car 32, each casing will not shake.
  • the position adjustment mechanism includes a slider 13 vertically fixed on the motor base 11 of the first derusting mechanism and a slider 13 vertically fixed on the slider 13. Front side and the guide piece 12 that is clamped and connected with the slide block 13, the slide block 13 can move along the length direction of the guide piece 12, the guide piece 12 and the motor seat of the second derusting mechanism 11 fixed connections.
  • the first derusting mechanism is fixedly connected to the slider 13, and the first derusting mechanism can slide along the length direction of the guide rail 12 along with the slider 13, and the first derusting mechanism can be changed.
  • the distance from the second derusting mechanism is such that the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism can respectively contact the inner and outer sides of the steel rail 30 to be derusted simultaneously.
  • the operator holds the rear ends of the two handrails 1 with both hands, and can simultaneously lift the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism with force, because the second derusting mechanism is fixedly arranged on the guide piece 12, the first derusting mechanism is fixedly connected with the slider 13 and can slide along the length direction of the guide 12 with the slider 13, thereby changing the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism the distance between.
  • the guide member 12 is provided with a sliding groove on the side close to the motor base 11, and the sliding groove is arranged on the side close to the first derusting mechanism,
  • Two rails 12-1 are horizontally arranged in the sliding groove, and the cross section of the rails 12-1 is an isosceles trapezoid;
  • the slider 13 is provided with a card slot 13 that cooperates with the rails 12-1 -1;
  • the motor base 11 of the second derusting mechanism is fixed on the guide piece 12, and it is arranged at the end away from the sliding groove.
  • the slider 13 can only slide into the guide member 12 from the leftmost side of the track 12 - 1 , and the position of the slider 13 relative to the guide member 12 in the vertical direction is fixed.
  • the distance between the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism becomes larger, so that the grinding wheel 14 of the first derusting mechanism is positioned on the steel rail to be derusted 30, the grinding wheel 14 of the second derusting mechanism is located inside the rail 30 to be derusted, which is convenient for placing the grinding and derusting device on the rail 30 to be derusted.
  • the swing adjustment mechanism includes a U-shaped frame 28 fixed on the guide 12 , a U-shaped frame 28 sleeved on the installation shaft 19 and capable of rotating around the installation shaft 19 .
  • the rotating support frame 18 and the swing connection assembly arranged between the U-shaped frame 28 and the rotating support frame 18 ; the opening of the U-shaped frame 28 faces the installation shaft 19 .
  • the installation shaft 19 is fixed on the top of the sliding bracket 24, and the rotating support frame 18 is sleeved on the installation shaft 19, and can be rotated around the installation shaft 19;
  • the swing connection assembly includes a swing upper beam 15 and a swing lower beam 27 arranged between the U-shaped frame 28 and the rotating support frame 18, and two symmetrically arranged
  • one end of the swing upper beam 15 and the swing lower beam 27 in the swing connection assembly is hinged to the rotating support frame 18, so that the two grinding wheels 14 can move up and down around the sliding bracket 24 ;
  • the rear ends of the swing upper beam 15 and the swing lower beam 27 are all hinged in the opening of the U-shaped frame 28, and the front ends of the swing upper beam 15 and the swing lower beam 27 are all hinged with the rotating support frame 18,
  • the motor base 11 of the second derusting mechanism is fixedly connected with the guide 12, and the first derusting mechanism is fixed in position relative to the guide 12 in the vertical direction, so the first derusting mechanism and the first derusting mechanism
  • the grinding wheels 14 of the two derusting mechanisms can all swing up and down synchronously around the rotating support frame 18, so that the rail waist of the steel rail 30 to be derusted is fully polished up and down.
  • the rotating support frame 18 is rotatably connected with the installation shaft 19, so that the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism can swing left and right around the installation shaft 19, ensuring that the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism
  • the grinding wheels 14 of the rust mechanism can respectively contact the rail waists of the inner and outer sides of the steel rail 30 to be derusted.
  • the connecting member includes a sleeve 16 hinged on the swing upper beam 15 and is arranged in the sleeve 16 and can slide along the length direction of the sleeve 16
  • the connecting rod 17, the end of the sleeve 16 hinged on the swing upper beam 15 is close to the U-shaped frame 28, and one end of the connecting rod 17 extends into the sleeve 16, the The other end of the connecting rod 17 is hingedly connected with the swing lower beam 27 and is close to one side of the rotating support frame 18 .
  • two positioning mechanisms that limit the positions of the front roller 23 and the rear roller 26 are symmetrically arranged on the sliding bracket 24, and the two positioning mechanisms are arranged on the sliding bracket 24.
  • the inner and outer sides of the positioning mechanism include a support block 22 fixed on the side of the sliding bracket 24, a positioning wheel 25 arranged on one side of the rail to be derusted 30, and connecting the support block 22 and the The connection assembly of the positioning wheel 25; the positioning wheel 25 is arranged under the front roller 23, and the positioning wheel 25 is in close contact with the rail waist of the steel rail 30 to be derusted.
  • the positioning mechanism can limit the position of the grinding and derusting device on the rail 30 to be derusted, so as to prevent the sliding mechanism from detaching from the rail 30 to be derusted during the grinding operation.
  • the connecting assembly includes a connecting shaft 20 vertically passed through the support block 22 , and a connecting shaft 20 horizontally arranged between the connecting shaft 20 and the positioning wheel 25 .
  • a handle 21 is provided on the end passing through the support block 22 .
  • the horizontal distance between the two positioning wheels 25 on both sides of the inside and outside is constant, because the width of the rail waist of the described derusting steel rail 30 from top to bottom is not completely the same, by adjusting the The height of the positioning wheels 25 is such that the two positioning wheels 25 can be clamped on the rail waists of the rails to be derusted 30 of different sizes, so as to adapt to the rust removal of the rails to be derusted 30 of various sizes Grinding positioning function.
  • a kind of rail waist derusting equipment before rail welding as shown in Figure 4 is carried out the method for derusting rail waist, comprises:
  • Step 1 Install the derusting power device and the grinding and derusting device: place the derusting power device on a pair of the steel rails 30 to be derusted, and place the grinding and derusting device on one of the derusting rails 30.
  • the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism are placed on the inner and outer sides of the derusted steel rail 30;
  • Step 2 adjust the position of the grinding wheel: adjust the distance between the grinding wheel 14 on the first derusting mechanism and the grinding wheel 14 on the second derusting mechanism according to the width of the steel rail 30 to be derusted, When the distance between the two grinding wheels 14 needs to be increased, step 201 is performed; when the distance between the two grinding wheels 14 needs to be reduced, step 202 is performed;
  • Step 201 holding the two handrails 1, moving the handrails 1 on the first derusting mechanism away from the steel rail 30 to be derusted, and the first derusting mechanism is moving away from the derusting steel rail 30.
  • the direction of steel rail 30 moves, and the grinding wheel 14 on the first derusting mechanism is moved away from the direction of the steel rail 30 to be derusted, increasing the grinding wheel 14 and the second derusting mechanism on the first derusting mechanism.
  • the distance between the grinding wheels 14 on the derusting mechanism makes the grinding wheels 14 on both sides close to the rail waist of the derusting steel rail 30;
  • Step 202 holding the two handrails 1, and moving the handrails 1 on the first derusting mechanism towards the direction of the steel rail 30 to be derusted, and the first derusting mechanism is close to the derusting steel rail 30.
  • the direction of steel rail 30 moves, and the grinding wheel 14 on the described first derusting mechanism is moved toward the direction close to the steel rail 30 to be derusted, reducing the grinding wheel 14 and the first derusting mechanism on the described first derusting mechanism.
  • the spacing between the grinding wheels 14 on the two derusting mechanisms makes the grinding wheels 14 on both sides close to the rail waist of the described steel rail 30 to be derusted;
  • Step 3 adjust the position of the positioning mechanism: turn the handle 21, and at the same time make the positioning wheel 25 rotate until the positioning wheel 25 is in close contact with the rail waist of the steel rail 30 to be derusted, and stop turning the handle 21 ;
  • Step 4 rust removal, the process is as follows:
  • Step 401 Simultaneously start the motors 10 on the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism, first hold the two handrails 1 and move the handrails 1 from top to bottom, so that the two grinding wheels 14 Grinding the rail waist in the same cross-section on the rail 30 to be derusted; after grinding the bottom of the rail waist in the same cross-section, simultaneously push two handrails 1 along the Move in the extension direction, the distance of movement is not greater than the diameter of the grinding wheel 14, then hold the two handrails 1 and move the handrails 1 from bottom to top, so that the two grinding wheels 14 are opposite to the steel rail 30 to be derusted. Grinding on the rail waist in the next cross-section;
  • Step 402 repeating step 401 multiple times until the grinding work of all rail waists on the rail 30 to be derusted is completed;
  • Step 5 Remove the grinding and derusting device, the process is as follows:
  • Step 501 turn off the motors 10 on the first derusting mechanism and the second derusting mechanism at the same time, reversely rotate the handle 21 until the positioning wheel 25 and the rail waist of the steel rail 30 to be derusted Separate, stop turning the handle 21;
  • Step 502 holding the two handrails 1, and moving the handrails 1 on the first derusting mechanism away from the steel rail 30 to be derusted, and the first derusting mechanism is moving away from the derusting steel rail 30.
  • the direction of steel rail 30 moves, and the grinding wheel 14 on the first derusting mechanism is moved away from the direction of the steel rail 30 to be derusted, increasing the grinding wheel 14 and the second derusting mechanism on the first derusting mechanism.
  • Step 6 Move the grinding and derusting device and remove the rust on another rail to be derusted: lift the grinding and derusting device to another rail 30 to be derusted, repeat steps 1 to 5, and remove the rust on the other rail to be derusted.
  • the derusting steel rail 30 is polished and derusted.
  • the output shaft of the motor 10 drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, and the grinding wheel 14 is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the rotating shaft 31, so the grinding wheel 14 rotates synchronously, and the grinding wheel 14 is placed on the steel rail to be derusted.
  • the rail waist of 30 contacts, and the rail waist of derusting steel rail 30 is polished and derusted when grinding wheel 14 rotates.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备及方法，该装置包括除锈动力装置和打磨除锈装置；打磨除锈装置包括除锈机构和滑行机构，除锈机构和滑行机构之间通过可调节支撑机构连接；除锈机构包括两个对称设置的第一除锈机构和第二除锈机构；该方法包括：一、安装除锈动力装置和打磨除锈装置；二、调节磨砂轮的位置；三、调节定位机构的位置；四、除锈；五、卸除打磨除锈装置；六、移动打磨除锈装置并清除另一根待除锈钢轨的铁锈。本发明一个工作人员利用扶手即可实现对待除锈钢轨的轨腰的打磨除锈工作，提高了打磨效率；通过设置第一除锈机构和第二除锈机构，实现了同时对一根待除锈钢轨内外两侧的轨腰打磨的除锈工作，降低了工作人员的作业强度。

Description

一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备及方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年10月22日提交中国专利局，申请号为2021112315750，发明名称为“一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备及方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于钢轨打磨和除锈技术领域，尤其是涉及一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备及方法。
背景技术
钢轨闪光焊是国内钢轨焊接的最主流焊接方法，其焊接自动化程度高，接头质量稳定。目前，国内的钢轨闪光焊接按作业位置可分为两大类，基地焊与移动焊：移动焊由于其设备较小，适合现场焊接作业；同时，移动焊与基地焊的钢轨夹持方式完全不同，移动焊采用轨腰夹持的方式，基地焊采用轨头轨底上下夹持的方式。虽然两种焊接的形式不同，但都需要在焊接前进行轨腰面除锈工作，利用现场焊接的焊前除锈设备要对两根钢轨的四个轨腰面进行除锈，因二者焊接形式的不同，所以两种焊接方法的焊前除锈设备并不相同。目前，施工现场常采用的除锈设备由一套柴油发电机组和多个棒砂轮组成，采用手工作业的方式进行焊前除锈。这种方法的缺点有：一方面是作业人员需长时间弯腰打磨，极易疲惫，因此一个班组需要多个作业人员且效率也不高；另一方面是柴油机组的排放对隧道作业环境影响巨大，易造成人身伤害。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术中的不足，提供一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备及方法，方法步骤简单，操作方便，一个工作人员利用扶手即可实现对所述待除锈钢轨的轨腰的打磨除锈工作，无需长时间弯腰打磨，减少了工作人数，提高了打磨效率；通过设置所述第一除锈机构和所 述第二除锈机构，实现了同时对一根待除锈钢轨内外两侧的轨腰打磨的除锈工作，极大的提高了工作效率，降低了工作人员的作业强度。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，包括设置在待除锈钢轨上的除锈动力装置和设置在待除锈钢轨上且与所述除锈动力装置相连接的打磨除锈装置；
所述打磨除锈装置包括竖向设置在待除锈钢轨上的除锈机构和设置在所述待除锈钢轨上且用于带动所述除锈机构移动的滑行机构，所述除锈机构和所述滑行机构之间通过可调节支撑机构连接；
所述除锈机构包括两个对称设置在所述待除锈钢轨内外两侧的第一除锈机构和第二除锈机构，所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构的结构尺寸均相同；所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构均包括水平设置在所述待除锈钢轨一侧的磨砂轮、竖向连接在所述磨砂轮中心的旋转轴、以及设置在所述待除锈钢轨上方且用于带动所述旋转轴转动的电机；
所述电机通过电机座布设在所述待除锈钢轨的上方，所述电机的输出轴和所述旋转轴的顶端连接，所述旋转轴的底端与所述磨砂轮转动连接；所述电机座上固定有扶手；
所述滑行机构包括设置在所述待除锈钢轨上方的滑行支架、以及均设置在所述待除锈钢轨的顶面上且可沿所述待除锈钢轨的延伸方向滑行的前滚轮和后滚轮，所述前滚轮和后滚轮均安装在所述滑行支架上；
所述可调节支撑机构包括连接所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构且用于调节所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构之间距离的位置调节机构、竖向设置在所述滑行支架顶部的安装轴、以及设置在所述位置调节机构和所述安装轴之间的摆动调节机构。
可选地，所述除锈动力装置包括设置在待除锈钢轨上的轨道平车和设置在所述轨道平车上且用于为所述打磨除锈装置提供动力的除锈动力机构；所述除锈动力机构包括均设置在所述轨道平车上的配电箱、电池管理箱和多个分体式电池，所述配电箱的输入端与所述电池管理箱的输出端连接，所述配电箱的输出端通过电缆与所述打磨除锈装置连接；所述电池管理箱的输入端通过快捷插头与所述分体式电池连接；所述电机通过电缆与所述配电箱的输 出端连接。
可选地，所述位置调节机构包括竖向固定在所述第一除锈机构的电机座上的滑块和竖向固定在所述滑块前侧且与所述滑块卡装连接的导向件，所述滑块可沿所述导向件的长度方向移动，所述导向件与所述第二除锈机构的电机座固定连接。
可选地，所述导向件靠近所述电机座的一侧开设有滑移槽，所述滑移槽布设在靠近所述第一除锈机构的一侧，所述滑移槽内水平设置有两条轨道，所述轨道的横截面为等腰梯形；所述滑块上开设有与所述轨道配合的卡槽；所述第二除锈机构的电机座固定在所述导向件上，且其布设在远离所述滑移槽的一端。
可选地，所述摆动调节机构包括固定在所述导向件上的U型架、套设在所述安装轴上且能绕所述安装轴转动的旋转支撑架、以及设置在所述U型架和所述旋转支撑架之间的摆动连接组件；所述U型架的开口朝向所述安装轴。
可选地，所述摆动连接组件包括设置在所述U型架和所述旋转支撑架之间的摆动上梁和摆动下梁、以及两个对称设置在所述摆动上梁和摆动下梁内外两侧的连接件；所述摆动上梁和摆动下梁呈平行布设，且所述摆动上梁布设在所述摆动下梁的正上方，所述摆动上梁和摆动下梁的长度和宽度均相等；所述摆动上梁和摆动下梁的一端均铰接在所述U型架的开口内，所述摆动上梁和摆动下梁的一端均与所述旋转支撑架铰接。
可选地，所述连接件包括铰接在所述摆动上梁上的套筒和设置在所述套筒内且可沿所述套筒的长度方向滑动的连接杆，铰接在所述摆动上梁上的所述套筒的端部靠近所述U型架，所述连接杆的一端伸入至所述套筒内，所述连接杆的另一端与所述摆动下梁铰接连接且其靠近所述旋转支撑架的一侧。
可选地，所述滑行支架上对称设置有两个限制所述前滚轮和后滚轮位置的定位机构，两个所述定位机构布设在所述滑行支架的内外两侧，所述定位机构包括固定在所述滑行支架侧面上的支撑块、设置在所述待除锈钢轨一侧的定位轮、以及连接所述支撑块和所述定位轮的连接组件；所述定位轮布设 在前滚轮的下方，且所述定位轮与所述待除锈钢轨的轨腰紧贴。
可选地，所述连接组件包括竖向穿设在所述支撑块内的连接轴、以及水平设置在所述连接轴和所述定位轮之间的定位轴；所述连接轴的一端竖向穿过所述支撑块，且所述连接轴的位于所述支撑块内的轴段与所述支撑块螺纹连接，所述连接轴的另一端与所述定位轴的一端固定连接，所述定位轴的另一端穿设在所述定位轮的中心处且与所述定位轮转动连接；所述连接轴的穿出所述支撑块的端部上设置有手柄。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：
1、本发明通过设置所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构，实现了同时对一根待除锈钢轨内外两侧的轨腰打磨的除锈工作，极大的提高了工作效率，降低了工作人员的作业强度。
2、本发明通过设置所述滑行机构使得本轨腰除锈设备能够沿着待除锈钢轨的延伸方向滑动，节约人力的同时可实现打磨长度的需求。
3、本发明所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构利用所述位置调节机构，可轻松实现二者之间间距的调节，节省了施工时间，提高了施工效率，使本轨腰除锈设备适用于多种不同尺寸的待除锈钢轨的除锈打磨工作。
4、本发明中利用所述摆动调节机构，使得所述磨砂轮能够实现上下及左右方向的摆动，扩大了打磨宽度，满足焊前打磨的需求。
综上所述，本发明通过设置所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构，实现了同时对一根待除锈钢轨内外两侧的轨腰打磨的除锈工作，极大的提高了工作效率，降低了工作人员的作业强度。
本发明还提供了一种利用钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备对轨腰进行除锈的方法，包括：
步骤一、安装除锈动力装置和打磨除锈装置：将所述除锈动力装置放置在一对待除锈钢轨上，并将所述打磨除锈装置放置在其中一个所述待除锈钢轨上，使第一除锈机构和第二除锈机构放置在所述待除锈钢轨的内外两侧；
步骤二、调节磨砂轮的位置：根据所述待除锈钢轨的宽度调节所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮之间的间距，当需要增加两个所述磨砂轮之间的间距时，执行步骤201；当需要减小两个所述磨砂 轮之间的间距时，执行步骤202；
步骤201、手握两个扶手，向远离所述待除锈钢轨的方向移动所述第一除锈机构上的扶手，所述第一除锈机构向远离所述待除锈钢轨的方向移动，使得所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮向远离所述待除锈钢轨的方向移动，增加所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮之间的间距，使得两侧的磨砂轮与所述待除锈钢轨的轨腰紧贴；
步骤202、手握两个所述扶手，向靠近所述待除锈钢轨的方向移动所述第一除锈机构上的扶手，所述第一除锈机构向靠近所述待除锈钢轨的方向移动，使得所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮向靠近所述待除锈钢轨的方向移动，减小所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮之间的间距，使得两侧的磨砂轮与所述待除锈钢轨的轨腰紧贴；
步骤三、调节定位机构的位置：转动手柄，同时使得定位轮旋转，直至所述定位轮与所述待除锈钢轨的轨腰紧贴，停止转动所述手柄；
步骤四、除锈，过程如下：
步骤401、同时启动所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构上的电机，先手握两个所述扶手并由上至下移动扶手，使得两个所述磨砂轮对所述待除锈钢轨上处于同一横断面内的轨腰进行打磨；将同一横断面内的轨腰的底部打磨完后，同时推动两个扶手沿着所述待除锈钢轨的延伸方向移动，移动的距离不大于所述磨砂轮的直径，然后手握两个所述扶手并由下至上移动扶手，使得两个所述磨砂轮对所述待除锈钢轨上处于下一横断面内的轨腰进行打磨；
步骤402、多次重复步骤401，直至完成所述待除锈钢轨上全部轨腰的打磨工作；
步骤五、卸除打磨除锈装置，过程如下：
步骤501、同时关闭所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构上的电机，反向转动所述手柄，直至所述定位轮与所述待除锈钢轨的轨腰分离，停止转动所述手柄；
步骤502、手握两个所述扶手，向远离所述待除锈钢轨的方向移动所述第一除锈机构上的扶手，所述第一除锈机构向远离所述待除锈钢轨的方向移 动，使得所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮向远离所述待除锈钢轨的方向移动，增加所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮之间的间距；
步骤六、移动打磨除锈装置并清除另一根待除锈钢轨的铁锈：将所述打磨除锈装置抬至另一根待除锈钢轨上，重复步骤一至步骤五，对另一根待除锈钢轨进行打磨除锈。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：
本发明方法步骤简单，操作方便，一个工作人员利用扶手即可实现对所述待除锈钢轨的轨腰的打磨除锈工作，无需长时间弯腰打磨，减少了工作人数，提高了打磨效率。
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
附图说明
图1为本发明的使用状态图；
图2为本发明打磨除锈装置和待除锈钢轨的连接关系示意图；
图3为本发明导向件和滑块的连接关系示意图；
图4为本发明的方法流程框图。
附图标记说明：
1—扶手；              2—电缆；              3—配电箱；
4—电池管理箱；        5—快捷插头；          6—分体式电池；
7—工具箱；            8—充电器；            9—灭火器；
10—电机；             11—电机座；           12—导向件；
12-1—轨道；           13—滑块；             14—磨砂轮；
15—摆动上梁；         16—套筒；             17—连接杆；
18—旋转支撑架；       19—安装轴；           20—连接轴；
21—手柄；             22—支撑块；           23—前滚轮；
24—滑行支架；         25—定位轮；           26—后滚轮；
27—摆动下梁；         28—U型架；           29—定位轴；
30—待除锈钢轨；       31—旋转轴；          32—轨道平车；
33—填充块。
具体实施方式
如图1、图2、图3和图4所示，本发明提供了一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，包括设置在待除锈钢轨30上的除锈动力装置和设置在待除锈钢轨30上且与所述除锈动力装置相连接的打磨除锈装置；
所述打磨除锈装置包括竖向设置在待除锈钢轨30上的除锈机构和设置在所述待除锈钢轨30上且用于带动所述除锈机构移动的滑行机构，所述除锈机构和所述滑行机构之间通过可调节支撑机构连接；
所述除锈机构包括两个对称设置在所述待除锈钢轨30内外两侧的第一除锈机构和第二除锈机构，所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构的结构尺寸均相同；所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构均包括水平设置在所述待除锈钢轨30一侧的磨砂轮14、竖向连接在所述磨砂轮14中心的旋转轴31、以及设置在所述待除锈钢轨30上方且用于带动所述旋转轴31转动的电机10；
所述电机10通过电机座11布设在所述待除锈钢轨30的上方，所述电机10的输出轴和所述旋转轴31的顶端连接，所述旋转轴31的底端与所述磨砂轮14转动连接；所述电机座11上固定有扶手1；
所述滑行机构包括设置在所述待除锈钢轨30上方的滑行支架24、以及均设置在所述待除锈钢轨30的顶面上且可沿所述待除锈钢轨30的延伸方向滑行的前滚轮23和后滚轮26，所述前滚轮23和后滚轮26均安装在所述滑行支架24上；
所述可调节支撑机构包括连接所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构且用于调节所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构之间距离的位置调节机构、竖向设置在所述滑行支架24顶部的安装轴19、以及设置在所述位置调 节机构和所述安装轴19之间的摆动调节机构。
实际使用时，通过设置所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构，实现了同时对一根待除锈钢轨30内外两侧的轨腰打磨的除锈工作，极大的提高了工作效率，降低了工作人员的作业强度。
其中，通过设置所述滑行机构使得本轨腰除锈设备能够沿着待除锈钢轨30的延伸方向滑动，节约人力的同时可实现打磨长度的需求。
另外，所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构利用所述位置调节机构，可轻松实现二者之间间距的调节，节省了施工时间，提高了施工效率，使本轨腰除锈设备适用于多种不同尺寸的待除锈钢轨30的除锈打磨工作。
本发明中利用所述摆动调节机构，使得所述磨砂轮14能够实现上下及左右方向的摆动，扩大了打磨宽度，满足焊前打磨的需求。
利用本发明中的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备进行打磨除锈时，操作方便，一个工作人员利用扶手1即可实现对所述待除锈钢轨30的轨腰的打磨除锈工作，无需长时间弯腰打磨，减少了工作人数，提高了打磨效率。
需要说明的是，所述旋转轴31的顶端伸入至所述电机座11内且与所述电机10的输出轴连接；如图2所示，所述前滚轮23和后滚轮26均为哑铃状结构且均跨骑在待除锈钢轨30的上部并能够沿着待除锈钢轨30轴向滑动，所述前滚轮23和后滚轮26分别设置在滑动支架24前后两端的下部。所述电机10的输出轴伸入至所述电机座11内且与所述电机座11转动连接；所述旋转轴31的顶端伸入至所述电机座11内且与所述电机座11转动连接，所述旋转轴31的底端与所述磨砂轮14转动连接。
特别的，利用所述滑行机构与所述待除锈钢轨30相配合，使得所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构能够沿着待除锈钢轨30轴向滑动；为了减轻所述打磨除锈装置的重量，各组件可采用航空铝材材质，使得一个作业人员即可抬动所述打磨除锈装置，以便将打磨除锈的作业人员降为一人，利于单人作业，节约人力资源。所述安装轴19的底部穿过旋转支撑架18后焊接在滑行支架24的顶部，增强安装轴19与滑行支架24之间的整体性，增加所述打磨除锈装置的强度。
如图1所示，本实施例中，所述除锈动力装置包括设置在待除锈钢轨 30上的轨道平车32和设置在所述轨道平车32上且用于为所述打磨除锈装置提供动力的除锈动力机构；所述除锈动力机构包括均设置在所述轨道平车32上的配电箱3、电池管理箱4和多个分体式电池6，所述配电箱3的输入端与所述电池管理箱4的输出端连接，所述配电箱3的输出端通过电缆2与所述打磨除锈装置连接；所述电池管理箱4的输入端通过快捷插头5与所述分体式电池6连接；所述电机10通过电缆2与所述配电箱3的输出端连接。
实际使用时，所述轨道平车32可沿着所述待除锈钢轨30的延伸方向移动，方便在所述打磨除锈装置移动的过程中随之一起移动，不影响对钢轨的除锈工作。所述轨道平车32为由水平设置在所述待除锈钢轨30上方的置物板和多个设置在所述置物板底部的滑轮组成，为了保证放置在所述置物板上的设备的安全，可在所述置物板上加设防护栏。另外，所述轨道平车32上还设置有两个为所述分体式电池6充电的充电器8，两个所述充电器8布设在所述配电箱3的左右两侧；所述轨道平车32上还设置有用于盛放备用电池的工具箱7和用于应对突发火灾的灭火器9，所述工具箱7的数量为两个。本发明中采用分体式电池6对所述打磨除锈装置提供动力，采用了电池能源的供能形式，解决了地铁和隧道内作业的供能难题，杜绝了传统柴油机的污染排放问题；同时采用多块分体式电池6的形式，同时使用快捷插头5的连接方式，方便对分体式电池6进行更换，保持充足动力，有利于现场复杂的作业环境。电池管理箱4中采用BMS电池管理系统，经过BMS电池管理系统管理后输出直流电至配电箱3，通过配电箱3中的电机驱动器，经由电缆2驱动打磨机头对待除锈钢轨30的轨腰进行打磨除锈。每个分体式电池6均对应一个快捷插头5，当分体式电池6损坏或剩余电量较少时，方便更换分体式电池6。由于分体式电池6本身的差异性，极有可能出现个别分体式电池6未充满电而其它分体式电池6已经充满的现象，在充电时易出现分体式电池6过充电现象。BMS电池管理系统能够监控分体式电池6的状态，防止分体式电池6出现过充电和过放电现象，利于延长电池的使用寿命。
特别的，在对待除锈钢轨30的一端打磨工作完成后，需要将所述打磨除锈装置移动至下一个待打磨作业点，而一般两个打磨作业点之间的距离少 则25米，多则500米，在轨道平车32上的上部设置一个支撑架，可将所述打磨除锈装置放置在支撑架上，从而可方便省力的移动所述打磨除锈装置，以较少的人员完成设备的转运。为了保证所述轨道平车32在运行时的稳定性，在所述轨道平车32上的所述除锈动力机构安置完成后，在空隙处通过放置填充块33，以保证在所述轨道平车32运行的过程中，各个箱体不会产生晃动。
如图2和图3所示，本实施例中，所述位置调节机构包括竖向固定在所述第一除锈机构的电机座11上的滑块13和竖向固定在所述滑块13前侧且与所述滑块13卡装连接的导向件12，所述滑块13可沿所述导向件12的长度方向移动，所述导向件12与所述第二除锈机构的电机座11固定连接。
实际使用时，所述第一除锈机构与滑块13固定连接，且所述第一除锈机构能够随着滑块13沿着导轨12的长度方向滑动，可以改变所述第一除锈机构与第二除锈机构之间的距离，使得所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构能够分别与待除锈钢轨30的内外两侧同时接触。作业人员双手分别握住两个扶手1的后端，用力即可同时将所述第一除锈机构与所述第二除锈机构抬起，由于所述第二除锈机构固定设置在导向件12上，所述第一除锈机构与滑块13固定连接且能够随着滑块13沿着导向件12的长度方向滑动，从而改变所述第一除锈机构与所述第二除锈机构之间的距离。
如图3所示，本实施例中，所述导向件12靠近所述电机座11的一侧开设有滑移槽，所述滑移槽布设在靠近所述第一除锈机构的一侧，所述滑移槽内水平设置有两条轨道12-1，所述轨道12-1的横截面为等腰梯形；所述滑块13上开设有与所述轨道12-1配合的卡槽13-1；所述第二除锈机构的电机座11固定在所述导向件12上，且其布设在远离所述滑移槽的一端。
实际使用时，滑块13仅能够从所述轨道12-1的最左侧滑进导向件12上，滑块13在竖直方向上相对于导向件12的位置固定。向外移动所述第一除锈机构，所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构之间的距离变大，使得所述第一除锈机构的磨砂轮14位于待除锈钢轨30的外侧，所述第二除锈机构的磨砂轮14位于待除锈钢轨30的内侧，便于将所述打磨除锈装置放置在待除锈钢轨30上。
如图2所示，本实施例中，所述摆动调节机构包括固定在所述导向件12上的U型架28、套设在所述安装轴19上且能绕所述安装轴19转动的旋转支撑架18、以及设置在所述U型架28和所述旋转支撑架18之间的摆动连接组件；所述U型架28的开口朝向所述安装轴19。
实际使用时，所述安装轴19固定在滑行支架24的顶部，所述旋转支撑架18套设在所述安装轴19上，可以所述安装轴19上为中心进行转动；
如图2所示，本实施例中，所述摆动连接组件包括设置在所述U型架28和所述旋转支撑架18之间的摆动上梁15和摆动下梁27、以及两个对称设置在所述摆动上梁15和摆动下梁27内外两侧的连接件；所述摆动上梁15和摆动下梁27呈平行布设，且所述摆动上梁15布设在所述摆动下梁27的正上方，所述摆动上梁15和摆动下梁27的长度和宽度均相等；所述摆动上梁15和摆动下梁27的一端均铰接在所述U型架28的开口内，所述摆动上梁15和摆动下梁27的一端均与所述旋转支撑架18铰接。
实际使用时，所述摆动连接组件中的所述摆动上梁15和摆动下梁27的一端均与所述旋转支撑架18铰接，使得两个所述磨砂轮14能够围绕滑行支架24进行上下移动；如图2所示，摆动上梁15和摆动下梁27的后端均铰接在U型架28的开口内，摆动上梁15和摆动下梁27的前端均与旋转支撑架18相铰接，所述第二除锈机构的电机座11与导向件12固定连接，所述第一除锈机构在竖直方向上相对于导向件12位置固定，因此所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构的磨砂轮14均能够围绕旋转支撑架18同步上下摆动，实现对待除锈钢轨30的轨腰上下进行全面打磨。同时旋转支撑架18与安装轴19转动连接，使得所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构能够围绕安装轴19左右摆动，保证所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构的磨砂轮14能够同时分别接触到待除锈钢轨30内外两侧的轨腰。
如图2所示，本实施例中，所述连接件包括铰接在所述摆动上梁15上的套筒16和设置在所述套筒16内且可沿所述套筒16的长度方向滑动的连接杆17，铰接在所述摆动上梁15上的所述套筒16的端部靠近所述U型架28，所述连接杆17的一端伸入至所述套筒16内，所述连接杆17的另一端与所述摆动下梁27铰接连接且其靠近所述旋转支撑架18的一侧。
实际使用时，当两个磨砂轮14围绕旋转支撑架18同步上下摆动时，连接杆17伸入套筒16内的距离亦随着变化，加强了本实用新型打磨机头的稳定性。
如图2所示，本实施例中，所述滑行支架24上对称设置有两个限制所述前滚轮23和后滚轮26位置的定位机构，两个所述定位机构布设在所述滑行支架24的内外两侧，所述定位机构包括固定在所述滑行支架24侧面上的支撑块22、设置在所述待除锈钢轨30一侧的定位轮25、以及连接所述支撑块22和所述定位轮25的连接组件；所述定位轮25布设在前滚轮23的下方，且所述定位轮25与所述待除锈钢轨30的轨腰紧贴。
实际使用时，所述定位机构可限定所述打磨除锈装置在待除锈钢轨30上的位置，防止在进行打磨作业时所述滑行机构脱离待除锈钢轨30。
如图2所示，本实施例中，所述连接组件包括竖向穿设在所述支撑块22内的连接轴20、以及水平设置在所述连接轴20和所述定位轮25之间的定位轴29；所述连接轴20的一端竖向穿过所述支撑块22且所述连接轴20的位于所述支撑块22内的轴段与所述支撑块22螺纹连接，所述连接轴20的另一端与所述定位轴29的一端固定连接，所述定位轴29的另一端穿设在所述定位轮25的中心处且与所述定位轮25转动连接；所述连接轴20的穿出所述支撑块22的端部上设置有手柄21。
实际使用时，内外两侧的两个所述定位轮25之间的水平距离是不变的，由于所述待除锈钢轨30的轨腰由上至下的宽度不是完全相同的，通过调整所述定位轮25的高度，使得两个所述定位轮25能卡接在不同尺寸的所述待除锈钢轨30的轨腰上，以适应多种尺寸的所述待除锈钢轨30的除锈打磨定位功能。
如图4所示的一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备对轨腰进行除锈的方法，包括：
步骤一、安装除锈动力装置和打磨除锈装置：将所述除锈动力装置放置在一对所述待除锈钢轨30上，并将所述打磨除锈装置放置在其中一个所述待除锈钢轨30上，使所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构放置在所述待除锈钢轨30的内外两侧；
步骤二、调节磨砂轮的位置：根据所述待除锈钢轨30的宽度调节所述 第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮14和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮14之间的间距，当需要增加两个所述磨砂轮14之间的间距时，执行步骤201；当需要减小两个所述磨砂轮14之间的间距时，执行步骤202；
步骤201、手握两个所述扶手1，向远离所述待除锈钢轨30的方向移动所述第一除锈机构上的扶手1，所述第一除锈机构向远离所述待除锈钢轨30的方向移动，使得所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮14向远离所述待除锈钢轨30的方向移动，增加所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮14和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮14之间的间距，使得两侧的磨砂轮14与所述待除锈钢轨30的轨腰紧贴；
步骤202、手握两个所述扶手1，向靠近所述待除锈钢轨30的方向移动所述第一除锈机构上的扶手1，所述第一除锈机构向靠近所述待除锈钢轨30的方向移动，使得所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮14向靠近所述待除锈钢轨30的方向移动，减小所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮14和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮14之间的间距，使得两侧的磨砂轮14与所述待除锈钢轨30的轨腰紧贴；
步骤三、调节定位机构的位置：转动所述手柄21，同时使得所述定位轮25旋转，直至所述定位轮25与所述待除锈钢轨30的轨腰紧贴，停止转动所述手柄21；
步骤四、除锈，过程如下：
步骤401、同时启动所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构上的电机10，先手握两个所述扶手1并由上至下移动扶手1，使得两个所述磨砂轮14对所述待除锈钢轨30上处于同一横断面内的轨腰进行打磨；将同一横断面内的轨腰的底部打磨完后，同时推动两个扶手1沿着所述待除锈钢轨30的延伸方向移动，移动的距离不大于所述磨砂轮14的直径，然后手握两个所述扶手1并由下至上移动扶手1，使得两个所述磨砂轮14对所述待除锈钢轨30上处于下一横断面内的轨腰进行打磨；
步骤402、多次重复步骤401，直至完成所述待除锈钢轨30上全部轨腰的打磨工作；
步骤五、卸除打磨除锈装置，过程如下：
步骤501、同时关闭所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构上的电机10，反向转动所述手柄21，直至所述定位轮25与所述待除锈钢轨30的轨腰分离，停止转动所述手柄21；
步骤502、手握两个所述扶手1，向远离所述待除锈钢轨30的方向移动所述第一除锈机构上的扶手1，所述第一除锈机构向远离所述待除锈钢轨30的方向移动，使得所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮14向远离所述待除锈钢轨30的方向移动，增加所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮14和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮14之间的间距；
步骤六、移动打磨除锈装置并清除另一根待除锈钢轨的铁锈：将所述打磨除锈装置抬至另一根待除锈钢轨30上，重复步骤一至步骤五，对另一根待除锈钢轨30进行打磨除锈。
实际使用时，所述电机10通电后，电机10的输出轴带动旋转轴31转动，磨砂轮14固定设置在旋转轴31的底端，因而磨砂轮14同步转动，磨砂轮14于待除锈钢轨30的轨腰接触，磨砂轮14转动时对待除锈钢轨30的轨腰进行打磨除锈。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制，凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，包括设置在待除锈钢轨(30)上的除锈动力装置和设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)上且与所述除锈动力装置相连接的打磨除锈装置；
    所述打磨除锈装置包括竖向设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)上的除锈机构和设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)上且用于带动所述除锈机构移动的滑行机构，所述除锈机构和所述滑行机构之间通过可调节支撑机构连接；
    所述除锈机构包括两个对称设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)内外两侧的第一除锈机构和第二除锈机构，所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构的结构尺寸均相同；所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构均包括水平设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)一侧的磨砂轮(14)、竖向连接在所述磨砂轮(14)中心的旋转轴(31)、以及设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)上方且用于带动所述旋转轴(31)转动的电机(10)；
    所述电机(10)通过电机座(11)布设在所述待除锈钢轨(30)的上方，所述电机(10)的输出轴和所述旋转轴(31)的顶端连接，所述旋转轴(31)的底端与所述磨砂轮(14)转动连接；所述电机座(11)上固定有扶手(1)；
    所述滑行机构包括设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)上方的滑行支架(24)、以及均设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)的顶面上且可沿所述待除锈钢轨(30)的延伸方向滑行的前滚轮(23)和后滚轮(26)，所述前滚轮(23)和后滚轮(26)均安装在所述滑行支架(24)上；
    所述可调节支撑机构包括连接所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构且用于调节所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构之间距离的位置调节机构、竖向设置在所述滑行支架(24)顶部的安装轴(19)、以及设置在所述位置调节机构和所述安装轴(19)之间的摆动调节机构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，其中，所述除锈动力装置包括设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)上的轨道平车(32)和设置在所述轨道平车(32)上且用于为所述打磨除锈装置提供动力的除锈动力机构；所述除锈动力机构包括均设置在所述轨道平车(32)上的配电箱(3)、电池管理箱(4)和多个分体式电池(6)，所述配电箱(3)的输入端与所述电池 管理箱(4)的输出端连接，所述配电箱(3)的输出端通过电缆(2)与所述打磨除锈装置连接；所述电池管理箱(4)的输入端通过快捷插头(5)与所述分体式电池(6)连接；所述电机(10)通过电缆(2)与所述配电箱(3)的输出端连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，其中，所述位置调节机构包括竖向固定在所述第一除锈机构的电机座(11)上的滑块(13)和竖向固定在所述滑块(13)前侧且与所述滑块(13)卡装连接的导向件(12)，所述滑块(13)可沿所述导向件(12)的长度方向移动，所述导向件(12)与所述第二除锈机构的电机座(11)固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，其中，所述导向件(12)靠近所述电机座(11)的一侧开设有滑移槽，所述滑移槽布设在靠近所述第一除锈机构的一侧，所述滑移槽内水平设置有两条轨道(12-1)，所述轨道(12-1)的横截面为等腰梯形；所述滑块(13)上开设有与所述轨道(12-1)配合的卡槽(13-1)；所述第二除锈机构的电机座(11)固定在所述导向件(12)上，且其布设在远离所述滑移槽的一端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，其中，所述摆动调节机构包括固定在所述导向件(12)上的U型架(28)、套设在所述安装轴(19)上且能绕所述安装轴(19)转动的旋转支撑架(18)、以及设置在所述U型架(28)和所述旋转支撑架(18)之间的摆动连接组件；所述U型架(28)的开口朝向所述安装轴(19)。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，其中，所述摆动连接组件包括设置在所述U型架(28)和所述旋转支撑架(18)之间的摆动上梁(15)和摆动下梁(27)、以及两个对称设置在所述摆动上梁(15)和摆动下梁(27)内外两侧的连接件；所述摆动上梁(15)和摆动下梁(27)呈平行布设，且所述摆动上梁(15)布设在所述摆动下梁(27)的正上方，所述摆动上梁(15)和摆动下梁(27)的长度和宽度均相等；所述摆动上梁(15)和摆动下梁(27)的一端均铰接在所述U型架(28)的开口内，所述摆动上梁(15)和摆动下梁(27)的一端均与所述旋转支撑架(18)铰接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，其中，所述连接件包 括铰接在所述摆动上梁(15)上的套筒(16)和设置在所述套筒(16)内且可沿所述套筒(16)的长度方向滑动的连接杆(17)，铰接在所述摆动上梁(15)上的所述套筒(16)的端部靠近所述U型架(28)，所述连接杆(17)的一端伸入至所述套筒(16)内，所述连接杆(17)的另一端与所述摆动下梁(27)铰接连接且其靠近所述旋转支撑架(18)的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，其中，所述滑行支架(24)上对称设置有两个限制所述前滚轮(23)和后滚轮(26)位置的定位机构，两个所述定位机构布设在所述滑行支架(24)的内外两侧，所述定位机构包括固定在所述滑行支架(24)侧面上的支撑块(22)、设置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)一侧的定位轮(25)、以及连接所述支撑块(22)和所述定位轮(25)的连接组件；所述定位轮(25)布设在所述前滚轮(23)的下方，且所述定位轮(25)与所述待除锈钢轨(30)的轨腰紧贴。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备，其中，所述连接组件包括竖向穿设在所述支撑块(22)内的连接轴(20)、以及水平设置在所述连接轴(20)和所述定位轮(25)之间的定位轴(29)；所述连接轴(20)的一端竖向穿过所述支撑块(22)且所述连接轴(20)的位于所述支撑块(22)内的轴段与所述支撑块(22)螺纹连接，所述连接轴(20)的另一端与所述定位轴(29)的一端固定连接，所述定位轴(29)的另一端穿设在所述定位轮(25)的中心处且与所述定位轮(25)转动连接；所述连接轴(20)的穿出所述支撑块(22)的端部上设置有手柄(21)。
  10. 利用如权利要求9所述的钢轨焊前轨腰除锈设备对轨腰进行除锈的方法，包括：
    步骤一、安装除锈动力装置和打磨除锈装置：将所述除锈动力装置放置在一对待除锈钢轨(30)上，并将所述打磨除锈装置放置在其中一个所述待除锈钢轨(30)上，使第一除锈机构和第二除锈机构放置在所述待除锈钢轨(30)的内外两侧；
    步骤二、调节磨砂轮的位置：根据所述待除锈钢轨(30)的宽度调节所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)之间的间距，当需要增加两个所述磨砂轮(14)之间的间距时，执行步骤201； 当需要减小两个所述磨砂轮(14)之间的间距时，执行步骤202；
    步骤201、手握两个扶手(1)，向远离所述待除锈钢轨(30)的方向移动所述第一除锈机构上的扶手(1)，所述第一除锈机构向远离所述待除锈钢轨(30)的方向移动，使得所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)向远离所述待除锈钢轨(30)的方向移动，增加所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)之间的间距，使得两侧的磨砂轮(14)与所述待除锈钢轨(30)的轨腰紧贴；
    步骤202、手握两个所述扶手(1)，向靠近所述待除锈钢轨(30)的方向移动所述第一除锈机构上的扶手(1)，所述第一除锈机构向靠近所述待除锈钢轨(30)的方向移动，使得所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)向靠近所述待除锈钢轨(30)的方向移动，减小所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)之间的间距，使得两侧的磨砂轮(14)与所述待除锈钢轨(30)的轨腰紧贴；
    步骤三、调节定位机构的位置：转动手柄(21)，同时使得定位轮(25)旋转，直至所述定位轮(25)与所述待除锈钢轨(30)的轨腰紧贴，停止转动所述手柄(21)；
    步骤四、除锈，过程如下：
    步骤401、同时启动所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构上的电机(10)，先手握两个所述扶手(1)并由上至下移动扶手(1)，使得两个所述磨砂轮(14)对所述待除锈钢轨(30)上处于同一横断面内的轨腰进行打磨；将同一横断面内的轨腰的底部打磨完后，同时推动两个扶手(1)沿着所述待除锈钢轨(30)的延伸方向移动，移动的距离不大于所述磨砂轮(14)的直径，然后手握两个所述扶手(1)并由下至上移动扶手(1)，使得两个所述磨砂轮(14)对所述待除锈钢轨(30)上处于下一横断面内的轨腰进行打磨；
    步骤402、多次重复步骤401，直至完成所述待除锈钢轨(30)上全部轨腰的打磨工作；
    步骤五、卸除打磨除锈装置，过程如下：
    步骤501、同时关闭所述第一除锈机构和所述第二除锈机构上的电机 (10)，反向转动所述手柄(21)，直至所述定位轮(25)与所述待除锈钢轨(30)的轨腰分离，停止转动所述手柄(21)；
    步骤502、手握两个所述扶手(1)，向远离所述待除锈钢轨(30)的方向移动所述第一除锈机构上的扶手(1)，所述第一除锈机构向远离所述待除锈钢轨(30)的方向移动，使得所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)向远离所述待除锈钢轨(30)的方向移动，增加所述第一除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)和所述第二除锈机构上的磨砂轮(14)之间的间距；
    步骤六、移动打磨除锈装置并清除另一根待除锈钢轨的铁锈：将所述打磨除锈装置抬至另一根待除锈钢轨(30)上，重复步骤一至步骤五，对另一根待除锈钢轨(30)进行打磨除锈。
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