WO2023065754A1 - 排气阀组件、压缩机和空调器 - Google Patents

排气阀组件、压缩机和空调器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023065754A1
WO2023065754A1 PCT/CN2022/108190 CN2022108190W WO2023065754A1 WO 2023065754 A1 WO2023065754 A1 WO 2023065754A1 CN 2022108190 W CN2022108190 W CN 2022108190W WO 2023065754 A1 WO2023065754 A1 WO 2023065754A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve plate
exhaust
lower valve
valve
assembly according
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PCT/CN2022/108190
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡余生
魏会军
徐嘉
邹鹏
任丽萍
万鹏凯
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023065754A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023065754A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/12—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • F04C29/124—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet with inlet and outlet valves specially adapted for rotary or oscillating piston pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/06—Silencing

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to an exhaust valve assembly, a compressor and an air conditioner.
  • the compressor is the core component of the refrigeration equipment, and the performance and reliability of the compressor directly determine the quality of the refrigeration equipment.
  • the pump body of the compressor is mainly composed of a cylinder, crankshaft, cover plate, sliding vane, flange, exhaust valve assembly, etc.
  • the crankshaft rotates in the cylinder and drives the sliding vane to reciprocate, and the low pressure is sucked in by changing the volume of the cylinder.
  • the refrigerant is compressed.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant pushes the exhaust valve open through the flange exhaust port to exhaust.
  • the valve plate closes and closes the exhaust port, thereby completing the entire suction and compression. and exhaust process.
  • the technical problem to be solved in the present disclosure is to provide an exhaust valve assembly, a compressor and an air conditioner, which can effectively reduce the force of the valve plate hitting the valve seat and reduce the operating noise of the compressor.
  • an exhaust valve assembly including a flange and an exhaust assembly
  • the flange is provided with a valve seat
  • the valve seat is provided with an exhaust port
  • the exhaust assembly is arranged on the valve seat
  • the exhaust assembly It includes an upper valve plate and a lower valve plate
  • the lower valve plate is set on the valve seat
  • the lower valve plate is provided with a refrigerant flow hole corresponding to the exhaust port, and the projection of the exhaust port along the flow direction of the air flow completely falls into the refrigerant flow hole along the Within the projection range of the air flow direction
  • the upper valve plate can close the refrigerant flow hole
  • the lower valve plate is provided with a damping material on the side adjacent to the valve seat, and the damping material is located on the outer peripheral side of the exhaust port.
  • the damping material is fixed on the lower valve plate by means of interference fit, clamping and/or adhesive bonding.
  • both the upper valve plate and the lower valve plate are fixed at the tail and free at the head, forming a cantilever structure.
  • the upper valve plate and/or the lower valve plate are coated with a vibration-damping coating.
  • the length of the lower valve plate is greater than or equal to the length of the upper valve plate.
  • the stiffness of the upper valve plate is K1
  • the stiffness of the lower valve plate is K2
  • K1/K2 0.9 ⁇ 4.6.
  • the lower valve plate is made of rigid material.
  • both upper and lower surfaces of the upper valve plate are coated with a vibration-damping coating; and/or, both upper and lower surfaces of the lower valve plate are coated with a vibration-damping coating.
  • the vibration dampening coating is made of graphite or PTFE.
  • the upper valve plate includes at least one valve plate; and/or, the lower valve plate includes at least one valve plate.
  • a vibration-damping groove is provided on a side of the valve seat adjacent to the lower valve plate, and the vibration-damping groove is arranged corresponding to the middle portion of the lower valve plate.
  • a compressor including a discharge valve assembly, which is the above-mentioned discharge valve assembly.
  • an air conditioner including an exhaust valve assembly, which is the above-mentioned exhaust valve assembly.
  • the exhaust valve assembly provided by the present disclosure includes a flange and an exhaust assembly, the flange is provided with a valve seat, the valve seat is provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust assembly is arranged on the valve seat, and the exhaust assembly includes an upper valve plate and a lower valve plate.
  • the valve plate, the lower valve plate is set on the valve seat, and the lower valve plate is provided with a refrigerant flow hole corresponding to the exhaust port.
  • the projection of the exhaust port along the air flow direction completely falls into the projection range of the refrigerant flow hole along the air flow direction Inside, the upper valve plate can close the refrigerant flow hole, and the lower valve plate is provided with a damping material on the side facing the valve seat, and the damping material is located on the outer peripheral side of the exhaust port.
  • the exhaust valve assembly adopts a multi-valve structure, and makes the projection of the exhaust port along the air flow direction completely fall within the projection range of the refrigerant flow hole along the air flow direction.
  • the opening of the flow hole is large, and the refrigerant can directly pass through the lower valve plate without affecting the exhaust, so it has a high exhaust efficiency.
  • the upper valve plate moves downward and hits directly on the lower valve plate. Since the lower valve plate is provided with damping material on the side facing the valve seat, the vibration energy can be consumed through the vibration of the lower valve plate at this time.
  • the damping material on the contact side performs damping and vibration reduction, absorbs part of the impact energy, and reduces the impact on the valve seat, thereby effectively reducing the operating noise of the compressor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a pump body assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pump body assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at L in Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lower valve plate of the exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the lower valve plate of the exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the lower valve plate of the exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the A-A direction of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the lower valve plate of the exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 16 is a structural dimension diagram of the lower valve plate of the exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 17 is a comparison curve of noise between the upper and lower valve plates of the exhaust valve assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure with different ⁇ /t under nominal cooling conditions and the original scheme;
  • Fig. 18 is the noise comparison curve of the exhaust valve assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure with the upper and lower valve plates with different ⁇ /t under the second and third rated refrigeration working conditions and the original scheme;
  • Fig. 19 is a comparison curve of noise between the upper and lower valve plates of the exhaust valve assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure with different ⁇ /t under nominal cooling conditions and the original scheme;
  • Fig. 20 is the noise comparison curve of the exhaust valve assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure with the upper and lower valve plates with different ⁇ /t under the second and third rated refrigeration working conditions and the original scheme;
  • Fig. 21 is a comparison curve of noise between the upper and lower valve plates of the exhaust valve assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure with different K1/K2 under nominal cooling conditions and the original scheme;
  • Fig. 22 is the noise comparison curve of the exhaust valve assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure with different K1/K2 upper and lower valve plates under the second and third rated refrigeration working conditions and the original scheme;
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of the upper valve plate of the exhaust valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the exhaust valve assembly includes a flange 1 and an exhaust assembly, the flange 1 is provided with a valve seat 2, the valve seat 2 is provided with an exhaust port 3, and the exhaust valve
  • the air component is set on the valve seat 2
  • the exhaust component includes an upper valve plate 4 and a lower valve plate 5, the lower valve plate 5 is set on the valve seat 2, and the lower valve plate 5 is provided with a refrigerant flow hole 6 corresponding to the exhaust port 3 , the projection of the exhaust port 3 along the air flow direction completely falls within the projection range of the refrigerant flow hole 6 along the air flow direction, the upper valve plate 4 can close the refrigerant flow hole 6, and the lower valve plate 5 faces a part of the valve seat 2
  • a damping material 10 is provided on the side, and the damping material 10 is located outside the exhaust port 3 .
  • the exhaust valve assembly adopts a multi-valve structure, and makes the projection of the exhaust port 3 along the flow direction of the air flow completely fall within the projection range of the refrigerant circulation hole 6 along the flow direction of the air flow.
  • the refrigerant can directly pass through the lower valve plate 5 without affecting the exhaust, thus having a high exhaust efficiency.
  • the upper valve plate 4 moves downward and directly hits the lower valve plate 5. Since the side of the lower valve plate 5 facing the valve seat 2 is provided with damping material, it can pass through the lower valve plate at this time.
  • Vibration is generated to consume vibration energy.
  • the damping material on the side in contact with the valve seat 2 is used for damping and vibration reduction, absorbing part of the impact energy and reducing the impact on the valve seat 2, thereby effectively reducing the operating noise of the compressor.
  • the exhaust valve assembly adopts two or more valve plates with different rigidities, wherein the lower valve plate 5 does not move, while the upper valve plate 4 reciprocates between the valve seat 2 and the valve plate baffle 12 , and at the same time increase the damping material on the lower valve plate 5 to enhance the damping effect.
  • the exhaust valve assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure uses a simple and compact structure to greatly reduce the force of the valve plate hitting the valve seat.
  • the damping material 10 is fixed on the lower valve plate 5 through interference fit and/or adhesive bonding.
  • the damping material 10 and the lower valve plate 5 can be fixedly connected together through interference fit, or can be fixedly connected together through adhesive bonding, or can be fixedly connected together through interference fit and They are fixedly connected together by adhesive bonding, and the damping material 10 can also be fixedly connected with the lower valve plate 5 by clipping.
  • the damping material 10 is circular, the mounting end of the damping material 10 is provided with a mounting post, and the lower valve plate 5 is provided with a mounting hole, and the damping material 10 is installed in the mounting hole of the lower valve plate 5 through the mounting post
  • the mounting post of the damping material 10 and the mounting hole of the lower valve plate 5 are interference fit, and can also be glued and fixed at the same time, thereby further improving the stability of the connection structure between the damping material 10 and the lower valve plate 5 .
  • the damping material 10 is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the lower valve plate 5, and the mounting columns of the damping material 10 on the upper and lower sides are butted in the mounting holes of the lower valve plate 5, so that the upper and lower sides of the lower valve plate 5 Both can form effective damping and vibration reduction through the damping material 10 .
  • both the upper valve plate 4 and the lower valve plate 5 are fixed at the tail parts 41 and 51, and the opposite heads 42 and 52 are free, forming a cantilever structure, so that the cantilever structure can be used to produce better lightening effect. vibration effect.
  • the lower valve plate 5 further includes a damping leg 7, and the lower valve plate 5 is fixedly connected to the valve seat 2 through the ends of the damping leg 7.
  • valve plate is a single-leg structure, and multiple valve plates are stacked to form effective vibration and noise reduction.
  • the upper valve plate 4 and/or the lower valve plate 5 are coated with a vibration-damping coating.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the upper valve plate 4 and the lower valve plate 5 are coated with vibration-damping coatings such as graphite and PTFE, which can reduce the flapping force of the valve plates.
  • the thickness H of the upper coating layer and the thickness h of the lower coating layer of each valve plate may be equal or unequal.
  • the refrigerant flow hole 6 provided by the head portion 52 of the lower valve plate 5 has a shape such as a circle, a rhombus, a parallelogram or other shapes, and the refrigerant flow hole 6 on the lower valve plate 5 cannot block the exhaust on the valve seat 2. Port 3, so as not to reduce the compression efficiency of the compressor.
  • the upper valve plate 4 is not provided with a refrigerant circulation hole 6, but adopts a flat plate structure, so the refrigerant circulation hole 6 on the lower valve plate 5 and the exhaust port 3 on the valve seat 2 can be completely covered and sealed.
  • the damping material 10 can be rubber or plastic flexible materials such as silicone, PA, PC, PTFE, etc., and is connected and fixed by interference fit of connectors or other stable and reliable methods.
  • the maximum outer diameter ⁇ A of the damping material 10 is less than or equal to the lower valve plate 5 The head diameter ⁇ B.
  • the length of the lower valve plate 5 is greater than or equal to the length of the upper valve plate 4, which can ensure that the entire upper valve plate 4 slaps on the lower valve plate 5, so that the upper valve plate can be more effectively eliminated by the lower valve plate 5.
  • Sheet 4 is for the clapping force of valve seat 2, and the length of upper and lower valve sheet 4 and 5 is the length from the head of upper and lower valve sheet to afterbody.
  • the material of the lower valve plate 5 is, for example, rigid material such as metal, and a smaller thickness of the valve plate can be adopted, thereby effectively reducing the clearance volume.
  • the upper valve plate 4 includes at least one valve plate; and/or, the lower valve plate 5 includes at least one valve plate.
  • a vibration-damping groove 11 is provided on a side of the valve seat 2 adjacent to the lower valve plate 5 , and the vibration-damping groove 11 is disposed corresponding to the middle portion of the lower valve plate 5 . Since the valve seat 2 is provided with a vibration-damping groove 11, the lower valve plate 5 will produce a stronger deformation and vibration effect after being slapped, thereby consuming more slapping energy and forming a better vibration-damping effect .
  • valve plates 4 and one lower valve plate 5 there are two upper valve plates 4 and one lower valve plate 5, and the two upper valve plates 4 are stacked on the lower valve plate 5 sequentially from bottom to top, and fixed on the valve seat with rivets 2 on.
  • valve plate 4 there is one upper valve plate 4 and two lower valve plates 5, and the two lower valve plates 5 are stacked sequentially from bottom to top and fixed on the valve seat 2 with rivets.
  • the number of upper valve plates 4 is two
  • the number of lower valve plates 5 is two
  • the two upper valve plates 4 and the two lower valve plates 5 are stacked sequentially from bottom to top and fixed with rivets on seat 2.
  • the number of the upper valve plate 4 and the lower valve plate 5 can also be other pieces, and the stacked assembly and fixing are carried out sequentially from bottom to top.
  • upper valve plate 4 comprises tail portion 41, waist portion 43 and head 42, the width of waist portion 43 is smaller than the width of tail portion 41 and head portion 42, waist portion 44 is positioned between tail portion 45 and head portion 43 and connect the two.
  • the lower valve plate 5 includes a tail portion 51, a waist 53 and a head 52, the width of the waist 53 is smaller than the width of the tail 51 and the head 52, and the waist 53 is located at the tail 51 and the head 52 between and connect the two.
  • the stiffness of the upper valve plate 4 is K1
  • the stiffness of the lower valve plate 5 is K2
  • K1/K2 0.9 ⁇ 4.6.
  • the relevant technical scheme refers to the single exhaust valve structure. of the compressor.
  • K here refers to the stiffness of the single valve plate in the related technical solution
  • K1 refers to the stiffness of the upper valve plate
  • K2 refers to the stiffness of the lower valve plate.
  • the compressor includes a discharge valve assembly, which is the above-mentioned discharge valve assembly.
  • the crankshaft 14 rotates to drive the roller 13 to move in the cylinder 16.
  • the roller 13 cooperates with the sliding plate 15 to increase the volume of the suction chamber of the cylinder 16, and the low-pressure refrigerant enters the cylinder 16 from the suction port.
  • the crankshaft 14 rotates to a certain angle, the air suction of the compressor is completed, and then the volume of the air cavity gradually decreases to enter the state of compressing the refrigerant, and the upper valve plate 4 is closed during the air suction and compression process.
  • the upper valve plate 4 When the compressed refrigerant reaches the exhaust pressure, the upper valve plate 4 is pushed up to the valve plate baffle plate 12 under the action of the refrigerant pressure difference. Since the refrigerant flow hole 6 of the lower valve plate 5 will not block the exhaust port 3, there is no The refrigerant will impact the bottom of the lower valve section 5, so the bottom pressure of the lower valve section 5 is relatively low, while the top pressure is the higher condensation pressure inside the shell. The lower valve section 5 is pressed tightly against the valve seat 2 under the action of high-pressure refrigerant in the shell. On, there will be no movement in the axial or other directions.
  • the crankshaft 14 continues to rotate, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is gradually discharged from the pump body through the exhaust port 3, and the internal pressure of the pump body will gradually decrease.
  • the upper valve plate 4 moves downward until Close exhaust port 3.
  • the lower valve plate 5 will be slapped, causing the lower valve plate 5 to vibrate in different degrees, consuming part of the slapping energy, thereby reducing the slapping force of the upper valve plate 4, and reducing the noise of the compressor , improving the user experience.
  • the above-mentioned slapping process adopts the principle of cantilever beam force deformation.
  • the first ends 41 and 51 of the upper valve plate 4 and the lower valve plate 5 are fixed, and the second ends 42 and 52 are free, forming a cantilever beam structure.
  • the upper valve plate 4 runs upwards and separates from the lower valve plate 5 under the action of the pressure difference of the refrigerant, the lower valve plate 5 will bounce back and form a vibration. Vibration, thus consuming part of the slapping energy.
  • an air conditioner includes an exhaust valve assembly, which is the above-mentioned exhaust valve assembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种排气阀组件、压缩机和空调器。排气阀组件包括法兰（1）和排气组件，法兰（1）设置有阀座（2），阀座（2）设置有排气口（3），排气组件设置在阀座（2）上，排气组件包括上阀片（4）和下阀片（5），下阀片（5）设置在阀座（2）上，下阀片（5）对应于排气口（3）设置有冷媒流通孔（6），排气口（3）沿着气流流动方向的投影完全落入冷媒流通孔（6）沿着气流流动方向的投影范围内，上阀片（4）能够封闭冷媒流通孔（6），下阀片（5）朝向阀座（2）的一侧设置有阻尼材料（10），阻尼材料（10）位于排气口（3）的外周侧。这种排气阀组件能够有效降低阀片拍击阀座的作用力，降低压缩机运行噪音。

Description

排气阀组件、压缩机和空调器
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开是以中国申请号为202111236208.X，申请日为2021年10月22日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该中国申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及压缩机技术领域，具体涉及一种排气阀组件、压缩机和空调器。
背景技术
压缩机是制冷设备的核心部件，压缩机的性能及可靠性的好坏直接决定了制冷设备的好坏。压缩机泵体主要由气缸、曲轴、盖板、滑片、法兰、排气阀组件等组成，压缩机运行时，曲轴在气缸中旋转并带动滑片往复运动，通过改变气缸的容积吸入低压冷媒并进行压缩，当冷媒压力冷凝压力时，高压冷媒通过法兰排气口将排气阀片顶开进行排气，排气结束后阀片闭合关闭排气口，从而完成整个吸气、压缩和排气过程。
在这过程中，排气阀片不断地开启闭合，由于压力差和弹性形变的作用，排气阀片在闭合时容易产生较大的拍击作用力，从而产生噪声。因此，如何降低阀片拍击阀座的作用力，是降低压缩机运行噪音研究的关键内容。
发明内容
因此，本公开要解决的技术问题在于提供一种排气阀组件、压缩机和空调器，能够有效降低阀片拍击阀座的作用力，降低压缩机运行噪音。
为了解决上述问题，本公开提供一种排气阀组件，包括法兰和排气组件，法兰设置有阀座，阀座设置有排气口，排气组件设置在阀座上，排气组件包括上阀片和下阀片，下阀片设置在阀座上，下阀片对应于排气口设置有冷媒流通孔，排气口沿着气流流动方向的投影完全落入冷媒流通孔沿着气流流动方向的投影范围内，上阀片能够封闭冷媒流通孔，下阀片邻近于阀座的一侧设置有阻尼材料，阻尼材料位于排气口的外周侧。
在一些实施例中，阻尼材料通过过盈配合、卡接和/或粘合剂粘接的方式固定在下阀片上。
在一些实施例中，上阀片和下阀片均为尾部是固定的，头部是自由的，形成悬臂结构。
在一些实施例中，上阀片和/或下阀片上涂覆有减振涂层。
在一些实施例中，下阀片的长度大于或等于上阀片的长度。
在一些实施例中，上阀片包括腰部，上阀片的腰部宽度为δ，厚度为t，其中δ/t＝4.9～8.3；和/或，下阀片包括腰部，下阀片的腰部宽度为δ，厚度为t，其中δ/t＝4.9～8.3。
在一些实施例中，上阀片的刚度为K1，下阀片的刚度为K2，K1/K2＝0.9～4.6。
在一些实施例中，下阀片采用刚性材料制成。
在一些实施例中，上阀片的上下两面均涂覆有减振涂层；和/或，下阀片的上下两面均涂覆有减振涂层。
在一些实施例中，减振涂层由石墨或PTFE制成。
在一些实施例中，上阀片包括至少一个阀片；和/或，下阀片包括至少一个阀片。
在一些实施例中，阀座邻近于下阀片的一侧上设有减振槽，减振槽对应于下阀片的中间部分地布置。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种压缩机，包括排气阀组件，该排气阀组件为上述的排气阀组件。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种空调器，包括排气阀组件，该排气阀组件为上述的排气阀组件。
本公开提供的排气阀组件，包括法兰和排气组件，法兰设置有阀座，阀座设置有排气口，排气组件设置在阀座上，排气组件包括上阀片和下阀片，下阀片设置在阀座上，下阀片对应于排气口设置有冷媒流通孔，排气口沿着气流流动方向的投影完全落入冷媒流通孔沿着气流流动方向的投影范围内，上阀片能够封闭冷媒流通孔，下阀片朝向阀座的一侧设置有阻尼材料，阻尼材料位于排气口的外周侧。该排气阀组件采用多阀片结构，且使得排气口沿着气流流动方向的投影完全落入冷媒流通孔沿着气流流动方向的投影范围内，在冷媒从排气口排出后，由于冷媒流通孔开孔较大，冷媒可以直接穿过下阀片，不会对排气产生影响，从而具有较高的排气效率，在排气结束时，由于压力差和上阀片变形力的共同作用，上阀片向下运动，直接拍击在下阀片上，由于下阀片朝向阀座的一侧设置有阻尼材料，因此此时可以通过下阀片产生震颤消耗振动能量，同时利用与阀座接触一侧的阻尼材料进行阻尼减振，吸收部分撞击能量，减小对阀座的冲击，从而有效降低压缩机的运行噪音。
附图说明
图1为本公开一个实施例的泵体组件的分解结构示意图；
图2为本公开一个实施例的泵体组件的结构示意图；
图3为图2的L处的放大结构示意图；
图4为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的下阀片的结构示意图；
图5为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的下阀片的结构示意图；
图6为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的下阀片的结构示意图；
图7为图5的A-A向剖视结构示意图；
图8为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的下阀片的结构示意图；
图9为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的结构示意图；
图10为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的结构示意图；
图11为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的分解结构示意图；
图12为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的结构示意图；
图13为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的分解结构示意图；
图14为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的结构示意图；
图15为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的分解结构示意图；
图16为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的下阀片的结构尺寸图；
图17为本公开实施例的排气阀组件不同δ/t的上下阀片在名义制冷工况下与原始方案的噪声对比曲线；
图18为本公开实施例的排气阀组件不同δ/t的上下阀片在二三级额定制冷工况下与原始方案的噪声对比曲线；
图19为本公开实施例的排气阀组件不同δ/t的上下阀片在名义制冷工况下与原始方案的噪声对比曲线；
图20为本公开实施例的排气阀组件不同δ/t的上下阀片在二三级额定制冷工况下与原始方案的噪声对比曲线；
图21为本公开实施例的排气阀组件不同K1/K2的上下阀片在名义制冷工况下与原始方案的噪声对比曲线；
图22为本公开实施例的排气阀组件不同K1/K2的上下阀片在二三级额定制冷工况下与原始方案的噪声对比曲线；
图23为本公开一个实施例的排气阀组件的上阀片的结构示意图。
附图标记表示为：
1、法兰；2、阀座；3、排气口；4、上阀片；5、下阀片；6、冷媒流通孔；7、减振支脚；9、安装孔；10、阻尼材料；11、减振槽；12、阀片挡板；13、滚子；14、曲轴；15、滑片；16、气缸；41、上阀片尾部；43、上阀片腰部；42、上阀片头部；51、下阀片尾部；53、上阀片腰部；52、上阀片头部。
具体实施方式
结合参见图1至图22所示，根据本公开的实施例，排气阀组件包括法兰1和排气组件，法兰1设置有阀座2，阀座2设置有排气口3，排气组件设置在阀座2上，排气组件包括上阀片4和下阀片5，下阀片5设置在阀座2上，下阀片5对应于排气口3设置有冷媒流通孔6，排气口3沿着气流流动方向的投影完全落入冷媒流通孔6沿着气流流动方向的投影范围内，上阀片4能够封闭冷媒流通孔6，下阀片5朝向阀座2的一侧设置有阻尼材料10，阻尼材料10位于排气口3的外侧。
该排气阀组件采用多阀片结构，且使得排气口3沿着气流流动方向的投影完全落入冷媒流通孔6沿着气流流动方向的投影范围内，在冷媒从排气口3排出后，由于冷媒流通孔6开孔较大，冷媒可以直接穿过下阀片5，不会对排气产生影响，从而具有较高的排气效率，在排气结束时，由于压力差和上阀片4变形力的共同作用，上阀片4向下运动，直接拍击在下阀片5上，由于下阀片5朝向阀座2的一侧设置有阻尼材料，因此此时可以通过下阀片5产生震颤消耗振动能量，同时利用与阀座2接触一侧的阻尼材料进行阻尼减振，吸收部分撞击能量，减小对阀座2的冲击，从而有效降低压缩机的运行噪音。
在本实施例中，排气阀组件采用两个或多个不同刚度的阀片，其中的下阀片5不运动，而上阀片4在阀座2和阀片挡板12之间往复运动，同时通过在下阀片5上增加阻尼材料以增强减振效果。本公开实施例的排气阀组件，使用简单紧凑的结构较大幅度的降低阀片拍击阀座的作用力。
在一个实施例中，阻尼材料10通过过盈配合和/或粘合剂粘接的方式固定在下阀片5上。在本实施例中，阻尼材料10可以与下阀片5之间通过过盈配合的方式固定连接在一起，也可以通过粘合剂粘接的方式固定连接在一起，还可以通过过盈配合和粘合剂粘接共同作用的方式固定连接在一起，阻尼材料10也可以与下阀片5之间通过卡接的方式固定连接在一起。
在本实施例中，阻尼材料10为圆环状，阻尼材料10的安装端设置有安装柱，下阀片5上设置有安装孔，阻尼材料10通过安装柱安装在下阀片5的安装孔内，阻尼材料10的安装柱与下阀片5的安装孔之间是过盈配合，也可以同时进行胶粘固定，从而进一步提高阻尼材料10与下阀片5之间的连接结构的稳固性。
在本实施例中，阻尼材料10设置在下阀片5的上下两侧，上下两侧的阻尼材料10的安装柱在下阀片5的安装孔内实现对接，从而使得下阀片5的上下两侧均能够通过阻尼材料10形成有效的阻尼减振。
在一个实施例中，上阀片4和下阀片5均为尾部41和51是固定的，相对的头部42和52是自由的，形成悬臂结构，从而可以利用悬臂结构产生更好的减振效果。
在一个实施例中，下阀片5还包括减振支脚7，下阀片5通过减振支脚7的末端固定 连接在阀座2上。
在本实施例中，阀片为单支脚结构，通过多阀片叠加的方式形成有效减振降噪。
在一个实施例中，上阀片4和/或下阀片5上涂覆有减振涂层。在本实施例中，在上阀片4和下阀片5的上下两面涂覆有石墨、PTFE等减振涂层，能够降低阀片的拍击力。各个阀片的上涂层的厚度H和下涂层的厚度h可以相等，也可以不相等。
下阀片5的头部52开设的冷媒流通孔6，形状例如为圆形、菱形、平行四边形或其它形状，在下阀片5上的冷媒流通孔6均不能遮挡住阀座2上的排气口3，以免降低压缩机的压缩效率。
上阀片4上不设置冷媒流通孔6，而是采用平板结构，因此可以完全覆盖和密封下阀片5上的冷媒流通孔6以及阀座2上的排气口3。
阻尼材料10可以是硅胶、PA、PC、PTFE等橡胶或塑料柔性材料，通过连接件过盈配合或其它稳定可靠的方式进行连接固定，阻尼材料10的最大外径φA小于或等于下阀片5的头部直径φB。
在一个实施例中，下阀片5的长度大于或等于上阀片4的长度，能够保证上阀片4整个拍击在下阀片5上，从而能够更加有效地通过下阀片5消解上阀片4对于阀座2的拍击作用力，上、下阀片4和5的长度是从上、下阀片的头部到尾部的长度。
下阀片5的材质例如为金属等刚性材料，可以采用较小的阀片厚度，从而有效减少余隙容积。
在一个实施例中，上阀片4包括至少一个阀片；和/或，下阀片5包括至少一个阀片。
在一个实施例中，阀座2邻近于下阀片5的一侧上设置有减振槽11，减振槽11对应于下阀片5的中间部分设置。由于阀座2上设置有减振槽11，因此下阀片5在受到拍击后，会产生更强的变形颤振效果，从而消耗掉更多的拍击能量，形成更佳的减振效果。
在一个实施例中，上阀片4的数量为两个，下阀片5的数量为一个，两个上阀片4由下而上依次叠放在下阀片5上，并用铆钉固定在阀座2上。
在一个实施例中，上阀片4的数量为一个，下阀片5的数量为两个，两个下阀片5由下至上依次叠放，并用铆钉固定在阀座2上。
在一个实施例中，上阀片4的数量为两个，下阀片5的数量为两个，两个上阀片4和两个下阀片5由下而上依次叠放，并用铆钉固定在阀座2上。
上阀片4和下阀片5的数量也可以为其它片数，由下而上依次进行层叠式装配和固定。
在图23所示的一个实施例中，上阀片4包括尾部41、腰部43和头部42，腰部43的宽度小于尾部41和头部42的宽度，腰部44位于尾部45和头部43之间且将两者相连。上阀片4的腰部宽度为δ，厚度为t，其中δ/t＝4.9～8.3。结合参见图17和图18所示，为上阀片4的腰部宽度δ与厚度t比值在名义制冷和二三级额定制冷工况与原始方案的噪 声对比曲线，从中可以看出，压缩机运行频率在25Hz以上的噪声显著优于相关技术的方案(δ/t＝8.3，单阀片)。
在如图5所示的一个实施例中，下阀片5包括尾部51、腰部53和头部52，腰部53的宽度小于尾部51和头部52的宽度，腰部53位于尾部51和头部52之间且将两者相连。下阀片5的腰部宽度为δ，厚度为t，其中δ/t＝4.9～8.3。结合参见图19和图20所示，为下阀片5的腰部宽度δ与厚度t比值在名义制冷和二三级额定制冷工况与原始方案的噪声对比曲线，从中可以看出，压缩机运行频率在25Hz以上的噪声显著优于相关技术的方案(δ/t＝8.3，单阀片)。
在一个实施例中，上阀片4的刚度为K1，下阀片5的刚度为K2，K1/K2＝0.9～4.6。结合参见图21和图22所示，为上下阀片的不同刚度比值在名义制冷和二三级额定制冷工况与原始方案的噪声对比曲线，其中相关技术方案指的是单排气阀片结构的压缩机。这里的K指的是相关技术方案中的单阀片刚度，K1指的是上阀片刚度，K2指的是下阀片刚度。
图21为不同刚度比值(K1/K2＝0.9～4.6)的上下阀片在名义制冷工况下与相关技术方案的噪声对比曲线，从中可以看出，压缩机运行频率在25Hz以上的噪声显著优于相关技术中的单阀片方案(K＝5.5)。
图22为不同刚度比值(K1/K2＝0.9～4.6)的上下阀片在二三级制冷工况下与相关技术方案的噪声对比曲线，从中可以看出，压缩机运行频率在25Hz以上的噪声显著优于相关技术中的单阀片方案(K＝5.5)。
根据本公开的实施例，压缩机包括排气阀组件，该排气阀组件为上述的排气阀组件。
当压缩机正常工作时，曲轴14旋转带动滚子13在气缸16中运动，滚子13与滑片15配合，使气缸16的吸气腔容积增大，低压冷媒从吸气口进入气缸16，当曲轴14转动到一定角度时压缩机吸气完成，此后气腔容积逐渐变小进入压缩冷媒状态，吸气及压缩过程中上阀片4均闭合。
当压缩冷媒到达排气压力时，在冷媒压力差的作用下将上阀片4向上推至阀片挡板12，由于下阀片5的冷媒流通孔6不会遮挡住排气口3，没有冷媒会冲击到下阀片5底部，因此下阀片5底部压力较低，而顶部压力为壳体内部较高的冷凝压力，下阀片5在壳体内高压冷媒作用下紧压在阀座2上，不会产生轴向或其它方向的运动。
随着曲轴14继续旋转通过排气口3将高温高压冷媒逐渐排出泵体，泵体内部压力会逐渐降低，在冷媒压力差和阀片弹簧力的共同作用下，上阀片4向下运动直至关闭排气口3。在上述关闭过程中，会拍击到下阀片5导致下阀片5产生不同程度的颤振，消耗掉部分拍击能量，从而减少上阀片4的拍击力，降低了压缩机的噪声，改善了用户体验。上述拍击过程采用了悬臂梁受力变形原理，上阀片4和下阀片5第一端41和51是固定的，第二端42和52是自由的，形成了悬臂梁结构，上阀片4向下拍击到下阀片5，下阀片5受 力在前端产生变形，当上阀片4在冷媒压力差的作用下向上运行脱离下阀片5后，下阀片5会反弹形成颤振，从而消耗掉部分拍击能量。
根据本公开的实施例，空调器包括排气阀组件，该排气阀组件为上述的排气阀组件。
本领域的技术人员容易理解的是，在不冲突的前提下，上述各有利方式可以自由地组合、叠加。
以上仅为本公开的一些实施例而已，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。以上仅是本公开的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变型，这些改进和变型也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种排气阀组件，包括法兰(1)和排气组件(4，5)，所述法兰(1)设置有阀座(2)，所述阀座(2)设置有排气口(3)，所述排气组件设置在所述阀座(2)上，所述排气组件包括上阀片(4)和下阀片(5)，所述下阀片(5)设置在所述阀座(2)上，所述下阀片(5)设置有对应于所述排气口(3)的冷媒流通孔(6)，所述排气口(3)沿着气流流动方向的投影完全落入所述冷媒流通孔(6)沿着气流流动方向的投影范围内，所述上阀片(4)被构造可以封闭所述冷媒流通孔(6)，所述下阀片(5)邻近于所述阀座(2)的一侧设置有阻尼材料(10)，所述阻尼材料(10)位于所述排气口(3)的外侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的排气阀组件，其中所述阻尼材料(10)通过过盈配合、卡接和/或粘合剂粘接的方式固定在所述下阀片(5)上。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的排气阀组件，其中所述上阀片(4)和所述下阀片(5)的尾部(41，51)均是固定的，所述上阀片(4)和所述下阀片(5)的头部(42，52)均是自由的，使得所述上阀片(4)和所述下阀片(5)形成为悬臂结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一所述的排气阀组件，其中所述上阀片(4)和/或所述下阀片(5)上涂覆有减振涂层。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的排气阀组件，其中所述下阀片(5)的长度大于或等于所述上阀片(4)的长度。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的排气阀组件，其中所述上阀片(4)包括腰部(43)，所述腰部(44)位于所述尾部(41)和所述头部(42)之间将两者相连，所述上阀片(4)的腰部(44)宽度为δ，厚度为t，其中δ/t＝4.9～8.3；和/或，所述下阀片(5)包括腰部(53)，所述腰部(53)位于所述尾部(51)和所述头部(52)之间将两者相连，所述下阀片(5)的腰部宽度为δ，厚度为t，其中δ/t＝4.9～8.3。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的排气阀组件，其中所述上阀片(4)的刚度为K1，所述下阀片(5)的刚度为K2，K1/K2＝0.9～4.6。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的排气阀组件，其中所述下阀片(5)采用刚性材料制成。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的排气阀组件，其中所述上阀片(4)的上下侧面均涂覆有减振涂层；和/或，所述下阀片(5)的上下侧面均涂覆有减振涂层。
  10. 根据权利要求4-9中任一项所述的排气阀组件，其中所述减振层由石墨或PTFE制成。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的排气阀组件，包括至少一个所述上阀片(4)和/或至少一个所述下阀片(5)。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的排气阀组件，其中所述阀座(2)邻近于所述下阀片(5)的一侧上设有减振槽(11)，所述减振槽(11)对应于所述下阀片(5)的中间部分地布置。
  13. 一种压缩机，包括权利要求1至12中任一项所述的排气阀组件。
  14. 一种空调器，包括权利要求1至12中任一项所述的排气阀组件。
PCT/CN2022/108190 2021-10-22 2022-07-27 排气阀组件、压缩机和空调器 WO2023065754A1 (zh)

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