WO2023063271A1 - 金属部材及び金属樹脂接合体並びにそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
金属部材及び金属樹脂接合体並びにそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023063271A1 WO2023063271A1 PCT/JP2022/037710 JP2022037710W WO2023063271A1 WO 2023063271 A1 WO2023063271 A1 WO 2023063271A1 JP 2022037710 W JP2022037710 W JP 2022037710W WO 2023063271 A1 WO2023063271 A1 WO 2023063271A1
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- metal
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- metal member
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- unevenness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/359—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by providing a line or line pattern, e.g. a dotted break initiation line
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14311—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles using means for bonding the coating to the articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/088—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F4/00—Processes for removing metallic material from surfaces, not provided for in group C23F1/00 or C23F3/00
- C23F4/02—Processes for removing metallic material from surfaces, not provided for in group C23F1/00 or C23F3/00 by evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/007—Marks, e.g. trade marks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C2045/1486—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations
- B29C2045/14868—Pretreatment of the insert, e.g. etching, cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2077/10—Aromatic polyamides [polyaramides] or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2081/00—Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
- B29K2081/04—Polysulfides, e.g. PPS, i.e. polyphenylene sulfide or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2705/02—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2705/08—Transition metals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal member having a specific joint surface, a joined body of the metal member and a resin molded body, and methods for manufacturing them.
- a metal-resin bonded body is widely used in which a metal material such as an aluminum base material made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which is lighter than other metals, and a resin molding that has high insulation performance, is lightweight, and is inexpensive, are integrally bonded. and its use is expanding.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 For example, according to the present inventors, by performing a specific treatment on the surface of a metal substrate, an oxygen-containing film containing oxygen is formed on the surface of the metal substrate, and through this formed oxygen-containing film, Accordingly, techniques for joining resin molded bodies have been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). These techniques are less likely to cause corrosion of metal parts and equipment, which has been a problem with surface treatment techniques proposed before, or pollute the surrounding environment. Airtightness was obtained. However, in the case of wet treatment for forming a hydrated oxide film or a zinc-containing film to form an oxygen-containing film, the bonding strength of the resin bonded body is insufficient because the macro unevenness is not formed. There was room for further improvement in processing methods.
- Patent Document 4 for a metal/resin composite structure, a total of 6 straight sections consisting of arbitrary 3 straight sections in parallel relation on the surface of the metal member and arbitrary 3 straight sections orthogonal to the 3 straight sections
- the surface roughness measured in accordance with JIS B0601 is measured, and the load length ratio (Rmr) of the roughness curve at the cut level 20% evaluation length 4 mm is 30% or less.
- the part is included in one or more straight lines. That is, it is described that by forming an uneven shape with sharp corners on the surface of the metal member, in addition to high bonding strength, excellent airtightness and watertightness can be achieved.
- a joint having a plurality of grooves is formed on the metal surface during laser scanning processing.
- the groove width in the groove is W
- the groove depth is H
- the groove area formed during laser scanning processing is A
- the ratio of these areas is set within a predetermined range. That is, airtightness can be achieved when the groove width from the surface of the metal compact is substantially the same as the width of the pores formed in the metal compact becomes deeper from the surface of the metal compact.
- the amount of engraving and the engraving mass portion during laser scanning processing contribute to the improvement of adhesion as a convex (burr) shape around the groove.
- Patent Document 6 a step of laser scanning a metal surface in one scanning direction and a step of laser scanning in a crossing scanning direction are performed to form a joint for bonding to a resin on a metal surface.
- Laser processing conditions for forming are disclosed.
- a part thereof is preferably formed as a "bridge shape" in which the convex portions are connected to form an arch and a hole is formed at the bottom, or It is said that the anchoring effect between the different materials at the junction can be enhanced by forming the protrusions in the shape of a mushroom or a cedar tree by "overhanging" the protrusions.
- Patent Document 4 focuses on the sharpness of the uneven shape of the surface of the metal member, and Patent Document 5 focuses on the shape of pores and burrs formed in the metal material, but both are airtight. Further approaches are needed to ensure In addition, in Patent Document 6, since it is necessary to perform laser scanning in two crossing directions, there is room for improvement in that the processing time is too long. , there is a laser non-irradiated portion (untreated portion), so there is a risk that the bonding strength and airtightness will decrease.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a metal-resin molded article that has a high bonding strength and ensures sufficient airtightness, a metal member for obtaining the metal-resin molded article, and a method for manufacturing such a metal-resin molded article and metal member. That is.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- the marking pattern consists of one continuous straight line or curve,
- the plurality of marking patterns are formed so as to run adjacent to each other in parallel, In the direction orthogonal to the running direction of the plurality of marking patterns, the maximum height roughness Rz of the unevenness caused by the unevenness and the average spacing Rsm of the unevenness caused by the unevenness are 45 ⁇ (180/ ⁇ ) ⁇
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the uneven portions and the average spacing Rsm of the uneven portions due to the uneven portions are 2.5 ⁇ Rsm/Ra ⁇
- the marking pattern consists of one continuous straight line or curve
- a plurality of the marking patterns running adjacent to each other in parallel are formed by irradiating the laser beam to adjacent portions,
- the maximum height roughness Rz of the unevenness caused by the unevenness and the average spacing Rsm of the unevenness caused by the unevenness are 45 ⁇ (180/ ⁇ ).
- a method for manufacturing a metal member characterized by having a relationship of ⁇ Arctan (Rz/(Rsm/2)) ⁇ 75.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the uneven portions and the average spacing Rsm of the uneven portions due to the uneven portions are 2.5 ⁇ Rsm/Ra ⁇
- a concave portion formed by diffusing the metal in the portion irradiated with the laser beam outward from the irradiation center of the laser beam, and from the concave portion
- the uneven portion is formed of a convex portion formed by accumulating the diffused metal around the concave portion,
- the convex portions included in the adjacent marking patterns are formed so as to be in contact with each other and integrated.
- [10] The method for producing a metal member according to any one of [7] to [9], wherein the metal is aluminum, copper, iron, or an alloy containing these metals.
- the method for producing a metal-resin bonded body according to [11] wherein in the resin molding step, molding is performed on the metal member using a resin composition containing a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. .
- the metal member and the metal-resin bonded body of the present invention can improve the bonding strength and airtightness between the metal member and the resin molding.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the beam diameter of laser light and the irradiation interval.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining how the x-axis component and the y-axis component of the concave portion of the metal member are organized by the maximum height roughness Rz and the average interval Rsm.
- FIG. 3 is a roughness curve of the metal member of Example 5 measured in a direction perpendicular to the running direction of the marking pattern.
- FIG. 4 is an observation result (at 200 magnifications) of a cross section of a metal-resin bonded body obtained by bonding a resin molded body to a metal member of Example 5 by SEM.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the beam diameter of laser light and the irradiation interval.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining how the x-axis component and the y-axis component of the concave portion of the metal member are organized by the maximum height roughness Rz and the average interval
- FIG. 5 is a roughness curve of the metal member of Comparative Example 7 measured in a direction perpendicular to the running direction of the marking pattern.
- FIG. 6 is an observation result (200 times) of a cross section of a metal-resin bonded body obtained by bonding a resin molded body to a metal member of Comparative Example 7 by SEM.
- FIG. 7(a) shows a bonding surface formed on one end of a flat metal substrate, and FIG. 7(b) shows an example of a marking pattern (striped pattern) on the bonding surface.
- FIG. 8(a) shows a disk-shaped metal substrate in which a joint surface is formed so as to border the opening, and
- FIG. 8(b) shows an example of a marking pattern on the joint surface. (concentric circle pattern).
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an outline of bonding strength evaluation (1) (shear test).
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an outline of bonding strength evaluation (2) (shear test).
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an overview of airtightness evaluation of a metal-resin joined body.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an overview of airtightness evaluation of a metal-resin-metal bonded body.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an outline of a metal-resin joined body for joint strength evaluation.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an outline of a metal-resin bonded body for evaluation of airtightness.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for showing an outline of a metal-resin-metal joined body for joint strength evaluation according to Example 10.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for showing an outline of a metal-resin-metal joined body for airtightness evaluation according to Example 10.
- FIG. FIG. 17 is an observation result (500 times) of the cross section of the metal-resin joined body obtained in Comparative Example 4 by SEM.
- FIG. 18 is the observation result (500 times) of the cross section of the metal-resin joined body obtained in Comparative Example 9 by SEM.
- FIG. 19 is an observation result (500 times) of the cross section of the metal-resin joined body obtained in Example 5 by SEM.
- the metal member and the metal-resin bonded body of the present invention will be described in detail below together with the manufacturing method thereof. Some or all of the constituent elements of the present invention described below can be combined as appropriate.
- a metal member of the present invention includes a metal substrate made of metal, and a marking pattern having an uneven portion formed on the surface of the metal substrate. can be used with A metal-resin joined body of the present invention includes a metal member and a resin molding on the surface of the metal member.
- a copper base material made of copper or a copper alloy an iron base material made of iron or an iron alloy, and an aluminum base material made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the material is not limited, and can be determined based on the application of the metal-resin bonded body formed using the same and various physical properties such as strength, corrosion resistance, workability, etc. required for the application.
- processed materials obtained by appropriately processing into a desired shape, combined materials obtained by appropriately combining these processed materials, and the like are also included. Also, although it depends on the intended use, the thickness is usually about 0.3 mm to 10 mm.
- an oxide film is formed on the surface of a metal substrate.
- the oxide film may be a natural oxide film that is naturally formed in the atmosphere, or an anodized film that is formed by anodization. Alternatively, it may be a rolled oxide film formed by hot rolling.
- the object to be joined with the metal member is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can be joined with the metal member.
- the object to be joined is preferably made of a material that can be joined at a temperature lower than the melting point of the metal base material forming the metal member.
- Such an object to be joined is preferably a resin molding made of a resin material. The resin molding will be described later.
- a metal member has a bonding surface for bonding an object to be bonded to the metal member.
- this joint surface only a part of one surface of the metal base material, all of one surface, or a part or all of both surfaces may be used. It is sufficient that a joint surface is formed. Also, the shape, size, arrangement, etc. of the joint surfaces are not particularly limited. The same is true in the case of combined materials and the like.
- the term “bonding surface” refers to a region where bonding between a metal base material and a resin is planned. shall refer to the area On the other hand, the area where the metal base material and the resin are bonded together is called a "bonded portion" for distinction.
- the marking pattern is continuously formed on the surface of the metal substrate along the irradiation trajectory of the laser beam.
- the principle of formation of the marking pattern in the irradiation step is generally as follows. That is, when a metal substrate is irradiated with a laser, the metal substrate melts, diffuses, and evaporates due to the energy of the laser irradiation, but the metal diffuses and evaporates outward from the center of the irradiation, resulting in perforation. This space becomes the base of the concave portion, and the portions on both sides (both sides) of the concave portion that are not irradiated with the laser become the base of the convex portion.
- part or all of the melted metal portion is oxidized to form a metal oxide, which is diffused around the irradiated portion to form the concave portion, deposits, and solidifies to form the convex portion.
- a metal oxide which is diffused around the irradiated portion to form the concave portion, deposits, and solidifies to form the convex portion.
- convex portions are formed so that the convex portions included in the adjacent marking patterns come into contact with each other and are integrated. It is preferable not to produce an exposed portion (untreated portion) of the metal substrate corresponding to a laser non-irradiated portion.
- a deposit of metal oxide is formed in the form of a film covering the recesses and protrusions.
- the deposited metal oxide formed on the surface of the metal substrate forms a molten metal layer that forms the uneven shape of the uneven portion. That is, in the marking pattern, a deposit (melted metal layer) made of a metal oxide having such an uneven portion (uneven shape) in the irradiation locus of the laser beam exists continuously along the irradiation locus of the laser beam. It is formed by When the laser irradiation is performed adjacent to each other, it has a repeating structure in which concave portions and convex portions are adjacent and repeated.
- the metal oxide has at least some partial ionicity, and metal ions (Al 3+ ) and oxide ions (O 2- ) are present on the new surface of the metal oxide. Due to its electrostatic neutralization, the metal oxide present on the surface of the molten metal layer is hydroxylated by reacting with moisture in the air, and the surface of the molten metal layer is covered with hydroxyl groups. A hydroxyl group-containing film containing hydroxyl groups is formed on the outermost layer of the molten metal layer in the marking pattern.
- the marking pattern is formed over the entire joining surface of the metal member.
- the hydroxyl group-containing film described above does not exist in the non-laser-irradiated portion, it cannot be expected that the interaction due to chemical bonding caused by the hydroxyl group is exhibited.
- the marking pattern has a structure consisting of concave portions formed by perforating the metal base material upon irradiation with a laser beam and convex portions made of metal oxide deposits formed by the irradiation of the laser beam. have.
- Such irregularities can be confirmed by observing the surface or cross section of the metal member using, for example, a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The structure of the concavo-convex portion will be described later.
- the marking pattern should consist of one continuous line. In other words, it is preferable that the marking pattern is not continuous and interrupted, and that two or more lines do not cross each other.
- the marking pattern may consist of straight lines, curved lines, or a combination of straight lines and curved lines.
- a plurality of such marking patterns are formed so as to be adjacent to each other and run parallel to each other, and a predetermined uneven portion is thereby provided, thereby forming the joint surface of the metal member according to the present invention. That is, in the direction orthogonal to the running direction of the plurality of marking patterns, the maximum height roughness Rz of the unevenness due to the unevenness and the average spacing Rsm of the unevenness due to the unevenness are such that they satisfy the following relational expression (1).
- the laser beam is applied to adjacent portions.
- the maximum height roughness Rz of the unevenness caused by the unevenness and the roughness of the unevenness caused by the unevenness are measured. and the average interval Rsm satisfy the relational expression (1). 45 ⁇ (180/ ⁇ ) ⁇ Arctan(Rz/(Rsm/2)) ⁇ 75 (1)
- both the maximum height roughness Rz of unevenness and the average spacing Rsm of unevenness are surface roughnesses measured in accordance with JIS B 0601-2001, and Rz is the maximum from the lowest valley bottom for each reference length.
- Rsm represents the peak-to-peak height (maximum height)
- Rsm represents the average value of peak-valley-period intervals (average length of roughness curve elements) obtained from the intersection point where the roughness curve intersects with the average point.
- two or more marking patterns are formed such that a locus 6 of a laser beam and a locus 6' of another laser beam irradiated adjacent to the laser run parallel to each other. , are formed in a direction 2 perpendicular to the irradiation trajectory of these marking patterns (a direction perpendicular to the scanning direction 3).
- the angle formed by the base of the triangle and the oblique side is the angle ⁇ .
- the shape of the recess is formed by connecting the deepest point of the recess as the apex and connecting the vicinity of the top of each protrusion located on both sides of the recess so as to be parallel to the surface of the metal base, and the apex. can be approximated as a triangle with two hypotenuses joining the base and the two ends of the base.
- a vertical line segment is drawn in the height direction of the triangle from the vertex toward the base, the triangle approximating the recess can be divided into two by this line segment.
- the angle ⁇ represented by the maximum height roughness Rz and the average interval Rsm is equal to or greater than the lower limit, the depth of the recess becomes excessively small relative to the width of the opening of the recess, resulting in a shallow recess. As a result, even if the resin flows into the concave portion, it is possible to prevent the shape from weakening the interaction between the metal member and the resin. Further, when the angle ⁇ represented by the maximum height roughness Rz and the average interval Rsm is equal to or less than the upper limit value, the depth of the recess becomes excessively large relative to the width of the opening of the recess, and the recess is formed.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the irregularities and the average spacing Rsm of the irregularities due to the irregularities are further expressed by the following relational expression: (2) should be satisfied. 2.5 ⁇ Rsm/Ra ⁇ 9.5 (2)
- the maximum height roughness Rz in the above relational expression (1) evaluates a part of the maximum value because it focuses on the difference between the maximum height and the maximum depth of the uneven portion.
- evaluation is performed only by the maximum height roughness Rz, it is possible to evaluate the shape of the highest convex portion and the lowest convex portion existing in the range, but the evaluation reflecting the uneven shape other than these cannot be done.
- the arithmetic surface roughness Ra evaluates the overall roughness, the shape including the highest convex portion and the lowest convex portion existing in the range is evaluated. can do. Therefore, by using the relational expression (2) including the maximum height roughness Rz and the arithmetic surface roughness Ra, it is possible to evaluate even partial defects in the irregularities.
- the arithmetic surface roughness Ra is also surface roughness measured according to JIS B 0601-2001.
- the arithmetic surface roughness Ra represents the size of the unevenness caused by the unevenness
- the average length Rsm of the roughness curve element represents the length (interval) of unevenness caused by the unevenness. That is, the x-axis component of unevenness can be organized by using the result of measurement as surface roughness Rsm, and the y-axis component of unevenness can be arranged by using the result of measurement as arithmetic surface roughness Ra.
- Rsm/Ra is small, the distance between the irregularities is relatively small with respect to the size of the irregularities, and the irregularities tend to be densely formed.
- the Rsm/Ra when the Rsm/Ra is small, the size of the unevenness is relatively large with respect to the interval between the unevenness, the variation of the unevenness is large, and there is a tendency that the recesses are elongated. Further, when Rsm/Ra is large, the distance between the irregularities is relatively large with respect to the size of the irregularities, and the irregularities tend to be formed relatively coarsely. Also, when Rsm/Ra is large, the size of the unevenness is relatively small with respect to the interval between the unevenness, the change in the unevenness is small, and shallow recesses tend to be formed.
- FIG. 3 shows a roughness curve measured in a direction perpendicular to the running direction of a marking pattern formed by irradiation with a laser beam for a metal member of Example 5 described later.
- there is 5 also shows a roughness curve for the metal member of Comparative Example 7.
- FIG. Among them regarding the roughness curve of Example 5 shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 200x) are shown.
- FIG. 6 shows the result of observation (200 times) of a cross section of a metal-resin bonded body obtained by actually bonding a resin molded body to a metal member of Comparative Example 7 by SEM.
- the marking pattern of the metal member forms the joint surface with the resin molded body, and in particular, the irregularities in the direction orthogonal to the running direction of the plurality of marking patterns are defined by the above-described relational expression (1 ) and (2). Therefore, it is difficult to define each of the maximum height roughness Rz, the average spacing Rsm, and the arithmetic surface roughness Ra, which constitute these formulas, in terms of numerical ranges, and there are no particular restrictions. From the viewpoint of the tendency of uneven portions in various metal members, and the bonding strength and airtightness with the resin molded body, the following can be shown. That is, the maximum height roughness Rz is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 250 ⁇ m or less. Also, the average interval Rsm is preferably 60 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less. Furthermore, the arithmetic surface roughness Ra is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less.
- ⁇ Hydroxyl containing film> since a hydroxyl group-containing film containing hydroxyl groups is formed on the outermost layer of the molten metal layer in the marking pattern, it is preferable that the hydroxyl group-containing film is formed over the entire joint surface.
- the entire surface of the joint surface is not necessarily limited to only 100% of the surface area of the joint surface, and the surface not covered with the hydroxyl group-containing film by the unirradiated portion is extremely small. It does not exclude the case where it exists as a spot.
- 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more of the joint surface is covered with a hydroxyl group-containing film.
- the hydroxyl group-containing film can be confirmed by detecting the hydroxyl groups present near the surface layer of the metal member by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD-OES). Specifically, first, using GD-OES, the luminescence intensity (V) derived from the main metal and hydroxyl groups constituting the metal substrate is measured in the thickness direction of the joint surface of the metal member. Subsequently, the detected amount of the main metal constituting the metal substrate is calculated from the integrated value (area) of the emission intensity derived from the main metal. Further, the detected amount of hydroxyl groups is measured from the integrated value of the luminescence intensity derived from hydroxyl groups.
- V glow discharge optical emission spectrometry
- the ratio of the detected amount of hydroxyl groups to the total amount of the detected amount of the main metal and the detected amount of hydroxyl groups is calculated as the hydroxyl group abundance ratio. Peaks appearing at 281 nm and 309 nm in the emission spectrum obtained by GD-OES are defined as peaks derived from hydroxyl groups. Measurement of the emission intensity near the surface layer of the metal member by GD-OES may be performed from the surface to a depth of 200 nm. Specifically, the range from the detection of the emission intensity derived from the element of the main metal and the hydroxyl group constituting the metal substrate to the elapse of the time required for sputtering of 200 nm corresponding to the element of the main metal is measured. .
- the range (time) of this measurement can be grasped by previously measuring the sputtering rate ( ⁇ m/min) of a standard sample containing the main metal element to be measured with high purity.
- GD-OES sputtering rate
- the hydroxyl group abundance is preferably 4% or more, more preferably 5% or more, even more preferably 6% or more, and particularly preferably 7% or more.
- the hydroxyl group existence rate is equal to or higher than the above lower limit, the number of hydroxyl groups present near the surface of the metal member increases, and the interaction with the functional groups contained in the resin molding is strengthened, thereby improving the airtightness of the metal-resin bonded body.
- the joint strength of the metal-resin joined body also tends to improve.
- the upper limit of the hydroxyl group abundance is not particularly limited, it is preferably 70% or less, more preferably 50% or less, still more preferably 40% or less, and particularly preferably 30% or less.
- the hydroxyl group abundance varies depending on the formation method of the hydroxyl group. For example, compared to the case where the metal substrate is subjected to laser processing, the case where the metal substrate is subjected to wet treatment such as hydrated oxide treatment with warm water or hot water; chemical conversion treatment; zincate treatment; tend to be higher.
- the hydroxyl group abundance is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 20% or less, still more preferably 15% or less, and particularly preferably 10% or less.
- the hydroxyl group-containing coating is, for example, aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH) 3 ), aluminum hydroxide oxide (AlO(OH)), copper hydroxide (Cu(OH) 2 ), depending on the metal constituting the metal substrate. , iron (II) hydroxide (Fe(OH) 2 ), iron hydroxide (III) oxide (FeO(OH)), and the like (metal hydroxides), or It contains a metal oxide hydroxide (metal oxide hydroxide) that constitutes the metal substrate.
- the hydroxyl group-containing coating is, for example, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), copper (I) oxide (Cu 2 O), copper (II) oxide (CuO), oxide Metal oxides ( metal oxides ) may be included.
- a deposit of metal oxide formed due to laser irradiation is formed in the form of a film around the irradiated area.
- a molten metal layer consisting of such deposits contains oxygen as a metal oxide as described above.
- the molten metal layer has a hydroxyl group-containing film having hydroxyl groups as the outermost layer.
- the metal member in the present invention has a marking pattern having uneven portions, and macroscopically, the above-described concave portions and convex portions are formed alternately and continuously. If such an uneven portion formed by laser irradiation is referred to as a "macro uneven portion", it is considered that the surface of the macro uneven portion has a "fine uneven portion”.
- the fine unevenness is a structure having unevenness on the order of nm, and is formed on the macroscopic unevenness on the surface of the hydroxyl group-containing film.
- the fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the hydroxyl-containing film when the molten metal layer having the hydroxyl-containing film is formed by laser irradiation.
- the fine unevenness can be confirmed by observing the surface or cross section of the metal member using, for example, a scanning electron microscope.
- the fine irregularities have nano-sized fine openings of 10 nm to 50 nm and have a fine structure with a film thickness of 10 nm to 1000 nm. When observed by SEM, the fine unevenness is observed as a spongy structure having fine openings of the above size.
- the fine irregularities contain a metal hydroxide or a metal oxide hydroxide, similar to the hydroxyl group-containing film. Further, the fine irregularities may contain a metal oxide, similar to the hydroxyl group-containing coating.
- a resin molding that is suitably used as an object to be joined to a metal member having a predetermined joint surface will be described.
- a resin molding can be formed by molding a resin composition on the surface of a metal member.
- the resin molding contains thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin.
- the thermoplastic resin can be appropriately selected from known ones depending on the application. Examples include polyamide resins (aliphatic polyamides such as PA6 and PA66, aromatic polyamides), polystyrene, ABS resins, AS resins, and the like. copolymers containing styrene units, polyethylene, copolymers containing ethylene units, polypropylene, copolymers containing propylene units, other polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polycarbonate resins, acrylic resins, methacrylic resins, polyester resins, polyacetal resins, and polyphenylene sulfide resins, and these can be used singly or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is preferable to use polyamide-based resins and polyphenylene sulfide-based resins because of their high fluidity during resin molding and easy entry into concave portions.
- polyamide resins aliphatic polyamides such as PA6 and PA66, aromatic poly
- thermosetting resin can be appropriately selected from known ones depending on the application. These can be used singly or in combination of two or more. Among these, epoxy resin-based, acrylic resin-based, and urethane resin-based adhesives are recommended because reaction-curing adhesives have good compatibility with hydroxyl group-containing films, and high bonding strength can be obtained as the reaction area increases. is preferred.
- an adhesive can be used as the resin molding.
- the adhesive a compound exhibiting adhesive properties including the thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin described above, or other elastomers or rubbers can be used.
- the adhesive can be appropriately selected from known ones depending on the application. Polymeric resin-based solvent type, rubber-based solvent type and the like can be mentioned, and examples of reactive curing adhesives include epoxy resin-based, urethane resin-based and modified silicone resin-based adhesives. More than one species can be used. Among these, epoxy resin-based, acrylic resin-based, and urethane resin-based adhesives are recommended because reaction-curing adhesives have good compatibility with hydroxyl group-containing films, and high bonding strength can be obtained as the reaction area increases. is preferred.
- thermoplastic elastomers can be used, for example, styrene-based elastomers, vinyl chloride-based elastomers, olefin-based elastomers, urethane-based elastomers, polyester-based elastomers, nitrile-based elastomers, and polyamide-based elastomers.
- a species or two or more species can be used.
- additives that may be generally added to the resin (resin composition) include flame retardants, colorants such as dyes and pigments, stabilizers such as antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers, and plasticizers.
- flame retardants colorants such as dyes and pigments
- stabilizers such as antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers
- plasticizers plasticizers.
- lubricants, lubricating agents, release agents, crystallization accelerators, crystal nucleating agents, etc. can be added as appropriate within a range that does not interfere with the required performance or the object of the present invention.
- a metal-resin bonded body is molded in a state in which the resin enters the joint surface (macro-concave and fine-concave portions) of the surface of the metal member, and the metal member and the resin molded body are integrally joined via the joint surface.
- One metal member and one resin molded body may be used for bonding, or a plurality of either or both of them may be used for bonding, and further, a plurality of sets thereof may be arbitrarily laminated. It may be in such a manner that it is made to have a shape, and it can be determined as appropriate according to the application.
- the metal-resin bonded body may be a metal-resin bonded body in which a metal member and a resin molded body are bonded in a laminated or continuously arranged state.
- the metal-resin bonded body may be a metal-resin-metal bonded body in which a metal member, a resin molded body, and a metal member are laminated or continuously arranged in this order.
- the metal-resin bonded body may be a resin-metal-resin bonded body in which a resin molded body, a metal member, and a resin molded body are laminated or continuously arranged in this order and bonded together. .
- the metal-resin bonded body is a metal-resin-metal bonded body that joins two or more metal members via a resin molded body
- the thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin is sandwiched between the metal members. It may be provided with a molded resin molding.
- an adhesive containing a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or the like may be used as the resin molding, and the metal member may be bonded via the adhesive.
- a method for manufacturing a metal member according to the present invention includes a marking pattern having an uneven portion that is continuous along the irradiation trajectory of the laser beam on the surface of the metal substrate by irradiating the surface of the metal substrate with a laser beam. to obtain a metal member having a plurality of the marking patterns formed on the surface of the metal substrate.
- a method for manufacturing a metal-resin bonded body of the present invention includes a resin molding step of bonding a resin molded body to a surface of a metal member.
- a treatment of irradiating a laser beam onto the surface of a metal substrate (hereinafter simply referred to as "laser treatment") is performed.
- the metal member according to the present invention is obtained by forming a joint surface with an object to be joined by laser processing.
- the laser a known laser can be used, but it is preferable to use a pulse oscillation laser because it is convenient for spot processing of the metal substrate as in the present invention. , YAG laser, YVO 4 laser, semiconductor laser, and fiber laser.
- the principle of forming a marking pattern having predetermined irregularities on a metal base material by this laser treatment is generally as follows.
- the metal substrate melts and evaporates due to the energy of the laser irradiation, but the space becomes the base of the recessed portion due to the perforation caused by the evaporation, and the portions on both sides (both sides) of the recessed portion that are not irradiated with the laser become the base of the convex portion. becomes.
- part or all of the melted metal portion is oxidized to form a metal oxide, which deposits around the irradiated portion to form a concave portion, thereby forming a convex portion.
- a deposit of metal oxide is formed in the form of a film covering the recesses and protrusions.
- the metal oxide deposit formed on the surface of the metal substrate forms a molten metal layer that forms the uneven shape of the macro unevenness.
- metal oxides have at least some partial ionic character, with metal ions (Al 3+ ) and oxide ions (O 2 ⁇ ) present on the new surface of the metal oxide. Due to its electrostatic neutralization, it reacts with moisture in the air to cause hydroxylation of the metal oxide existing on the surface of the molten metal layer, and the surface of the molten metal layer is covered with hydroxyl groups.
- the macro-concavo-convex portion is formed on the metal substrate, and a hydroxyl group-containing film containing hydroxyl groups is formed on the outermost layer of the molten metal layer.
- a hydroxyl group-containing film containing hydroxyl groups is formed on the outermost layer of the molten metal layer.
- the non-laser-irradiated portion when there is a non-laser-irradiated portion on the metal base material that is not irradiated with the laser, the non-laser-irradiated portion does not have a molten metal layer and does not have a hydroxyl group-containing coating. Usually, an oxide film is formed on the laser non-irradiated portion. Since the non-laser-irradiated portion does not have a hydroxyl group-containing film, there is no improvement in airtightness due to chemical bonding caused by hydroxyl groups. Further, when the non-laser-irradiated portion is flat, no improvement in bonding strength is observed due to mechanical bonding caused by the macro unevenness.
- the marking pattern when forming a marking pattern having uneven portions that are continuous along the irradiation locus of the laser beam on the surface of the metal substrate, the marking pattern is made up of one continuous line.
- the marking pattern may consist of straight lines, curved lines, or a combination of straight lines and curved lines.
- a plurality of marking patterns running adjacent to each other in parallel are formed by irradiating adjacent portions of the joint surfaces of the metal members with laser light.
- FIG. 7(a) shows a state in which a joint surface 1a is formed at one end of a flat metal base material 1. As shown in FIG.
- this joint surface 1a has A plurality of linear marking patterns 16a, 16b, 16c, etc. are drawn to form a striped marking pattern 16 as a whole.
- FIG. 8(a) shows a disc-shaped metal substrate 11 having an opening 12 in the center thereof, in which a bonding surface 11a is formed so as to surround the opening 12.
- a plurality of circular marking patterns 17a, 17b, etc. are drawn on the surface 11a to form a concentric marking pattern 17 as a whole.
- the scanning direction 3 of the marking pattern by laser light irradiation and the direction 2 perpendicular to the irradiation trajectory of the plurality of marking patterns are as illustrated.
- the manner, shape, size, and the like of the parallel running of each marking pattern are not limited to these.
- the areas sandwiched between the adjacent marking patterns are formed so that the protrusions included in the adjacent marking patterns come into contact with each other and are integrated.
- the surface of the metal member does not have an untreated portion where the metal base material is exposed as it is before the irradiation with the laser beam.
- ⁇ Laser processing conditions> in order to form a marking pattern having a predetermined concave and convex portion as described above, it is preferable to set the laser processing conditions in consideration of the following points.
- Laser processing is affected by the irradiation energy of laser light per unit area (hereinafter also referred to as “energy density”).
- the energy density represents the laser power received per unit area and per unit time by a laser-irradiated portion of an object (work) to be laser-processed.
- the energy density (J/mm 2 ) is defined by the laser light output W (W), the number of laser light scans N (times), the laser light irradiation interval C (mm), and the laser light scanning speed V (mm/s).
- the energy density is preferably 0.5 J/mm 2 or higher.
- a marking pattern is formed on the surface of the metal substrate that has been subjected to laser processing, and fine irregularities having hydroxyl groups are likely to be formed.
- a hydroxyl group-containing film having a predetermined hydroxyl group abundance is easily formed.
- the recesses of the macro unevenness formed on the surface of the metal substrate tend to be deepened, and the surface roughness of the metal member after laser processing tends to increase. It should be noted that the higher the melting point of the metal constituting the metal substrate and the greater the thermal diffusion, the less likely the metal substrate will be affected by the laser beam. Considering the circumstances described above, it is desirable to change the energy density according to the metal to be laser treated.
- the energy density is preferably 0.5 J/mm 2 or more, more preferably 1 J/mm 2 or more, and still more preferably 1.5 J/mm 2 or more. mm2 or more.
- the energy density is preferably 5 J/mm 2 or less, more preferably 4 J/mm 2 or less, and even more preferably 3 J/mm 2 . It is below.
- the energy density is preferably 1 J/mm 2 or more, more preferably 2 J/mm 2 or more, and still more preferably 3 J/mm 2 or more. be.
- the energy density is preferably 10 J/mm 2 or less, more preferably 8 J/mm 2 or less, and even more preferably 6 J/mm 2 . It is below.
- the energy density is preferably 2 J/mm 2 or more, more preferably 4 J/mm 2 or more, and still more preferably 6 J/mm 2 or more. be.
- the energy density is preferably 20 J/mm 2 or less, more preferably 15 J/mm 2 or less, and even more preferably 10 J/mm 2 . It is below.
- the energy density is equal to or higher than the above lower limit
- a marking pattern is drawn on the surface of the metal member that has undergone laser processing, making it easier to form fine irregularities having hydroxyl groups.
- a hydroxyl group-containing film having a predetermined hydroxyl group abundance is easily formed. Therefore, the fine irregularities having hydroxyl groups and the hydroxyl group-containing film facilitate improvement in the airtightness and bonding strength of the metal-resin bonded body.
- the depth (L) of the recesses of the macro unevenness formed on the surface of the metal substrate tends to increase.
- the resin molding when the resin molding enters into the macro unevenness portion, mechanical bonding (anchor effect) between the macro unevenness portion and the resin molding is exhibited, and the bonding strength is likely to be improved.
- the energy density is equal to or less than the above upper limit, it is possible to prevent the recess depth (L) of the macro unevenness formed on the surface of the metal substrate from becoming excessively large. Therefore, the resin molded body can enter deep into the recesses of the macro unevenness, and chemical bonding between the hydroxyl groups of the metal member and the functional groups of the resin molded body is exhibited in the entire macro unevenness. It becomes easier to improve airtightness.
- the laser conditions (laser processing conditions) in the laser processing may be appropriately set so as to achieve the energy density described above.
- the parameters of the laser processing conditions include laser light output (W), laser light frequency (kHz), laser light beam diameter ( ⁇ m), laser light irradiation interval ( ⁇ m), laser light scanning speed (mm/ s), and the number of scans (times) of laser light.
- the number of scans means the number of times the laser beam is repeatedly irradiated along the same irradiation trajectory. Also, the relationship between the beam diameter of the laser light and the irradiation interval will be described with reference to FIG.
- the laser beam irradiation interval is the interval between the locus 6 of one laser beam irradiated on the object and the locus 6' of another laser beam irradiated adjacent to the laser. More specifically, the irradiation interval of the laser light is the end of the one laser light locus 6 in the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction 3 and the other laser light locus 6′ of the other laser light locus 6′. The distance between one laser beam and the edge on the same side. In the case of irradiation with a pulsed laser, the trajectory of the laser light is represented as a continuous trajectory of pores formed by individual laser pulses.
- the irradiation interval 5 of the laser light corresponds to the sum of the width of the region sandwiched between the trajectories of the laser light formed by continuous pores and the size of the beam diameter 4 .
- Table 1 shows examples of laser treatment conditions when the main metals of the metal substrate to be laser treated are aluminum, iron, and copper.
- a metal-resin bonded body is manufactured by forming a resin molding on the surface of a metal member using a resin composition as a raw material.
- a suitable molding method can be adopted according to the resin to be used.
- a thermoplastic resin a composition containing a thermoplastic resin is injection-molded onto a metal member to integrally bond the resin molded body to obtain a metal-resin bonded body, or an injection molding is performed.
- the obtained resin molded body is laser welded, vibration welded, ultrasonic welded, hot press welded, hot plate welded, non-contact hot plate welded or for high frequency
- a method of integrally bonding by thermocompression using a means such as bonding can be used, but the method is not limited to these.
- thermosetting resin when used, a metal-resin bonded body can be obtained by integrally bonding the resin molded body by injection molding a composition containing the thermosetting resin onto a metal member.
- a compression molding method in which a composition adjusted to a predetermined viscosity is applied on a metal member and then integrally heated and pressurized.
- an adhesive When an adhesive is used, it can be applied to the metal member and dried to cure. If necessary, heating or other operations may be performed, and molding conditions suitable for the adhesive to be used may be used. can be adopted.
- the resin flows into the deep part of the recess, and the recess and the resin In addition to suppressing the generation of voids generated between them, the surface area of the oxygen-containing film that interacts with the resin increases, and the cross-sectional shape has a concave portion that allows the interaction between the metal member and the resin to be sufficiently exhibited. Bonding strength and airtightness are improved.
- the bonding strength of the metal-resin bonded body was evaluated by measuring the shear strength according to ISO19095. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, a metal-resin bonded body 9 in which a metal member 8 and a resin molded body 7 are bonded is fixed to a special jig 10, and is moved parallel to the bonding surface at a speed of 10 mm/min. A test was conducted in which a load was applied so that a shearing force was applied in the direction of the metal member and the resin molding to destroy the joint. The breaking force when the metal-resin joined body was broken was determined as the tensile shear strength (MPa).
- MPa tensile shear strength
- the bonding strength of the metal-resin-metal joined body was evaluated by measuring the shear strength with reference to JIS K 6850. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, a metal-resin-metal bonded body 11 in which two metal members 8 and 8' are bonded together using a thermosetting adhesive, which will be described later, is fixed to a dedicated jig 10, A load was applied at a speed of 5 mm/min so as to apply a shear force in a direction parallel to the joint surface, and a test was conducted in which the joined portion of the joint between the metal members via the adhesive was destroyed. The breaking force when the metal-resin-metal joined body was broken was determined as the tensile shear strength (MPa).
- MPa tensile shear strength
- air was applied up to a maximum positive pressure of 0.5 MPa, and was held for 1 minute. After that, the presence or absence of air leakage was visually confirmed.
- the dedicated airtight jig 15 described above the metal-resin bonded body 9 or the metal-resin-metal bonded body 11 is fixed by being sandwiched between fixing jigs from above and below with the O-ring 13 interposed therebetween.
- Water 12 exists in the upper open portion of the dedicated airtight jig 15 with the metal-resin bonded body 9 or the metal-resin-metal bonded body 11 interposed therebetween, and the sealed portion on the lower side of the dedicated airtight jig 15 There is air in By applying air to the sealed portion through the ventilation pipe 14, the air leaks to the open portion side through the metal-resin bonded body 9 or the metal-resin-metal bonded body 11, depending on whether air bubbles are generated from the bonding interface. You can check whether If there was no air leak within the evaluation time, it was evaluated as acceptable, and if air leakage was observed, it was evaluated as unacceptable and evaluated as x.
- the roughness Rz, the average spacing Rsm between the irregularities, and the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the irregularities were measured.
- a metal member forming a metal-resin bonded body for evaluating bonding strength which is made of an aluminum plate or the like, which will be described later, as shown in FIG.
- 41 measurements were performed in a direction 2 perpendicular to the irradiation trajectory, and the average value of each surface roughness was calculated.
- the irradiation trajectory of the concentric laser beam as shown in FIG. 41 measurements were performed in the direction 2 perpendicular to each other, and the average value of each surface roughness was calculated.
- Example 1 ⁇ Production of metal member> A rectangular SUS plate material having a thickness of 1.5 mm, a width of 18 mm, and a length of 45 mm was prepared from a stainless steel plate (SUS304). Also, a hole was made in the SUS plate material to prepare an annular SUS disc having a thickness of 2 mm, an outer diameter of 55 mm, and an inner diameter of 20 mm. And each was prepared as a metal base material.
- the surfaces to be processed of the SUS plate material and the SUS disc were subjected to laser treatment for laser irradiation under the following conditions to form joint surfaces with the resin molding.
- a rectangular region of 10 mm in the longitudinal direction and 18 mm in the lateral direction is irradiated with a laser in a striped pattern at the end in the longitudinal direction of one main surface. and used as a metal member for obtaining a metal-resin bonded body for bonding strength evaluation.
- the SUS disk as shown in FIG.
- the resin molded body has a rectangular shape with a thickness of 3 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a length of 45 mm.
- a joined body (metal-resin joined body 9, FIG. 13) of the (metal member) 8 and the resin molding 7 was produced.
- the resin molding has a disk shape of 2 mm in thickness ⁇ ⁇ 24 mm, and the joint width of the annular joint with the inner diameter side surface of the SUS disk is 2.0 mm, and the joint area is 138.2 mm 2 Aluminum disk.
- a bonded body (metal-resin bonded body 9, FIG. 14) of the (metal member) 8 and the resin molding 7 was produced.
- the number of samples (the number of N) was 3 for all metal-resin joined bodies.
- the joint cross section was evaluated for the metal-resin joined bodies obtained using these metal members. Furthermore, for the metal-resin bonded body for bonding strength evaluation, a test was performed to destroy the bonding portion between the SUS plate material (metal member) 8 and the resin molded body 7 according to the bonding strength evaluation (1) described above. The breaking force when the metal-resin joined body was broken was determined as the tensile shear strength (MPa). At that time, the rupture form after the tensile shear test was visually observed. Furthermore, with respect to the metal-resin bonded body for airtightness evaluation, the presence or absence of air leak was confirmed by the airtightness evaluation described above. Table 3 shows the results.
- Examples 2-3, Comparative Examples 1-2 A metal member (SUS plate material, SUS disk) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the laser treatment conditions were changed as shown in Table 2, and each metal-resin bonded body for evaluation was produced.
- the bonding portion between the SUS plate material (metal member) 8 and the resin molded body 7 was evaluated by the above-mentioned evaluation (1) of the bonding strength.
- a breaking test was performed, and the breaking strength at which the metal-resin joined body was broken was determined as the tensile shear strength (MPa).
- MPa tensile shear strength
- the rupture form after the tensile shear test was visually observed.
- the metal-resin bonded body for airtightness evaluation the presence or absence of air leak was confirmed by the airtightness evaluation described above. The results are shown in Table 3 in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 4 A metal substrate was prepared using a rolled material of oxygen-free copper (C1020) shown in JIS H3100, and the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the laser treatment conditions were changed as shown in Table 2. , metal members (Cu plate material, Cu disc) were produced, and each metal-resin bonded body for evaluation was produced.
- the bonding portion between the Cu plate material (metal member) 8 and the resin molded body 7 was evaluated by the above-described bonding strength evaluation (1).
- a breaking test was performed, and the breaking strength at which the metal-resin joined body was broken was determined as the tensile shear strength (MPa).
- MPa tensile shear strength
- the rupture form after the tensile shear test was visually observed.
- the metal-resin bonded body for airtightness evaluation the presence or absence of air leak was confirmed by the airtightness evaluation described above. The results are shown in Table 3 in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Examples 5 to 9, Comparative Examples 4 to 9 In accordance with ISO19095, a metal substrate was prepared using A5052 aluminum alloy (A5052-H34) treated with temper symbol H34 shown in JIS H0001, and the laser treatment conditions were changed as shown in Table 2. In the same manner as in Example 1, metal members (aluminum plate material, aluminum disk) were produced.
- aromatic nylon manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering-Plastics Co., Ltd., product name: Reny (registered trademark), grade: XL1002U
- the injection conditions are resin temperature of 250 ° C., mold temperature of 140 ° C., injection speed of 30 mm / s, and holding pressure of 80 MPa.
- the aluminum plate material ( A bonded body (metal-resin bonded body 9) of a metal member) 8 and a resin molded body 7 is produced, and the resin molded body is a disk-shaped body with a thickness of 2 mm ⁇ ⁇ 24 mm, and a circle with the inner diameter side surface of the aluminum disk.
- a joined body (metal-resin joined body 9) of an aluminum disc (metal member) 8 and a resin molded body 7 having a joint width of 2.0 mm and a joint area of 138.2 mm 2 at an annular joint portion was produced.
- the bonding portion between the aluminum plate material (metal member) 8 and the resin molded body 7 was determined by the evaluation (1) of the bonding strength described above.
- a breaking test was performed, and the breaking strength at which the metal-resin joined body was broken was determined as the tensile shear strength (MPa).
- MPa tensile shear strength
- the rupture form after the tensile shear test was visually observed.
- the metal-resin bonded body for airtightness evaluation the presence or absence of air leak was confirmed by the airtightness evaluation described above. The results are shown in Table 3 in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 10 Two rectangular aluminum plates with a thickness of 5 mm ⁇ width of 25 mm ⁇ length of 50 mm from a hollow extruded material of A6063 aluminum alloy (A6063-T5) treated with temper symbol T5 shown in JIS H0001, and a thickness of 2 mm An annular aluminum disk with an outer diameter of ⁇ 55 mm ⁇ an inner diameter of ⁇ 20 mm and a circular aluminum disk with a thickness of 2 mm and an outer diameter of ⁇ 24 mm were cut out as metal substrates.
- A6063 aluminum alloy A6063-T5 treated with temper symbol T5 shown in JIS H0001
- An annular aluminum disk with an outer diameter of ⁇ 55 mm ⁇ an inner diameter of ⁇ 20 mm and a circular aluminum disk with a thickness of 2 mm and an outer diameter of ⁇ 24 mm were cut out as metal substrates.
- laser irradiation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the laser treatment conditions were changed as shown in Table 2, to form a joint surface.
- a rectangular region of 6 mm in the longitudinal direction and 25 mm in the lateral direction was irradiated with the laser at the end in the longitudinal direction of one of the main surfaces.
- the irradiated area of the joint surface was 180 mm 2 .
- the laser was irradiated from the inside to the annular region with a width of 2.0 mm.
- laser irradiation was performed on an annular region with a width of 2.0 mm from the outer peripheral side.
- the irradiated area of the joint surface was 138 mm 2 .
- thermosetting adhesive one-liquid heat-curing epoxy adhesive (3M Japan Co., Ltd.) is used as a resin for each metal member (aluminum plate and aluminum disk after laser processing) on which the bonding surface is formed as described above.
- Scotch Weld registered trademark
- SW2214 manufactured by the company
- the adhesive was adjusted with a SUS wire to a thickness of 0.2 mm and applied to the joint surface. After applying the adhesive, the two aluminum plate materials were pasted together, a pressure of 0.01 MPa was applied, and after the test piece temperature reached 150 ° C., the two aluminum plate materials were heated for 30 minutes.
- a jointed body of aluminum plate materials (metal members) 8 and 8' (a jointed body of an aluminum plate material, a resin molded body and an aluminum plate material) (metal resin metal A conjugate 11, FIG. 15) was produced.
- the annular aluminum disk and the circular aluminum disk are bonded together, and under the same bonding conditions, the annular joint between the annular aluminum disk and the circular aluminum disk is bonded.
- a joined body annular A joined body of an aluminum disk, a resin molding, and a circular aluminum disk
- metal-resin-metal joined body 11, FIG. 16 was produced.
- the bonding portion between the aluminum plate material (metal member) 8 and the resin molded body 7 was determined by the evaluation (1) of the bonding strength described above.
- a breaking test was performed, and the breaking strength at which the metal-resin joined body was broken was determined as the tensile shear strength (MPa).
- MPa tensile shear strength
- the rupture form after the tensile shear test was visually observed.
- the metal-resin bonded body for airtightness evaluation the presence or absence of air leak was confirmed by the airtightness evaluation described above. The results are shown in Table 3 in the same manner as in Example 1.
- FIG. 17 shows the result of observation of the cross section of the metal-resin bonded body obtained in Comparative Example 4 by SEM (500x magnification).
- SEM 500x magnification
- Comparative Example 4 As shown in FIG. 17, there were non-laser-irradiated portions (untreated portions). In Comparative Example 4, it is considered that the airtightness and bonding strength decreased due to the influence of the non-laser-irradiated portion. Further, from this result, when Rsm / Ra obtained by the relational expression (2) represented by the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the uneven portion and the average interval Rsm of the unevenness due to the uneven portion exceeds the upper limit value, the metal It was confirmed that the presence of non-irradiated portions on the surface of the member can be evaluated. Further, in Comparative Example 4, as shown in FIG. 17, the concave portion had a shallow and gentle shape, and in Comparative Example 9, as shown in FIG. 18, the concave portion had a deep and elongated shape. These results confirmed that the shape of the recess can be evaluated by Rsm/Ra determined by the relational expression (2).
- the angle ⁇ obtained by the relational expression (1) satisfies a predetermined range, the depth of the deepest concave portion does not become excessively small or large with respect to the opening. It is thought that the interaction between and is sufficiently exerted, resulting in excellent bonding strength and excellent airtightness. Furthermore, in Example 5, as shown in FIG. 19, the protrusions included in the marking patterns adjacent to each other are formed so as to be in contact with each other and integrated, thereby forming an untreated portion in which the metal substrate is exposed. I didn't even hear how it was being done. From these facts, in the metal-resin joined bodies according to the examples, the Rsm/Ra obtained by the relational expression (2) is below the upper limit value, so that the untreated portion is not formed. Conceivable.
- Reference Signs List 1 Metal substrate 2 Direction perpendicular to marking pattern irradiation locus (running direction) 3 Scanning direction 4 Beam diameter 5 Irradiation interval 6 (6') Laser beam locus 7 ... resin molding, 8 (8') ... metal member, 9 ... metal-resin bonded body, 10 ... dedicated jig for shear test, 11 ... metal-resin-metal bonded body, 12 ... water, 13 ... O-ring, 14 . . . Air blowing tube 15 .
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Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献4では、金属/樹脂複合構造体について、金属部材の表面上の平行関係にある任意の3直線部、および当該3直線部と直交する任意の3直線部からなる合計6直線部について、JIS B0601に準拠して測定される表面粗さを測定して、表面粗さが切断レベル20%評価長さ4mmにおける粗さ曲線の負荷長さ率(Rmr)が30%以下である直線部を1直線以上含むようにすることが記載されている。すなわち、金属部材の表面に、鋭利な角のある凹凸形状が形成されることで、高い接合強度に加えて、気密性や水密性に優れるようになることが記載されている。
[1]金属製の金属基材と、前記金属基材の表面に形成された凹凸部を有するマーキングパターンとを備え、
前記マーキングパターンは、1本の連続した直線又は曲線からなり、
複数の前記マーキングパターンは、互いに隣接して並走するように形成されており、
複数の前記マーキングパターンの走行方向に対して直交する方向において、前記凹凸部による凹凸の最大高さ粗さRzと、前記凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsmとが、45≦(180/π)×Arctan(Rz/(Rsm/2))≦75となる関係を有することを特徴とする金属部材。
[2]複数の前記マーキングパターンの走行方向に対して直交する方向において、前記凹凸部の算術平均粗さRaと、前記凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsmとが、2.5≦Rsm/Ra≦9.5となる関係を有する[1]に記載の金属部材。
[3]前記金属基材の表面には、前記マーキングパターンの中央部において表面から深さ方向に向けて凹状に形成される凹部と、前記マーキングパターンの周辺部において表面から高さ方向に向けて凸状に形成される凸部とからなる前記凹凸部が形成されており、
前記金属部材の表面において、互いに隣接する前記マーキングパターンに挟まれる領域には、互いに隣接する前記マーキングパターンにそれぞれ含まれる前記凸部同士が接触して一体化するように形成されており、前記金属基材が露出する未処理部が形成されていないことを特徴とする[1]又は[2]に記載の金属部材。
[4]前記金属は、アルミニウム、銅、鉄又はこれらの各金属を含む合金であることを特徴とする[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の金属部材。
[5][1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の金属部材と、前記金属部材の表面に成形された樹脂成形体とを備え、
前記金属部材と前記樹脂成形体とは、前記マーキングパターンの前記凹凸部に樹脂が入り込んだ状態で接合されていることを特徴とする金属樹脂接合体。
[6]前記樹脂成形体は、熱可塑性樹脂または熱硬化性樹脂を含むものであることを特徴とする[5]に記載の金属樹脂接合体。
[7]金属製の金属基材の表面へのレーザー光の照射によって、前記金属基材の表面に前記レーザー光の照射軌跡に沿って連続する凹凸部を有するマーキングパターンを形成する照射工程を備え、
前記金属基材の表面に複数の前記マーキングパターンが形成された金属部材を製造する金属部材の製造方法であって、
前記マーキングパターンは、1本の連続した直線又は曲線からなり、
前記照射工程において、隣接する部位への前記レーザー光の照射によって、互いに隣接して並走する複数の前記マーキングパターンを形成し、
複数の前記マーキングパターンの前記照射軌跡に対して直交する方向において、前記凹凸部による凹凸の最大高さ粗さRzと、前記凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsmとが、45≦(180/π)×Arctan(Rz/(Rsm/2))≦75となる関係を有することを特徴とする金属部材の製造方法。
[8]複数の前記マーキングパターンの走行方向に対して直交する方向において、前記凹凸部の算術平均粗さRaと、前記凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsmとが、2.5≦Rsm/Ra≦9.5となる関係を有する[7]に記載の金属部材の製造方法。
[9]前記金属基材の表面には、前記レーザー光が照射された箇所の前記金属が前記レーザー光の照射中心部から外方に向けて拡散することで形成される凹部と、前記凹部から拡散した前記金属が前記凹部の周囲に集積することで形成される凸部とからなる前記凹凸部が形成されており、
前記金属部材の表面において、互いに隣接する前記マーキングパターンに挟まれる領域には、互いに隣接する前記マーキングパターンにそれぞれ含まれる前記凸部同士が接触して一体化するように形成されており、前記レーザー光の照射前の前記金属基材が露出する未処理部が形成されていないことを特徴とする[7]又は[8]に記載の金属部材の製造方法。
[10]前記金属は、アルミニウム、銅、鉄又はこれらの各金属を含む合金であることを特徴とする[7]~[9]のいずれかに記載の金属部材の製造方法。
[11][7]~[10]のいずれかに記載の製造方法によって得られた金属部材の表面に、樹脂成形体を形成する樹脂成形工程を備え、
前記金属基材と前記樹脂成形体とが接合された金属樹脂接合体を製造する金属樹脂接合体の製造方法であって、
前記樹脂成型工程では、前記金属部材と前記樹脂成形体とを、前記マーキングパターンの前記凹凸部に樹脂が入り込んだ状態で接合させることを特徴とする金属樹脂接合体の製造方法。
[12]前記樹脂成型工程において、前記金属部材上に熱可塑性樹脂または熱硬化性樹脂を含む樹脂組成物を用いて成形することを特徴とする[11]に記載の金属樹脂接合体の製造方法。
本発明の金属部材は、金属製の金属基材と、前記金属基材の表面に形成された凹凸部を有するマーキングパターンとを備えており、この金属部材は、その表面に接合対象物を接合させて用いることができる。また、本発明の金属樹脂接合体は、金属部材と、金属部材の表面に樹脂成形体とを備えている。
<金属基材>
先ず、本発明の金属部材に使用する金属製の金属基材については、銅又は銅合金からなる銅基材や、鉄又は鉄合金からなる鉄基材や、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金からなるアルミ基材等、素材は制限されるものではなく、これを用いて形成される金属樹脂接合体の用途やその用途に要求される強度、耐食性、加工性等の種々の物性に基づいて決めることができる。また、所望の形状に適宜加工して得られる加工材、更にはこれらの加工材を適宜組み合わせて得られる組合せ材等が挙げられる。また、使用する用途にもよるが、通常はその厚みが0.3mm~10mm程度のものを用いる。通常、金属基材の表面には、酸化皮膜が形成されている。酸化皮膜は、大気中で自然に形成される自然酸化皮膜であってもよく、陽極酸化によって形成される陽極酸化皮膜であってもよい。また、熱間圧延によって形成される圧延酸化皮膜であってもよい。
金属部材との接合対象物としては、金属部材と接合可能な材料であれば特に限定されない。接合対象物は、金属部材を形成する金属基材の融点よりも低い温度で接合可能な材料を用いること好ましい。このような接合対象物は、好適には、樹脂材料からなる樹脂成形体である。樹脂成形体については後述する。
金属部材に接合対象物を接合させるために、金属部材は接合面を有する。この接合面を形成するにあたって、金属基材の一面の一部だけでもよいし、一面の全部や、或いは、両面の一部又は全部などでもよく、使用する用途などに応じて、必要な部分に接合面が形成されればよい。また、接合面の形状、大きさ、配置等についても特に限定されない。組合せ材などの場合においても同様である。なお、本開示において、「接合面」とは、金属基材と樹脂との接合が予定されている領域であって、樹脂との接合のために金属基材の表面に所定の処理が施された領域を称呼するものとする。これに対して、金属基材と樹脂とが接合した領域を「接合部」と称呼して区別する。
マーキングパターンは、レーザー光の照射軌跡に沿って連続して金属基材の表面に形成されるが、照射工程におけるマーキングパターンの形成原理は概ね次のとおりである。すなわち、金属基材にレーザー照射が行われると、レーザー照射によるエネルギーによって金属基材が溶融・拡散・蒸発するが、照射中心部から外方に向けて金属が拡散・蒸発されて穿孔されることでその空間が凹部の基となり、その凹部の両側(両隣)のレーザーが照射されない部分が凸部の基となる。それと同時に、溶融した金属部分は一部又は全部が酸化されて金属酸化物となり、これが凹部となる照射部の周辺に拡散されて堆積して固化することにより、凸部が形成される。マーキングパターンに挟まれる領域には、互いに隣接するマーキングパターンのそれぞれ含まれる凸部どうしが接触して一体化するように凸部が形成されていることが好ましく、金属部材の表面においては、後述のレーザー未照射部に相当する金属基材の露出部(未処理部)が生じないようにすることが好ましい。金属酸化物からなる堆積物は、凹部と凸部を覆って皮膜状に形成される。このように、金属基材の表面に形成された金属酸化物からなる堆積物によって、凹凸部の凹凸形状を形作る金属溶融層が形成される。つまり、マーキングパターンは、レーザー光の照射軌跡においてこのような凹凸部(凹凸形状)を有する金属酸化物からなる堆積物(金属溶融層)が、レーザー光の照射軌跡に沿って連続して存在することよって形成されている。レーザー照射が互いに隣接して行われる場合には、凹部と凸部とが隣接して繰り返すような繰り返し構造を有するようになる。
45≦(180/π)×Arctan(Rz/(Rsm/2))≦75 ・・・(1)
2.5≦Rsm/Ra≦9.5 ・・・(2)
このうち、比較例7に係る金属部材の凹凸部(図6)では、隣接する凹部の間にレーザー光が照射されていない金属基材の未処理部が露出している。それに対して、実施例3に係る金属部材の凹凸部(図4)では、レーザー光の照射により形成された凹部と、隣接する左右両側の凹部から拡散した金属基材由来の金属が凹部の周囲に集積して、それぞれにより形成される凸部同士が接触して一体化していることが分かる。つまり、実施例3の金属部材では、レーザー光が照射されていない金属基材の未処理部が形成されていない。
前述したように、マーキングパターンにおける金属溶融層の最表層には、水酸基を含有する水酸基含有皮膜が形成されることから、接合面には、水酸基含有皮膜が全面にわたって形成されているのがよい。なお、本明細書において、「接合面の全面」とは、必ずしも接合面の表面積の100%のみに限定されるわけでなく、未照射部によって水酸基含有皮膜に覆われていない面がごく微小のスポット的に存在している場合を排除するものではない。接合面は、好ましくは90%以上、より好ましくは95%以上が水酸基含有皮膜に覆われていることがよい。
本発明における金属部材は、凹凸部を有するマーキングパターンを備えており、巨視的には上述したような凹部と凸部が交互に連続して形成されている。そして、レーザー照射によって形成されたこのような凹凸部を「マクロ凹凸部」とすれば、そのマクロ凹凸部の表面には「微細凹凸部」を有していると考えられる。
次いで、所定の接合面を有する金属部材に対して、接合対象物として好適に用いられる樹脂成形体について説明する。樹脂成形体は樹脂組成物を金属部材表面に成形させることにより形成することができる。樹脂成形体は、熱可塑性樹脂または熱硬化性樹脂を含んでいる。
金属樹脂接合体は、樹脂が金属部材表面の接合面(マクロ凹凸部、微細凹凸部)に入り込んだ状態で成形され、接合面を介して金属部材と樹脂成形体とが一体的に接合されている。金属部材及び樹脂成形体をそれぞれ1つずつ用いて接合させてもよいし、或いは、それらのいずれか又は両方を複数用いて接合させてもよく、さらには、それらの複数のセットを任意に積層させたような態様であってもよく、用途に応じて適宜決定することができる。
本発明の金属部材の製造方法は、金属製の金属基材の表面へのレーザー光の照射によって、前記金属基材の表面に前記レーザー光の照射軌跡に沿って連続する凹凸部を有するマーキングパターンを形成する照射工程を備えて、金属基材の表面に複数の前記マーキングパターンが形成された金属部材を得る。本発明の金属樹脂接合体の製造方法は、金属部材の表面に樹脂成形体を接合させる樹脂成形工程を備えている。
<準備工程>
本発明の金属部材の製造方法では、照射工程に先駆けて、金属基材の表面の前処理として、脱脂処理、エッチング処理、デスマット処理、化学研磨処理、及び電解研磨処理等の前処理を施す準備工程を備えていてもよい。
本発明は、金属製の金属基材の表面にレーザー光を照射する処理(以下、単に「レーザー処理」などという。)を施す。レーザー処理によって、接合対象物との接合面を形成させて、本発明に係る金属部材を得る。ここで、レーザーとしては、公知のレーザーを使用することができるが、本発明のようにスポット的に金属基材を加工することに好都合であることから、パルス発振レーザーを用いることが好ましく、例えば、YAGレーザー、YVO4レーザー、半導体レーザー、ファイバーレーザーを用いることがよい。
本発明は、上述したような所定の凹凸部を有したマーキングパターンを形成するために、次のような点を考慮したレーザー処理条件に設定することが好ましい。
エネルギー密度=(((Length/C)×Width×N)/V)×W)/(Length×Width) ・・・式(A1)
式(A1)を変形すると以下の式(A2)が得られる。エネルギー密度は、式(A2)によって算出することができる。
エネルギー密度=(W×N)/(C×V) ・・・式(A2)
レーザー処理の対象となる金属基材の主金属がアルミニウム、鉄、銅である場合について、レーザー処理条件の例を表1に示す。
金属樹脂接合体は、樹脂組成物を原料として、金属部材表面に樹脂成形体を成形させることによって製造する。
従来より、金属樹脂接合体の接合強度を高めるために、金属製材料をレーザー光で処理した際に所定の開口径及び深さを有するマクロ凹凸部を形成することにより、樹脂が入り込むことで機械的な相互作用を起こしやすい構造を形成することが有効であるとされている。また、該レーザー処理により生じる金属基材の溶融部が酸素を含有する酸素含有皮膜であり、この酸素含有皮膜が接合強度の発現に寄与することが知られていた。本発明者らが詳細に検討した結果、レーザー処理により形成される凹凸部を有するマーキングパーンでの凹部を所定の形状に制御することが効果的であるという知見を得た。すなわち、マーキングパーンにおける凹部の形状が、最大高さ粗さRzと平均間隔Rsmとで表される角度θが所定の範囲内にあることで、凹部の深部まで樹脂が流入して凹部と樹脂との間に生じる空隙の発生を抑えるとともに、樹脂と作用する酸素含有皮膜の表面積が増加して、金属部材と樹脂とによる相互作用が十分に発揮されるような凹部を有する断面形状となるため、接合強度と気密性が向上する。
<接合断面の評価>
樹脂成形体を接合する前の金属部材、又は金属樹脂接合体を厚さ方向に切断して、エポキシ樹脂に埋め込んだ後、湿式研磨を行い、接合断面評価用のサンプルを作製した。接合断面評価用のサンプルに対して、厚さ方向断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(日本電子製、JSM-7200F)により倍率100~500倍で観察した。
金属樹脂接合体の接合強度の評価を、ISO19095に準じたせん断強度の測定によって行った。具体的には図9に示すように、金属部材8と樹脂成形体7とを接合した金属樹脂接合体9を専用治具10に固定し、10mm/minの速度で、接合面に対して平行な方向にせん断力が加わるように荷重を印加し、金属部材と樹脂成形体との間の接合部を破壊する試験を実施した。金属樹脂接合体が破断したときの破断力を引張せん断強度(MPa)として求めた。
金属樹脂金属接合体の接合強度の評価を、JIS K 6850を参考にしたせん断強度の測定によって行った。具体的には図10に示すように、2枚の金属部材8及び8’を、後述の熱硬化性接着剤を用いて貼り合わせた金属樹脂金属接合体11を専用治具10に固定し、5mm/minの速度で、接合面に対して平行な方向にせん断力が加わるように荷重を印加し、接着剤を介した金属部材どうしの接合体の接合部を破壊する試験を実施した。金属樹脂金属接合体が破断したときの破断力を引張せん断強度(MPa)として求めた。
金属樹脂接合体、又は金属樹脂金属接合体の気密性の評価を、エアーリーク試験によって行った。具体的には図11に示すように、金属部材8と樹脂成形体7とを接合した金属樹脂接合体9を専用気密性冶具15にクランプして固定した状態で、エアーを最大で正圧0.5MPaまで印加し、1分間保持した。その後,エアー漏れの有無を目視で確認した。または、図12に示すように、2枚の金属部材8及び8’を、後述の熱硬化性接着剤を用いて貼り合わせた金属樹脂金属接合体11を専用気密性冶具15にクランプして固定した状態で、エアーを最大で正圧0.5MPaまで印加し、1分間保持した。その後、エアー漏れの有無を目視で確認した。上述した専用気密性治具15では、金属樹脂接合体9、又は金属樹脂金属接合体11を、O-リング13を介装した状態で上下から固定治具で挟みこんで固定している。金属樹脂接合体9、又は金属樹脂金属接合体11を挟んで、専用気密性治具15の上側の開放部には水12が存在しており、専用気密性治具15の下側の密閉部には空気が存在している。通気管14を通じて密閉部にエアーを印加することで、接合界面から気泡が発生するかどうかを機序として、金属樹脂接合体9、又は金属樹脂金属接合体11を通じて、開放部側にエアーが漏れるかどうかを確認することができる。評価時間内においてエアーリークがない場合は合格であるとして〇とし、エアーリークが観察された場合は不合格であるとして×にした。
得られた金属部材の接合面の表面粗さとして、キーエンス社製ワンショット3D形状測定機VR-3200を用いて、前述の最大高さ粗さRz、平均間隔Rsm、及び算術平均粗さRaを測定した。測定は、3600×2800μmの測定範囲において、倍率80倍、カットオフλsなし、カットオフλcなしとして、基準長数1の条件で測定本数41本を測定して平均値を算出した。その際、レーザー光の縞模様状の軌跡と、測定器の投光レンズから照射される縞状の光とが、直角に交差する位置関係となるようにして測定を行った。すなわち、隣接する部位への前記レーザー光の照射によって形成されたマーキングパターンについて、互いに隣接して並走する複数のマーキングパターンの照射軌跡に対して直交する方向において、凹凸部による凹凸の最大高さ粗さRzと、凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsmと、凹凸部の算術平均粗さRaとを測定した。具体的には、後述するアルミ板材等からなる接合強度評価用の金属樹脂接合体を形成する金属部材では、図7(b)に示したように、縞模様からなるレーザー光の照射軌跡について、上記の測定範囲において、照射軌跡に対して直交する方向2に41本の測定を行い、各表面粗さの平均値を算出した。また、アルミ円盤等からなる気密性評価用の金属樹脂接合体を形成する金属部材では、図8(b)に示したような同心円状のレーザー光の照射軌跡について、同様に、照射軌跡に対して直交する方向2に41本の測定を行い、各表面粗さの平均値を算出した。
<金属部材の作製>
ステンレス板材(SUS304)から厚さ1.5mm×幅18mm×長さ45mmの長方形状のSUS板材を用意した。また、SUS板材に穴を開けて、厚さ2mm×外径Φ55mm×内径Φ20mmの円環状のSUS円盤を用意した。そして、それぞれ金属基材として準備した。
<レーザー処理条件>
・装置:キーエンス社製、3Axis Fiberレーザマーカ(型式:MDF-5200、最大出力50W)
・レーザー光波長:1090nm
・発信方式:パルス
・出力:85%(42.5W)
・周波数:60kHz
・ビーム径:60μm
・照射間隔:90μm
・走査速度:340mm/s
・走査回数(照射回数):1回
上記のようにして接合面が形成された各金属部材(レーザー処理後のSUS板材及びSUS円盤)を、射出成形機(日精樹脂工業製、FNX1103-18A)を用いて、ISO19095に準拠して作製した金型内にそれぞれインサート後、これらに対して、熱可塑性樹脂としてポリフェニレンスルフィド(PPS)(ポリプラスチック社製、商品名:ジュラファイド、グレード:1150MF1)を使用して、これを樹脂温度320℃、金型温度150℃、射出速度30mm/s、保圧80MPaで射出成形した。それにより、樹脂成形体の厚さが3mm×幅10mm×長さ45mmの長方形状であって、SUS板材と樹脂成形体との長方形状の接合部の接合面積が5mm×10mmである、SUS板材(金属部材)8と樹脂成形体7との接合体(金属樹脂接合体9、図13)を作製した。また、樹脂成形体が厚さ2mm×Φ24mmの円盤状であって、SUS円盤の内径側面との円環状の接合部の接合幅が2.0mm、接合面積が138.2mm2である、アルミ円盤(金属部材)8と樹脂成形体7との接合体(金属樹脂接合体9、図14)を作製した。なお、いずれの金属樹脂接合体ともにサンプル数(N数)3で作製した。
本実施例1に係る各金属部材(レーザー処理後のSUS板材)について、上述した方法により凹凸部による凹凸の最大高さ粗さRz、凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsm、及び、凹凸部の算術平均粗さRaを測定して、関係式(1)における『(180/π)×Arctan(Rz/(Rsm/2))』(すなわち『角度θ』)と、関係式(2)における『Rsm/Ra』を求めた。これらの結果を表3にまとめて示す。なお、接合強度の評価に用いられる板材と、気密性の評価に用いられる円盤とは、同様のレーザー処理条件にてレーザー処理を行っている。このため、板材について測定した、凹凸部による凹凸の最大高さ粗さRz、凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsm、及び、凹凸部の算術平均粗さRa、並びに接合断面の評価の結果は、円盤においても同様の結果となる。
レーザー処理条件を表2に示したとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、金属部材(SUS板材、SUS円盤)を作製するとともに、評価用の各金属樹脂接合体を作製した。
JIS H3100に示された無酸素銅(C1020)の圧延材を用いて金属基材を準備し、また、レーザー処理条件を表2に示したとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、金属部材(Cu板材、Cu円盤)を作製するとともに、評価用の各金属樹脂接合体を作製した。
ISO19095に準拠し、JIS H0001に示された調質記号H34で処理したA5052アルミニウム合金(A5052-H34)を用いて金属基材を準備し、レーザー処理条件を表2に示したとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、金属部材(アルミ板材、アルミ円盤)を作製した。
JIS H0001に示された調質記号T5で処理したA6063アルミニウム合金(A6063-T5)の中空押出し材から厚さ5mm×幅25mm×長さ50mmの長方形状のアルミ板材を2枚と、厚さ2mm×外径Φ55mm×内径Φ20mmの円環状のアルミ円盤と、厚さ2mm×外径Φ24mmの円形状のアルミ円盤を、それぞれ金属基材として切り出して準備した。
表3に示されているとおり、関係式(1)の下限値未満である比較例1~8では、界面破壊を示して接合強度で不良を示した。このうち、比較例4~9では、気密性の評価でも不合格(×)であった。また、関係式(1)の上限値超である比較例9では、接合強度の点では問題がなかったものの、気密性の評価が不合格であった。
Claims (12)
- 金属製の金属基材と、前記金属基材の表面に形成された凹凸部を有するマーキングパターンとを備え、
前記マーキングパターンは、1本の連続した直線又は曲線からなり、
複数の前記マーキングパターンは、互いに隣接して並走するように形成されており、
複数の前記マーキングパターンの走行方向に対して直交する方向において、前記凹凸部による凹凸の最大高さ粗さRzと、前記凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsmとが、45≦(180/π)×Arctan(Rz/(Rsm/2))≦75となる関係を有することを特徴とする金属部材。 - 複数の前記マーキングパターンの走行方向に対して直交する方向において、前記凹凸部の算術平均粗さRaと、前記凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsmとが、2.5≦Rsm/Ra≦9.5となる関係を有する請求項1に記載の金属部材。
- 前記金属基材の表面には、前記マーキングパターンの中央部において表面から深さ方向に向けて凹状に形成される凹部と、前記マーキングパターンの周辺部において表面から高さ方向に向けて凸状に形成される凸部とからなる前記凹凸部が形成されており、
前記金属部材の表面において、互いに隣接する前記マーキングパターンに挟まれる領域には、互いに隣接する前記マーキングパターンにそれぞれ含まれる前記凸部同士が接触して一体化するように形成されており、前記金属基材が露出する未処理部が形成されていないことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の金属部材。 - 前記金属は、アルミニウム、銅、鉄又はこれらの各金属を含む合金であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の金属部材。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の金属部材と、前記金属部材の表面に成形された樹脂成形体とを備え、
前記金属部材と前記樹脂成形体とは、前記マーキングパターンの前記凹凸部に樹脂が入り込んだ状態で接合されていることを特徴とする金属樹脂接合体。 - 前記樹脂成形体は、熱可塑性樹脂または熱硬化性樹脂を含むものであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の金属樹脂接合体。
- 金属製の金属基材の表面へのレーザー光の照射によって、前記金属基材の表面に前記レーザー光の照射軌跡に沿って連続する凹凸部を有するマーキングパターンを形成する照射工程を備え、
前記金属基材の表面に複数の前記マーキングパターンが形成された金属部材を製造する金属部材の製造方法であって、
前記マーキングパターンは、1本の連続した直線又は曲線からなり、
前記照射工程において、隣接する部位への前記レーザー光の照射によって、互いに隣接して並走する複数の前記マーキングパターンを形成し、
複数の前記マーキングパターンの前記照射軌跡に対して直交する方向において、前記凹凸部による凹凸の最大高さ粗さRzと、前記凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsmとが、45≦(180/π)×Arctan(Rz/(Rsm/2))≦75となる関係を有することを特徴とする金属部材の製造方法。 - 複数の前記マーキングパターンの走行方向に対して直交する方向において、前記凹凸部の算術平均粗さRaと、前記凹凸部による凹凸の平均間隔Rsmとが、2.5≦Rsm/Ra≦9.5となる関係を有する請求項7に記載の金属部材の製造方法。
- 前記金属基材の表面には、前記レーザー光が照射された箇所の前記金属が前記レーザー光の照射中心部から外方に向けて拡散することで形成される凹部と、前記凹部から拡散した前記金属が前記凹部の周囲に集積することで形成される凸部とからなる前記凹凸部が形成されており、
前記金属部材の表面において、互いに隣接する前記マーキングパターンに挟まれる領域には、互いに隣接する前記マーキングパターンにそれぞれ含まれる前記凸部同士が接触して一体化するように形成されており、前記レーザー光の照射前の前記金属基材が露出する未処理部が形成されていないことを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の金属部材の製造方法。 - 前記金属は、アルミニウム、銅、鉄又はこれらの各金属を含む合金であることを特徴とする請求項7~9のいずれかに記載の金属部材の製造方法。
- 請求項7~10のいずれかに記載の製造方法によって得られた金属部材の表面に、樹脂成形体を形成する樹脂成形工程を備え、
前記金属基材と前記樹脂成形体とが接合された金属樹脂接合体を製造する金属樹脂接合体の製造方法であって、
前記樹脂成型工程では、前記金属部材と前記樹脂成形体とを、前記マーキングパターンの前記凹凸部に樹脂が入り込んだ状態で接合させることを特徴とする金属樹脂接合体の製造方法。 - 前記樹脂成型工程において、前記金属部材上に熱可塑性樹脂または熱硬化性樹脂を含む樹脂組成物を用いて成形することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の金属樹脂接合体の製造方法。
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| CN116586812A (zh) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-15 | 大连理工大学 | 一种用于提升构筑件界面结合效果的基材表面 |
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| WO2025258842A1 (ko) * | 2024-06-12 | 2025-12-18 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전자 장치의 하우징 및 그 제조 방법 |
| JP7751143B1 (ja) * | 2025-01-27 | 2025-10-07 | 東京電設サービス株式会社 | レーザー照射による粗面形成化方法 |
| KR102900865B1 (ko) * | 2025-07-15 | 2025-12-16 | (주)성우 | 금속 수지 접합체 제조방법 |
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- 2022-10-07 CN CN202280067968.9A patent/CN118076459A/zh active Pending
- 2022-10-07 WO PCT/JP2022/037710 patent/WO2023063271A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-10-07 KR KR1020247012042A patent/KR20240056830A/ko active Pending
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| JP4020957B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-12-12 | ヤマセ電気株式会社 | 異種材料との接合部を有する金属材料及びレーザーを用いてのその加工方法 |
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| KR20240056830A (ko) | 2024-04-30 |
| CN118076459A (zh) | 2024-05-24 |
| JP2023059627A (ja) | 2023-04-27 |
| US20240383224A1 (en) | 2024-11-21 |
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