WO2023060712A1 - 一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车 - Google Patents

一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023060712A1
WO2023060712A1 PCT/CN2021/132687 CN2021132687W WO2023060712A1 WO 2023060712 A1 WO2023060712 A1 WO 2023060712A1 CN 2021132687 W CN2021132687 W CN 2021132687W WO 2023060712 A1 WO2023060712 A1 WO 2023060712A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
assembly
supercharger
nozzle
spray head
steam
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PCT/CN2021/132687
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程明明
高建波
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滨州学院
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Publication date
Application filed by 滨州学院 filed Critical 滨州学院
Publication of WO2023060712A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023060712A1/zh
Priority to US18/505,947 priority Critical patent/US20240067360A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
    • B64F5/20—Ground installations for de-icing aircraft
    • B64F5/23—Ground installations for de-icing aircraft by liquid application; Spraying installations therefor, e.g. fitted on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/005—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 mounted on vehicles or designed to apply a liquid on a very large surface, e.g. on the road, on the surface of large containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0884—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being aligned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0892—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being disposed on a circle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
    • B64F5/20—Ground installations for de-icing aircraft
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H4/00—Working on surfaces of snow or ice in order to make them suitable for traffic or sporting purposes, e.g. by compacting snow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
    • F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of aircraft deicing, in particular to a novel steam jet multifunctional aircraft deicing vehicle.
  • the main components of the anti-icing liquid used are methanol, ethanol (alcohol), ethylene glycol, etc.
  • This anti-icing liquid has a low condensation temperature and can be mixed with water Good performance, strong adhesion to the anti-icing surface, no chemical corrosion on the anti-icing surface, non-toxic, and good fire resistance, so it is widely used in aircraft deicing, but the cost of this type of anti-icing fluid is relatively high.
  • Chinese patent CN109987247A discloses a steam jet multifunctional aircraft deicing vehicle, which includes a car body, a steam generating device, a steam delivery device, a deicing executive device, a deicing control system, etc., and the steam generating device of the deicing vehicle
  • the device uses fuel oil as the power source, which can generate high-temperature saturated steam and high-temperature air, including: water tank, water pump, blower, and steam generator; the water tank provides water source for the steam generator through the water pump; the blower provides air for the steam generator to generate different Humidity and saturation of steam and high-temperature air, the deicing executive device of the deicing vehicle cannot generate steam and high-temperature air at the same time, it can only deice first, and then dry the ice water, because the outdoor temperature is low, the first melted If the ice water is not evaporated in time, it is very easy to freeze again, which affects the deicing efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a deicing vehicle that
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel steam jet multifunctional aircraft deicing vehicle, to solve the above problems, achieve deicing and drying at the same time, and improve the effect of deicing efficiency.
  • a novel steam jet multifunctional aircraft deicing vehicle comprising a vehicle body, a steam generating assembly is arranged inside the vehicle body, and the steam generating assembly is connected with a steam delivery assembly, A motion assembly is rotatably connected above the car body, and an executive assembly is rotatably connected to the motion assembly;
  • the execution assembly includes a first spray head assembly, a second spray head assembly is arranged below the first spray head assembly, the first spray head assembly is used to spray high-temperature air, the second spray head assembly is used to spray steam, and the first spray head assembly is used to spray steam.
  • a number of nozzles are fixedly connected to the first nozzle assembly and the second nozzle assembly;
  • the vapor conveying assembly includes a first supercharger and a second supercharger arranged side by side, the intake ports of the first supercharger and the second supercharger are communicated with a buffer tank, and the first supercharger One end of the first air outlet pipe is communicated with the outlet end of the device, and the other end of the first air outlet pipe is communicated with the nozzle of the second nozzle assembly through an air pipeline, and the inlet end of the second supercharger is communicated with There is a blower, the gas outlet end of the second supercharger communicates with one end of a second gas outlet pipe, and the other end of the second gas outlet pipe communicates with the nozzle of the first nozzle assembly through an air pipeline.
  • the moving assembly includes a rotating disc that is rotatably connected to the upper part of the vehicle body, a rotating rod is hinged above the rotating disc, and a telescopic rod is slidably connected to the rotating rod, and the end of the telescopic rod is connected to the actuator assembly Rotationally connected, the two ends of the second hydraulic cylinder are hinged between the rotating disc and the rotating rod.
  • the end of the rotating rod close to the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a displacement sensor through bolts, and the rotating disc is meshed with an angle sensor.
  • the executive assembly further includes a deicing plate, the side of the deicing plate away from the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the spray head, and a first hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the deicing plate and the telescopic rod both ends.
  • nozzles Preferably, several of the nozzles are arranged in a matrix at equal intervals.
  • the steam generating assembly includes a first water tank, the lower end of the first water tank is connected to the water inlet end of the water pump, the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to the upper part of the second water tank, and the lower part of the second water tank is provided with a heating part and Descaling department.
  • the heating part includes several evaporating tubes communicating with the second water tank, the evaporating tubes are in a U-shaped structure, and a sleeve is sleeved on the side of the evaporating tube away from the second water tank, and the sleeve
  • the outer side of the tube is sleeved with a solenoid tube, and the outlet ends of several evaporating tubes are connected with a confluence pipe, and the confluence pipe is connected with the buffer tank.
  • the descaling part includes an ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator is fixedly connected with several vibrating tubes, the vibrating tubes are in a T-shaped structure, and the vibrating tubes are sleeved on the bottom of the evaporation tube.
  • the spray head is a CC fan nozzle.
  • the water pump is a self-priming water pump.
  • the steam generation assembly is provided with electric energy by the internal fuel generator of the deicing vehicle
  • the steam sprayed by the second spray head assembly melts the ice layer on the surface of the aircraft into water
  • the high-temperature air sprayed by the first spray head assembly melts the ice layer
  • the melted water is heated and evaporated to keep the surface of the aircraft dry.
  • the executive components can be deiced along the horizontal or vertical direction of the fuselage. The steam deicing and heating and evaporating water are carried out at the same time to prevent the secondary freezing of the melted ice water if it is not cleaned up in time.
  • a blower is added to the air path connected to the first nozzle assembly, and the blower is used to supplement the air in the air path, and obtain relatively dry and high-temperature air by adjusting the content of supplementary air and steam to evaporate the aircraft
  • the moisture on the surface, the heat of the air sprayed by the first nozzle assembly comes from the steam generation assembly, no independent heat source is required, and the heat utilization rate of the steam generation assembly is improved.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the steam generation component and the steam delivery component of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the executive component of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the traversing assembly according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the cam structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Solenoid; blower; 20, the first supercharger; 21, the first air outlet pipe; 22, displacement sensor; 23, angle sensor; 24, the second supercharger; 25, the second air outlet pipe; 701, the first air outlet; 702, the second air outlet; 26, the third booster; 27, the third air outlet; 28, the ice melting plate; 29, the water inlet; 30, the third hydraulic cylinder; 31, the first filter; 32, the first filter 1 waste water pump; 33, second filter; 34, waste water tank; 35, second waste water pump; 36, support plate; 37, sliding plate; 38, cam; 39, rotating motor; 40, sliding column.
  • a new type of steam jet multifunctional aircraft deicing vehicle in this embodiment includes a vehicle body 1, a steam generating component is arranged inside the vehicle body 1, the steam generating component is connected with a steam delivery component, and the vehicle body 1 rotates above A motion component is connected, and the motion component is rotatably connected with an executive component;
  • the execution assembly includes a first nozzle assembly, a second nozzle assembly is arranged below the first nozzle assembly, the first nozzle assembly is used to inject high temperature air, the second nozzle assembly is used to inject steam, the first nozzle assembly and the second nozzle assembly are respectively fixed A number of nozzles 7 are connected;
  • the vapor conveying assembly includes a first supercharger 20 and a second supercharger 24 arranged side by side.
  • the intake ports of the first supercharger 20 and the second supercharger 24 are communicated with a buffer tank 18 , and the first supercharger 20 is exhausted.
  • the other end of the first air outlet pipe 21 is communicated with the first end of the air outlet pipe 21, and the other end of the first air outlet pipe 21 is communicated with the nozzle 7 of the second nozzle assembly through the air pipeline.
  • the gas outlet end of the supercharger 24 communicates with one end of the second gas outlet pipe 25, and the other end of the second gas outlet pipe 25 communicates with the nozzle 7 of the first nozzle assembly through an air pipeline.
  • the steam generation component is powered by the internal fuel generator of the deicing vehicle.
  • the steam sprayed by the second nozzle component melts the icy layer on the surface of the aircraft into water, and the high-temperature air injected by the first nozzle component heats and evaporates the water that melts the ice layer, making The surface of the aircraft is kept dry, and the executive components can be deiced along the horizontal or vertical direction of the fuselage.
  • Steam deicing and heating and evaporating water are carried out at the same time to prevent secondary freezing of the melted ice water if it is not cleaned in time; when combined with the first nozzle A blower 19 is added to the air path connected to the components, and the blower 19 is used to supplement the air in the air path, and obtain relatively dry and high-temperature air by adjusting the content of added air and steam to evaporate the moisture on the surface of the aircraft.
  • the heat of the air sprayed by the nozzle assembly comes from the steam generation assembly, and no independent heat source is required, which improves the heat utilization rate of the steam generation assembly.
  • the motion assembly includes a rotating disk 2 that is rotatably connected to the upper part of the car body 1.
  • a rotating rod 3 is hinged above the rotating disk 2.
  • the rotating rod 3 is slidably connected to a telescopic rod 4.
  • the end of the telescopic rod 4 is rotatably connected to the executive assembly.
  • Two ends of the second hydraulic cylinder 8 are hinged between the disc 2 and the rotating rod 3 .
  • the rotating disc 2 can drive the actuator to rotate.
  • the extension and shortening of the second hydraulic cylinder 8 are used to adjust the angle between the rotating rod 3 and the rotating disc 2.
  • the telescopic rod 4 can slide inside the rotating rod 3 to adapt to the aircraft fuselage. the height of.
  • the end of the rotating rod 3 close to the telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected with a displacement sensor 22 by bolts, and the rotating disc 2 is meshed with an angle sensor 23 .
  • the vehicle body is kept parallel to the fuselage, and while the rotating disk 2 is rotating, the telescopic rod 4 is extended or shortened along the rotating rod 3, so as to ensure that the distance between the executive component and the fuselage is approximately Remaining unchanged, the displacement sensor 22 is used to obtain the distance between the actuator assembly and the end of the rotating rod 3, and the angle sensor 23 is used to obtain the rotation angle of the rotating disk 2.
  • the distance and the rotation angle are in a one-to-one correspondence, which not only ensures the effect of deicing, It also prevents the contact between the executive component and the fuselage.
  • the executive assembly also includes a deicing plate 6 , the side of the deicing plate 6 away from the telescopic rod 4 is fixedly connected to the nozzle 7 , and the two ends of the first hydraulic cylinder 5 are hinged between the deicing plate 6 and the telescopic rod 4 .
  • the nozzles 7 are installed in the de-icing plate 6 in an embedded manner.
  • the air inlets of the nozzles 7 used for deicing are connected to each other, and the inlets of the nozzles 7 used for drying are also connected to each other.
  • Two groups of nozzles with different functions 7 is separated by the transverse partition on the deicing plate 6, the extension and shortening of the first hydraulic cylinder 5 controls the corner of the deicing plate 6, and the angle of the deicing plate 6 can be adjusted to adapt to the arc-shaped machine body.
  • nozzles 7 are arranged in a matrix at equal intervals, which is conducive to improving the uniformity of steam and air injected into the fuselage of the aircraft.
  • the steam generating assembly includes a first water tank 9, the lower end of the first water tank 9 is connected to the water inlet end of the water pump 10, the water outlet end of the water pump 10 is connected to the upper part of the second water tank 11, and the lower part of the second water tank 11 is provided with a heating part and a dehumidifier. Scale.
  • the steam generating unit has a double water tank structure, which increases the water capacity.
  • the heating part includes several evaporation tubes 12 communicating with the second water tank 11.
  • the evaporation tubes 12 are in a U-shaped structure.
  • There is a solenoid 16 and the outlet ends of several evaporation tubes 12 are connected with a confluence pipe 17, and the confluence pipe 17 is in communication with a buffer tank 18.
  • the solenoid 16 is used to generate eddy current to heat the evaporation tube 12. This heating method is different from the traditional steam generating components.
  • the energized solenoid 16 replaces the resistance heating rod, which improves the utilization efficiency of electric energy. Compared with the traditional heating The rod is more reliable and not easily damaged.
  • the sleeve 15 between the solenoid 16 and the evaporating tube 12 prevents the heat of the evaporating tube 12 from being transferred to the outside, and at the same time isolates the solenoid 16 and the metal evaporating tube 12 to avoid electric leakage accidents. .
  • descaling part comprises ultrasonic generator 14, and ultrasonic generator 14 is fixedly connected with some vibrating tubes 13, and vibrating tube 13 is T-shaped structure, and vibrating tube 13 is socketed in evaporation tube 12 bottoms.
  • the ultrasonic generator 14 is used to generate ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the bottom of the evaporating tube 12 along the vibrating tube 13 to prevent scale from adhering in the evaporating tube 12 and prevent scale from clogging the evaporating tube 12 and affecting heat transfer efficiency.
  • the nozzle 7 uses CC fan nozzles.
  • the water pump 10 selects a self-priming water pump.
  • the working process of this embodiment start the fuel generator in the deicing vehicle to generate electric energy, and the current generates single-phase frequency-adjustable alternating current through voltage transformation processing, and an induced alternating electromagnetic field is generated around the solenoid 16, so that it is in the alternating electromagnetic field Inductive current is generated in the evaporating tube 12, and the induced current is also called eddy current. Finally, the evaporating tube 12 is heated by the eddy current effect, and the water in the evaporating tube 12 is converted into steam. The steam generated by several evaporating tubes 12 gathers in the buffer tank 18.
  • the steam in the buffer tank 18 is divided into two ways to flow out, one way is connected to the nozzle 7 in the second nozzle assembly, and the steam generated is used for deicing, and the other route is provided by the air blower 19, and is connected with the nozzle 7 in the first nozzle assembly.
  • the telescopic rod 4 is extended to reach The height of the aircraft deicing position, adjust the angle of the deicing plate 6, so that the deicing plate 6 is facing the fuselage, the first nozzle assembly and the second nozzle assembly spray air at the same time, and the deicing and drying operations are carried out at the same time, which improves the deicing efficiency ;
  • the vehicle body is kept parallel to the fuselage, and while the rotating disk 2 is rotating, the telescopic rod 4 is extended or shortened along the rotating rod 3, so as to ensure that the distance between the executive component and the fuselage is generally maintained
  • the displacement sensor 22 is used to obtain the distance between the actuator assembly and the end of the rotating rod 3
  • the angle sensor 23 is used to obtain the rotation angle of
  • a first air outlet hole 701 is opened in the center of the outlet end of the nozzle 7, and a number of second air outlet holes 702 are opened in the edge of the outlet end of the nozzle 7.
  • the air holes 702 are arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the spray head 7, and several second air outlet holes 702 communicate with the first air outlet holes 701.
  • the center of the outlet end of the spray head 7 is a circular concave surface.
  • the spray head 7 of this embodiment has a plurality of air outlets, the first air outlet 701 located in the center of the shower head 7 is the main air outlet, and the second air outlets 702 are auxiliary air outlets.
  • the steam or air ejected from the first air outlets 701 is combined with The front end of the nozzle 7 is vertical, its flow rate and impact force are relatively large, and it plays the main role of deicing and drying.
  • the steam or air ejected from the second air outlet holes 702 has a certain angle with the axis of the nozzle 7, which plays an auxiliary role.
  • the steam or air ejected from the nozzle 7 of this embodiment has an umbrella-shaped structure, which increases the effective deicing area and better deicing effect.
  • the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the buffer tank 18 is connected to the intake end of the third booster 26 , and the outlet end of the third booster 26 is connected to the ice-melting plate through the third outlet pipe 27 28.
  • the ice-melting plate 28 is located under the middle part of the car body 1, and the ice-melting plate 28 includes several nozzles 7;
  • the bottom of the car body 1 tail is provided with a water suction port 29, and the movable end of the third hydraulic cylinder 30 is fixedly connected above the water suction port 29.
  • the fixed end of the third hydraulic cylinder 30 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the car body 1 tail.
  • the water pipeline is connected with a first filter 31, the top of the first filter 31 is connected with a first wastewater pump 32 through a water pipeline, and the top of the first wastewater pump 32 is connected with a second filter 33 through a water pipeline.
  • the ice-melting plate 28 is used to remove snow and ice layers on the airport runway. The snow and ice layers melt into water in the steam ejected from the nozzle 7.
  • the third hydraulic cylinder 30 controls the rise and fall of the water suction port 29.
  • the water suction port 29 When it is lowered to fit the ground, the accumulated water on the ground is lowered under the action of the first waste water pump 32 to collect, and the accumulated water flows into the water tank through the filtering action of the first filter 31 and the second filter 33, and the first filter 31 And the second filter 33 is provided with filter paper, activated carbon and other materials with adsorption and filtration effect, which removes large particles of impurities in the water, and the accumulated water is pumped into the first water tank 9 through the second waste water pump 35, so that the accumulated water can be redistributed. use.
  • the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the rear side of the bottom of the car body 1 is fixedly connected with a traverse assembly, and the traverse assembly includes a symmetrically arranged support plate 36, which is a cube-shaped structure.
  • the supporting plate 36 is fixedly connected with the car body 1, and the end of the supporting plate 36 away from the car body 1 is provided with a chute, and a sliding plate 37 is slidably connected in the chute, and one end of the sliding plate 37 is fixedly connected with a water suction port 29, and the sliding plate 37 is close to the car body 1
  • One side is rotationally connected with two sliding columns 40, the axes of the sliding columns 40 are perpendicular to the sliding plate 37, a rotating motor 39 is arranged between the two support plates 36, the rotating motor 39 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the car body 1, and the axis of the rotating motor 39
  • the end shaft is connected with a cam 38, and the side surface of the cam 38 is in contact with the sliding post 40.
  • the sliding post 40 includes three protruding ends, and the three protruding ends are arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the cam 38.
  • the rotary motor 39 drives the cam 38 to rotate, and the side of the cam 38 is always in contact with the sliding column 40.
  • the cam 38 drives the sliding plate 37 to reciprocate through the sliding column 40, and the sliding plate 37 drives the water suction port 29 to move, absorbing water
  • the mouth 29 is in contact with the bottom surface of the airstrip. Because the water suction mouth 29 is constantly reciprocating, the water absorption area is indirectly enlarged, and the water absorption efficiency is improved.
  • the first supercharger 20, the second supercharger 24, the third supercharger 26, the rotating disk 2, the displacement sensor 22, the angle sensor 23, the telescopic rod 4, the solenoid 16, and the ultrasonic generator 14 are electrically connected with Controllers, including but not limited to PLC controllers, single-chip microcomputers, etc. Its connection mode is common knowledge in this field.

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
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  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及飞机除冰技术领域，特别是涉及一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，包括车体，车体内部设有蒸汽发生组件，蒸汽发生组件连接有蒸汽输送组件，车体上方转动连接有运动组件，运动组件转动连接有执行组件；执行组件包括第一喷头组件、第二喷头组件；蒸汽输送组件包括并排设置的第一增压器和第二增压器，第一增压器出气端连通有第一出气管的一端，第一出气管的另一端通过输气管道与第二喷头组件的喷头连通，第二增压器的进气端连通有鼓风机，第二增压器的出气端连通有第二出气管的一端，第二出气管的另一端通过输气管道与第一喷头组件的喷头连通。本发明可以达到除冰、干燥同时进行，提高除冰效率的效果。

Description

一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车 技术领域
本发明涉及飞机除冰技术领域，特别是涉及一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车。
背景技术
在结冰条件下，冰、雪、霜对飞机的运行安全会造成直接影响，会使飞机外表面变得粗糙，增加飞机重量，限制飞机操纵面的活动范围，导致仪表误差，严重时还会引起飞机失速和瞬间反常上仰，从而使飞机的飞行性能大大下降，特别当飞机起飞上升时，使得飞行姿态难以控制，严重则造成空难。冬季不利的气象条件会给飞机带来严重危害。因此，为了保障正常航运和飞行安全，必须除去飞机表面的冰霜积雪。现有的飞机除雪方法是向飞机表面喷射飞机防冰液，使用的防冰液主要成分有甲醇、乙醇(酒精)、乙烯乙二醇等，此种防冰液具有凝结温度低，与水混合性能好，与防冰表面附着力强，对防冰表面没有化学腐蚀作用，无毒，以及防火性能好等特点，因此广泛应用于飞机除冰，但此种防冰液成本较高。
中国专利CN109987247A公开了一种蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，该除冰车包括车体、蒸汽发生装置、蒸汽输送装置、除冰执行装置、除冰控制系统等，该除冰车的蒸汽发生装置采用燃油作为动力源，可以产生高温饱和蒸汽和高温空气，包括：水箱、水泵、鼓风机、蒸汽发生器；水箱通过水泵为蒸汽发生器提供水源；鼓风机为蒸汽发生器提供空气，用来产生不同湿度和饱和度的蒸汽和高温空气，该除冰车的除冰执行装置并不能同时产生蒸汽和高温空气，只能先除冰，再对冰水进行干燥，由于室外温度较低，先融化的冰水如果未及时蒸发极易再次结冰，影响除冰效率，因此亟需一种除冰、干燥同时进行，提高除冰效率的除冰车。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，以解决上述问题，达到除冰、干燥同时进行，提高除冰效率的效果。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，包括车体，所述车体内部设有蒸汽发生组件，所述蒸汽发生组件连接有蒸汽输送组件，所述车体上方转动连接有运动组件，所述运动组件转动连接有执行组件；
所述执行组件包括第一喷头组件，所述第一喷头组件下方设有第二喷头组件，所述第一喷头组件用于喷射高温空气，所述第二喷头组件用于喷射蒸汽，所述第一喷头组件和所述第二喷头组件分别固定连接有若干喷头；
所述蒸汽输送组件包括并排设置的第一增压器和第二增压器，所述第一增压器和所述第二增压器进气端连通有缓冲罐，所述第一增压器出气端连通有第一出气管的一端，所述第一出气管的另一端通过输气管道与所述第二喷头组件的所述喷头连通，所述第二增压器的进气端连通有鼓风机，所述第二增压器的出气端连通有第二出气管的一端，所述第二出气管的另一端通过输气管道与所述第一喷头组件的所述喷头连通。
优选的，所述运动组件包括与所述车体上部转动连接的转动盘，所述转动盘上方铰接有转动杆，所述转动杆滑动连接有伸缩杆，所述伸缩杆末端与所述执行组件转动连接，所述转动盘和所述转动杆之间铰接有第二液压缸的两端。
优选的，所述转动杆靠近所述伸缩杆一端通过螺栓固定连接有位移传感器，所述转动盘啮合连接有角度传感器。
优选的，所述执行组件还包括除冰板，所述除冰板远离所述伸缩杆一侧与所述喷头固定连接，所述除冰板与所述伸缩杆之间铰接有第一液压缸的两端。
优选的，若干所述喷头呈矩阵型等间隔排列。
优选的，所述蒸汽发生组件包括第一水箱，所述第一水箱下端连通有水泵进水端，所述水泵出水端连通有第二水箱的上部，所述第二水箱下部设有加热部和除垢部。
优选的，所述加热部包括若干与所述第二水箱连通的蒸发管，所述蒸发管为U型结构，所述蒸发管远离所述第二水箱一侧套接有套管，所述套管外侧套接有螺线管，若干所述蒸发管出口端连通有合流管，所述合流管与所述缓冲罐连通。
优选的，所述除垢部包括超声波发生器，所述超声波发生器固定连接有若干振动管，所述振动管为T型结构，所述振动管套接在所述蒸发管底部。
优选的，所述喷头选用CC扇形喷嘴。
优选的，所述水泵选用自吸型水泵。
本发明具有如下技术效果：蒸汽发生组件由除冰车内部燃油发电机提供电能，第二喷头组件喷射的蒸汽将飞机表面的结冰层融化成水，第一喷头组件喷射的高 温空气将冰层融化的水加热蒸发，使飞机表面保持干燥，执行组件可沿机身横向或者纵向除冰，蒸汽除冰和加热蒸发水分同时进行，防止融化后的冰水未及时清理出现二次结冰的情况发生；在与第一喷头组件相连的气路中增加了鼓风机，鼓风机用于向该气路中补充空气，通过调节补入空气和蒸汽的含量来获得相对干燥并且温度较高的空气来蒸发飞机表面的水分，第一喷头组件喷射的空气热量来源于蒸汽发生组件，不需要再设置独立的热源，提高了蒸汽发生组件热量的利用率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明结构示意图；
图2为本发明蒸汽发生组件和蒸汽输送组件结构示意图；
图3为本发明执行组件结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例2中喷头结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例2中喷头剖视图；
图6为本发明实施例3结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例4结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例4横移组件结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例4凸轮结构示意图。
其中，1、车体；2、转动盘；3、转动杆；4、伸缩杆；5、第一液压缸；6、除冰板；7、喷头；8、第二液压缸；9、第一水箱；10、水泵；11、第二水箱；12、蒸发管；13、振动管；14、超声波发生器；15、套管；16、螺线管；17、合流管；18、缓冲罐；19、鼓风机；20、第一增压器；21、第一出气管；22、位移传感器；23、角度传感器；24、第二增压器；25、第二出气管；701、第一出气孔；702、第二出气孔；26、第三增压器；27、第三出气管；28、融冰板；29、吸水口；30、第三液压缸；31、第一过滤器；32、第一废水泵；33、第二过滤器；34、废水箱；35、第二废水泵；36、支撑板；37、滑动板；38、凸轮；39、旋转电机；40、滑动柱。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
参照图1-3，本实施例一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，包括车体1，车体1内部设有蒸汽发生组件，蒸汽发生组件连接有蒸汽输送组件，车体1上方转动连接有运动组件，运动组件转动连接有执行组件；
执行组件包括第一喷头组件，第一喷头组件下方设有第二喷头组件，第一喷头组件用于喷射高温空气，第二喷头组件用于喷射蒸汽，第一喷头组件和第二喷头组件分别固定连接有若干喷头7；
蒸汽输送组件包括并排设置的第一增压器20和第二增压器24，第一增压器20和第二增压器24进气端连通有缓冲罐18，第一增压器20出气端连通有第一出气管21的一端，第一出气管21的另一端通过输气管道与第二喷头组件的喷头7连通，第二增压器24的进气端连通有鼓风机19，第二增压器24的出气端连通有第二出气管25的一端，第二出气管25的另一端通过输气管道与第一喷头组件的喷头7连通。蒸汽发生组件由除冰车内部燃油发电机提供电能，第二喷头组件喷射的蒸汽将飞机表面的结冰层融化成水，第一喷头组件喷射的高温空气将冰层融化的水加热蒸发，使飞机表面保持干燥，执行组件可沿机身横向或者纵向除冰，蒸汽除冰和加热蒸发水分同时进行，防止融化后的冰水未及时清理出现二次结冰的情况发生；在与第一喷头组件相连的气路中增加了鼓风机19，鼓风机19用于向该气路中补充空气，通过调节补入空气和蒸汽的含量来获得相对干燥并且温度较高的空气来蒸发飞机表面的水分，第一喷头组件喷射的空气热量来源于蒸汽发生组件，不需要再设置独立的热源，提高了蒸汽发生组件热量的利用率。
进一步优化方案，运动组件包括与车体1上部转动连接的转动盘2，转动盘2上方铰接有转动杆3，转动杆3滑动连接有伸缩杆4，伸缩杆4末端与执行组 件转动连接，转动盘2和转动杆3之间铰接有第二液压缸8的两端。转动盘2可以带动执行组件转动，第二液压缸8的伸长和缩短用来调节转动杆3与转动盘2的夹角，伸缩杆4可以在转动杆3内部滑动，用来适应飞机机身的高度。
进一步优化方案，转动杆3靠近伸缩杆4一端通过螺栓固定连接有位移传感器22，转动盘2啮合连接有角度传感器23。本发明在进行机身横向除冰作业时，车身与机身保持平行，转动盘2在转动的同时，伸缩杆4沿转动杆3伸长或者缩短，以次保证执行组件和机身的距离大体保持不变，位移传感器22用来获得执行组件与转动杆3末端的距离，角度传感器23用来获得转动盘2的转角，距离和转角为一一对应的关系，既保证了除冰的效果，又防止了执行组件和机身碰触。
进一步优化方案，执行组件还包括除冰板6，除冰板6远离伸缩杆4一侧与喷头7固定连接，除冰板6与伸缩杆4之间铰接有第一液压缸5的两端。喷头7采用嵌入式的方法安装在除冰板6中，用于除冰的若干喷头7进气端互相连通，用于干燥的若干喷头7进气端也互相连通，两组具有不同功能的喷头7由除冰板6上的横隔板分隔开，第一液压缸5的伸长和缩短控制除冰板6的转角，除冰板6的角度可调，以此适应圆弧状的机身。
进一步优化方案，若干喷头7呈矩阵型等间隔排列，有利于提高喷射到飞机机身蒸汽和空气的均匀性。
进一步优化方案，蒸汽发生组件包括第一水箱9，第一水箱9下端连通有水泵10进水端，水泵10出水端连通有第二水箱11的上部，第二水箱11下部设有加热部和除垢部。蒸汽发生组件具有双水箱结构，增加了水的容量。
进一步优化方案，加热部包括若干与第二水箱11连通的蒸发管12，蒸发管12为U型结构，蒸发管12远离第二水箱11一侧套接有套管15，套管15外侧套接有螺线管16，若干蒸发管12出口端连通有合流管17，合流管17与缓冲罐18连通。螺线管16用于产生涡流为蒸发管12加热，此种加热方式和传统蒸汽发生组件不同，通电的螺线管16代替了电阻式加热棒，提高了电能的利用效率，相比于传统加热棒更可靠，不易损坏，螺线管16和蒸发管12之间的套管15防止蒸发管12的热量向外部传导，同时隔绝了螺线管16和金属制蒸发管12，避免漏电事故的发生。
进一步优化方案，除垢部包括超声波发生器14，超声波发生器14固定连接 有若干振动管13，振动管13为T型结构，振动管13套接在蒸发管12底部。超声波发生器14用于产生超声波，超声波沿振动管13传递至蒸发管12底部，使水垢无法在蒸发管12中附着，防止水垢堵塞蒸发管12影响传热效率。
进一步优化方案，喷头7选用CC扇形喷嘴。
进一步优化方案，水泵10选用自吸型水泵。
本实施例的工作过程：启动除冰车内的燃油发电机产生电能，电流通过变压处理产生单相频率可调的交流电，螺线管16周围产生感应交变电磁场，使处于交变电磁场中的蒸发管12内产生感应电流，感应电流也称涡流，最后利用涡流效应对蒸发管12进行加热，将蒸发管12内的水转化为蒸汽，若干蒸发管12产生的蒸汽汇聚于缓冲罐18中，缓冲罐18中的蒸汽分为两路流出，一路连通第二喷头组件中的喷头7，产生的蒸汽用于除冰，另一路由鼓风机19提供空气，并与第一喷头组件中的喷头7连通，空气与蒸汽混合，降低了蒸汽的湿度，从而获得相对干燥的高温空气用于蒸发掉冰融化成的水，防止融水二次结冰；除冰作业时，伸缩杆4伸长，达到飞机除冰位置的高度，调节除冰板6的角度，使除冰板6正对机身，第一喷头组件和第二喷头组件同时喷气，除冰和干燥作业同时进行，提高了除冰效率；在进行机身横向除冰作业时，车身与机身保持平行，转动盘2在转动的同时，伸缩杆4沿转动杆3伸长或者缩短，以此保证执行组件和机身的距离大体保持不变，位移传感器22用来获得执行组件与转动杆3末端的距离，角度传感器23用来获得转动盘2的转角，距离和转角为一一对应的关系，既保证了除冰的效果，又防止了除冰板6和机身碰触。
实施例2
参照图4-5，本实施例与实施例1的区别仅在于，喷头7出口端中心开设有第一出气孔701，喷头7出口端边部开设有若干第二出气孔702，若干第二出气孔702沿喷头7轴线等间隔设置，若干第二出气孔702与第一出气孔701向连通，喷头7出口端中心为圆形凹面。本实施例的喷头7具有多个出气孔，位于喷头7中央第一出气孔701为主出气孔，若干第二出气孔702为辅助出气孔，由第一出气孔701喷射出的蒸汽或者空气与喷头7前端面垂直，其流量和冲击力较大，起到主要的除冰和干燥作用，由若干第二出气孔702喷射出的蒸汽或者空气与喷头7的轴线具有一定夹角，起到辅助除冰和干燥作用，本实施例的喷头7喷射出的 蒸汽或者空气呈伞状结构，增加了有效除冰面积，除冰效果更好。
实施例3
参照图6，本实施例与实施例2的区别仅在于，缓冲罐18连通有第三增压器26进气端，第三增压器26出气端通过第三出气管27连通有融冰板28，融冰板28位于车体1中部下方，融冰板28包括若干喷头7；
车体1尾部下方设有吸水口29，吸水口29上方固定连接有第三液压缸30的活动端，第三液压缸30的固定端与车体1尾部下方固定连接，吸水口29上方通过输水管道连通有第一过滤器31，第一过滤器31上方通过输水管道连通有第一废水泵32，第一废水泵32上方通过输水管道连通有第二过滤器33，第二过滤器33通过倒L型输水管道连通有废水箱34，废水箱34上方通过输水管道连通有第二废水泵35，第二废水泵35通过输水管道与第一水箱9上部连通。融冰板28用于除去机场跑道的积雪和冰层，积雪和冰层在喷头7喷出的蒸汽中融化成水，第三液压缸30控制吸水口29的上升和下降，吸水口29下降至和地面贴合时，在第一废水泵32的作用下降地面的积水进行收集，积水经由第一过滤器31和第二过滤器33的过滤作用流进水箱，第一过滤器31和第二过滤器33中设有滤纸、活性炭等具有吸附过滤作用的物质，除去了水中的大颗粒杂质，积水经由第二废水泵35抽到第一水箱9中，使积水能够被重新利用。
实施例4
参照图7-9，本实施例与实施例3的区别仅在于，车体1底部后侧固定连接有横移组件，横移组件包括对称设置的支撑板36，支撑板36为立方体型结构，支撑板36与车体1固定连接，支撑板36远离车体1一端开设有滑槽，滑槽内滑动连接有滑动板37，滑动板37一端固定连接有吸水口29，滑动板37靠近车体1一侧转动连接有两个滑动柱40，滑动柱40轴线与滑动板37垂直，两个支撑板36之间设置有旋转电机39，旋转电机39与车体1底部固定连接，旋转电机39轴端轴接有凸轮38，凸轮38侧面与滑动柱40相接触，滑动柱40包括三个凸出端，三个凸出端沿凸轮38轴线等间隔排列。
旋转电机39带动凸轮38旋转，凸轮38侧面始终与滑动柱40相接触，在凸轮38转动过程中，凸轮38通过滑动柱40带动滑动板37做往复运动，滑动板37带动吸水口29运动，吸水口29与飞机跑道底面接触，由于吸水口29不断的 作往复运动，间接的扩大了吸水面积，吸水效率得到提高。
第一增压器20、第二增压器24、第三增压器26、转动盘2、位移传感器22、角度传感器23、伸缩杆4、螺线管16、超声波发生器14电性连接有控制器，控制器包括但不限于PLC控制器，单片机等。其连接方式为本领域公知常识。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：包括车体(1)，所述车体(1)内部设有蒸汽发生组件，所述蒸汽发生组件连接有蒸汽输送组件，所述车体(1)上方转动连接有运动组件，所述运动组件转动连接有执行组件；
    所述执行组件包括第一喷头组件，所述第一喷头组件并排设有第二喷头组件，所述第一喷头组件用于喷射高温空气，所述第二喷头组件用于喷射蒸汽，所述第一喷头组件和所述第二喷头组件分别固定连接有若干喷头(7)；
    所述蒸汽输送组件包括并排设置的第一增压器(20)和第二增压器(24)，所述第一增压器(20)和所述第二增压器(24)进气端连通有缓冲罐(18)，所述第一增压器(20)出气端连通有第一出气管(21)的一端，所述第一出气管(21)的另一端通过输气管道与所述第二喷头组件的所述喷头(7)连通，所述第二增压器(24)的进气端连通有鼓风机(19)，所述第二增压器(24)的出气端连通有第二出气管(25)的一端，所述第二出气管(25)的另一端通过输气管道与所述第一喷头组件的所述喷头(7)连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：所述运动组件包括与所述车体(1)上部转动连接的转动盘(2)，所述转动盘(2)上方铰接有转动杆(3)，所述转动杆(3)滑动连接有伸缩杆(4)，所述伸缩杆(4)末端与所述执行组件转动连接，所述转动盘(2)和所述转动杆(3)之间铰接有第二液压缸(8)的两端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：所述转动杆(3)靠近所述伸缩杆(4)一端通过螺栓固定连接有位移传感器(22)，所述转动盘(2)啮合连接有角度传感器(23)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：所述执行组件还包括除冰板(6)，所述除冰板(6)远离所述伸缩杆(4)一侧与所述喷头(7)固定连接，所述除冰板(6)与所述伸缩杆(4)之间铰接有第一液压缸(5)的两端。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：若干所述喷头(7)呈矩阵型等间隔排列。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：所述蒸汽发生组件包括第一水箱(9)，所述第一水箱(9)下端连通有水泵(10) 进水端，所述水泵(10)出水端连通有第二水箱(11)的上部，所述第二水箱(11)下部设有加热部和除垢部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：所述加热部包括若干与所述第二水箱(11)连通的蒸发管(12)，所述蒸发管(12)为U型结构，所述蒸发管(12)远离所述第二水箱(11)一侧套接有套管(15)，所述套管(15)外侧套接有螺线管(16)，若干所述蒸发管(12)出口端连通有合流管(17)，所述合流管(17)与所述缓冲罐(18)连通。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：所述除垢部包括超声波发生器(14)，所述超声波发生器(14)固定连接有若干振动管(13)，所述振动管(13)为T型结构，所述振动管(13)套接在所述蒸发管(12)底部。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：所述喷头(7)选用CC扇形喷嘴。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车，其特征在于：所述水泵(10)选用自吸型水泵。
PCT/CN2021/132687 2021-10-11 2021-11-24 一种新型蒸汽射流多功能飞机除冰车 WO2023060712A1 (zh)

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