WO2023060497A1 - 环栅器件制备的测试方法与系统 - Google Patents

环栅器件制备的测试方法与系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023060497A1
WO2023060497A1 PCT/CN2021/123725 CN2021123725W WO2023060497A1 WO 2023060497 A1 WO2023060497 A1 WO 2023060497A1 CN 2021123725 W CN2021123725 W CN 2021123725W WO 2023060497 A1 WO2023060497 A1 WO 2023060497A1
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Prior art keywords
stress
raman
test
channel
information
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PCT/CN2021/123725
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐敏
张卫
黄自强
王晨
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上海集成电路制造创新中心有限公司
复旦大学
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/123725 priority Critical patent/WO2023060497A1/zh
Publication of WO2023060497A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023060497A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L22/00Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/544Marks applied to semiconductor devices or parts, e.g. registration marks, alignment structures, wafer maps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/78Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of semiconductor device preparation, in particular to a test method and system for the preparation of a gate-all-round device.
  • a transistor can be understood as a current switch structure made of semiconductor materials.
  • a gate metal
  • the gate may be used to control the on-off of current between the source and the drain.
  • One of these transistors is the GAA transistor.
  • the full name of GAA is Gate-All-Around, which is a surrounding gate technology.
  • GAA transistors can also be called GAAFETs, gate-all-around devices, etc.
  • XRD i.e. X-ray diffraction, which can be understood as X-ray diffractometer technology
  • TEM i.e. Transmission Electron Microscope, which can be understood as a transmission electron microscope
  • XRD has a large spot area, which is suitable for a wide range of measurements.
  • the feature size of the gate-all-around device (GAA) is much smaller than the XRD spot, so it is difficult for XRD to measure accurately.
  • the TEM is prone to damage the test object. It can be seen that in the prior art, it is impossible to accurately test and characterize the stress in the gate-all-around device (eg, channel stress) without damage.
  • the invention provides a test method and system for the preparation of a gate-all-around device to solve the problem that the stress (such as channel stress) in the gate-all-around device cannot be accurately tested and characterized without damage.
  • a method for testing the preparation of a gate-all-around device including at least one of the following:
  • the initial strain of at least some positions in the epitaxial layer and the substrate is tested by using the test light of the Raman testing device to obtain initial strain information;
  • the epitaxial layer includes stacked sacrificial material layer and channel material layer;
  • the stress and/or stress changes at at least some positions in the fins are tested by using a Raman testing device to incident the test light, to obtain the first Stress information;
  • the fin includes a sacrificial layer, and a nanowire-shaped channel layer;
  • the Raman testing device is used testing the incident light and testing the stress and/or stress change of the remaining fins to obtain the second stress information
  • the stress and/or stress change of the channel is tested by using the Raman testing device to test the stress and/or stress change of the channel to obtain the third stress information;
  • the stress and/or stress change of the channel is measured by incident light of a Raman testing device to obtain fourth stress information.
  • the initial strain of at least some positions in the epitaxial layer and the substrate is measured by using the test light incident on the Raman test device to obtain initial strain information, including:
  • test lights of different wavelengths of the Raman testing device to respectively incident the structure formed after growing the epitaxial layer, and using the Raman testing device to collect a corresponding set of initial Raman spectra, wherein, If different wavelengths of test light are used, the penetration depths of different wavelengths of test light are different;
  • the initial strain information is determined.
  • the first stress information is obtained by using the Raman testing device to incident the test light and test the stress and/or stress change of at least some positions in the fin, including:
  • one or more test lights of different wavelengths are incident on at least some positions of the fins by using the Raman testing device, and a corresponding set of the first group is collected by using the Raman testing device a Raman spectrum, wherein, if the test lights of different wavelengths are used, the penetration depths of the test lights of different wavelengths are different;
  • the first stress information is determined.
  • determining the first stress information includes:
  • the stress change at the corresponding position in the fin is calculated to obtain part or all of the first stress information.
  • using the test light incident of the Raman test device and testing the stress and/or stress change of the channel to obtain the second stress information includes: using one or more different wavelengths of the Raman test device The test light is incident on at least some positions of the remaining fins, and a set of corresponding second Raman spectra is collected by using the Raman test device; based on the second Raman spectra, the second stress information is determined;
  • the incident light of the test light of the Raman test device and testing the stress and/or stress change of the channel to obtain the third stress information including: using the test light incident of one or more different wavelengths of the Raman test device to the position of the channel, and using the Raman test device to collect a corresponding set of third Raman spectra; based on the third Raman spectra, determine the third stress information;
  • the incident light of the test light of the Raman test device and testing the stress and/or stress change of the channel to obtain the fourth stress information including: using the test light incident of one or more different wavelengths of the Raman test device To the channel, and using the Raman test device to collect a corresponding set of fourth Raman spectra; based on the fourth Raman spectra, determine the fourth stress information;
  • test lights with different wavelengths are used, the penetration depths of the test lights with different wavelengths are different.
  • test method also includes:
  • the influence of the corresponding process steps on the channel stress is analyzed.
  • test method also includes:
  • the channel material layer is a silicon material layer
  • the sacrificial material layer is a silicon germanium material layer
  • the channel layer is a silicon layer
  • the sacrificial layer is a silicon germanium layer
  • the substrate is a silicon substrate.
  • a test system for the preparation of a gate-all-around device including: a Raman testing device and a data processing device; the data processing device is independent of the Raman testing device, and is connected with the Raman testing device The Raman test device is connected, or: the data processing device is integrated in the Raman test device;
  • the Raman testing device is used to implement at least one of the following:
  • the epitaxial layer After the epitaxial layer is grown on the substrate, one or more test lights of different wavelengths are used to incident the structure formed after the epitaxial layer is grown, and a corresponding set of initial Raman spectra are collected; the epitaxial layer includes stacked sacrificial material layer and channel material layer;
  • the fins After patterning the substrate and the epitaxial layer to form fins, one or more test lights of different wavelengths are incident on at least part of the positions of the fins, and a corresponding set of first Raman spectroscopy;
  • the fins include a sacrificial layer, and a nanowire-shaped channel layer;
  • the Raman testing device is used testing light incident on at least part of the positions of the remaining fins, and collecting a corresponding set of second Raman spectra using the Raman testing device;
  • test lights of different wavelengths are incident on the position of the channel, and a corresponding set of first Three Raman spectra;
  • one or more test lights of different wavelengths are incident on the channel, and a corresponding set of fourth Raman spectra is collected;
  • the data processing device is used for:
  • the Raman testing device collects the initial Raman spectrum, then: determine initial strain information based on the initial Raman spectrum, and the initial strain information matches at least part of the epitaxial layer and the substrate The initial strain of the position, get the initial strain information;
  • the Raman testing device collects the first Raman spectrum, then: based on the first Raman spectrum, determine first stress information, the first stress information matches at least part of the position in the fin stresses and/or stress changes;
  • the Raman testing device collects the second Raman spectrum, then: based on the second Raman spectrum, determine second stress information, and the second stress information matches at least part of the remaining fins at the corresponding time Stress and/or stress change at location;
  • the Raman testing device collects the third Raman spectrum, then: based on the third Raman spectrum, determine third stress information, and the third stress information matches the stress of the channel at a corresponding moment and/or stress changes;
  • the Raman testing device collects the fourth Raman spectrum, then: based on the fourth Raman spectrum, determine fourth stress information, the fourth stress information matches the stress of the channel at a corresponding moment and/or stress changes.
  • the Raman testing device is also used for:
  • the data processing device is also used for:
  • the data processing device is also used for:
  • the influence of corresponding process steps on channel stress is analyzed.
  • the data processing device is also used for:
  • the Raman testing device is introduced into at least one link in the preparation process of a gate-all-around device, and then, after growing an epitaxial layer and forming a fin, source-drain epitaxy ( And the dummy gate is removed), after the sacrificial layer is released, after HKMG wraps the channel, etc. at least one time point (or not limited to the time point exemplified here) to test the stress at the corresponding position of the channel.
  • the test results can reflect the change of the stress at the corresponding position of the channel with the manufacturing process.
  • the spot area of the test light of the Raman test device is small (for example, much smaller than XRD, which can reach 200nm), and then, the structural stress (and its change) of a smaller size can be characterized in the test, and at the same time, the process No damage will be done to the sample surface. It can be seen that the present invention can accurately test and characterize the stress at the corresponding position of the channel under the corresponding process link without damage, and provide accurate and sufficient basis for further analysis and improvement of the manufacturing process.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart 1 of a test method for preparing a gate-all-around device in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the structure after growing the epitaxial layer
  • Figure 2b is a schematic structural view of fins formed
  • Fig. 2c is a schematic diagram of the structure after making the dummy gate
  • Figure 2d is a schematic diagram of the structure after etching the drain region of the source region
  • Fig. 2e is a schematic structural diagram after epitaxial source region material layer and drain region material layer;
  • Fig. 2f and Fig. 2g are structural schematic diagrams after removing the dummy gate
  • Figure 2h is a schematic diagram of the structure after releasing the sacrificial layer
  • FIG. 2i and FIG. 2j are structural schematic diagrams after depositing a gate dielectric layer and a metal gate
  • Fig. 3 is the Raman spectrum measured under the 532nm laser in step S201 in an example of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is the Raman spectrum measured under the 405nm laser in step S201 in an example of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is the Raman spectrum measured under the 325nm laser in step S201 in an example of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is the Raman spectrum measured under the 532nm laser in step S202 in an example of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is the Raman spectrum measured under the 532nm laser in step S202 in an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow diagram II of a test method for manufacturing a gate-all-around device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart III of a test method for manufacturing a gate-all-around device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a first structural schematic diagram of a test system for the preparation of a gate-all-around device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a second structural schematic diagram of a test system for manufacturing a gate-all-around device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • first and second are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • a plurality means a plurality, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • connection and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be a mechanical connection , can also be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • connection and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be a mechanical connection , can also be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • the gate-all-around device involved in the embodiment of the present invention can be understood as having a channel in the shape of a nanowire (or can be understood as a nanotube), and the test method and system for preparing the gate-all-around device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be It is applied to test the preparation process of any gate-all-around device, no matter how the process conditions are designed, it can be used as a solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a Raman test device which can be understood as a test device based on Raman spectroscopy, wherein Raman spectrum, which can be characterized as Raman spectrum, is a kind of scattering spectrum.
  • Raman test device with single-point spectral measurement and surface-scan imaging functions can be selected.
  • the steps of the gate-all-around device manufacturing process can include, for example, steps S101, S102, S103, S104, and S105. In the actual manufacturing process, it is not limited to these steps. some steps.
  • steps S201, S202, S203, S204, and S205 may be implemented. In a specific solution, steps S201, S202, S203, S204, and S205 may be implemented concurrently.
  • the fabrication process of the gate-all-around device may include:
  • S101 growing an epitaxial layer on a substrate
  • the grown structure can be shown, for example, in FIG. 2a, wherein the substrate 32 can be a silicon substrate, on which a layered channel material layer 311 and a sacrificial material layer 312 can be grown to form an epitaxial layer 31, which is schematically shown in the figure Two layers of channel material layers 311 and two layers of sacrificial material layers 312.
  • the channel material layer 311 can be a silicon material layer
  • the sacrificial material layer can be a silicon germanium material layer.
  • silicon oxide, polycrystalline silicon can also be used. etc.
  • the number, thickness, length, width, and material of the channel material layer and the sacrificial material layer can be changed arbitrarily, and the growth process parameters and process equipment can also be changed arbitrarily.
  • test method for the preparation of the gate-all-around device may include:
  • step S201 use the Raman testing device to incident the test light and measure the initial strain of at least some positions in the epitaxial layer and the substrate to obtain initial strain information.
  • the epitaxial layer and at least part of the substrate mentioned therein can be part or all of the sacrificial material layer, part or all of the channel material layer, and the substrate, for example: it can be part of the silicon material layer, silicon germanium material layer.
  • step S201 may specifically include:
  • the initial strain information is determined.
  • test light of different wavelengths can be understood as: if the test light of different wavelengths is used, the penetration depth of the test light of different wavelengths is different, that is, the different wavelengths here need to meet the requirements of different penetration depths. Requirements; Specifically, due to the different penetration depths, the test light can be incident on different structural layers (the structural layers can be, for example: the silicon germanium material layer as the sacrificial material layer 312, the substrate 32, the silicon germanium material layer as the channel material layer 311 silicon material layer, silicon germanium layer as the sacrificial layer 331 , silicon layer as the channel layer 332 , silicon for the channel 37 , substrate 35 under the fin 33 , etc.).
  • the structural layers can be, for example: the silicon germanium material layer as the sacrificial material layer 312, the substrate 32, the silicon germanium material layer as the channel material layer 311 silicon material layer, silicon germanium layer as the sacrificial layer 331 , silicon layer as the channel layer 332 , silicon for the channel 37
  • the choice of wavelength can be selected mainly according to its penetration depth. Since the structural layers (such as channel material layer, channel layer, channel, and sacrificial material layer, sacrificial layer, etc.) are stacked in multiple layers, the long wavelength The light source is mainly used for the measurement of the stress of the lower layer, and the short wavelength is mainly used for the measurement of the top layer.
  • step S201 lasers with wavelengths of 532nm (penetration depth, for example, about 1 ⁇ m), 405nm (penetration depth, for example, about 100nm) and 325nm (penetration depth, for example, about 10nm) can be used as the Raman The light source for the test (i.e. the Raman test).
  • the selection of the wavelength in other steps may also use this selection, or may not use this selection.
  • the initial strain (also can be understood as the initial strain state) can be understood as: the strain state of the wafer wafer (such as the structure shown in FIG. 2 ) without any micro-nano processing.
  • the strain state can be mainly defined by the lattice constant, and the lattice constant of Si is The lattice constant of Ge is
  • the wafer wafer (such as the structure shown in FIG. 2 ) may have a stacked structure such as Si/Si0.7Ge0.3/Si. and then:
  • the obtained strain state of the Si0.7Ge0.3 layer may be -1.3%, for example, which is in good agreement with the theoretical data.
  • the top layer Si i.e. the silicon material layer 311 of the top layer
  • the crystal lattice of this layer of Si0.7Ge0.3 has been compressed to be consistent with the substrate Si, so the top layer Si
  • the top layer Si There is no lattice mismatch with Si0.7Ge0.3, so there is no strain. In specific test results, there may not be any strain in the top Si layer.
  • the Raman spectrum (ie Raman spectrum) measured at a laser wavelength of 532nm is mainly used to analyze the strain of the Si1-xGex layer. It shows the curve of Raw data (that is, the original data), the curve of Cumulative Fit Peak (that is, the cumulative fitting peak), the curve of Fit Peak1 (that is, the fitting peak 1), and the curve of Fit Peak2 (that is, the fitting peak 2) , in FIG. 3 , some curve segments of some curves are shown to overlap, and further, the whole curve may not be fully and clearly reflected.
  • the Raman spectrum of the wafer wafer (such as the structure shown in Figure 2) is fitted by Lorentz, it includes two peaks, one is the Si-Si peak from the substrate, which has a large intensity, and the other is the Si peak from Si1-xGex -Si peak, less intense.
  • the difference in position between the two peaks contains the Ge composition and strain information of the Si1-xGex layer.
  • the spectrum measured at a laser wavelength of 325nm is mainly used to analyze the strain of the top Si. It shows the curve of Raw data (that is, the original data) and the curve of Fit Peak (that is, the fitted peak value).
  • the fabrication process of the gate-all-around device may include:
  • S102 Pattern the substrate and the epitaxial layer to form fins.
  • the patterning process may include, for example, etching the substrate 32 and the epitaxial layer 31 shown in FIG. Eclipse (ie etch).
  • the fin 33 may include a stacked sacrificial layer 331 and a nanowire-shaped channel layer 332 .
  • the channel layer is formed based on the etching of the channel material layer
  • the sacrificial layer is formed based on the etching of the sacrificial material layer.
  • part of the channel layer may also It is formed based on the etching of the substrate.
  • the fin 33 may be located on the base 35 , and the base 35 may be the substrate 32 or may be a part of the substrate 32 .
  • test method for the preparation of the gate-all-around device may include:
  • step S202 use the Raman testing device to incident the test light and test the stress and/or stress change of at least some positions in the fin to obtain the first stress information.
  • the first stress information may be any information that matches (or can be understood as capable of representing) the corresponding stress and/or stress change.
  • At least part of the positions mentioned in the fin may be part or all of the sacrificial layer, part or all of the channel layer, and the substrate, for example, part of the silicon layer or the silicon germanium layer.
  • step S102 may include:
  • one or more test lights of different wavelengths are incident on at least some positions of the fins by using the Raman testing device, and a corresponding set of the first group is collected by using the Raman testing device a Raman spectrum, wherein, if the test lights of different wavelengths are used, the penetration depths of the test lights of different wavelengths are different;
  • the first stress information is determined.
  • the target position information can be understood as any information that can describe at least one position of fins, nanowires, channel layers (or channels), etc. Based on the target position information, the incident position of the Raman test device can be controlled , direction, etc.
  • the target position information can be used only in step S202, and can also be applied to the positioning of the channel in the subsequent steps S203, S204, and S205. Furthermore, in these steps, it is not necessary to reposition the channel. In some solutions, In the subsequent steps S203, S204, and S205, similar methods can be used to reposition the channel, and then based on the relocated target position information, the incident position and direction of the test light can be controlled.
  • the position of the fin is located in the target image, and the process of obtaining the target position information can be calculated by the data processing device 42 shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, for example, and the Raman test device 41 can also be Under its control the location of incidence is determined.
  • the scheme of manual calculation and control or calculation and control by other devices is not excluded.
  • the stress in the channel that can be measured based on step S202 is release residual stress.
  • the process of determining the first stress information may be, for example: based on the first Raman spectrum, determine the first deformation information of the corresponding position (such as silicon layer, silicon germanium layer) in the fin; The deformation information and the initial deformation information are used to calculate stress changes at corresponding positions in the fin to obtain part or all of the first stress information.
  • FIG. 6 is the Raman spectrum of Nanowire measured at a laser wavelength of 532nm, which shows the curve of the cumulative fitting peak (ie cumulative fitting peak) and the curve of the original data (ie Raw Data) ;
  • the spectrum After the spectrum is fitted by Lorentz, it includes two peaks, one is the Si-Si peak from the substrate, and the other is the Si-Si peak from the Si1-xGex layer of Nanowire. According to the formula given above, the Nanowire’s
  • the strain in the Si1-xGex layer is -1.06%. Compared with the strain exemplified above, the remaining stress accounts for 81.5% of the initial stress, and the stress is released by 18.5%. It can be part or all of the first stress information.
  • Figure 7 shows the Raman spectrum of Nanowire measured at a laser wavelength of 405nm. After the spectrum is fitted by Lorentz, it includes three peaks, one is from the Si-Si peak of the substrate, and the other is from the Si1-Si peak. The Si-Si peak of xGex Nanowire, one is the Si-Si peak from Si Nanowire.
  • the strain in Si Nanowire is 0.41%.
  • Si has no strain in the wafer, and becomes 0.41% tensile strain after the pattern becomes Nanowire. This part of the strain is released by the SiGe stress of the lower layer, and the lattice expands, thus giving the upper layer Si brought.
  • step S202 Raman surface scanning imaging and single-point spectral measurement on the fin (or can be understood as nanowire, channel layer, sacrificial layer) can be combined to explore the remaining situation of stress in it.
  • Stress situations at different dimensions can be realized.
  • step S102 it may include:
  • S103 Etching a source region and a drain region on the fin, epitaxially extending the material layer of the source region and the material layer of the drain region on the source region and the drain region, and removing the dummy gate outside the fin after the epitaxy;
  • the material layer of the source region and the material layer of the drain region may be silicon germanium, and the process of step S103 is the process of epitaxial silicon germanium source and drain;
  • Fig. 2c to Fig. 2f before step S103, may also include:
  • step S103 the source and drain regions can be etched on the fins 33 on both sides of the dummy gate 34 to form a structure as shown in FIG. 2d;
  • step S103 the material layer of the source region and the material layer of the drain region (namely, the material layer 36) can be epitaxially formed on the source and drain regions on both sides of the dummy gate 34, for example, the material layer of the source region and the material layer of the drain region can be epitaxially formed
  • the material layer of the source region and the material layer of the drain region can be epitaxially formed The structure shown in Figure 2e;
  • the dummy gate 34 can be removed to form the structures shown in FIG. 2f and FIG. 2g;
  • the channel layer can be used as a channel 37, which can be a silicon channel. If the sacrificial layer is a silicon germanium layer, the sacrificial layer can be released by removing the silicon germanium.
  • test method for the preparation of the gate-all-around device may include:
  • step S203 use the test light of the Raman test device to incident and test the stress and/or stress change of the remaining fins to obtain the second stress information
  • step S204 is implemented: using a Raman testing device to incident the test light and test the stress and/or stress change of the channel to obtain third stress information.
  • the second stress information and the third stress information may be any information that matches (or can be understood as capable of representing) the corresponding stress and/or stress change.
  • step S203 may include: using the Raman test device to inject one or more test lights of different wavelengths into at least some positions of the remaining fins (such as the remaining channel layer and the remaining sacrificial layer), and Using the Raman test device to collect a corresponding set of second Raman spectra; based on the second Raman spectra, determine the second stress information.
  • Step S204 may include: using the Raman test device to inject one or more test lights of different wavelengths into the channel, and using the Raman test device to collect a corresponding set of third Raman spectra; based on The third Raman spectrum determines the third stress information.
  • the specific process of the test can be understood by referring to part or all of the process in step S202, for example, the corresponding second Raman spectrum can also be obtained through the measurement of the single-point spectrum.
  • step S104 it may include:
  • the deposited gate dielectric layer 38 (such as HfO2) and metal gate 39 (such as TiN) can be understood as HKMG, that is, High-K Metal Gate.
  • the deposition process conditions (such as thickness, material, deposition method, deposition time, etc.) can be changed arbitrarily according to requirements.
  • the gate dielectric layer and the metal gate can be wrapped around the trench 37 by depositing it.
  • the process of depositing HKMG can be realized by ALD (ie, atomic layer deposition), for example.
  • test method for the preparation of the gate-all-around device may include:
  • step S204 is implemented: using the Raman testing device to incident the test light and test the stress and/or stress change of the channel to obtain fourth stress information.
  • step S204 may specifically include: using one or more test lights of different wavelengths of the Raman test device to enter the groove The position of the track, and using the Raman test device to collect a corresponding set of fourth Raman spectra; based on the fourth Raman spectra, determine the fourth stress information;
  • step S202 The specific process of the test can be understood by referring to part or all of the process in step S202, for example, the corresponding fourth Raman spectrum can also be obtained through the measurement of the single-point spectrum.
  • the process of determining the corresponding stress information or initial strain information It can be realized by using the data processing device 42 shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 .
  • the Raman testing device is introduced into each link of the gate-all-around device manufacturing process, and then, after the growth of the epitaxial layer, the formation of fins, the release of the sacrificial layer, the gate dielectric layer and the metal gate After wrapping the channel, after the epitaxial source and drain, and other time points (or not limited to the time points exemplified here), the stress at the corresponding position of the channel is tested. link changes.
  • the present invention can accurately test and characterize the stress at the corresponding position of the channel under each process link without damage, and provide accurate and sufficient basis for further analysis and improvement of the manufacturing process.
  • the corresponding position of the channel referred to may refer to a channel material layer, a sacrificial material layer, a substrate, a channel layer, a sacrificial layer, a substrate, a base, and the like.
  • the test method in the embodiment of the present invention may further analyze and process the application test information.
  • test method also includes:
  • the determined stress information may refer to at least one of the first stress information, the second stress information, the third stress information, and the fourth stress information
  • the stress influence of each process link can be analyzed, and in some schemes, the stress influence of only some process links can be analyzed.
  • step S207 may specifically include at least one of the following:
  • the first process link includes: A process step of patterning the substrate and the epitaxial layer (ie step S102);
  • the second process link includes: a process link of epitaxial source and drain (ie step S103);
  • the third process link includes: a process of releasing the sacrificial layer in the fin link (ie step S104);
  • the fourth process link includes: a gate dielectric layer and a metal gate
  • the process step of wrapping the trench ie step S105).
  • the described test method also includes:
  • the different stress information may refer to any one of the following: different first stress information, different second stress information, different third stress information, and different fourth stress information;
  • S209 Compare the different stress information, and analyze the influence of different process conditions on the stress at the corresponding position of the channel.
  • the process conditions may refer to any process conditions associated with the process link. Furthermore, it is easy to analyze the influence of changes in various process conditions on stress, thereby providing a basis for a reasonable selection of process conditions.
  • the above-mentioned process conditions may include at least one of the following, for example:
  • the influence of various process conditions on the stress in the patterned etching process can be determined, so as to find the most suitable process conditions.
  • the residual stress of nanowires of different sizes e.g. different lengths and widths
  • the above-mentioned process conditions may include at least one of the following, for example: dry or wet etching for release; etching process parameters, and the like.
  • the process conditions mentioned above can be, for example: growth conditions (such as temperature, pressure, gas source flow rate, etc.) of the film (ie, the gate dielectric layer, metal gate), the material of the film, etc.;
  • the process conditions mentioned above may be, for example, the growth conditions of the source/drain, the shape of the source/drain, the doping concentration, the size and material of the deposited metal, and the like.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a testing system for the preparation of a gate-all-around device, including: a Raman testing device 41 and a data processing device 42; the data processing device 42 is independent of the Raman
  • the test device 41 is connected to the Raman test device 41, or: the data processing device 42 is integrated in the Raman test device 41;
  • the Raman testing device 41 is used to implement at least one of:
  • the epitaxial layer After the epitaxial layer is grown on the substrate, one or more test lights of different wavelengths are used to incident the structure formed after the epitaxial layer is grown, and a corresponding set of initial Raman spectra are collected; the epitaxial layer includes stacked sacrificial material layer and channel material layer;
  • the fins After patterning the substrate and the epitaxial layer to form fins, one or more test lights of different wavelengths are incident on at least part of the positions of the fins, and a corresponding set of first Raman spectroscopy;
  • the fins include a sacrificial layer, and a nanowire-shaped channel layer;
  • the source region and the drain region are respectively epitaxially extended to the source region material layer and the drain region material layer, and the dummy gate outside the fin is removed, a Raman test device is used The test light is incident on at least some positions of the remaining fins, and a set of corresponding second Raman spectra is collected by using the Raman test device;
  • test lights of different wavelengths are incident on the position of the channel, and a corresponding set of first Three Raman spectra;
  • one or more test lights of different wavelengths are incident on the channel, and a corresponding set of fourth Raman spectra is collected;
  • the data processing device 42 is used for:
  • the Raman testing device collects the initial Raman spectrum, then: determine initial strain information based on the initial Raman spectrum, and the initial strain information matches at least part of the epitaxial layer and the substrate The initial strain of the position, get the initial strain information;
  • the Raman testing device collects the first Raman spectrum, then: based on the first Raman spectrum, determine first stress information, the first stress information matches at least part of the position in the fin stresses and/or stress changes;
  • the Raman testing device collects the second Raman spectrum, then: based on the second Raman spectrum, determine second stress information, and the second stress information matches at least part of the remaining fins at the corresponding time Stress and/or stress change at location;
  • the Raman testing device collects the third Raman spectrum, then: based on the third Raman spectrum, determine third stress information, and the third stress information matches the stress of the channel at a corresponding moment and/or stress changes;
  • the Raman testing device collects the fourth Raman spectrum, then: based on the fourth Raman spectrum, determine fourth stress information, the fourth stress information matches the stress of the channel at a corresponding moment and/or stress changes.
  • the Raman testing device is also used for:
  • the data processing device is also used for:
  • the incident position of the Raman test device can be controlled based on the target position information.
  • the data processing device 42 is also used for:
  • the influence of the corresponding process steps on the channel stress is analyzed.
  • the data processing device 42 is also used for:
  • the different stress information refers to any one of the following: different first stress information, different second stress information, and different third stress information , different fourth stress information;
  • each step of the test method mentioned above can also be realized under the control and processing of the data processing device 42 (cooperated with the Raman test device), that is: the data processing device 42 is used to implement the above The test methods involved.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种环栅器件制备的测试方法与系统,其中,将拉曼测试装置引入到环栅器件制备的工艺环节,进而,能够在生长外延层后、刻蚀鳍片后、源漏外延(且伪栅极被去除)、释放牺牲层后、HKMG包裹沟道后、后等至少之一时间点对沟道对应位置的应力进行测试,在此基础上,测试结果可反应出沟道对应位置应力随制备工艺环节的变化。其中,由于拉曼测试装置的测试光的光斑面积较小,进而,可在测试中表征出较小尺寸的结构应力,同时,该过程中,也不会对样品表面产生损伤。可见,本发明能够在无损的情况下准确对各工艺环节下沟道对应位置的应力进行测试与表征,为制备工艺的进一步分析与改进提供准确、充分的依据。

Description

环栅器件制备的测试方法与系统 技术领域
本发明涉及半导体器件的制备领域,尤其涉及一种环栅器件制备的测试方法与系统。
背景技术
晶体管,可理解为用半导体材料制作的电流开关结构。例如:源极(半导体)与漏极(半导体)之间,可设有栅极(金属),进而,可利用栅极来控制电流在源极与漏极之间的通断。其中一种晶体管为GAA晶体管。GAA全称为Gate-All-Around,是一种环绕式栅极技术,GAA晶体管也可叫做GAAFET、环栅器件等。
现有相关技术中,在制备半导体器件的过程中,可采用XRD(即X-ray diffraction,可理解为X射线衍射仪技术)对应力进行测试,从而表征出应力水平,也可采用TEM(即Transmission Electron Microscope,可理解为透射电子显微镜)对应力进行测试,从而表征出应力水平。
然而,XRD的光斑面积较大,适用于较大范围的测量,但是,环栅器件(GAA)的特征尺寸远远小于XRD的光斑,因此XRD难以做到准确的测量。同时,TEM易于对测试对象造成损伤。可见,现有技术中,无法在无损的情况下准确对环栅器件中的应力(例如沟道应力)进行测试与表征。
发明内容
本发明提供一种环栅器件制备的测试方法与系统,以解决无法在无损的情况下准确对环栅器件中的应力(例如沟道应力)进行测试与表征的问题。
根据本发明的第一方面,提供了一种环栅器件制备的测试方法,包括以下至少之一:
在衬底上生长外延层之后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述外延层与所述衬底中至少部分位置的初始应变,得到初始应变信息;所述外延层包括层叠的牺牲材料层与沟道材料层;
在对所述衬底与所述外延层图案化,以形成鳍片后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化,得到第一应力信息;所述鳍片包括牺牲层,以及纳米线形状的沟道层;
在所述鳍片被刻蚀出源区与漏区,源区与漏区外延出源区材料层与漏区材料层,且鳍片外的伪栅极被去除后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试剩余鳍片的应力和/或应力变化,得到第二应力信息;
在剩余鳍片中的牺牲层被释放,以利用所述沟道层作为沟道后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第三应力信息;
在栅介质层与金属栅包裹所述沟道后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第四应力信息。
可选的,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述外延层与所述衬底中至少部分位置的初始应变,得到初始应变信息,包括:
利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光分别入射生长所述外延层后形成的结构,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组初始拉曼光谱,其中,若采用不同波长的测试光,则不同波长的测试光的穿透深度不同;
基于所述初始拉曼光谱,确定所述初始应变信息。
可选的,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化,得到第一应力信息,包括:
利用拉曼测试装置面扫图案化之后所形成的结构,并对扫描结果进行成像,得到目标图像;
在所述目标图像中定位出所述鳍片的位置,得到目标位置信息;
根据所述目标位置信息,利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述鳍片的至少部分位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第一拉曼光谱,其中,若采用不同波长的测试光,则不同波长的测试光的穿透深度不同;
基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定所述第一应力信息。
可选的,基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定所述第一应力信息,包括:
基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定所述鳍片中对应位置的第一形变信息;
根据所述第一形变信息与所述初始形变信息,计算所述鳍片中对应位置的应力变化,得到所述第一应力信息的部分或全部内容。
可选的,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第二应力信息,包括:利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至剩余鳍片的至少部分位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第二拉曼光谱;基于所述第二拉曼光谱,确定所述第二应力信息;
利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第三应力信息,包括:利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道的位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第三拉曼光谱;基于所述第三拉曼光谱,确定所述第三应力信息;
利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第四应力信息,包括:利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第四拉曼光谱;基于所述第四拉曼光谱,确定所述第四应力信息;
其中,若采用不同波长的测试光,则不同波长的测试光的穿透深度不同。
可选的,所述的测试方法,还包括:
基于所确定的应力信息,分析相应工艺环节对沟道应力的影响。
可选的,所述的测试方法,还包括:
获取采用不同工艺条件实施同一工艺环节后所确定的不同的应力信息;
比对所述不同的应力信息,分析不同工艺条件对沟道对应位置应力的影响。
可选的,所述沟道材料层为硅材料层,所述牺牲材料层为锗硅材料层,所述沟道层为硅层,所述牺牲层为锗硅层,所述衬底为硅衬底。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供了一种环栅器件制备的测试系统,包括:拉曼测试装置与数据处理装置;所述数据处理装置独立于所述拉曼测试装置,并与所述拉曼测试装置连接,或者:所述数据处理装置集成于所述拉曼测试装置;
所述拉曼测试装置用于实施以下至少之一:
在衬底上生长外延层之后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光分别入射生长所述外延层后形成的结构,并采集对应的一组初始拉曼光谱;所述外延层包括层叠的牺牲材料层与沟道材料层;
在对所述衬底与所述外延层图案化,以形成鳍片后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述鳍片的至少部分位置,并采集对应的一组第一拉曼光谱;所述鳍片包括牺牲层,以及纳米线形状的沟道层;
在所述鳍片被刻蚀出源区与漏区,源区与漏区外延出源区材料层与漏区材料层,且鳍片外的伪栅极被去除后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射剩余鳍片的至少部分位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第二拉曼光谱;
在剩余鳍片中的牺牲层被释放,以利用所述沟道层作为沟道后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道的位置,并采集对应的一组第三拉曼光谱;
在栅介质层与金属栅包裹所述沟道后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道,并采集对应的一组第四拉曼光谱;
所述数据处理装置用于:
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述初始拉曼光谱,则:基于所述初始拉曼光谱,确定初始应变信息,所述初始应变信息匹配于所述外延层与所述衬底中至少部分位置的初始应变,得到初始应变信息;
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第一拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定第一应力信息,所述第一应力信息匹配于所述鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化;
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第二拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第二拉曼光谱,确定第二应力信息,所述第二应力信息匹配于对应时刻剩余鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化;
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第三拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第三拉曼光谱,确定第三应力信息,所述第三应力信息匹配于对应时刻所述沟道的应 力和/或应力变化;
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第四拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第四拉曼光谱,确定第四应力信息,所述第四应力信息匹配于对应时刻所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化。
可选的,所述拉曼测试装置还用于:
面扫所述衬底与所述外延层图案化之后所形成的结构,并对扫描结果进行成像,得到目标图像;
所述数据处理装置还用于:
在所述目标图像中定位出所述鳍片或沟道的位置,得到目标位置信息,并以所述目标位置信息作为所述拉曼测试装置入射测试光的依据。
可选的,所述数据处理装置还用于:
基于所述第一应力信息、所述第二应力信息、所述第三应力信息、所述第四应力信息中至少之一,分析相应工艺环节对沟道应力的影响。
可选的,所述数据处理装置还用于:
获取采用不同工艺条件实施同一工艺环节后所确定的不同的应力信息;
比对所述不同的应力信息,分析不同工艺条件对沟道对应位置应力的影响。
本发明提供的环栅器件制备的测试方法与系统中,将拉曼测试装置引入到环栅器件制备过程的至少一个环节,进而,能够在生长外延层后、形成鳍片后、源漏外延(且伪栅极被去除)后、释放牺牲层后、HKMG包裹沟道后等至少一个时间点(也可不限于此处举例的时间点)对沟道对应位置的应力进行测试,在此基础上,测试结果可反应出沟道对应位置应力随制备工艺环节的变化。其中,由于拉曼测试装置的测试光的光斑面积较小(例如远小于XRD,可达到200nm),进而,可在测试中表征出较小尺寸的结构应力(及其变化),同时,该过程中,也不会对样品表面产生损伤。可见,本发明能够在无损的情况下准确对相应工艺环节下沟道对应位置的应力进行测试与表征,为制备工艺的进一步分析与改进提供准确、充分的依据。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一实施例中环栅器件制备的测试方法的流程示意图一;
图2a是生长外延层后的结构示意图;
图2b是形成鳍片后的结构示意图;
图2c是制作伪栅极后的结构示意图;
图2d是刻蚀源区域漏区后的结构示意图;
图2e是外延源区材料层与漏区材料层后的结构示意图;
图2f与图2g是去除伪栅极后的结构示意图;
图2h是释放牺牲层后的结构示意图;
图2i与图2j是沉积栅介质层与金属栅之后的结构示意图;
图3是本发明一举例中步骤S201中532nm激光下测得的拉曼光谱;
图4是本发明一举例中步骤S201中405nm激光下测得的拉曼光谱;
图5是本发明一举例中步骤S201中325nm激光下测得的拉曼光谱;
图6是本发明一举例中步骤S202中532nm激光下测得的拉曼光谱;
图7是本发明一举例中步骤S202中532nm激光下测得的拉曼光谱;
图8是本发明一实施例中环栅器件制备的测试方法的流程示意图二;
图9是本发明一实施例中环栅器件制备的测试方法的流程示意图三;
图10是本发明一实施例中环栅器件制备的测试系统的构造示意图一;
图11是本发明一实施例中环栅器件制备的测试系统的构造示意图二。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明说明书的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“上部”、“下部”、“上端”、“下端”、“下表面”、“上表面”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明说明书的描述中,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本发明的描述中,“多个”的含义是多个,例如两个,三个,四个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明说明书的描述中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“连接”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接或可以互相通讯;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的 连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下面以具体地实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合,对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
本发明实施例所涉及的环栅器件,可理解为其沟道采用纳米线(或可理解为纳米管)的形状,并且,本发明实施例所提供的环栅器件制备的测试方法与系统可应用于对任意环栅器件制备过程进行测试,不论工艺条件如何设计,均可作为本发明实施例的一种方案。
以图10与图11为例,为实现本发明实施例中的环栅器件制备的测试方法,需采用拉曼测试装置,其可理解为一种基于拉曼光谱而实现测试的装置,其中的拉曼光谱,可表征为Raman spectra,其是一种散射光谱。具体方案中,可选择具有单点光谱测量与面扫成像功能的拉曼测试装置。
本领域任意已有或改进的拉曼测试装置,均可应用于本发明实施例而作为一种可选方案。
为便于说明,以图1为例,环栅器件制备工艺的步骤(也可理解为工艺环节)可例如包括其中的步骤S101、S102、S103、S104、S105,实际的制备工艺中,可不限于该些步骤。对应的,环栅器件制备的测试方法中,可实施步骤S201、S202、S203、S204、S205中至少之一。一种具体的方案中,可兼而实施步骤S201、S202、S203、S204、S205。
环栅器件的制备工艺,可以包括:
S101:在衬底上生长外延层;
生长后的结构可例如图2a所示,其中,衬底32可以为硅衬底,其上可生长出层叠的沟道材料层311与牺牲材料层312,从而形成外延层31,图中示意了两层沟道材料层311与两层牺牲材料层312,同时,沟道材料层311可以为硅材料层,牺牲材料层可以为锗硅材料层,在其他方案中,也可采用氧化硅、多晶硅等,实际工艺中,沟道材料层、牺牲材料层的层数、厚度、长度、宽度、材料等均可以任意变化,生长的工艺参数、工艺设备等也可以任意变化。
对应于步骤S101,环栅器件制备的测试方法可以包括:
在步骤S101之后,实施步骤S201:利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述外延层与所述衬底中至少部分位置的初始应变,得到初始应变信息。
其中所提到的所述外延层与所述衬底中至少部分位置,可以是其中部分或全部的牺牲材料层、部分或全部的沟道材料层、衬底,例如:可以是其中部分的硅材料层、锗硅材料层。
进一步的,步骤S201具体可以包括:
利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光分别入射生长所述外延层后形成的结构,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组初始拉曼 光谱,
基于所述初始拉曼光谱,确定所述初始应变信息。
以上及后文中提到的“不同波长的测试光”,可理解为:若采用不同波长的测试光,则不同波长的测试光的穿透深度不同,即此处的不同波长需满足穿刺深度不同的要求;具体的,由于穿透深度不同,测试光可入射至不同的结构层(该结构层可例如:作为牺牲材料层312的锗硅材料层、衬底32、作为沟道材料层311的硅材料层、作为牺牲层331的锗硅层、作为沟道层332的硅层、沟道37的硅、鳍片33下的基底35等等)。
波长的选择可以主要根据其穿透深度进行选择,由于结构上各结构层(例如沟道材料层、沟道层、沟道、以及牺牲材料层、牺牲层等)是多层堆叠的,长波长的光源主要用在较底层应力的测量上,短波长主要用于顶层的测量。
一种举例中,步骤S201中,可分别采用532nm(穿透深度例如为1μm左右)、405nm(穿透深度例如为100nm左右)和325nm(穿透深度例如为10nm左右)波长的激光作为拉曼测试(即Raman测试)的光源。其他步骤中对波长的选择也可采用该选择,也可不采用该选择。
其中,初始应变(也可理解为初始应变状态)可理解为:没有做任何的微纳加工时晶片wafer(例如图2所示结构)的应变状态。具体的,应变状态可以主要由晶格常数来定义,Si的晶格常数为
Figure PCTCN2021123725-appb-000001
Ge的晶格常数为
Figure PCTCN2021123725-appb-000002
一种举例后,晶片wafer(例如图2所示结构)可以为Si/Si0.7Ge0.3/Si这样的层叠结构。进而:
对于Si0.7Ge0.3层,理论上,如果其没有任何应变,其晶格常数应该为a
Figure PCTCN2021123725-appb-000003
现在这层Si0.7Ge0.3是在Si衬底(即衬底32)上外延生长的,那么其就被压缩从而具有Si的晶格,因此这层材料具有压应变,应变程度例如可以为(5.431-5.4991)/5.431=-1.25%。
在实际测量中,所得到的Si0.7Ge0.3层的应变状态可例如为-1.3%,与理论数据吻合较好。
对于顶层Si(即顶层的硅材料层311),其虽然是在Si0.7Ge0.3外延生长的,但这层Si0.7Ge0.3的晶格已被压缩到与衬底Si一致,因此顶层Si与Si0.7Ge0.3之间没有晶格失配,因此不存在应变。具体的测试结果中,顶层Si中可以没有任何应变。
以图3所体现的频谱测试结果为例,532nm激光波长下测到的拉曼光谱(即Raman光谱),主要用于分析Si1-xGex层的应变。其中示意了Raw data(即原始数据)的曲线、Cumulative Fit Peak(即累积拟合峰值)的曲线、Fit Peak1(即拟合峰值1)的曲线,以及Fit Peak2(即拟合峰值2)的曲线,在图3中,部分曲线的部分曲线段显示为相重合,进而,可能未能充分、清楚体现出整个曲线。
其中,晶片wafer(例如图2所示结构)的Raman光谱经过Lorentz拟 合后,包括两个峰,一个是来自衬底的Si-Si峰,其强度大,另一个是来自Si1-xGex的Si-Si峰,强度较小。两个峰之间位置的不同包含了Si1-xGex层的Ge组分和应变信息。
Si 1-xGe x中的应变公式为:Δω=ax+bε
其中,a=66.4cm-1,b=830cm-1。
Si中的应变公式为:
Δω=cε
其中,c=733cm-1。
测量中使用的样品,Ge组分为30%,即x=0.3,计算所得应变为-1.3%,其中负号表示压应变。
以图4所体现的频谱测试结果为例,其为405nm激光波长下测到的拉曼光谱(即Raman光谱),与上述计算方法相同,计算所得应变为-1.17%,其中负号表示压应变。由于穿透深度更浅,所得的SiGe峰信号强度更高,405nm波长下测到的应变信息更加靠近表面,更加准确。
以图5所体现的频谱测试结果为例,325nm激光波长下测到的光谱主要用于分析顶层Si的应变。其中示意了Raw data(即原始数据)的曲线、Fit Peak(即拟合峰值)的曲线。
其中,Raman光谱经过Lorentz拟合之后,只有一个峰,可参照Fit Peak(即拟合峰值)的曲线理解,由于325nm激光的穿透深度有限(10nm),可以判断该信号来自顶层Si,其峰位置相对于标准Si峰(520.7cm-1)没有明显位移,表明顶层Si中没有发生应变。
步骤S101之后,环栅器件的制备工艺,可以包括:
S102:对所述衬底与所述外延层图案化,以形成鳍片。
其中图案化的过程可例如包括对图2a所示的衬底32、外延层31进行刻蚀,从而刻蚀出鳍片33,例如可进行EBL(可理解为电子束曝光)处理和/或刻蚀(即etch)。
对应于外延层的层叠形式,鳍片33可以包括层叠的牺牲层331与纳米线形状的沟道层332。在图示的方案中,沟道层是基于对沟道材料层的刻蚀而形成的,牺牲层是基于对牺牲材料层的刻蚀而形成的,另部分方案中,部分沟道层也可能是基于对衬底的刻蚀而形成的。其中,鳍片33可位于基底35上,基底35可以为衬底32,也可能是衬底32的一部分。
对应于步骤S102,环栅器件制备的测试方法可以包括:
在步骤S102之后,实施步骤S202:利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化,得到第一应力信息。
进而,其中的第一应力信息,可以为匹配于(或可理解为能够表征)对应应力和/或应力变化的任意信息。
其中所提到的鳍片中至少部分位置,可以是其中部分或全部的牺牲层、部分或全部的沟道层、基底,例如:可以是其中部分的硅层、锗硅层。
一种进一步的方案中,为测量鳍片、纳米线等的应力,由于制备过程中 所形成器件的尺寸很小,难以准确测量到片、纳米线等的位置,因此需对器件区域进行面扫成像,确定鳍片、纳米线的位置,然后再对鳍片、纳米线进行单点测量,得到其Raman光谱,然后对光谱进行分析得到Nanowire中的应变情况。
故而,步骤S102可以包括:
利用拉曼测试装置面扫图案化之后所形成的结构,并对扫描结果进行成像,得到目标图像;
在所述目标图像中定位出所述鳍片的位置,得到目标位置信息;
根据所述目标位置信息,利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述鳍片的至少部分位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第一拉曼光谱,其中,若采用不同波长的测试光,则不同波长的测试光的穿透深度不同;
基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定所述第一应力信息。
其中的目标位置信息,可理解为能够对鳍片、纳米线、沟道层(或沟道)等至少之一位置进行描述的任意信息,基于目标位置信息,可控制拉曼测试装置的入射位置、方向等。
该目标位置信息可以仅引用于步骤S202,也可应用于后续步骤S203、S204、S205中对沟道的定位,进而,在该些步骤中,可无需对沟道重新进行定位,部分方案中,也可在后续步骤S203、S204、S205中利用类似的方式重新对沟道进行定位,进而基于重新定位的目标位置信息,控制测试光的入射位置、方向等。
其中,在所述目标图像中定位出所述鳍片的位置,得到目标位置信息的过程可例如是图10、图11所示的数据处理装置42算出来的,拉曼测试装置41也可以是在其控制下确定入射位置的。同时,也不排除人工计算、控制或采用其他装置进行计算、控制的方案。
在晶片wafer被图案化后,由于鳍片尺寸很小(例如几十个纳米),难以保持晶片wafer时的应变状态,应力会释放掉,因此基于步骤S202可测到的沟道中的应力为释放后剩余的应力。
具体的,确定第一应力信息的过程可例如:基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定所述鳍片中对应位置(例如硅层、锗硅层)的第一形变信息;根据所述第一形变信息与所述初始形变信息,计算所述鳍片中对应位置的应力变化,得到所述第一应力信息的部分或全部内容。
以图6所示为例,其为532nm激光波长下测到的Nanowire的拉曼光谱,其中示意了累积拟合峰值(即累积拟合峰值)的曲线,以及原始数据(即Raw Data)的曲线;
光谱经过Lorentz拟合后,包括两个峰,一个是来自衬底的Si-Si峰,一个是来自Nanowire的Si1-xGex层的Si-Si峰,由前面给出的公式,可以计算出Nanowire的Si1-xGex层中的应变为-1.06%,对比于前文中所举例的应变,剩余的应力占初始应力的81.5%,应力释放掉了18.5%。其可作为第一 应力信息的部分或全部。
以图7为例,其示意了405nm激光波长下测到的Nanowire的拉曼光谱,光谱经过Lorentz拟合后,包括三个峰,一个是来自衬底的Si-Si峰,一个是来自Si1-xGex Nanowire的Si-Si峰,一个是来自Si Nanowire的Si-Si峰。
由前面给出的公式,可以计算出Si1-xGex Nanowire中的应变为-0.92%,剩余的应力占初始应力的78.6%,应力释放掉了21.4%。其可作为第一应力信息的部分或全部。
Si Nanowire中的应变为0.41%,Si在wafer是是没有应变的,在pattern成Nanowire后变为0.41%的张应变,这部分应变是由下层的SiGe应力释放,晶格扩张,从而给上层的Si带来的。
可见,在步骤S202的具体方案中,可结合Raman面扫成像和鳍片上(或可理解为纳米线、沟道层、牺牲层)的单点光谱测量,探究其中应力的剩余情况,此外,还可实现不同的尺寸(线的长度和宽度)下的应力情况。
环栅器件的制备工艺中,步骤S102之后,可以包括:
S103:在所述鳍片刻蚀出源区与漏区,在源区与漏区外延源区材料层与漏区材料层,并在外延后去除鳍片外的伪栅极;
其中的源区材料层与漏区材料层可以为锗硅,进而,步骤S103的过程即为外延锗硅源漏的过程;
S104:释放所述鳍片中的牺牲层,以利用所述沟道层作为沟道;
请参考图2c至图2f,步骤S103之前,还可包括:
在鳍片33外形成横跨鳍片33的伪栅极34,形成如图2c所示的结构;例如可淀积并刻蚀多晶硅,从而形成伪栅极;
然后,在步骤S103中,可在伪栅极34两侧的鳍片33刻蚀源漏区,形成如图2d所示的结构;
在步骤S103中,可在伪栅极34两侧的源漏区外延源区材料层与漏区材料层(即材料层36),例如可通过EPI外延源区材料层与漏区材料层,形成如图2e所示的结构;
然后,可去除伪栅极34,形成如图2f与图2g所示的结构;
请参考图2h,在牺牲层被释放后,沟道层可作为沟道37,该沟道可以为硅沟道。若牺牲层为锗硅层,则可通过去除锗硅的工艺实现牺牲层的释放。
对应于步骤S103,环栅器件制备的测试方法可以包括:
在步骤S103之后,实施步骤S203:利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试剩余鳍片的应力和/或应力变化,得到第二应力信息
在步骤S104之后,实施步骤S204:利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第三应力信息。
进而,其中的第二应力信息、第三应力信息,可以为匹配于(或可理解为能够表征)对应应力和/或应力变化的任意信息。
进一步的方案中,步骤S203可以包括:利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至剩余鳍片的至少部分位置(例如剩余沟道层、剩余牺牲层),并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第二拉曼光谱;基于所述第二拉曼光谱,确定所述第二应力信息。
步骤S204可以包括:利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第三拉曼光谱;基于所述第三拉曼光谱,确定所述第三应力信息。
其中测试的具体过程可参照步骤S202中部分或全部过程理解,例如也可通过单点光谱的测量,得到对应的第二拉曼光谱。
环栅器件的制备工艺中,步骤S104之后,可以包括:
S104:沉积栅介质层与金属栅;
请参考图2i与图2j,所沉积的栅介质层38(例如HfO2)与金属栅39(例如TiN)可理解为HKMG,即:High-K Metal Gate。其中,沉积的工艺条件(例如厚度、材料、沉积方式、沉积时间等等)可根据需求任意变化。通过对栅介质层与金属栅的沉积,可使其包裹于沟道37。其中,沉积HKMG的过程可例如采用ALD(即:原子层沉积)的方式实现。
对应于步骤S104,环栅器件制备的测试方法可以包括:
在步骤S104之后,实施步骤S204:利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第四应力信息。
与步骤S203、S202中确定第二应力信息、第一应力信息的过程类似的,步骤S204具体可以包括:利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道的位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第四拉曼光谱;基于所述第四拉曼光谱,确定所述第四应力信息;
其中测试的具体过程可参照步骤S202中部分或全部过程理解,例如也可通过单点光谱的测量,得到对应的第四拉曼光谱。
以上方案中,基于拉曼光谱(例如初始拉曼光谱、第一拉曼光谱、第二拉曼光谱、第三拉曼光谱、第四拉曼光谱),确定对应应力信息或初始应变信息的过程可利用图10、图11所示的数据处理装置42实现。
以上步骤S201至S205的过程中,将拉曼测试装置引入到环栅器件制备过程的各个环节,进而,能够在生长外延层后、形成鳍片后、释放牺牲层后、栅介质层与金属栅包裹沟道后、外延源漏后等时间点(也可不限于此处举例的时间点)沟道对应位置的应力进行测试,在此基础上,测试结果可反应出沟道对应位置应力随制备工艺环节的变化。其中,由于拉曼测试装置的测试光的光斑面积较小(例如远小于XRD,可达到200nm),进而,可在测试中表征出较小尺寸的结构应力(及其变化),同时,该过程中,也不会对样品表面产生损伤。可见,本发明能够在无损的情况下准确对各工艺环节下沟道对应位置的应力进行测试与表征,为制备工艺的进一步分析与改进提供准确、充分的依据。
其中所指的沟道对应位置,可以指沟道材料层、牺牲材料层、衬底、沟道 层、牺牲层、衬底、基底等位置。
本发明实施例的测试方法还可进一步对应用各测试信息进行进一步的分析处理。
请参考图8,所述的测试方法,还包括:
S207:基于所确定的应力信息,分析相应工艺环节对沟道应力的影响。
其中,所确定的应力信息可以指所述第一应力信息、所述第二应力信息、所述第三应力信息、所述第四应力信息中至少之一
部分方案中,可对每个工艺环节的应力影响都做分析,部分方案中,也可仅对部分工艺环节的应力影响做分析。
进而,步骤S207具体可以包括以下至少之一:
基于所述第一应力信息,或者所述第一应力信息与所述初始应变信息,确定第一工艺环节对所述沟道层、所述牺牲层应力的影响;所述第一工艺环节包括:对所述衬底与所述外延层图案化的工艺环节(即步骤S102);
基于所述第二应力信息,或者所述第二应力信息与所述第一应力信息,确定第二工艺环节对沟道层应力的影响;所述第二工艺环节包括:外延源漏的工艺环节(即步骤S103);
基于第三应力信息,或者第三应力信息与所述第二应力信息,确定第三工艺环节对沟道应力的影响;所述第三工艺环节包括:释放所述鳍片中的牺牲层的工艺环节(即步骤S104);
基于所述第四应力信息,或者所述第四应力信息与所述第三应力信息,确定第四工艺环节对沟道位置应力的影响;所述第四工艺环节包括:栅介质层与金属栅包裹所述沟道的工艺环节(即步骤S105)。
其中一种实施方式中,请参考图9,所述的测试方法,还包括:
S208:获取采用不同工艺条件实施同一工艺环节后所确定的不同的应力信息;
其中,所述不同的应力信息可以指以下任意之一:不同的第一应力信息、不同的第二应力信息、不同的第三应力信息、不同的第四应力信息;
S209:比对所述不同的应力信息,分析不同工艺条件对沟道对应位置应力的影响。
其中的工艺条件,可指与工艺环节相关联的任意工艺条件。进而,可便于分析到各工艺条件的变化对应力的影响,从而为工艺条件的合理选择提供依据。
针对于步骤S102的工艺环节,以上提及的工艺条件可例如包括以下至少之一:
所刻蚀的牺牲材料层的厚度、沟道材料层的厚度;刻蚀的方式;刻蚀的工艺参数;刻蚀采用的装置、牺牲材料层的材料,沟道材料层的材料,刻蚀图案(体现了其尺寸)等等;
进而,通过变化以上工艺条件,观察应力情况,可确定图案化的刻蚀过程各种工艺条件对应力的影响,从而找到最合适的工艺条件。例如可探究不 同的尺寸纳米线(例如不同长度和宽度)下,应力的剩余情况。
针对于步骤S104的工艺环节,以上提及的工艺条件可例如包括以下至少之一:释放时采用干法或是湿法刻蚀;刻蚀的工艺参数等。
进而,通过变化以上工艺条件,观察应力情况,可确定释放过程中各种工艺条件对应力的影响,从而找到最合适的工艺条件。
针对于步骤S105的工艺环节,以上提及的工艺条件可例如:薄膜(即栅介质层、金属栅)的生长条件(例如温度、压强、气源的流速等)、薄膜的材料等;
进而,通过变化以上工艺条件,观察应力情况,可确定形成HKMG过程中各种工艺条件对应力的影响,从而找到最合适的工艺条件。
针对于步骤S103的工艺环节,以上提及的工艺条件可例如:源/漏的生长条件、源/漏的形状、掺杂浓度、沉淀的金属的尺寸、材料等等。
进而,通过变化以上工艺条件,观察应力情况,可确定外延源漏、沉淀金属等过程中,各种工艺条件对应力的影响,从而找到最合适的工艺条件。
请参考图10与图11,本发明实施例还提供了一种环栅器件制备的测试系统,包括:拉曼测试装置41与数据处理装置42;所述数据处理装置42独立于所述拉曼测试装置41,并与所述拉曼测试装置41连接,或者:所述数据处理装置42集成于所述拉曼测试装置41;
所述拉曼测试装置41用于实施一下至少之一::
在衬底上生长外延层之后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光分别入射生长所述外延层后形成的结构,并采集对应的一组初始拉曼光谱;所述外延层包括层叠的牺牲材料层与沟道材料层;
在对所述衬底与所述外延层图案化,以形成鳍片后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述鳍片的至少部分位置,并采集对应的一组第一拉曼光谱;所述鳍片包括牺牲层,以及纳米线形状的沟道层;
在所述鳍片被刻蚀出源区与漏区,源区与漏区分别外延出源区材料层与漏区材料层,且鳍片外的伪栅极被去除后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射剩余鳍片的至少部分位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第二拉曼光谱;
在剩余鳍片中的牺牲层被释放,以利用所述沟道层作为沟道后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道的位置,并采集对应的一组第三拉曼光谱;
在栅介质层与金属栅包裹所述沟道后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道,并采集对应的一组第四拉曼光谱;
在淀积金属以在沟道外形成栅极后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道,并采集对应的一组第四拉曼光谱;
所述数据处理装置42用于:
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述初始拉曼光谱,则:基于所述初始拉曼光谱,确定初始应变信息,所述初始应变信息匹配于所述外延层与所述衬底 中至少部分位置的初始应变,得到初始应变信息;
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第一拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定第一应力信息,所述第一应力信息匹配于所述鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化;
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第二拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第二拉曼光谱,确定第二应力信息,所述第二应力信息匹配于对应时刻剩余鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化;
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第三拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第三拉曼光谱,确定第三应力信息,所述第三应力信息匹配于对应时刻所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化;
若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第四拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第四拉曼光谱,确定第四应力信息,所述第四应力信息匹配于对应时刻所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化。
所述拉曼测试装置还用于:
面扫所述衬底与所述外延层图案化之后所形成的结构,并对扫描结果进行成像,得到目标图像;
所述数据处理装置还用于:
在所述目标图像中定位出所述鳍片或沟道的位置,得到目标位置信息,并以所述目标位置信息作为所述拉曼测试装置入射测试光的依据。例如,可基于该目标位置信息控制拉曼测试装置的入射位置。
可选的,所述数据处理装置42还用于:
基于所确定的应力信息,分析相应工艺环节对沟道应力的影响。
可选的,所述数据处理装置42还用于:
获取采用不同工艺条件实施同一工艺环节后所确定的不同的应力信息,所述不同的应力信息指以下任意之一:不同的第一应力信息、不同的第二应力信息、不同的第三应力信息、不同的第四应力信息;
比对所述不同的应力信息,分析不同工艺条件对沟道对应位置应力的影响。
其中,与方法实施例相匹配的内容(包括技术手段、技术效果与各种变化)可参照方法实施例的相关描述理解,在此不再累述。
此外,部分举例中,以上所涉及的测试方法的各步骤,也可以是数据处理装置42控制、处理下(由拉曼测试装置配合)而实现的,即:数据处理装置42用于实施以上所涉及的测试方法。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一种实施方式”、“一种实施例”、“具体实施过程”、“一种举例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种环栅器件制备的测试方法,其特征在于,包括以下至少之一:
    在衬底上生长外延层之后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述外延层与所述衬底中至少部分位置的初始应变,得到初始应变信息;所述外延层包括层叠的牺牲材料层与沟道材料层;
    在对所述衬底与所述外延层图案化,以形成鳍片后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化,得到第一应力信息;所述鳍片包括牺牲层,以及纳米线形状的沟道层;
    在所述鳍片被刻蚀出源区与漏区,源区与漏区外延出源区材料层与漏区材料层,且鳍片外的伪栅极被去除后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试剩余鳍片的应力和/或应力变化,得到第二应力信息;
    在剩余鳍片中的牺牲层被释放,以利用所述沟道层作为沟道后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第三应力信息;
    在栅介质层与金属栅包裹所述沟道后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第四应力信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的测试方法,其特征在于,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述外延层与所述衬底中至少部分位置的初始应变,得到初始应变信息,包括:
    利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光分别入射生长所述外延层后形成的结构,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组初始拉曼光谱,其中,若采用不同波长的测试光,则不同波长的测试光的穿透深度不同;
    基于所述初始拉曼光谱,确定所述初始应变信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的测试方法,其特征在于,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化,得到第一应力信息,包括:
    利用拉曼测试装置面扫图案化之后所形成的结构,并对扫描结果进行成像,得到目标图像;
    在所述目标图像中定位出所述鳍片的位置,得到目标位置信息;
    根据所述目标位置信息,利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述鳍片的至少部分位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第一拉曼光谱,其中,若采用不同波长的测试光,则不同波长的测试光的穿透深度不同;
    基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定所述第一应力信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的测试方法,其特征在于,基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定所述第一应力信息,包括:
    基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定所述鳍片中对应位置的第一形变信息;
    根据所述第一形变信息与所述初始形变信息,计算所述鳍片中对应位置的应力变化,得到所述第一应力信息的部分或全部内容。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的测试方法,其特征在于,
    利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道层的应力和/或应力变化,得到第二应力信息,包括:利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至剩余鳍片的至少部分位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第二拉曼光谱;基于所述第二拉曼光谱,确定所述第二应力信息;
    利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第三应力信息,包括:利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第三拉曼光谱;基于所述第三拉曼光谱,确定所述第三应力信息;
    利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射并测试所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化,得到第四应力信息,包括:利用所述拉曼测试装置的一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第四拉曼光谱;基于所述第四拉曼光谱,确定所述第四应力信息;
    其中,若采用不同波长的测试光,则不同波长的测试光的穿透深度不同。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的测试方法,其特征在于,还包括:
    基于所确定的应力信息,分析相应工艺环节对沟道应力的影响。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的测试方法,其特征在于,还包 括:
    获取采用不同工艺条件实施同一工艺环节后所确定的不同的应力信息;
    比对所述不同的应力信息,分析不同工艺条件对沟道对应位置应力的影响。
  8. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的测试方法,其特征在于,所述沟道材料层为硅材料层,所述牺牲材料层为锗硅材料层,所述沟道层为硅层,所述牺牲层为锗硅层,所述衬底为硅衬底。
  9. 一种环栅器件制备的测试系统,其特征在于,包括:拉曼测试装置与数据处理装置;所述数据处理装置独立于所述拉曼测试装置,并与所述拉曼测试装置连接,或者:所述数据处理装置集成于所述拉曼测试装置;
    所述拉曼测试装置用于实施以下至少之一:
    在衬底上生长外延层之后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光分别入射生长所述外延层后形成的结构,并采集对应的一组初始拉曼光谱;所述外延层包括层叠的牺牲材料层与沟道材料层;
    在对所述衬底与所述外延层图案化,以形成鳍片后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述鳍片的至少部分位置,并采集对应的一组第一拉曼光谱;所述鳍片包括牺牲层,以及纳米线形状的沟道层;
    在所述鳍片被刻蚀出源区与漏区,源区与漏区外延出源区材料层与漏区材料层,且鳍片外的伪栅极被去除后,利用拉曼测试装置的测试光入射剩余鳍片的至少部分位置,并利用所述拉曼测试装置采集对应的一组第二拉曼光谱;
    在剩余鳍片中的牺牲层被释放,以利用所述沟道层作为沟道后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道的位置,并采集对应的一组第三拉曼光谱;
    在栅介质层与金属栅包裹所述沟道后,利用一种或多种不同波长的测试光入射至所述沟道,并采集对应的一组第四拉曼光谱;
    所述数据处理装置用于:
    若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述初始拉曼光谱,则:基于所述初始拉曼光谱,确定初始应变信息,所述初始应变信息匹配于所述外延层与所述衬底中至少部分位置的初始应变,得到初始应变信息;
    若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第一拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第一拉曼光谱,确定第一应力信息,所述第一应力信息匹配于所述鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化;
    若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第二拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第二拉曼光谱,确定第二应力信息,所述第二应力信息匹配于对应时刻剩余鳍片中至少部分位置的应力和/或应力变化;
    若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第三拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第三拉曼光谱,确定第三应力信息,所述第三应力信息匹配于对应时刻所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化;
    若所述拉曼测试装置采集到所述第四拉曼光谱,则:基于所述第四拉曼光谱,确定第四应力信息,所述第四应力信息匹配于对应时刻所述沟道的应力和/或应力变化。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的测试系统,其特征在于,所述拉曼测试装置还用于:
    面扫所述衬底与所述外延层图案化之后所形成的结构,并对扫描结果进行成像,得到目标图像;
    所述数据处理装置还用于:
    在所述目标图像中定位出所述鳍片或沟道的位置,得到目标位置信息,并以所述目标位置信息作为所述拉曼测试装置入射测试光的依据。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的测试系统,其特征在于,所述数据处理装置还用于:
    基于所确定的应力信息,分析相应工艺环节对沟道应力的影响。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的测试系统,其特征在于,所述数据处理装置还用于:
    获取采用不同工艺条件实施同一工艺环节后所确定的不同的应力信息;
    比对所述不同的应力信息,分析不同工艺条件对沟道对应位置应力的影响。
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