WO2023045395A1 - 电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045395A1
WO2023045395A1 PCT/CN2022/096565 CN2022096565W WO2023045395A1 WO 2023045395 A1 WO2023045395 A1 WO 2023045395A1 CN 2022096565 W CN2022096565 W CN 2022096565W WO 2023045395 A1 WO2023045395 A1 WO 2023045395A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
box body
battery
guard plate
fastener
box
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/096565
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈修贤
陈智明
陈彬彬
苗慧敏
王庆
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023045395A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045395A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to a battery and an electrical device.
  • the box plays an important role in ensuring the service life and workability of the battery.
  • the box is severely damaged and deformed, which causes a lot of inconvenience to the normal use of the battery. .
  • the application provides a battery and an electrical device, which can effectively reduce the deformation of the box body, reduce the cycle and frequency of maintenance of the box body, and provide convenience for the normal operation of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a battery, including: a box body, which has an accommodating portion for accommodating battery cells and an outer surface facing away from the accommodating portion; It is arranged on the outer surface of the box body; the fastening component is used to connect the guard plate and the box body, and the fastening component is fixed on the outer surface of the box body to ensure the overall structure of the box body.
  • the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a fastening component connected to the outer surface of the box, which avoids the connection method of the fastening component passing through the outer surface of the box, thereby avoiding the operation of punching holes in the box and ensuring The integrity and sealing of the box reduce the risk of air leakage in the box.
  • the fastening component is bonded to the outer surface of the box body, or the fastening component is welded to the outer surface of the box body.
  • the adhesive connection or welding connection can avoid the operation of punching holes in the box body, which ensures the integrity and sealing of the box body, and reduces the risk of air leakage in the box body.
  • the bonding area between the fastening component and the outer surface of the box body is greater than or equal to 300 mm 2 .
  • a plurality of fastening assemblies are connected to an outer surface of the box body, and the plurality of fastening assemblies are distributed at intervals on the outer surface of the box body.
  • the fastening assembly includes: a first fastener connected to the outer surface of the box body; a second fastener connected to the first fastener, and the guard plate is fastened to the first between the fastener and the second fastener.
  • the first fastener includes a stud and a connecting flange formed at one end of the stud, and the connecting flange is connected to the outer surface of the box;
  • the second fastener is a nut, and the nut and the screw column connection so that the guard plate is sandwiched between the connecting flange and the nut.
  • the nut is a self-locking nut. This can effectively reduce the risk of loosening of fastening components.
  • the connecting surface between the connecting flange and the outer surface of the box body is polygonal or circular.
  • the guard plate has a recessed portion recessed toward the outer surface of the box body, and the guard plate abuts against the fastening component through the bottom wall of the recessed portion.
  • Such an arrangement can reduce the risk of the fastening component causing damage to the battery or other structures of the electric device caused by the size of the fastening component protruding too much from the guard plate.
  • an electric device including the battery provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the battery is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the battery and the electrical device provided in the embodiment of the present application are provided with a fastening component connected to the outer surface of the box, which avoids the connection method of the fastening component passing through the outer surface of the box, thereby avoiding the need to punch holes in the box. Operation ensures the integrity and sealing of the box and reduces the risk of air leakage in the box.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a front structural schematic diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view along N-N of FIG. 6 .
  • Vehicle 1a, motor; 1b, controller;
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative plates.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the current collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer is stacked as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer is stacked as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of negative electrode current collector can be copper, and negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon etc.
  • the material of the diaphragm can be PP or PE, etc.
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Electric devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and electric tools, and so on.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • the electric device is taken as an example for description.
  • a battery 10 is provided inside a vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can be arranged at the bottom or the head or the rear of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1, for example, the battery 10 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1.
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 1b and a motor 1a.
  • the controller 1b is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 1a, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1 for working power requirements.
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • the battery 10 includes a battery cell 141 (not shown in FIG. 2 ) and a case 11 for accommodating the battery cell 141 .
  • the box body 11 is used to accommodate the battery cells 141 , and the box body 11 may be in various structural forms.
  • the case 11 may include a bottom case 111 and a top case 112 .
  • the bottom case 111 and the top case 112 cover each other.
  • the bottom case 111 and the top case 112 jointly define a receiving portion 11 b for receiving the battery cell 141 .
  • the bottom case 111 and the top case 112 may be hollow structures with one side open.
  • the opening side of the bottom case 111 is covered with the opening side of the top case 112 to form a box body 11 with a receiving space.
  • a sealing member may also be provided between the bottom case 111 and the top case 112 to achieve a sealed connection between the bottom case 111 and the top case 112 .
  • the bottom case 111 can cover the top of the top case 112 .
  • the bottom shell 111 can also be called a lower box, and the top shell 112 can also be called an upper box.
  • the bottom case 111 and the top case 112 may be in various shapes, for example, a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like. In FIG. 2 , for example, both the bottom case 111 and the top case 112 are cuboid structures.
  • the battery 10 there may be one or more battery cells 141 . If there are multiple battery cells 141 , the multiple battery cells 141 can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel. Parallel connection means that the plurality of battery cells 141 are both connected in series and in parallel. A plurality of battery cells 141 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells 141 is housed in the box 11, or a plurality of battery cells 141 can be connected in series or in parallel first Or in parallel to form the battery module 14 . A plurality of battery modules 14 are connected in series, in parallel or mixed to form a whole, and accommodated in the accommodation portion 11b of the case 11.
  • the battery 10 there are multiple battery cells 141 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 141 are connected in series, in parallel or in parallel to form the battery module 14 .
  • a plurality of battery modules 14 are connected in series, in parallel or in parallel to form a whole, and accommodated in the case 11 .
  • the plurality of battery cells 141 in the battery module 14 can be electrically connected through a bus component, so as to realize parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 141 in the battery module 14 .
  • the battery 10 includes a case body 11 , a guard plate 12 and a fastening assembly 13 .
  • the box body 11 has a receiving portion 11 b for receiving the battery cells 141 and an outer surface 11 a facing away from the receiving portion 11 b.
  • the guard plate 12 is used to protect the box body 11 , and the guard plate 12 is arranged on the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 .
  • the fastening assembly 13 is used to connect the guard plate 12 and the box body 11 , and the fastening assembly 13 is fixed on the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 to ensure the overall structure of the box body 11 .
  • the box body 11 has multiple outer surfaces 11 a
  • the guard plate 12 may be provided on one outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 , or the guard plate 12 may be provided on all the outer surfaces 11 a of the box body 11 .
  • the guard plate 12 is connected to the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 through the fastening assembly 13, and the fastening assembly 13 is also connected to the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 without passing through the outer surface 11a of the box body 11, thereby avoiding the
  • the process of setting connection holes on the box body 11 ensures the integrity of the structure of the box body 11, especially when the box body 11 is impacted, there is no connection hole on the box body 11, so the connection hole will not expand when it is impacted
  • the phenomenon of deformation can effectively avoid the problem of air leakage of the box body 11 caused by the loosening of the fastening component 13 and the like.
  • the box body 11 provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided with a fastening assembly 13 connected to the outer surface 11a of the box body 11, which avoids the connection method of the fastening assembly 13 passing through the outer surface 11a of the box body 11, thereby avoiding the
  • the operation of punching holes on the box 11 ensures the integrity and sealing of the box body 11 and reduces the risk of air leakage of the box body 11 .
  • fastening component 13 connects the fastening component 13 and the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 , such as welding and bonding.
  • the fastening component 13 is adhesively connected to the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 . That is, the fastening component 13 is bonded to the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 by an adhesive, and the guard plate 12 is connected to the fastening component 13, so that the guard plate 12 can still play a protective role, and the fastening component 13 It is connected to the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 by bonding, so that the fastening component 13 does not need to pass through the outer surface 11a of the box body 11, nor does it need to open the guard plate 12 through the way of opening the outer surface 11a of the box body 11. Being connected to the box body 11 effectively reduces the risk of sealing failure of the box body 11 .
  • the fastening component 13 is welded to the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 .
  • the fastening component 13 can be welded to the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 by means of brazing, welding or argon arc welding.
  • the bonding area of the fastening component 13 and the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 is not limited, as long as it can realize the connection between the guard plate 12 and the box body. 11, and it is not necessary to open holes on the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 to realize the connection between the two.
  • the bonding area between the fastening component 13 and the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 is greater than or equal to 300 mm 2 .
  • the bonding area between the fastening component 13 and the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 may be 300mm 2 , 350mm 2 , 380mm 2 , 400mm 2 or 450mm 2 .
  • An outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 may be connected to the guard plate 12 through one fastening component 13 , or may be connected to the guard plate 12 through multiple fastening components 13 , which is not limited here.
  • a plurality of fastening assemblies 13 are connected to an outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 , and the plurality of fastening assemblies 13 are distributed at intervals on the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 .
  • each fastening component 13 By arranging a plurality of fastening components 13, the force of each fastening component 13 is reduced, and when the box body 11 is subjected to loads such as vibration and impact, the firmness of the connection between the guard plate 12 and the box body 11 is ensured, and the box body 11 is effectively improved. service life.
  • the fastening assembly 13 may include one part, or may be a combination of multiple parts, which is not limited here, as long as the connection between the box body 11 and the guard plate 12 can be realized.
  • the fastening component 13 may be a rivet, and the rivet is connected to the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 , and the guard plate 12 is connected to the rivet by riveting.
  • the fastening assembly 13 includes a first fastener 131 and a second fastener 132 .
  • the first fastener 131 is connected to the outer surface 11a of the box body 11, the second fastener 132 is connected to the second fastener 132, and the guard plate 12 is fastened to the first fastener 131 and the second fastener. Between 132.
  • first fastener 131 may be a bolt
  • second fastener 132 may be a nut
  • first fastener 131 may be a blind rivet nut
  • second fastener 132 may be a bolt
  • first fastener 131 and the second fastener 132 may also have other structures, which are not limited here.
  • the fasteners provided include a first fastener 131 and a second fastener 132, and the first fastener 131 is connected to the outer surface 11a of the box body 11, and the guard plate 12 is connected to the second fastener 132 through the second fastener 132. Between the first fastener 131 and the second fastener 132 , the guard plate 12 can be connected to the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 .
  • the first fastener 131 includes a stud 1312 and a connecting flange 1311 formed at one end of the stud 1312 , and the connecting flange 1311 is connected to the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 .
  • the second fastener 132 is a nut, and the nut is connected to the stud 1312, so that the guard plate 12 is sandwiched between the connecting flange 1311 and the nut.
  • the connecting flange 1311 and the stud 1312 can be formed integrally, or they can be formed separately and then connected by welding or other processes. Compared with connecting to the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 through the studs 1312, connecting the outer surface 11a of the box body 11 through the connecting flange 1311 can effectively increase the connection area between the first fastener 131 and the box body 11, Furthermore, the firmness of the connection between the guard plate 12 and the box body 11 is improved.
  • the connection between the nut and the bolt is convenient, quick and reliable.
  • the nut can be a common hexagon head nut, or a nut of other structures, which is not limited here.
  • the nut is a self-locking nut.
  • the self-locking nut can realize self-locking by the friction between itself and the stud 1312, and has good anti-loosening and anti-vibration effects.
  • the box body 11 When the box body 11 is subjected to external loads such as impact and vibration, it can The risk of connection failure between the guard plate 12 and the box body 11 caused by the loosening of the fastening component 13 is effectively reduced.
  • connecting flange 1311 and the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 there is no limitation on the shape of the connecting flange 1311 and the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 , and can be various shapes, as long as the reliability of the connection between the two can be ensured.
  • the connecting surface between the connecting flange 1311 and the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 is polygonal or circular.
  • the shape of the connecting flange 1311 is a polygonal prism or a cylinder, and the two axial ends of the polygonal prism or cylinder are respectively connected to the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 and the stud 1312 .
  • the connection between the connecting flange 1311 and the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 can be realized.
  • the guard plate 12 may be a flat plate-like structure, or a corresponding structure may be provided on the guard plate 12 in order to meet relevant requirements, which is not limited here.
  • the guard plate 12 has a recessed portion 12 a recessed toward the outer surface 11 a of the box body 11 , and the guard plate 12 abuts against the fastening component 13 through the bottom wall of the recessed portion 12 a.
  • the guard plate 12 is set to have a recessed portion 12a that is recessed toward the outer surface 11a of the box body 11, and the guard plate 12 is set to abut against the fastener through the bottom wall of the recessed portion 12a, that is, the fastening assembly 13 is arranged to be located in the recessed portion 12a,
  • the size of the fastening component 13 protruding from the outer surface of the guard plate 12 can be reduced, and the risk of the fastening component 13 causing damage to the battery 10 or other structures of the electrical device caused by the excessive size of the fastening component 13 protruding from the guard plate 12 can be reduced .
  • the size of the recessed portion 12a and the fastening component 13 it is possible to effectively prevent the fastener from protruding from the surface of the guard plate 12, further reducing the impact of the fastening component 13 on the battery 10 or other electrical devices. Risk of damage to the structure.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery 10 provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the battery 10 is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the electric device provided by the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effect because it uses the battery 10 provided by any one of the above embodiments, so it will not be repeated here.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种电池（10）及用电装置，电池（10）包括：箱体（11）、护板（12）和紧固组件（13）。箱体（11）具有用于容纳电池单体（141）的容纳部（11b）和背向容纳部的外表面（11a）。护板（12）用于对箱体（11）进行防护，护板（12）设置于箱体（11）的外表面（11a）。紧固组件（13）用于连接护板（12）与箱体（11），紧固组件（13）固定于箱体（11）的外表面（11a），以确保箱体（11）的整体结构。提供的箱体（11），设置紧固组件（13）连接于箱体（11）的外表面（11a），避免了紧固组件（13）穿过箱体（11）的外表面（11a）的连接方式，从而避免了在箱体（11）上打孔的操作，保证了箱体（11）的完整性和密封性，降低了箱体（11）密封失效的风险。

Description

电池及用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年09月27日提交的名称为“电池及用电装置”的中国专利申请202122353944.5的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别涉及一种电池及用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，用电装置如电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于用电装置而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
箱体作为电池内部结构的防护和承载部件，对保证电池的使用寿命和工作性起着重要的作用，而随着电池使用时间的增加，箱体损伤变形严重，给电池的正常使用造成诸多不便。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电池及用电装置，能够有效地降低箱体的变形，降低箱体需要维护的周期和次数，给电池的正常工作提供了便利。
一方面，本申请实施例提出了一种电池，包括：箱体，具有用于容纳电池单体的容纳部和背向容纳部的外表面；护板，用于对箱体进行防护，护板设置于箱体的外表面；紧固组件，用于连接护板与箱体，紧固组件固定于箱体的外表面，以确保箱体的整体结构。
本申请实施例提供的电池，设置紧固组件连接于箱体的外表面，避免了紧固组件穿过箱体的外表面的连接方式，从而避免了在箱体上打孔的操作，保证了箱体的完整性和密封性，降低了箱体漏气的风险。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，紧固组件与箱体的外表面粘接连接，或者，紧固组件与箱体的外表面焊接连接。
粘接连接或者焊接连接均可以避免在箱体上打孔的操作，保证了箱体的完整性和密封性，降低了箱体漏气的风险。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，紧固组件与箱体的外表面的粘接面积大于或者等于300mm 2。
有利于提高箱体与紧固组件之间的粘结力，在箱体受到一定的冲击、振动等载荷时，依然能够保证护板与箱体连接的可靠性。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，箱体的一个外表面上连接有多个紧固组件，多个紧固组件在箱体的外表面上间隔分布。
设置多个紧固组件，降低每个紧固组件的受力，在箱体受到振动、冲击等载荷时，保证护板与箱体连接的牢固性
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，紧固组件包括：第一紧固件，连接于箱体的外表面；第二紧固件，连接于第一紧固件，护板紧固连接于第一紧固件和第二紧固件之间。如此设置依然可以实现紧固组件对箱体和护板的连接。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，第一紧固件包括螺柱和形成于螺柱一端的连接法兰，连接法兰连接于箱体的外表面；第二紧固件为螺母，螺母与螺柱连接，以使护板夹设于连接法兰与螺母之间。此种连接方式，连接方便、快捷，连接可靠。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，螺母为自锁螺母。如此可以有效地降低紧固组件发生松动的风险。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，连接法兰与箱体的外表面的连接面呈多边形或者圆形。如此设置，均可以实现紧固组件与箱体的外表面的连接。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，护板具有凹陷向箱体的外表面的凹陷部，护板通过凹陷部的底壁与紧固组件抵接。
如此设置，可以降低紧固组件伸出护板的尺寸太多造成的紧固组件对电池或者用电装置的其它结构造成损伤的风险。
另一个方面，根据本申请提供一种用电装置，包括上述任意一实施例提供的电池，电池用于为用电装置提供电能。
本申请实施例提供的电池及用电装置，设置紧固组件连接于箱体的外表面，避免了紧固组件穿过箱体的外表面的连接方式，从而避免了在箱体上打孔的操作，保证了箱体的完整性和密封性，降低了箱体漏气的风险。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例的电池模块的局部结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例的电池的结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例提供的电池的分解结构示意图；
图6是本申请一实施例体提供的电池的主视结构示意图；
图7是图6沿N-N的剖面示意图。
在附图中，附图未必按照实际的比例绘制。
附图标记说明：
1、车辆；1a、马达；1b、控制器；
10、电池；11、箱体；11a、外表面；11b、容纳部；111、底壳；112、顶壳；12、护板；12a、凹陷部；13、紧固组件；131、第一紧固件；1311、连接法兰；1312、螺柱；132、第二紧固件；14、电池模块；141、电池单体。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体层叠后作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体层叠后作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以 为碳或硅等。隔膜的材质可以为PP或PE等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
发明人发现在用电装置如车辆使用过程中，存在箱体损伤变形的问题，箱体的修复通常比较困难，需要更换整个电池，维护成本高。随后发明人对电池箱体的机构和使用环境进行了分析和研究。发明人发现，箱体与护板在连接的过程中，需要在箱体上打孔，护板与路面之间具有较大的剐蹭力，使得护板与箱体之间产生较大的挣脱力，拖动箱体与护板的连接结构变形，导致箱体损伤变形。
基于发明人发现的上述问题，对箱体和护板的结构进行了改进，本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电装置。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池10。电池10可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可 以作为车辆1的操作电源。
车辆1还可以包括控制器1b和马达1a。控制器1b用来控制电池10为马达1a供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
参见图2所示，电池10包括电池单体141(图2未示出)以及用于容纳电池单体141的箱体11。
箱体11用于容纳电池单体141，箱体11可以是多种结构形式。
在一些实施例中，箱体11可以包括底壳111和顶壳112。底壳111与顶壳112相互盖合。底壳111和顶壳112共同限定出用于容纳电池单体141的容纳部11b。底壳111和顶壳112可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构。底壳111的开口侧盖合于顶壳112的开口侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体11。底壳111与顶壳112之间还可以设置密封件，以实现底壳111与顶壳112的密封连接。
在实际运用中，底壳111可盖合于顶壳112的顶部。底壳111也可称之为下箱体，顶壳112也可以称之为上箱体。
底壳111和顶壳112可以是多种形状，例如，圆柱体、长方体等。在图2中，示例性地，底壳111与顶壳112均为长方体结构。
在电池10中，电池单体141可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体141为多个，多个电池单体141之间可串联或并联或混联。混联是指多个电池单体141中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体141之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体141构成的整体容纳于箱体11内，也可以是多个电池单体141先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块14。多个电池模块14再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体11的容纳部 11b内。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，在电池10中，电池单体141为多个。多个电池单体141先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块14。多个电池模块14再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体11内。
在一些实施例，电池模块14中的多个电池单体141之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现电池模块14中的多个电池单体141的并联或串联或混联。
在一些实施例中，如图4至图6所示，电池10包括箱体11、护板12和紧固组件13。箱体11具有用于容纳电池单体141的容纳部11b和背向所述容纳部11b的外表面11a。护板12用于对箱体11进行防护，护板12设置于箱体11的外表面11a。紧固组件13用于连接护板12与箱体11，紧固组件13固定于箱体11的外表面11a，以确保箱体11的整体结构。
具体地，箱体11具有多个外表面11a，可以将护板12设置在箱体11的一个外表面11a，也可以在箱体11的多个外表面11a均设置护板12。护板12通过紧固组件13连接于箱体11的外表面11a，而紧固组件13也连接于箱体11的外表面11a，而没有穿过箱体11的外表面11a，从而可以避免在箱体11上设置连接孔的工艺，保证了箱体11结构的完整，特别是在箱体11受到冲击的时候，箱体11上没有设置连接孔，便不会在受到冲击时出现连接孔扩大变形的现象，有效避免紧固组件13松动等造成的箱体11漏气的问题。
本申请实施例提供的箱体11，设置紧固组件13连接于箱体11的外表面11a，避免了紧固组件13穿过箱体11的外表面11a的连接方式，从而避免了在箱体11上打孔的操作，保证了箱体11的完整性和密封性，降低了箱体11漏气的风险。
紧固组件13与箱体11的外表面11a的连接方式有多种，比如焊接、 粘接等。
在一些实施例中，紧固组件13与箱体11的外表面11a粘接连接。即通过粘接剂将紧固组件13粘接在箱体11的外表面11a，而护板12连接于紧固组件13，如此，护板12依然能够起到防护的作用，而紧固组件13通过粘接的方式连接于箱体11的外表面11a，从而紧固组件13不必穿过箱体11的外表面11a，也无需通过在箱体11的外表面11a开孔的方式将护板12连接于箱体11，有效降低了箱体11密封失效的风险。
在另一些实施例中，紧固组件13与箱体11的外表面11a焊接连接。示例性地，紧固组件13可以通过钎焊、熔焊或者氩弧焊等方式焊接于箱体11的外表面11a。
可以理解的是，设置紧固组件13与箱体11的外表面11a焊接连接，仍然能够避免通过在箱体11的外表面11a开孔的方式实现护板12与箱体11的连接，仍然能够有效降低箱体11密封失效的风险。
在紧固组件13与箱体11的外表面11a粘接连接的实施例中，紧固组件13与箱体11的外表面11a的粘接面积不做限制，只要能够实现护板12与箱体11的连接，且不必采用在箱体11的外表面11a开孔方式实现二者的连接即可。
在一些实施例中，紧固组件13与箱体11的外表面11a的粘接面积大于或者等于300mm 2。示例性地，紧固组件13与箱体11的外表面11a的粘接面积可以为300mm 2、350mm 2、380mm 2、400mm 2或者450mm 2等。
可以理解的是，紧固组件13与箱体11的粘接面积越大，则二者的粘接力越大，越有利于提高紧固组件13与箱体11的连接力，进而提高护板12与箱体11的连接力，有利于提高箱体11与护板12之间连接的可靠性。保证护板12在正常使用时，牢靠地粘接在箱体11上，满足振动、冲击等正常使用载荷要求。
箱体11的一个外表面11a可以通过一个紧固组件13与护板12连接，也可以通过多个紧固组件13与护板12连接，这里不做限制。
在一些实施例中，请继续参阅图4至图6，箱体11的一个外表面11a上连接有多个紧固组件13，多个紧固组件13在箱体11的外表面11a上间隔分布。
通过设置多个紧固组件13，降低每个紧固组件13的受力，在箱体11受到振动、冲击等载荷时，保证护板12与箱体11连接的牢固性，有效提高箱体11的使用寿命。
可以理解的是，紧固组件13可以包括一个零件，也可以是多个零件组合而成，这里不做限制，只要能够实现箱体11与护板12的连接即可。示例性地，紧固组件13可以为铆钉，铆钉连接于箱体11的外表面11a，而护板12与铆钉铆接连接。
在一些实施例中，如图7所示，紧固组件13包括第一紧固件131和第二紧固件132。第一紧固件131连接于箱体11的外表面11a，第二紧固件132连接于第二紧固件132，护板12紧固连接于第一紧固件131和第二紧固件132之间。
具体地，可以设置第一紧固件131为螺栓，第二紧固件132为螺母，也可以设第一紧固件131为拉铆螺母，而第二紧固件132为螺栓。当然，第一紧固件131和第二紧固件132也可以为别的结构，这里不做限制。
设置紧固件包括第一紧固件131和第二紧固件132，并设置第一紧固件131连接于箱体11的外表面11a，护板12通过第二紧固件132连接于第一紧固件131和第二紧固件132之间，可以实现护板12连接于箱体11的外表面11a。
在一些实施例中，第一紧固件131包括螺柱1312和形成于螺柱1312一端的连接法兰1311，连接法兰1311连接于箱体11的外表面11a。第二 紧固件132为螺母，螺母与螺柱1312连接，以使护板12夹设于连接法兰1311与螺母之间。
具体地，连接法兰1311与螺柱1312可以一体成型加工而成，也可以二者分别加工成型后，通过焊接等工艺连接。相比于通过螺柱1312连接到箱体11的外表面11a，通过连接法兰1311连接于箱体11的外表面11a，可以有效地提高第一紧固件131与箱体11的连接面积，进而提高护板12与箱体11连接的牢固性。
而通过将护板12夹设于螺栓和螺母之间，螺母与螺栓的连接方便、快捷，且连接可靠。
螺母可以是普通的六角头螺母，也可以是其它结构的螺母，这里不做限制。
在一些实施例中，螺母为自锁螺母。
具体地，自锁螺母能够靠自身与螺柱1312之间的摩擦力实现自锁，具有良好的防松、抗振的效果，对于箱体11在受到冲击、振动等外载荷的作用时，能够有效地降低紧固组件13的松动造成的护板12与箱体11连接失效的风险。
可以理解的是，连接法兰1311与箱体11的外表面11a连接的形状不做限制，可以是各种形状，只要能够保证二者连接的可靠性即可。
在一些实施例中，连接法兰1311与箱体11的外表面11a的连接面呈多边形或者圆形。
对应地，连接法兰1311的形状为多棱柱体或者圆柱体，多棱柱体或者圆柱体自身轴向的两端分别与箱体11的外表面11a和螺柱1312连接。如此设置，均可以实现连接法兰1311与箱体11的外表面11a的连接。
护板12可以是一个平直的板状结构，也可以为了满足相关的要求，在护板12上设置对应的结构，这里不做限制。
在一些实施例中，护板12具有凹陷向箱体11的外表面11a的凹陷部12a，护板12通过凹陷部12a的底壁与紧固组件13抵接。
设置护板12具有凹陷向箱体11的外表面11a的凹陷部12a，并设置护板12通过凹陷部12a的底壁与紧固件抵接，即设置紧固组件13位于凹陷部12a内，可以降低紧固组件13伸出护板12外侧表面的尺寸，降低紧固组件13伸出护板12的尺寸太多造成的紧固组件13对电池10或者用电装置的其它结构造成损伤的风险。
在一些实施例中，通过合理设置凹陷部12a的和紧固组件13的尺寸，可以有效防止紧固件伸出护板12的表面，进一步降低紧固组件13对电池10或者用电装置的其它结构造成损伤的风险。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电装置，包括上述任意一实施例提供的电池10，电池10用于为用电装置提供电能。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，由于采用过了上述任意一实施例提供的电池10，因而具有同样的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述实施例均是示例性而非限制性的。在不同实施例中出现的不同技术特征可以进行组合，以取得有益效果。本领域技术人员在研究附图、说明书及权利要求书的基础上，应能理解并实现所揭示的实施例的其他变化的实施例。在权利要求书中，术语“包括”并不排除其他装置或步骤；物品没有使用数量词修饰时旨在包括一个/种或多个/种物品，并可以与“一个/种或多个/种物品”互换使用”；术语“第一”、“第二”用于标示名称而非用于表示任何特定的顺序。权利要求中的任何附图标记均不应被理解为对保护范围的限制。权利要求中出现的多个部分的功能可以由一个单独的硬件或软件模块来实现。某些技术特征出现在不同的从属权利要求中并不意味着不能将这些技术特征进行组合以取得有益效果。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池，其中，包括：
    箱体，具有用于容纳电池单体的容纳部和背向所述容纳部的外表面；
    护板，用于对所述箱体进行防护，所述护板设置于所述箱体的所述外表面；
    紧固组件，用于连接所述护板与所述箱体，所述紧固组件固定于所述箱体的所述外表面，以确保所述箱体的整体结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述紧固组件与所述外表面粘接连接，或者，所述紧固组件与所述箱体的所述外表面焊接连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池，所述紧固组件与所述外表面的粘接面积为大于或者等于300mm 2。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电池，其中，所述箱体的一个所述外表面上连接有多个所述紧固组件，多个所述紧固组件在所述箱体的所述外表面上间隔分布。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的电池，其中，所述紧固组件包括：
    第一紧固件，连接于所述箱体的所述外表面；
    第二紧固件，连接于所述第一紧固件，所述护板紧固连接于所述第一紧固件和第二紧固件之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，所述第一紧固件包括螺柱和形成于所述螺柱一端的连接法兰，所述连接法兰连接于所述箱体的所述外表面；
    所述第二紧固件为螺母，所述螺母与所述螺柱连接，以使所述护板夹设于所述连接法兰与所述螺母之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池，其中，所述螺母为自锁螺母。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的电池，其中，所述连接法兰与所述箱体的所述外表面的连接面呈多边形或者圆形。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的电池，其中，所述护板具有凹陷向所述箱体的所述外表面的凹陷部，所述护板通过所述凹陷部的底壁与所述紧固组件抵接。
  10. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求1至9任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于为所述用电装置提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/096565 2021-09-27 2022-06-01 电池及用电装置 WO2023045395A1 (zh)

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