WO2023004720A1 - 电池、用电装置以及电池的制造方法和制造系统 - Google Patents

电池、用电装置以及电池的制造方法和制造系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023004720A1
WO2023004720A1 PCT/CN2021/109401 CN2021109401W WO2023004720A1 WO 2023004720 A1 WO2023004720 A1 WO 2023004720A1 CN 2021109401 W CN2021109401 W CN 2021109401W WO 2023004720 A1 WO2023004720 A1 WO 2023004720A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
plate body
heat exchange
plate
support
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/109401
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林久标
产利兵
王春晖
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202180002687.0A priority Critical patent/CN115885412A/zh
Priority to KR1020217036575A priority patent/KR20230018978A/ko
Priority to JP2021563389A priority patent/JP7434360B2/ja
Priority to EP21797928.5A priority patent/EP4148872A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/109401 priority patent/WO2023004720A1/zh
Priority to US17/565,479 priority patent/US20230036195A1/en
Publication of WO2023004720A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023004720A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery, an electrical device, and a manufacturing method and system for the battery.
  • Battery cells are widely used in electronic equipment, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools, etc.
  • the battery cells may include nickel-cadmium battery cells, nickel-hydrogen battery cells, lithium-ion battery cells, secondary alkaline zinc-manganese battery cells, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a plurality of battery cells electrically connected by busbars. Each battery cell generates heat during operation. Therefore, the heat generated by multiple battery cells of the battery is easy to accumulate, causing the temperature of the battery cells to rise.
  • the operating temperature of the battery cell is generally in the range of 20 to 40 degrees, its charge and discharge performance is the best, and the service life is the best. How to control the working temperature of the battery cells in the battery within an appropriate range is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the battery technology.
  • the present application provides a battery, an electric device, a manufacturing method and a manufacturing system of the battery, which can improve the heat exchange effect and make the battery cells of the battery work at an appropriate temperature.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including:
  • the heat exchange component includes a first plate body and two second plate bodies, the two second plate bodies are respectively connected to both ends of the first plate body along the first direction, and there is a gap between the second plate body and the first plate body A preset angle, the first plate body and the two second plate bodies enclose the accommodation space, and the first plate body is provided with a first flow channel for the flow of the heat exchange medium;
  • the battery unit the battery unit is at least partially accommodated in the accommodation space of the heat exchange member, the battery unit includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in sequence along the second direction, the heat exchange member is used to adjust the temperature of the battery cells, the second direction is the same as the first the directions intersect; and
  • the support member includes a support portion located on a side of the first plate body away from the accommodation space, the support portion is connected to the first plate body and used to support the heat exchange component, and a heat insulation structure is provided between the support portion and the first plate body.
  • the first board can exchange heat with the battery cells, so that the battery cells can work at a suitable temperature and improve the performance of the battery cells.
  • the two second plates can fix the battery cells from both sides, improving the structural strength and stability of the battery.
  • the support part can be directly installed on the electrical device, which can save the traditional box, improve the space utilization rate, and reduce the use of parts.
  • the heat insulation structure can reduce the heat transfer between the heat exchange components and the support components, ensure the heat exchange rate between the battery cells and the heat exchange components, adjust the battery cells to a suitable working temperature in time, and prolong the service life of the battery.
  • the heat insulation structure includes a gap, and the gap is provided at least in a partial area between the support portion and the first board.
  • the gap separates at least part of the first plate body from the support portion, so as to reduce the contact area between the first plate body and the support portion, and reduce the heat transfer rate between the first plate body and the support portion.
  • the heat insulation structure further includes a heat insulation layer disposed in the gap.
  • the heat insulation layer can hinder the heat transfer between the first board body and the support part, and reduce the influence of the support part on the temperature of the first board body.
  • the first board includes a first main body, a first protrusion and a second protrusion, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion protrude from a surface of the first main body facing away from the accommodating space.
  • the size of the first protrusion protruding from the first body part is smaller than the size of the second protrusion protruding from the first body part, and the second protrusion is used to support the first body on the surface of the support part.
  • the main body part at least part of the gap formed between the support part and the first convex part.
  • the inside of the first protrusion forms a first flow channel.
  • the local thickness of the first plate body can be increased, more space can be provided for the first flow channel, the flow area of the first flow channel can be increased, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
  • the first protrusion protrudes toward the side away from the accommodation space, so that the first flow passage can avoid occupying the accommodation space while increasing the flow area of the first flow passage.
  • the supporting part is spaced apart from the first convex part, therefore, the gravitational load of components such as the battery cell is transmitted to the supporting part through the second convex part instead of being transmitted to the supporting part through the first convex part, which can reduce the load of the second convex part.
  • the stress on the first convex part reduces the risk of deformation and blockage of the first flow channel.
  • the support part and the first convex part are arranged at intervals, which can increase the heat conduction path between the heat exchange medium in the first flow channel and the support part, reduce the heat transfer rate between the heat exchange medium and the support part, and reduce the temperature of the support part
  • the impact on the heat exchange medium ensures the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange components and the battery cells.
  • the battery further includes two end plates, the two end plates are respectively located at both ends of the battery unit along the second direction and clamp the battery unit, and the two ends of the end plates in the first direction are respectively connected to two The second board. Both ends of the support portion along the second direction have installation areas, which protrude to the outside of the end plate and are used for fixing to the external frame.
  • the heat exchange member is connected to the end plate through the second plate, which can improve the stability of the first plate and reduce the risk of separation of the first plate and the battery cells when the battery shakes.
  • the installation area of the support part protrudes to the outside of the end plate, so that the support part can be directly fixed to the external frame, preventing the end plate from interfering with the connection between the support part and the external frame, and simplifying the structure of the battery.
  • the battery further includes a joint, at least a part of the first plate protrudes outside the end plate and is used for installing the joint, and the joint communicates with the first flow channel.
  • the connector is installed on the outside of the end plate, so the external liquid supply pipeline does not need to pass through the end plate, which can simplify the structure of the battery and make the arrangement of the external liquid supply pipeline more flexible.
  • the mounting area has a through mounting hole, and the mounting hole is used for passing the external connecting piece to be fixed to the external frame through the external connecting piece; in the thickness direction of the supporting part, the mounting hole is not covered by the heat exchange member. cover.
  • the installation hole is not covered by the heat exchange member, which can prevent the heat exchange member from interfering with the installation of the external connector, and simplify the installation process of the battery and the external frame.
  • both the end plate and the second plate body exceed the battery cell along a direction away from the support portion, and the two end plates and the two second plate bodies form openings at an end away from the support portion.
  • the battery further includes a cover plate, which is located on a side of the battery unit away from the support portion and connected to the end plate and the second plate body to close the opening.
  • the cover plate, the end plate and the heat exchange member enclose a liquid-enclosed space for accommodating the battery cells, so as to prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cells do not need to be protected by a box, and the battery in this embodiment can be directly installed on the electrical device, thereby saving space, improving space utilization, and reducing the use of parts.
  • the support member further includes two stoppers, the two stoppers are located on the side of the support facing the heat exchange member and connected to the support; in the first direction, the two second plates are located between the two stoppers.
  • the limiting part can limit the heat exchange member and the battery unit from both sides of the first direction, and when the battery shakes, the limiting part can reduce the shaking range of the heat exchange member and the battery unit, and improve the overall stability of the battery .
  • the second board includes a second main body, a third protrusion and a fourth protrusion, and the third protrusion and the fourth protrusion protrude from the surface of the second main body facing away from the accommodating space.
  • the dimension of the third protrusion protruding from the first main body is smaller than the dimension of the fourth protrusion protruding from the first main body, so that the fourth protrusion presses against the limiting part.
  • the inside of the third protrusion forms a second flow channel communicating with the first flow channel.
  • the third protrusion by providing the third protrusion, the local thickness of the second plate body can be increased, more space can be provided for the second flow channel, the flow area of the second flow channel can be increased, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
  • the third protrusion protrudes toward the side away from the accommodation space, so that the second flow passage can avoid occupying the accommodation space while increasing the flow area of the second flow passage. Since the dimension of the third protrusion protruding from the second main body is smaller than the dimension of the fourth protrusion protruding from the second main body, when the battery shakes, the fourth protrusion can act as a stop and reduce the size of the second plate.
  • the possibility that the outer member presses the third protrusion reduces the risk of deformation and blockage of the second flow channel.
  • the two limiting parts clamp the heat exchange member from both sides through the fourth convex part, so as to increase the connection strength between the heat exchange member and the support member and improve the stability.
  • the third convex part and the second main body part can be separated from the limiting part, and the contact area between the limiting part and the second plate can be reduced to prevent the second plate from contacting the limiting part.
  • the heat transfer between the position parts reduces the influence of the limit part on the temperature of the second plate body.
  • a second flow channel communicating with the first flow channel is provided inside the second plate body.
  • the first plate can exchange heat with the battery cell from below, and the second plate can exchange heat with the battery cell from the side, which can increase the heat exchange area of the battery cell and improve the heat exchange rate. efficiency, reduce the temperature difference of the battery cells in the thickness direction of the first plate body, improve the consistency of the temperature of the battery cells, and improve the working performance of the battery cells.
  • the first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected, so that there is no need to separately connect the first flow channel and the second flow channel with the external liquid supply pipeline, thereby simplifying the connection between the heat exchange component and the external liquid supply pipeline structure.
  • the first flow channel and the second flow channel communicate at the junction of the first plate body and the second plate body; or, the heat exchange component further includes a connecting pipeline, which communicates the first flow channel and the second flow channel .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery, including:
  • a heat exchange component is provided, the heat exchange component includes a first plate body and two second plate bodies, the two second plate bodies are respectively connected to both ends of the first plate body along the first direction, the second plate body and the first plate body There is a preset angle between the bodies, the first plate body and the two second plate bodies enclose an accommodating space, and the first plate body is provided with a first flow channel for the heat exchange medium to flow;
  • the support member includes a support portion
  • the support part is connected to the first plate body, the support part is located on the side of the first plate body away from the accommodation space, and is used to support the heat exchange component, and a heat insulation structure is provided between the support part and the first plate body;
  • the battery unit includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in sequence along a second direction, the second direction intersects the first direction;
  • the battery unit is at least partially placed in the accommodation space of the heat exchanging member, and the heat exchanging member is used to adjust the temperature of the battery unit.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery manufacturing system, including:
  • the first providing device is used to provide a heat exchange member
  • the heat exchange member includes a first plate body and two second plate bodies, the two second plate bodies are respectively connected to both ends of the first plate body along the first direction, and the second plate body There is a preset angle between the second plate body and the first plate body, the first plate body and the two second plate bodies enclose an accommodation space, and the first plate body is provided with a first flow channel for the heat exchange medium to flow;
  • the second providing device is used for providing a support member, and the support member includes a support portion;
  • the first assembly device is used to connect the support part to the first plate body, the support part is located on the side of the first plate body away from the accommodating space, and is used to support the heat exchange component, and there is a insulation structure;
  • a third providing device configured to provide a battery unit, the battery unit includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in sequence along a second direction, the second direction intersects the first direction;
  • the second assembling device is used for at least partially placing the battery unit in the accommodation space of the heat exchange component, and the heat exchange component is used for adjusting the temperature of the battery unit.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of batteries provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange member and the support member of the battery shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat exchange member and the support member shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is the enlarged schematic diagram at the circle B place of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange component of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange component of a battery provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the battery shown in FIG. 3 at the circle A;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of batteries provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a battery manufacturing method provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a battery manufacturing system provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells.
  • the box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector; the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode lug protruding from the positive electrode current collector. part is coated with a positive electrode active material layer, and at least part of the positive electrode tab is not coated with a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, the positive electrode active material layer includes the positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode tab protruding from the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode current collector part is coated with a negative electrode active material layer, and at least part of the negative electrode tab is not coated with a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, the negative electrode active material layer includes the negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the spacer can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cells will generate heat during the charging and discharging process. When multiple battery cells are used in groups, the heat may gather together. If the heat is not effectively removed, it will cause the battery cells to heat up and accelerate the battery life. monomer aging. In addition, if the temperature is too high, it is easy to cause thermal runaway, which poses a safety risk. When the battery cell is in a low temperature environment, the service life will be shortened and the discharge capacity will be weakened.
  • a flow channel is usually provided inside the heat exchange component.
  • the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the battery cell through the heat exchange component to adjust the temperature of the battery cell. temperature.
  • the heat exchange component usually needs to be arranged on a load-bearing structure, and the load-bearing structure is used to support the heat exchange component and the battery cells.
  • the inventors have found that the heat exchange component is easily affected by the temperature of the load-bearing structure, and the heat exchange component exchanges heat with the battery cell and the load-bearing structure at the same time, resulting in a decrease in the heat exchange rate between the battery cell and the heat exchange component, making it impossible to adjust the battery in time. Monomer operating temperature.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including: a heat exchange member, including a first plate body and two second plate bodies, and the two second plate bodies are respectively connected to the first plate body along the first direction. At both ends, there is a preset angle between the second plate body and the first plate body, the first plate body and the two second plate bodies form an accommodation space, and the first plate body is provided with a first flow channel for the heat exchange medium to flow.
  • the battery unit the battery unit is at least partially accommodated in the accommodation space of the heat exchange member, the battery unit includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in sequence along the second direction, the heat exchange member is used to adjust the temperature of the battery cells, the second direction and the first One direction intersects; and the support member includes a support portion located on the side of the first plate away from the accommodation space, the support portion is connected to the first plate and is used to support the heat exchange member, and a support is provided between the support portion and the first plate.
  • a thermal insulation structure there is a thermal insulation structure.
  • a heat insulation structure is provided between the heat exchange member and the support member to reduce the heat exchange between the heat exchange member and the support member, ensure the heat exchange rate between the battery cell and the heat exchange member, and promptly replace the battery
  • the monomer is adjusted to a suitable working temperature.
  • the batteries described in the embodiments of the present application are suitable for electric devices using batteries.
  • Electric devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and electric tools, and so on.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not impose special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical devices.
  • the electric device is taken as an example for description.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 2 is arranged inside the vehicle 1 , and the battery 2 can be arranged at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 2 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 2 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 3 and a motor 4 , the controller 3 is used to control the battery 2 to supply power to the motor 4 , for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle 1 during driving.
  • the battery 2 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 2 includes a box body 5 and a battery cell (not shown in FIG. 2 ), and the battery cell is accommodated in the box body 5 .
  • the box body 5 is used to accommodate the battery cells, and the box body 5 may have various structures.
  • the box body 5 may include a first box body part 51 and a second box body part 52, the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 52 cover each other, the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 51
  • the two box parts 52 jointly define an accommodating space 53 for accommodating the battery cells.
  • the second box part 52 can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first box part 51 is a plate-shaped structure, and the first box part 51 covers the opening side of the second box part 52 to form an accommodating space 53
  • the box body 5; the first box body portion 51 and the second box body portion 52 also can be a hollow structure with one side opening, and the opening side of the first box body portion 51 is covered on the opening side of the second box body portion 52 , to form a box body 5 with an accommodation space 53 .
  • the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 52 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • a sealing member may also be provided between the first box body portion 51 and the second box body portion 52, such as sealant, sealing ring, etc. .
  • the first box part 51 covers the top of the second box part 52
  • the first box part 51 can also be called an upper box cover
  • the second box part 52 can also be called a lower box.
  • the battery 2 there are a plurality of battery cells.
  • a plurality of battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that a plurality of battery cells are connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells is accommodated in the box 5; of course, it is also possible to first connect a plurality of battery cells in series or parallel or
  • the battery modules 6 are formed by parallel connection, and multiple battery modules 6 are connected in series or in parallel or in series to form a whole, and are housed in the box body 5 .
  • the box body 5 of the battery 2 is used to be installed on an electrical device, for example, the box body can be installed on the chassis of a vehicle through fasteners.
  • the box body 5 can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery provided in another embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchange member and a support member of the battery shown in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a heat exchange member and a support member shown in Fig. 4
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic view of circle B in Figure 5.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery 2, including: a heat exchange member 20, including a first plate body 21 and two second plate bodies 22, and the two second plate bodies 22 are respectively Connected to both ends of the first board 21 along the first direction Y, the second board 22 has a preset angle with the first board 21, and the first board 21 and the two second boards 22 are enclosed to accommodate Space 23, the first plate body 21 is provided with a first flow channel 211 for the flow of the heat exchange medium; the battery unit 10, the battery unit 10 is at least partially accommodated in the accommodation space 23 of the heat exchange member 20, and the battery unit 10 includes A plurality of battery cells 11 arranged in sequence, the heat exchange member 20 is used to adjust the temperature of the battery cells 11, the second direction X intersects the first direction Y; The support portion 31 on one side of the space 23 is connected to the first plate body 21 and used to support the heat exchange member 20 , and a heat insulation structure 40 is provided between the support portion 31 and the first plate body 21 .
  • a heat exchange member 20 including a first plate body 21
  • the battery 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 10 arranged along the first direction Y.
  • the first direction Y is perpendicular to the second direction X.
  • FIG. 3 there are two battery cells 10 , in other words, a plurality of battery cells 11 are arranged in two rows.
  • the battery cells 11 are connected to the heat exchange member 20 .
  • the battery cells 11 are bonded to the first plate body 21 and the second plate body 22 by thermally conductive glue.
  • the plurality of battery cells 11 in the battery 2 can be electrically connected through a current flow component, so as to realize parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 11 in the battery 2 .
  • the heat exchanging member 20 is used to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 11 so that the battery cell 11 works at an appropriate temperature.
  • the first plate body 21 is located under the plurality of battery cells 11 of the battery unit 10 , and the first plate body 21 is used for supporting the battery cells 11 and regulating the temperature of the battery cells 11 .
  • the first flow channel 211 is used to communicate with the external liquid supply pipeline, and the heat exchange medium circulates between the first flow channel 211 and the external liquid supply pipeline to exchange heat with the battery cells 11 through the first plate body 21, so that the battery Monomer 11 works at a suitable temperature.
  • the heat exchange medium can be a liquid.
  • the first plate body 21 is made of heat-conducting material, for example, the first plate body 21 is made of heat-conducting metal.
  • the first flow channel 211 can be formed on the first plate body 21 through processes such as extrusion molding, inflation molding, or stamping molding.
  • the first plate body 21 and the second plate body 22 may be integrally provided; for example, the first plate body 21 and the second plate body 22 are integrally formed by bending a plate.
  • the first board body 21 and the second board body 22 can also be arranged separately, for example, the first board body 21 and the second board body 22 can be connected by welding, bonding, clamping or other means.
  • the angle between the second plate body 22 and the first plate body 21 can be set as required, which is not limited in this embodiment. Exemplarily, the angle between the second plate body 22 and the first plate body 21 is 80°-100°.
  • the heat exchange member 20 is generally a U-shaped structure.
  • the two second plates 22 are located on both sides of the battery unit 10 along the first direction Y, which can fix the battery unit 10 and improve the overall strength of the battery 2 .
  • the second plate body 22 can also have a heat exchange function to adjust the temperature of the battery cells 11 from the side.
  • the heat exchange function of the second plate body 22 can also be omitted.
  • the support part 31 is connected to the first plate body 21 to improve the structural strength of the battery 2 and prevent the heat exchange member 20 from sliding relative to the support part 31 .
  • the supporting part 31 may be connected to the first plate body 21 by riveting, bolting, welding, bonding or other methods.
  • the support part 31 is a load-bearing structure of the battery 2 and is used to carry components such as the heat exchange member 20 and the battery cells 11 .
  • the supporting part 31 plays an important role in improving the structural strength of the battery 2, and has relatively high strength.
  • the support part 31 has high strength, so the support part 31 can be directly installed on the electric device (such as the chassis of the vehicle), which can save the traditional box, improve the space utilization rate and reduce the use of parts.
  • the electric device such as the chassis of the vehicle
  • one or more batteries 2 of the embodiments of the present application may also be assembled into the case first, and then installed on the electrical device through the case.
  • the supporting part 31 may be in contact with the heat exchanging member 20 to directly support the heat exchanging member 20 , or indirectly support the heat exchanging member 20 through other members.
  • the heat insulation structure 40 is used to separate at least part of the first plate body 21 from the support portion 31 to reduce the heat transfer rate between the support portion 31 and the first plate body 21 .
  • the heat insulation structure 40 may be a solid structure made of a material with a low thermal conductivity, or a space structure such as a gap, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the first plate body 21 can exchange heat with the battery cell 11 , so that the battery cell 11 can work at a suitable temperature and improve the performance of the battery cell 11 .
  • the two second plates 22 can fix the battery cells 11 from both sides, improving the structural strength and stability of the battery 2 .
  • the supporting part 31 can be directly installed on the electric device, so that the traditional box can be omitted, the space utilization rate can be improved, and the use of parts can be reduced.
  • the heat insulation structure 40 can reduce the heat transfer between the heat exchange member 20 and the support member 30, ensure the heat exchange rate between the battery cell 11 and the heat exchange member 20, and adjust the battery cell 11 to a suitable working temperature in time. Extend the service life of the battery 2.
  • the heat insulation structure 40 includes a gap 41 , and the gap 41 is provided at least in a partial area between the support portion 31 and the first board 21 .
  • the gap 41 may be filled with a heat insulating material, or may not be filled with a heat insulating material.
  • the gap 41 separates at least part of the first plate body 21 from the support portion 31, so as to reduce the contact area between the first plate body 21 and the support portion 31, and reduce the transmission between the first plate body 21 and the support portion 31. heat rate.
  • the heat insulation structure 40 further includes a heat insulation layer 42 disposed in the gap 41 .
  • the heat insulating layer 42 may fill up the gap 41 between the first plate body 21 and the supporting part 31 , or may only fill a part of the gap 41 .
  • the heat insulation layer 42 can be a whole piece, or can be separated into multiple pieces.
  • the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer 42 is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the supporting portion 31 and the thermal conductivity of the first board 21 .
  • the heat insulation layer 42 can block the heat transfer between the first plate body 21 and the support portion 31 , and reduce the influence of the support portion 31 on the temperature of the first plate body 21 . It should be noted that the heat insulation layer 42 does not require complete heat insulation, as long as it can reduce the heat conduction efficiency, preferably a non-metallic material.
  • the heat insulation layer 42 may use glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate or airgel felt.
  • the heat insulating layer 42 also has a connection function, which can securely fix the first plate body 21 on the support portion 31 and improve the structural strength of the entire battery 2 .
  • the heat insulating layer 42 is formed by curing an adhesive.
  • the heat insulation layer 42 also has a buffer function.
  • the heat insulation layer 42 has good elasticity, and when the battery 2 shakes, the heat insulation layer 42 can play a buffering role to reduce the impact force on the first plate body 21 and reduce the risk of deformation and blockage of the first flow channel 211 .
  • the first board 21 includes a first main body 212 , a first protrusion 213 and a second protrusion 214 , and the first protrusion 213 and the second protrusion 214 protrude from the first main body 212 .
  • the surface facing away from the receiving space 23 In the thickness direction of the first body part 212, the dimension of the first protrusion 213 protruding from the first body part 212 is smaller than the dimension of the second protrusion 214 protruding from the first body part 212, and the second protrusion 214 is used for supporting
  • the surface of the portion 31 supports the first body portion 212 ; at least part of the gap 41 is formed between the support portion 31 and the first convex portion 213 .
  • the inside of the first protrusion 213 forms a first flow channel 211 .
  • the first body part 212 is generally a flat plate structure, and the opposite surfaces of the first body part 212 along the thickness direction thereof are planes.
  • each first protrusion 213 is provided with a first flow channel 211; the first flow channels 211 of the plurality of first protrusions 213 can be connected directly or through other communication structures. For example connecting pipes etc.
  • the second protrusion 214 may be circular, rectangular, racetrack-shaped, oval or other shapes.
  • the second convex portion 214 can be connected to the supporting portion 31 by means of riveting, bolting, welding, bonding and the like.
  • the lower side of each battery cell 11 is provided with a second convex portion 214 , so that the heat exchange member 20 can transmit the gravity load to the support portion 31 more evenly, so as to reduce stress concentration.
  • the extent to which the second protrusion 214 protrudes from the first body portion 212 is greater than the degree to which the first protrusion 213 protrudes from the first body portion 212, so the second protrusion 214 will press against the support portion 31 to stretch the first body.
  • the main body part 212 and the first convex part 213 separate the first convex part 213 from the supporting part 31 .
  • the local thickness of the first plate body 21 can be increased, more space can be provided for the first flow channel 211, the flow area of the first flow channel 211 can be increased, and the heat transfer efficiency.
  • the first protrusion 213 protrudes toward the side away from the accommodation space 23 , so that the first flow channel 211 can avoid occupying the accommodation space 23 while increasing the flow area of the first flow channel 211 .
  • the supporting portion 31 is spaced apart from the first convex portion 213 , so the gravitational load of components such as the battery cell 11 is transmitted to the supporting portion 31 through the second convex portion 214 instead of being transmitted to the supporting portion 31 through the first convex portion 213 In this way, the stress on the first protrusion 213 can be reduced, and the risk of deformation and blockage of the first channel 211 can be reduced.
  • the support part 31 is spaced apart from the first convex part 213, so that the heat conduction path between the heat exchange medium in the first flow channel 211 and the support part 31 can be increased, and the heat transfer rate between the heat exchange medium and the support part 31 can be reduced. The influence of the temperature of the support part 31 on the heat exchange medium is reduced, so as to ensure the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange member 20 and the battery cells 11 .
  • the first plate body 21 is provided with a first concave portion 215 at a position corresponding to the second convex portion 214 , and the first concave portion 215 is recessed relative to the surface of the first main body portion 212 facing the accommodating space 23 .
  • the first concave portion 215 can reduce the weight of the first plate body 21 and increase the elasticity of the second convex portion 214 so that the second convex portion 214 has a certain buffering effect.
  • a second channel 221 is disposed inside the second plate body 22 .
  • the second flow channel 221 is used to communicate with the external liquid supply pipeline, and the heat exchange medium circulates between the second flow channel 221 and the external liquid supply pipeline to exchange heat with the battery cells 11 through the second plate body 22 , Make the battery cells 11 work at a suitable temperature.
  • the second flow channel 221 may or may not communicate with the first flow channel 211 , which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the first plate body 21 can exchange heat with the battery cell 11 from below, and the second plate body 22 can exchange heat with the battery cell 11 from the side, which can increase the temperature of the battery cell 11.
  • the heat exchange area improves the heat exchange efficiency, reduces the temperature difference of the battery cells 11 in the thickness direction of the first plate body 21 , improves the temperature consistency of the battery cells 11 , and improves the working performance of the battery cells 11 .
  • a second flow channel 221 communicating with the first flow channel 211 is disposed inside the second plate body 22 .
  • the second flow channel 221 may directly communicate with the first flow channel 211 , or indirectly communicate with the first flow channel 211 through other components, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the first flow channel 211 and the second flow channel 221 are communicated, so that there is no need to connect the first flow channel 211 and the second flow channel 221 to the external liquid supply pipeline separately, thereby simplifying the connection between the heat exchange component 20 and the external liquid supply pipeline.
  • the supporting member 30 further includes two limiting parts 32, the two limiting parts 32 are located on the side of the supporting part 31 facing the heat exchange member 20 and connected to the supporting part 31; in the first direction Y, The two second boards 22 are located between the two limiting portions 32 .
  • the limiting portion 32 can be integrally formed with the supporting portion 31 , or can be connected to the supporting portion 31 by means of welding, riveting, bonding or the like.
  • a certain angle is formed between the limiting portion 32 and the supporting portion 31 .
  • the angle between the limiting portion 32 and the supporting portion 31 is 80°-100°.
  • the limiting part 32 can limit the heat exchange member 20 and the battery unit 10 from both sides of the first direction Y, and when the battery 2 shakes, the limiting part 32 can reduce the shaking range of the heat exchanging member 20 and the battery unit 10, and improve the performance of the battery. 2 overall stability.
  • the limiting portion 32 can be connected to the second plate body 22 by means of riveting, bolting, welding, bonding, etc., so as to increase the overall structural strength of the battery 2 and improve stability.
  • a heat insulating structure may also be provided between the limiting portion 32 and the second plate body 22 to hinder the heat transfer between the second plate body 22 and the limiting portion 32 and reduce the impact of the limiting portion 32 on the The influence of the temperature of the second plate body 22 .
  • the heat insulation structure between the limiting portion 32 and the second plate body 22 includes but not limited to gaps, heat insulation layers (not shown) and other structures.
  • the second board 22 includes a second main body 222 , a third protrusion 223 and a fourth protrusion 224 , and the third protrusion 223 and the fourth protrusion 224 protrude from the second main body 222 .
  • the surface facing away from the receiving space 23 In the thickness direction of the second body part 222 , the dimension of the third protrusion 223 protruding from the first body part 212 is smaller than the dimension of the fourth protrusion 224 protruding from the first body part 212 , so that the fourth protrusion 224 is pressed against on the limiting part 32.
  • the second flow channel 221 communicating with the first flow channel 211 is formed inside the third protrusion 223 .
  • the second main body portion 222 is generally a flat plate structure, and the opposite surfaces of the second main body portion 222 along the thickness direction thereof are planes.
  • third protrusions 223 There may be one or more third protrusions 223 .
  • a second flow channel 221 is provided in each third convex part 223; the second flow channels 221 of multiple third convex parts 223 can be connected directly, or can be connected through other communication structures. communication, such as connecting pipelines, etc.
  • the fourth protrusion 224 may be circular, rectangular, racetrack-shaped, oval or other shapes.
  • the fourth protrusion 224 protrudes from the second main body 222 to a greater extent than the third protrusion 223 protrudes from the second main body 222 .
  • the third protrusion 223, by setting the third protrusion 223, the local thickness of the second plate body 22 can be increased, more space can be provided for the second flow channel 221, and the flow area of the second flow channel 221 can be increased. , improve heat transfer efficiency.
  • the third protrusion 223 protrudes toward the side away from the accommodation space 23 , so as to increase the flow area of the second flow channel 221 and prevent the second flow channel 221 from occupying the accommodation space 23 .
  • the fourth protrusion 224 can act as a stopper, The possibility of the components outside the second plate body 22 pressing against the third protrusion 223 is reduced, and the risk of deformation and blockage of the second flow channel 221 is reduced.
  • the two limiting parts 32 clamp the heat exchange member 20 from both sides through the fourth convex part 224 to increase the connection strength between the heat exchange member 20 and the support member 30 and improve the stability.
  • the fourth convex portion 224 by setting the fourth convex portion 224, the third convex portion 223 and the second main body portion 222 can be separated from the limiting portion 32, and the contact area between the limiting portion 32 and the second plate body 22 can be reduced to prevent The heat transfer between the second plate body 22 and the limiting portion 32 reduces the influence of the limiting portion 32 on the temperature of the second plate body 22 .
  • the limiting portion 32 may or may not overlap the third convex portion 223 . Even if the limiting portion 32 and the third convex portion 223 overlap in the first direction Y, the fourth convex portion 224 can stretch the limiting portion 32 to space the limiting portion 32 and the third convex portion 223 to avoid the second The three convex portions 223 are pressed by the limiting portion 32 to reduce the heat transfer between the third convex portion 223 and the limiting portion 32 .
  • the second plate body 22 is provided with a second concave portion 225 at a position corresponding to the fourth convex portion 224 , and the second concave portion 225 is recessed relative to the surface of the second main body portion 222 facing the accommodating space 23 .
  • the second concave portion 225 can reduce the weight of the second plate body 22 and increase the elasticity of the fourth convex portion 224 so that the fourth convex portion 224 has a certain buffering effect.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange component of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first flow channel and the second flow channel are communicated at the junction of the first plate body 21 and the second plate body 22 .
  • the first flow channel and the second flow channel inside the heat exchange component 20 are directly connected, and there is no need to arrange other structures to connect the first flow channel and the second flow channel, thereby simplifying the structure of the heat exchange component 20 .
  • the first flow channel is located inside the first convex portion 213, and the second flow channel is located inside the third convex portion 223; the first convex portion 213 and the third convex portion 223 are connected so that The first flow channel and the second flow channel are directly connected.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange component of a battery provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the heat exchange component 20 further includes a connecting pipeline 24 communicating the first flow channel with the second flow channel.
  • connection between the first flow channel and the second flow channel can be made more flexible by using the connecting pipeline 24 .
  • the first channel is located inside the first protrusion
  • the second channel is located inside the third protrusion 223 .
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the battery shown in FIG. 3 at the circle A.
  • the battery 2 further includes two end plates 50, the two end plates 50 are respectively located at the two ends of the battery unit 10 along the second direction X and clamp the battery unit 10. , the two ends of the end plate 50 in the first direction Y are respectively connected to the two second plate bodies 22 . Both ends of the support portion 31 along the second direction X have installation areas 311 protruding to the outside of the end plate 50 and used for fixing to an external frame.
  • Two ends of the end plate 50 in the first direction Y may be connected to the two second plate bodies 22 by means of welding or the like.
  • the two end plates 50 and the two second plates 22 form a frame structure to fix the battery cells 11 .
  • the heat exchange member 20 of this embodiment is connected to the end plate 50 through the second plate body 22 , which can improve the stability of the first plate body and reduce the risk of separation of the first plate body and the battery cells 11 when the battery 2 shakes.
  • the mounting area 311 of the support part 31 protrudes to the outside of the end plate 50, so that the support part 31 can be directly fixed to the external frame (such as the chassis of the vehicle), so as to prevent the end plate 50 from interfering with the connection between the support part 31 and the external frame, and simplify the battery 2 Structure.
  • the battery 2 further includes a joint 60 , at least part of the first plate protrudes outside the end plate 50 and is used for installing the joint 60 , and the joint 60 communicates with the first flow channel.
  • the connector 60 is used to connect with the external liquid supply pipeline.
  • the joint 60 may include a liquid inlet joint and a liquid outlet joint, through which the heat exchange medium flows into the first flow channel, and then flows out through the liquid outlet joint.
  • the first plate body may include two protruding regions 216 , and each protruding region 216 protrudes to the outside of the end plate 50 and is respectively used for installing a liquid inlet joint and a liquid outlet joint.
  • the two protruding regions 216 can be respectively located at two ends of the first plate along the second direction X, or can be located at the same end of the first plate along the second direction X.
  • the joint 60 is installed outside the end plate 50, so the external liquid supply pipeline does not need to pass through the end plate 50, which can simplify the structure of the battery 2 and make the arrangement of the external liquid supply pipeline more flexible.
  • the installation area 311 has a through installation hole 312, and the installation hole 312 is used for passing the external connecting piece, so as to be fixed to the external frame through the external connecting piece.
  • the mounting hole 312 is not covered by the heat exchange member 20 .
  • the external connections may be fasteners, such as bolts.
  • the mounting hole 312 may be a threaded hole or a through hole without thread.
  • the installation hole 312 is not covered by the heat exchange member 20, which can prevent the heat exchange member 20 from interfering with the installation of external connectors, and simplify the installation process of the battery 2 and the external frame.
  • the protruding area 216 and the installation hole 312 are arranged at intervals in the first direction Y, which can reduce the risk of interference between the joint 60 and the external connecting parts.
  • both the end plate 50 and the second plate body 22 exceed the battery cell 11 , and the two end plates 50 and the two second plate bodies 22 are away from the support portion 31 .
  • An opening is formed at one end.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of batteries provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 2 further includes a cover plate 70, the cover plate 70 is located on the side of the battery unit away from the support portion 31 and is connected to the end plate 50 and the second plate body 22 to close the opening. .
  • the cover plate 70 can be a plate-like structure, or a hollow structure with one side open.
  • the cover plate 70 can be connected to the end plate 50 and the second plate body 22 by welding, riveting, bonding or other methods.
  • the cover plate 70 , the end plate 50 and the heat exchange member 20 enclose a liquid-enclosed space for accommodating the battery cells, so as to prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cells do not need to be protected by a box, and the battery 2 of this embodiment can be directly installed on the electrical device, thereby improving space utilization and reducing the use of parts.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a battery manufacturing method provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery, including:
  • the heat exchange component includes a first plate body and two second plate bodies, the two second plate bodies are respectively connected to both ends of the first plate body along the first direction, the second plate body and the second plate body There is a predetermined angle between one plate body, the first plate body and the two second plate bodies enclose the accommodation space, and the first plate body is provided with a first flow channel for the heat exchange medium to flow;
  • the support part Connect the support part to the first plate body, the support part is located on the side of the first plate body away from the accommodation space, and is used to support the heat exchange component, and a heat insulation structure is provided between the support part and the first plate body;
  • the battery unit includes a plurality of battery cells sequentially arranged along a second direction, and the second direction intersects the first direction;
  • steps S100, S200, and S400 are executed in no particular order, and may also be executed simultaneously.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a battery manufacturing system provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery manufacturing system 90, including:
  • the first providing device 91 is used to provide a heat exchange member, the heat exchange member includes a first plate body and two second plate bodies, and the two second plate bodies are respectively connected to both ends of the first plate body along the first direction, There is a preset angle between the second plate body and the first plate body, the first plate body and the two second plate bodies enclose an accommodation space, and the first plate body is provided with a first flow channel for the heat exchange medium to flow;
  • the second providing device 92 is used for providing a support member, and the support member includes a support portion;
  • the first assembling device 93 is used to connect the support part to the first plate body, the support part is located on the side of the first plate body away from the accommodation space, and is used to support the heat exchange component, and the support part and the first plate body are provided with With heat insulation structure;
  • the third providing device 94 is configured to provide a battery unit, the battery unit includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in sequence along a second direction, and the second direction intersects the first direction;
  • the second assembling device 95 is used for at least partially placing the battery unit into the accommodation space of the heat exchange component, and the heat exchange component is used for adjusting the temperature of the battery unit.

Abstract

本申请提供了一种电池、用电装置以及电池的制造方法和制造系统。电池包括：换热构件，包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个第二板体分别连接于第一板体沿第一方向的两端，第二板体与第一板体之间具有预设角度，第一板体和两个第二板体围成容纳空间，第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；电池单元，电池单元至少部分容纳于换热构件的容纳空间，电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，换热构件用于调节电池单体的温度，第二方向与第一方向相交；支撑构件，包括位于第一板体的背离容纳空间的一侧的支撑部，支撑部连接于第一板体并用于支撑换热构件，支撑部与第一板体之间设有隔热结构。本申请能改善换热效果，使电池在适宜的温度内工作。

Description

电池、用电装置以及电池的制造方法和制造系统 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种电池、用电装置以及电池的制造方法和制造系统。
背景技术
电池单体广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。电池单体可以包括镉镍电池单体、氢镍电池单体、锂离子电池单体和二次碱性锌锰电池单体等。
电池通常包括多个电池单体，多个电池单体通过汇流部件电连接。各电池单体在工作过程中产热，因此，电池的多个电池单体的产热容易累积，造成电池单体的温度升高。电池单体的工作温度一般在20～40度范围内时，其充放电性能最佳，寿命最好。如何将电池中的电池单体的工作温度控制在合适的范围内，是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池、用电装置以及电池的制造方法和制造系统，其能改善换热效果，使电池的电池单体在适宜的温度内工作。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括：
换热构件，包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个第二板体分别连接于第一板体沿第一方向的两端，第二板体与第一板体之间具有预设角度，第一板体和两个第二板体围成容纳空间，第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；
电池单元，电池单元至少部分容纳于换热构件的容纳空间，电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，换热构件用于调节电池单体的温度，第二方向与第一方向相交；以及
支撑构件，包括位于第一板体的背离容纳空间的一侧的支撑部，支撑部连接于第一板体并用于支撑换热构件，支撑部与第一板体之间设有隔热结构。
上述方案中，第一板体能够与电池单体换热，以使电池单体在适宜的温度下工作，改善电池单体的使用性能。两个第二板体可以从两侧固定电池单体，提高电池的结构强度和稳定性。支撑部可以直接安装到用电装置上，这样可以省去传统的箱体，提高空间利用率，减少零部件的使用。隔热结构可以减少换热构件与支撑构件之间的 传热，保证电池单体与换热构件之间的换热速率，及时将电池单体调节到适宜的工作温度，延长电池的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，隔热结构包括间隙，间隙设在支撑部和第一板体之间的至少局部区域。
上述方案中，间隙将第一板体的至少部分与支撑部隔开，以减小第一板体和支撑部之间的接触面积，降低第一板体和支撑部之间的传热速率。
在一些实施例中，隔热结构还包括隔热层，隔热层设置在间隙内。
上述方案中，隔热层能够阻碍第一板体和支撑部之间的热量传递，降低支撑部对第一板体的温度的影响。
在一些实施例中，第一板体包括第一主体部、第一凸部和第二凸部，第一凸部和第二凸部凸出于第一主体部的背离容纳空间的表面。在第一主体部的厚度方向上，第一凸部凸出第一主体部的尺寸小于第二凸部凸出第一主体部的尺寸，第二凸部用以在支撑部的表面支撑第一主体部；支撑部与第一凸部之间形成间隙的至少部分。第一凸部的内部形成第一流道。
上述方案中，通过设置第一凸部，可以增大第一板体的局部厚度，为第一流道提供更多的空间，增大第一流道的过流面积，提高换热效率。第一凸部朝背离容纳空间的一侧凸出，这样可以在增大第一流道的过流面积的同时，避免第一流道占用容纳空间。支撑部与第一凸部间隔设置，因此，电池单体等构件的重力载荷通过第二凸部传递到支撑部上，而不会通过第一凸部传递到支撑部上，这样能够减小第一凸部的受力，降低第一流道变形、阻塞的风险。支撑部与第一凸部间隔设置，这样可以增大第一流道内的换热介质与支撑部之间的导热路径，降低换热介质与支撑部之间的传热速率，减小支撑部的温度对换热介质的影响，保证换热构件与电池单体之间的换热效率。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括两个端板，两个端板分别位于电池单元沿第二方向的两端并夹持电池单元，端板在第一方向的两个端部分别连接两个第二板体。支撑部沿第二方向的两端具有安装区，安装区伸出到端板的外侧并用于固定到外部框架。
上述方案中，换热构件通过第二板体连接到端板，这样能够提高第一板体的稳定性，降低第一板体和电池单体在电池晃动时分离的风险。支撑部的安装区伸出到端板的外侧，这样支撑部可以直接固定到外部框架，避免端板干涉支撑部与外部框架的连接，简化电池的结构。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括接头，第一板体的至少部分凸出到端板的外侧并用于安装接头，接头与第一流道连通。
上述方案中，接头安装在端板的外侧，因此外部供液管路无需穿过端板，这样可以简化电池的结构，使外部供液管路的布置更为灵活。
在一些实施例中，安装区具有贯通的安装孔，安装孔用于供外部连接件穿过，以通过外部连接件固定到外部框架；在支撑部的厚度方向上，安装孔未被换热构件覆盖。
上述方案中，安装孔未被换热构件覆盖，这样可以避免换热构件干涉外部连接件的安装，简化电池与外部框架的安装工艺。
在一些实施例中，沿背离支撑部的方向，端板和第二板体均超出电池单体，且两个端板和两个第二板体在背离支撑部的一端形成开口。电池还包括盖板，盖板位于电池单元的背离支撑部的一侧并连接于端板和第二板体，以封闭开口。
上述方案中，盖板、端板和换热构件围成用于容纳电池单体的液体封闭空间，以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。电池单体无需箱体的保护，本实施例的电池可以直接安装到用电装置上，从而省提高空间利用率，减少零部件的使用。
在一些实施例中，支撑构件还包括两个限位部，两个限位部位于支撑部面向换热构件的一侧并连接于支撑部；在第一方向上，两个第二板体位于两个限位部之间。
上述方案中，限位部能够从第一方向的两侧限制换热构件和电池单元，在电池晃动时，限位部能够减小换热构件和电池单元的晃动幅度，提高电池整体的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，第二板体包括第二主体部、第三凸部和第四凸部，第三凸部和第四凸部凸出于第二主体部的背离容纳空间的表面。在第二主体部的厚度方向上，第三凸部凸出第一主体部的尺寸小于第四凸部凸出第一主体部的尺寸，以使第四凸部抵压于限位部。第三凸部的内部形成与第一流道连通的第二流道。
上述方案中，通过设置第三凸部，可以增大第二板体的局部厚度，为第二流道提供更多的空间，增大第二流道的过流面积，提高换热效率。第三凸部朝背离容纳空间的一侧凸出，这样可以在增大第二流道的过流面积的同时，避免第二流道占用容纳空间。由于第三凸部凸出第二主体部的尺寸小于第四凸部凸出第二主体部的尺寸，所以在电池晃动时，第四凸部可以起到止挡作用，减小第二板体外侧的构件挤压第三凸部的可能性，降低第二流道变形、阻塞的风险。两个限位部通过第四凸部从两侧夹持换热构件，以增大换热构件与支撑构件之间的连接强度，提高稳定性。本实施例通过设置第四凸部，可以将第三凸部和第二主体部与限位部隔开，减小限位部和第二板体的接触面积，以阻碍第二板体和限位部之间的热量传递，降低限位部对第二板体的温度的影响。
在一些实施例中，第二板体内部设有与第一流道连通的第二流道。
上述方案中，第一板体能够从下方与电池单体进行换热，第二板体能够从侧方与电池单体进行换热，这样能够增大电池单体的换热面积、提高换热效率，减小电池单体在第一板体的厚度方向上的温差，改善电池单体温度的一致性，提高电池单体的工作性能。本申请实施例将第一流道和第二流道连通，这样无需将第一流道和第二流道与外部供液管路分别连接，从而简化换热构件与外部供液管路之间的连接结构。
在一些实施例中，第一流道和第二流道在第一板体和第二板体的连接处连通；或者，换热构件还包括连接管路，将第一流道和第二流道连通。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括第一方面任一实施例的电池，电池用于提供电能。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池的制造方法，包括：
提供换热构件，换热构件包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个第二板体分别连接于第一板体沿第一方向的两端，第二板体与第一板体之间具有预设角度，第一板体和两个第二板体围成容纳空间，第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；
提供支撑构件，支撑构件包括支撑部；
将支撑部连接于第一板体，支撑部位于第一板体的背离容纳空间的一侧，并用于支撑换热构件，支撑部与第一板体之间设有隔热结构；
提供电池单元，电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，第二方向与第一方向相交；
将电池单元至少部分放置到换热构件的容纳空间，换热构件用于调节电池单体的温度。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池的制造系统，包括：
第一提供装置，用于提供换热构件，换热构件包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个第二板体分别连接于第一板体沿第一方向的两端，第二板体与第一板体之间具有预设角度，第一板体和两个第二板体围成容纳空间，第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；
第二提供装置，用于提供支撑构件，支撑构件包括支撑部；
第一组装装置，用于将支撑部连接于第一板体，支撑部位于第一板体的背离容纳空间的一侧，并用于支撑换热构件，支撑部与第一板体之间设有隔热结构；
第三提供装置，用于提供电池单元，电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，第二方向与第一方向相交；
第二组装装置，用于将电池单元至少部分放置到换热构件的容纳空间，换热构件用于调节电池单体的温度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图；
图3为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示的电池的换热构件和支撑构件的结构示意图；
图5为图4所示的换热构件和支撑构件的剖视示意图；
图6为图5在圆框B处的放大示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的换热构件的结构示意图；
图8为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的换热构件的结构示意图；
图9为图3所示的电池在圆框A处的放大示意图；
图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图11为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的制造方法的流程示意图；
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的制造系统的示意性框图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体 可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解质，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和凸出于正极集流部的正极极耳，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极极耳的至少部分未涂覆正极活性物质层。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和凸出于负极集流部的负极极耳，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极极耳的至少部分未涂覆负极活性物质层。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池单体在充放电的过程中会产生热量，当多个电池单体成组使用时，这些热量可能会聚集在一起，如果没有有效地去除这些热量，将会导致电池单体升温，加速电池单体的老化。另外，温度过高还容易引发热失控，造成安全风险。在电池单体处于低温环境时，会缩短使用寿命，减弱放电能力。
发明人尝试在电池中设置换热构件，以将电池单体的工作温度控制在合适的范围。具体地，换热构件内部通常设有流道，外部的换热介质在流经换热构件的流道时，换热介质通过换热构件与电池单体进行换热，以调节电池单体的温度。换热构件通常需要设置在承载结构上，承载结构用于支撑换热构件和电池单体。然而，发明人发现，换热构件容易受到承载结构的温度的影响，换热构件同时与电池单体和承载结构换热，导致电池单体与换热构件的换热速率降低，无法及时调节电池单体的工作温度。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括：换热构件，包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个第二板体分别连接于第一板体沿第一方向的两端，第二板体与第一板体之间具有预设角度，第一板体和两个第二板体围成容纳空间，第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；电池单元，电池单元至少部分容纳于换热构件的容纳空间，电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，换热构件用于调节电池单体的温度，第二方向与第一方向相交；以及支撑构件，包括位于第一板体的背离容纳空间的一侧的支撑部，支撑部连接于第一板体并用于支撑换热构件，支撑部与第一板体之间设有隔热结构。本申请实施例在换热构件和支撑构件之间设置隔热结构，以减少换热构件与支撑构件之间的换热，保证电池单体与换热构件之间的换热速率，及时将电池单体调节到适宜的工作温度。
本申请实施例描述的电池适用于使用电池的用电装置。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可 以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图。如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池2，电池2可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池2可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池2可以作为车辆1的操作电源。
车辆1还可以包括控制器3和马达4，控制器3用来控制电池2为马达4供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池2不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图。
如图2所示，电池2包括箱体5和电池单体(图2未示出)，电池单体容纳于箱体5内。
箱体5用于容纳电池单体，箱体5可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体5可以包括第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52，第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52相互盖合，第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52共同限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间53。第二箱体部52可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部51为板状结构，第一箱体部51盖合于第二箱体部52的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间53的箱体5；第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52也均可以是一侧开口的空心结构，第一箱体部51的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部52的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间53的箱体5。当然，第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52连接后的密封性，第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部51盖合于第二箱体部52的顶部，第一箱体部51亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部52亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池2中，电池单体为多个。多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体5内；当然，也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块6，多个电池模块6再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体5内。
电池2的箱体5用于安装到用电装置上，例如，箱体可通过紧固件安装到车辆的底盘。箱体5可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
图3为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；图4为图3所示的电池的换热构件和支撑构件的结构示意图；图5为图4所示的换热构件和支撑构件的剖视示 意图；图6为图5在圆框B处的放大示意图。
如图3至图6所示，本申请实施例提供了一种电池2，包括：换热构件20，包括第一板体21和两个第二板体22，两个第二板体22分别连接于第一板体21沿第一方向Y的两端，第二板体22与第一板体21之间具有预设角度，第一板体21和两个第二板体22围成容纳空间23，第一板体21设有供换热介质流动的第一流道211；电池单元10，电池单元10至少部分容纳于换热构件20的容纳空间23，电池单元10包括沿第二方向X依次布置的多个电池单体11，换热构件20用于调节电池单体11的温度，第二方向X与第一方向Y相交；以及支撑构件30，包括位于第一板体21的背离容纳空间23的一侧的支撑部31，支撑部31连接于第一板体21并用于支撑换热构件20，支撑部31与第一板体21之间设有隔热结构40。
电池单元10可为一个或多个。例如，电池2包括多个电池单元10，多个电池单元10沿第一方向Y布置。可选地，第一方向Y垂直于第二方向X。例如，在图3中，电池单元10为两个，换言之，多个电池单体11排成两列。
电池单体11连接于换热构件20。可选地，电池单体11通过导热胶粘接于第一板体21和第二板体22。
电池2中的多个电池单体11之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现电池2中的多个电池单体11的并联或串联或混联。
换热构件20用于调节电池单体11的温度，以使电池单体11在适宜的温度下工作。示例性地，在电池2中，第一板体21位于电池单元10的多个电池单体11的下方，第一板体21用于支撑电池单体11并调节电池单体11的温度。
第一流道211用于与外部供液管路连通，换热介质在第一流道211和外部供液管路之间循环流动，以通过第一板体21与电池单体11热交换，使电池单体11在适宜的温度下工作。换热介质可为液体。
第一板体21由导热材料制成，例如，第一板体21由导热金属制成。
本实施例可通过挤出成型、吹胀成型或冲压成型等工艺在第一板体21上形成第一流道211。
第一板体21可与第二板体22一体设置；例如，第一板体21和第二板体22通过折弯板材来一体地成型。当然，第一板体21也可与第二板体22分体设置，例如，第一板体21和第二板体22可通过焊接、粘接、卡接或其它方式连接。
第二板体22与第一板体21之间的角度可根据需要设定，本实施例对此不作限定。示例性地，第二板体22与第一板体21之间的角度为80°-100°。换热构件20大体为U形结构。
在电池2中，两个第二板体22分别位于电池单元10沿第一方向Y的两侧，其可以起到固定电池单元10、提高电池2整体强度的作用。第二板体22还可具有换热功能，以从侧方调节电池单体11的温度。当然，第二板体22的换热功能也可省去。
支撑部31连接于第一板体21，以提高电池2的结构强度，避免换热构件20相对于支撑部31滑动。示例性地，支撑部31可以采用铆接、螺栓连接、焊接、粘接或其它方式连接到第一板体21。
支撑部31为电池2的承载结构，用于承载换热构件20、电池单体11等构件。支撑部31对提高电池2的结构强度具有重要的作用，其具有较高的强度。
支撑部31具有较高的强度，所以支撑部31可以直接安装到用电装置上(例如车辆的底盘)，这样可以省去传统的箱体，提高空间利用率，减少零部件的使用。可替代地，一个或多个本申请实施例的电池2也可以先装配到箱体内，再通过箱体安装到用电装置上。
支撑部31可以与换热构件20接触，以直接支撑换热构件20，也可以通过其它构件间接地支撑换热构件20。
隔热结构40用于将第一板体21的至少部分与支撑部31隔开，以降低支撑部31与第一板体21之间的传热速率。隔热结构40可以是由导热系数较低的材料制成的实体结构，也可以是间隙等空间结构，本实施例对此不作限定。
在本申请实施例中，第一板体21能够与电池单体11换热，以使电池单体11在适宜的温度下工作，改善电池单体11的使用性能。两个第二板体22可以从两侧固定电池单体11，提高电池2的结构强度和稳定性。支撑部31可以直接安装到用电装置上，这样可以省去传统的箱体，提高空间利用率，减少零部件的使用。隔热结构40可以减少换热构件20与支撑构件30之间的传热，保证电池单体11与换热构件20之间的换热速率，及时将电池单体11调节到适宜的工作温度，延长电池2的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，隔热结构40包括间隙41，间隙41设在支撑部31和第一板体21之间的至少局部区域。
间隙41内可以填充隔热材料，也可以不填充隔热材料。
间隙41将第一板体21的至少部分与支撑部31隔开，以减小第一板体21和支撑部31之间的接触面积，降低第一板体21和支撑部31之间的传热速率。
在一些实施例中，隔热结构40还包括隔热层42，隔热层42设置在间隙41内。
隔热层42可以将第一板体21和支撑部31之间的间隙41填满，也可以仅填充该间隙41的一部分。
隔热层42可以是整体一块，也可以是分离的多块。
隔热层42的导热系数小于支撑部31的导热系数和第一板体21的导热系数。
隔热层42能够阻碍第一板体21和支撑部31之间的热量传递，降低支撑部31对第一板体21的温度的影响。需要说明的是，隔热层42并不要求完全隔热，只要能降低热传导效率即可，优选非金属材料。例如，隔热层42可采用玻璃纤维、石棉、岩棉、硅酸盐或者气凝胶毡等。
可选地，隔热层42兼具连接功能，其能将第一板体21可靠地固定在支撑部31上，提高整个电池2的结构强度。例如，隔热层42由粘接剂固化而成。
可选地，隔热层42兼具缓冲功能。隔热层42具有较好的弹性，在电池2晃动时，隔热层42能够起到缓冲作用，以减小第一板体21受到的冲击力，降低第一流道211变形、阻塞的风险。
在一些实施例中，第一板体21包括第一主体部212、第一凸部213和第二凸部214，第一凸部213和第二凸部214凸出于第一主体部212的背离容纳空间23的表面。 在第一主体部212的厚度方向上，第一凸部213凸出第一主体部212的尺寸小于第二凸部214凸出第一主体部212的尺寸，第二凸部214用以在支撑部31的表面支撑第一主体部212；支撑部31与第一凸部213之间形成间隙41的至少部分。第一凸部213的内部形成第一流道211。
第一主体部212大体为平板结构，第一主体部212沿自身厚度方向相对设置的表面为平面。
第一凸部213可为一个或多个。第一凸部213为多个时，各第一凸部213内均设有第一流道211；多个第一凸部213的第一流道211可以直接连通，也可以通过其它连通结构相连通，例如连接管路等。
第二凸部214可为一个或多个。第二凸部214可以为圆形、矩形、跑道形、椭圆形或其它形状。第二凸部214可以采用铆接、螺栓连接、焊接、粘接等方式连接到支撑部31。可选地，每一个电池单体11的下侧均设有第二凸部214，这样换热构件20能够更均匀地将重力载荷传递到支撑部31上，以降低应力集中。
第二凸部214凸出第一主体部212的程度大于第一凸部213凸出第一主体部212的程度，所以第二凸部214会抵压在支撑部31上，以撑开第一主体部212和第一凸部213，并将第一凸部213和支撑部31间隔开。
在本申请实施例中，通过设置第一凸部213，可以增大第一板体21的局部厚度，为第一流道211提供更多的空间，增大第一流道211的过流面积，提高换热效率。第一凸部213朝背离容纳空间23的一侧凸出，这样可以在增大第一流道211的过流面积的同时，避免第一流道211占用容纳空间23。支撑部31与第一凸部213间隔设置，因此，电池单体11等构件的重力载荷通过第二凸部214传递到支撑部31上，而不会通过第一凸部213传递到支撑部31上，这样能够减小第一凸部213的受力，降低第一流道211变形、阻塞的风险。支撑部31与第一凸部213间隔设置，这样可以增大第一流道211内的换热介质与支撑部31之间的导热路径，降低换热介质与支撑部31之间的传热速率，减小支撑部31的温度对换热介质的影响，保证换热构件20与电池单体11之间的换热效率。
在一些实施例中，第一板体21在与第二凸部214对应的位置设有第一凹部215，第一凹部215相对于第一主体部212的面向容纳空间23的表面凹陷。第一凹部215能够减小第一板体21的重量，提升第二凸部214的弹性，使第二凸部214具有一定的缓冲作用。
在一些实施例中，第二板体22内部设有第二流道221。第二流道221用于与外部供液管路连通，换热介质在第二流道221和外部供液管路之间循环流动，以通过第二板体22与电池单体11热交换，使电池单体11在适宜的温度下工作。
第二流道221可以与第一流道211连通，也可以不与第一流道211连通，本实施例对此不作限制。
在本实施例中，第一板体21能够从下方与电池单体11进行换热，第二板体22能够从侧方与电池单体11进行换热，这样能够增大电池单体11的换热面积、提高换热效率，减小电池单体11在第一板体21的厚度方向上的温差，改善电池单体11温度的 一致性，提高电池单体11的工作性能。
在一些实施例中，第二板体22内部设有与第一流道211连通的第二流道221。
第二流道221可以与第一流道211直接连通，也可以通过其它构件与第一流道211间接连通，本实施例对此不作限制。
本申请实施例将第一流道211和第二流道221连通，这样无需将第一流道211和第二流道221与外部供液管路分别连接，从而简化换热构件20与外部供液管路之间的连接结构。
在一些实施例中，支撑构件30还包括两个限位部32，两个限位部32位于支撑部31面向换热构件20的一侧并连接于支撑部31；在第一方向Y上，两个第二板体22位于两个限位部32之间。
限位部32可以与支撑部31一体成型，也可以通过焊接、铆接、粘接等方式连接到支撑部31。
限位部32与支撑部31之间呈一定的角度。可选地，限位部32与支撑部31之间的夹角为80°-100°。
限位部32能够从第一方向Y的两侧限制换热构件20和电池单元10，在电池2晃动时，限位部32能够减小换热构件20和电池单元10的晃动幅度，提高电池2整体的稳定性。
限位部32可以采用铆接、螺栓连接、焊接、粘接等方式连接到第二板体22，以增大电池2整体的结构强度，提高稳定性。
在一些实施例中，限位部32和第二板体22之间也可设置有隔热结构，以阻碍第二板体22和限位部32之间的热量传递，降低限位部32对第二板体22的温度的影响。限位部32和第二板体22之间的隔热结构包括但不限于间隙、隔热层(未示出)等结构。
在一些实施例中，第二板体22包括第二主体部222、第三凸部223和第四凸部224，第三凸部223和第四凸部224凸出于第二主体部222的背离容纳空间23的表面。在第二主体部222的厚度方向上，第三凸部223凸出第一主体部212的尺寸小于第四凸部224凸出第一主体部212的尺寸，以使第四凸部224抵压于限位部32。第三凸部223的内部形成与第一流道211连通的第二流道221。
第二主体部222大体为平板结构，第二主体部222沿自身厚度方向相对设置的表面为平面。
第三凸部223可为一个或多个。第三凸部223为多个时，各第三凸部223内均设有第二流道221；多个第三凸部223的第二流道221可以直接连通，也可以通过其它连通结构相连通，例如连接管路等。
第四凸部224可为一个或多个。第四凸部224可以为圆形、矩形、跑道形、椭圆形或其它形状。
第四凸部224凸出第二主体部222的程度大于第三凸部223凸出第二主体部222的程度。
在本申请实施例中，通过设置第三凸部223，可以增大第二板体22的局部厚度， 为第二流道221提供更多的空间，增大第二流道221的过流面积，提高换热效率。第三凸部223朝背离容纳空间23的一侧凸出，这样可以在增大第二流道221的过流面积的同时，避免第二流道221占用容纳空间23。由于第三凸部223凸出第二主体部222的尺寸小于第四凸部224凸出第二主体部222的尺寸，所以在电池2晃动时，第四凸部224可以起到止挡作用，减小第二板体22外侧的构件挤压第三凸部223的可能性，降低第二流道221变形、阻塞的风险。
两个限位部32通过第四凸部224从两侧夹持换热构件20，以增大换热构件20与支撑构件30之间的连接强度，提高稳定性。本实施例通过设置第四凸部224，可以将第三凸部223和第二主体部222与限位部32隔开，减小限位部32和第二板体22的接触面积，以阻碍第二板体22和限位部32之间的热量传递，降低限位部32对第二板体22的温度的影响。
在第一方向Y上，限位部32可以与第三凸部223重叠，也可以不与第三凸部223重叠。即使限位部32与第三凸部223在第一方向Y上重叠，第四凸部224也能够撑开限位部32，以将限位部32和第三凸部223间隔开，避免第三凸部223受到限位部32的挤压，减少第三凸部223和限位部32之间的传热。
在一些实施例中，第二板体22在与第四凸部224对应的位置设有第二凹部225，第二凹部225相对于第二主体部222的面向容纳空间23的表面凹陷。第二凹部225能够减小第二板体22的重量，提升第四凸部224的弹性，使第四凸部224具有一定的缓冲作用。
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的换热构件的结构示意图。
如图7所示，第一流道和第二流道在第一板体21和第二板体22的连接处连通。本实施例中，换热构件20内部的第一流道和第二流道直接连通，无需设置其它的结构来连通第一流道和第二流道，从而简化换热构件20的结构。
示例性地，在图7中，第一流道位于第一凸部213的内部，第二流道位于第三凸部223的内部；第一凸部213和第三凸部223相连接，以使第一流道和第二流道直接连通。
图8为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的换热构件的结构示意图。
如图8所示，在一些实施例中，换热构件20还包括连接管路24，将第一流道和第二流道连通。
本实施例中，通过使用连接管路24可以使第一流道和第二流道的连通方式更为灵活。
示例性地，在图8中，第一流道位于第一凸部的内部，第二流道位于第三凸部223的内部。
图9为图3所示的电池在圆框A处的放大示意图。
请一并参照图3和图9，在一些实施例中，电池2还包括两个端板50，两个端板50分别位于电池单元10沿第二方向X的两端并夹持电池单元10，端板50在第一方向Y的两个端部分别连接两个第二板体22。支撑部31沿第二方向X的两端具有安装区311，安装区311伸出到端板50的外侧并用于固定到外部框架。
端板50在第一方向Y的两个端部可通过焊接等方式连接到两个第二板体22。两个端板50和两个第二板体22形成框体结构，以固定电池单体11。
本实施例的换热构件20通过第二板体22连接到端板50，这样能够提高第一板体的稳定性，降低第一板体和电池单体11在电池2晃动时分离的风险。支撑部31的安装区311伸出到端板50的外侧，这样支撑部31可以直接固定到外部框架(例如车辆的底盘)，避免端板50干涉支撑部31与外部框架的连接，简化电池2的结构。
在一些实施例中，电池2还包括接头60，第一板体的至少部分凸出到端板50的外侧并用于安装接头60，接头60与第一流道连通。
接头60用于与外部供液管路相连。接头60可包括进液接头和出液接头，换热介质经由进液接头流入第一流道，然后经由出液接头流出。
示例性地，第一板体可包括两个凸出区域216，各凸出区域216均凸出到端板50的外侧且分别用于安装进液接头和出液接头。两个凸出区域216可分别位于第一板体沿第二方向X的两端，也可位于第一板体沿第二方向X的同一端。
本实施例中，接头60安装在端板50的外侧，因此外部供液管路无需穿过端板50，这样可以简化电池2的结构，使外部供液管路的布置更为灵活。
在一些实施例中，安装区311具有贯通的安装孔312，安装孔312用于供外部连接件穿过，以通过外部连接件固定到外部框架。在支撑部31的厚度方向上，安装孔312未被换热构件20覆盖。
可选地，外部连接件可为紧固件，例如螺栓。
安装孔312可以为一个，也可以为多个。安装孔312可以是螺纹孔，也可以是无螺纹的通孔。
本实施例中，安装孔312未被换热构件20覆盖，这样可以避免换热构件20干涉外部连接件的安装，简化电池2与外部框架的安装工艺。
在一些实施例中，凸出区域216和安装孔312第一方向Y间隔设置，这样可以降低接头60和外部连接件干涉的风险。
在一些实施例中，沿背离支撑部31的方向，端板50和第二板体22均超出电池单体11，且两个端板50和两个第二板体22在背离支撑部31的一端形成开口。
图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图。如图10所示，在一些实施例中，电池2还包括盖板70，盖板70位于电池单元的背离支撑部31的一侧并连接于端板50和第二板体22，以封闭开口。
盖板70可以是板状结构，也可以是一侧开口的空心结构。
盖板70可通过焊接、铆接、粘接或其它方式连接到端板50和第二板体22。
盖板70、端板50和换热构件20围成用于容纳电池单体的液体封闭空间，以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。电池单体无需箱体的保护，本实施例的电池2可以直接安装到用电装置上，从而省提高空间利用率，减少零部件的使用。
图11为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的制造方法的流程示意图。
如图11所示，本申请实施例提供了一种电池的制造方法，包括：
S100、提供换热构件，换热构件包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个第二板体 分别连接于第一板体沿第一方向的两端，第二板体与第一板体之间具有预设角度，第一板体和两个第二板体围成容纳空间，第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；
S200、提供支撑构件，支撑构件包括支撑部；
S300、将支撑部连接于第一板体，支撑部位于第一板体的背离容纳空间的一侧，并用于支撑换热构件，支撑部与第一板体之间设有隔热结构；
S400、提供电池单元，电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，第二方向与第一方向相交；
S500、将电池单元至少部分放置到换热构件的容纳空间，换热构件用于调节电池单体的温度。
需要说明的是，通过上述电池的制造方法制造出的电池的相关结构，可参见上述各实施例提供的电池。
在基于上述的电池的制造方法组装电池时，不必按照上述步骤依次进行，也就是说，可以按照实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，也可以不同于实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，或者若干步骤同时执行。例如，步骤S100、S200、S400的执行不分先后，也可以同时进行。
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的制造系统的示意性框图。
如图12所示，本申请实施例提供了一种电池的制造系统90，包括：
第一提供装置91，用于提供换热构件，换热构件包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个第二板体分别连接于第一板体沿第一方向的两端，第二板体与第一板体之间具有预设角度，第一板体和两个第二板体围成容纳空间，第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；
第二提供装置92，用于提供支撑构件，支撑构件包括支撑部；
第一组装装置93，用于将支撑部连接于第一板体，支撑部位于第一板体的背离容纳空间的一侧，并用于支撑换热构件，支撑部与第一板体之间设有隔热结构；
第三提供装置94，用于提供电池单元，电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，第二方向与第一方向相交；
第二组装装置95，用于将电池单元至少部分放置到换热构件的容纳空间，换热构件用于调节电池单体的温度。
通过上述制造系统制造出的电池的相关结构，可参见上述各实施例提供的电池。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    换热构件，包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个所述第二板体分别连接于所述第一板体沿第一方向的两端，所述第二板体与所述第一板体之间具有预设角度，所述第一板体和两个所述第二板体围成容纳空间，所述第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；
    电池单元，所述电池单元至少部分容纳于所述换热构件的容纳空间，所述电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，所述换热构件用于调节所述电池单体的温度，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相交；以及
    支撑构件，包括位于所述第一板体的背离所述容纳空间的一侧的支撑部，所述支撑部连接于所述第一板体并用于支撑所述换热构件，所述支撑部与所述第一板体之间设有隔热结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述隔热结构包括间隙，所述间隙设在所述支撑部和所述第一板体之间的至少局部区域。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述隔热结构还包括隔热层，所述隔热层设置在所述间隙内。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池，其中，所述第一板体包括第一主体部、第一凸部和第二凸部，所述第一凸部和所述第二凸部凸出于所述第一主体部的背离所述容纳空间的表面；
    在所述第一主体部的厚度方向上，所述第一凸部凸出所述第一主体部的尺寸小于所述第二凸部凸出所述第一主体部的尺寸，所述第二凸部用以在所述支撑部的表面支撑所述第一主体部；所述支撑部与所述第一凸部之间形成所述间隙的至少部分；
    所述第一凸部的内部形成所述第一流道。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池，还包括两个端板，所述两个端板分别位于所述电池单元沿所述第二方向的两端并夹持所述电池单元，所述端板在所述第一方向的两个端部分别连接两个所述第二板体；
    所述支撑部沿所述第二方向的两端具有安装区，所述安装区伸出到所述端板的外侧并用于固定到外部框架。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，还包括接头，所述第一板体的至少部分凸出到所述端板的外侧并用于安装所述接头，所述接头与所述第一流道连通。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池，其中，所述安装区具有贯通的安装孔，所述安装孔用于供外部连接件穿过，以通过所述外部连接件固定到所述外部框架；在所述支撑部的厚度方向上，所述安装孔未被所述换热构件覆盖。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7任一项所述的电池，其中，沿背离所述支撑部的方向，所述端板和所述第二板体均超出所述电池单体，且两个所述端板和两个所述第二板体在背离所述支撑部的一端形成开口；
    所述电池还包括盖板，所述盖板位于所述电池单元的背离所述支撑部的一侧并连接于所述端板和所述第二板体，以封闭所述开口。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电池，其中，所述支撑构件还包括两个限位部，两个所述限位部位于所述支撑部面向所述换热构件的一侧并连接于所述支撑部；在所述第一方向上，两个所述第二板体位于两个所述限位部之间。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池，其中，所述第二板体包括第二主体部、第三凸部和第四凸部，所述第三凸部和所述第四凸部凸出于所述第二主体部的背离所述容纳空间的表面；
    在所述第二主体部的厚度方向上，所述第三凸部凸出所述第一主体部的尺寸小于所述第四凸部凸出所述第一主体部的尺寸，以使所述第四凸部抵压于所述限位部；
    所述第三凸部的内部形成与所述第一流道连通的第二流道。
  11. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述第二板体内部设有与所述第一流道连通的第二流道。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池，其中，所述第一流道和所述第二流道在所述第一板体和所述第二板体的连接处连通；或者
    所述换热构件还包括连接管路，将所述第一流道和所述第二流道连通。
  13. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  14. 一种电池的制造方法，包括：
    提供换热构件，所述换热构件包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个所述第二板体分别连接于所述第一板体沿第一方向的两端，所述第二板体与所述第一板体之间具有预设角度，所述第一板体和两个所述第二板体围成容纳空间，所述第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；
    提供支撑构件，所述支撑构件包括支撑部；
    将所述支撑部连接于所述第一板体，支撑部位于所述第一板体的背离所述容纳空间的一侧，并用于支撑所述换热构件，所述支撑部与所述第一板体之间设有隔热结构；
    提供电池单元，所述电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相交；
    将所述电池单元至少部分放置到所述换热构件的容纳空间，所述换热构件用于调节所述电池单体的温度。
  15. 一种电池的制造系统，包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供换热构件，所述换热构件包括第一板体和两个第二板体，两个所述第二板体分别连接于所述第一板体沿第一方向的两端，所述第二板体与所述第一板体之间具有预设角度，所述第一板体和两个所述第二板体围成容纳空间，所述第一板体设有供换热介质流动的第一流道；
    第二提供装置，用于提供支撑构件，所述支撑构件包括支撑部；
    第一组装装置，用于将所述支撑部连接于所述第一板体，支撑部位于所述第一板体的背离所述容纳空间的一侧，并用于支撑所述换热构件，所述支撑部与所述第一板 体之间设有隔热结构；
    第三提供装置，用于提供电池单元，所述电池单元包括沿第二方向依次布置的多个电池单体，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相交；
    第二组装装置，用于将所述电池单元至少部分放置到所述换热构件的容纳空间，所述换热构件用于调节所述电池单体的温度。
PCT/CN2021/109401 2021-07-29 2021-07-29 电池、用电装置以及电池的制造方法和制造系统 WO2023004720A1 (zh)

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