WO2024016453A1 - 电池单体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024016453A1
WO2024016453A1 PCT/CN2022/118495 CN2022118495W WO2024016453A1 WO 2024016453 A1 WO2024016453 A1 WO 2024016453A1 CN 2022118495 W CN2022118495 W CN 2022118495W WO 2024016453 A1 WO2024016453 A1 WO 2024016453A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery cell
top cover
cover assembly
mounting hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/118495
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘彦宇
郑于炼
黄守君
陈新祥
陈龙
林蹬华
王鹏
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024016453A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024016453A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection.
  • battery technology is an important factor related to their development.
  • the battery is usually provided with an adapter component, which is used to electrically connect the top cover assembly and the electrode assembly.
  • the adapter component may reduce the battery life and performance.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, a battery and a power device, which can alleviate the problems of reduced battery life and battery performance caused by adapter components.
  • the application provides a battery cell, including a top cover assembly and an adapter component.
  • the top cover assembly includes a mounting hole, and the installation hole penetrates the top cover assembly along a first direction;
  • the adapter component includes a base and a protruding part.
  • the connecting portion of the base is provided in the mounting hole and spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the mounting hole.
  • the battery cell includes a top cover assembly and a transfer member.
  • the top cover assembly includes a mounting hole that penetrates the top cover assembly along the first direction.
  • the mounting hole is used to accommodate the transfer member.
  • the transfer member is To connect the electrode assembly and the electrode terminal in the battery cell.
  • the adapter component includes a base portion and a connecting portion of the protruding base portion. The connection portion is provided in the mounting hole and is spaced apart from the mounting hole.
  • the minimum distance between the connecting portion and the mounting hole is L, where L is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm.
  • the minimum distance L between the connecting part and the mounting hole is greater than or equal to 0.1mm, which improves the problem during the welding process of the adapter component and the electrode terminal due to the small distance between the adapter component and the installation hole.
  • the transfer part moves, causing a large amount of welding heat to be introduced into the top cover assembly through the transfer part, causing the top cover assembly to become deformed or fail due to heat, which improves battery performance.
  • the connecting portion includes a top wall and a side wall, the top wall is away from the base and parallel to the base; the side wall surrounds the top wall and is connected between the top wall and the base.
  • connection part includes a top wall and a side wall.
  • the top wall is away from the base and parallel to the base.
  • the top wall is used to connect with the electrode terminal to output current outward;
  • the side wall surrounds the top wall and is connected to the base. Between the top wall and the base, the side walls provide support to the top wall.
  • the minimum distance L1 between the edge of the top wall and the mounting hole is 0.1mm ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • the top wall is the area where the adapter component and the electrode terminal are welded and connected.
  • the minimum distance L1 between the edge of the top wall and the mounting hole is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, which improves the The small distance between the top wall and the mounting hole causes the adapter components to move during the welding process, causing damage to the top cover assembly. It also improves the problem of reduced battery energy density caused by the excessive distance between the top wall edge and the mounting hole.
  • the area where the side wall is connected to the base is a raised area; the minimum distance L2 between the raised area and the mounting hole is 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm.
  • the distance between the edge of the raised area and the mounting hole is 0.8mm-1.2mm, which improves the problem of problems caused by the small distance between the edge of the raised area and the mounting hole.
  • the problem of low alignment accuracy during material processing and the collision and crushing of the adapter component and the top cover assembly has also been improved. It also improves the problem of reduced battery energy density due to the excessive distance between the edge of the raised area and the mounting hole.
  • the top wall includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and the first surface is located on a side away from the base relative to the second surface; a welding area is provided on the second surface, and the welding area is The diameter is d1, the diameter of the second surface is C, C ⁇ d1+2*L1.
  • the top wall includes a second surface close to the base. There is a welding zone in the second surface.
  • the diameter of the welding zone is d1.
  • the diameter of the second surface is C ⁇ d1+2*L1. The improvement is due to The diameter of the second surface is too small, and the welding effect is reduced due to movement of the adapter component during the welding process.
  • the diameter C of the second surface is greater than or equal to 10 mm.
  • the diameter C of the second surface is greater than or equal to 10 mm, which improves the problem that the diameter of the second surface is too small, resulting in the connection area between the top wall and the electrode terminal being too small, and the connection strength is insufficient.
  • the connecting part further includes a side wall connecting the top wall and the base part, and the angle ⁇ between the base part and the side wall close to the mounting hole is an obtuse angle.
  • the angle ⁇ between the base and the sidewall proximate the mounting hole is greater than or equal to 105°.
  • the angle between the base and the side wall close to the mounting hole is greater than or equal to 105°, which improves the problem of overlapping and loading jam of the transfer component due to the small angle between the base and the side wall.
  • the diameter of the first surface is B
  • the diameter of the raised area is A
  • the height of the adapter component in the thickness direction of the base is H
  • B A-2*H*cot(180- ⁇ )° .
  • the diameter of the first surface B A-2*H*cot(180- ⁇ )°.
  • the angle between the side wall and the base is an obtuse angle.
  • the two adapter components The adsorption force between them is low, which can improve the problem of stacking of transfer parts and alleviate the problem of loading jam caused by stacking of transfer parts.
  • the thickness of the adapter component is W
  • the diameter of the second surface is C
  • C (A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot(180- ⁇ )°.
  • the diameter of the second surface C (A-2W)-2*(H- W)*cot(180- ⁇ )°, at this time, the angle between the side wall and the base With an obtuse angle, the adsorption force between the two adapter parts is low, which can improve the problem of overlapping of adapter parts and alleviate the problem of loading jam caused by overlapping adapter parts.
  • the battery cell further includes a casing and an electrode assembly.
  • the top cover assembly is disposed at the opening of the casing.
  • the electrode assembly is located in the casing.
  • the electrode assembly includes an electrode body and an electrode body extending from the electrode body in a direction toward the top cover assembly.
  • the first pole and the second pole are electrically connected to the top cover assembly through the adapter component.
  • the battery cell further includes a case and an electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly includes a first tab and a second tab.
  • the first tab and the second tab are connected through an adapter component and a top cover. Components are electrically connected.
  • the present application also provides a battery, including the battery cell according to any of the above embodiments of the first aspect.
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, including the battery of the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a top view of a top cover assembly of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of position B in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an adapter component of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a top view of an adapter component of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of C in Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3 battery cells 31 top cover assembly, 32 shell, 33 electrode assembly, 331 pole tab, 332 electrode body, 3311 first pole tab, 3312 second pole tab, 311 electrode terminal, 34 insulator, 35 adapter component , 312 top cover plate, 313 mounting holes, 351 base, 352 connection part, 3521 top wall, 3522 side wall, 3521a first surface, 3521b second surface, 353 raised area, 3523 welding area, 3524 buffer area.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a removable connection.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector;
  • the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collecting part and a positive electrode tab connected to the positive electrode current collecting part.
  • the positive electrode current collecting part The positive electrode active material layer is coated, and the positive electrode tab is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the cathode current collector can be aluminum, and the cathode active material layer includes cathode active materials.
  • the cathode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collecting part and a negative electrode tab connected to the negative electrode current collecting part, and the negative electrode current collecting part The negative electrode active material layer is coated, and the negative electrode tab is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode current collector may be made of copper, and the negative electrode active material layer may include a negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the material of the isolator can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • an adapter component should be provided between the tab and the electrode terminal to achieve electrical connection, and the adapter component and the electrode terminal are fixed together by welding , during the welding process, the adapter parts may move.
  • the distance between the adapter part and the insulator will also change, which will cause the welding heat to be transferred to the insulator through the adapter part, which may cause deformation or ablation of the insulator, leading to isolation.
  • the sealing and insulation effects of the components are reduced or lost, which leads to a series of problems such as battery leakage and short circuit, resulting in a decrease in the life and performance of the battery cells.
  • the inventor realized that it is necessary to improve the positional relationship between the insulator and the adapter component.
  • the inventor designed a battery cell.
  • the minimum distance between the connection part of the adapter component and the insulator is not less than 0.1mm, and the minimum distance between the connection part and the insulator is larger.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, cell phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Electric drills Electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 2 is disposed inside the vehicle 1 , and the battery 2 can be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery may be used to power the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 11 and a motor 12.
  • the controller 11 is used to control the battery to provide power to the motor 12, for example, for the starting, navigation and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1 when driving.
  • the battery can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1 , but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • a battery can include multiple battery cells.
  • a battery cell refers to the smallest unit that makes up a battery module or battery pack. Multiple battery cells may be connected in series and/or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application include battery modules or battery packs. Among them, multiple battery cells can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed. Hybrid refers to a mixture of series and parallel.
  • multiple battery cells can be directly formed into a battery pack, or they can be formed into battery modules first, and then the battery modules can be formed into a battery pack.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery 2 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 2 includes a case 22 and battery cells (not shown), and the battery cells are accommodated in the case 22 .
  • the box 22 may be a single cuboid, a simple three-dimensional structure such as a cylinder or a sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of a simple three-dimensional structure such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder or a sphere, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the material of the box body 22 may be alloy materials such as aluminum alloy, iron alloy, etc., or may be polymer materials such as polycarbonate, polyisocyanurate foam, or composite materials such as glass fiber and epoxy resin. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the box 22 is used to accommodate battery cells, and the box 22 can be of various structures.
  • the box body 22 may include a first box body part 221 and a second box body part 222.
  • the first box body part 221 and the second box body part 222 cover each other.
  • the first box body part 221 and the second box body part 222 cover each other.
  • the two box portions 222 jointly define an accommodation space for accommodating battery cells.
  • the second box part 222 may be a hollow structure with one end open, the first box part may be a plate-like structure, and the first box part 221 may be covered with the open side of the second box part 222 to form a box with accommodating space.
  • first box part 221 and the second box part 222 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first box part 221 is covered with the open side of the second box part 222, so as to A box 22 having an accommodation space is formed.
  • first box part 221 and the second box part 222 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • a sealing member may also be provided between the first box part 221 and the second box part 222, such as sealant, sealing ring, etc. .
  • the first box part 221 can also be called an upper box cover, and the second box part 222 can also be called a lower box.
  • a battery there can be one or more battery cells. If there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series or parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells can be accommodated in the box 22; of course, multiple battery cells can also be connected in series or parallel first or
  • the battery modules 21 are composed of mixed connections, and multiple battery modules 21 are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 22 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the battery module 21 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 there are multiple battery cells 3 , and the plurality of battery cells are first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form the battery module 21 .
  • a plurality of battery modules 21 are connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box.
  • the plurality of battery cells 3 in the battery module 21 can be electrically connected through bus components to realize parallel, series or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 3 in the battery module 21 .
  • the battery cell 3 may include a lithium ion battery cell 3, a sodium ion battery cell 3, a magnesium ion battery cell 3, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the battery cell 3 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells 3 are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells 3, rectangular battery cells 3 and soft-pack battery cells 3. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. However, for the sake of simplicity of description, the following embodiments take the prismatic battery cell 3 as an example.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery cell 3 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 3 refers to the smallest unit that makes up the battery.
  • the battery cell 3 includes a case 32 , an electrode assembly 33 located in the case 32 , and a top cover assembly 31 covering the opening of the case 32 .
  • the top cover assembly 31 refers to a component that covers the opening of the housing 32 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 3 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the top cover assembly 31 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 32 to fit the housing 32 .
  • the top cover assembly 31 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the top cover assembly 31 is less likely to deform when subjected to extrusion and collision, so that the battery cell 3 can have better performance. With high structural strength, safety performance can also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals 311 may be provided on the top cover assembly 31 .
  • the electrode terminal 311 may be used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 33 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 3 .
  • the top cover assembly 31 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 3 reaches a threshold value.
  • the top cover assembly 31 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulating member (not shown in the figure) may also be provided inside the top cover assembly 31, and the insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 32 from the top cover assembly 31 to reduce short circuits. risks of. Insulation parts can be plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the housing 32 is a component used to cooperate with the top cover assembly 31 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 3 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 33 , electrolyte (not shown in the figure) and other components. .
  • the housing 32 and the top cover assembly 31 may be independent components.
  • An opening may be provided on the housing 32 and the top cover assembly 31 covers the opening at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 3 .
  • the top cover assembly 31 and the housing 32 can also be integrated. Specifically, the top cover assembly 31 and the housing 32 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When the housing 32 needs to be packaged, When inside, the top cover assembly 31 is then allowed to cover the housing 32 .
  • the housing 32 may be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 32 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 33 .
  • the housing 32 may be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 33 is a component in the battery cell 3 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 33 may be contained within the housing 32 .
  • the electrode assembly 33 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and usually a separator is provided between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets.
  • the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that contain active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, and the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that do not contain active material constitute the tabs 331 respectively.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or respectively located at both ends of the main body.
  • the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 331 are connected to the electrode terminals 311 to form a current loop.
  • Figure 5 is a top view of a top cover assembly of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is B in Figure 6.
  • an adapter component 35 is often provided between the tab 331 and the electrode terminal 311, and the tab 331 passes through the adapter component. 35 realizes electrical connection with the electrode terminal 311.
  • the connection method between the adapter component 35 and the electrode terminal 311 is usually welding.
  • the welding method may be laser welding, ultrasonic welding or friction welding.
  • the top cover assembly 31 When the adapter component 35 and the electrode terminal 311 are welded, the top cover assembly 31 is positioned and fixed by a clamp, and the welding position is that the lower surface of the top cover plate 312 faces upward. After the adapter component 35 is assembled in place, it is clamped to the lower end surface of the battery terminal 311 on the top cover plate 312, and the adapter component 35 is welded to the top cover assembly 31 through laser welding or other welding methods.
  • the adapter component 35 may move due to the clamping device not being in place, the excessive temperature difference on the surface of the adapter component 35 due to welding, and the accumulation of gas during the welding process. It refers to the irregular movement of the adapter component 35 away from the welding position.
  • the annular insulating member 34 is disposed on the inner surface of the top cover plate 312 facing the mounting hole 313 , and the adapter component 35 is usually connected to the electrode terminal 311 through the inner ring opening of the insulating member 34 .
  • the adapter part 35 moves during the welding process, the distance between part of the insulating part 34 and the adapter part 35 will become too close, which causes a large amount of heat generated during the welding process to be conducted to the insulation through the adapter part 35
  • the insulating member 34 is heated, its shape or performance will change, resulting in a reduction in the overall performance of the top cover assembly 31 .
  • the battery cell 3 includes a top cover assembly 31 and an adapter component 35.
  • the top cover assembly 31 includes a mounting hole 313, and the mounting hole 313 is along the first direction X. Penetrating through the top cover assembly 31; the adapter component 35 includes a base portion 351 and a connecting portion 352 protruding from the base portion 351. The connecting portion 352 is disposed in the mounting hole 313 and is spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the mounting hole 313.
  • the first direction is the X direction.
  • the first direction X is the thickness direction of the top cover assembly 31 .
  • the minimum distance between the connecting part 352 and the mounting hole 313 may be the fitting gap value between the connecting part 352 and the mounting hole 313 .
  • the base 352 is flat-shaped. One end of the base 352 is connected to the tab (not shown in the figure). The other end of the base 351 has a protruding connecting portion 352 . The connecting portion 352 is connected to the electrode terminal 311 .
  • the connecting portion 352 is a hollow cylinder or a hollow platform that protrudes from the base 351 and has a hole opening toward the base 351 .
  • the adapter component 35 is made of metal and is obtained by machining or forging.
  • the annular insulating member 34 is provided on the inner surface of the top cover plate 312 facing the mounting hole 313. Since the insulating member 34 is usually made of polymer material, the insulating member 34 is more susceptible to thermal failure than other components in the top cover assembly 31. , therefore, "the gap between the adapter component 35 and the mounting hole 313" can be expressed as "the gap between the adapter component 35 and the insulating member 34".
  • the battery cell 3 includes a top cover assembly 31 and an adapter component 35.
  • the top cover assembly 31 includes a mounting hole 313 that penetrates the top cover assembly 31 along the first direction X.
  • the mounting hole 313 is used to accommodate the adapter component 35
  • the adapter component 35 is used to connect the electrode assembly 33 and the electrode terminal 311 in the battery cell 3 .
  • the adapter component 35 includes a base part 351 and a connecting part 352 protruding from the base part 351.
  • the connecting part 352 is disposed in the mounting hole 313 and is spaced apart from the mounting hole 313. During the welding process of the adapter component 35 and the electrode terminal 311, even if the adapter part 35 is welded, The connecting member 35 moves.
  • the minimum distance between the connecting portion 351 and the mounting hole 313 is L, where L is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm.
  • the minimum distance L between the connecting part 351 and the mounting hole 313 is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, which improves the welding process of the adapter component 35 and the electrode terminal 311 due to the small distance between the adapter component 35 and the mounting hole 313 During the process, the adapter component 35 moves, causing a large amount of welding heat to be introduced into the top cover assembly 31 through the adapter component 35, causing the top cover assembly 31 to deform or fail due to heat, thereby improving battery performance.
  • the connecting portion 352 includes a top wall 3521 and a side wall 3522.
  • the top wall 3521 is away from the base 351 and is parallel to the base 351; the side wall 3522 surrounds the top. Wall 3521, and is connected between the top wall 3521 and the base 351.
  • connection part 352 includes a top wall 3521 and a side wall 3522.
  • the top wall 3521 is away from the base 351 and parallel to the base 351.
  • the top wall 3521 is used to connect with the electrode terminal 311 to output current outward;
  • the side wall 3522 Surrounding the top wall 3521 and connected between the top wall 3521 and the base 351 , the side walls 3522 provide support for the top wall 3521 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an adapter component 35 of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the minimum distance L1 between the edge of the top wall 3521 and the mounting hole 313 is 0.1 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • the top wall 3521 includes a first surface 3521a close to the electrode terminal 311, and the edge of the top wall 3521 refers to an edge position of the first surface 3521a.
  • the first surface 3521a refers to the part of the surface of the top wall 3521 that is close to the electrode terminal 311 and is in contact with the electrode terminal 311 during the welding process.
  • the first surface 3521a One surface 3521a does not include a portion that does not contact the electrode terminal 311 during the welding process due to the rounded corner design.
  • the top wall 3521 is the area where the adapter component 35 and the electrode terminal 311 are welded and connected.
  • the minimum distance L1 between the edge of the top wall 3521 and the mounting hole 313 is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, which improves the efficiency of the top wall.
  • the distance between the edge of the top wall 3521 and the mounting hole 313 is too small, causing the adapter component 35 to move during the welding process, causing the top cover assembly 31 to be damaged; it also improves the problem of the battery caused by the excessive distance between the edge of the top wall 3521 and the mounting hole 313. The problem of reduced energy density.
  • FIG. 9 is a top view of an adapter component 35 of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the area where the side wall 3522 is connected to the base 351 is the raised area 353; the minimum distance L2 between the raised area 353 and the mounting hole 313 is 0.8mm. ⁇ 1.2mm.
  • the distance between the raised area 353 and the mounting hole 313 is 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, which improves the problem of loading the adapter component 35 due to the small distance between the raised area 353 and the mounting hole 313 .
  • the alignment accuracy is poor, and the problem of collision and crushing between the adapter component 35 and the top cover assembly (not shown in the figure) is also improved; at the same time, it also improves the reduction in battery energy density caused by the excessive distance between the raised area 353 and the mounting hole 313. The problem.
  • the top wall 3521 includes a first surface 3521a and a second surface 3521b that are oppositely arranged along the first direction X, and the first surface 3521a is located opposite to the second surface 3521b.
  • a welding area 3523 is provided on the second surface 3521b.
  • the diameter of the welding area 3523 is d1.
  • the diameter of the second surface 3521b is C, C ⁇ d1+2*L1.
  • the welding area 3523 has the same shape as the second surface 3521b.
  • the second surface 3521b When the second surface 3521b is connected with other parts of the connecting part 352 with rounded corners, the second surface 3521b does not include the rounded part.
  • the welding area 3523 is on the second surface 3521b.
  • the laser beam will irradiate the welding area 3523 to melt the welding area 3523.
  • the transfer component 35 may move during the welding process.
  • the laser beam may deviate from the welding area and irradiate other areas of the connection part, causing virtual welding or burst spots, affecting the welding quality. Therefore, the diameter of the second surface 3521b is C ⁇ d1+2*L1, that is, a buffer zone 3524 with a width not less than L1 is provided around the welding zone 3523.
  • the buffer zone 3524 can ensure that even if the transfer component 35 moves, The laser beam is still irradiated on the second surface 3521b, reducing the possibility of virtual welding and welding explosion points.
  • the top wall 3521 includes a second surface 3521b close to the base 351, the second surface 3521b has a welding area 353, the diameter of the welding area 353 is d1, and the second surface 3521b has a diameter C ⁇ d1+2*L1 , which improves the problem that the welding effect is reduced due to the movement of the adapter component 35 during the welding process due to the small diameter of the second surface 3521b.
  • the diameter C of the second surface 3521b is greater than or equal to 10 mm.
  • the diameter C of the second surface 3521b is greater than or equal to 10 mm, which improves the problem that the diameter of the second surface 3521b is too small, causing the connection area between the top wall 3521 and the electrode terminal 311 to be too small, and the connection strength is insufficient.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of C in Figure 8.
  • the connecting part 352 also includes a side wall 3522 connecting the top wall 3521 and the base part 351 .
  • the angle ⁇ between the base part 351 and the side wall 3522 near the mounting hole 313 is an obtuse angle.
  • multiple adapter parts 35 are generally stacked. Due to the friction of the adapter parts 35 themselves and the effect of atmospheric pressure, there will be a certain adsorption force between two adjacent adapter parts 35. When multiple adapter components 35 need to be grasped separately by mechanical equipment, due to the adsorption force between the adapter components 35, the robot can easily take out multiple adapter components 35 at the same time. In this way, if the subsequent equipment cannot recognize It will bring safety risks and cause the battery to be scrapped or reworked.
  • the angle between the base 351 and the side wall 3522 is an obtuse angle
  • the adsorption force between the two adapter parts 35 is low, which can improve the problem of stacking of the adapter parts 35 , and alleviate the problem of loading jam caused by the stacking of materials in the transfer component 35.
  • the angle ⁇ between the base 351 and the side wall 3522 close to the mounting hole 313 is greater than or equal to 105°.
  • the side wall 3522 is connected to the top wall 3521 in a smooth transition, and the side wall 3522 is connected to the base 351 in a smooth transition.
  • the side wall 3522 is connected to the top wall 3521 in a smooth transition, and the side wall 3522 is connected to the base 351 in a smooth transition.
  • the smooth transition connection can disperse stress and reduce the probability of cracking at the connections between the side wall 3522 and the top wall 3521, and the side wall 3522 and the base 351.
  • the angle between the base 351 and the side wall 3522 close to the mounting hole 313 is greater than or equal to 105°, which improves the problem of overlapping and overlapping of the adapter component 35 due to an excessively small angle between the base 351 and the side wall 3522.
  • the problem of material lag is greater than or equal to 105°, which improves the problem of overlapping and overlapping of the adapter component 35 due to an excessively small angle between the base 351 and the side wall 3522.
  • the diameter of the first surface 3521a is B
  • the diameter of the raised area 353 is A
  • the height of the adapter component 35 is H in the thickness direction of the base 351.
  • B A-2*H*cot(180- ⁇ )°.
  • the fillet radius is R
  • the first surface 3521a does not include a rounded portion.
  • the diameter B of the first surface 3521a A-2*H*cot(180- ⁇ )-2*R/sin ⁇ °.
  • the height H of the adapter component 35 refers to the distance from the side surface of the base 351 toward the top cover assembly (not shown in the figure) to the first surface 3521 a in the first direction X.
  • the diameter B of the first surface 3521a A-2*H*cot(180- ⁇ )°.
  • the angle between the side wall 3522 and the base 351 is an obtuse angle.
  • the adsorption force between the connecting parts 35 is low, which can improve the problem of stacking of materials on the connecting parts 35 and alleviate the problem of loading jam caused by the stacking of materials on the connecting parts 35 .
  • the thickness of the adapter component 35 is W
  • the diameter of the second surface 3521b is C
  • C (A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot (180- ⁇ )°.
  • the fillet radius is R
  • the second surface 3521b does not include a rounded portion.
  • the diameter C of the second surface 3521b (A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot(180- ⁇ )°-2*R/sin ⁇ °.
  • the diameter C of the second surface 3521b (A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot(180- ⁇ )°, at this time, the angle between the side wall 3522 and the base 351 It is an obtuse angle, and the adsorption force between the two adapter parts 35 is low, which can improve the problem of the adapter parts 35 stacking materials, and alleviate the problem of loading jam caused by the adapter parts 35 stacking materials.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 3 also includes a case 32 and an electrode assembly 33.
  • the top cover assembly 31 is disposed at the opening of the case 32; the electrode assembly 33 is located in the case 32, and the electrode assembly 33 includes an electrode.
  • the main body 332 and the first tab 3311 and the second tab 3312 protruding from the electrode body 332 in the direction toward the top cover assembly.
  • the first tab 3311 and the second tab 3312 are electrically connected to the electrode terminal 311 through the adapter component 35 .
  • the electrode assembly 33 includes an electrode body 332 and a first tab 3311 and a second tab 3312 extending from the electrode body 332 toward the top cover assembly 31; This solution can also be applied to cylindrical battery cells.
  • the electrode assembly 33 includes an electrode body 332 and a first tab 3311 and a second tab 3312 extending from both ends of the electrode body 332 in the thickness direction.
  • the first tab 3311 The adapter component 35 is connected to the electrode terminal 311
  • the second tab 3312 is connected to the wall of the housing 32 .
  • the first pole tab 3311 is a positive pole tab
  • the second pole tab 3312 is a negative pole tab.
  • the battery cell 3 also includes a case 32 and an electrode assembly 33.
  • the electrode assembly 33 includes a first tab 3311 and a second tab 3312. The first tab 3311 and the second tab 3312 It is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 311 through the adapter component 35 .
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery, including the battery cell provided in the above embodiment.
  • the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application uses the battery cell provided in the above embodiment, and therefore has the same technical effect, which will not be described again.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device, including the battery provided in the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • the present application provides a battery cell including a top cover assembly 31, an adapter component 35, an electrode assembly 33 and a case 32.
  • the top cover assembly 31 includes a mounting hole 313, and the mounting hole 313 penetrates the top cover assembly 31 along the first direction;
  • the top cover assembly 31 is disposed at the opening of the housing 32; the electrode assembly 33 is located in the housing 32.
  • the electrode assembly 33 includes an electrode body 332 and a first tab 3311 extending from the electrode body 332 toward the top cover assembly 31.
  • the second tab 3312, the first tab 3311 and the second tab 3312 are electrically connected to the electrode terminal 311 through the adapter component 35;
  • the adapter component 35 includes a base 351 and a connecting portion 352 protruding from the base 351. At least part of the connecting portion 352 is located in the mounting hole 313.
  • the connecting portion 352 includes a top wall 3521 facing away from the base 351.
  • the top wall 3521 is connected to the electrode terminal 311.
  • the minimum distance L1 between the edge of the top wall 3521 and the mounting hole 313 is 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm;
  • the area of the orthographic projection of the connecting portion 352 on the base 351 is the raised area 353; the distance L2 between the edge of the raised area 353 and the mounting hole 313 is 0.8mm ⁇ L2 ⁇ 1.2mm;
  • the top wall 3521 includes a first surface 3521a and a second surface 3521b that are oppositely arranged along the thickness direction of the base 351.
  • the first surface 3521a is located on the side of the second surface 3521b away from the base 351; a welding area 3523 is provided on the second surface 3521b.
  • the diameter of area 3523 is d1, the diameter C of second surface 3521b, C ⁇ d1+2*L1, and the diameter C of second surface 3521b is not less than 10mm;
  • connection part 352 also includes a side wall 3522 connecting the top wall 3521 and the base part 351, and the angle ⁇ between the base part 3521 and the side wall 3522 is greater than or equal to 105°;
  • the diameter of the first surface 3521a is B
  • the diameter of the raised area 353 is A
  • in the thickness direction of the base 351 the height of the adapter component 35 is H
  • B A-2*H*cot(180- ⁇ )°
  • the thickness of the connecting member 35 is W
  • the battery cell 3 includes a top cover assembly 31 and an adapter component 35 .
  • the top cover assembly 31 includes a mounting hole 313 penetrating the top cover assembly 31 along the first direction X.
  • the mounting hole 313 is used to receive the adapter component.
  • the adapter component 35 is used to connect the electrode assembly 33 and the electrode terminal 311 in the battery cell 3.
  • the adapter component 35 includes a base part 351 and a connecting part 352 protruding from the base part 351.
  • the connecting part 352 is provided in the mounting hole 313 and is spaced apart from the mounting hole 313. During the welding process of the adapter component 35 and the electrode terminal 311, even if the adapter part 35 is welded, The connecting member 35 moves.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。电池单体，包括顶盖组件和转接部件，顶盖组件包括安装孔，安装孔沿第一方向贯穿顶盖组件；转接部件包括基部和凸出于基部的连接部，连接部设置于安装孔且和安装孔间隔设置。顶盖组件包括沿第一方向贯穿顶盖组件的安装孔，安装孔用于容纳转接部件，转接部件用于连接电池单体内的电极组件与电极端子。转接部件包括基部和凸出基部的连接部，连接部设置于安装孔且和安装孔间隔设置，在将转接部件与电极端子焊接的过程中，即使转接部件窜动，由于转接部件与安装孔之间有间隙，使得经转接部件传递到顶盖组件的热量较低，顶盖组件受热变形或失效的几率下降，提高了电池寿命和电池效能。

Description

电池单体、电池及用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2022年07月20日提交的名称为“电池单体、电池及用电装置”的中国专利申请202221866312.7的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，特别涉及一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
电池中通常设置有转接部件，转接部件用于电连接顶盖组件和电极组件，但转接部件可能会导致电池寿命及效能降低。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电池单体、电池及用电装置，能够缓解因转接部件而导致的电池寿命和电池效能降低的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池单体，包括顶盖组件和转接部件，顶盖组件包括安装孔，安装孔沿第一方向贯穿顶盖组件；转接部件包括基部和凸出于基部的连接部，连接部设置于安装孔且和安装孔的内壁面间隔设置。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，电池单体包括顶盖组件和转接部件，顶盖组件包括沿第一方向贯穿顶盖组件的安装孔，安装孔用于容纳转接部件，转接部件用于连接电池单体内的电极组件与电极端子。转接部件包括 基部和凸出基部的连接部，连接部设置于安装孔且和安装孔间隔设置，在将转接部件与电极端子焊接的过程中，即使转接部件窜动，由于转接部件与安装孔之间有间隙，使得经转接部件传递到顶盖组件的热量较低，顶盖组件受热变形或失效的几率下降，提高了电池寿命和电池效能。
在一些实施例中，连接部和安装孔之间的最小距离为L，其中，L大于等于0.1mm。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，连接部和安装孔的最小距离L大于等于0.1mm，改善了因转接部件与安装孔之间的距离过小导致转接部件与电极端子焊接过程中，转接部件窜动，导致大量焊接热量经转接部件导入顶盖组件，使顶盖组件受热变形或失效的问题，提高了电池性能。
在一些实施例中，连接部包括顶壁和侧壁，顶壁背离基部，并与所述基部平行；侧壁环绕顶壁，并连接于顶壁和基部之间。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，连接部包括顶壁和侧壁，顶壁背离基部并于基部平行，顶壁用于与电极端子连接，以向外输出电流；侧壁环绕顶壁并连接在顶壁和基部之间，侧壁对顶壁提供了支撑作用。
在一些实施例中，顶壁的边缘与安装孔之间的最小距离L1为0.1mm～0.5mm。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，顶壁是转接部件与电极端子焊接连接的区域，顶壁的边缘与安装孔之间的最小距离L1为0.1mm～0.5mm，改善了因顶壁边缘与安装孔之间的距离过小导致焊接过程中转接部件窜动导致顶盖组件受损；也改善了因顶壁边缘与安装孔之间的距离过大导致电池能量密度降低的问题。
在一些实施例中，侧壁与基部连接的区域为凸起区；凸起区与安装孔之间的最小距离L2为0.8mm～1.2mm。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，凸起区的边缘与安装孔之间的距离为0.8mm-1.2mm，改善了因凸起区边缘与安装孔之间的距离过小导致转接部件上料时对位精度低，转接部件与顶盖组件碰撞压伤的问题；同时也改善了因凸起区边缘与安装孔之间的距离过大导致电池能量密度降低的问题。
在一些实施例中，顶壁包括沿第一方向相对设置的第一表面和第二 表面，第一表面位于相对第二表面远离基部的一侧；第二表面上设置有焊接区，焊接区的直径为d1，第二表面的直径C，C≥d1+2*L1。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，顶壁包括靠近基部的第二表面，第二表面内有焊接区，焊接区的直径为d1，第二表面的直径C≥d1+2*L1，改善由于第二表面直径过小，在焊接过程中由于转接部件窜动导致焊接效果降低的问题。
在一些实施例中，第二表面的直径C大于或等于10mm。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，第二表面的直径C大于等于10mm，改善了第二表面直径过小，导致顶壁与电极端子连接区域过小，连接强度不足的问题。
在一些实施例中，连接部还包括连接顶壁和基部的侧壁，基部与侧壁之间靠近安装孔的角度θ为钝角。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，当基部与侧壁之间靠近安装孔的角度为钝角时，两个转接部件之间的吸附力较低，可以改善转接部件叠料的问题，并缓解由于转接部件叠料而造成的上料卡顿问题。
在一些实施例中，基部与侧壁之间靠近安装孔的角度θ大于或等于105°。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，基部与侧壁之间靠近安装孔的角度大于等于105°，改善了因基部与侧壁夹角过小导致转接部件叠料和上料卡顿的问题。
在一些实施例中，第一表面的直径为B，凸起区的直径为A，在基部厚度方向上，转接部件高度为H，B＝A-2*H*cot(180-θ)°。
在本申请实施例的技术手段中，第一表面的直径B＝A-2*H*cot(180-θ)°，此时侧壁与基部之间的夹角为钝角，两个转接部件之间的吸附力较低，这可以改善转接部件叠料的问题，并缓解由于转接部件叠料而造成的上料卡顿的问题。
在一些实施例中，转接部件的厚度为W，第二表面的直径C，C＝(A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot(180-θ)°。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，第二表面的直径C＝(A-2W)-2*(H- W)*cot(180-θ)°，此时侧壁与基部之间的夹角为钝角，两个转接部件之间的吸附力较低，这可以改善转接部件叠料的问题，并缓解由于转接部件叠料而造成的上料卡顿的问题。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括壳体和电极组件，顶盖组件设置于壳体的开口处；电极组件位于壳体内，电极组件包括电极主体及由电极主体在朝向顶盖组件方向伸出的第一极耳和第二极耳，第一极耳和第二极耳通过转接部件与顶盖组件电连接。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，电池单体还包括壳体和电极组件，电极组件包括第一极耳和第二极耳，第一极耳、第二极耳通过转接部件和顶盖组件电连接。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种电池，包括上述任一第一方面实施例的电池单体。
又一方面，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括上述实施例的电池，电池用于提供电能。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1是本申请一实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例提供的电池包的结构示意图；
图3是申请一实施例提供的一种电池模块的结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的顶盖组件俯视图；
图6是图5中A-A处的剖视图；
图7是图6中B处的放大结构示意图；
图8是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的转接部件的结构示意 图；
图9是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的转接部件的俯视图；
图10是图8中C处的放大结构示意图；
图11是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的结构示意图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
1车辆，2电池，11控制器，12马达；
2电池，21电池模块，22箱体，221第一箱体部，222第二箱体部；
3电池单体，31顶盖组件，32壳体，33电极组件，331极耳，332电极主体，3311第一极耳，3312第二极耳，311电极端子，34绝缘件，35转接部件，312顶盖板，313安装孔，351基部，352连接部，3521顶壁，3522侧壁，3521a第一表面，3521b第二表面，353凸起区，3523焊接区，3524缓冲区。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或组件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申 请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和连接于正极集流部的正极极耳，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极极耳未涂覆正极活性物质层。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和连接于负极集流部的负极极耳，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极极耳未涂覆负 极活性物质层。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。
申请人注意到，部分电池单体出现寿命和效能降低的问题。
为了缓解电池单体寿命和效能降低的问题，申请人研究发现，极耳与电极端子之间要设置转接部件来实现电连接，而转接部件与电极端子是通过焊接的方式固定到一起的，在焊接过程中，转接部件可能发生窜动。随着转接部件的窜动，转接部件与绝缘件之间的距离也会发生改变，这会导致焊接热量通过转接部件传递到绝缘件上，可能造成绝缘件变形或烧蚀，导致隔离件的密封和绝缘效果降低或丧失，进而导致电池漏液、短路等一系列问题，造成电池单体寿命和效能的下降。
基于以上考虑，为了解决电池单体寿命和效能的下降的问题，发明人意识到需要改良绝缘件与转接部件的位置关系。发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池单体。在这样的电池单体中，转接部件的连接部与绝缘件之间的最小距离不小于0.1mm，连接部和绝缘件的最小距离较大，在将转接部件与电极端子焊接的过程中，即使转接部件窜动，由于转接部件与绝缘件之间有足够的距离，使得经转接部件传递到绝缘件的热量较低，绝缘件受热变形或失效的几率下降，提高了电池寿命和电池效能。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电装置。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
应理解，本申请实施例描述的技术方案不仅仅局限适用于上述所描 述的电池和用电设备，还可以适用于所有包括箱体的电池以及使用电池的用电设备，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1的结构示意图。车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部设置有电池2，电池2可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池可以作为车辆1的操作电源。车辆1还可以包括控制器11和马达12，控制器11用来控制电池为马达12供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池不仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池可以包括多个电池单体，电池单体是指组成电池模块或电池包的最小单元。多个电池单体可经由电极端子而被串联和/或并联在一起以应用于各种应用场合。本申请中所提到的电池包括电池模块或电池包。其中，多个电池单体之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。本申请的实施例中多个电池单体可以直接组成电池包，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池包。
图2示出了本申请一实施例的电池2的结构示意图。
如图2所示，电池2包括箱体22和电池单体(图未示出)，电池单体容纳于箱体22内。
箱体22可以是单独的长方体或者圆柱体或球体等简单立体结构，也可以是由长方体或者圆柱体或球体等简单立体结构组合而成的复杂立体结构，本申请实施例对此并不限定。箱体22的材质可以是如铝合金、铁合金等合金材料，也可以是如聚碳酸酯、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料等高分子材料，或者是如玻璃纤维加环氧树脂的复合材料，本申请实施例对此也并不限定。
箱体22用于容纳电池单体，箱体22可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体22可以包括第一箱体部221和第二箱体部222，第一箱体部221与第二箱体部222相互盖合，第一箱体部221和第二箱体部222共同 限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间。第二箱体部222可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部为板状结构，第一箱体部221盖合于第二箱体部222的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体22；第一箱体部221和第二箱体部222也均可以是一侧开口的空心结构，第一箱体部221的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部222的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体22。当然，第一箱体部221和第二箱体部222可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部221与第二箱体部222连接后的密封性，第一箱体部221与第二箱体部222之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部221盖合于第二箱体部222的顶部，第一箱体部221亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部222亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池中，电池单体可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体为多个，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体22内；当然，也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块21，多个电池模21块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体22内。
图3示出了本申请一实施例的电池模块21的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，电池单体3为多个，多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块21。多个电池模块21再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。
电池模块21中的多个电池单体3之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现电池模块21中的多个电池单体3的并联或串联或混联。
本申请中，电池单体3可以包括锂离子电池单体3、钠离子电池单体3或镁离子电池单体3等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体3可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体3一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体3、方体方形电池单体3和软包电池单体3，本申请实施例对此也不限定。但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以方形电池单体3为例进行说明。
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体3的分解结构示意图。电池单体3是指组成电池的最小单元。如图4，电池单体3包括壳体32、位于壳体32内的电极组件33和盖设于壳体32开口处的顶盖组件31。
顶盖组件31是指盖合于壳体32的开口处以将电池单体3的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，顶盖组件31的形状可以与壳体32的形状相适应以配合壳体32。可选地，顶盖组件31可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，顶盖组件31在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体3能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。顶盖组件31上可以设置有如电极端子311等的功能性部件。电极端子311可以用于与电极组件33电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体3的电能。在一些实施例中，顶盖组件31上还可以设置有用于在电池单体3的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。顶盖组件31的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在顶盖组件31的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件(图中未示出)，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体32内的电连接部件与顶盖组件31，以降低短路的风险。绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体32是用于配合顶盖组件31以形成电池单体3的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件33、电解液(在图中未示出)以及其他部件。壳体32和顶盖组件31可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体32上设置开口，通过在开口处使顶盖组件31盖合开口以形成电池单体3的内部环境。不限地，也可以使顶盖组件31和壳体32一体化，具体地，顶盖组件31和壳体32可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体32的内部时，再使顶盖组件31盖合壳体32。壳体32可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体32的形状可以根据电极组件33的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体32的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件33是电池单体3中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体32内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件33。电极组件33主要由正极片和负极片卷 绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳331。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳331连接电极端子311以形成电流回路。
请参阅图5、图6和图7，图5是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的顶盖组件俯视图，图6是图5中A-A处的剖视图，图7是图6中B处的放大结构示意图。
如图4至图7所示，极耳331有时不容易直接与电极端子311电连接，这时候往往会在极耳331和电极端子311之间设置转接部件35，极耳331通过转接部件35实现和电极端子311的电连接。转接部件35与电极端子311的连接方式通常为焊接，可选的，焊接方式可以是激光焊接，超声波焊接或摩擦焊接等。
转接部件35与电极端子311进行焊接时，顶盖组件31通过夹具定位并固定，焊接位置即顶盖板312下表面朝上。转接部件35装配到位后，和顶盖板312上电池端子311下端面夹紧，通过激光焊接或其它焊接方式，将转接部件35焊接到顶盖组件31上。
在转接部件35与电极端子311焊接的过程中，可能由于夹紧装置未到位，焊接导致转接部件35表面温差过于剧烈以及焊接过程中气体堆积等原因造成转接部件35窜动，窜动指的是转接部件35偏离焊接位置的无规则移动。
环状绝缘件34设置在顶盖板312朝向安装孔313的内表面，而转接部件35通常要通过绝缘件34的内圈开孔与电极端子311连接。当焊接过程中转接部件35发生窜动时，部分绝缘件34与转接部件35之间的距离会变得过近，这就导致焊接过程中产生的大量热量通过转接部件35传导至绝缘件，绝缘件34受热会导致其形状或性能发生改变，造成顶盖组件31整体的性能降低。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图4和图7所示，电池单体3包括顶盖 组件31和转接部件35，顶盖组件31包括安装孔313，安装孔313沿第一方向X贯穿顶盖组件31；转接部件35包括基部351和凸出于基部351的连接部352，连接部352设置于安装孔313且和安装孔313的内壁面间隔设置。
可选的，第一方向为X方向。
第一方向X为顶盖组件31的厚度方向。
连接部352与安装孔313的最小距离可以是连接部352与安装孔313之间的配合间隙值。
基部352为平板状，基部352一端与极耳(图中未示出)连接，基部351另一端有凸起的连接部352，连接部352与电极端子311连接。
可选的，连接部352是凸出于基部351并有朝向基部351开孔的中空柱体或中空台体。
可选的，转接部件35为金属材质，通过机加工或锻压方式获得。
可选的，环状绝缘件34设置在顶盖板312朝向安装孔313的内表面，由于绝缘件34的材质通常为高分子材料，绝缘件34相比顶盖组件31中其它部件更易受热失效，因此，“转接部件35与安装孔313之间的间隙”可以表示为“转接部件35与绝缘件34之间的间隙”。
在本申请实施例提供的电池单体3中，电池单体3包括顶盖组件31和转接部件35，顶盖组件31包括沿第一方向X贯穿顶盖组件31的安装孔313，安装孔313用于容纳转接部件35，转接部件35用于连接电池单体3内的电极组件33与电极端子311。转接部件35包括基部351和凸出基部351的连接部352，连接部352设置于安装孔313且和安装孔313间隔设置，在将转接部件35与电极端子311焊接的过程中，即使转接部件35窜动，由于转接部件35与安装孔313之间有间隙，使得经转接部件35传递到顶盖组件31的热量较低，顶盖组件31受热变形或失效的几率下降，提高了电池寿命和电池效能。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图6和图7所示，连接部351和安装孔313之间的最小距离为L，其中，L大于等于0.1mm。
在这些实施例中，连接部351和安装孔313的最小距离L大于等于 0.1mm，改善了因转接部件35与安装孔313之间的距离过小导致转接部件35与电极端子311焊接过程中，转接部件35窜动，导致大量焊接热量经转接部件35导入顶盖组件31，使顶盖组件31受热变形或失效的问题，提高了电池性能。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图6和图7所示，连接部352包括顶壁3521和侧壁3522，顶壁3521背离基部351，并与所述基部351平行；侧壁3522环绕顶壁3521，并连接于顶壁3521和基部351之间。
在这些实施例中，连接部352包括顶壁3521和侧壁3522，顶壁3521背离基部351并与基部351平行，顶壁3521用于与电极端子311连接，以向外输出电流；侧壁3522环绕顶壁3521并连接在顶壁3521和基部351之间，侧壁3522对顶壁3521提供了支撑作用。
请参阅图8，图8是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的转接部件35的结构示意图。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图7和图8所示，顶壁3521的边缘与安装孔313之间的最小距离L1为0.1mm～0.5mm。
顶壁3521包括靠近电极端子311的第一表面3521a，顶壁3521的边缘指的是第一表面3521a的边缘位置。当顶壁3521与连接部352的其它部分圆角过渡连接时，第一表面3521a指的是顶壁3521靠近电极端子311且在焊接过程中与电极端子311抵接的部分表面，此时，第一表面3521a不包括因圆角设计而在焊接过程中不与电极端子311抵接的部分。
在这些实施例中，顶壁3521是转接部件35与电极端子311焊接连接的区域，顶壁3521的边缘与安装孔313之间的最小距离L1为0.1mm～0.5mm，改善了因顶壁3521边缘与安装孔313之间的距离过小导致焊接过程中转接部件35窜动导致顶盖组件31受损；也改善了因顶壁3521边缘与安装孔313之间的距离过大导致电池能量密度降低的问题。
请参阅图9，图9是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的转接部件35的俯视图。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图7至图9所示，侧壁3522与基部351连接的区域为凸起区353；凸起区353与安装孔313之间的最小距离L2 为0.8mm～1.2mm。
在这些实施例中，凸起区353与安装孔313之间的距离为0.8mm～1.2mm，改善了因凸起区353与安装孔313之间的距离过小导致转接部件35上料时对位精度差，转接部件35与顶盖组件(图中未示出)碰撞压伤的问题；同时也改善了因凸起区353与安装孔313之间的距离过大导致电池能量密度降低的问题。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图8和图9所示，顶壁3521包括沿第一方向X相对设置的第一表面3521a和第二表面3521b，第一表面3521a位于相对第二表面3521b远离基部351的一侧。第二表面3521b上设置有焊接区3523，焊接区3523的直径为d1，第二表面3521b的直径C，C≥d1+2*L1。
可选的，焊接区3523与第二表面3521b形状相同。
当第二表面3521b与连接部352其它部分圆角连接时，第二表面3521b不包括圆角部分。
焊接区3523在第二表面3521b上，在焊接过程如激光焊接过程中，激光束会照射焊接区3523使焊接区3523熔融。但在焊接过程中可能发生转接部件35窜动，这时候激光束可能会偏离出焊接区域而照射到连接部其它区域，造成虚焊或爆点，影响焊接质量。因此第二表面3521b的直径C≥d1+2*L1，也就是在焊接区3523外围设置一层宽度不小于L1的缓冲区3524，缓冲区3524可以保证即使发生转接部件35窜动的问题，激光束仍照射在第二表面3521b上，降低虚焊和焊接爆点出现的可能性。
在这些实施例中，顶壁3521包括靠近基部351的第二表面3521b，第二表面3521b内有焊接区353，焊接区353的直径为d1，第二表面3521b的直径C≥d1+2*L1，改善了由于第二表面3521b直径过小，在焊接过程中由于转接部件35窜动导致焊接效果降低的问题。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图8和图9所示，第二表面3521b的直径C大于或等于10mm。
在这些可选的实施例中，第二表面3521b的直径C大于等于10mm，改善了第二表面3521b直径过小，导致顶壁3521与电极端子311连接区域 过小，连接强度不足的问题。
请参阅图10，图10是图8中C处的放大结构示意图。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图10所示，连接部352还包括连接顶壁3521和基部351的侧壁3522，基部351与侧壁3522之间靠近安装孔313的角度θ为钝角。
在生产加工时，多个转接部件35一般是堆叠设置的，由于转接部件35自身的摩擦力和大气压力的作用，相邻的两个转接部件35之间会具有一定的吸附力，当需要通过机械设备将多个转接部件35分别抓取时，因转接部件35之间具有吸附力，因此，机械手容易将多个转接部件35同时取出，这样，若后续设备识别不出则会带来安全隐患，造成电池报废或返工的情况发生。
而当基部351与侧壁3522之间靠近安装孔313的角度为钝角时，相比于基部351与侧壁3522之间的夹角为直角时的状态，当拿取其中一个转接部件35时，两个转移构件35之间会更容易的进入空气平衡两个转移构件35之间的气压，降低两个转移构件35之间的吸附力，改善叠片问题。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，当基部351与侧壁3522之间的夹角为钝角时，两个转接部件35之间的吸附力较低，可以改善转接部件35叠料的问题，并缓解由于转接部件35叠料而造成的上料卡顿问题。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图10所示，基部351与侧壁3522之间靠近安装孔313的角度θ大于或等于105°。
可选的，侧壁3522与顶壁3521圆滑过渡连接，侧壁3522与基部351圆滑过渡连接。侧壁3522与顶壁3521圆滑过渡连接，侧壁3522与基部351圆滑过渡连接，圆滑过渡连接可以分散应力，减少侧壁3522与顶壁3521、侧壁3522与基部351连接处开裂的几率。
在这些可选的实施例中，基部351与侧壁3522之间靠近安装孔313的角度大于等于105°，改善了因基部351与侧壁3522夹角过小导致转接部件35叠料和上料卡顿的问题。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图9和图10所示，第一表面3521a的直径为B，凸起区353的直径为A，在基部351厚度方向上，转接部件35 高度为H，B＝A-2*H*cot(180-θ)°。
当第一表面3521a与侧壁3522圆角过渡连接，侧壁3522与基部351圆角过渡连接时，圆角半径为R，第一表面3521a不包括圆角部分。此时第一表面3521a的直径B＝A-2*H*cot(180-θ)-2*R/sinθ°。
在基部351厚度方向上，转接部件35高度H指的是在第一方向X上，从基部351朝向顶盖组件(图中未示出)的一侧表面至第一表面3521a的距离。
在这些可选的实施例中，第一表面3521a的直径B＝A-2*H*cot(180-θ)°，此时侧壁3522与基部351之间的夹角为钝角，两个转接部件35之间的吸附力较低，这可以改善转接部件35叠料的问题，并缓解由于转接部件35叠料而造成的上料卡顿的问题。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图9和图10所示，转接部件35的厚度为W，第二表面3521b的直径C，C＝(A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot(180-θ)°。
当第二表面3521b与侧壁3522圆角过渡连接，侧壁3522与基部351圆角过渡连接时，圆角半径为R，第二表面3521b不包括圆角部分。此时第二表面3521b直径C＝(A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot(180-θ)°-2*R/sinθ°。
在这些可选的实施例中，第二表面3521b的直径C＝(A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot(180-θ)°，此时侧壁3522与基部351之间的夹角为钝角，两个转接部件35之间的吸附力较低，这可以改善转接部件35叠料的问题，并缓解由于转接部件35叠料而造成的上料卡顿的问题。
请参阅图11，图11是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体3的结构示意图。
在一些可选的实施例中，电池单体3还包括壳体32和电极组件33，顶盖组件31设置于壳体32的开口处；电极组件33位于壳体32内，电极组件33包括电极主体332及由电极主体332在朝向顶盖组件方向伸出的第一极耳3311和第二极耳3312，第一极耳3311和第二极耳3312通过转接部件35与电极端子311电连接。
本方案中是以方形电池单体3为例进行介绍的，电极组件33包括电极主体332及由电极主体332在朝向顶盖组件31方向伸出的第一极耳 3311和第二极耳3312；本方案还可以应用于柱形电池单体，电极组件33包括电极主体332及由电极主体332在厚度方向的两端伸出的第一极耳3311和第二极耳3312，第一极耳3311通过转接部件35与电极端子311连接，第二极耳3312与壳体32的壁部连接。
可选的，第一极耳3311为正极耳，第二极耳3312为负极耳。
在这些可选的实施例中，电池单体3还包括壳体32和电极组件33，电极组件33包括第一极耳3311和第二极耳3312，第一极耳3311、第二极耳3312通过转接部件35和电极端子311电连接。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池，包括上述实施例提供的电池单体。
本申请实施例提供的电池，由于采用了上述实施例提供的电池单体，因而具有同样的技术效果，再次不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括上述实施例提供的电池，电池用于提供电能。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，由于采用了本申请实施例提供的电池，因而具有同样的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请提供了一种电池单体包括顶盖组件31、转接部件35、电极组件33和壳体32。顶盖组件31包括安装孔313，安装孔313沿第一方向贯穿顶盖组件31；
顶盖组件31设置于壳体32的开口处；电极组件33位于壳体32内，电极组件33包括电极主体332及由电极主体332在朝向顶盖组件31方向伸出的第一极耳3311和第二极耳3312，第一极耳3311和第二极耳3312通过转接部件35与电极端子311电连接；
转接部件35包括基部351和凸出于基部351的连接部352，至少部分连接部352位于安装孔313内，连接部352包括背离基部351的顶壁3521，顶壁3521与电极端子311连接，顶壁3521的边缘与安装孔313之间的最小距离L1为0.1mm～0.4mm；
连接部352在基部351上的正投影的区域为凸起区353；凸起区353的边缘与安装孔313之间的距离L2，0.8mm≤L2≤1.2mm；
顶壁3521包括沿基部351厚度方向相对设置的第一表面3521a和 第二表面3521b，第一表面3521a位于第二表面3521b背离基部351的一侧；第二表面3521b上设置有焊接区3523，焊接区3523的直径为d1，第二表面3521b的直径C，C≥d1+2*L1，且第二表面3521b的直径C不小于10mm；
连接部352还包括连接顶壁3521和基部351的侧壁3522，基部3521与侧壁3522之间的角度θ大于或等于105°；
第一表面3521a的直径为B，凸起区353的直径为A，在基部351厚度方向上，转接部件35高度为H，B＝A-2*H*cot(180-θ)°；转接部件35的厚度为W，第二表面3521b的直径C，C＝(A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot(180-θ)°。
在这些实施例中，电池单体3包括顶盖组件31和转接部件35，顶盖组件31包括沿第一方向X贯穿顶盖组件31的安装孔313，安装孔313用于容纳转接部件35，转接部件35用于连接电池单体3内的电极组件33与电极端子311。转接部件35包括基部351和凸出基部351的连接部352，连接部352设置于安装孔313且和安装孔313间隔设置，在将转接部件35与电极端子311焊接的过程中，即使转接部件35窜动，由于转接部件35与安装孔313之间有间隙，使得经转接部件35传递到顶盖组件31的热量较低，顶盖组件31受热变形或失效的几率下降，提高了电池寿命和电池效能。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件，尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    顶盖组件，所述顶盖组件包括安装孔，所述安装孔沿第一方向贯穿所述顶盖组件；
    转接部件，包括基部和凸出于所述基部的连接部，所述连接部设置于所述安装孔且和所述安装孔的内壁面间隔设置；
    所述连接部和所述安装孔之间的最小距离为L，其中，L大于等于0.1mm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接部包括：
    顶壁，背离所述基部，并与所述基部平行；
    侧壁，环绕所述顶壁，并连接于所述基部和所述顶壁之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述顶壁的边缘与所述安装孔之间的最小距离L1为0.1mm～0.4mm。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述侧壁与所述基部连接的区域为凸起区；
    所述凸起区与所述安装孔之间的最小距离L2为0.8mm～1.2mm。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述顶壁包括沿所述第一方向相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面位于相对所述第二表面远离所述基部的一侧；
    所述第二表面上设置有焊接区，所述焊接区的直径为d1，所述第二表面的直径C，C≥d1+2*L1。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二表面的直径C大于或等于10mm。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述基部与所 述侧壁之间靠近所述安装孔的角度θ为钝角。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述基部与所述侧壁之间靠近所述安装孔的角度θ大于或等于105°。
  9. 根据权利要求5至7任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一表面的直径为B，所述凸起区的直径为A，在所述基部厚度方向上，所述转接部件高度为H，B＝A-2*H*cot(180-θ)°。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其中，所述转接部件的厚度为W，所述第二表面的直径C，C＝(A-2W)-2*(H-W)*cot(180-θ)°。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的电池单体，其中，还包括：
    壳体，所述顶盖组件设置于所述壳体的开口处；
    电极组件，位于所述壳体内，所述电极组件包括电极主体及由所述电极主体在朝向所述顶盖组件方向伸出的第一极耳和第二极耳，所述第一极耳和所述第二极耳通过所述转接部件与所述顶盖组件电连接。
  12. 一种电池，包括权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电池单体。
  13. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求12所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
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