WO2024000785A1 - 电池单体、电池和用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池和用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024000785A1
WO2024000785A1 PCT/CN2022/115560 CN2022115560W WO2024000785A1 WO 2024000785 A1 WO2024000785 A1 WO 2024000785A1 CN 2022115560 W CN2022115560 W CN 2022115560W WO 2024000785 A1 WO2024000785 A1 WO 2024000785A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
top cover
battery cell
relief groove
battery
cover plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/115560
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王细辉
许文竹
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024000785A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024000785A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/477—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/597—Protection against reversal of polarity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection.
  • battery technology is an important factor related to their development.
  • This application provides a battery cell and a power device, which can improve battery performance.
  • the application provides a battery cell including a top cover assembly and an electrode assembly.
  • the top cover assembly includes a top cover plate and a separator.
  • the separator is disposed on one side of the top cover plate.
  • the electrode assembly is disposed on the separator.
  • the electrode assembly On the side facing away from the top cover plate, the electrode assembly includes an electrode body and tabs protruding from the electrode body. At least one tab is connected to a protruding portion connected to the electrode body on its peripheral side; wherein, the surface of the separator faces away from the top cover plate.
  • a relief groove is provided, and the relief groove is used to accommodate at least part of the protrusion.
  • the top cover assembly includes a top cover plate and a separator, and the separator is disposed on one side of the top cover plate; the electrode assembly is disposed on a side of the separator away from the top cover plate, that is, the separator is disposed on Between the top cover plate and the electrode assembly, the short-circuit connection between the top cover plate and the electrode assembly can be improved.
  • the electrode assembly includes an electrode body and a tab protruding from the electrode body.
  • At least one tab is connected to a protruding portion connected to the electrode body on its peripheral side, thereby increasing the flow area between the tab and the electrode body; the separator is away from the top
  • the surface of the cover plate is provided with a relief groove, and the relief groove accommodates at least part of the protrusion, which improves the problems such as the insertion of the tab due to the interference between the separator and the protrusion, improves the matching relationship between the separator and the tab, and improves the battery life. performance.
  • At least part of the inner wall surface of the relief groove is in contact with the outer surface of the protruding part, so that the spacer can play a limiting role on the protruding part, and can improve the dislocation of the protruding part under the action of external force. Issues causing battery short circuit connections.
  • the orthographic projection of the relief groove coincides with the orthographic projection of the protrusion.
  • the orthographic projection of the relief groove coincides with the orthographic projection of the protrusion, and the outer surface of the protrusion is completely in contact with the relief groove, so that the relief groove has a better limiting effect on the protrusion.
  • the side of the separator away from the top cover plate is provided with more than two relief grooves spaced apart along the first direction
  • the electrode assembly is provided with more than two protrusions spaced apart along the first direction, each The protrusion is located in each of the relief grooves, or the electrode body is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is located in one of the relief grooves.
  • the side of the separator away from the top cover plate is provided with more than two relief grooves spaced along the first direction
  • the electrode assembly is provided with more than two protrusions spaced apart along the first direction. part, each protrusion is located in each relief groove, or the electrode body is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is located in one of the relief grooves.
  • the relief groove set in this way can be compatible with a variety of different protrusion settings, improving the Isolator compatibility.
  • the two relief grooves are symmetrically arranged relative to an axis extending along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect.
  • the symmetrically arranged relief grooves have low processing difficulty and are convenient for manufacturing.
  • the separator includes a contact portion protruding toward the electrode assembly, and the contact portion abuts the electrode body, which improves the problem of battery short circuit caused by misalignment of the electrode body under the action of external force.
  • the liquid injection hole is used to add electrolyte into the electrode assembly, and the liquid injection hole and the relief groove are disposed in an offset position to prevent the protruding portion from blocking the liquid injection hole.
  • the adapter piece is connected to the pole lug, and the adapter piece and the relief groove are disposed in an offset manner to prevent the relief groove from being in contact with the protrusion due to part of the adapter piece entering the relief groove.
  • an adapter piece is further included, the adapter piece is connected to the protrusion, and at least part of the adapter piece is located in the relief groove.
  • the relief groove is provided between two adjacent tabs in the first direction, which reduces the process difficulty and saves costs.
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, including the battery of the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional battery cell in the related art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell separator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a top cover assembly of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell separator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a removable connection.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector;
  • the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collecting part and a positive electrode tab connected to the positive electrode current collecting part.
  • the positive electrode current collecting part The positive electrode active material layer is coated, and the positive electrode tab is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the cathode current collector can be aluminum, and the cathode active material layer includes cathode active materials.
  • the cathode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collecting part and a negative electrode tab connected to the negative electrode current collecting part, and the negative electrode current collecting part The negative electrode active material layer is coated, and the negative electrode tab is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode current collector may be made of copper, and the negative electrode active material layer may include a negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the material of the isolator can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional battery cell 3' in the related art.
  • the applicant found through research that the battery performance degradation problem is caused by the interference of the conventional top cover assembly 6' with the protrusion 53. After adding the protrusion 521, the overcurrent capacity of the pole lug is improved, but the conventional top cover assembly 6' has not been adaptively adjusted. This results in the electrode assembly 5 not matching well with the conventional top cover assembly 6'.
  • the conventional isolator 63' of the conventional top cover assembly 6' will interfere with the protruding portion 521. Under the action of external force, such as during assembly or transportation, the middle structural protrusion 521 of the conventional isolator 63' may be blocked by the conventional isolator. 63' is squeezed to deformation or inserted into the electrode body 51, causing the insertion of the tab 52, short circuit and other battery performance degradation phenomena.
  • a relief groove is provided on the surface of the separator away from the top cover plate.
  • the relief groove is used to accommodate at least part of the protrusion 521.
  • the relief groove reduces the interference degree of the separator on the protrusion and improves the Problems such as the insertion of the tab 52 caused by the interference between the separator and the protruding portion 521 can be improved to improve the matching relationship between the separator and the tab 52 and improve the battery performance.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, cell phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Electric drills Electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the vehicle 1 is provided with a battery 2 inside, and the battery may be provided at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 2 may be used to power the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 2 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 102 and a motor 101.
  • the controller 102 is used to control the battery to provide power to the motor 101, for example, for the starting, navigation and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1 during driving.
  • the battery can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1 , but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 2 may include multiple battery cells.
  • a battery cell refers to the smallest unit that constitutes a battery module or battery pack. Multiple battery cells may be connected in series and/or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications.
  • the battery 2 mentioned in this application includes a battery module or a battery pack. Among them, multiple battery cells can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed. Hybrid refers to a mixture of series and parallel.
  • multiple battery cells can be directly formed into a battery pack, or they can be formed into battery modules first, and then the battery modules can be formed into a battery pack.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery 2 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery includes a case 202 and battery cells (not shown), and the battery cells are accommodated in the case 202 .
  • the box 202 may be a single cuboid, a simple three-dimensional structure such as a cylinder or a sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure formed by a combination of simple three-dimensional structures such as a cuboid, a cylinder or a sphere.
  • the material of the box 202 may be alloy materials such as aluminum alloy, iron alloy, etc., or may be polymer materials such as polycarbonate, polyisocyanurate foam, or composite materials such as glass fiber and epoxy resin.
  • the box 202 is used to accommodate battery cells, and the box 202 can be of various structures.
  • the box body 202 may include a first box body part 2021 and a second box body part 2022.
  • the first box body part 2021 and the second box body part 2022 cover each other.
  • the first box body part 2021 and the second box body part 2022 cover each other.
  • the two box portions 2022 jointly define an accommodation space for accommodating the battery cells 3 .
  • the second box part 2022 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box part 2021 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first box part 2021 is covered with the open side of the second box part 2022 to form a container with a receiving space.
  • Box 202 the first box part 2021 and the second box part 2022 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first box part 2021 is covered with the open side of the second box part 2022, To form a box 202 with an accommodation space.
  • the first box part 2021 and the second box part 2022 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • a sealing member may also be provided between the first box part 2021 and the second box part 2022, such as sealant, sealing ring, etc. .
  • the first box part 2021 can also be called an upper box cover
  • the second box part 2022 can also be called a lower box cover.
  • the battery 2 there may be one battery cell or a plurality of battery cells. If there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series or parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells can be accommodated in the box 202; of course, multiple battery cells can also be connected in series or parallel first or A battery module 201 is formed by a mixed connection, and multiple battery modules 201 are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in a box 202 .
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery module 201 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 there are multiple battery cells 3 , and the plurality of battery cells 3 are first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form the battery module 201 .
  • Multiple battery modules 201 are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 202 .
  • the battery cell 3 may include a lithium-ion battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, a magnesium-ion battery cell, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 3 can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells 3 are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. However, for the sake of simplicity of description, the following embodiments take the rectangular battery cell 3 as an example.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 3 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 3 refers to the smallest unit that makes up the battery. As shown in FIG. 5 , the battery cell 3 includes a top cover assembly, a case 4 and an electrode assembly 5 .
  • the electrode assembly 5 is a component in the battery cell 3 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 5 may be contained within the housing 4 .
  • the electrode assembly 5 is mainly formed by winding or stacking pole pieces.
  • the pole pieces are divided into positive electrode pieces and negative electrode pieces, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece.
  • the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that contain active material constitute the electrode body 51
  • the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that do not contain active material constitute the tabs 52 respectively.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or respectively located at both ends of the main body.
  • the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 52 are connected to the electrode terminals 61 to form a current loop.
  • the housing 4 is a component used to cooperate with the top cover assembly 6 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 3 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 5 , electrolyte (not shown in the figure) and other components. .
  • the housing 4 and the top cover assembly 6 may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the housing 4.
  • the top cover assembly 6 covers the opening at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 3.
  • the top cover assembly 6 and the housing 4 can also be integrated.
  • the top cover assembly 6 and the shell 4 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the shell. When the interior of the shell 4 needs to be sealed, the top cover assembly 6 can be closed with the shell 4 .
  • the housing 4 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc.
  • the shape of the housing 4 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 5 .
  • the housing 4 can be made of a variety of materials, optionally, the housing 4 can be made of copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.
  • two electrode terminals 61 may be provided in the top cover assembly 6 .
  • One electrode terminal 61 of the top cover assembly 6 is electrically connected to one tab 52 (for example, the positive tab) of the electrode assembly 5 .
  • the other electrode terminal 61 in the top cover assembly 6 is electrically connected to the other tab 52 of the electrode assembly 5 (for example, the negative tab).
  • the number of openings of the housing 4 may be two. Two openings are provided on opposite sides of the housing 4 . There are two top cover assemblies 6 . The two top cover assemblies 6 cover the two openings of the housing 4 respectively. In this case, the number of electrode terminals 61 in the top cover assembly 6 may be one. The electrode terminal 61 in one top cover assembly 6 is electrically connected to one tab 52 (for example, the positive tab) of the electrode assembly 5; the electrode terminal 61 of the other top cover assembly 6 is electrically connected to the other tab 52 (for example, the positive tab) of the electrode assembly 5. Negative ear) electrical connection.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a battery cell 3 includes a top cover assembly 6 and an electrode assembly 5.
  • the top cover assembly 6 includes a top cover plate 62 and a spacer 63.
  • the spacer 63 is provided On one side of the top cover plate 62; the electrode assembly 5 is disposed on the side of the separator 63 away from the top cover plate 62.
  • the electrode assembly 5 includes an electrode body 51 and a tab 52 extending from the electrode body 51. At least one tab 52
  • a protrusion 521 connected to the electrode body 51 is provided on the circumferential side of the spacer 63 .
  • a relief groove 631 is provided on the surface of the separator 63 away from the top cover plate 62 . The relief groove 631 is used to accommodate at least part of the protrusion 521 .
  • the top cover plate 62 covers the opening of the housing 4 , and the shape of the top cover plate 62 should be the same as the opening of the housing 4 .
  • the top cover plate 62 can also have a variety of structures.
  • the top cover plate 62 has a plate-like structure.
  • the material of the top cover plate 62 can be copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy and other metals.
  • the spacer 63 is provided on one side of the top cover plate 62 .
  • the separator 63 functions to fix and protect the electrode assembly 5 and insulate the electrode assembly 5 from the top cover assembly 6 to prevent the electrode assembly 5 from moving out of position under the action of external forces, which may cause battery performance degradation and battery short circuit problems.
  • the spacer 63 can be disposed on one side of the top cover plate 62 through nesting, snapping or bonding.
  • the spacer 63 can be formed by injection molding, and the shape of the spacer 63 can match the shape of the top cover plate 62 .
  • the isolator 63 is integrally formed of polyphenylene sulfide (Polyphenyl sulfide; PPS) material, polysulfone (PSU) material or nanomaterials.
  • PPS materials, PSU materials and nanomaterials all have high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, superior mechanical properties and insulation properties, which help to increase the service life of the separator 63, thereby improving the quality of the battery cells 3, making the battery cells have good
  • the environmental protection performance and fire protection effect are more in line with environmental protection requirements.
  • the user can use PPS materials, PSU materials, nanomaterials or other suitable insulating materials to form the spacer 63 according to the structure and cost needs of the battery cell 3.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the protruding portion 521 can be connected to any tab 52 , and the spacer 63 is provided with a relief groove 631 corresponding to the protruding portion 521 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • all tabs 52 are connected with protrusions 521 , and the spacer 63 is provided with a plurality of relief grooves 631 corresponding to the plurality of protrusions 521 .
  • the relief groove 631 and the spacer 63 are formed in the same process to simplify the process flow.
  • the thickness of the relief groove 631 is not less than the thickness of the protruding portion 521 to prevent the isolation member 63 from interfering with the protruding portion 521 under the action of external force.
  • the top cover assembly 6 includes a top cover plate 62 and a separator 63.
  • the separator 63 is disposed on one side of the top cover plate 62; the electrode assembly 5 is disposed on the separator 63 away from the top cover.
  • the electrode assembly 5 includes an electrode body 51 and tabs 52 extending from the electrode body 51. At least one tab 52 is provided with a protruding portion 521 connected to the electrode body 51 on its peripheral side, which improves the efficiency of the tabs. 52 and the electrode body 51; the surface of the separator 63 away from the top cover plate 62 is provided with a relief groove 631.
  • the relief groove 631 accommodates at least part of the protruding portion 521, which improves the gap between the isolator 63 and the protruding portion 521. Problems such as the insertion of the tabs 52 caused by interference can be improved by improving the matching relationship between the separator 63 and the tabs 52 and improving battery performance.
  • At least part of the inner wall surface of the relief groove 631 abuts the outer surface of the protrusion 521 .
  • the inner wall surface of the relief groove 631 contacts the outer surface of the protrusion 521.
  • the relief groove 631 can provide greater resistance to the protrusion 521, which can improve the movement of the protrusion 521. Misalignment, for example, the protrusion 521 is tilted, which may cause battery performance degradation.
  • At least part of the inner wall surface of the relief groove 631 is in contact with the surface of the protrusion 521 on the side facing away from the electrode body 51.
  • the surface of the protrusion 521 on the side facing away from the electrode body 51 has the largest area, and this surface is in contact with the relief groove 631. The connection can effectively ensure the fixing effect of the relief groove 631 on the protruding portion 521 and save costs.
  • At least part of the inner wall surface of the relief groove 631 is in contact with the outer surface of the protruding portion 521, so that the spacer 63 can play a limiting role on the protruding portion 521, which can improve the appearance of the protruding portion 521 under the action of external force. misalignment, causing battery short circuit problems.
  • the depth L1 of the relief groove 631 accounts for 20%-80% of the thickness L of the spacer 63 .
  • the relief groove 631 passes through the isolation member 63, so that the processing difficulty of the relief groove 631 designed in this way is reduced.
  • the length of the relief groove 631 accounts for 15%-35% of the length of the isolation member 63 .
  • the depth of the relief groove 631 accounts for 20%-80% of the thickness L of the spacer 63 at L1. It is avoided that the depth L1 of the relief groove 631 is too small, causing the relief groove 631 to interfere with the protrusion 521 . It can also improve the insufficient limiting effect of the relief groove 631 on the protrusion 521 caused by the excessive depth of the relief groove 631 .
  • the orthographic projection of the relief groove 631 coincides with the orthographic projection of the protruding portion 521 .
  • the relief groove 631 is in contact with the surface of the protrusion 521 away from the electrode body. At the same time, the orthographic projection of the relief groove 631 coincides with the orthographic projection of the protrusion 521. The relief groove 631 is also in contact with the side surfaces of the protrusion 521. At this time, The contact area between the relief groove 631 and the protrusion 521 is the largest, and the relief groove 631 provides the greatest resistance to the protrusion 521 .
  • the orthographic projection of the relief groove 631 coincides with the orthographic projection of the protrusion 521, and the outer surface of the protrusion 521 is completely in contact with the relief groove 631.
  • the relief groove 631 provides the greatest resistance to the protrusion 521.
  • the relief groove 631 plays a greater limiting role on the protrusion 521 .
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell separator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the side of the isolation member 63 away from the top cover plate 62 is provided with more than two relief grooves 631 spaced apart along the first direction There are two or more protrusions 521 spaced apart along the first direction, and each protrusion 521 is located in each of the relief grooves 631 .
  • the electrode body 51 is provided with one protrusion 521 , and the protrusion 521 is located in one of the relief grooves 631 .
  • the first direction is the X direction
  • the second direction is the Y direction.
  • the side of the isolation member 63 away from the top cover plate 62 is provided with more than two relief grooves 631 spaced apart along the first direction.
  • the protrusion 521 is disposed inside the relief groove 631. In the thickness direction of the protrusion 521, the protrusion 521 is The orthographic projection of 521 is inside the orthographic projection of the relief groove 631, and the relief groove 631 can completely accommodate the protruding portion 521. Therefore, in the manufacturing process, the spacer 63 provided with the relief groove 631 can be produced separately and cooperated with the electrode assembly 5 having the protrusions 521 of various shapes and sizes, thereby saving costs.
  • the spaced relief grooves 631 have the same size and shape, which facilitates production and improves production efficiency.
  • an elastic member 632 is provided in the relief groove 631, and the elastic member 632 can deform reciprocally in the depth direction of the relief groove 631, so that a variety of protrusions 521 with different thicknesses can be arranged in the relief groove 631, improving the The compatibility of the spacer 63 is improved.
  • the elastic member 632 should be made of insulating material, and the stiffness of the elastic member 632 is smaller than the stiffness of the isolation member 63, so as to reduce the interference degree of the elastic member 632 on the protruding portion 521. At the same time, the elastic member 632 can contact the protruding portion 521 to achieve the desired effect. Limiting effect on the protruding portion 521.
  • the elastic body 632 may be an insulating polymer material buffer layer, a spring, a three-dimensional mesh filler or an elastic sheet, etc.
  • the side of the isolator 63 facing away from the top cover plate 62 is provided with more than two relief grooves 631 spaced apart along the first direction
  • there are more than two protrusions 521 each protrusion 521 is located in each relief groove 631, or the electrode body 51 is provided with one protrusion 521, and the protrusion 521 is located in one of the relief grooves 631.
  • the relief groove 631 provided in this way can It is compatible with a variety of different configurations of the protruding portion 521 and improves the compatibility of the isolator 63 .
  • the distance L2 between the two relief grooves 631 is at least 20% of the length of the top cover assembly 6 .
  • the width L3 of the relief groove 631 does not exceed 90% of the width L4 of the spacer 63 .
  • the distance L2 between the two relief grooves 631 is at least 20% of the length of the top cover assembly 6 to prevent the distance between the two relief grooves 631 from being too small and causing the isolator 63 to interfere with the electrode body 51 Insufficient fixing ability causes the electrode body 51 to be misaligned and short-circuit the battery.
  • the two relief grooves 631 are arranged symmetrically with respect to an axis extending along the second direction Y, where the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect.
  • the two relief grooves 631 have the same shape and size.
  • the symmetrically arranged relief grooves 631 have low processing difficulty and are convenient for manufacturing.
  • the isolation member 63 further includes a liquid injection hole 633 provided therethrough, and the liquid injection hole 633 is offset from the relief groove 631 .
  • the liquid injection hole 633 is a small hole that penetrates the top cover 62 and the separator 63 .
  • the liquid injection hole 633 is used to add electrolyte into the electrode assembly 5 .
  • the liquid injection hole 633 is misaligned with the relief groove 631 to prevent the protrusion 521 from blocking the liquid injection hole 633 .
  • the isolator 63 protrudes toward the electrode assembly 5 and is provided with a contact portion 635 , the contact portion 635 is used to contact the electrode body 51 , and the relief groove 631 is provided in Contact portion 635.
  • the separator 63 includes a contact portion 635 protruding toward the electrode assembly 5 .
  • the contact portion 635 abuts the electrode body 51 , which improves the problem of battery short circuit caused by misalignment of the electrode body 5 under the action of external force.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an adapter piece 64 is also included.
  • the adapter piece 64 is connected to the tab 52 .
  • the adapter piece 64 is misaligned with the relief groove 631 .
  • the adapter piece 64 is disposed between the tab 52 and the top cover assembly 6 to ensure that when the tab 52 cannot be directly aligned with the electrode terminal 61, the tab 52 and the top cover assembly 6 can be connected through the adapter piece 64.
  • the protruding portion 521 is provided at one end of the tab 52 close to the electrode body 51 , and the thickness of the protruding portion 521 is smaller than the thickness of the tab 52 , when part of the adapter piece 64 enters the relief groove 631 .
  • the adapter piece 64 will create a gap between the surface of the relief groove 631 and the protruding portion 521, so that the limiting effect of the relief groove 631 on the protruding portion 521 is reduced.
  • the material of the adapter piece 64 is copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy and other metals.
  • the adapter piece 64 is connected to the tab 52 , and the adapter piece 64 is misaligned with the relief slot 631 to prevent the relief slot 631 from being able to connect with the protruding portion due to part of the adapter piece 64 entering the relief slot 631 .
  • 521 abuts, reducing the limiting effect of the isolator 63 on the tab 52 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery cell 3 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the depth of the relief groove 631 is not less than the sum of the thickness of the adapter piece 64 and the thickness of the protrusion 521 .
  • the adapter piece 64 is connected to the protrusion 521 , and at least part of the adapter piece 64 is located in the relief groove 631 to ensure that the isolator 63 does not interfere with the protrusion 521 through the adapter piece 64 .
  • the relief groove 631 is provided between two adjacent tabs 52 in the first direction X.
  • the protrusions 521 are provided between the two tabs 52 in the first direction . Since the extension distance of the protruding portion 521 located outside the two pole lugs 52 in the first direction This part of the protruding portion 521 has a relatively high resistance to deformation. Moreover, it is difficult to manufacture the relief groove 631 that matches this part of the protrusion 521 , which results in half the effort. Therefore, the relief groove 631 is disposed between two adjacent tabs 52 in the first direction.
  • the relief groove 631 is provided between two adjacent tabs 52 in the first direction X, which reduces process difficulty and saves costs.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a top cover plate 62 of a battery cell 3 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is an isolation diagram of a battery cell 3 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Part 63 structural diagram.
  • it also includes an explosion-proof valve hole 65 that passes through the top cover plate 62; the isolation member 63 is provided with a ventilation hole 634 that communicates with the explosion-proof valve hole 65, and the ventilation hole 634 is connected to the explosion-proof valve hole 65.
  • the bit slots 631 are misaligned.
  • the explosion-proof valve is used to release the pressure inside the battery cell 3 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 3 reaches a threshold value.
  • the explosion-proof valve is provided in the middle of the top cover plate 62 .
  • the isolator 63 is provided with ventilation holes 634 , and the ventilation holes 634 are used to discharge the gas in the battery cell 3 .
  • At least part of the orthographic projection of the ventilation hole 634 coincides with the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve hole 651.
  • the ventilation hole 634 is provided in the middle of the isolation member 63 .
  • the ventilation holes 634 are distributed in rows and columns along the first direction X and the second direction Y on the isolation member 63 .
  • the isolation member 63 is provided with a ventilation hole 634 connected with the explosion-proof valve hole 65.
  • the explosion-proof valve will not affect the ventilation of the ventilation hole 634; the ventilation hole 634 and the relief groove 631 are disposed in an offset manner to prevent the protrusion from affecting the electrode assembly. 5. Exhaust air from the ventilation hole 634.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery, including the battery cell provided in the above embodiment.
  • the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application uses the battery cell provided in the above embodiment, and therefore has the same technical effect, which will not be described again.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device, which includes the battery provided in the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • the present application provides a battery cell 3 including a top cover assembly 6 and an electrode assembly 5.
  • the top cover assembly 6 includes a top cover plate 62 and a separator 63.
  • the isolation member 63 is provided on one side of the top cover plate 62;
  • the electrode assembly 5 is disposed on the side of the separator 63 away from the top cover plate 62.
  • the electrode assembly 5 includes an electrode body 51 and tabs 52 extending from the electrode body 51. At least one tab 52 is provided with an electrode body on its peripheral side. 51 connected protrusion 521;
  • the isolator 63 also includes a liquid injection hole 633 provided therethrough.
  • the liquid injection hole 633 is offset from the relief groove 631; the adapter piece 64 is connected to the pole lug 52, and the adapter piece 64 is offset from the relief groove 631; the isolation member 63
  • the ventilation hole 634 and the relief groove 631 are arranged in an offset position.
  • the top cover assembly 6 includes a top cover plate 62 and a spacer 63 , the spacer 63 is disposed on one side of the top cover plate 62 ; the electrode assembly 61 is disposed on a side of the spacer 63 away from the top cover plate 62
  • the electrode assembly 61 includes an electrode body 51 and a tab 52 extending from the electrode body 51. At least one tab 52 is provided with a protruding portion 521 connected to the electrode body 51 on its peripheral side, thereby improving the connection between the tab 52 and the electrode body 51.
  • the surface of the isolator 63 away from the top cover plate 62 is provided with a relief groove 631.
  • the relief groove 631 accommodates at least part of the protruding portion 521, which improves the tab caused by the interference between the isolator 63 and the protruding portion 521. 52 interpolation and other issues, improve the matching relationship between the isolator 63 and the tab 52, and improve the battery performance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种电池单体、电池和用电装置。电池单体包括顶盖组件和电极组件，顶盖组件包括顶盖板和隔离件，隔离件设置在顶盖板的一侧，即隔离件设置在顶盖板和电极组件之间，能够改善顶盖板和电极组件的短路连接；电极组件，设置于隔离件背离顶盖板的一侧，电极组件包括电极主体及由电极主体伸出的极耳，至少一个极耳的周侧连接有与电极主体连接的突出部，突出部提高了极耳与电极主体之间的过流面积；其中，隔离件背离顶盖板的表面设置有让位槽，让位槽用于容纳至少部分突出部，改善了因隔离件与突出部干涉而造成的极耳内插等问题，改善隔离件与极耳的配合关系，提高了电池性能。

Description

电池单体、电池和用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2022年06月28日提交的名称为“电池单体、电池和用电装置”的中国专利申请202221624387.4的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，特别涉及一种电池单体、电池和用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
随着市场对于电池的功率提出了越来越高的需求，人们通过增大极耳与极片区域的过流面积，提高了电池的功率，但目前这种电池的性能仍有待提高。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电池单体电池、和用电装置，能够提高电池性能。
第一方面，本申请提供一种电池单体包括，顶盖组件和电极组件，顶盖组件包括顶盖板和隔离件，隔离件设置在顶盖板的一侧；电极组件，设置于隔离件背离顶盖板的一侧，电极组件包括电极主体及由电极主体伸出的极耳，至少一个极耳的周侧连接有与电极主体连接的突出部；其中，隔离件背离顶盖板的表面设置有让位槽，让位槽用于容纳至少部分突出部。
本申请实施例的方案中，顶盖组件包括顶盖板和隔离件，隔离件设置在顶盖板的一侧；电极组件，设置于隔离件背离顶盖板的一侧，即隔离 件设置在顶盖板和电极组件之间，能够改善顶盖板和电极组件的短路连接。电极组件包括电极主体及由电极主体伸出的极耳，至少一个极耳的周侧连接有与电极主体连接的突出部，提高了极耳与电极主体之间的过流面积；隔离件背离顶盖板的表面设置有让位槽，让位槽至少容纳部分突出部，改善了因隔离件与突出部干涉而造成的极耳内插等问题，改善隔离件与极耳的配合关系，提高电池性能。
在一些实施例中，至少部分让位槽的内壁面与突出部的外表面抵接。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，至少部分让位槽的内壁面与突出部的外表面抵接，使得隔离件可以对突出部起到限位作用，能够改善突出部在外力作用下出现错位而导致电池短路连接的问题。
在一些实施例中，在顶盖板至隔离件的方向上，让位槽的深度L1占隔离件厚度L的20％-80％。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，让位槽深度在L1占隔离件厚度L的20％-80％，避免让位槽深度L1过小导致让位槽干涉突出部，也能够改善让位槽深度过大导致让位槽对突出部的限位效果不足。
在一些实施例中，在顶盖板至隔离件的方向上，让位槽的正投影与突出部的正投影重合。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，让位槽的正投影与突出部的正投影重合，突出部的外表面与让位槽完全抵接，让位槽对突出部的限位效果更好。
在一些实施例中，隔离件背离顶盖板的一侧设置有两个以上沿第一方向间隔分布的让位槽，电极组件上设置有沿第一方向间隔分布的两个以上突出部，各突出部位于各让位槽，或者，电极主体上设置有一突出部，突出部位于其中一个让位槽内。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，隔离件背离顶盖板的一侧设置有两个以上沿第一方向间隔分布的让位槽，电极组件上设置有沿第一方向间隔分布的两个以上突出部，各突出部位于各让位槽，或者，电极主体上设置有一突出部，突出部位于其中一个让位槽内，这样设置的让位槽可以兼容多种不同的突出部设置情况，提高了隔离件的兼容性。
在一些实施例中，在第一方向上，两个让位槽之间的距离至少是顶 盖组件长度的20％。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，两个让位槽之间的距离至少是顶盖组件长度的20％，避免两个让位槽之间的距离过小，隔离件对电极主体的固定能力不足，导致电极主体错位而使得电池短路连接。
在一些实施例中，两个让位槽相对沿第二方向延伸的轴线对称设置，第一方向和第二方向相交。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，对称设置的让位槽，加工难度低，方便制造。
在一些实施例中，隔离件朝向电极组件凸出设置有抵接部，抵接部用于抵接于电极主体，让位槽设置于抵接部。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，隔离件包括朝向电极组件突出的抵接部，抵接部抵接于电极主体，改善了外力作用下电极主体错位导致电池短路的问题。
在一些实施例中，隔离件还包括贯穿设置的注液孔，注液孔与让位槽错位设置。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，注液孔用于向电极组件内加注电解液，注液孔与让位槽错位设置，防止突出部堵塞注液孔。
在一些实施例中，还包括转接片，转接片连接于极耳，转接片与让位槽错位设置。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，转接片连接于极耳，转接片与让位槽错位设置，避免由于部分转接片进入让位槽，导致让位槽不能与突出部抵接。
在一些实施例中，还包括转接片，转接片连接于突出部，至少部分转接片位于让位槽内。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，转接片连接于突出部，至少部分转接片位于让位槽内，保证隔离件不会通过转接片干涉突出部。
在一些实施例中，让位槽设置于在第一方向上相邻的两个极耳之间。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，让位槽设置于在第一方向上相邻的两个极耳之间，降低了工艺难度，节省成本。
在一些实施例中，还包括贯通顶盖板的防爆阀孔；隔离件上设置有与防爆阀孔连通的透气孔，透气孔与让位槽错位设置。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，隔离件上设置有与防爆阀孔连通的透气孔，防爆阀不会影响透气孔透气；透气孔与让位槽错位设置，避免突出部影响电极组件从透气孔排气。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种电池，包括上述任一第一方面实施例的电池单体。
又一方面，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括上述实施例的电池，电池用于提供电能。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1是相关技术中常规电池单体的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例提供的电池模块的结构示意图；
图4是申请一实施例提供的一种电池模块的结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的结构示意图；
图6是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的结构示意图；
图7是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体的结构示意图；
图8是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体的结构示意图；
图9是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体的结构示意图；
图10是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体的隔离件的结构示意图；
图11是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体的结构示意图；
图12是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体的结构示意图；
图13是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的顶盖组件结构示意图；
图14是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的隔离件结构示意图。
在附图中，附图未必按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：
1车辆，2电池，101马达，102控制器，202箱体，2021第一箱体部，2022第二箱体部，201电池模块，3电池单体，3’常规电池单体，4壳体，5电极组件，51电极主体，52极耳，61电极端子，6顶盖组件，6’常规顶盖组件，62顶盖板，63隔离件，63’常规隔离件，521突出部，631让位槽，632弹性件，633注液孔，64转接片，65防爆阀孔，634透气孔，635抵接部。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或组件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连 接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和连接于正极集流部的正极极耳，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极极耳未涂覆正极活性物质层。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和连接于负极集流部的负极极耳，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极极耳未涂覆负极活性物质层。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。
随着电池在人们生活应用中日益广泛，人们对电池的功率提出了更高的要求。人们注意到极耳处薄弱的过流能力是制约电池功率提高的原因之一。因此人们在极耳上设置突出部，通过调节突出部的宽度增大极耳和极片之间的过流面积，以达到提高电池功率的目的。
请参阅图1，图1为相关技术中常规电池单体3’的结构示意图。
申请人注意到，部分常规电池单体3’出现了极耳52内插，短路等性能降低的现象。
为了缓解电池性能降低的问题，申请人研究发现，电池性能降低问题是由于常规顶盖组件6’干涉突出部53造成的。在增设突出部521后，极耳过流能力提高，但常规顶盖组件6’并没有进行适应性调整。这导致了电极组件5不能与常规顶盖组件6’很好的匹配。常规顶盖组件6’的常规隔离件63’会与突出部521发生干涉，在外力作用下，如装配过程或运输过程中，常规隔离件63’的中部结构突出部521可能会被常规隔离件63’挤压至变形或插入电极主体51内，造成极耳52内插，短路等电池性能降低的现象。
基于以上考虑，为了改善极耳内插，短路等电池性能降低的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池单体。在这样的电池单体中，隔离件背离顶盖板的表面设置有让位槽，让位槽用于容纳至少部分突出部521，让位槽降低了隔离件对突出部的干涉程度，改善了因隔离件与突出部521干涉而造成的极耳52内插等问题，改善隔离件与极耳52的配合关系，提高电池性能。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于使用电池的用电装置。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动 螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
应理解，本申请实施例描述的技术方案不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的电池和用电设备，还可以适用于所有包括箱体的电池以及使用电池的用电设备，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1的结构示意图。车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部设置有电池2，电池可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池2可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池2可以作为车辆1的操作电源。车辆1还可以包括控制器102和马达101，控制器102用来控制电池为马达101供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池不仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池2可以包括多个电池单体，电池单体是指组成电池模块或电池包的最小单元。多个电池单体可经由电极端子而被串联和/或并联在一起以应用于各种应用场合。本申请中所提到的电池2包括电池模块或电池包。其中，多个电池单体之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。本申请的实施例中多个电池单体可以直接组成电池包，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池包。
图3示出了本申请一实施例的电池2的结构示意图。
如图3所示，电池包括箱体202和电池单体(图未示出)，电池单体容纳于箱体202内。
箱体202可以是单独的长方体或者圆柱体或球体等简单立体结构，也可以是由长方体或者圆柱体或球体等简单立体结构组合而成的复杂立体结构。箱体202的材质可以是如铝合金、铁合金等合金材料，也可以是如聚碳酸酯、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料等高分子材料，或者是如玻璃纤维加环氧树脂的复合材料。
箱体202用于容纳电池单体，箱体202可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体202可以包括第一箱体部2021和第二箱体部2022，第一箱体部2021与第二箱体部2022相互盖合，第一箱体部2021和第二箱体部2022共同限定出用于容纳电池单体3的容纳空间。第二箱体部2022可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部2021为板状结构，第一箱体部2021盖合于第二箱体部2022的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体202；第一箱体部2021和第二箱体部2022也均可以是一侧开口的空心结构，第一箱体部2021的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部2022的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体202。当然，第一箱体部2021和第二箱体部2022可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部2021与第二箱体部2022连接后的密封性，第一箱体部2021与第二箱体部2022之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部2021盖合于第二箱体部2022的顶部，第一箱体部2021亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部2022亦可称之为下箱盖。
在电池2中，电池单体可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体为多个，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体202内；当然，也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块201，多个电池模块201再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体202内。
图4示出了本申请一实施例的电池模块201的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，如图3和图4所示，电池单体3为多个，多个电池单体3先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块201。多个电池模块201再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体202内。
电池模块201中的多个电池单体3之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现电池模块201中的多个电池单体3的并联或串联或混联。
本申请中，电池单体3可以包括锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体3可呈圆柱 体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体3一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以方体方形电池单体3为例进行说明。
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体3的结构示意图。电池单体3是指组成电池的最小单元。如图5，电池单体3包括有顶盖组件、壳体4和电极组件5。
电极组件5是电池单体3中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体4内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件5。电极组件5主要由极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，极片分为正极片和负级片，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极主体51，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳52。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳52连接电极端子61以形成电流回路。
壳体4是用于配合顶盖组件6以形成电池单体3的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件5、电解液(在图中未示出)以及其他部件。壳体4和顶盖组件6可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体4上设置开口，通过在开口处使顶盖组件6盖合开口以形成电池单体3的内部环境。可选地，也可以使顶盖组件6和壳体4一体化。可选地，顶盖组件6和壳体4可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体4的内部时，再使顶盖组件6盖合壳体4。壳体4可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。壳体4的形状可以根据电极组件5的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体4的材质可以是多种，可选的，壳体4的材质为铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等。
在一些实施例中，如图5所示，顶盖组件6中可以设置两个电极端子61。顶盖组件6的一个电极端子61与电极组件5的一个极耳52(例如正极耳)电连接。顶盖组件6中的另一个电极端子61与电极组件5的另一个极耳52(例如负极耳)电连接。
在另一些实施例中，壳体4的开口还可以为两个。两个开口设置在壳体4相对的两侧。顶盖组件6为两个。两个顶盖组件6分别盖合于壳体4的两个开口处。在这种情况下，顶盖组件6中的电极端子61可以是一个。一个顶盖组件6中的电极端子61通过与电极组件5的一个极耳52(例如正极耳)电连接；另一个顶盖组件6的电极端子61与电极组件5的另一个极耳52(例如负极耳)电连接。
请参照图6，图6是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体3的结构示意图。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图6所示，一种电池单体3包括，顶盖组件6和电极组件5，顶盖组件6包括顶盖板62和隔离件63，隔离件63设置在顶盖板62的一侧；电极组件5设置于隔离件63背离顶盖板62的一侧，电极组件5包括电极主体51及由电极主体51伸出的极耳52，至少一个极耳52的周侧设置有与电极主体51连接的突出部521；其中，隔离件63背离顶盖板62的表面设置有让位槽631，让位槽631用于容纳至少部分突出部521。
顶盖板62盖合于壳体4的开口处，顶盖板62形状应与壳体4开口相同。顶盖板62也可以是多种结构，示例性的，顶盖板62为板状结构。可选的，顶盖板62材料可以是铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等金属。
隔离件63设置在顶盖板62的一侧。隔离件63起到固定和保护电极组件5以及将电极组件5与顶盖组件6绝缘的功能，避免电极组件5在外力作用下移动错位，造成电池性能下降，电池短路的问题。隔离件63可通过嵌套、卡接或粘接设置在顶盖板62的一侧。隔离件63可以通过注塑方式成型，隔离件63形状可以配合顶盖板62形状设置。
可选的，隔离件63由聚苯硫醚(Polyphenyl sulfide；PPS)材料、聚砜(Polysulfone；PSU)材料或纳米材料等一体成型。PPS材料、PSU材料、纳米材料均具有耐高温、耐腐蚀、优越的机械性能和绝缘性能，有助于提高隔离件63的使用寿命，从而提高电池单体3的质量，使得电池单体具有良好的环保性能和防火功效，更符合环保要求。实际生产中，用户可根据电池单体3的结构和成本的需要，采用PPS材料、PSU材料或纳米材 料或其它合适的绝缘材料形成隔离件63。
突出部521可以连接于极耳52周侧的任意位置，例如突出部521设置在极耳52周侧靠近电极主体51的一端。突出部521可以设置于任意极耳52上。突出部521与极耳52和电极主体51连接。突出部521提高了极耳52与电极主体51之间的过流面积，提高了电池性能。
请参阅图7，图7是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体3的结构示意图。
可选的，如图6和图7所示，突出部521可以连接在任一极耳52上，隔离件63上设置有与突出部521对应的让位槽631。
请参阅图8，图8是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体3的结构示意图。
可选的，如图8所示，全部极耳52上都连接有突出部521，隔离件63上设置有与多个突出部521对应的多个让位槽631。可选的，让位槽631与隔离件63在同一工序成型，简化工艺流程。
可选的，让位槽631的厚度不小于突出部521的厚度，避免在外力作用下，隔离件63对突出部521造成干涉。
在本申请实施例提供的电池单体3中，顶盖组件6包括顶盖板62和隔离件63，隔离件63设置在顶盖板62的一侧；电极组件5设置于隔离件63背离顶盖板62的一侧，电极组件5包括电极主体51及由电极主体51伸出的极耳52，至少一个极耳52的周侧设置有与电极主体51连接的突出部521，提高了极耳52与电极主体51之间的过流面积；隔离件63背离顶盖板62的表面设置有让位槽631，让位槽631至少容纳部分突出部521，改善了因隔离件63与突出部521干涉而造成的极耳52内插等问题，改善隔离件63与极耳52的配合关系，提高电池性能。
在一些实施例中，如图8所示，至少部分让位槽631的内壁面与突出部521的外表面抵接。
外力作用下，当突出部521有移动趋势时，让位槽631内壁面与突出部521的外表面抵接，让位槽631能提供给突出部521更大的阻力，能够改善因突出部521错位，例如突出部521翘起等情况造成的电池性能 下降的问题。
可选的，至少部分让位槽631的内壁面与突出部521背离电极主体51一侧的表面抵接，突出部521背离电极主体51一侧表面的面积最大，此表面与让位槽631抵接能有效保证让位槽631对突出部521的固定作用，并节省成本。
在这些实施例中，至少部分让位槽631的内壁面与突出部521的外表面抵接，使得隔离件63可以对突出部521起到限位作用，能够改善突出部521在外力作用下出现错位，导致电池短路的问题。
在一些实施例中，如图8所示，在顶盖板62至隔离件63的方向上，让位槽631的深度L1占隔离件63厚度L的20％-80％。
可选的，让位槽631贯通隔离件63，这样设计的让位槽631加工难度降低。
可选的，在隔离件63长度方向上，让位槽631的长度占隔离件63长度的15％-35％。
在这些实施例中，让位槽631深度在L1占隔离件63厚度L的20％-80％。避免让位槽631深度L1过小导致让位槽631干涉突出部521。也能够改善让位槽631深度过大导致让位槽631对突出部521的限位效果不足。
在一些实施例中，如图8所示，在顶盖板62至隔离件63的方向上，让位槽631的正投影与突出部521的正投影重合。
让位槽631与突出部521背离电极主体的表面抵接，同时让位槽631的正投影和突出部521的正投影重合，让位槽631与突出部521的侧面也全部抵接，此时让位槽631与突出部521的接触面积最大，让位槽631对突出部521提供的阻力最大。
在这些实施例中，让位槽631的正投影与突出部521的正投影重合，突出部521的外表面与让位槽631完全抵接，让位槽631对突出部521提供的阻力最大，让位槽631对突出部521起到更大的限位作用。
请参阅图9和图10，图9是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体的结构示意图。图10是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体的隔离件 的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，如图9和图10所示，隔离件63背离顶盖板62的一侧设置有两个以上沿第一方向X间隔分布的让位槽631，电极组件5上设置有沿第一方向间隔分布的两个以上突出部521，各突出部521位于各让位槽内631，或者，电极主体51上设置有一突出部521，突出部521位于其中一个让位槽631内。
可选的，第一方向为X方向，第二方向为Y方向。
隔离件63背离顶盖板62的一侧设置有两个以上沿第一方向间隔分布的让位槽631，突出部521设置在让位槽631内部，在突出部521的厚度方向上，突出部521的正投影在让位槽631的正投影内部，让位槽631可以完全容纳突出部521。由此在生产制造环节，设置让位槽631的隔离件63可以单独生产，并与具有多种不同形状和尺寸的突出部521的电极组件5配合，节省成本。
可选的，间隔分布的让位槽631的尺寸形状均相同，便于生产，提高生产效率。
可选的，在让位槽631内设置有弹性件632，弹性件632可在让位槽631深度方向上往复变形，以使让位槽631内可以配置多种不同厚度的突出部521，提高了隔离件63的兼容性。弹性件632应由绝缘材料制成，并且弹性件632的刚度小于隔离件63的刚度，降低弹性件632对突出部521的干涉程度，同时弹性件632又可以与突出部521抵接，起到对突出部521的限位作用。
可选的，弹性体632可以是绝缘高分子材料缓冲层、弹簧，立体网状填充物或弹性片等。
在这些实施例中，述隔离件63背离顶盖板62的一侧设置有两个以上沿第一方向X间隔分布的让位槽631，电极组件5上设置有沿第一方向X间隔分布的两个以上突出部521，各突出部521位于各让位槽631，或者，电极主体51上设置有一突出部521，突出部521位于其中一个让位槽631内，这样设置的让位槽631可以兼容多种不同的突出部521设置情况，提高了隔离件63的兼容性。
在一些实施例中，如图9和图10所示，在第一方向X上，两个让位槽631之间的距离L2至少是顶盖组件6长度的20％。
可选的，在第二方向Y上，让位槽631的宽度L3不超过隔离件63宽度L4的90％。
在这些实施例中，两个让位槽631之间的距离L2至少是顶盖组件6长度的20％，避免两个让位槽631之间的距离过小，隔离件63对电极主体51的固定能力不足，导致电极主体51错位而使得电池短路。
在一些实施例中，如图9和图10所示，两个让位槽631相对沿第二方向Y延伸的轴线对称设置，第一方向X和第二方向Y相交。
可选的，两个让位槽631的形状尺寸均相同。
在这些实施例中，对称设置的让位槽631，加工难度低，方便制造。
在一些实施例中，如图9和图10所示，隔离件63还包括贯穿设置的注液孔633，注液孔633与让位槽631错位设置。
注液孔633是贯通顶盖板62和隔离件63的一个小孔，注液孔633用于向电极组件5内加注电解液。
在这些实施例中，注液孔633与让位槽631错位设置，防止突出部521堵塞注液孔633。
在一些实施例中，如图9和图10所示，隔离件63朝向电极组件5凸出设置有抵接部635，抵接部635用于抵接于电极主体51，让位槽631设置于抵接部635。
在这些实施例中，隔离件63包括朝向电极组件5突出的抵接部635，抵接部635抵接于电极主体51，改善了外力作用下电极主体5错位导致电池短路的问题。
请参照图11，图11是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体3的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，如图11所示，还包括转接片64，转接片64连接于极耳52，转接片64与让位槽631错位设置。
转接片64设置在极耳52和顶盖组件6之间，保证在极耳52不 能直接与电极端子61对位时，通过转接片64可以将极耳52和顶盖组件6连通。
由于突出部521设置在极耳52靠近电极主体51的一端，突出部521的厚度小于极耳52的厚度，所以当部分转接片64进入让位槽631之后。转接片64会将让位槽631表面与突出部521之间隔出一个空隙，使让位槽631对突出部521的限位作用降低。
可选的，转接片64的材料为铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等金属。
在这些实施例中，转接片64连接于极耳52，转接片64与让位槽631错位设置，避免由于部分转接片64进入让位槽631，导致让位槽631不能与突出部521抵接，降低隔离件63对极耳52的限位作用。
请参阅图12，图12是本申请一实施例提供的另一种电池单体3的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，如图12所示，还包括转接片64，转接片64连接于突出部521，至少部分转接片64位于让位槽631内。
可选的，让位槽631的深度不小于转接片64的厚度和突出部521的厚度之和。
在这些实施例中，转接片64连接于突出部521，至少部分转接片64位于让位槽631内，保证隔离件63不会通过转接片64干涉突出部521。
在一些实施例中，如图12所示，让位槽631设置于在第一方向X上相邻的两个极耳52之间。
一般情况下，大部分突出部521设置在第一方向X上的两个极耳52之间，第一方向X上相邻的两个极耳52之外的部分只设置有少量的突出部521。由于位于两个极耳52外部的突出部521在第一方向X上的延伸距离极小，因此这部分突出部521所受到的来自于隔离件63的压力较小，同时因为力矩较短，因此这部分突出部521抗变形的能力比较高。并且制造与这部分突出部521匹配的让位槽631的加工难度较高，事倍功半，因此让位槽631设置于在第一方向上相邻的两个极耳52之间。
在这些实施例中，让位槽631设置于在第一方向X上相邻的两个 极耳52之间，降低了工艺难度，节省成本。
请参阅图13和图14，图13是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体3的顶盖板62结构示意图，图14是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体3的隔离件63结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，如图12至图14所示，还包括贯通顶盖板62的防爆阀孔65；隔离件63上设置有与防爆阀孔65连通的透气孔634，透气孔634与让位槽631错位设置。
防爆阀用于在电池单体3的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放电池单体3内部的压力。
可选的，防爆阀设置在顶盖板62的中部。
隔离件63上开设有透气孔634，透气孔634用于排出电池单体3内的气体。
可选的，在隔离件63厚度方向上，至少部分透气孔634的正投影与防爆阀孔651的正投影重合。
可选的，透气孔634设置在在隔离件63的中部。
可选的，透气孔634在隔离件63上沿第一方向X和第二方向Y成行成列分布。
在一些实施例中，隔离件63上设置有与防爆阀孔65连通的透气孔634，防爆阀不会影响透气孔634透气；透气孔634与让位槽631错位设置，避免突出部影响电极组件5从透气孔634排气。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池，包括上述实施例提供的电池单体。
本申请实施例提供的电池，由于采用了上述实施例提供的电池单体，因而具有同样的技术效果，再次不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供过一种用电装置，包括上述实施例提供的电池，电池用于提供电能。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，由于采用了本申请实施例提供的电池，因而具有同样的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
请参阅图2至图14，根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请提供了一种电池单体3包括，顶盖组件6和电极组件5，顶盖组件6包括顶盖板62 和隔离件63，隔离件63设置在顶盖板62的一侧；
电极组件5，设置于隔离件63背离顶盖板62的一侧，电极组件5包括电极主体51及由电极主体51伸出的极耳52，至少一个极耳52的周侧设置有与电极主体51连接的突出部521；
隔离件63背离顶盖板62的表面设置有让位槽631，让位槽631设置于在第一方向上相邻的两个极耳52之间，让位槽631用于容纳突出部521，让位槽631的内壁面与突出部521的外表面抵接，在顶盖板62至隔离件63的方向上，让位槽631的正投影与突出部521的正投影重合；
隔离件63还包括贯穿设置的注液孔633，注液孔633与让位槽631错位设置；转接片64连接于极耳52，转接片64与让位槽631错位设置；隔离件63上设置有与防爆阀孔65连通的透气孔634，透气孔634与让位槽631错位设置。
在这些实施例中，顶盖组件6包括顶盖板62和隔离件63，隔离件63设置在顶盖板62的一侧；电极组件61，设置于隔离件63背离顶盖板62的一侧，电极组件61包括电极主体51及由电极主体51伸出的极耳52，至少一个极耳52的周侧设置有与电极主体51连接的突出部521，提高了极耳52与电极主体51之间的过流面积；隔离件63背离顶盖板62的表面设置有让位槽631，让位槽631至少容纳部分突出部521，改善了因隔离件63与突出部521干涉而造成的极耳52内插等问题，改善隔离件63与极耳52的配合关系，提高了电池性能。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件，尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    顶盖组件，包括顶盖板和隔离件，所述隔离件设置在顶盖板的一侧；
    电极组件，设置于所述隔离件背离所述顶盖板的一侧，所述电极组件包括电极主体及由所述电极主体伸出的极耳，至少一个所述极耳的周侧连接有与电极主体连接的突出部；
    其中，所述隔离件背离所述顶盖板的表面设置有让位槽，所述让位槽用于容纳至少部分所述突出部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，至少部分所述让位槽的内壁面与所述突出部的外表面抵接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，在所述顶盖板至所述隔离件的方向上，所述让位槽的深度L1占所述隔离件的厚度L的20％-80％。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3任一项所述的电池单体，其中，在所述顶盖板至所述隔离件的方向上，所述让位槽的正投影与所述突出部的正投影重合。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述隔离件背离所述顶盖板的一侧设置有两个以上沿第一方向间隔分布的所述让位槽，
    所述电极组件上设置有沿所述第一方向间隔分布的两个以上突出部，各所述突出部位于各所述让位槽，或者，所述电极主体上设置有一突出部，所述突出部位于其中一个所述让位槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体，其中，在所述第一方向上，两个所述让位槽之间的距离至少是所述顶盖组件长度的20％。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6任一项所述的电池单体，其中，两个所述让位槽相对沿第二方向延伸的轴线对称设置，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相交。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述隔离件朝向所述电极组件凸出设置有抵接部，所述抵接部用于抵接于所述电极主体，所述让位槽设置于所述抵接部。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述隔离件还包括贯穿设置的注液孔，所述注液孔与所述让位槽错位设置。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的电池单体，其中，还包括转接片，所述转接片连接于所述极耳，所述转接片与所述让位槽错位设置。
  11. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的电池单体，其中，还包括转接片，所述转接片连接于所述突出部，至少部分所述转接片位于所述让位槽内。
  12. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体，其中，所述让位槽设置于在所述第一方向上相邻的两个所述极耳之间。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任一项所述的电池单体，其中，还包括贯通所述顶盖板的防爆阀孔；
    所述隔离件上设置有与所述防爆阀孔连通的透气孔，所述透气孔与所述让位槽错位设置。
  14. 一种电池，包括根据权利要求1至13任一项所述的电池单体。
  15. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求14所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/115560 2022-06-28 2022-08-29 电池单体、电池和用电装置 WO2024000785A1 (zh)

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