WO2023045192A1 - 嵌合体dna聚合酶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

嵌合体dna聚合酶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2023045192A1
WO2023045192A1 PCT/CN2022/071597 CN2022071597W WO2023045192A1 WO 2023045192 A1 WO2023045192 A1 WO 2023045192A1 CN 2022071597 W CN2022071597 W CN 2022071597W WO 2023045192 A1 WO2023045192 A1 WO 2023045192A1
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seq
dna polymerase
amino acid
dna
domain
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French (fr)
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冯延叶
柴智
冯杰
刘绍辉
孙大鹏
赖煦卉
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武汉爱博泰克生物科技有限公司
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    • C12N9/00Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/10Transferases (2.)
    • C12N9/12Transferases (2.) transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7)
    • C12N9/1241Nucleotidyltransferases (2.7.7)
    • C12N9/1252DNA-directed DNA polymerase (2.7.7.7), i.e. DNA replicase
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
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    • C12Q1/00Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • C12Q1/6844Nucleic acid amplification reactions
    • C12Q1/686Polymerase chain reaction [PCR]
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    • C12Y207/00Transferases transferring phosphorus-containing groups (2.7)
    • C12Y207/07Nucleotidyltransferases (2.7.7)
    • C12Y207/07007DNA-directed DNA polymerase (2.7.7.7), i.e. DNA replicase
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2319/00Fusion polypeptide

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of enzyme engineering, in particular, the present application relates to a chimeric polymerase and its preparation method and use.
  • Polymerase also known as polymerase, is a general term for a class of enzymes that specifically biocatalyze the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
  • DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
  • RNA ribonucleic acid
  • PCR polymerase chain reaction
  • thermostable DNA polymerases belonging to the B family are all Derived from archaea, such as Tli derived from Thermococcus, Pfu and KOD from Pyrococcus, etc.
  • PCR Polymerase chain reaction
  • the present application provides high-fidelity chimeric DNA polymerases.
  • the chimeric DNA polymerase of the present application may also have improved properties, such as better elongation properties, better DNA binding properties, better proofreading activity, better fidelity, faster amplification speed, more Excellent tolerance to inhibitors, better long fragment amplification ability, etc.
  • the chimeric DNA polymerase of the present application may comprise 2-8, for example 3, domains or segments derived from different polymerases.
  • domains or segments include, but are not limited to, exonuclease domains (usually referred to as the N-terminal region), thumb domains, palm and finger domains.
  • the domains or segments can be derived from different DNA polymerases, including but not limited to: Pfu polymerase, KOD polymerase, 9°N polymerase, T4 polymerase and phi29 polymerase, etc.
  • the The polymerase can be derived from various thermophilic bacteria, including but not limited to Thermotoga sp, Thermococcus profundus, Thermococcus gammatolerans, Thermococcus radiotolerans, Pyrococuus sp. NA2, Thermococcus celericrescens, Pyrococcus glycovorans, and Pyrococcus furiosus, etc.
  • the identity between the chimeric DNA polymerases of the present application can reach more than 80%.
  • a chimeric DNA polymerase having DNA replication activity comprising:
  • the first structural domain is selected from the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:576-583 or has at least 70% with one of the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NO:576-583 , a nucleotide sequence encoding at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity;
  • the second structural domain is selected from the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 584-591 or has at least 70% of one of the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NO: 584-591 , a nucleotide sequence encoding at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity; and
  • the third structural domain is selected from the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:592-599 or has at least 70% of one of the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NO:592-599 , at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity.
  • SEQ ID NO:576-599 comes from respectively Thermococcus profundus (deep thermophilic bacteria), Thermococcus gammatolerans (caucasus pyrococcus), Thermococcus radiotolerans (radiation-resistant thermococcus), Pyrococcus sp.NA2 (thermophilic pyrococcus), Thermococcus celericrescens (fast-growing thermococcus), Pyrococcus glycovorans (thermophilus), Pyrococcus furiosus (thermophilic archaea) eight source species.
  • the second structural domain encoded by the nucleotide sequence shown in ID NO: 584-591 is the finger and palm domain.
  • the finger domain or palm domain is mainly responsible for the binding and incorporation of dNTP, and is the active center of the enzyme;
  • SEQ ID The third structural domain coded by the nucleotide sequence shown in NO: 592-599 is the thumb domain, which is mainly related to the continuous synthesis ability of DNA. There is no absolute cleavage in the three regions, and conservative cleavage and combination are carried out according to the structure and sequence characteristics, so as to construct the diversity of the enzyme library.
  • the first domain is SEQ ID NO: 583 or 581
  • the second domain is SEQ ID NO: 586 or 591
  • the third domain is a combination of SEQ ID NO: 596 or 598
  • the enzyme has good elongation ability
  • the first structural domain is SEQ ID NO: 578 or 582
  • the second structural domain is SEQ ID NO: 586 or 590
  • the third structural domain is a combination of SEQ ID NO: 592, 593 or 594
  • Polymerases have a relatively fast extension rate.
  • the chimeric DNA polymerase of the present application comprises a first structural domain encoded by a nucleotide sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 576-583, and a domain selected from SEQ ID NO: 584-591
  • the chimeric DNA polymerase of the present application comprising the above-mentioned first domain, second domain and third domain further comprises or has one or more amino acid substitutions.
  • the amino acid substitution may be one or more amino acid substitutions selected from amino acids corresponding to the following positions: 5, 6, 11, 15, 16, 18, 22, 24, 25, 28, 30, 33, 35, 36, 38, 43, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 56, 57, 61, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 72, 73, 80, 81, 84, 88, 89, 90, 94, 96, 99, 100, 102, 104, 107, 110, 126, 127, 132, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 153, 154, 158, 165, 166, 167, 169, 176, 180, 182, 183, 185, 186, 188, 189, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198,
  • amino acid substitutions may be selected from one or more of the following:
  • SEQ ID NO: 575 is derived from Pyrococcus furiosus, and the sequences of the three structural domains are as follows:
  • the chimeric DNA polymerase of the present application has improved characteristics, such as better Mg 2+ tolerance, better SDS tolerance, better TE tolerance, better long Fragment amplification ability, etc.
  • the amino acid substitution may be one or more amino acid substitutions selected from amino acids corresponding to the following positions: 210, 213, 377, 378, 407, 408, 409, 410, 474, 501.
  • the inventors of the present application have found that the amino acids at positions 408, 409 and/or 410 are related to the binding ability of dNTPs and belong to the active center, which directly affects the amplification efficiency and yield of the polymerase; the amino acids at positions 210 and/or 213 Amino acids at positions are related to the tolerance of inhibitors, for example, when the amino acids at positions 210 and 213 are D, the range of inhibitor tolerance is significantly improved; the amino acids at positions 210 and/or 213 are directly related to exonuclease activity Related, because mutations at this site are directly related to fidelity and proofreading activity of the polymerase; amino acids at positions 501, 474, and/or 377 are related to the amplification efficiency of the polymerase, so mutations at this site can Improve
  • the application also provides a DNA polymerase mutant with DNA replication activity, which comprises an amino acid sequence, and when aligned with the reference polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO:575, said amino acid sequence comprises one or more of the following Amino acid substitutions of amino acids at positions: 5, 6, 11, 15, 16, 18, 22, 24, 25, 28, 30, 33, 35, 36, 38, 43, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 56, 57, 61, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 72, 73, 80, 81, 84, 88, 89, 90, 94, 96, 99, 100, 102, 104, 107, 110, 126, 127, 132, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 153, 154, 158, 165, 166, 167, 169, 176, 180, 182, 183, 185, 186, 188, 189, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 206,
  • the DNA polymerase mutant has at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 98% or at least 99% sequence identity.
  • the DNA polymerase mutant has improved properties, such as better Mg tolerance, better SDS tolerance, better TE tolerance, better long fragment expansion capabilities, etc.
  • the amino acid sequence of the mutant DNA polymerase comprises one or more amino acid substitutions corresponding to amino acids at positions: 210, 213, 377, 378, 407, 408, 409, 410, 474 , 501.
  • the DNA polymerase of the present application comprises an amino acid sequence having at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80% of the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1-574 , at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity.
  • the DNA polymerase of the present application comprises the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 1-574. Examples are as follows:
  • SEQ ID NO:564 is composed of the first structural domain SEQ ID NO:583, the second structural domain SEQ ID NO:586 and the third structural domain SEQ ID NO:596, which contains V5A, D6N, E11D, V15I, L18I, K25E, I28V, H30Y, T33N, R43K, K47Q, E49D, G56A, E72K, K78R, T81E, L86F, T95A, E98D, V100I, E132D, I137L, G153A, E167G, N175K, I176V, R196K, I157V, V207V, I2 F216L, A220V, T231P, I232L, I244L, V252I, T265R, D293H, K297E, S301T, E303K, N304G, A318V, K324R, L327F, I331A, F356Y and V367I.
  • SEQ ID NO:561 is composed of the first structural domain SEQ ID NO:583, the second structural domain SEQ ID NO:586 and the third structural domain SEQ ID NO:598, which contains V5A, D6N, E11D, V15I, L18I, K25E, I28V, H30Y, T33N, R43K, K47Q, E49D, G56A, E72K, K78R, T81E, L86F, T95A, E98D, V100I, E132D, G153A, E167G, N175K, I176V, R196K, I197L, I205V, F2105V, V210 A220V, T231P, I232L, I244L, V252I, T265R, D293H, K297E, S301T, E303K, N304G, A318V, K324R, L327F, I331A, F356Y and V367I.
  • SEQ ID NO:287 is composed of the first structural domain SEQ ID NO:519, the second structural domain SEQ ID NO:584 and the third structural domain SEQ ID NO:595, which contains V5A, E11D, V15I, K25R, I28V, H30Y, T33N, R43K, K47A, E49D, E50D, K52R, G56S, E57K, I62V, I65V, V66I, E72K, K78R, T81E, L86F, T95A, I96M, E98D, V100I, V107I, E132N, K136T, F1640V, E N175K ⁇ S185A ⁇ S186N ⁇ F194L ⁇ L195I ⁇ R196K ⁇ I197V ⁇ I205V ⁇ V ⁇ V207I ⁇ S213N ⁇ P217A ⁇ A220L ⁇ I228M ⁇ T231P ⁇ I232L ⁇ G236N ⁇ I244L ⁇ M247S ⁇ T248L ⁇
  • SEQ ID NO:503 is composed of the first structural domain SEQ ID NO:581, the second structural domain SEQ ID NO:590 and the third structural domain SEQ ID NO:594, which contains E10D, V14I, L18I, I28V, H30Y, T33N, R43K, K47Q, K52R, G56A, V66I, K78R, K83R, L86F, T95A, E98D, P104S, V107I, E132D, N175K, R196K, I205V, V207I, F216L, A220V, I244L, V252I, K367L, K297RE and.
  • SEQ ID NO:532 is composed of the first structural domain SEQ ID NO:583, the second structural domain SEQ ID NO:588 and the third structural domain SEQ ID NO:596, which contains V5A, D6N, E11D, V15I, L18I, K25E, I28V, H30Y, T33N, R43K, K47Q, E49D, G56A, E72K, K78R, T81E, L86F, T95A, E98D, V100I, E132D, G153A, E167G, N175K, I176V, R196K, I197L, I205V, F2105V, V210 A220V, T231P, I232L, I244L, V252I, T265R, D293H, K297E, S301T, E303K, N304G, A318V, K324R, L327F, I331A, F356Y and V367L.
  • SEQ ID NO: 78 is composed of the first structural domain SEQ ID NO: 578, the second structural domain SEQ ID NO: 586 and the third structural domain SEQ ID NO: 598, which contains V5T, E11N, L18V, K24E, H30Y, R35E, I38F, R43K, K47A, E50D, I54V, G56A, K61T, I65V, V66K, D67R, V68A, E72Q, K73R, K78R, T81E, L86F, E87T, T95A, E98D, V100I, E102A, V107I, F113DY, E1 K136T ⁇ K154T ⁇ I158L ⁇ E165G ⁇ E166S ⁇ K169R ⁇ N175K ⁇ E182D ⁇ S186T ⁇ R188K ⁇ I198V ⁇ R199K ⁇ I205V ⁇ I206L ⁇ V207I ⁇ S213N ⁇ A220K ⁇ A223C ⁇ L230F ⁇ I232L ⁇ M301I
  • SEQ ID NO:406 is composed of the first structural domain SEQ ID NO:580, the second structural domain SEQ ID NO:591 and the third structural domain SEQ ID NO:596, which contains E11D, I15V, I16V, L18I, K25E, H30Y, T33N, R35E, R43K, K47A, G56A, I62V, I65V, V66K, D67R, V68A, E72K, K78R, T81E, L86F, T95A, E98D, V100I, F110Y, E132D, I158L, K169R, N175K, I1976V, R199K ⁇ I205V ⁇ I206L ⁇ V207I ⁇ S213N ⁇ P217A ⁇ A220K ⁇ A223C ⁇ L230F ⁇ I232L ⁇ M241I ⁇ I244M ⁇ M247R ⁇ T248F ⁇ E251D ⁇ H262P ⁇ T265R ⁇ D293E ⁇ K297E ⁇
  • SEQ ID NO:403 is composed of the first structural domain SEQ ID NO:580, the second structural domain SEQ ID NO:591 and the third structural domain SEQ ID NO:598, which contains E11D, I15V, I16V, L18I, K25E, H30Y, T33N, R35E, R43K, K47A, G56A, I62V, I65V, V66K, D67R, V68A, E72K, K78R, T81E, L86F, T95A, E98D, V100I, F110Y, E132D, I158L, K169R, N175K, I1976V, R199K ⁇ I205V ⁇ I206L ⁇ V207I ⁇ S213N ⁇ P217A ⁇ A220K ⁇ A223C ⁇ L230F ⁇ I232L ⁇ M241I ⁇ I244M ⁇ M247R ⁇ T248F ⁇ E251D ⁇ H262P ⁇ T265R ⁇ D293E ⁇ K297E ⁇
  • the present application also relates to biologically active fragments of the DNA polymerase of the present application, such fragments are considered to be included in the terms "DNA polymerase of the present application", “chimeric DNA polymerase of the present application” and “DNA polymerase of the present application”. Mutants".
  • the biologically active fragment of the DNA polymerase of the present application includes fewer amino acids than the full-length protein, but exhibits at least one biological activity of the corresponding full-length protein.
  • a biologically active fragment comprises at least one domain or motif or segment of a DNA polymerase protein of the present application.
  • Biologically active fragments lacking partial regions of the protein can be prepared by recombinant technology, and the fragments can be evaluated for one or more biological activities possessed by the full-length form of the DNA polymerase of the present application.
  • DNA polymerase used in this application refers to an enzyme for replicating DNA, which uses DNA as a template for replication, and copies DNA from the 5' end to the 3' end.
  • DNA polymerases have the activity of catalyzing DNA synthesis in the presence of templates, primers, dNTPs, etc., and optionally auxiliary activities.
  • amino acid used in this application refers to a compound in which the hydrogen atom on the carbon atom of a carboxylic acid is replaced by an amino group, and the amino acid molecule contains two functional groups, an amino group and a carboxyl group. Similar to hydroxy acids, amino acids can be divided into ⁇ -, ⁇ -, ⁇ -...w-amino acids according to the different positions of the amino group on the carbon chain, but the amino acids obtained after protein hydrolysis are all ⁇ -amino acids, and There are only two dozen kinds, and they are the basic unit of protein.
  • PCR or "polymerase chain reaction” used in this application is a molecular biology technique used to amplify specific DNA fragments. It can be regarded as a special DNA replication outside the body.
  • the primer and single strand combine according to the principle of base complementary pairing, and then adjust the temperature to the optimal reaction temperature of DNA polymerase (around 72°C) , DNA polymerase synthesizes the complementary strand along the direction from the phosphate to the five-carbon sugar (5'-3').
  • the PCR instrument based on polymerase is actually a temperature control device, which can well control the denaturation temperature, renaturation temperature and extension temperature.
  • PCR reaction elements There are mainly five substances involved in the PCR reaction, namely, primers, enzymes, dNTPs, templates and Mg 2+ , which can be called reaction elements.
  • Primers are the key to specific reactions in PCR, and the specificity of PCR products depends on the degree of complementarity between primers and template DNA.
  • Mg 2+ has a significant impact on the specificity and yield of PCR amplification.
  • concentration of various dNTPs is 200umol/L
  • the appropriate concentration of Mg 2+ is 1.5-2.0mmol/L. If the concentration of Mg 2+ is too high, the specificity of the reaction will be reduced and non-specific amplification will occur. If the concentration is too low, the activity of DNA polymerase will be reduced and the reaction products will be reduced.
  • domain refers to any structural fragment of a polymerase or a region with specific activity, such as a DNA binding region, a nucleotide polymerization region, a dNTP binding region, a strand displacement binding region, a proofreading active region, etc.
  • inhibitor resistance refers to the ability of DNA polymerase to substantially maintain its enzymatic activity in the presence of substances that have an adverse effect on PCR, including but not limited to Mg 2+ tolerance, SDS resistance Tolerance, TE tolerance, etc. Tolerance to an inhibitor can be measured by the maximum inhibitor concentration at which the DNA polymerase is still substantially active.
  • Mg 2+ tolerance may refer to the ability to substantially maintain DNA polymerase activity in the presence of Mg 2+ above 2 mM, 4 mM, 6 mM, 8 mM or 10 mM.
  • SDS tolerance may refer to the ability to substantially maintain DNA polymerase activity in the presence of greater than 0.00125%, 0.0025%, 0.005% SDS, 0.01% SDS or 0.02% SDS.
  • TE tolerance may refer to the ability to substantially maintain DNA polymerase activity in the presence of higher than 0.03125X TE, 0.0625X TE, 0.125X TE, 0.25X TE, 0.5X TE, 1X TE .
  • substantially as used herein means that the DNA polymerase retains 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 75% of its , 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 98%, or more than 99% DNA polymerase activity.
  • the assay of interest may be a semi-quantitative or quantitative PCR amplification experiment.
  • the assay of interest can also be, for example, a DNA binding assay, a nucleotide polymerization assay, a primer extension assay, a strand displacement assay, a reverse transcriptase assay, a proofreading assay, an accuracy assay, a thermostability assay, an ionic stability assay Determination etc.
  • long fragment amplification ability refers to the ability of DNA polymerase to generate long fragments through PCR reaction.
  • long fragment amplification ability may refer to the ability to amplify continuous DNA fragments larger than 1kb, 2kb, 3kb, 4kb, 5kb, 6kb, 7kb, 8kb, 9kb or 10kb.
  • substitution or "amino acid replacement” used in this application refers to the replacement of at least one amino acid residue in a specific amino acid sequence with another different amino acid residue.
  • the representation of substitution is well known in the art, for example, T5V/A refers to replacing the T in the 5th position with V or A, and D6N refers to replacing the D in the 6th position with N.
  • amino acid substitutions are conservative substitutions.
  • Constant substitution refers to the substitution of one amino acid for another amino acid having a common property. A way to functionally define common properties between individual amino acids is to analyze the normalized frequency of amino acid changes between corresponding proteins in homologous organisms (Schulz (1979) Principles of Protein Structure, Springer-Verlag).
  • groups of amino acids can be identified in which amino acids within a group preferentially replace each other such that their effects on the overall structure of the protein are most similar (Schulz (1979) supra).
  • groups of amino acids defined in this way include: “charged/polar family”, including Glu, Asp, Asn, Gln, Lys, Arg and His; "aromatic or cyclic family”, including Pro, Phe, Tyr and Trp; and "aliphatic”, including Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, Met, Ser, Thr, and Cys. Within each family, sub-families can also be determined.
  • the family of charged/polar amino acids can be subdivided into subfamilies including: the "positively charged subfamily” includes Lys, Arg, and His; the "negatively charged subfamily” includes Glu and Asp; and the "positively charged subfamily” includes Glu and Asp; "Polar subfamily” includes Asn and Gln.
  • the aromatic or cyclic family can be subdivided into subfamilies including: the "nitrocyclic subfamily", which includes Pro, His, and Trp; and the "phenyl subfamily", which includes Phe and Tyr.
  • aliphatic groups can be subdivided into subfamilies including: "large aliphatic nonpolar subfamily” including Val, Leu, and Ile; "aliphatic slightly polar subfamily” including Met, Ser, Thr and Cys; and the "small residue subfamily” includes Gly and Ala.
  • conservative mutations include amino acid substitutions of amino acids within the above subgroups, such as, but not limited to: Lys for Arg or vice versa to maintain a positive charge; Glu for Asp or vice versa to maintain a negative charge; Ser for Thr or vice versa , so that free -OH can be kept; Gln replaces Asn or vice versa, so that free -NH2 can be kept.
  • a “conservative variant” is a polypeptide comprising a reference polypeptide (e.g., the sequence has been published in the literature or a sequence database, or One or more amino acids of one or more amino acids of a polypeptide whose sequence is determined by nucleic acid sequencing.
  • Native or wild-type refers to the form as found in nature.
  • a native or wild-type polypeptide or polynucleotide sequence is a sequence that exists in an organism, such as a DNA polymerase sequence that has not been intentionally modified by human manipulation.
  • nucleic acid or polypeptide sequences is defined as the difference in a candidate sequence with the The percentage of identical nucleotide or amino acid residues in known polypeptides. N-terminal or C-terminal insertions or deletions should not be interpreted as affecting homology.
  • Homology or identity at the nucleotide or amino acid sequence level can be determined by BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) analysis using algorithms implemented by the programs blastp, blastn, blastx, tblastn and tblastx programs (Altschul (1997), Nucleic Acids Res. 25, 3389-3402, and Karlin (1990), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
  • the BLAST program uses an approach that first considers similar segments with and without gaps between the query sequence and the database sequence, then evaluates the statistical significance of all identified matches, and finally summarizes only those that satisfy a preselected significance Threshold matches.
  • Search parameters for histogram, description, alignment, expected value (ie, statistical significance threshold for reporting matches against database sequences), cutoff, matrix and filtering (low complexity) may be default settings.
  • the default scoring matrix used by blastp, blastx, tblastn, and tblastx is the BLOSUM62 matrix (Henikoff (1992), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 10915-10919), recommended for use with lengths greater than 85 units (nucleotide bases). base or amino acid) query sequence.
  • nucleic acids nucleic acid constructs and host cells
  • the application also provides an isolated nucleic acid comprising a sequence encoding a DNA polymerase described herein.
  • the present application also relates to isolated polynucleotides encoding at least one functional domain of the DNA polymerases of the present application. Typically, such functional domains comprise one or more substitutions as described herein.
  • nucleic acid molecules of the present application can be produced using standard molecular biology techniques well known to those skilled in the art in combination with the sequence information provided herein.
  • desired nucleic acid can be generated by PCR or synthesized de novo using standard synthetic techniques.
  • nucleic acid As used herein, the terms “nucleic acid,” “polynucleotide,” and “nucleic acid molecule” are used interchangeably and are intended to include DNA molecules and RNA molecules (such as mRNA) as well as DNA or RNA produced using nucleotide analogs analogues of . Nucleic acid molecules can be single-stranded or double-stranded, but are preferably double-stranded DNA. "Isolated nucleic acid” or “isolated polynucleotide” are used interchangeably herein to refer to a DNA or RNA that is identical to that found in the native genome of the organism from which the DNA or RNA is derived.
  • the two immediately adjacent coding sequences (one at the 5' end and one at the 3' end) of the DNA or RNA are not directly adjacent.
  • the term thus encompasses, for example, recombinant DNA incorporated into a vector, into an autonomously replicating plasmid or virus, or into the genomic DNA of a prokaryote or eukaryote, or as a sequence independent of other sequences Recombinant DNA in the presence of individual molecules (eg, cDNA or genomic DNA fragments produced by PCR or restriction endonuclease treatment).
  • the term also includes recombinant DNA that is part of a hybrid gene that encodes an additional polypeptide.
  • nucleic acid constructs comprising said nucleic acid, which may be operably linked to control sequences that permit replication or expression of said nucleic acid in a host cell, said control sequences including, but not limited to, promoters, enhancers, subs, terminators, origins of replication, etc.
  • control sequences including, but not limited to, promoters, enhancers, subs, terminators, origins of replication, etc.
  • nucleic acid construct refers herein to segments that have been modified to contain nucleic acids combined and juxtaposed in a manner that does not occur in nature.
  • a nucleic acid construct may refer to an expression cassette, expression vector or replicating vector.
  • An expression vector can be any vector (eg, a plasmid or virus) that can be conveniently subjected to recombinant DNA procedures and that can result in the expression of a nucleic acid sequence encoding a DNA polymerase of the present application.
  • the choice of vector generally depends on the compatibility of the vector with the host cell into which it is to be introduced.
  • Vectors can be linear or closed circular plasmids.
  • the vector may be an autonomously replicating vector, ie, a vector that exists as an extrachromosomal entity whose replication is independent of chromosomal replication, eg, a plasmid, extrachromosomal element, minichromosome or artificial chromosome.
  • suitable episomal nucleic acid constructs may be based, for example, on the yeast 2 ⁇ or pKD1 plasmids.
  • the expression vector may be one that integrates into the genome when introduced into a host cell and replicates together with the chromosome into which it has been integrated.
  • the present application also relates to host cells comprising a nucleic acid or nucleic acid construct as described herein.
  • the nucleic acid constructs and vectors of the present application can be designed to express the DNA polymerase of the present application in prokaryotic host cells or eukaryotic host cells.
  • Suitable host cells for expressing the polymerase of the present application are well known in the art, including but not limited to bacterial cells such as Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus kefir, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus small (Lactobacillus minor), Streptomyces, and Salmonella typhimurium cells; fungal cells, such as yeast cells (such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Pichia pastoris); insect cells Drosophila S2 and Lepidoptera Sf9 cells; animal cells Such as CHO, COS, BHK, 293 and Bowes melanoma cells; and plant cells. Suitable media and growth conditions for the above-mentioned host cells are well known in the art.
  • Polynucleotides for expressing polymerase polypeptides can be introduced into cells by various methods known in the art, including but not limited to electroporation, bioparticle bombardment, liposome-mediated transfection, calcium chloride transfection, and protoplasts body fusion etc.
  • Various methods for introducing polynucleotides into cells are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the present application also relates to a kit comprising the DNA polymerase, nucleic acid, nucleic acid construct or host cell described herein.
  • the kit can include various reagents and containers for polynucleotide synthesis, including synthesis in PCR.
  • a kit according to the present application may also comprise one or more of the following: polynucleotide precursors, primers, buffers, instructions for use, and controls.
  • the present application also relates to compositions comprising the DNA polymerase described herein.
  • the composition may eg be a PCR reaction system comprising eg primers, buffer, dNTPs, template and/or Mg 2+ .
  • the application also relates to a method for preparing DNA polymerase
  • the method includes:
  • a chimeric polypeptide comprising a first domain, a second domain and a third domain is provided, wherein the first domain is encoded by a nucleotide sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 576-583, the second The second domain is encoded by a nucleotide sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 584-591, and the third domain is encoded by a nucleotide sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 592-599;
  • Said position is defined with reference to SEQ ID NO:575;
  • the chimeric polypeptide comprising the first domain, the second domain and the third domain can be provided by means of seamless cloning.
  • the method comprises: introducing one or more amino acid substitutions selected from the following in the polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO:575:
  • Said position is defined with reference to SEQ ID NO:575.
  • the present application also relates to a method for amplifying nucleic acid, the method comprising using the DNA polymerase described in the present application, the kit, the composition (PCR reaction system) or the DNA polymerase prepared by the preparation method of the present application to amplify DNA sequence.
  • the method is by contacting the nucleic acid with the DNA polymerase of the present application or a biologically active fragment thereof under conditions suitable for amplifying the nucleic acid; using polymerase chain reaction, isothermal amplification reaction, recombinase polymerase Nucleic acids are amplified by amplification reactions, rolling circle amplification, or strand displacement amplification.
  • Amplification includes amplifying nucleic acids in solution, or amplifying nucleic acids on solid supports, such as nucleic acid beads, flow cells, nucleic acid arrays, or wells present on the surface of a solid support.
  • PCR polymerase chain reaction
  • hot start PCR touchdown PCR
  • nested PCR inverse PCR
  • site-directed PCR mutagenesis RT-PCR
  • RACE multiplex PCR
  • asymmetric PCR in situ PCR
  • quantitative PCR whole genome amplification
  • error-prone PCR etc.
  • the present application also relates to methods of improving the properties of DNA polymerases.
  • the method includes: replacing the corresponding structure of the DNA polymerase to be improved with one or more structural domains selected from one of the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NO: 576-599. area.
  • the method includes:
  • One or more amino acid substitutions selected from the group consisting of:
  • the improved properties may be selected from one or more of the following: better elongation properties, better DNA binding properties, better proofreading activity, better fidelity, faster amplification speed , better tolerance to inhibitors, better long fragment amplification ability.
  • the improved properties are selected from one or more of the following: better Mg tolerance, better SDS tolerance, better TE tolerance, better Excellent long fragment amplification ability.
  • Figure 1 exemplarily shows the sequence alignment of polymerases.
  • the sequence alignment result is an amino acid sequence alignment of polymerases derived from thermophilic bacteria. The similarity is more than 85%.
  • the amino acid sequences marked with "*" are the same, and the amino acid sequences marked with ".” are different.
  • the amino acid sequences of the eight template polymerases are 1-8.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows the process of building a chimeric polymerase library.
  • Block A can be derived from 8 structural domains from different sources, block B is also derived from the structural domain of template 1-8, and block C is also derived from the structural domain of template 1-8.
  • the nucleotide sequence is block A1-A8; block B1-B8; block C1-C8.
  • Figure 3 exemplarily shows the Mg2+ tolerance test.
  • Lane 1 0mM Mg2+; Lane 2: 2mM Mg2+; Lane 3: 4mM Mg2+; Lane 4: 6mM Mg2+; Lane 5: 8mM Mg2+; Lane 6: 10mM Mg2+. All concentrations are final concentrations of the reaction.
  • Mg2+ source MgCl2, MgSO4 can be. The results show that the chimeric polymerase can tolerate 0-10mM Mg2+.
  • Figure 4 exemplarily shows the SDS tolerance test.
  • Lane 1 0% SDS; Lane 2: 0.00125% SDS; Lane 3: 0.0025% SDS; Lane 4: 0.005% SDS; Lane 5: 0.01% SDS; Lane 6: 0.02% SDS; Lane 7: 0.04% SDS; 8: 0.08% SDS. All concentrations are final concentrations of the reaction. The results showed that the chimeric polymerase was tolerant to 0.02% SDS.
  • Figure 5 exemplarily shows the TE tolerance test.
  • Lane 1 0X; Lane 2: 0.03125X TE; Lane 3: 0.0625X TE; Lane 4: 0.125X TE; Lane 5: 0.25X TE; Lane 6: 0.5X TE; Lane 7: 1X TE; Lane 8: 2X te. All concentrations are final concentrations of the reaction. The results indicate that the chimeric polymerase is tolerant to 1X TE.
  • Figure 6 exemplarily shows the amplification of different sizes of human gDNA.
  • Lane 1 1Kb; Lane 2: 2Kb; Lane 3: 3Kb; Lane 4: 4kb TE; Lane 5: 5kb; Lane 6: 6kb; Lane 7: 7kb; Lane 8: kb; Lane 9: 9kb; Lane 10: 10kb .
  • the results indicate that the chimeric polymerase can amplify long fragments.
  • Embodiment 1 Preparation of chimeric polymerase
  • Plasmids are all from plasmid models kept in the laboratory; dNTP (RK20120, ABclonal), Pfu-fast 2X PCR Master Mix (RK20652, ABclonal), 2X MultiF Seamless Assembly Mix (RK21020, ABclonal)
  • Upstream primer (10 ⁇ M) 1 ⁇ L Downstream primer (10 ⁇ M) 1 ⁇ L template DNA 10ng Pfu-fast 2X PCR Master Mix 25 ⁇ L
  • the common DNA product purification kit (common DNA product purification kit, DP204, Tiangen Biochemical Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.) was used for purification.
  • adsorption column CB2 (the adsorption column is placed in a collection tube), place at room temperature for 2 minutes, centrifuge at 12000rpm ( ⁇ 13400 ⁇ g) for 30-60s, pour out the waste liquid in the collection tube, and put Put the adsorption column CB2 into the collection tube.
  • the volume of the adsorption column is 800 ⁇ l, if the sample volume is greater than 800 ⁇ l, it can be added in batches.
  • 96-well PCR plate (Axygen, Cat. No.: PCR-96m2-hs-c, no sterilization required), 48-well deep-well plate (Sanko, Cat. No. F600480-0001, autoclaved and dried before use) , 96-well deep-well plate (NEST, product number 503001, no sterilization required) and matching silica gel cover (sterilization required), 96-well filter plate (Sanko, product number B615006, no sterilization required), quartz sand, DEAE filler (GE) , DNase I (Abclonal, catalog number: RK20538), 8 strips of 100 ⁇ L PCR tubes (Axygen, catalog number: PCR-0108-LP-RT-C).
  • Ultra-clean bench (Sujing Antai, SW-CJ-1FD), refrigerated centrifuge (Xiangyi, L530R), small constant temperature oscillator (Jingqi, IS-RSD81), gene amplification instrument (Dongsheng, ETC811), High-throughput tissue grinder (Shanghai Wanbai, Wonbio-96), microplate reader (SYNERG, H1), precision constant temperature water tank (Shanghai Yiheng, BWS-12), etc.
  • strain storage record form (9) Make a strain storage record form.
  • the content of the form includes: strain name, corresponding well position of each strain, 96-well plate number, culture time, operator, and various abnormal conditions (no growth or wrong samples, etc.).
  • the content of the form includes: strain number, corresponding well position of each strain, plate number, culture time, operator, abnormal conditions (no growth, no induction, wrong position, etc.).
  • 4DEAE sample loading add KCl solution (final concentration 190mM, 34uL of 3M KCl solution (Vetec) into each well) to the inactivated protein sample, place in a small shaker at room temperature, shake and mix at 700rpm for 5min. Transfer the sample to the well-balanced DEAE filler (in the 96-well filter plate) with a row gun, and the positions of each hole correspond to each other, and then fix the 96-well filter plate and the 96-well deep-well plate connected to the liquid below with adhesive tape. Put it into a small constant temperature oscillator, at room temperature, and shake at 1000rpm for 2h. Centrifuge at 3000rpm for 2min to obtain the purified protein sample and temporarily store it at 4°C.
  • KCl solution final concentration 190mM, 34uL of 3M KCl solution (Vetec) into each well
  • Electrophoresis conditions use 15-well SDS-PAGE gel (separating gel concentration 12%), load 10 ⁇ L of sample in each well.
  • Results processing mark the sample number and plate position (including the number of the 96-well plate) on the gel map, and count the expression status.
  • Embodiment 2 Application test of chimeric polymerase
  • sequence tested in this example is SEQ ID NO: 278, and it is specifically tested for its magnesium ion tolerance, TE buffer tolerance, SDS tolerance, long fragment amplification ability, etc. .
  • the templates used in this example are Escherichia coli gDNA and human gDNA, wherein the target gene of Escherichia coli gDNA is 16S, and the size is 400-500bp (template extracted by Tiangen kit); the target fragment size of human gDNA is 0.5kb-10kb ( Tiangen kit extraction).
  • composition of 1X buffer was: 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.8, 10 mM (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 1.5 mM MgSO 4 , 100 mM KCl.
  • the final concentration of dNTP is 200uM; the final concentration of primer is 200nM.
  • the input amount of the template was 10ng.

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Abstract

嵌合体DNA聚合酶及其制备方法。所述嵌合体DNA聚合酶包含2-8个,例如3个来源于不同聚合酶的结构域或区段。该嵌合体DNA聚合酶具有改进的特性,例如更优的延伸特性、更优的DNA结合特性,更优的校正活性,更优的保真度,更快的扩增速度,更优的对抑制剂的耐受性,更优的长片段扩增能力等。

Description

嵌合体DNA聚合酶及其制备方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年9月23日提交的申请号为202111114932.5、发明名称为“嵌合体DNA聚合酶及其制备方法”的专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本申请涉及酶工程领域,具体地,本申请涉及嵌合体聚合酶及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
聚合酶(polymerase)又称多聚酶,是专门生物催化合成脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)和核糖核酸(RNA)的一类酶的统称。1957年,美国科学家阿瑟·科恩伯格首次在大肠杆菌中发现DNA聚合酶,这种酶被称为DNA聚合酶I。1970年,德国科学家罗尔夫·克尼佩尔斯发现DNA聚合酶II。随后,DNA聚合酶III被发现。
DNA聚合酶作为聚合酶链式反应(PCR)的重要因素之一,在PCR过程中起着至关重要的作用。从某种意义上来说,PCR技术就是耐热DNA聚合酶的技术。目前发现的耐热DNA聚合酶均属于A家族或B家族。属于A家族的都来源于真细菌,例如来源于栖热属的Taq、Tth、Tca(T.caldophilus)、Tfl、TfI以及来源于芽孢菌属的Bst;属于B家族的耐热DNA聚合酶均来源于古细菌,例如来源于高温球菌属的Tli、焦热球菌属的Pfu和KOD等。
自PCR技术问世以后,人们一直在不断地寻找酶学性能好,保真度高的用于PCR的DNA聚合酶。在Taq DNA聚合酶之后,又陆续发现了DeepVent,Pfu,Tgo,KOD等耐热的具有校正功能的DNA聚合酶。
聚合酶链式反应(PCR)是一种体外快速扩增特定DNA片段的技术,是在由DNA模板、引物、dNTP、适当缓冲液等组成的反应混合物中,由DNA聚合酶催化,对一对寡核苷酸引物所界定的DNA片段进行扩增的反应。在此过程中,DNA聚合酶起着关键性作用,酶的开发利用是现代生物技术的重要内容之一,利用技术对酶基因进行改造和设计是生物酶工程的重要手段之一。
发明内容
本申请提供了高保真的嵌合体DNA聚合酶。本申请的嵌合体DNA聚合酶还可以具有改进的特性,例如更优的延伸特性、更优的DNA结合特性,更优的校正活性,更优的保真度,更快的扩增速度,更优的对抑制剂的耐受性,更优的长片段扩增能力等。
DNA聚合酶
本申请的嵌合体DNA聚合酶可以包含2-8个,例如3个来源于不同聚合酶的结构域或区段。所述结构域或区段包括但不限于外切酶结构域(通常指N端区域)、拇指结构域、掌型结构和手指结构域。所述结构域或区段可以来源于不同的DNA聚合酶,所述聚合酶包括但不限于:Pfu聚合酶、KOD聚合酶、9°N聚合酶、T4聚合酶和phi29聚合酶等,所述聚合酶可以来源于各种嗜热菌,包括但不限于Thermotoga sp、Thermococcus profundus、Thermococcus gammatolerans、Thermococcus radiotolerans、Pyrococuus sp.NA2、Thermococcus celericrescens、Pyrococcus glycovorans和Pyrococcus furiosus等。本申请的嵌合体DNA聚合酶之间的同一性可达80%以上。
在一些实施方式中,提供了具有DNA复制活性的嵌合DNA聚合酶,其包含:
第一结构域,所述第一结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:576-583所示的核苷酸序列或与SEQ ID NO:576-583所示的核苷酸序列之一有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性的核苷酸序列编码;
第二结构域,所述第二结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:584-591所示的核苷酸 序列或与SEQ ID NO:584-591所示的核苷酸序列之一有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性的核苷酸序列编码;和
第三结构域,所述第三结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:592-599所示的核苷酸序列或与SEQ ID NO:592-599所示的核苷酸序列之一有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性的核苷酸序列编码。
更具体地,SEQ ID NO:576-599分别来自于Thermococcus profundus(深嗜热球菌),Thermococcus gammatolerans(高加索热球菌),Thermococcus radiotolerans(耐辐射热球菌),Pyrococcus sp.NA2(嗜热火球菌),Thermococcus celericrescens(速生热球菌),Pyrococcus glycovorans(嗜热球菌),Pyrococcus furiosus(嗜热古细菌)八个来源物种。选自SEQ ID NO:576-583所示的核苷酸序列编码的第一结构域,即为N末端结构域,主要参与3’-5’外切酶活性校正或外切功能;选自SEQ ID NO:584-591所示的核苷酸序列编码的第二结构域,即为手指及手掌结构域,手指域或者手掌域主要负责dNTP的结合及掺入,是酶的活性中心;SEQ ID NO:592-599所示的核苷酸序列编码的第三结构域,为拇指结构域,主要是与DNA持续合成能力有关。三个区域并无绝对的切割,根据结构和序列特点进行保守型切割及组合,从而构建酶库的多样性。
在一些更具体的实施方式中,第一结构域为SEQ ID NO:583或581,第二结构域为SEQ ID NO:586或591,第三结构域为SEQ ID NO:596或598的组合聚合酶具有较好的延伸能力;第一结构域为SEQ ID NO:578或582,第二结构域为SEQ ID NO:586或590,第三结构域为SEQ ID NO:592、593或594的组合聚合酶具有较快的延伸速度。
在一些实施方式中,本申请的嵌合DNA聚合酶包含由选自SEQ ID NO:576-583所示的核苷酸序列编码的第一结构域,由选自SEQ ID NO:584-591所示的核苷酸序列编码的第二结构域和由选自SEQ ID NO:592-599所示的核苷酸序列编码的第三结构域,或者由上述第一结构域、第二结构域和第三结构域组成。
在另一些实施方式中,本申请的包含上述第一结构域、第二结构域和第三结构域的嵌合DNA聚合酶还另外包含或具有一个或更多个氨基酸替换。例如,所述氨基酸替换可以为一个或更多个选自对应于以下位置处的氨基酸的氨基酸替换:5、6、11、15、16、18、22、24、25、28、30、33、35、36、38、43、47、49、50、51、52、54、56、57、61、62、64、65、66、67、68、72、73、80、81、84、88、89、90、94、96、99、100、102、104、107、110、126、127、132、136、137、138、139、140、153、154、158、165、166、167、169、176、180、182、183、185、186、188、189、193、194、195、196、197、198、199、206、210、213、216、217、220、223、226、228、230、231、232、233、236、238、241、244、247、248、251、252、261、262、265、268、282、285、286、292、293、296、297、301、302、303、304、310、318、320、324、327、331、334、337、340、341、356、367、373、374、375、377、378、379、383、384、386、395、399、400、401、403、406、407、408、409、410、424、426、430、434、437、439、441、446、447、455、456、459、463、466、467、470、471、472、475、477、478、479、485、494、499、502、508、520、524、525、526、527、529、532、533、540、545、546、552、553、554、556、557、559、560、562、565、566、570、575、585、588、597、604、605、626、631、633、634、636、642、646、652、653、656、658、662、664、670、672、673、677、683、690、692、694、695、698、701、703、706、708、710、712、713、717、718、719、721、723、724、727、743、747、752、753、755、758、762、764、767、768、771、772、774、775,所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的。
例如,所述氨基酸替换可以选自以下的一个或更多个:
V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、 E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K,所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的。
SEQ ID NO:575是来源于Pyrococcus furiosus,所含三个结构域的序列分别如下:
结构域1:
Figure PCTCN2022071597-appb-000001
结构域2:
Figure PCTCN2022071597-appb-000002
结构域3:
Figure PCTCN2022071597-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022071597-appb-000004
在一些实施方式中,本申请的嵌合DNA聚合酶具有改进的特性,例如更优的Mg 2+耐受性,更优的SDS耐受性,更优的TE耐受性,更优的长片段扩增能力等。
在一些实施方式中,所述氨基酸替换可以为一个或更多个选自对应于以下位置处的氨基酸的氨基酸替换:210、213、377、378、407、408、409、410、474、501。本申请的发明人已经发现,408、409和/或410位置处的氨基酸与dNTP的结合能力相关,同时属于活性中心,直接影响了聚合酶的扩增效率和产量;210和/或213位置处的氨基酸与抑制剂的耐受性相关,例如,210和213位置处的氨基酸为D时,显著地提高了抑制剂耐受的范围;210和/或213位置处的氨基酸与外切酶活性直接相关,因为这种位点的突变与保真度及聚合酶的校正活性直接相关;501、474和/或377位置处的氨基酸与聚合酶的扩增效率相关,因此这种位点的突变能够提高扩增目的片段的产量;378位置处的氨基酸直接与SDS的耐受性相关;407位置处的氨基酸直接与Mg和TE的耐受性相关。
本申请还提供了具有DNA复制活性的DNA聚合酶突变体,其包含氨基酸序列,当与SEQ ID NO:575所示的参照多肽比对时,所述氨基酸序列包含一个或更多个对应于以下位置处的氨基酸的氨基酸替换:5、6、11、15、16、18、22、24、25、28、30、33、35、36、38、43、47、49、50、51、52、54、56、57、61、62、64、65、66、67、68、72、73、80、81、84、88、89、90、94、96、99、100、102、104、107、110、126、127、132、136、137、138、139、140、153、154、158、165、166、167、169、176、180、182、183、185、186、188、189、193、194、195、196、197、198、199、206、210、213、216、217、220、223、226、228、230、231、232、233、236、238、241、244、247、248、251、252、261、262、265、268、282、285、286、292、293、296、297、301、302、303、304、310、318、320、324、327、331、334、337、340、341、356、367、373、374、375、377、378、379、383、384、386、395、399、400、401、403、406、407、408、409、410、424、426、430、434、437、439、441、446、447、455、456、459、463、466、 467、470、471、472、475、477、478、479、485、494、499、502、508、520、524、525、526、527、529、532、533、540、545、546、552、553、554、556、557、559、560、562、565、566、570、575、585、588、597、604、605、626、631、633、634、636、642、646、652、653、656、658、662、664、670、672、673、677、683、690、692、694、695、698、701、703、706、708、710、712、713、717、718、719、721、723、724、727、743、747、752、753、755、758、762、764、767、768、771、772、774、775,所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的。在一些实施方式中,所述氨基酸替换选自以下的一个或更多个:
V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、 I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K。
在一些实施方式中,所述的DNA聚合酶突变体与SEQ ID NO:575有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性。
在一些实施方式中,所述DNA聚合酶突变体具有改进的特性,例如更优的Mg 2+耐受性,更优的SDS耐受性,更优的TE耐受性,更优的长片段扩增能力等。
在一些实施方式中,所述DNA聚合酶突变体的氨基酸序列包含一个或更多个对应于以下位置处的氨基酸的氨基酸替换:210、213、377、378、407、408、409、410、474、501。
在一些实施方式中,本申请的DNA聚合酶包含氨基酸序列,所述氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:1-574中的任一项所示的氨基酸序列具有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性。在一些实施方式中,本申请的DNA聚合酶包含SEQ ID NO:1-574中的任一项所示的氨基酸序列。举例如下:
SEQ ID NO:564是由第一结构域SEQ ID NO:583、第二结构域SEQ ID NO:586和第三结构域SEQ ID NO:596组成,其中包含V5A、D6N、E11D、V15I、L18I、K25E、I28V、H30Y、T33N、R43K、K47Q、E49D、G56A、 E72K、K78R、T81E、L86F、T95A、E98D、V100I、E132D、I137L、G153A、E167G、N175K、I176V、R196K、I197V、I205V、V207I、F216L、A220V、T231P、I232L、I244L、V252I、T265R、D293H、K297E、S301T、E303K、N304G、A318V、K324R、L327F、I331A、F356Y和V367I。
SEQ ID NO:561是由第一结构域SEQ ID NO:583、第二结构域SEQ ID NO:586和第三结构域SEQ ID NO:598组成,其中包含V5A、D6N、E11D、V15I、L18I、K25E、I28V、H30Y、T33N、R43K、K47Q、E49D、G56A、E72K、K78R、T81E、L86F、T95A、E98D、V100I、E132D、G153A、E167G、N175K、I176V、R196K、I197V、I205V、V207I、F216L、A220V、T231P、I232L、I244L、V252I、T265R、D293H、K297E、S301T、E303K、N304G、A318V、K324R、L327F、I331A、F356Y和V367I。
SEQ ID NO:287是由第一结构域SEQ ID NO:519、第二结构域SEQ ID NO:584和第三结构域SEQ ID NO:595组成,其中包含V5A、E11D、V15I、K25R、I28V、H30Y、T33N、R43K、K47A、E49D、E50D、K52R、G56S、E57K、I62V、I65V、V66I、E72K、K78R、T81E、L86F、T95A、I96M、E98D、V100I、V107I、E132N、K136T、F140V、E167G、N175K、S185A、S186N、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I205V、V207I、S213N、P217A、A220L、I228M、T231P、I232L、G236N、I244L、M247S、T248L、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265R、P286Q、A292P、D293H、K297E、S301T、E303K、N304G、A318V,L327F、I331A、S334A、F356Y和V367L。
SEQ ID NO:503是由第一结构域SEQ ID NO:581、第二结构域SEQ ID NO:590和第三结构域SEQ ID NO:594组成,其中包含E10D、V14I、L18I、I28V、H30Y、T33N、R43K、K47Q、K52R、G56A、V66I、K78R、K83R、L86F、T95A、E98D、P104S、V107I、E132D、N175K、R196K、I205V、V207I、F216L、A220V、I244L、V252I、K297E、K324R和V367L。
SEQ ID NO:532是由第一结构域SEQ ID NO:583、第二结构域SEQ ID NO:588和第三结构域SEQ ID NO:596组成,其中包含V5A、D6N、E11D、V15I、L18I,K25E、I28V、H30Y、T33N、R43K、K47Q、E49D、G56A、E72K、K78R、T81E、L86F、T95A、E98D、V100I、E132D、G153A、 E167G、N175K、I176V、R196K、I197V、I205V、V207I、F216L、A220V,T231P、I232L、I244L、V252I、T265R、D293H、K297E、S301T、E303K、N304G、A318V、K324R、L327F、I331A、F356Y和V367L。
SEQ ID NO:78是由第一结构域SEQ ID NO:578、第二结构域SEQ ID NO:586和第三结构域SEQ ID NO:598组成,其中包含V5T、E11N、L18V、K24E、H30Y、R35E、I38F、R43K、K47A、E50D、I54V、G56A、K61T、I65V、V66K、D67R、V68A、E72Q、K73R、K78R、T81E、L86F、E87T、T95A、E98D、V100I、E102A、V107I、F110Y、E132D、K136T、K154T、I158L、E165G、E166S、K169R、N175K、E182D、S186T、R188K、I198V、R199K、I205V、I206L、V207I、S213N、A220K、A223C、L230F、I232L、M301I、I244M、M247R、T248F、H262P、T265R、I282V、D293E、K297Q、N304G、K310R、A318V、K324R、L327F、I331A、V337I、P340S和V367I。
SEQ ID NO:406是由第一结构域SEQ ID NO:580、第二结构域SEQ ID NO:591和第三结构域SEQ ID NO:596组成,其中包含E11D、I15V、I16V,L18I、K25E、H30Y、T33N、R35E、R43K、K47A、G56A、I62V、I65V、V66K、D67R、V68A、E72K、K78R、T81E、L86F、T95A、E98D、V100I、F110Y、E132D、I158L、K169R、N175K、S186T、I197V、R199K、I205V、I206L、V207I、S213N、P217A、A220K、A223C、L230F、I232L、M241I、I244M、M247R、T248F、E251D、H262P、T265R、D293E、K297E、S301T、N304G、K310R、A318V、K324R、L327F、I331A、V337I和V367L。
SEQ ID NO:403是由第一结构域SEQ ID NO:580、第二结构域SEQ ID NO:591和第三结构域SEQ ID NO:598组成,其中包含E11D、I15V、I16V、L18I、K25E、H30Y、T33N、R35E、R43K、K47A、G56A、I62V、I65V、V66K、D67R、V68A、E72K、K78R、T81E、L86F、T95A、E98D、V100I、F110Y、E132D、I158L、K169R、N175K、S186T、I197V、R199K、I205V、I206L、V207I、S213N、P217A、A220K、A223C、L230F、I232L、M241I、I244M、M247R、T248F、E251D、H262P、T265R、D293E、K297E、S301T、N304G、K310R、A318V、K324R、L327F、I331A、V337I和V367L。
本申请还涉及本申请的DNA聚合酶的生物活性片段,这类片段被认为包 含在术语“本申请的DNA聚合酶”、“本申请的嵌合DNA聚合酶”和“本申请的DNA聚合酶突变体”中。本申请的DNA聚合酶的生物活性片段包括的氨基酸较全长蛋白质更少,但显示出相应全长蛋白质的至少一种生物活性。通常,生物活性片段包含本申请DNA聚合酶蛋白质的至少一种结构域或基序或区段。可以通过重组技术来制备缺失蛋白质的部分区域的生物活性片段,并针对本申请DNA聚合酶的全长形式所具有的一种或多种生物活性对所述片段进行评估。
本申请所使用的术语“DNA聚合酶”是指用于复制DNA的酶,其以DNA为复制模板,将DNA由5'端开始复制到3'端。DNA聚合酶具有在模板、引物、dNTP等的存在下催化DNA合成的活性以及任选的辅助的活性。
本申请所使用的术语“氨基酸”是羧酸碳原子上的氢原子被氨基取代后的化合物,氨基酸分子中含有氨基和羧基两种官能团。与羟基酸类似,氨基酸可按照氨基连在碳链上的不同位置而分为α-,β-,γ-...w-氨基酸,但经蛋白质水解后得到的氨基酸都是α-氨基酸,而且仅有二十几种,他们是构成蛋白质的基本单位。
本申请所使用的术语“PCR”或“聚合酶链式反应”是一种用于放大扩增特定的DNA片段的分子生物学技术,它可看作是生物体外的特殊DNA复制,是利用DNA在体外95℃高温时变性变成单链,低温(经常是60℃左右)时引物与单链按碱基互补配对的原则结合,再调节温度至DNA聚合酶最适反应温度(72℃左右),DNA聚合酶沿着磷酸到五碳糖(5'-3')的方向合成互补链。基于聚合酶制造的PCR仪实际就是一个温控设备,能在变性温度,复性温度,延伸温度之间很好地进行控制。
参与PCR反应的物质主要有五种,即,引物、酶、dNTP、模板和Mg 2+,可以称它们为反应要素。引物是PCR特异性反应的关键,PCR产物的特异性取决于引物与模板DNA互补的程度。Mg 2+对PCR扩增的特异性和产量有显著的影响,在一般的PCR反应中,各种dNTP浓度为200umol/L时,Mg 2+浓度为1.5-2.0mmol/L为宜。Mg 2+浓度过高,反应特异性降低,出现非特异扩增,浓度过低会降低DNA聚合酶的活性,使反应产物减少。
本申请所使用的术语“结构域”是指聚合酶的任何结构片段或具有特定活性 的区域,如DNA结合区域,核苷酸聚合区域,dNTP结合区域,链置换结合区域,校对活性区域等。
本申请所用的术语“抑制剂耐受性”是指DNA聚合酶在对PCR有不利作用的物质的存在下基本上保持其酶活性的能力,包括但不限于Mg 2+耐受性,SDS耐受性,TE耐受性等。可以通过在其下DNA聚合酶仍然基本上具有活性的最大抑制剂浓度来测量对抑制剂的耐受性。在本申请中,“Mg 2+耐受性”可以指在高于2mM、4mM、6mM、8mM或10mM的Mg 2+的存在下基本上保持DNA聚合酶活性的能力。在本申请中,“SDS耐受性”可以指在高于0.00125%、0.0025%、0.005%SDS、0.01%SDS或0.02%的SDS的存在下基本上保持DNA聚合酶活性的能力。在本申请中,“TE耐受性”可以指在高于0.03125X TE、0.0625X TE、0.125X TE、0.25X TE、0.5X TE、1X TE的存在下基本上保持DNA聚合酶活性的能力。此处所用的术语“基本上”是指DNA聚合酶在体内或体外的任意或特定目标测定中保持其10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%、98%或99%以上的DNA聚合酶活性。所述目标测定可以为半定量或定量的PCR扩增实验。或者,所述目标测定也可以为,例如,DNA结合测定、核苷酸聚合测定、引物延伸测定、链置换测定、逆转录酶测定、校对测定、准确度测定、热稳定性测定、离子稳定性测定等。
本申请所用的术语“长片段扩增能力”是指DNA聚合酶通过PCR反应生成长片段的能力。在本申请中,“长片段扩增能力”可以指扩增大于1kb、2kb、3kb、4kb、5kb、6kb、7kb、8kb、9kb或10kb的连续DNA片段的能力。
本申请所用的术语“替换”或“氨基酸替换”是指将特定氨基酸序列中至少一个的氨基酸残基替换成另一不同的氨基酸残基。替换的表示方式是本领域公知的,例如T5V/A是指将第5位的T替换成V或者A,D6N是指将第6位的D替换成N。在一些实施方式中,氨基酸替换是保守性替换。“保守性替换”是指一种氨基酸被另一种具有共同性质的氨基酸所取代。从功能上定义单个氨基酸之间的共同性质的方法是分析同源生物中相应蛋白质之间氨基酸变化的标准化频率(Schulz(1979)Principles of Protein Structure,Springer-Verlag)。根据这样的分析,可以确定出氨基酸的族,其中族内的氨基酸优先相互替换,因此它们对蛋白质整体结构的影响最相似(Schulz(1979)同上)。以这种方式定义的 氨基酸的组的实例包括:“带电/极性族”,包括Glu、Asp、Asn、Gln、Lys、Arg和His;“芳香族或环族”,包括Pro、Phe、Tyr和Trp;以及“脂肪族”,包括Gly、Ala、Val、Leu、Ile、Met、Ser、Thr和Cys。在每一族中,还可以确定子族。例如,带电荷/极性的氨基酸的族可以再分为亚族,所述亚族包括:“正电荷亚族”包括Lys、Arg和His;“负电荷亚族”包括Glu和Asp;以及“极性亚族”包括Asn和Gln。在另一实例中,芳香或环族可以再分为亚族,包括:“氮环亚族”,包括Pro、His和Trp;和“苯基亚族”,包括Phe和Tyr。在另一个实例中,脂肪族可再分为亚族,包括:“大脂肪族非极性亚族”,包括Val、Leu和Ile;“脂肪族微极性亚族”,包括Met、Ser、Thr和Cys;以及“小残基亚族”包括Gly和Ala。保守性突变的例子包括上述亚族内的氨基酸的氨基酸替换,例如,但不限于:Lys替换Arg或反之,以保持正电荷;Glu替换Asp或反之,这样可以保持负电荷;Ser替换Thr或反之,这样可以保持游离-OH;Gln替换Asn或反之,这样可以保持游离-NH2。“保守性变体”是这样的多肽,其包含已经被具有共同性质的氨基酸(例如属于上述相同氨基酸族或亚族)取代以替换参考多肽(例如,序列已在文献或序列数据库中公开,或序列由核酸测序确定的多肽)的一个或更多个氨基酸的一个或更多个氨基酸。
“天然的”或“野生型”是指在自然中发现的形式。例如,天然或野生型多肽或多核苷酸序列是存在于生物体中的序列,例如未通过人为操作有意修饰的DNA聚合酶序列。
关于核酸或多肽序列的术语“百分比同一性”或“同源性”定义为在以最大百分比同一性为目的对齐序列并且在需要时引入空位以达到最大百分比同源性后,在候选序列中与已知多肽相同的核苷酸或氨基酸残基的百分比。N端或C端插入或缺失不应被解释为影响同源性。核苷酸或氨基酸序列水平的同源性或同一性可通过BLAST(Basic Local Alignment Search Tool)分析使用通过程序blastp、blastn、blastx、tblastn和tblastx程序执行的算法确定(Altschul(1997),Nucleic Acids Res.25,3389-3402,和Karlin(1990),Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 87,2264-2268),其为序列相似度搜索定制。BLAST程序使用的方法是,首先考虑查询序列和数据库序列之间具有和不具有空位的相似区段,然后评估所有识别出的匹配项的统计显著性,最后只总结那些满足预先选定的显著 性阈值的匹配项。关于序列数据库相似度搜索的基本问题的讨论,见Altschul(1994),Nature Genetics 6,119-129页。柱形图、描述、比对、期望值(即用于针对数据库序列报告匹配项的统计显著性阈值)、截断值、矩阵和过滤(低复杂度)的搜索参数可以是默认设置。blastp、blastx、tblastn和tblastx使用的默认评分矩阵是BLOSUM62矩阵(Henikoff(1992),Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 89,10915-10919),推荐用于长度超过85个单位(核苷酸碱基或氨基酸)的查询序列。
本申请旨在涵盖本申请的DNA聚合酶的功能等同物或功能性变体。术语“功能等同物”和“功能性变体”在本文中可互换使用。“功能等同物”和“功能性变体”可以通过,例如对本申请的DNA聚合酶的一个或更多个氨基酸进行替换、插入或缺失(例如保守性替换)来获得。
核酸、核酸构建体和宿主细胞
本申请还提供了经分离的核酸,其包含编码本申请所述的DNA聚合酶的序列。本申请还涉及编码本申请的DNA聚合酶的至少一个功能性结构域的经分离的多核苷酸。通常,这种功能性结构域包含一个或多个本文所述的替换。
可使用本领域技术人员公知的标准分子生物学技术结合本文提供的序列信息来生产本申请的核酸分子。例如,可使用标准合成技术,通过PCR产生或从头合成所需的核酸。
在本文中使用时,术语“核酸”、“多核苷酸”和“核酸分子”可互换使用,旨在包括DNA分子和RNA分子(例如mRNA)以及使用核苷酸类似物产生的DNA或RNA的类似物。核酸分子可以是单链或双链的,但优选是双链DNA。“经分离的核酸”或“经分离的多核苷酸”在本文中可互换使用,其是指这样的DNA或RNA,其与所述DNA或RNA所源于的生物体的天然基因组中所述DNA或RNA直接相邻的两条(5’端的一条和3’端的一条)编码序列并不直接相邻。因此该术语涵盖,例如,整合入载体中的重组DNA,整合入自主复制质粒或病毒中的重组DNA,或整合入原核生物或真核生物的基因组DNA中的重组DNA,或作为独立于其它序列的单独分子(例如,通过PCR或限制性核酸内切酶处理产生的cDNA或基因组DNA片段)存在的重组DNA。该术语还包括作为杂合基因一部分的重组DNA,所述杂合基因编码另外的多肽。
本申请还涉及包含所述核酸的核酸构建体,所述核酸可以与允许所述核酸在宿主细胞中复制或表达的控制序列可操作地连接,所述控制序列包括但不限于,启动子、增强子、终止子、复制起点等。术语“核酸构建体”在本文中是指已被修饰为含有以不会在自然中存在的方式组合和并置的核酸的区段。核酸构建体可以指表达盒,表达载体或复制载体。
表达载体可以是可方便地进行重组DNA程序并且可引起编码本申请的DNA聚合酶的核酸序列表达的任何载体(例如质粒或病毒)。载体的选择通常取决于载体与待引入所述载体的宿主细胞的相容性。载体可以是线性质粒或闭环质粒。载体可以是自主复制型载体,即作为染色体外实体而存在、其复制独立于染色体复制的载体,例如,质粒、染色体外元件、微型染色体或人工染色体。如果打算用于真菌来源的宿主细胞中,则合适的附加型核酸构建体可以例如基于酵母2μ或pKD1质粒。或者,表达载体可以是当被引入宿主细胞时整合至基因组中并与其已整合至其中的染色体一起复制的载体。
本申请还涉及宿主细胞,其包含本申请所述的核酸或核酸构建体。本申请的核酸构建体和载体可被设计用于在原核宿主细胞或真核宿主细胞中表达本申请的DNA聚合酶。用于表达本申请的聚合酶的合适宿主细胞是本领域公知的,包括但不限于细菌细胞,如大肠杆菌、克非尔乳杆菌(Lactobacillus kefir)、短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis)、小乳杆菌(Lactobacillus minor)、链霉菌和伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium)细胞;真菌细胞,如酵母细胞(如酿酒酵母或毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris));昆虫细胞如果蝇S2和鳞翅目Sf9细胞;动物细胞如CHO、COS、BHK、293和Bowes黑素瘤细胞;和植物细胞。上述宿主细胞适宜的培养基和生长条件是本领域公知的。
用于表达聚合酶多肽的多核苷酸可以通过本领域已知的各种方法导入细胞,包括但不限于电穿孔,生物粒子轰击,脂质体介导转染,氯化钙转染,和原生质体融合等。本领域技术人员知晓将多核苷酸导入细胞的各种方法。
试剂盒
本申请还涉及试剂盒,其包含本申请所述的DNA聚合酶、核酸、核酸构建体或宿主细胞。该试剂盒可以包括用于多核苷酸合成(包括在PCR中的合成)的各种试剂和容器。根据本申请的试剂盒还可以包含一种或多种以下物 质:多核苷酸前体、引物、缓冲剂、使用说明、以及对照品。
组合物
本申请还涉及组合物,其包含本申请所述的DNA聚合酶。所述组合物可以例如是PCR反应体系,其包含例如引物、缓冲液、dNTP、模板和/或Mg 2+
制备DNA聚合酶的方法
本申请还涉及一种制备DNA聚合酶的方法
在一些实施方式中,所述方法包括:
提供包含第一结构域、第二结构域和第三结构域的嵌合多肽,其中所述第一结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:576-583所示的核苷酸序列编码,所述第二结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:584-591所示的核苷酸序列编码,所述第三结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:592-599所示的核苷酸序列编码;
以及任选地,引入一个或更多个选自以下的氨基酸替换:
V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、 S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K,
所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的;
以得到具有DNA复制活性的DNA聚合酶。
其中,提供包含第一结构域、第二结构域和第三结构域的嵌合多肽可以通过无缝克隆的方式进行。
在一些实施方式,所述方法包括:在SEQ ID NO:575所示的多肽中引入一个或更多个选自以下的氨基酸替换:
V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、 I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K,
所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的。
核酸扩增应用
本申请还涉及一种扩增核酸的方法,所述方法包括使用本申请所述的DNA聚合酶,试剂盒,组合物(PCR反应体系)或者本申请的制备方法制备的DNA聚合酶扩增DNA序列。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法通过在适和扩增核酸的条件下使核酸与本申请的DNA聚合酶或其生物活性片段接触;采用聚合酶链反应、等温扩增反应、重组酶聚合酶扩增反应、滚环扩增或链置换扩增来扩增核酸。扩增包括在溶液中扩增核酸,或者在固体支持物上扩增核酸,所述固体支持物例如核酸珠、流细胞、核酸阵列或存在于固体支持物表面上的孔。所述聚合酶链反应(PCR)包括但不限于热起动PCR、降落PCR、嵌套式PCR、反向PCR、定点PCR诱变、RT-PCR、RACE、多重PCR、不对称PCR、原位PCR、定量PCR、全基因组扩增、易错PCR,等。
改进DNA聚合酶的性质的方法
本申请还涉及改进DNA聚合酶的性质的方法。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法包括:用一个或更多个由选自SEQ ID NO:576-599所示的核苷酸序列之一编码的结构域替换待改进的DNA聚合酶的相应结构域。
在一些实施方式中,所述方法包括:
在待改进的DNA聚合酶中引入一个或更多个选自以下的氨基酸替换:
V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、 L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K,所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的。
所述改进的性质可以选自以下中的一种或更多种:更优的延伸特性、更优的DNA结合特性,更优的校正活性,更优的保真度,更快的扩增速度,更优的对抑制剂的耐受性,更优的长片段扩增能力。在一些实施方式中,所述改进的性质选自以下中的一种或更多种:更优的Mg 2+耐受性,更优的SDS耐受性,更优的TE耐受性,更优的长片段扩增能力。
附图说明
以下附图仅用于说明的目的而不是用于限制目的。
图1示例性示出了聚合酶序列比对图。序列比对结果是来源嗜热菌的聚合酶的氨基酸序列比对。相似程度达85%以上。标注为“*”为相同的氨基酸序列,标注为“.”为不同的氨基酸序列。8个模板聚合酶的氨基酸序列为1-8。
图2示例性示出了嵌合体聚合酶库的建库流程。其中嵌段A可来源于8个不同来源的结构域,嵌段B同样来源模板1-8的结构域,嵌段C也是来源模板1-8的结构域。核苷酸序列为嵌段A1-A8;嵌段B1-B8;嵌段C1-C8。
图3示例性示出了Mg2+耐受性测试。泳道1:0mM Mg2+;泳道2:2mM Mg2+;泳道3:4mM Mg2+;泳道4:6mM Mg2+;泳道5:8mM Mg2+;泳道6:10mM Mg2+。所有的浓度均为反应最终浓度。Mg2+来源MgCl2,MgSO4均可。结果表明嵌合体聚合酶可耐受0-10mM Mg2+。
图4示例性示出了SDS耐受性测试。泳道1:0%SDS;泳道2:0.00125%SDS;泳道3:0.0025%SDS;泳道4:0.005%SDS;泳道5:0.01%SDS;泳道6:0.02%SDS;泳道7:0.04%SDS;泳道8:0.08%SDS。所有的浓度均为反应最终浓度。结果表明嵌合体聚合酶可耐受0.02%SDS。
图5示例性示出了TE耐受性测试。泳道1:0X;泳道2:0.03125X TE;泳道3:0.0625X TE;泳道4:0.125X TE;泳道5:0.25X TE;泳道6:0.5X TE;泳道7:1X TE;泳道8:2X TE。所有的浓度均为反应最终浓度。结果表明嵌合体聚合酶可耐受1X TE。
图6示例性示出了人gDNA的不同大小的扩增。泳道1:1Kb;泳道2:2Kb;泳道3:3Kb;泳道4:4kb TE;泳道5:5kb;泳道6:6kb;泳道7:7kb;泳道8:kb;泳道9:9kb;泳道10:10kb。结果表明嵌合体聚合酶可扩增长片段。
具体实施方式
实施例
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按重量计算。
如无特别说明,则本发明实施例中所用的材料和试剂均为市售产品。
实施例1.嵌合体聚合酶的制备
1.克隆构建
1.1引物:
第一结构域SEQ ID NO:576-583、第二结构域SEQ ID NO:584-591和第三结构域SEQ ID NO:592-599的核苷酸序列所需要的引物(依次编号为SEQ ID NO:600-647)如下表1所示:
表1
576-F CTTTAAGAAGGAGATATACATATGATTCTGGACGCTGACTATATT
576-R CATACGCTTTACGCAGCAGGAACCATTCAACCAGGTTACCG
584-F CTGCTGCGTAAAGCGTATGAACGCAACGAACTGGCACCGAATAAACCGTCCG
584-R GGGTTTCTTTGGCAATTTCACTCCAATCGCGACGCACAATTTCCAGACCG
592-F TGAAATTGCCAAAGAAACCCAGGCACGTGTTCTGGAAGCACTGCTGAAAG
592-R GTGGTGGTGCTCGAGTTACTTTTTACCCTTCGGTTTCAG
577-F AACTTTAAGAAGGAGATATACATAtgattctggatacggactata
577-R TCATACGCTTTACGCAGCAGaaaccattcgaccaggttacccg
585-F CTGCTGCGTAAAGCGTATGAACGCAACGAActggcgccgaataaaccggat
585-R TTTCTTTGGCAATTTCACTCCAATCacggcgcacgatttccagaccgc
593-F GTGAAATTGCCAAAGAAACCCAGGCAcgtgtcctggaagcaatcctg
593-R GTGGTGGTGGTGCTCGAGttactttttcactttcagccacgc
578-F TTTAAGAAGGAGATATACATATGATTCTGGACACGGACTATATTA
578-R GTTCATACGCTTTACGCAGCAGGAACCATTCAACCAGGTTACCCGT
586-F GCGTAAAGCGTATGAACGCAACGAAATTGCGCCGAATAAACCGGATGAA
586-R GTTTCTTTGGCAATTTCACTCCAATCACGGCGCACGATTTCCAGACC
594-F TGAAATTGCCAAAGAAACCCAGGCACGCGTTCTGGAAGCAATCCT
594-R GGTGGTGGTGGTGCTCGAGttaTTTCTTACCTTTCAGCTTCAG
579-F TTAAGAAGGAGATATACATATGATTCTGGATGCTGATTACATTA
579-R TTGCGTTCATACGCTTTACGCAGCAGATACCATTCCACCAGATTACC
587-F AGCGTATGAACGCAACGAACTGGCGCCGAATAAACCGGATGAAC
587-R TTTCTTTGGCAATTTCACTCCAATCGCGACGCACGATTTCCAGACCA
595-F GAGTGAAATTGCCAAAGAAACCCAGGCAAAGGTTCTGGAAGCAA
595-R GGTGGTGGTGGTGCTCGAGttaAGACTTTTTAACTTTCAGCC
580-F TTAAGAAGGAGATATACATAtgatcctggatgcggactacatt
580-R TCATACGCTTTACGCAGCAGgaaccattcgaccaggttaccgg
588-F TGCGTAAAGCGTATGAACGCAACGAActggcgccgaataaaccgtcgggc
588-R TTCTTTGGCAATTTCACTCCAATCgcgacgcacgatttccagacc
596-F AGTGAAATTGCCAAAGAAACCCAGGCAcgcgtcctggaagcaatcctgaaag
596-R GGTGGTGGTGGTGCTCGAGttattttttacctttcggtttcag
581-F CTTTAAGAAGGAGATATACATATGATCCTGGACACCGATTACATTAC
581-R GGTGGTGGTGGTGCTCGAGTTATTTCTTACCTTTCGGTTGCAG
589-F CTGCTGCGTAAAGCGTATGAAC
589-R TTCGTTGCGTTCATACGCTTTACG
597-F TGAAATTGCCAAAGAAACCCAGGCA
597-R GTTTCTTTGGCAATTTCACTCCAATC
582-F TTTAAGAAGGAGATATACATATGATCCTGGACGCAAACTACAT
582-R TCATACGCTTTACGCAGCAGATACCATTCCACCAGGTTACCGG
590-F GCGTAAAGCGTATGAACGCAACGAACTGGCACCGAATAAACCGGATG
590-R TTTCTTTGGCAATTTCACTCCAATCGCGACGAACGATTTCCAGACC
598-F GTGAAATTGCCAAAGAAACCCAGGCAAAAGTTCTGGAAGCAATCCT
598-R GTGGTGGTGGTGCTCGAGTTATTTCTTTTTCACATTCAGC
583-F TTTAAGAAGGAGATATACATATGATCCTGGACGTGGACTACA
583-R CATACGCTTTACGCAGCAGGAACCATTCAACCAGATTGCC
591-F TGCTGCGTAAAGCGTATGAACGCAACGAAGTGGCACCGAATAAACCGGATGAA
591-R TTCTTTGGCAATTTCACTCCAATCGCGACGAACAATTTCCAGGC
599-F GGAGTGAAATTGCCAAAGAAACCCAGGCACGTGTTCTGGAAGCAATTCTGAAAC
599-R TGGTGGTGGTGGTGCTCGAGttaCGATTTTTTAATATTCAGCCATG
1.2主要试剂:质粒均来自于实验室保存的质粒模;dNTP(RK20120,ABclonal),Pfu-fast 2X PCR Master Mix(RK20652,ABclonal),2X MultiF Seamless Assembly Mix(RK21020,ABclonal)
1.3主要仪器:东胜龙PCR仪,ETC811;凝胶成像仪,天能1600;电泳仪,EPS 300;振荡器,VORTEX-5,其林贝尔;NanoDrop 1000,Thermo。
2.实验过程
2.1 PCR扩增
制备反应体系,然后将该体系快速转移到95℃预热的PCR仪(东胜龙,ETC811)。50μL反应体系如下表2所示:
表2
组分 含量
ddH 2O 补充至50μL
上游引物(10μM) 1μL
下游引物(10μM) 1μL
模板DNA 10ng
Pfu-fast 2X PCR Master Mix 25μL
PCR反应程序
Figure PCTCN2022071597-appb-000005
2.2产物鉴定
取10uL产物加2uL 6X上样缓冲液混匀后,1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行鉴定,150V电泳,电泳45分钟,在凝胶成像仪下看是否有正确条带。
2.3产物纯化
用普通DNA产物纯化试剂盒(普通DNA产物纯化试剂盒,DP204,天根生化科技(北京)有限公司)进行纯化。
2.3.1使用前请先在漂洗液PW中加入无水乙醇。
2.3.2柱平衡步骤:向吸附柱CB2中(吸附柱放入收集管中)加入500μl的平衡液BL,12000rpm(~13400×g)离心1min,倒掉收集管中的废液,将吸附柱CB2重新放回收集管中。
2.3.3估计PCR反应液或酶切反应液的体积,向其中加入5倍体积的结合液PB,充分混匀(无需去除石蜡油或矿物油)。注意:如PCR反应体系为50μl(不包括石蜡油体积),则加入250μl结合液PB。
2.3.4将上一步所得溶液加入一个吸附柱CB2中(吸附柱放入收集管中),室温放置2min,12000rpm(~13400×g)离心30-60s,倒掉收集管中的废液,将吸附柱CB2放入收集管中。注意:吸附柱容积为800μl,若样品体积大于800μl可分批加入。
2.3.5向吸附柱CB2中加入600μl漂洗液PW(使用前请先检查是否已加入无水乙醇),12000rpm(~13400×g)离心30-60s,倒掉收集管中的废液,将吸附柱CB2放入收集管中。注意:如果纯化的DNA是用于盐敏感的实验,例如平末端连接实验或直接测序,建议PW加入后静置2-5min再离心。
2.3.6将吸附柱CB2放回收集管中,12000rpm(~13400×g)离心2min,尽量除去漂洗液。将吸附柱CB2置于室温放置数分钟,彻底地晾干,以防止残留的漂洗液影响下一步的实验。注意:漂洗液中乙醇的残留会影响后续的酶反应(酶切、PCR等)实验
2.3.77.将吸附柱CB2放入一个干净的离心管中,向吸附膜中间位置悬空滴加30μl洗脱缓冲液EB,室温放置2min。12000rpm(~13400×g)离心2min收集DNA溶液。
2.4定量
取上述纯化好的PCR产物,1uL至Nanodrop 1000上,进行浓度测定。
2.5连接
用ABclonal MultiF Seamless Assembly Mix(RK21020)进行连接,具体反应体系如下表3所示:
表3
组分 加入量
插入的DNA总量 1pmol
载体量 0.3pmol
2X MultiF Seamless 10uL
ddH 2O 补充至20uL
总体积 20uL
反应程序
组装片段 24片段
反应温度 50℃
反应时间 60min
2.6转化
2.6.1在冰上解冻克隆用的感受态细胞(C2566,ABclonal)
2.6.2取10μL组装产物加入到100μL感受态细胞中,轻弹管壁混匀(请勿振荡混匀),冰上静置30min;组装产物转化体积不应超过所用感受态细胞体积的1/6;
2.6.3 42℃水浴热激45s后,立即置于冰上冷却2-3min;
2.6.4加入900μL SOC或LB培养基(不含抗生素),37℃摇菌1hr(转速200-250rpm);
2.6.5将相应抗性的LB平板在37℃培养箱中预热;
2.6.6 5000rpm离心5min,弃掉900μL上清,重悬菌体,用无菌涂布棒在含对应抗性的平板上轻涂均匀;
2.6.7在37℃培养箱中倒置培养12-16hr。
2.7测序
过夜培养后,平板上可形成数百个单克隆,而阴性对照转化的平板上克隆数应显著少于前者;挑取若干单克隆进行一代测序的方法鉴别。若测序正确的质粒进行保存和表达。
2.高通量表达及纯化
2.1主要试剂与材料
(1)96孔PCR板(Axygen,货号:PCR-96m2-hs-c,无需灭菌)、48孔深孔板(生工,货号F600480-0001,使用前需要高压蒸汽灭菌并烘干)、96孔深孔板(NEST,货号503001,无需灭菌)及配套硅胶盖(需要灭菌)、96孔过滤板(生工,货号B615006,无需灭菌)、石英砂、DEAE填料(GE)、DNase I(Abclonal,货号:RK20538)、8联排100μL PCR管(Axygen,货号:PCR-0108-LP-RT-C)。
(2)LB液体培养基(ABclonal自配)
(3)IPTG,Amp,50%甘油(ABclonal自配)
2.2主要仪器
超净工作台(苏净安泰,SW-CJ-1FD)、冷冻离心机(湘仪,L530R)、小型恒温振荡仪(精骐,IS-RSD81)、基因扩增仪(东胜,ETC811)、高通量组织研磨仪(上海万柏,Wonbio-96)、酶标仪(SYNERG,H1)、精密恒温水槽(上海一恒,BWS-12)等。
2.3实验步骤
2.3.1重组质粒转化
(1)将重组质粒进行排序,每盒47支,按顺序摆好。
(2)提前将96孔PCR板(未开封),200ul黄枪头,喷酒精放入无菌操作台中,紫外灭菌30min。
(3)将2566感受态从-80℃取出置冰上融化(数量根据转化数目计算)。
(4)取一块96孔板的金属块放置冰上,将96孔PCR板置于金属块中,进行感受态分装,每孔50ul,注意枪头防止污染。
(5)在96孔PCR板上做标记,分别对应加入相应编号质粒0.5-1ul,放置冰上20-30min。
(6)PCR仪开盖42℃孵育90s。
(7)放冰上3min。
(8)加入100ul含有Amp抗性的LB(浓度100μg/mL),37℃孵育30-45min后,转入96深孔版(加入600ul-1ml含有Amp的LB)37℃,700rpm过夜培养。
(9)做好菌株保存记录表格,表格内容含:菌种名称、各菌株对应孔位、96孔板编号、培养时间、操作人、各种异常情况(未生长或加错样品等)。
2.3.2高通量蛋白的诱导表达
取2块48孔深孔板,每个孔加入4ml含有Amp(浓度100μg/mL)的LB培养基。
将过夜培养的菌液取100ul转接至48孔深孔板中,并做好标记,放置恒温震荡仪上37℃,700rpm震荡,96孔板中剩余菌液加入等体积的50%甘油(灭菌)-20℃冻存保存菌种。
培养2.5~3h后,在48孔板最外侧随机取4个孔各300ul菌液,使用酶标仪以超纯水作对照,测OD 600,在OD 600达0.8~0.9时,每个孔加入终浓度为0.5mM的IPTG(1M/L的IPTG溶液加入2μL)室温诱导过夜。
第二天将过夜诱导的48孔板放入水平离心机4000rpm离心30min,立即取出弃去上清,并用力甩干(细菌会非常牢固地附着在48孔板底部,不会被甩掉)。放于-20℃保存。
做好诱导表达记录表格,表格内容含:菌株编号、各菌株对应孔位、板编号、培养时间、操作人、异常情况(未生长、未诱导、位置加错等)。
2.3.3高通量破碎:
①将装有细菌的48孔板从冰箱取出解冻,提前打开水浴锅设置温度 80℃,每个孔加入裂解缓冲液(20mM Tris-HCl,2.5mM MgCl 2,pH=7.5@25℃)700μL,用排枪反复吹打充分悬浮细菌。
②将悬浮后的细菌转移至96孔深孔板(NEST)中。
③将96孔板置于-80℃冷冻45min至完全冻结。取出置于小型振荡仪上,37℃,700rpm振荡40min至完全融化,再将96孔板置于80℃水浴10min。
④重复步骤③一次
⑤从水浴锅取出96孔板,立即放入-80℃冷冻45min至完全冻结,取出后置于小型恒温振荡仪上,37℃,700rpm振荡40min至完全融化。上述过程中的冻融时间需根据实际情况调整。
⑥向每个孔加入100μL石英砂(使用100μL 8联排PCR管),盖上硅胶盖(灭菌),置于高通量组织研磨仪(上海万柏生物)中,拧紧金属盖子,60Hz,振荡60s,共振荡5次,每次振荡后开盖散热至少5min,防止连续振荡使裂解液过热溢出。
⑦4000rpm离心30min,用排枪(调500μL)将上清转移至96孔过滤板,下方用96孔深孔板接液体,两块板以胶带粘贴固定,3000rpm离心2min除去杂质(转移过程中会吸起沉淀物)。
2.3.4高通量纯化:
①每个孔中加入DNase I(ABclonal)1.5μL后,将96孔板置于小型振荡仪上,室温,700rpm振荡5min混匀,再放入水浴锅,37℃水浴2h。
②取出96孔板,每孔加入终浓度为2mM的DTT(1M/L母液加入1μL),水浴锅设置温度80℃,温度稳定后将96孔板置于水浴锅中,灭活30min。取出后置于4℃完全冷却,4000rpm离心2min。
③DEAE填料的准备:
平衡缓冲液:10mM Tris-HCl,190mM KCl,0.1mM EDTA
向96孔过滤板中加入纯填料体积为150μL的填料悬液(纯填料体积=悬液体积X填料占比),下方用96孔深孔板接液体,3000rpm离心2min,弃去填料储存液,向96孔过滤板每孔加入600μL超纯水,3000rpm离心2min,水洗1 次,平衡缓冲液洗1次,更换新的96孔深孔板,准备上样。
④DEAE上样:向灭活过后的蛋白样品加入KCl溶液(终浓度190mM,3M KCl溶液(Vetec)每个孔加入34uL),置于小型振荡仪常温,700rpm振荡混匀5min。用排枪将样品转移至平衡好的DEAE填料中(96孔过滤板中),每个孔的位置一一对应,再将96孔过滤板和下方接液体的96孔深孔板用胶带固定好,放入小型恒温振荡仪,常温,1000rpm振荡2h。3000rpm离心2min,得到纯化好的蛋白样品,4℃暂存。
2.3.5 SDS-PAGE鉴定
取96孔PCR板上样品检测。
1.样品制备:蛋白7μL+2X SDS上样缓冲液7μL
2.电泳条件:用15孔SDS-PAGE胶(分离胶浓度12%),每孔上样10μL。
恒压200V,电泳36min,考马斯亮蓝染色2min,脱色拍照。
3.结果处理:在胶图上标注样品编号及板上位置(包括96孔板的编号),统计表达情况。
2.3.6蛋白浓度测定
1.将Bradford工作液从4℃冰箱取出,放至室温方可使用。
2.取一支12连管,按照下表4操作稀释标准品。
表4
1X PBS(ul) 100 95 90 80 70 60 50 40 25 10 0
2mg/mL BSA(ul) 0 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 75 90 100
BSA终浓度(mg/mL) 0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.5 1.8 2
3.取一块96孔微孔板,各孔分别加入10uL标准品和样本,每个标准品和样品均设置1个重复。
4.各孔分别加入200uL Bradford工作液。
5.放入酶标仪中震板30s,静置5min,测定A595。
6.以标准组A595平均值为横坐标,对应的蛋白浓度为纵坐标,在excel软件中绘制标准曲线。
7.根据样品的A595值的平均值和excel曲线计算其蛋白浓度。
实施例2.嵌合体聚合酶的应用测试
本实施例中所测试的序列为SEQ ID NO:278,具体地对其进行聚合酶的镁离子耐受性,TE缓冲液耐受性,SDS耐受性,长片段扩增能力等方面进行检测。
1.模板和引物
本实施例所用模板为大肠杆菌gDNA和人gDNA,其中大肠杆菌gDNA的目的基因为16S,大小为400-500bp(天根试剂盒提取的模板);人gDNA的目的片段大小为0.5kb-10kb(天根试剂盒提取)。
实验中所用引物(SEQ ID NO:648-669,生工合成)为下表5所示:
表5:扩增引物
Figure PCTCN2022071597-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022071597-appb-000007
2.PCR反应体系
将上述模板和引物,dNTP(来源),酶,缓冲液(来源),和PCR管置于冰上放置,配制如下表6所示的反应体系。
表6:PCR反应体系
组份 50μL
5X反应缓冲液 25μL
上游引物(10μM) 1μL
下游引物(10μM) 1μL
dNTP(10mM) 1μL
DNA模板 10ng
聚合酶 50ng
Nuclease-free Water 至50μL
1X缓冲液的组分为:20mM Tris-HCl,pH为8.8,10mM(NH 4) 2SO 4,1.5mM MgSO 4,100mM KCl。其中dNTP的终浓度为200uM;引物的终浓度为200nM。模板的投入量为10ng。
3.反应程序
PCR反应程序如下表7所示。在PCR仪器(东胜龙,E811)中执行以下程序:
表7:PCR反应程序
Figure PCTCN2022071597-appb-000008
4.实验结果
4.1对于Mg 2+的耐受范围,终浓度为0-10mM MgCl 2,结果如附图3所示。
4.2对于SDS的耐受范围,终浓度0-0.02%SDS,结果如附图4所示。
4.3对于TE缓冲液的耐受范围为:0-1X,结果如附图5所示。
4.4对于扩增人gDNA,可达10kb,结果如附图6所示。
本文所述的具体方法和组合物代表优选实施方案,并且是示例性的,并不意在限制本发明的范围。在考虑了本说明书之后,本领域技术人员将想到其他目的,方面和实施例,并且将其包含在由权利要求书的范围所限定的本发明的精神内。对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下,可以对本文公开的发明进行各种替换和修改。本文说明性地描述的本发明可以在不存在任何要素或限制的情况下适当地实践,这在本文中没有具体公开为必要的。因此,例如,在本文的每个实例中,在本发明的实施方式或实例中,术语“包括”,“包含”,“包含”等中的任何一个都应被广泛且不受限制地阅读。可以以不同的步骤顺序来实践本文中所描述的步骤,并且它们不一定限于本文或权利要求中所指示的步骤的顺序。除非上下文另外明确指出,“一个”和“该”包括复数形式,并且复数形式包括单数形式。在任何情况下,专利商标局的任何审查员或任何其他官员或雇员所作的任何陈述都不能解释为对专利的限制,除非这种陈述是明确的,且无条件或保留地由申请人在回应性写作中明确采用。
在此已经广泛地和概括地描述了本发明。落入一般公开范围内的每个较窄的种类和亚类分组也构成本发明的一部分。已经采用的术语和表达被用作描述性的术语,而不是限制性的,并且不意图使用这样的术语和表达来排除所示出和描述的特征或其部分的任何等同形式,但是可以理解。在所要求保护的本发明的范围内可以进行各种修改。因此,应当理解,尽管已经通过优选实施例和可选特征具体公开了本发明,但是本领域技术人员可以对本文公开的概念进行修改和变型,并且可以将这种修改和变型视为对本发明的限制。在由所附权利要求书限定的本发明的范围内。
核苷酸序列
SEQ ID NO:575
Figure PCTCN2022071597-appb-000009

Claims (19)

  1. 一种具有DNA复制活性的嵌合DNA聚合酶,其包含:
    第一结构域,所述第一结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:576-583所示的核苷酸序列或与SEQ ID NO:576-583所示的核苷酸序列之一有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性的核苷酸序列编码;
    第二结构域,所述第二结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:584-591所示的核苷酸序列或与SEQ ID NO:584-591所示的核苷酸序列之一有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性的核苷酸序列编码;和
    第三结构域,所述第三结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:592-599所示的核苷酸序列或与SEQ ID NO:592-599所示的核苷酸序列之一有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性的核苷酸序列编码。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的嵌合DNA聚合酶,当与SEQ ID NO:575所示的参照多肽比对时,所述DNA聚合酶的氨基酸序列包含一个或更多个对应于以下位置处的氨基酸的氨基酸替换:
    5、6、11、15、16、18、22、24、25、28、30、33、35、36、38、43、47、49、50、51、52、54、56、57、61、62、64、65、66、67、68、72、73、80、81、84、88、89、90、94、96、99、100、102、104、107、110、126、127、132、136、137、138、139、140、153、154、158、165、166、167、169、176、180、182、183、185、186、188、189、193、194、195、196、197、198、199、206、210、213、216、217、220、223、226、228、230、231、232、233、236、238、241、244、247、248、251、252、261、262、265、268、282、285、286、292、293、296、297、301、302、303、304、310、318、320、324、327、331、334、337、340、341、356、367、373、374、375、377、378、379、383、384、386、395、399、400、401、403、 406、407、408、409、410、424、426、430、434、437、439、441、446、447、455、456、459、463、466、467、470、471、472、475、477、478、479、485、494、499、502、508、520、524、525、526、527、529、532、533、540、545、546、552、553、554、556、557、559、560、562、565、566、570、575、585、588、597、604、605、626、631、633、634、636、642、646、652、653、656、658、662、664、670、672、673、677、683、690、692、694、695、698、701、703、706、708、710、712、713、717、718、719、721、723、724、727、743、747、752、753、755、758、762、764、767、768、771、772、774、775,
    所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的嵌合DNA聚合酶,其中所述氨基酸替换选自以下的一个或更多个:
    V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、 R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K。
  4. 一种具有DNA复制活性的DNA聚合酶突变体,其包含氨基酸序列,当与SEQ ID NO:575所示的参照多肽比对时,所述氨基酸序列包含一个或更多个对应于以下位置处的氨基酸的氨基酸替换:
    5、6、11、15、16、18、22、24、25、28、30、33、35、36、38、43、47、49、50、51、52、54、56、57、61、62、64、65、66、67、68、72、73、80、81、84、88、89、90、94、96、99、100、102、104、107、110、126、127、132、136、137、138、139、140、153、154、158、165、166、167、169、176、180、182、183、185、186、188、189、193、194、195、196、197、198、199、206、210、213、216、217、220、223、226、228、230、231、232、233、236、238、241、244、247、248、251、252、261、262、265、268、282、285、286、292、293、296、297、301、302、303、304、310、318、320、324、327、331、334、337、340、341、356、367、373、374、375、377、378、379、383、384、386、395、399、400、401、403、 406、407、408、409、410、424、426、430、434、437、439、441、446、447、455、456、459、463、466、467、470、471、472、475、477、478、479、485、494、499、502、508、520、524、525、526、527、529、532、533、540、545、546、552、553、554、556、557、559、560、562、565、566、570、575、585、588、597、604、605、626、631、633、634、636、642、646、652、653、656、658、662、664、670、672、673、677、683、690、692、694、695、698、701、703、706、708、710、712、713、717、718、719、721、723、724、727、743、747、752、753、755、758、762、764、767、768、771、772、774、775,
    所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的DNA聚合酶突变体,其中所述氨基酸替换选自以下的一个或更多个:
    V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、 R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的DNA聚合酶突变体,其与SEQ ID NO:575有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性。
  7. 一种具有DNA复制活性的DNA聚合酶,其包含氨基酸序列,所述氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:1-574中的任一项所示的氨基酸序列具有至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%、至少97%、至少98%或至少99%的序列同一性。
  8. 一种具有DNA复制活性的DNA聚合酶,其包含SEQ ID NO:1-574中的任一项所示的氨基酸序列。
  9. 一种核酸,其包含编码根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的DNA聚合酶或DNA聚合酶突变体的序列。
  10. 一种核酸构建体,其包含根据权利要求9所述的核酸。
  11. 一种宿主细胞,其包含根据权利要求9所述的核酸或根据权利要求10所述的核酸构建体。
  12. 一种试剂盒,其包含根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的DNA聚合酶或DNA聚合酶突变体,根据权利要求9所述核酸,根据权利要求10所述的核酸构建体,或根据权利要求11所述的宿主细胞。
  13. 一种组合物,其包含根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的DNA聚合酶或DNA聚合酶突变体。
  14. 一种制备DNA聚合酶的方法,所述方法包括:
    提供包含第一结构域、第二结构域和第三结构域的嵌合多肽,其中所述第一结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:576-583所示的核苷酸序列编码,所述第二结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:584-591所示的核苷酸序列编码,所述第三结构域由选自SEQ ID NO:592-599所示的核苷酸序列编码;
    以及任选地,引入一个或更多个选自以下的氨基酸替换:
    V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、 S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K,
    所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的;
    以得到具有DNA复制活性的DNA聚合酶。
  15. 一种制备DNA聚合酶的方法,所述方法包括:在SEQ ID NO:575所示的多肽中引入一个或更多个选自以下的氨基酸替换:
    V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、 N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K,
    所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的。
  16. 一种扩增核酸的方法,所述方法包括使用权利要求1至8中任一项所述的DNA聚合酶,权利要求12所述的试剂盒,权利要求13所述的PCR反应体 系或者权利要求14或15所述的方法制备的DNA聚合酶扩增DNA序列。
  17. 一种改进DNA聚合酶的性质的方法,所述方法包括:
    用一个或更多个由选自SEQ ID NO:576-599所示的核苷酸序列之一编码的结构域替换待改进的DNA聚合酶的相应结构域。
  18. 一种改进DNA聚合酶的性质的方法,所述方法包括:
    在待改进的DNA聚合酶中引入一个或更多个选自以下的氨基酸替换:
    V5T/A、D6N、E11N/D、V15I、I16V、I18V/L、E22N、G24K/E、K25R/E、I28V、H30Y、T33Y/E/N、R35E、P36E/H/M、I38F、R43K、K47Q/K/A、E49D、E50S、I51V、K52R、I54V、G56S/A、E57K/G、K61T/R、I62V、R64K/T、I65V、V66T/I/K、D67K/R、V68A、E72Q/K、K73R、I80V、T81E、K84R、E88T、H89R、P90F、P94E/Q、I96M、K99E/R、V100I、E102S/R/A、P104S、V107I、F110Y、L126I、I127V、E132N/D、K136T、I137F/L/M、L138M、A139S、F140V、G153A、K154E/T、I158L、E165G、N166S/G/E、E167G、K169R、I176V、Y180F、E182D、V183A、S185A、S186N/T、R188K、E189D、R193A、F194L、L195I、R196K、I197V、I198V、R199K、I206L、N210D、S213N/D、F216L、P217A、A220L/V/K、A223C、L226F/I、I228M/V、L230F、T231P/I、I232L、G233R、G236N、E238K、I241M、I244L/M、M247S/R、T248L/F、E251D、V252I、Y261F、H262P、T265L/R、I268V、I282V、K285T/R、P286Q、A292P、D293H/E、A296T、K297Q/T/E、S301T、G302N、E303K、N304G、K310R、A318V、Y320F、K324R、F327L、I331A、S334A、V337I、P340S、L341F、F356Y、V367L、S373D、E374G/K、E375K/R、Y377L、Q378V/A/E/D、R379E、E383G/N、S384G、T386A/E、KR395R、E399D、N400G、I401L、Y403S、F406Y、R407K/M/H、A408S/D/F/G/P/R/T、L409S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、Y410S/D/F/G/P/R/T/A、L424F、L426K/R、K430G/M/R、I434E/T/V、Q437E、G439K、K441R、I446V/F、P447Q、G455K、H456N/A/S/R/D、E459D、K463E、T466R/K、K467R、E470A、T471S、Q472I/V/K、I475L/V、K477R、I478R/K、L479M、K485R、F494Y、G499A、K502R、K508R、K520D/Q/E、L524M/T/F、V525T/S、W526R/I、K527H/R、L529I、K532R、F533Y/R、 I540A、L545V/F/I、Y546V/I/A/T、G552E/A、E553K/D、S554N/P/D、E556T、I557V、K559R、K560R、L562K/M、V565L、K566N/E/D、S570A、L575A、K585V/R/T、F588L、V597L、I604V/T、I605V/T、R626K、I631L、K633R、H634D、D636N、R642K/S、E646D、A652G/S、N653K、I656V、P658V、A662V、Y664H、P670E/D、H672N/K/R、E673D、I677T、V683I、K690R、V692I、I694V、R695K、M698T、G701S、I703V、R706K、D708S、P710R、S712G、N713K/D、L717A/P、A718I/F、E719D、Y721F、P723G/L、K724T/A/R、K727R、L743E、E747R/K、R752K、K753R/A、D755E、Y758W、R762K、V764T、G767T、S768V/A、N771Q/K、I772L/V/P、K774G、S775K,
    所述位置是参照SEQ ID NO:575限定的。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的方法,其中所述改进的性质选自以下中的一种或更多种:更优的Mg 2+耐受性,更优的SDS耐受性,更优的TE耐受性,更优的长片段扩增能力。
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