WO2023045141A1 - 一种双功能融合蛋白 - Google Patents

一种双功能融合蛋白 Download PDF

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WO2023045141A1
WO2023045141A1 PCT/CN2021/139490 CN2021139490W WO2023045141A1 WO 2023045141 A1 WO2023045141 A1 WO 2023045141A1 CN 2021139490 W CN2021139490 W CN 2021139490W WO 2023045141 A1 WO2023045141 A1 WO 2023045141A1
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fusion protein
tgf
well
bifunctional fusion
cell
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PCT/CN2021/139490
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French (fr)
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钱卫珠
戴建新
寇庚
黄卫红
侯盛
郭怀祖
徐进
陈微
耿网锁
朱亮
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上海迈泰君奥生物技术有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/46—Hybrid immunoglobulins

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  • the invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, specifically, the invention provides a bifunctional fusion protein, more specifically, the invention provides a bifunctional fusion protein targeting TGF- ⁇ and PD-L1 simultaneously.
  • Transforming growth factor- ⁇ (transforming growth factor- ⁇ , TGF- ⁇ ) belongs to a group of TGF- ⁇ superfamily that regulates cell growth and differentiation. In mammals, at least four subtypes, TGF- ⁇ 1, TGF- ⁇ 2, TGF- ⁇ 3, and TGF- ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2, are found. TGF- ⁇ is a disulfide linked by two subunits with the same or similar structure and a molecular weight of 12.5kDa.
  • TGF- ⁇ R TGF- ⁇ receptor
  • TGF- ⁇ receptor exists on the surface of many cells.
  • TGF- ⁇ R TGF- ⁇ receptor
  • type I type II
  • type III type III
  • molecular weights 53kDa and 70 ⁇ 85kDa and 250 ⁇ 350kDa
  • Type I and type II TGF- ⁇ R TGF- ⁇ receptors
  • TGF- ⁇ receptors are both glycoproteins, and their affinity for TGF- ⁇ 1 is 10-80 times greater than that for TGF- ⁇ 2.
  • Type III TGF- ⁇ R (TGF- ⁇ receptor) - ⁇ receptor) is a kind of proteoglycan, its affinity with TGF- ⁇ 1, TGF- ⁇ 2, TGF- ⁇ 3 is similar, it is the main receptor of TGF- ⁇ , and plays an important role in the biological function of TGF- ⁇ , TGF- ⁇ RIII, also known as Endoglin, CD105, TGF- ⁇ 1 and TGF- ⁇ 3 as its main ligands.
  • TGF- ⁇ R (TGF- ⁇ receptor) type III receptors belong to accessory receptors and do not directly participate in signal transduction. Its main function is to increase the binding of TGF- ⁇ on the cell surface and provide it to type I, II Type TGF- ⁇ R (Taylor AW.
  • TGF- ⁇ R TGF- ⁇ receptor
  • Type III receptor can also inhibit the metastasis, invasion, growth and angiogenesis of tumor cells, and has potential application value in tumor therapy (Gatzal CE, Oh SY, Blobe GC. Roles for the typeIII TGF- ⁇ receptor in human cancer [J]. Cell Signal, 2010,22(8):1163-1174.).
  • Transforming growth factor- ⁇ (transforming growth factor- ⁇ , TGF- ⁇ ) signaling pathway is a series of signal transmission process mediated by transforming growth factor, TGF- ⁇ signaling pathway plays a key role in the growth, development and differentiation of cells and tissues Proliferation, intercellular matrix production, differentiation, apoptosis, embryonic development, organ formation, immune function, inflammatory response, wound repair, etc. have important regulatory functions.
  • TGF- ⁇ The immune function of TGF- ⁇ is mainly reflected in immunosuppression, which can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of T ⁇ B lymphocytes.
  • TGF- ⁇ can both stimulate and inhibit cell proliferation. It depends on the type and differentiation state of the cells. For example, TGF- ⁇ can promote the mitosis of osteoblasts; it has a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of liver cells, and TGF- ⁇ also has a certain regulatory effect on cell adhesion.
  • TGF- ⁇ In the tumor microenvironment, TGF- ⁇ also plays an important role in immunosuppression, TGF- ⁇ regulates the production and function of many types of immune cells, it directly promotes the expansion of Treg cells, inhibits effector T cells and antigen-presenting dendrites The generation and function of DC cells, which control adaptive immunity. Similarly, TGF- ⁇ controls the innate immune system by suppressing natural killer cells (NK cells) and modulating complex behaviors of macrophages and neutrophils, thereby forming a network of negative immune regulatory inputs.
  • NK cells natural killer cells
  • TGF- ⁇ The role of TGF- ⁇ in immune regulation falls within the broader roles of this cytokine and other members of its family in development, homeostasis, and tissue regeneration. Dysfunction of this pathway leads to birth defects, fibrotic diseases, immune dysregulation and cancer.
  • the effects of TGF- ⁇ on most adult mammalian cells are from cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, movement, metabolism, communication and death.
  • TGF- ⁇ as an effective tumor suppressor, functions by inhibiting the proliferation and promoting apoptosis of malignant tumor precursor cells. Interfering with TGF- ⁇ signaling through cellular mutations not only converts these cells into a mature malignant state, but also allows them to use TGF- ⁇ to create an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and generate additional matrix modifiers that promote tumor growth. Progression and transfer (Battle, Eduard. Transforming Growth Factor- ⁇ Signaling in Immunity and Cancer. [J], Immunity, 50(4):924-940.).
  • PD-L1 (Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1, programmed cell death ligand 1) is also known as surface antigen differentiation cluster 274 (cluster of differentiation 274, CD274) or B7 homolog 1 (B7 homolog 1, B7-H1) , is a transmembrane protein with a size of 40kDa, and is a PD-1 (Programmed Cell Death Protein 1, one of the 2 ligands of programmed cell death protein).
  • PD-L1 is widely expressed in heart, lung, thymus, spleen, kidney and other organs, as well as in almost all mouse tumor cell lines, and is highly expressed in a variety of human tumor cells.
  • the combination of PD-L1 and PD-1 can transmit immunosuppressive signals and reduce the proliferation of T cells.
  • PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy is the latest treatment method in addition to common treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy.
  • Using a bifunctional fusion protein targeting PD-L1 and TGF- ⁇ for the treatment of advanced solid tumors can prevent TGF- ⁇ and PD-L1-mediated signaling and increase natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) activity, able to effectively inhibit tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells.
  • NK natural killer
  • CTL cytotoxic T Lymphocyte
  • the existing bifunctional fusion proteins targeting PD-L1 and TGF- ⁇ still have the problem of unstable traits or low expression levels in the process of large-scale industrial production.
  • the present invention provides a bifunctional fusion protein targeting PD-L1 and TGF- ⁇ at the same time, retaining the function of PD-L1 antibody, that is, improving T cell immune response and partial ADCC effector function, and can bind to three TGF ⁇ subtypes;
  • the fusion protein binds to PD-L1 and comprises at least one heavy chain variable domain
  • the fusion protein comprises TGF- ⁇ RII or a fragment thereof that binds to TGF- ⁇ ;
  • the fusion protein also comprises an amino acid linker connecting the C-terminus of the heavy chain variable domain with the N-terminus of the TGF- ⁇ RII or its fragment.
  • the amino acid sequence of the light chain of the bifunctional fusion protein is SEQ ID NO:1
  • the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain is SEQ ID NO:2.
  • the present invention also provides an isolated nucleotide molecule, which encodes the above-mentioned bifunctional fusion protein.
  • the present invention also provides an expression vector, which comprises a nucleotide molecule encoding the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention and an expression control sequence operably linked to the sequence of the nucleotide molecule.
  • an expression vector which comprises a nucleotide molecule encoding the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention and an expression control sequence operably linked to the sequence of the nucleotide molecule.
  • operably linked or “operably linked to” refers to the condition that certain parts of a linear DNA sequence can regulate or control the activity of other parts of the same linear DNA sequence.
  • a promoter is operably linked to a coding sequence if it controls the transcription of the sequence.
  • the present invention also provides a host cell comprising the above expression vector.
  • the preparation method of bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention is:
  • the expression vector is a mammalian cell expression vector
  • the mammalian cell expression vector can be commercially available such as but not limited to: Thermo Fisher's pcDNA3.1, pBudCE4.1, Lonza's GS piggy Bac Expression vectors, pEE6.4, pEE12.4, pEE14.4, pXC17.4, pXC18.4, and pcDNA3, pIRES, pDR, pBK, pSPORT and other vectors that can be used for expression in eukaryotic cell systems.
  • Those skilled in the art can also select a suitable expression vector according to the host cell.
  • the host cells are preferably eukaryotic cells, such as but not limited to CHO, COS, RSF, SP2/0, NSO, HEK-293, PER-C6 cells and the like.
  • the host cells are CHO cells, including CHO-K1, CHO-DXB11 and CHO-DG44.
  • CHO-K1 is the closest to wild-type CHO, while DXB11 and DG44 have eliminated the endogenous dihydrofolate reductase (dihydrofolate reductase, DHFR) gene through random mutation to establish a gene amplification screening system for DHFR metabolic defects.
  • dihydrofolate reductase dihydrofolate reductase
  • CHOK1SV Porter AJ, Dickson AJ, Racher AJ. Biotechnology progress, 2010, 26(5): 1446-1454.
  • CHO-S cells etc.
  • the host cells are CHO-K1 cells. In some more preferred embodiments, the host cell is a CHO-K1 cell in which the GS gene has been knocked out. It can preferably express the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention, and can obtain a fusion protein product with good activity and good stability.
  • the present invention also provides a composition, and the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition, which contains an effective dose of the fusion protein of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • an effective amount of the fusion protein of the present invention can be prepared in a non-toxic, inert and pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous carrier medium, wherein the pH is usually about 5-8, preferably, the pH is about 6-8.
  • the term "effective amount” or “effective dose” refers to an amount that can produce functions or activities on humans and/or animals and that can be accepted by humans and/or animals.
  • a “pharmaceutically acceptable” ingredient is one that is suitable for use in humans and/or mammals without undue adverse side effects (such as toxicity, irritation and allergic reactions), ie, a substance with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carrier refers to a carrier for the administration of a therapeutic agent, including various excipients and diluents.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include, but are not limited to: saline, buffer, dextrose, water, glycerol, ethanol, and combinations thereof.
  • the pharmaceutical preparation should match the mode of administration, and the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be prepared in the form of injection, for example, by conventional methods using physiological saline or aqueous solution containing glucose and other adjuvants.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is preferably produced under sterile conditions.
  • the amount of active ingredient administered is a therapeutically effective amount.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations of the present invention can also be made into sustained-release preparations.
  • the effective amount of the fusion protein of the present invention can vary with the mode of administration and the severity of the disease to be treated.
  • the selection of a preferred effective amount can be determined by those of ordinary skill in the art based on various factors (eg, through clinical trials).
  • the factors include but are not limited to: the pharmacokinetic parameters of the fusion protein such as bioavailability, metabolism, half-life, etc.; the severity of the disease to be treated by the patient, the patient's body weight, the immune status of the patient, and the route of administration, etc. .
  • the present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned bifunctional fusion protein and its composition in the preparation of antitumor drugs.
  • Parameters such as binding ability, biological activity, and toxic and side effects of the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention to the target are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in specific examples.
  • the bifunctional fusion protein targeting PD-L1 and TGF- ⁇ provided by the present invention can simultaneously target the two pathways of PD-L1 channel and TGF- ⁇ , retain the function of PD-L1 antibody, that is, improve T cell immune response and On the basis of partial ADCC effector functions, it combines with three TGF ⁇ subtypes, overcomes the resistance of tumor cells to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, greatly improves the efficacy of drugs, and reduces the side effects of combined drugs, and is compatible with existing Compared with other technologies, it has the advantages of low cost, high expression, and strong stability.
  • Figure 1 Detection map of binding ability of bifunctional fusion protein to soluble PD-L1.
  • Figure 2 Detection map of the binding ability of the bifunctional fusion protein to PD-L1 on the cell membrane surface.
  • Figure 4 The biological activity detection map of the bifunctional fusion protein.
  • Fig. 7. Detection map of binding of bifunctional fusion protein to TGF ⁇ 1, TGF ⁇ 2 and TGF ⁇ 3.
  • Example 1 bifunctional fusion protein and soluble PD-L1 Binding capacity assay
  • Dilute the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention step by step with PBSS to a final concentration of 50 ⁇ g/ml, numbered 845-1, and continue to dilute 845-1 with PBSS 2 times to obtain serial dilutions of the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention, respectively 845- 2. 845-3...845-15, the dilution factor of each step is ⁇ 10.
  • PBSS phosphatidylcholine
  • Example 3 bifunctional fusion protein and PD-1 competitive binding PD-L1 capability detection ( ELISA )
  • the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention has the ability to compete with PD-1 for binding to PD-L1, and the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention has a slightly stronger ability to compete with PD-L1.
  • Dilute the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention step by step with the detection culture medium to a final concentration of 400ng/ml, numbered 845-1, and continue to dilute 845-1 with the detection culture medium 5 times to obtain the serial dilution of the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention, They are 845-2, 845-3...845-10 respectively, and the dilution factor of each step is ⁇ 10.
  • ATE-1 a final concentration of 400ng/ml
  • the dilution factor for each step is ⁇ 10.
  • the effector cells were collected, centrifuged at 1000rpm for 5 minutes, resuspended in the detection culture medium for counting, and the density was adjusted to 1.25 ⁇ 10 6 /ml for later use.
  • each 96-well white cell culture plate shall contain detection medium control wells (BLK), single target cell control wells, single effector cell control wells and target cell plus effector control cell culture wells.
  • BLK detection medium control wells
  • ADCC Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
  • ADCC detection medium was used to dilute the anti-PD-L1 antibody to a final concentration of 6000ng/ml, coded as ATE-1, continue to dilute ATE-1 with ADCC detection medium 5 times to obtain serial dilutions of anti-PD-L1 antibody, respectively
  • ATE-1 a final concentration of 6000ng/ml
  • ADCC detection medium 5 times to obtain serial dilutions of anti-PD-L1 antibody, respectively
  • the dilution factor for each step is ⁇ 10.
  • the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention has antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and the ADCC effect of the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention is similar to that of the anti-PD-L1 antibody atezolizumab.
  • ADCC antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
  • ATE-1 Dilute the anti-PD-L1 antibody with phenol red-free DMEM medium to a final concentration of 10000ng/ml, coded as ATE-1, and continue to dilute ATE-1 with phenol red-free DMEM medium 5 times to obtain the anti-PD-L1 antibody sequence
  • the diluents are ATE-2, ATE-3...ATE-10 respectively, and the dilution factor of each step is ⁇ 10.
  • the chromogenic solution was prepared, and the Cytotoxicity After the Detection Kit Plus Catalyst (SigmaAldrich) and Dye Solution (SigmaAldrich) were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:45, 100 ⁇ l/well of the 96-well cell culture plate was added to the mixed color development substrate, and the color development was performed for 10-30 minutes in the dark, and the enzyme label was used instrument to detect its OD 490-OD 630 is the reference wavelength, and the results are shown in Figure 6.
  • the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention has complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CDC effect), and the CDC effect of the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention is similar to that of the anti-PD-L1 antibody atezolizumab.
  • TGF- ⁇ 1, TGF- ⁇ 2, and TGF- ⁇ 3 Dilute TGF- ⁇ 1, TGF- ⁇ 2, and TGF- ⁇ 3 with coating solution to 1 ⁇ g/ml, add 100 ⁇ l/well to the microtiter plate, coat 4 columns each, and coat 2 microtiter plates at 37°C for 1 hour.
  • ATE-3...ATE-15 the dilution factor of each step is ⁇ 10.
  • TGF- ⁇ 1, TGF- ⁇ 2, and TGF- ⁇ 3 bind to the bifunctional fusion protein of the present invention, but do not bind to the anti-PD-L1 antibody atezolizumab.

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Abstract

一种双功能融合蛋白，可以同时靶向TGF-β和PD-L1的双功能融合蛋白。用于治疗晚期实体瘤，可以防止TGF-β和PD-L1介导的信号传导，并增加自然杀伤（NK）细胞和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）活性，能够抑制易感肿瘤细胞中的肿瘤细胞增殖。

Description

一种双功能融合蛋白 技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域，具体地，本发明提供一种双功能融合蛋白，更具体地，本发明提供了一种同时靶向TGF-β和PD-L1的双功能融合蛋白。
 背景技术
转化生长因子-β（transforming growth factor-β，TGF-β）是属于一组调节细胞生长和分化的TGF-β超家族，在哺乳动物至少发现有TGF-β1、TGF-β2、TGF-β3、TGF-β1β2四个亚型，TGF-β是由两个结构相同或相近的、分子量为12.5kDa亚单位通过二硫键链接的双体。
TGF-β R（TGF-β受体）在许多细胞表面都会存在，现有TGF-β R（TGF-β受体）存在Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型三种形式，分子量分别为53kDa、70~85kDa和250~350kDa。Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型TGF-β R（TGF-β受体）均为糖蛋白，二者和TGF-β1的亲和力较和TGF-β2的亲和力大10~80倍，Ⅲ型TGF-β R（TGF-β受体）是一种蛋白聚糖，其与TGF-β1、TGF-β2、 TGF-β3的亲和力近似，是TGF-β主要的受体，在TGF-β发挥生物学功能中起重要作用，TGF-β RⅢ又名Endoglin，CD105，TGF-β1和TGF-β3为其主要的配体。TGF-β R（TGF-β受体）Ⅲ型受体属于辅助型受体，不直接参与信号传导，其主要功能是增加细胞表面上TGF-β的结合，并将其提供给Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型TGF-β R（Taylor AW. Review of the activation of TGF-β in immunity [J]. J Leukoc Biol, 2009, 85(1):29-33.），TGF-β R（TGF-β受体）Ⅲ型受体还能抑制肿瘤细胞的转移、浸润、生长和血管的发生，在肿瘤治疗中存在潜在的用于价值（Gatzal CE, Oh SY, Blobe GC. Roles for the typeⅢ TGF-β receptor in human cancer [J]. Cell Signal, 2010,22(8):1163-1174.）。
转化生长因子-β（transforming growth factor-β，TGF-β）信号通路是通过转化生长因子所介导的一系列信号传递的过程，TGF-β信号通路在细胞和组织的生长、发育、分化中起关键作用，对细胞的增殖、细胞间质生产、分化、凋亡，胚胎发育，器官的形成，免疫功能，炎性反应，创伤修复等有重要的调节作用。
TGF-β免疫功能主要体现在免疫抑制，它能抑制T\B淋巴细胞的增殖和分化，在细胞增殖方面，TGF-β对细胞的增殖既可以起刺激作用又可以起抑制作用。这取决于细胞的类型和分化状态，如TGF-β能促进成骨细胞的有丝分裂；而对肝细胞的生长具有很强的抑制作用，TGF-β对细胞粘连也具有一定的调控作用。
在肿瘤微环境中，TGF-β对免疫抑制也起着重要作用，TGF-β调节许多类型免疫细胞的产生和功能，它通过直接促进Treg细胞的扩张，抑制效应T细胞和抗原递呈树突状细胞（DC细胞）的产生和功能，控制适应性免疫。类似地，TGF-β通过抑制自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）和调节巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞的复杂行为来控制先天免疫系统，从而形成一个负性免疫调节输入网络。
TGF-β在免疫调节中的作用属于这种细胞因子及其家族其他成员在发育、体内平衡和组织再生中的更广泛作用。而这一途径的功能会障碍导致先天性缺陷、纤维性疾病、免疫失调和癌症。TGF-β对于大多数成年哺乳动物细胞的影响是从细胞增殖、分化、粘附、运动、新陈代谢、沟通和死亡等方面的。
此外，TGF-β作为一种有效的肿瘤抑制因子，其发挥作用是通过抑制恶性肿瘤前体细胞的增殖和促进其凋亡实现的。通过细胞突变来干扰TGF-β信号通路，不仅将这些细胞转化为成熟的恶性状态，而且允许它们使用TGF-β创造一个免疫抑制肿瘤微环境（TME），并产生额外的基质修饰剂，促进肿瘤的进展和转移（Battle, Eduard. Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling in Immunity and Cancer.[J], Immunity,50(4):924-940.）。
PD-L1（Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1，细胞程序性死亡配体1）也称为表面抗原分化簇274（cluster of differentiation 274，CD274）或 B7同源体1（B7 homolog 1，B7-H1），是大小为40kDa 的跨膜蛋白，是PD-1（Programmed Cell Death Protein 1，细胞程序性死亡蛋白）的2个配体之一。在小鼠上，PD-L1广泛表达于心、肺、胸腺、脾、肾等多种器官上，以及几乎所有的小鼠肿瘤细胞系，并在多种人类肿瘤细胞上高表达。PD-L1与PD-1结合后可以传导免疫抑制性信号、降低T细胞的增生。
现有的肿瘤治疗中，PD-1/PD-L1免疫疗法，是目前除了常见的治疗手段如手术、放化疗和靶向药物治疗等之外的最新的治疗方法。
但是在单独使用PD-1/PD-L1免疫疗法，在癌症的治疗过程中，某些肿瘤细胞仍然会逃离，其有效率较低，并且在有些癌症的治疗过程中也会产生PD-1/PD-L1疗法的抗药性。
使用靶向PD-L1和TGF-β的双功能融合蛋白，用于治疗晚期实体瘤，可以防止TGF-β和PD-L1介导的信号传导，并增加自然杀伤（NK）细胞和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）活性，能够有效地抑制易感肿瘤细胞中的肿瘤细胞增殖。
 技术问题
现有的靶向PD-L1和TGF-β的双功能融合蛋白，在大规模工业化生产过程中，仍然存在性状不稳定、或表达量不高的问题。
 技术解决方案
为了克服现有技术的不足，一方面，本发明提供了一种同时靶向PD-L1和TGF-β的双功能融合蛋白，保留了PD-L1抗体的功能，即提高T细胞免疫应答及部分ADCC效应功能，且能够与三种TGFβ亚型结合；
所述融合蛋白结合PD-L1，且包含至少一个重链可变结构域；
所述融合蛋白包含TGF-βRⅡ或其结合TGF-β的片段；
所述融合蛋白还包含所述重链可变结构域的C末端与所述TGF-βRⅡ或其片段的N末端相连的氨基酸接头。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述双功能融合蛋白轻链的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1，重链的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2。
本发明还提供了一种分离的核苷酸分子，所述核苷酸分子编码上述双功能融合蛋白。
本发明还提供了一种表达载体，其包含编码本发明双功能融合蛋白的核苷酸分子和所述核苷酸分子的序列操作性相连的表达调控序列。所述的“操作性相连”或“可操作地连于”指这样一种状况，即线性DNA序列的某些部分能够调节或控制同一线性DNA序列其它部分的活性。例如，如果启动子控制序列的转录，那么它就是可操作地连于编码序列。
本发明还提供了一种宿主细胞，其包含上述表达载体。
本发明双功能融合蛋白的制备方法为：
1)全基因合成编码轻链氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1、重链氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2的双功能融合蛋白的核酸序列；
2)将1)的核酸序列插入到上述合适的表达载体中，获得重组表达载体；
3)将2)的重组表达载体导入上述合适的宿主细胞；
4)在适合表达的条件下培养转染宿主细胞；
5)收集上清液，并纯化融合蛋白产物。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述表达载体是一种哺乳动物细胞的表达载体，所述哺乳动物细胞表达载体可采用市售的例如但不限于：Thermo Fisher的pcDNA3.1、pBudCE4.1，Lonza的GS piggy Bac Expression vectors、pEE6.4、pEE12.4，pEE14.4、pXC17.4、pXC18.4、以及pcDNA3、pIRES、pDR、pBK、pSPORT等可用于真核细胞系统表达的载体。本领域技术人员还可以根据宿主细胞来选择合适的表达载体。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述的宿主细胞优选的是真核细胞，例如但不限于CHO、COS、RSF、SP2/0、NSO、HEK-293、PER-C6细胞等。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述宿主细胞为CHO细胞，包括CHO-K1，CHO-DXB11和CHO-DG44。其中，CHO-K1最接近野生型CHO，而DXB11和DG44均经过随机突变消除了内源性二氢叶酸还原酶（dihydrofolate reductase，DHFR）基因而建立DHFR代谢缺陷的基因扩增筛选系统。还有已经适应无血清悬浮培养的CHOK1SV（Porter AJ, Dickson AJ, Racher AJ. Biotechnology progress, 2010, 26(5): 1446-1454.）和CHO-S细胞等。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述宿主细胞为CHO-K1细胞。在一些更优选的实施例中，所述宿主细胞为敲除了GS基因的CHO-K1细胞。其可较佳地表达本发明的双功能融合蛋白，可获得活性良好，稳定性良好的融合蛋白产物。
本发明还提供了一种组合物，本发明还提供了一种药物组合物，它含有有效剂量的本发明的融合蛋白，以及药学上可接受的载体。通常，可将有效量的本发明融合蛋白配制于无毒的、惰性的和药学上可接受的水性载体介质中，其中pH通常约为5-8，较佳地，pH约为6-8。术语“有效量”或“有效剂量”是指可对人和/或动物产生功能或活性的且可被人和/或动物所接受的量。“药学上可接受的”的成分是适用于人和/或哺乳动物而无过度不良副反应(如毒性、刺激和变态反应)的，即具有合理的效益/风险比的物质。术语“药学上可接受的载体”指用于治疗剂给药的载体，包括各种辅形剂和稀释剂。
药学上可接受的载体包括(但并不限于)：盐水、缓冲液、葡萄糖、水、甘油、乙醇、及其组合。通常药物制剂应与给药方式相匹配，本发明的药物组合物可以被制成针剂形式，例如用生理盐水或含有葡萄糖和其他辅剂的水溶液通过常规方法进行制备。所述的药物组合物宜在无菌条件下制造。活性成分的给药量是治疗有效量。本发明的药物制剂还可制成缓释制剂。
本发明所述的融合蛋白的有效量可随给药的模式和待治疗的疾病的严重程度等而变化。优选的有效量的选择可以由本领域普通技术人员根据各种因素来确定(例如通过临床试验)。所述的因素包括但不限于：所述的融合蛋白的药代动力学参数例如生物利用率、代谢、半衰期等；患者所要治疗的疾病的严重程度、患者体重、患者免疫状况、给药途径等。
另一方面，本发明还提供了上述双功能融合蛋白及其组合物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。本发明双功能融合蛋白与靶点的结合能力、生物活性、毒副作用等参数由具体实施例结合附图在下文中详细阐述。
 有益效果
本发明提供的靶向PD-L1和TGF-β的双功能融合蛋白能够同时靶向PD-L1通道和TGF-β这两个通路，保留PD-L1抗体的功能，即提高T细胞免疫应答及部分ADCC效应功能的基础上与三种TGFβ亚型结合，克服肿瘤细胞对PD-1/PD-L1疗法的抗药性，大幅度提升药物的有效率，并降低联合用药的副作用，且与现有技术相比，具有成本低、表达量高、稳定性强的优势。
 附图说明
图1、双功能融合蛋白与可溶性PD-L1结合能力检测图谱。
图2、双功能融合蛋白与细胞膜表面PD-L1结合能力检测图谱。
图3、双功能融合蛋白与PD-1竞争结合PD-L1的能力检测图谱。
图4、双功能融合蛋白的生物活性检测图谱。
图5、双功能融合蛋白的ADCC作用检测图谱。
图6、双功能融合蛋白的 CDC作用检测图谱。
图7、双功能融合蛋白与TGFβ1、TGFβ2、TGFβ3结合检测图谱。
图8、PD-L1抗体与TGFβ1、TGFβ2、TGFβ3结合检测图谱。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例 1 、双功能融合蛋白与可溶性 PD-L1 结合能力检测
用包被液将重组人PD-1 Fc 嵌合蛋白（GenScript）稀释至10μg/ml，100μl/孔加入酶标板，37℃包被1小时。弃除包被液，加入封闭液，350μl/孔，37℃封闭1.5小时。
用稀释液逐级稀释本发明双功能融合蛋白至终浓度10μg/ml，编号为845-1，继续用稀释液 2倍比稀释845-1，获得本发明双功能融合蛋白序列稀释液，分别为845-2、845-3……845-15，每步稀释因子≤10。
用稀释液逐级稀释抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗（Roche）至终浓度10μg/ml，编号为ATE-1，继续用稀释液2倍比稀释ATE-1，获得阿特朱单抗序列稀释液，分别为ATE-2、ATE-3……ATE-15，每步稀释因子≤10，弃上清，洗板机洗涤5-7次。
用稀释液稀释Goat Anti-Human Kappa-HRP（ThermoFisher），1:8000稀释，100μl/孔加入，37℃作用1小时。弃上清，洗板机洗涤5-7次。
加入TMB显色液50μl/孔避光显色 2-5min，终止液加入酶标板，50μl/孔，迅速混匀。酶标仪读取OD450nm，570nm为参比波长 ，结果见图1。
由图1可见，本发明双功能融合蛋白与抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗结合可溶性PD-L1的能力相近。
实施例 2 、双功能融合蛋白与细胞膜表面 PD-L1 结合能力检测
消化收集CHO-K1/hm(human membrane)PD-L1细胞，计数后用PBSS重悬细胞调整密度至2×10 6/ml备用。
用PBSS逐级稀释本发明双功能融合蛋白至终浓度50μg/ml，编号为845-1，继续用PBSS 2倍比稀释845-1，获得本发明双功能融合蛋白序列稀释液，分别为845-2、845-3……845-15，每步稀释因子≤10。
用PBSS逐级稀释抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗至终浓度50μg/ml，编号为ATE-1，继续用PBSS 2倍比稀释ATE-1，获得阿特朱单抗序列稀释液，分别为ATE-2、ATE-3……ATE-15，每步稀释因子≤10。
将稀释好的本发明双功能融合蛋白及阿特朱单抗样品加入流式管，BLK管加入PBSS，100μl/管。冰浴避光反应45分钟。1000rpm离心5分钟，PBSS洗涤细胞两遍。
用PBSS稀释Goat Anti-Human IgG-FITC AFFINITY XADS（ThermoFisher）,1:300稀释，100μl/管加入相应管中，冰浴避光反应45分钟。1000rpm离心5分钟，PBSS洗涤细胞两遍，重悬于300μl PBSS中。
使用BD FACS Diva软件上机检测，分析平均荧光强度。结果见图2。
由图2可见，本发明双功能融合蛋白与抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗结合细胞表面PD-L1的能力相近。
实施例 3 、双功能融合蛋白与 PD-1 竞争结合 PD-L1 的能力检测（ ELISA ）
用包被液将重组人PD-1 Fc 嵌合蛋白（GenScript）稀释至10μg/ml，100μl/孔加入酶标板，37℃包被1小时。弃除包被液，加入封闭液，350μl/孔，37℃封闭1.5小时。弃上清，洗板机洗涤5-7次。
用稀释液将PD-L1-FC-Biotin（GenScript）稀释至2倍的终浓度，编号为2×B，每步稀释因子≤10。取稀释液与等体积2×B溶液混合，编号为1×B（即为1×PD-L1-FC-Biotin）。
用稀释液将本发明双功能融合蛋白稀释至800μg/ml（终浓度400μg/ml），编号为2×845，每步稀释因子≤10。
用稀释液将抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗稀释至800μg/ml（终浓度400μg/ml），编号为2×ATE，每步稀释因子≤10。
取2×B加入等体积2×845，获得本发明双功能融合蛋白的第一管，编号为845-1，然后用1×B溶液2倍比稀释845-1，获得本发明双功能融合蛋白序列稀释液，分别为845-2、845-3……845-15，每步稀释因子≤10。
取2×B加入等体积2×ATE，获得抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗第一管，编号为ATE-1，然后用1×B溶液2倍比稀释ATE-1，获得阿特朱单抗序列稀释液，分别为ATE-2、ATE-3……ATE-15，每步稀释因子≤10。
将稀释好的样品按顺序加入酶标板，BLK孔中加入100μl 稀释液，POS孔中加入100μl 1×PD-L1-FC-Biotin，37℃作用1小时。弃上清，洗板机洗涤5-7次。
用稀释液稀释Avidin-HRP（ThermoFisher）至1:1000，100μl/孔加入，37℃作用1小时。弃上清，洗板机洗涤5-7次。加入TMB显色液50μl/孔避光显色 2-5min。终止液加入酶标板，50μl/孔，迅速混匀。酶标仪读取OD450nm，570nm为参比波长。结果见图3。
由图3可知，本发明双功能融合蛋白具有与PD-1竞争结合PD-L1的能力，且本发明双功能融合蛋白竞争结合PD-L1的能力稍微略强。
实施例 4 、双功能融合蛋白的生物活性检测
消化收集CHO-K1/PD-L1+细胞，重悬于10%灭活FBS F-12培养液中计数，调整密度至4×10 5/ml，100μl/孔加入至96孔白色细胞培养板相应孔中（除BLK孔及单效孔），除BLK孔及单效孔加入100μl/孔完全培养基，培养板置于37℃ 5%CO 2培养箱中过夜。
检测当天，根据样本数配制适当体积的检测培养液。
用检测培养液逐级稀释本发明双功能融合蛋白至终浓度400ng/ml，编号为845-1，继续用检测培养液5倍比稀释845-1，获得本发明双功能融合蛋白序列稀释液，分别为845-2、845-3……845-10，每步稀释因子≤10。
用检测培养液逐级稀释抗PD-L1抗体至终浓度400ng/ml，，编号为ATE-1，继续用检测培养液5倍比稀释ATE-1，获得抗PD-L1抗体序列稀释液，分别为ATE-2、ATE-3……ATE-10，每步稀释因子≤10。
收集效应细胞，1000rpm离心5分钟，重悬于检测培养液中计数，调整密度至1.25×10 6/ml备用。
从孵箱中取出培养过夜的96孔白色细胞培养板，用移液器将培养板弃95μl/孔培养液，加入上述准备好的抗体，40μl/孔加入稀释后的检测抗体，其中BLK孔及单靶孔加入80μl/孔检测培养液，单效及效+靶孔加入40μl/孔检测培养液，除BLK孔及单靶孔，余孔加入40μl/孔（5×10 5/孔）效应细胞，每块96孔白色细胞培养板需含有检测培养液对照孔（BLK），单靶细胞对照孔，单效应细胞对照孔及靶细胞加效应对照细胞培养孔。
将96孔白色细胞培养板继续置于37℃ 5%CO 2孵箱培养5-7小时后进行检测。加入80μl/孔Bright-Glo Luciferase Assay System发光底物（Promega），用GloMAX发光仪（Promega）读数，结果见图4。
由图4可知，本发明双功能融合蛋白与抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗的生物活性相近。
实施例 5 、抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒作用（ ADCC ）
消化收集CHO-K1/hm(human membrane)PD-1细胞，1000rpm离心5分钟，弃上清，用ADCC检测培养基（Promega）洗涤一次，1000rpm离心5分钟，弃去上清，用ADCC检测培养基重悬靶细胞，调整密度至1×10 6/ml备用，靶细胞按30μl/孔加入96孔透明底白色细胞培养板中（除BLK及单效孔），BLK及单效孔加入30μl/孔ADCC检测培养基。
用ADCC检测培养基分别稀释本发明双功能融合蛋白至终浓度6000ng/ml，编号为845-1，继续用ADCC检测培养基 5倍比稀释845-1，获得本发明双功能融合蛋白序列稀释液，分别为845-2、845-3……845-11，每步稀释因子≤10。
ADCC检测培养基分别稀释抗PD-L1抗体至终浓度6000ng/ml，，编号为ATE-1，继续用ADCC检测培养基5倍比稀释ATE-1，获得抗PD-L1抗体序列稀释液，分别为ATE-2、ATE-3……ATE-11，每步稀释因子≤10。
将稀释后的抗体分别加入96孔透明底白色细胞培养板相应孔内，60μl/孔，BLK孔加入120μl/孔ADCC检测培养基，单靶、单效分别加入90μl/孔ADCC检测培养基，效+靶加入60μl/孔ADCC检测培养基，37℃ 8%CO 2孵箱培养30-60分钟。
收集效应细胞，1000rpm离心5分钟，弃去上清，用ADCC检测培养基洗涤一次，1000rpm离心5分钟，弃去上清，用ADCC检测培养基重悬效应细胞，调整密度至1×10 6/ml备用，效应细胞按30μl/孔加入96孔透明底白色细胞培养板中（除BLK及单靶孔）。
37℃ 8%CO 2孵箱培养4-6小时，加入120μl/孔Bright-Glo Luciferase Assay System发光底物（Promega），用GloMAX发光仪（Promega）读数，结果见图5。
由图5可知，本发明双功能融合蛋白具有抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒作用（ADCC），且本发明双功能融合蛋白与抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗的ADCC作用相近,。
实施例 6 、补体介导的细胞毒作用（ CDC ）
消化收集CHO-K1/hm(human membrane)PD-1细胞，1000rpm离心5分钟，弃上清，用无酚红DMEM培养基（ThermoFisher）洗涤1-2次，1000rpm离心5分钟，弃上清，用无酚红DMEM培养基重悬靶细胞，调整密度至3×10 5/ml备用，补体按80μl/ml添加人血清，轻轻吹匀，50μl/孔加入96孔细胞培养板中。
用无酚红DMEM培养基分别稀释本发明双功能融合蛋白至终浓度10000ng/ml，编号为845-1，继续用无酚红DMEM培养基 5倍比稀释845-1，获得本发明双功能融合蛋白序列稀释液，分别为845-2、845-3……845-10，每步稀释因子≤10。
用无酚红DMEM培养基分别稀释抗PD-L1抗体至终浓度10000ng/ml，编号为ATE-1，继续用无酚红DMEM培养基5倍比稀释ATE-1，获得抗PD-L1抗体序列稀释液，分别为ATE-2、ATE-3……ATE-10，每步稀释因子≤10。
将稀释后的抗体分别加入96孔细胞培养板相应孔内，50μl/孔，BLK孔加入50μl/孔无酚红DMEM培养基，37℃ 8%CO 2孵箱培养4-6小时。
按照细胞杀伤检测试剂盒Cytotoxicity Detection Kit （SigmaAldrich）操作指导准备显色液，将Cytotoxicity Detection Kit Plus Catalyst（SigmaAldrich）和Dye Solution（SigmaAldrich）按体积比1:45混合后，96孔细胞培养板100μl/孔加入混合后显色底物，避光显色10-30分钟，用酶标仪检测其OD 490-OD 630为参考波长，结果见图6。
由图6可知，本发明双功能融合蛋白具有补体介导的细胞毒作用（CDC作用），且本发明双功能融合蛋白与抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗的CDC作用相近。
实施例 7 、 PD-L1 抗体与 TGF β结合能力检测
用包被液将TGF-β1、TGF-β2、TGF-β3稀释至1μg/ml，100μl/孔加入酶标板，各包被4列，2块酶标板，37℃包被1小时。
弃除包被液，加入封闭液，350μl/孔，37℃封闭1.5小时。
用稀释液逐级稀释本发明双功能融合蛋白至终浓度100μg/ml，编号为845-1，继续用稀释液3倍比稀释845-1，获得本发明双功能融合蛋白序列稀释液，分别为845-2、845-3……845-15，每步稀释因子≤10。
用稀释液逐级稀释抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗至终浓度100μg/ml，编号为ATE-1，继续用稀释液 3倍比稀释ATE-1，获得阿特朱单抗序列稀释液，分别为ATE-2、ATE-3……ATE-15，每步稀释因子≤10。
弃上清，洗板机洗涤5-7次。
用稀释液稀释Goat Anti-Human Kappa-HRP（ThermoFisher），1:8000稀释，100μl/孔加入，37℃作用1小时。弃上清，洗板机洗涤5-7次。加入TMB显色液50μl/孔避光显色 2-5min，终止液加入酶标板，50μl/孔，迅速混匀。酶标仪读取OD 450nm，570nm为参比波长 。ELISA检测结果分别见图7和图8。
由图7、图8可知，TGF-β1、TGF-β2、TGF-β3与本发明双功能融合蛋白结合，与抗PD-L1抗体阿特朱单抗不结合。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种双功能融合蛋白，同时靶向PD-L1和TGF-β，其特征在于，
    1)所述融合蛋白结合PD-L1，且包含至少一个重链可变结构域；
    2)所述融合蛋白包含TGF-βRⅡ或其结合TGF-β的片段；
    3)所述融合蛋白还包含所述重链可变结构域的C末端与所述TGF-βRⅡ或其片段的N末端相连的氨基酸接头。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的双功能融合蛋白，其特征在于，
    所述融合蛋白轻链的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1，重链的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2。
  3. 一种分离的核苷酸分子，其特征在于，
    所述核苷酸分子编码权利要求2所述的双功能融合蛋白。
  4. 一种表达载体，其特征在于，
    其包含权利要求3所述的核苷酸分子和所述核苷酸分子的序列操作性相连的表达调控序列。
  5. 一种宿主细胞，其特征在于，
    所述宿主细胞包含权利要求4所述的表达载体。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的宿主细胞，其特征在于，
    所述宿主细胞为真核细胞；优选的，
    所述宿主细胞为CHO细胞；更优选的，
    所述宿主细胞为CHO-K1细胞。
  7. 一种组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物包含如权利要求1或2所述的融合蛋白及药学上可接受的载体。
  8. 权利要求1或2所述的融合蛋白在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
  9. 权利要求7所述的组合物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
PCT/CN2021/139490 2021-09-26 2021-12-20 一种双功能融合蛋白 WO2023045141A1 (zh)

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US20120251558A1 (en) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-04 Wyeth Llc Antibody-drug conjugates
CN110050000A (zh) * 2017-05-12 2019-07-23 江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司 含有TGF-β受体的融合蛋白及其医药用途
CN111690070A (zh) * 2020-05-13 2020-09-22 深圳市众循精准医学研究院 一种sPD-1-Fc-sTGFβRII融合蛋白及其应用
CN112673020A (zh) * 2018-06-22 2021-04-16 默克专利有限公司 用于治疗胆道癌的靶向TGF-β抑制的给药方案
US20210115142A1 (en) * 2019-10-21 2021-04-22 Nanjing Leads Biolabs Co., Ltd. Recombinant protein targeting pd-1 and tgfβ
CN112940134A (zh) * 2021-05-11 2021-06-11 正大天晴药业集团南京顺欣制药有限公司 针对PD-1和TGF-β的双功能蛋白
CN113004414A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-22 广东菲鹏制药股份有限公司 抗PD1和TGFβ的双功能抗体及其制备方法，以及含有其的药物组合物

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US20120251558A1 (en) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-04 Wyeth Llc Antibody-drug conjugates
CN110050000A (zh) * 2017-05-12 2019-07-23 江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司 含有TGF-β受体的融合蛋白及其医药用途
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CN113004414A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-22 广东菲鹏制药股份有限公司 抗PD1和TGFβ的双功能抗体及其制备方法，以及含有其的药物组合物
CN111690070A (zh) * 2020-05-13 2020-09-22 深圳市众循精准医学研究院 一种sPD-1-Fc-sTGFβRII融合蛋白及其应用
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