WO2023036683A1 - Energieeffiziente elektrisch-hydraulische steueranordnung - Google Patents
Energieeffiziente elektrisch-hydraulische steueranordnung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023036683A1 WO2023036683A1 PCT/EP2022/074332 EP2022074332W WO2023036683A1 WO 2023036683 A1 WO2023036683 A1 WO 2023036683A1 EP 2022074332 W EP2022074332 W EP 2022074332W WO 2023036683 A1 WO2023036683 A1 WO 2023036683A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydraulic
- pump
- pressure
- consumer
- valve
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 244000037459 secondary consumers Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
- E02F9/2062—Control of propulsion units
- E02F9/207—Control of propulsion units of the type electric propulsion units, e.g. electric motors or generators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2217—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives with energy recovery arrangements, e.g. using accumulators, flywheels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2221—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements
- E02F9/2225—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using pressure-compensating valves
- E02F9/2228—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using pressure-compensating valves including an electronic controller
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2221—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements
- E02F9/2232—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using one or more variable displacement pumps
- E02F9/2235—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using one or more variable displacement pumps including an electronic controller
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2221—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements
- E02F9/2239—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using two or more pumps with cross-assistance
- E02F9/2242—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using two or more pumps with cross-assistance including an electronic controller
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2285—Pilot-operated systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
- F15B1/024—Installations or systems with accumulators used as a supplementary power source, e.g. to store energy in idle periods to balance pump load
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/003—Systems with load-holding valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
- F15B11/024—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member by means of differential connection of the servomotor lines, e.g. regenerative circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
- F15B11/161—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors with sensing of servomotor demand or load
- F15B11/165—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors with sensing of servomotor demand or load for adjusting the pump output or bypass in response to demand
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
- F15B11/17—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors using two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
- F15B21/047—Preventing foaming, churning or cavitation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
- F15B21/082—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means with different modes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/023—Excess flow valves, e.g. for locking cylinders in case of hose burst
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B20/00—Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
- F15B20/005—Leakage; Spillage; Hose burst
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/20507—Type of prime mover
- F15B2211/20515—Electric motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
- F15B2211/20538—Type of pump constant capacity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
- F15B2211/20546—Type of pump variable capacity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
- F15B2211/20569—Type of pump capable of working as pump and motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/20576—Systems with pumps with multiple pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/21—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge
- F15B2211/212—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge the pressure sources being accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
- F15B2211/30515—Load holding valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
- F15B2211/3053—In combination with a pressure compensating valve
- F15B2211/30555—Inlet and outlet of the pressure compensating valve being connected to the directional control valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/3056—Assemblies of multiple valves
- F15B2211/30565—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for a single output member, e.g. for creating higher valve function by use of multiple valves like two 2/2-valves replacing a 5/3-valve
- F15B2211/3058—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for a single output member, e.g. for creating higher valve function by use of multiple valves like two 2/2-valves replacing a 5/3-valve having additional valves for interconnecting the fluid chambers of a double-acting actuator, e.g. for regeneration mode or for floating mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/3056—Assemblies of multiple valves
- F15B2211/3059—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for multiple output members
- F15B2211/30595—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for multiple output members with additional valves between the groups of valves for multiple output members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
- F15B2211/3105—Neutral or centre positions
- F15B2211/3111—Neutral or centre positions the pump port being closed in the centre position, e.g. so-called closed centre
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
- F15B2211/3122—Special positions other than the pump port being connected to working ports or the working ports being connected to the return line
- F15B2211/3133—Regenerative position connecting the working ports or connecting the working ports to the pump, e.g. for high-speed approach stroke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
- F15B2211/3144—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element the positions being continuously variable, e.g. as realised by proportional valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
- F15B2211/327—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation electrically or electronically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/35—Directional control combined with flow control
- F15B2211/353—Flow control by regulating means in return line, i.e. meter-out control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/40—Flow control
- F15B2211/405—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve
- F15B2211/40507—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with constant throttles or orifices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/40—Flow control
- F15B2211/41—Flow control characterised by the positions of the valve element
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/40—Flow control
- F15B2211/415—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit
- F15B2211/41572—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit being connected to a pressure source and an output member
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- F15B2211/8609—Control during or prevention of abnormal conditions the abnormal condition being cavitation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydraulic drive for a mobile work machine, preferably an excavator with a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic machine that has the option of recuperation.
- EP 3 358 201 A1 discloses a device for regenerating hydraulic energy with a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic generator.
- a construction machine with a variable displacement pump and a combined hydraulic pump and generator, ie a combined hydraulic machine, is known from EP 2 738 397 B1.
- This combined hydro machine can recover energy but also pump a working fluid.
- a total pressure level for all hydraulic consumers is established in the named drives. This entire pressure level is specified by the consumer with the highest load pressure. This results in power losses that result from high pressure differences that have to be throttled at individual pressure compensators, for example. These throttling losses occur mainly in part-load operation and when consumers are (simultaneously) operated in parallel and are due to the design as a single-circuit system.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing an improved hydraulic drive, in particular one that is as energy-efficient as possible, for lifting and lowering a load. Furthermore, as few components as possible should preferably be required for the hydraulic drive.
- the invention accordingly relates to a hydraulic drive for a mobile electrified working machine, preferably an excavator.
- the hydraulic drive has a pivotable hydraulic machine that is provided and designed to drive first consumer cylinders and to regenerate potential energy when the first consumer cylinders are retracted/retracted.
- the hydraulic drive also has a hydraulic pump that drives further/other consumer cylinders.
- the hydraulic machine is connected to the first consumer cylinders via a first control circuit and the hydraulic pump is connected to the further consumer cylinders via a second control circuit, and the two control circuits are hydraulically separated from one another.
- the hydraulic drive has the two hydraulic machines/hydraulic pumps.
- the first hydraulic machine/hydraulic pump is hydraulically connected to a first consumer, preferably a boom of the excavator, and raises and lowers the first consumer. As the boom lowers, potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. A flow of fluid flows from a consumer cylinder back to the first hydraulic pump. This kinetic energy can be regenerated by the first hydraulic pump, since the first hydraulic pump is capable of pivoting or mooring. That is, the first hydraulic pump can change its swivel angle to such an extent that it functions as a hydraulic generator.
- the pivotable hydraulic pump is a combined hydraulic pump/generator (hydraulic machine).
- a drive shaft of the hydraulic machine does not have to change its direction of rotation for this.
- the first A hydraulic pump is therefore a combination of a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor and can run in one conveying direction, for example to pump a fluid, but can also be driven by a fluid in another conveying direction as a hydraulic generator.
- the second hydraulic pump is intended and designed exclusively for operating additional consumers.
- the other consumers are, for example, a stick, a bucket and a retarder of the excavator. Further consumers can be, for example, drives, adjustable booms, shields and/or optional consumers.
- the first hydraulic pump is connected to the first consumer via a first hydraulic control circuit.
- the second hydraulic pump is connected to the other consumers via a second hydraulic control circuit.
- the two control circuits are separated from one another in such a way that different pressure levels are possible in the respective control circuits.
- the separate control circuits enable energy-efficient distribution through multiple working fluid flows, provided by multiple hydraulic pumps, to the main and auxiliary linear consumers. Thanks to the hydraulic machine that can pivot, the potential energy when the consumer cylinder is lowered can preferably be recovered without reversing the direction of rotation of the drive shaft that drives the pump. Energy recovery when lowering the boom or retracting the consumer cylinders under active loads is made possible.
- the separate control circuits make it possible to apply different pressure levels in the respective control circuits.
- the present disclosure has the following advantages.
- a fluid flow of the hydraulic pump is added to a fluid flow of the hydraulic machine by a summing valve and vice versa.
- the two control circuits can be switched together by the summation valve.
- the volume flows of the two pumps are added as required to form a total volume flow in one of the two consumer circuits.
- the fluid flow of the hydraulic pump is switched on when the maximum volume flow that can be pumped by the respective hydraulic machine is not sufficient to achieve the required speed of the consumer or consumers. Due to the possibility of adding the fluid flows, the individual hydraulic pumps and components can be made smaller. This leads to reduced losses due to leaks and pressure losses due to better volumetric flow utilization, especially with partial load operation.
- the summation valve separates the two control circuits.
- a volume flow of the hydraulic pump can be applied to a pump line of the hydraulic machine and vice versa.
- the pressure level in the individual control circuits is different from one another.
- different pressures can be present in the first control circuit and in the second control circuit, which is only made possible by the separation of the control circuits.
- the division into different pressure levels makes it possible to reduce throttling losses, especially when several hydraulic pumps and consumers are operated in parallel, which are caused by the fact that different consumers require different load pressures and an individual control circuit has to be based on the consumer with the highest load pressure. Both other consumers, the load pressure must be throttled away, which leads to losses.
- the pivotable hydraulic machine regenerates the recovered energy mechanically via the common shaft directly to the hydraulic pump.
- the recovered energy is transferred directly to the hydraulic pump without intermediate electrical storage.
- the recovered energy can be transmitted without losses in the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy and without losses in electrical intermediate storage.
- the pivotable hydraulic machine converts the recovered energy into electrical energy.
- Kinetic energy when retracting the consumer cylinder is converted into electrical energy by the pivoting hydraulic machine.
- the electrical energy is stored in an accumulator that supplies the electric motor(s) of the hydraulic pump. This is particularly beneficial in the case when the recovered energy is not required directly by the hydraulic pump, but only later.
- the pivotable hydraulic machine is connected to a bottom side of the consumer cylinder via a pump line with an (integrated) main control slide and (integrated) individual pressure compensator.
- the consumer cylinders are connected to the pivotable hydraulic machine via a regeneration line/pump channel.
- the fluid flow of the second hydraulic pump is introduced into the pump line via the summation valve when required.
- the flow of fluid from the hydraulic machine to the bottom side of the consumer cylinder is controlled by the main control slide valve and the individual pressure compensator.
- a flow of fluid occurs from the consumer cylinders to the hydraulic machine that can pivot. This fluid flow is converted into electrical energy by the functioning of the pivotable hydraulic machine as a hydraulic generator. If the volume flow which is conveyed by the hydraulic machine, are not sufficient to set the required (maximum) speeds of the consumer cylinders, the fluid flow of the additional hydraulic pump can be switched on through the summation valve.
- the hydraulic drive has a low-pressure accumulator that provides a minimum pressure that prevents the hydraulic machine that can swivel through from running in an area with too low a pressure.
- the low-pressure accumulator is filled by increasing the preload of a return channel in a main valve block of the hydraulic drive. For this purpose, both the return quantities of the consumers and an additional feed by the hydraulic pump of the second control circuit via a pressure relief valve (e.g. unloading valve when the system is designed as an LUDV system) can be used.
- a pressure relief valve e.g. unloading valve when the system is designed as an LUDV system
- the hydraulic drive has the low-pressure accumulator, which conveys working fluid into the pump channel via a check valve. This is necessary in particular when the user requests rapid changes in load and/or direction of movement. An example of this is when the user commands a lowering in the opposite direction immediately after lifting the consumer at high speed and the hydraulic pump swings out in the negative direction. By the inertia of the consumer remains this in its direction of speed, but the hydraulic machine begins to suck a volume flow out of the pump channel. The same behavior occurs when the shovel hits the ground during the lowering process. This can lead to a massive drop in pressure at the pump outlet, which is not designed for pressures below 1 bar, for example. Damage can result from this, which can be avoided by the additional flow of working fluid from the low-pressure accumulator.
- the hydraulic drive has pipe rupture safety valves which, controlled electrically, set an opening cross section by which a volume flow from the bottom side of the consumer cylinder into the pump channel is controlled.
- the burst check valves can set an opening area that controls the amount of working fluid flowing from the bottom side of the consumer cylinders to the hydraulic machine. This allows the regenerative lowering of the boom to be controlled more precisely than would be possible with the hydraulic machine.
- the pipe rupture safety valves thereby allow fine control during regenerative lowering of the boom.
- the pipe rupture safety valves are controlled independently of the main control slide. All proportional 2/2-way valves with a non-return function in one direction and a flow function in the other direction can be used as pipe rupture safety valves.
- the pipe rupture safety valves allow a fine control range, which is necessary for crane work, to be mapped up to a certain speed. From the specified speed, the pipe rupture safety valve opens completely and the speed during regenerative lowering is only measured by the swiveling hydraulic machine, which works as a hydraulic motor and can return power to the drive shaft.
- the pipe rupture safety valve in the fine control area can be used to compensate for all internal leaks in the lowering path of the hydraulic drive to enable a steady increase in speed from the rest position and thus to avoid an offset in the speed profile.
- the invention ensures the lowering movement in such a way that component and system-related leaks are compensated.
- the component and system-related leaks occur, for example, in a flow regulator in a load pressure reporting channel or a relief line for pressure relief, a first bypass valve in the pump channel to the pivoting hydraulic machine and through leaks in the pivoting hydraulic machine.
- the hydraulic drive has the first bypass valve, which blocks and opens a hydraulic connection between the pump channel and the bottom sides of the consumer cylinders.
- the first bypass valve blocks the connection between the pump channel and the bottom side of the consumer cylinder in order to prevent an increase in pump pressure and an uncontrolled lowering of the consumer.
- pressure from the hydraulic machine is applied to the piston sides of the consumer cylinders.
- Working fluid from the bottom sides of the consumer cylinders is relieved into the return passage. If the connection from the bottom sides to the pump channel were open, the bottom sides would also be relieved through the pump channel. This would increase the pump pressure and as a result be relieved via the relief line and a throttle. This would result in an uncontrolled lowering of the consumer.
- This uncontrolled lowering is prevented by the fact that the first bypass valve blocks the hydraulic connection between the bottom sides of the consumer cylinders and the pump channel during classic lowering.
- the hydraulic drive has a second bypass valve which establishes a connection between the bottom sides of the consumer cylinders and the piston sides of the consumer cylinders.
- the second bypass valve increases the energy efficiency of the overall arrangement and ensures that the piston side of the consumer cylinder is filled.
- the second bypass valve also achieves an increase in the load pressure and a reduction in the volume flow, which must be conveyed from the piston side to the hydraulic machine capable of mooring/slewing through during the regenerative lowering of the boom. Due to the resulting reduction in pump volume flow, the hydraulic machine, including the electric motor driving the hydraulic machine, can be operated at a lower speed than would be possible with the entire boom volume flow, which leads to lower mechanical losses.
- the associated adjustment of the swivel angle of the hydraulic machine to almost the maximum value also helps to further minimize the friction and thus the mechanical losses.
- the second bypass valve results in two advantages.
- the piston side of the consumer cylinder can be filled without a volume flow from the hydraulic pump.
- the volume flow that has to flow back from the bottom side of the consumer cylinder to the hydraulic machine decreases. This allows the speed to be reduced and the displacement of the hydraulic machine to be set to a maximum value.
- the pressure losses in the pump channel caused by the volume flow are reduced.
- the hydraulic pump enables a flow of fluid to the piston side of the consumer cylinder via the summation valve during the recuperative lowering of the first consumer.
- the recuperative lowering can be accelerated by an activated active lowering and the filling of the piston sides of the cylinders can be ensured if the regenerative lowering is carried out without the short-circuit circuit using the second bypass valve.
- the hydraulic drive has pressure sensors that detect a change in a load condition, so that the swivel angle of the hydraulic machine can be adjusted.
- the change in the load condition is detected by the pressure sensors. This happens, for example, when the boom touches the ground. In this case the Hydraulic machine in recuperative mode and slewed to negative. If the soil is to be tilled, an active load on the cylinder by the hydraulic machine is required. Then the swivel angle of the hydraulic machine is adjusted into the positive range. In addition, the main control slide is pushed into the further working position and the two bypass valves are closed. This means that the hydraulic drive is in "classic lowering" mode. As a result, the hydraulic machine can quickly apply pressure and extend the consumer cylinders and thus actively actuate the consumer.
- the hydraulic drive has the pressure relief valves for releasing pressure peaks, in which a load pressure of the relief line acts in the closing direction on a respective end face of the pressure relief valves.
- the pressure relief valve is connected to the pump channel via the relief line.
- the full load pressure is present in the pump channel. This increases the pressure in the relief line.
- the pressure relief valve would open when the load pressure is higher than the set compressive force equivalent of the spring of the pressure relief valve. This would result in an uncontrolled and uncontrollable lowering behavior of the boom. Since the load pressure of the pump channel acts on the face in the closing direction, the pressure relief valve remains in the closed position at the full load pressure of the pump channel and no flow can flow uncontrolled from the boom into the return channel. As a result, the speed of the lowering can be controlled and controlled by the hydraulic machine.
- the load pressure in the pump channel during lowering is reported in a load pressure reporting channel via the hydraulic machine capable of mooring/pivoting. This prevents the pressure relief valve from opening.
- the pressure spikes released by the pressure relief valve result from the fact that movement of the swing angle of the hydraulic machine is slower than movement when closing valves.
- the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic machine are arranged on a common drive shaft. As a result, only one electric motor, which drives the two hydraulic pumps, and one inverter are required. This saves costs and components.
- the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic machine are each arranged on different drive shafts.
- an optimal speed can be achieved for each individual control circuit, which cannot be achieved in every operating situation with a common drive shaft.
- the hydraulic pump is a variable displacement pump. This ensures a required volume flow in the second control circuit.
- the hydraulic pump is a fixed displacement pump. This has the advantage that the hydraulic pump always works with its maximum displacement. As a result, the hydraulic pump is operated efficiently and has cost advantages over an adjustable pump.
- the hydraulic machine is adjustable. This ensures a required volume flow in the first control circuit.
- the hydraulic machine capable of pivoting is constant.
- the hydraulic machine always works with its maximum displacement.
- the hydraulic machine is operated efficiently and has cost advantages over an adjustable pump.
- the pumps for the secondary consumers are arranged on a common drive shaft with the hydraulic machine and the hydraulic pump. This saves costs because no additional drive shaft, electric motor and inverter are required.
- the pumps for the secondary consumers are arranged on a different drive shaft than the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic machine. This means that a lower voltage can be realized with an additional converter. This means that cheaper electric motors can be used. In this way, the pumps for the auxiliary consumers do not have to be operated constantly when the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic machine are driven.
- the hydraulic pump is arranged on a drive shaft which is hydraulically driven to enable regeneration of energy.
- the energetic efficiency can be increased.
- the hydraulic drive has a hydraulic slewing gear. This enables the slewing gear to regenerate. As a result, the hydraulic slewing gear is almost as energy-efficient as an electric slewing gear. A hydraulic slewing gear has a cost advantage over an electric slewing gear.
- the hydraulic slewing gear is designed in a closed circuit.
- the hydraulic drive has an additional hydraulic pump that drives a hydraulic machine of the slewing gear.
- the hydraulic machine can be designed with a constant or a variable displacement.
- the hydraulic slewing gear is designed in an open circuit.
- the system is regulated secondarily.
- the additional hydraulic pump ensures a volume flow to the hydraulic machine of the slewing gear.
- the displacement of the hydraulic machine is controlled by a speed controller. It is also conceivable to dispense with the additional hydraulic pump.
- the hydraulic pump that drives the slewing gear must be able to pivot.
- the hydraulic machine of the slewing gear can be operated with secondary control.
- FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a third embodiment
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a fourth embodiment
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a fifth embodiment
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a sixth embodiment
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a seventh embodiment
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a ninth embodiment.
- the hydraulic drive 1 shows a circuit diagram of a hydraulic drive 1 according to the disclosure.
- the hydraulic drive 1 is used in a (mobile) electrified work machine (not shown), preferably an excavator.
- the hydraulic drive 1 has a hydraulic pump 2 . This can be either a variable displacement pump or a fixed displacement pump.
- the hydraulic drive 1 also has a hydraulic machine 4 that can pivot.
- the hydraulic pump 2 and the hydraulic machine 4 are both arranged on a common drive shaft 6 which is driven by an electric motor 8 .
- An inverter 10 is connected upstream of the electric motor 8 .
- the inverter 10 is supplied by a rechargeable battery 12 via an electrical intermediate circuit.
- the battery 12 also supplies an electric rotary drive 14.
- Additional pumps 16, 18 for secondary consumers are also arranged on the drive shaft 6.
- the secondary consumers are, for example, a line for providing the control pressure or a steering system and/or a brake.
- the hydraulic machine 4 is connected to a pump line 20 .
- the pump line 20 is in turn connected to a main control slide 22 .
- the main control slide 22 is designed as an 8/3-way proportional control valve.
- a port of the main spool 22 is connected to a port A.
- the main control slide 22 is connected to a line 24 to an individual pressure compensator 26 .
- the main control slide 22 has a connection for a line 28 from the individual pressure compensator 26 back to the main control slide 22. In a spring-biased basic position, all connections of the main control slide 22 are blocked.
- a connection from the pump line 20 to the line 24 to the individual pressure compensator 26 and a connection from line 28 from the individual pressure compensator 26 to the connection A are interrupted in the basic position.
- the pump line 20 with the line is in an electrically adjustably actuated working position of the main control slide 22 24 connected to the individual pressure compensator 26 in a hydraulically throttled manner.
- the line 28 from the individual pressure compensator 26 to the main control slide 22 is hydraulically connected to the port A.
- a port B is hydraulically connected to a return passage 30 .
- Secondary pressure relief valves 31 are positioned between ports A and B and main control slide 22, via which a setpoint pressure value can be set on the lines.
- the pump line 20 is connected to the line 24 to the individual pressure compensator 26 in a hydraulically throttled manner.
- Line 28 from individual pressure compensator 26 to main spool valve 22 is hydraulically connected to port B.
- the connection A is hydraulically connected to the return channel 30 .
- a connection of a relief line or a load pressure reporting channel 32 is hydraulically connected to the line to port B via a check valve.
- the individual pressure compensator 26 is designed as a 3/3-way proportional control valve.
- the individual pressure compensator 26 is connected to the main slide 22 via the line 24 on an input side.
- a connection to the relief line 32 and the line 28 back to the main slide 22 are arranged on an output side of the individual pressure compensator 26 .
- In a spring-loaded basic position the hydraulic connections are blocked.
- the individual pressure compensator 26 is pushed hydraulically into a working position by a pressure in the line 24 between the main control slide 22 and the individual pressure compensator 26 .
- the line 24 is hydraulically connected to the line 28 back to the main slide 22.
- the connection of the line 24 from the main slide 22 is connected to the relief line 32 in a hydraulically throttled manner.
- two check valves 34, 36 are arranged in the line 28 between the individual pressure compensator 26 and the main control slide 22 .
- the individual pressure compensator 26 is actuated hydraulically.
- the lines 24, 28 are hydraulically connected from the main control slide 22 via the individual pressure compensator 26 back to the main slide 22.
- the Port A is thus hydraulically connected to the pump line 20 via the main control slide 22 and the individual pressure compensator 26 .
- Port A is connected to base sides 42 of consumer cylinders 44 via two pipe rupture safety valves 38 and 40 (represented in simplified form).
- the piston sides 45 of the consumer cylinders 44 are connected to port B.
- Port B is connected to a port of main control slide 22 . In the working position of the main control slide 22, the port B is hydraulically connected to the return channel 30.
- the bottom sides 42 of the consumer cylinders are connected to a first bypass valve 46 .
- the first bypass valve 46 is designed as a 2/2-way proportional control valve. In a spring-loaded basic position, the connections of the first bypass valve 46 are blocked. In an electrically actuated and adjustable or piloted working position, the bottom sides 42 of the consumer cylinders 44 are connected to a pump channel 48 .
- the pump channel 48 is connected to the hydraulic machine 4 .
- a check valve 50 is arranged in the pump channel 48 so that no fluid flow from the hydraulic machine 4 into the pump channel 48 is possible.
- the hydraulic drive 1 has a second bypass valve 52, which is also designed as a 2/2-way proportional control valve.
- the second bypass valve 52 is arranged between the base side 42 and the piston side 45 of the consumer cylinder 44 . In a basic position, the second bypass valve 52 blocks. In a working position, the second bypass valve 52 connects the piston side 45 with the bottom side 42 of the consumer cylinder 44.
- Pressure sensors 54 are arranged in the lines from the connections A and B to the base side 42 or the piston side 45 of the consumer cylinder 44 .
- the load-sensing line 32 with a check valve 56 branches off from the pump channel 48 .
- the load reporting line 32 is connected to the return channel 30 via a pressure relief valve (load pressure reporting valve) 58 .
- a throttle 60 is arranged between the check valve 56 and the pressure-limiting valve 58 .
- a line with a throttle also branches off from the pump channel 48 63 off.
- the line leads to a tank 74 and has the function of a relief orifice.
- the hydraulic connection from the hydraulic machine to the consumer cylinders 44 corresponds to a first control circuit 5.
- the hydraulic pump 2 is connected to a summing valve 62 via a second pump line 61 .
- the summing valve 62 can be designed as a 3/3-way proportional control valve.
- the summing valve 62 On the outlet side, the summing valve 62 has a connection to the pump line 20 . In a basic position, the summing valve 62 blocks.
- the second pump line 61 In an electrically actuated working position of the summing valve 62, the second pump line 61 is hydraulically connected to the first pump line 20.
- a line leads from the line from the summation valve 62 to the first pump line 20 to a pressure relief valve or unloading valve 64.
- the pressure relief valve 64 is designed as a 2/2-way proportional control valve and is connected to the return channel 30 on the output side.
- the pressure relief valve 64 essentially has the function of a pressure relief valve. In a basic position, the pressure relief valve 64 blocks the connection between the line from the summation valve 62 to the pump line 20 and the return channel 30. In a hydraulically actuated working position of the pressure relief valve 64, the line from the summation valve 62 to the pump line 20 is hydraulically connected to the return channel 30 . Thus, the pressure relief valve 64 relieves the line from the summing valve 62 when the pressure is too high.
- the hydraulic drive 1 has a hydraulic accumulator 66 .
- the hydraulic accumulator 66 is connected to the pump channel 48 and thus to the hydraulic machine 4 .
- the line between the hydraulic accumulator 66 and the hydraulic machine 4 has a check valve 67 and a pressure sensor 68 .
- the hydraulic accumulator 66 is connected to the return duct 30 via a check valve 70 and can be filled from this.
- Pressure relief valves 72, 73 are used to preload the return channel 30.
- a pressure sensor 71 is attached in the line to the hydraulic accumulator 66.
- a Return volume flow is emptied into a tank 74 via the pressure relief valve 73 via a filter 75 .
- the hydraulic drive 1 has a retarder valve section 76 .
- the retarder valve section 76 has a main control slide 78 and an individual pressure compensator 80 which are structurally identical to the main control slide 22 and the individual pressure compensator 26 .
- the main control spool 78 is connected to an A port.
- a load pressure is specified via a pressure-limiting valve 82 between port A and the return duct 30 .
- additional hydraulic power is required, which is provided by the hydraulic pump 2 .
- energy that was regenerated and transferred to the hydraulic pump 2 by the retraction of the consumer cylinders 44 can be dissipated through the retarder valve section 76 .
- the hydraulic drive 1 has a further valve section 84 for the further consumer.
- the further valve section 84 is the second control circuit.
- the structure of the further valve section 84 is essentially identical to the structure of the first control circuit.
- the hydraulic pump 2 builds up hydraulic pressure via the second pump line 61 .
- the hydraulic pump 2 is connected to a port A by a main control slide 86 and an individual pressure compensator 88 . This is connected to a bottom side of another consumer cylinder 90 .
- a piston side of the further consumer cylinder 90 is connected to a connection B. This is connected to the main control slide 86.
- Pressure relief valves 92 are positioned between the main spool valve 86 and ports A and B.
- a relief channel 94 leads to the return channel 30 via a pressure relief valve 96 .
- the further valve section 84 also has a pressure relief valve 98 .
- a pressure is applied in the pump line 20 by the hydraulic machine 4 .
- the line 24 from the main control slide 22 to the individual pressure compensator 26 is also throttled hydraulically (Pressurized) Flow supplied.
- the individual pressure compensator 22 is pushed into its working position and the line 28 from the individual pressure compensator 26 back to the main control slide 22 is hydraulically connected to the pump line 20 .
- the bottom sides 42 of the consumer cylinders 44 are thus supplied with (pressurized) volume flow via the main control slide 22 and the individual pressure compensator 26 .
- the piston sides 45 of the consumer cylinders 44 are connected to the return channel 30 via the connection B. This allows working fluid to flow back from the piston sides 45 into the return channel 30 .
- the "classic" lowering can take place, i.e. via the main control slide 22.
- the main control slide 22 is pushed into the other working position.
- the pump line 20 is hydraulically connected to the port B via the individual pressure compensator 26 .
- a (pressure) volume flow is applied to the piston sides 45 of the consumer cylinders 44 via the hydraulic machine 4 .
- the bottom sides 42 of the consumer cylinders 44 are hydraulically connected to the return channel 30 via the main control slide 22 .
- the return orifice of the main control slide 22 (in conjunction with the pipe rupture safety valves 38 and 40) specifies the lowering speed of the boom.
- the lowering speed of the jib is the retracting speed of the consumer cylinders 44 and the hydraulic machine 4 generally adjusts a significantly smaller inflow volume flow adjusted for the cylinder area ratio.
- the missing differential volume flow can be obtained from the return volume flow by the regeneration circuit located in the main control slide 22 .
- the relief line 32 is hydraulically connected to the line to port B via the main control slide 22 .
- the pump volume flow can be lowered by the regeneration circuit from the relief line 32 and the energetic efficiency can be improved above all in a possible summation operation.
- the retraction speed of the boom is subsequently specified via the inflow volume flow provided by the hydraulic machine 4 .
- the operator accepts the slowing down of the boom speed that occurs as a result, since the digging or jacking process usually begins at this point and increased precision is required.
- the boom can be lowered recuperatively.
- the pipe rupture safety valves 38, 40 and the first bypass valve 46 are shifted by electric actuators.
- the bottom sides 42 of the consumer cylinders 44 are hydraulically connected to the pump channel 48 .
- the hydraulic machine 4 swings through and functions as a hydraulic motor. This regenerates energy.
- the ability to swivel through the swivel mechanism of the hydraulic machine 4 is used, as a result of which it can be operated as a hydraulic motor without the direction of rotation of the drive shaft driving it having to be reversed.
- Design and system-related leakage points occur in the hydraulic drive. These occur, for example, in the relief line 32, in the first bypass valve 46 between the base sides 42 of the consumer cylinder 46 and the pump channel 48 and in the hydraulic machine 4. The pressure in the pump channel 48 can be reduced by these leaks, which leads to an abrupt lowering of the boom. This contradicts fine controllability of the boom and is unacceptable. The influence of leakage is compensated by the pipe rupture safety valves 38 and 40 .
- the pipe rupture safety valves 38 and 40 are designed as proportional valves and can be actuated either directly electrically or in a piloted manner, for example as a valvistor, or can be supplied with an external control pressure via a line. Via the fine control range of the pipe rupture safety valves 38 and 40, an opening cross section is then set very sensitively, which directly influences the lowering speed of the consumer cylinders 44, in that a volume flow flows from the bottom sides 42 of the consumer cylinders 44 into the parallel pump channel 48.
- the first bypass valve 46 has to be opened, which connects the bottom sides 42 of the consumer cylinders 44 to the pump channel 48 .
- the first bypass valve 46 can be designed as a proportional valve, so that it can theoretically also represent the functionality of leakage compensation in excavators without the need to use pipe rupture safety valves (for example in excavators in Japan).
- the first bypass valve 46 is necessary to block the pump channel 48 via the valve unit during the classic lowering process and thus to counteract an increase in pump pressure caused by the necessary connection of the pump channel 48 to the relief line 32 and to prevent uncontrolled lowering. If the first bypass valve 46 is fully open, a pressure can build up in the pump channel 48 as a result of the volume flow flowing out of the pipe rupture safety valves 38 and 40 if the system and component-related leaks have been compensated for. The leaks caused by the system and components appear via the hydraulic machine 4, the check valve 56 and the throttle 63, while the swivel angle of the hydraulic machine 4 is swiveled back to zero in this phase of speed introduction. The pressure in the pump channel 48 drops as a result of the leaks.
- the hydraulic machine 4 acts as a hydraulic motor and thus as a working fluid flow sink during the recuperative lowering, it cannot be used as a volume flow source for filling the piston sides 45 of the consumer cylinders 44 .
- a summation with the working fluid flow from the hydraulic pump 2 via the summation valve 62 also makes little sense for energy reasons, since especially during the parallel operation of several consumers due to the low pressure of the volume flow required by the boom, there is a high power loss at the same time higher pressures of the parallel consumers.
- the hydraulic drive 1 has the second proportionally adjustable bypass or regeneration valve 52 which connects the bottom side 42 to the piston side 45 of the consumer cylinder 44 .
- the two cylinder chambers 42 and 45 can be short-circuited (if the opening cross section of the second bypass valve 52 is large enough), as a result of which the pressures in the two cylinder chambers 42 and 45 adjust and the pressure increases due to a virtual reduction in the cylinder surface.
- the piston side 45 can be filled without an additional working fluid flow provided by a pump, for example, and on the other hand the volume flow decreases , which must flow back to the hydraulic machine 4 from the bottom sides 42 of the consumer cylinders 44 .
- This allows the speed to be reduced and the displacement of the hydraulic machine 4 to be set to a maximum value.
- the decrease by the Volume flow caused pressure losses in the resistance of the pressure lines.
- Another task of the second bypass valve 52 is to limit the maximum pressure of the pressures that occur in the two cylinder chambers 42 and 45 in the event of a short circuit Short-circuit circuit results in a higher pressure in the cylinder chambers 42 and 45 than the opening pressure set at the secondary pressure relief valves 31, the opening cross-section of the second bypass valve 52 is adjusted by appropriate control so that the resulting flow loss in the pump channel 48 reduces the pressures in the cylinder chambers 42 and 45 effected.
- the setpoint value set for controlling the pressures must be below the opening pressures set at the secondary pressure relief valves 31 in order to prevent the cylinder from being lowered in an uncontrolled manner.
- the pressure sensors 53 and 54 are used for the control, with the pressure sensor 54 on the base being absolutely necessary and the pressure sensor 53 on the piston side being included only to improve the control behavior.
- a further challenge of this control arrangement lies in switching between recuperative and classic retraction of consumer cylinders 44 when load changes occur. These load changes occur primarily when the boom or the tool, usually the bucket, touches the ground that is to be processed. This changes the pressure conditions in the consumer cylinders 44 and an active load becomes a passive load that has to be driven.
- the hydraulic machine 4 since the hydraulic machine 4 has pivoted into the negative as a result of the recuperative lowering process, the change in the load state must be detected by the pressure sensors 53, 54 and 68 and recognized by an evaluation unit become. In this case, the swivel angle of the hydraulic machine 4 is adjusted into the positive range and the main control slide 22 is adjusted in the direction of lowering the boom, and the two bypass valves 46 and 52 are closed.
- the boom can now be lowered "classically" and a corresponding force in the Giving direction of movement. Since a jump in speed would also be felt in the case of a complete lowering process in the classic sense due to the system, the delay times for a switchover process from recuperative to classic lowering are also accepted.
- the reason for this is the use of the pressure relief valves 64 and 98, which cut off or prevent pressure peaks when the volumetric flow specifications change and take over a pressure limitation of the line from the summation valve 62.
- the pressure relief valves 64 and 98 thus assume primary pressure limitation as a type of pilot-operated pressure relief valve in conjunction with the load pressure signaling pressure relief valve 58.
- the pressure peaks result from a slower movement of the pump swivel angle when swiveling back than when closing valves. Since the main control slide 22 is not moved during recuperative lowering and therefore no control edges are opened either, no load pressure can form in the relief line 32 .
- the pressure in the pump channel 48 increases to the value of the load pressure after the pipe rupture safety valves 38 and 40 are fully open and the first bypass valve 46 is open. This increases the pressure on the opening face of the pressure relief valve 64, which can thereby open fully as soon as the load pressure is higher than the set compressive force equivalent of the spring of the pressure relief valve 64. This would result in an uncontrolled and uncontrollable lowering behavior of the boom, which cannot be tolerated for safety reasons alone.
- an interconnection is proposed in the present disclosure, which essentially consists of a connection of the pump channel 48 with the relief line 32 of the boom and the check valves 50 and 56 and the throttle 63.
- the aim is that the load pressure applied to the hydraulic machine 4 during the recuperative lowering is also reported to the common relief line 32 and the summation valve 62 and is also applied to the end face of the pressure relief valve 64 in the closing direction. Since the prestressing force of the spring also acts in this direction, the pressure relief valve 64 remains in a closed state and no volume flow can flow uncontrolled from the boom into the return channel 30 and the speed can still be controlled by the hydraulic machine 4 .
- the check valve 56 prevents a backflow of working fluid from the load-sensing line 32 into the pump channel 48, where it would otherwise flow via the throttle 63 into the return 30 and thus no pressure could build up in the load-sensing line 32 during normal operation.
- the throttle 63 serves to avoid possible pressure restraints in the pump channel 48 and as a damping orifice during the pressure build-up during recuperative lowering of the boom.
- the check valve 50 prevents the working fluid from flowing into the pump channel 48 during normal operation of the assembly (e.g. when raising the boom) and thus raising the pump pressure to maximum pressure should the system be implemented as an eLS system.
- Another special feature of this control arrangement is the wiring and arrangement of components to protect the hydraulic machine 4. This is necessary because changes in load and movement can cause conditions that can lead to cavitation at the pressure inlet of the hydraulic machine 4 and thus damage it because this is not designed for this. These cavitation states can occur when, for example, a rapid reversal of movement is to take place from rapid lifting to rapid lowering of the boom. Since the boom is very sluggish, it follows its activation with a time delay and so when the hydraulic machine 4 pivots, working fluid can already be sucked out of the pump channel 48 or the pump line 20 before the consumer cylinders 44 have changed their direction of movement and can fill the pump channel 48 with working fluid .
- working fluid can be taken from the hydraulic accumulator 66 via the check valve 67 and pumped into the pump line 20 of the hydraulic machine 4 . This happens automatically as soon as the pressure in the pump line 20 is lower than the pressure in the hydraulic accumulator 66.
- the target values for the opening pressures of the two pressure-limiting valves or preloaded check valves 72 and 73 are increased to a value that allows the return volume flow from the return channel 30 through the check valve 70 to fill the hydraulic accumulator 66 until the maximum specified accumulator pressure has been reached.
- the pressure limiting valves 72 and 73 are used to preload the return channel 30, with the pressure limiting valve 73 being set to a lower value than the pressure limiting valve 72, so that a large part of the return volume flow can flow through the filter 75 on the way to the tank 74. If the flow resistance across the filter 58 increases too much, the pressure-limiting valve 72 opens and lets the excess volume flow unfiltered into the tank 74 to protect the filter 58.
- the actual accumulator pressure can be taken from the pressure sensor 71. If the accumulator 45 is filled with the required amount of working fluid, the target values for the pressure-limiting valves 72 and 73 can be reset to their standard values. The actuation of the pressure-limiting valves 72 and 73 can be realized with an externally applied control pressure or directly electrically actuated. The working fluid flow for filling the hydraulic accumulator 66 can flow back directly from the consumers in the return channel 30 volume flows or if these should not be sufficient or should not be given by the hydraulic pump 2 and/or the hydraulic machine 4 .
- the hydraulic pump must be overridden beyond the actual total volume flow requirement of all actuated consumers, which can be realized very advantageously with so-called flow matching systems.
- the volume flow not required by the consumers can then flow into the return channel 30 via the respective pressure relief valves 64 and/or 98 .
- a further possibility is the actuation of the retarder valve section 76, in which the main control slide 78 is actuated in direction A and the volume flow can flow into the return channel 30 via the non-actuated pressure-limiting valve 82.
- the two connections A and B of the retarder valve section 76 are closed.
- the hydraulic accumulator 66 must always be full. This can be checked with the pressure sensor 71.
- the retarder function should fulfill the functionality of being able to dissipate energy at the moment when energy can be recovered electrically from states of motion or their changes, but cannot be temporarily stored in the battery. This is the case, for example, when the battery/rechargeable battery 12 is fully charged or when the battery is defective. This is the case, for example, when the rotational movement of the superstructure is decelerated and the energy produced cannot be fed into the electrical storage device/accumulator 12 . Or even if the electrical energy can no longer be absorbed during the recuperative lowering, the energy can be destroyed accordingly by the retarder.
- a volume flow can be measured by the main control slide 78 in the retarder valve section 76 via the inlet orifice in the direction of the connection A and a load pressure can be specified by specifying the opening pressure of the pressure-limiting valve 82 .
- This causes additional hydraulic power, which has to be provided by the hydraulic pump 2 . It is thus possible to transmit the energy or power recovered by the recuperative lowering of the boom from the hydraulic machine 4 directly to the hydraulic pump 2, which is intended to be dissipated by the retarder section.
- the situation is similar with the power fed back from the slewing gear. This is driven by the electric motor 8 recorded and forwarded through the connected drive shaft 6 to the hydraulic pump 2 as well.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to the first embodiment.
- the hydraulic pump 2 is a variable displacement pump and the hydraulic machine 4 is a variable hydraulic machine.
- the hydraulic pump 2 and the hydraulic machine 4 are arranged on the same drive shaft 6 .
- the drive shaft 6 is driven by the electric motor 8, which is preceded by an inverter 10.
- the fluid flows of the hydraulic pump 2 and the hydraulic machine 4 are added by the summation valve 62 .
- the pumps 16, 18 for the secondary consumers are also arranged on the common drive shaft 6.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a second embodiment.
- the hydraulic pump 2 is a fixed displacement pump.
- the arrangement of the individual components and the functional relationships between the components is the same in the second embodiment as in the first embodiment.
- the volume flow requirement is achieved in this circuit by a speed-variable control of the electric motor 8, so that in many cases or operating states during use of the excavator, a needs-based supply can be achieved.
- the advantage lies in more efficient operation, since the hydraulic pump 2 always works at its maximum displacement and also in lower costs, since Constant displacement hydraulic pumps have a cost advantage over variable displacement hydraulic pumps.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a third embodiment.
- the hydraulic machine 4 and the pumps 16, 18 for the secondary consumers are arranged on the same drive shaft 6.
- the hydraulic pump 2, which is a variable displacement pump, is arranged on its own drive shaft 100.
- the hydraulic pump 2 is driven by its own electric motor 102 with its own inverter 104 .
- a better adjustment of an optimal speed for each individual control circuit can be achieved in this way, which is not achieved in every operating situation by a common drive shaft.
- a summation of the volume flows within the summation valve 62 is also possible, so that the hydraulic pumps 2, 4 and above all the electric motors 8, 102 can be smaller in their dimensions than in the first embodiment.
- the pumps 16 and 18 for providing the volume flows for the control pressure supply and for the steering/brake remain on a common drive shaft with one of the hydraulic pumps. In the case shown, this is the hydraulic machine 4 for the first consumer, ie the boom. However, it would also be possible to connect the pumps 16 and 18 to the drive shaft 100 of the hydraulic pump 4 for the other consumers, ie the stick and bucket.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a fourth embodiment.
- the fourth embodiment is similar to the third embodiment except that the hydraulic pump 2 is a fixed displacement pump.
- the hydraulic pump 2 thus has a constant displacement.
- Fifth embodiment is similar to the third embodiment except that the hydraulic pump 2 is a fixed displacement pump.
- the hydraulic pump 2 thus has a constant displacement.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a fifth embodiment.
- the hydraulic machine 4 is not adjustable.
- the hydraulic machine 4 is driven by the electric motor 8 .
- the hydraulic pump 2 is also not adjustable and is driven by the additional electric motor 102 .
- the pumps 16, 18 for the secondary consumers are driven by yet another electric motor 106 with an inverter 108.
- the hydraulic pumps 2, 4 and 16 and 18 are therefore each arranged on different drive shafts.
- control pressure pump 16 and the pump 18 for supplying the steering and brakes are driven by the separate electric motor 106 .
- the electric motor 106 does not necessarily have to be operated with the voltage of the intermediate circuit.
- An additional DC/DC converter (not shown) can also be used to supply the inverter 108 with a significantly lower voltage and thus cheaper electric motors from an expanded product portfolio (for example 12V, 24V or 48V) can also be used.
- the advantage of separating the supply of drive power for control pressure and steering/brakes is that pumps 16 and 18 are no longer constantly driven when hydraulic pumps 2 and 4 have to be driven. As a result, power losses can be avoided, which mainly result from neutral circulation current losses in the hydraulic drive.
- a further advantageous addition can be seen in the integration of a hydraulic accumulator 110 in the control pressure line.
- hydraulic energy can be stored accordingly and the hydraulic motor or pump 16 can only be operated when the pressure in the hydraulic accumulator 110 drops below a previously specified minimum value. Only then is the electric motor 106 switched on and fills up the hydraulic accumulator 110 again.
- the advantage here is that the pumps 16 and 18 and the electric motor 106 are not constantly in operation and while they are in operation, however, they can be operated in an optimal working range.
- the hydraulic pumps 2 and 4 can also be implemented with variable swivel angles.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a sixth embodiment.
- the arrangement of the components in the sixth embodiment is the same as the arrangement of the components in the fifth embodiment.
- the hydraulic machine 4 and the hydraulic pump 2 are variable.
- the hydraulic machine 4 and the hydraulic pump 2 can be connected to one another via a clutch 12 . This results in the possibility of direct mechanical recuperation when lowering the boom in the direction of the hydraulic pump 2, which can improve energy efficiency if the operating situation allows it.
- the individual electrical machines 8 and 102 and inverters 10 and 104 do not have to be designed for the maximum power/maximum torque of the hydraulic consumers, but can be interconnected if necessary, if one consumer or several consumers request a higher torque than the maximum torque, for example which the respective electrical machines are designed. This means that smaller and, above all, cheaper machines and inverters can be used.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a seventh embodiment.
- the previously listed embodiments all have a slewing gear or a hydraulic pump, which is driven directly electrically. For cost reasons, however, it may make sense to run the slewing gear hydraulically if it is also capable of regeneration and can therefore be operated with almost the same energy efficiency as a purely electric slewing gear.
- 8 shows a variant in which the slewing gear is designed in a closed circuit.
- an additional hydraulic pump 114 is integrated on the drive shaft 100 of the stick/bucket drive unit and drives a hydrostatic pump 112, which can be designed either with constant or variable displacement.
- the hydraulic pump 114 must be designed with an adjustable displacement.
- the arrangement of Pumps 16 and 18 for the secondary consumers is identical to that in the fifth and sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to an eighth embodiment.
- the eighth embodiment is an expression of the open loop system as a secondary controlled system.
- the hydrostatic hydraulic pump 114 (with variable displacement) provides a pressure in the supply line to the hydrostatic pump 112, which is controlled by, for example, a speed control in its displacement and can realize a movement by torque build-up.
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic representation of selected components of the hydraulic drive according to the disclosure according to a ninth embodiment. It is also conceivable to dispense with the hydrostatic hydraulic pump 114 of the eighth embodiment and, if necessary, to provide a required pressure in the common control circuit for the arm/bucket circuit and the slewing gear by means of the hydraulic pump 2 (this must then be designed to be pivotable like the hydraulic machine 4). build up.
- the hydrostatic pump 112 can then be operated again with secondary control.
- the volume flow that flows back when the slewing gear is decelerated can be made available directly to the users, the stick and bucket.
- the hydraulic machine 4 and the hydraulic pump 2 can be connected to one another via a clutch 12 .
- the individual electrical machines 8 and 102 and inverters 10 and 104 do not have to be designed for the maximum power/maximum torque of the hydraulic consumers, but can be interconnected if necessary, if one consumer or several consumers request a higher torque than that, for example Maximum torque for which the respective electric machines are designed.
- the hydraulic drive 1 can be designed as an LUDV system (load-pressure-independent flow valve), but also theoretically as any other hydraulic system common for excavators, e.g. NC, ePC, or for any other pump strategy, e.g. VBO.
- LUDV load-pressure-independent flow valve
- control arrangement described in this disclosure is implemented as a LUDV system and can be operated with an electronic eLS system controller as well as an EFM system.
- EFM system electronic eLS system controller
- this control arrangement can be designed as any other throttle-controlled system conceivable when used in excavators.
- the pump volume flows of one circuit or one pump can be conveyed or added to the other circuit.
- the inflow orifice of the boom circuit can theoretically be opened completely and the volumetric flow can be set purely via the pump using displacement control. This would have the advantage that a correspondingly low pressure drop can be realized across the inlet orifice and thus the energetic efficiency in these states is improved.
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- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
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Citations (7)
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EP2657412A2 (de) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-10-30 | Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd. | Betätigungssystem für einen hybridbaggerausleger und steuerungsverfahren dafür |
DE102014216031A1 (de) | 2014-08-13 | 2016-03-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydrostatischer Antrieb und Ventilvorrichtung dafür |
EP2738397B1 (de) | 2011-07-25 | 2016-08-17 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Baumaschine |
US20170037602A1 (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-02-09 | Caterpillar Inc. | Hydraulic System for an Earth Moving Machine |
EP3358201A1 (de) | 2015-09-29 | 2018-08-08 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Druckölenergierückgewinnungsvorrichtung einer arbeitsmaschine |
EP3748168A1 (de) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-09 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Hydraulisches antriebssystem mit zwei pumpen und energierückgewinnung |
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DE202009004071U1 (de) | 2009-03-23 | 2010-08-12 | Liebherr-France Sas, Colmar | Antrieb für einen Hydraulikbagger |
DE102016003390A1 (de) | 2015-10-23 | 2017-04-27 | Liebherr France Sas | Vorrichtung zur Rückgewinnung hydraulischer Energie bei einem Arbeitsgerät und ein entsprechendes Arbeitsgerät |
DE102016217541A1 (de) | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulisches Antriebssystem mit mehreren Zulaufleitungen |
DE102017204291A1 (de) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-09-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrohydraulischer Antrieb, Antriebsanordnung, Strömungsmaschine und Verfahren |
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- 2021-09-13 DE DE102021210054.6A patent/DE102021210054A1/de active Pending
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- 2022-09-01 WO PCT/EP2022/074332 patent/WO2023036683A1/de active Application Filing
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Patent Citations (7)
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US20030221339A1 (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2003-12-04 | Komatsu Ltd. | Construction equipment |
EP2657412A2 (de) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-10-30 | Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd. | Betätigungssystem für einen hybridbaggerausleger und steuerungsverfahren dafür |
EP2738397B1 (de) | 2011-07-25 | 2016-08-17 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Baumaschine |
DE102014216031A1 (de) | 2014-08-13 | 2016-03-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydrostatischer Antrieb und Ventilvorrichtung dafür |
US20170037602A1 (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-02-09 | Caterpillar Inc. | Hydraulic System for an Earth Moving Machine |
EP3358201A1 (de) | 2015-09-29 | 2018-08-08 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Druckölenergierückgewinnungsvorrichtung einer arbeitsmaschine |
EP3748168A1 (de) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-09 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Hydraulisches antriebssystem mit zwei pumpen und energierückgewinnung |
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CN117940677A (zh) | 2024-04-26 |
DE102021210054A1 (de) | 2023-03-16 |
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