Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
  • C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
  • C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
  • C02F2103/38—Polymers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

• the present invention refers to a process for recycling empty packaging specially used as containers for agricultural pesticides diluted in water.
• blown packaging produced in conjunction with a traditional multi-material coextrusion process combined with a blowing process, where the packaging wall is defined by the final composition of two or more distinct layers of different polymers that generally do not have chemical compatibility with each other and, consequently, it requires adequate technology for recycling.
• the present invention is related to the patent BR102020009165-4B1, PROCESS FOR RECYCLING PACKAGING OF AGRICULTURAL GOODS PACKAGING, cited here in full, and in this case, despite the packaging also being produced by coextrusion and blowing process , presents its wall defined by only one layer, consequently, it is a monomaterial that is extremely simpler to be recycled.
• this process integrates a reverse logistics system for empty pesticide containers, involving farmers, distribution channels, agricultural cooperatives and phytosanitary manufacturing industries, so that the processed packages can return to the production cycle as raw material for manufacturing other products, mainly new packaging.
• Law No. 9,974, of June 6, 2000 - amends the Law No. 7802, of July 11, 1989, which provides for research, experimentation, production, packaging and labeling, transport, storage, commercialization, commercial advertising, use, import, export, the final destination of residues and packages, registration, classification, control, inspection and inspection of pesticides, their components and the like, and makes other provisions.
• the recycling system connects farmers, distribution channels and cooperatives to a network of receiving units.
• the units respect technical norms and their operation depends on the licensing of the public authorities. Most of them are managed by associations of resellers, and there are some units that own the system that sends the material received at the units to its final destination for recycling or incineration.
• the present invention is a complement to a reverse logistics system for empty pesticide containers, as it is known that the number of such containers arriving, transiting and remaining in the field is considerable.
• the present process is part of a reverse engineering system that works for the conservation of the environment and sustainability of agribusiness, representing the agricultural defensive manufacturing industry or carrying out the reverse packaging logistics .
• the system defines work that makes a difference and acts as an intelligence center that involves shared responsibility , because if everyone does their part in accordance with the aforementioned laws , especially with regard to farmers , who are responsible for wash, disable, store and return empty packages to distribution channels.
• Agricultural cooperatives and others are committed to identifying the place to return the invoice and receive the packages.
• the manufacturing industry is committed to removing the packages from the receiving units and giving them their final destination. It is up to the public authorities to finalize the process.
• the washed and selected packages notably those shaped by the blowing process, are pressed and prepared in bales, so that they can have an extremely reduced volume for ease of transport to the recycling unit itself.
• the crushed material flakes undergo a drying stage and are then sent to a silo, where they remain or are bagged for storage.
• the flakes constitute the first phase of the recycled raw material for reuse, however, all crushed material then goes to an extruder, where it is melted at a temperature of 190°C to 300°C.
• the molten material passes through a matrix with circular holes and is immediately cut by a rotating knife and cooled by running water, the speed of the rotating knife determines the size of the granules according to a desired granulometry, later the granules are dried and stored in bags or big bags, thus finalizing the recycled raw material to be used in the manufacture of new packaging for the same industrial sector, however, in the process in question, the granules or raw material, undergo drying stages before entering the extrusion and blowing process, logically depending on the resulting RAW MATERIAL including the mixture of two polymers, one of them with a more pronounced hygroscopic capacity and, as a result, the process is substantially more efficient if the degree of moisture remains at a rate consistent with the extrusion and blowing steps.
• plastics are synthetic polymeric organic materials, of macromolecular constitution, all of them with characteristics that allow RECYCLING, however, through specific processes for each of them, which mainly take into account the characteristics of the polymer, such as also of the contaminants involved.
• BR102014008094 published on 03/31/2015
• BR0704541 published on 01/06/2009
• GB1411378 published on 10/22/1975.
• BR102014008094 teaches a recycling system for plastic packaging with different contaminants, such as: lubricating oils, greases, fertilizers, etc) and considers reverse logistics and without generating effluents.
• This system comprises: milling device composed of a feeding conveyor connected to it, whose interior has mobile and fixed knives and, in the lower part, a sieve is defined; separator/decontamination device composed of a horizontal tank; dryer device; and separator/decontamination device. Additionally, it also teaches that recycling occurs with the reuse of water used in the process (closed circuit).
• PI0704541 teaches a non-complete process for recycling plastic materials from packaging and electrical wires.
• PI0704541 all material decanted and filtered during the process, due to its highly toxic origin, are separated, dried and packed in special barrels and are sent for incineration, and this procedure is controlled and informed to the organs competent .
• GB1411378 was developed to recover thermoplastic scrap material in the form of films, sheets, foils and laminates in various shapes and without significant contaminants, therefore, it includes steps so that they are only transformed into a shredded product, suitable for food an extruder and, for this purpose, it has a granulator in which the material is reduced to fragmented form and then passes through drying and separation stages through a centrifuge, a ventilation unit, a heater and a cyclone. To avoid wasting excess water, it is pumped from a recirculation tank connected to receive the water and slag discharged from the centrifuge.
• Clean, dry, ground material discharged from the cyclone can be fed into a storage vessel or, alternatively, is fed directly into a feed hole at the top of the ground material feed hopper, to be fed from there to the extruder screw. which serves to pass the material to an appropriate matrix to be extruded through it and transformed into raw material for new plastic products.
• GB1411378 describes a specific process for recycling thermoplastic scrap monomaterial in the form of films, sheets, sheets and laminates in various forms and without significant contaminants, consequently, unlike the process in question, its stages of processing are specific for recycling plastics not contaminated with pesticides, as well as specific for single-material scrap.
• a recycling process for packaging used as containers for crop protection products. These packages are manufactured by coextrusion and blowing process, having walls in multilayers of different polymers.
• Another objective of the invention is a process that does not use any type of solvent, that is, it uses only water.
• Another object of the invention is a closed water recirculation circuit which, in turn, includes a combined system for treating used or effluent water, so that it can return to the process.
• Another objective of the invention is to add to the process steps of drying the raw material obtained with the recycling steps, preparing it for extrusion or co-extrusion and subsequent blowing step.
• FIGURE 01 represents a perspective exemplifying a package to be recycled
• FIGURE 02 shows a basic scheme in a side view of equipment assembled in series so that the packaging to be recycled can pass through control quality, grinding, crushing, washing, separating, drying and storage;
• FIGURE 03 shows the same scheme as the previous figure, however, it is a top view of the aforementioned equipment
• FIGURE 04 illustrates a schematic view of the pellet dehumidification process
• FIGURE 05 is a complete diagram of the "water cycle” - cycle of using water or effluent that is treated and returns to the process.
• PROCESS FOR RECYCLING COEXTRUSED PACKAGING OF AGRICULTURAL GOODS is applied in different packages (E), also known as drums, containers, gallons and various containers, traditionally manufactured with multimaterial by a coextrusion process combined with blowing, having its wall defined by two or more distinct layers of different polymers and which generally do not have chemical compatibility with each other, as well as being widely used as containers for distribution and sale of agricultural defensives.
• E packages
• E also known as drums, containers, gallons and various containers, traditionally manufactured with multimaterial by a coextrusion process combined with blowing, having its wall defined by two or more distinct layers of different polymers and which generally do not have chemical compatibility with each other, as well as being widely used as containers for distribution and sale of agricultural defensives.
• the packages are washed, they are inspected and separated according to the type of raw material, color of the plastic resin and other characteristics inherent to the manufacture of each type of package and its components, mainly with regard to the lids .
• bales (F) The washed and selected packages, notably those formed by the blowing process, are pressed and prepared in bales (F) , so that they can have an extremely reduced volume for easy storage and transport to the recycling unit itself , where the process in question actually starts and the following steps are performed, observing figures 2 and 3: a) the packages (E) in bales are positioned on a selection bench (1) , where they are manually pulled to the selection bench (2) , where the bales are dismantled and, at the same time, manual and visual quality control is carried out, separating materials not inherent to the process; b) the packages (E) that pass through the first quality control are captured and taken to an ascending conveyor belt (3) to the top of a crusher (4) , where they are filleted, in this step the packages are cut into intermediate sizes and, due to friction, the separation of the labels begins, the threaded material is dumped on another ascending conveyor belt (5) to the top of a bifurcated spout (6) that feeds the material
• the air flows pass through a first set of heaters (32a) and (32b), after which the circuit is unified again in the inlet duct (26) which, before to enter the dehumidifier silo (25), it includes another heater (33), after which said inlet duct (26) includes a directing nozzle (34) inside the dehumidifier silo (25), where the dehumidified air circulates in contact with the pellets and the used and saturated air leaves through the exit duct (27) returning to the dehumidification system.
• the dehumidified pellets exit through the funneled lower part of the dehumidifier silo (25) and through its material exit duct (35) are directed directly to the blowing machine (S) where the new packages will be manufactured; h) effluent treatment and reuse (figure 5) - concurrently with steps (b), (c), (d) and (e) , the effluent travels through a closed reuse circuit through pipelines with valves and pumps and returns to the same stages, and, for that, the outlet points of waste water (8) and (11), (16a-16b) respectively of the mills (7a-7b), first pair of beating cylinders (14a-14b ) and second pair of beating cylinders (17a-17b) flow into the collection tank (10) which, in turn, has three output ducts, an upper output duct for saturated effluent
• the process in question is continuous and, in certain periods, different quality controls are carried out, not only with regard to the operation of the equipment, but also with regard to the different materials involved in it, including with emphasis on the effluent that, in certain periods, is monitored, collecting samples in transparent bottles that are left resting for a certain time and then are analyzed for observation of its transparency, amount of solids decanted and those that are in suspension. In this condition, depending on the observed percentage, if it is above the pre-established standard, it is defined that the system water must be changed.
• valves and pumps are activated so that all or part of the system's effluent is drained and diverted to the treatment station (49), where it undergoes a treatment based on flocculation, decantation, filtering through a press filter and other care.
• the water passes through a carbon filter (64) and a zeolite filter (65) connected in series and is then stored in the reservoir (63) to return to the process.
• the present invention is a process that integrates a reverse logistics system for empty pesticide containers, such as the one exemplified in figure 1, manufactured by the coextrusion and blowing process, involving farmers, distribution channels, cooperatives agricultural industries and phytosanitary manufacturing industries, so that the processed packaging can return to the production cycle as raw material for the manufacture of other products, mainly new packaging.
• the washed and selected packages notably those shaped by the blowing process, are pressed and prepared in bales (F), so that they can have an extremely reduced volume for ease of transport to the recycling unit proper.
• the pressed packages are processed according to the process in question, where, initially, they are crushed or ground, but again a quality control is carried out.
• the crushed material flakes undergo a drying stage and are then sent to a silo, where they remain or are bagged for storage.
• the flakes constitute the first phase of the recycled raw material for reuse, however, all crushed material then goes to an extruder, where it is melted at a temperature of 150°C to 270°C.
• the melted material passes through a matrix with circular holes and is immediately cut by a rotating knife and cooled by running water, the speed of the rotating knife determines the size of the granules according to a desired granulometry, later the pellet granules are dried and stored in bags or big bags, thus finalizing the recycled raw material to be used in the manufacture of new packaging for the same industrial sector, however, before being taken to extrusion and blowing, they undergo a drying process and humidity control.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
• Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Citations (2)

• 2021
  • 2021-08-25 BR BR102021016837-4A patent/BR102021016837B1/pt active IP Right Grant
• 2022
  • 2022-08-17 WO PCT/BR2022/050320 patent/WO2023023830A1/pt unknown
  • 2022-08-24 AR ARP220102281A patent/AR126865A1/es unknown

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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