WO2023005803A1 - 一种激振捣固装置 - Google Patents

一种激振捣固装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023005803A1
WO2023005803A1 PCT/CN2022/107124 CN2022107124W WO2023005803A1 WO 2023005803 A1 WO2023005803 A1 WO 2023005803A1 CN 2022107124 W CN2022107124 W CN 2022107124W WO 2023005803 A1 WO2023005803 A1 WO 2023005803A1
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Prior art keywords
tamping
vibration
hinged
double
frame
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PCT/CN2022/107124
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王磊
李春龙
李居瑞
向康
巩家祥
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常州中车瑞泰装备科技有限公司
中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202110860086.5A external-priority patent/CN113463451A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202121744892.8U external-priority patent/CN218436416U/zh
Application filed by 常州中车瑞泰装备科技有限公司, 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 filed Critical 常州中车瑞泰装备科技有限公司
Priority to EP22848408.5A priority Critical patent/EP4379136A1/en
Publication of WO2023005803A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023005803A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tamping device, in particular to a vibration-exciting tamping device, which belongs to the technical field of rail transit.
  • Tamping equipment is used in the field of rail transit for tamping operations during railway maintenance—that is, gathering and compacting ballast gravel under the track. Its typical structure is a Chinese patent with publication number CN106414849A and application number 201580024294.4
  • the document discloses, F) which has a support element that is guided in a height-adjustable manner relative to the tamping device frame along the guide element, on which a tamping tool pair configured as a swing lever is pivotably supported,
  • Certain tamping tools of the pair of tamping tools for sinking into the gravel bed can be driven in opposite directions by means of an oscillating drive and can be advanced hydraulically, wherein for each tamping tool of the pair of tamping tools
  • the tool is equipped with a feed drive, wherein a plurality of tamping tools form a tamping unit, between which there is a space for surrounding the rail and which are mechanically connected to each other, and for each swivel lever Equipped with
  • This technical solution proposes a hydraulically excited double sleeper tamping device, which drives 4 pick arms to vibrate and clamp through 4 hydraulically excited oil cylinders, so as to realize the tamping operation near the rail on one side of the 2 sleepers .
  • This solution has the following disadvantages: 1) four hydraulic vibration cylinders are required, which is costly; 2) the paired ramming arms are respectively driven by hydraulic cylinders whose upper ends do not extend in a straight line, and the force balance is not good, which is not conducive to ensuring alignment Clamping; 3)
  • the two sets of tamping picks in the length direction of the sleeper can only be clamped synchronously because they are installed on the same pick arm. When the density of ballast at the two corresponding positions is different, it is difficult to achieve uniform compaction.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a compact, force-balanced and cost-effective vibrating tamping device by improving the structure to achieve better compaction effect.
  • the basic technical solution of the exciting vibration tamping device of the present invention is: comprising a liftable tamping frame;
  • At least one vibration-exciting device is hinged in the middle of the tamping frame
  • At least two double-ended telescopic clamping oil cylinders the cylinder bodies of which are respectively fixed on both sides of the connecting plate;
  • At least two sets of paired tamping arms are respectively hinged on both sides of the tamping frame, and the upper ends are respectively hinged with the piston ends of the corresponding double-ended telescopic clamping oil cylinders.
  • the present invention adopts a reasonable setting scheme of "concentrated vibration driving and decentralized clamping drive”.
  • the ends are hinged, which not only realizes that the force on the upper ends of the pairs of tamping picks is equal in size and opposite in direction, and the force is balanced, and the action is symmetrical, which can ensure the centering and clamping, and the structure is very compact;
  • the two sides of the cylinder are fixedly connected to parallel double-ended telescopic clamping oil cylinders, and the inner end is connected to the rational arrangement of the vibration excitation device.
  • Each vibration excitation device (such as hydraulic vibration exciter or electromagnetic exciter) can drive 4 tamping cylinders at the same time.
  • the solid arm vibrates, realizing the high-efficiency vibration effect of "one" with "four".
  • the number of vibration excitation devices such as expensive hydraulic vibration exciters used in the present invention can be halved, so the cost is significantly reduced, and the solution is effectively solved.
  • the present invention is further perfected as follows:
  • the hydraulic tamping device is symmetrical about two vertical planes perpendicular to each other, which is at least conducive to realizing a more compact structure with balanced force, and is convenient for manufacture and assembly.
  • the double-ended telescopic clamping oil cylinder and the vibration excitation device are arranged horizontally, and the axes of the two are parallel to each other and located in the same plane, which helps to reduce the radial vibration force received by the double-ended telescopic clamping oil cylinder;
  • the telescopic clamping cylinder is in a more reasonable stress state, which effectively prolongs the service life of the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder and reduces the probability of failures such as oil leakage and telescopic sticking of the clamping cylinder. And it can further ensure that the tamping device is in a more stable state during operation, so as to reduce the impact on the stability of the tamping vehicle and its detection accuracy.
  • the upper moment arm of the outer tamping arm of the pair of tamping arms is equal to the upper moment arm of the inner tamping arm, and the lower moment arm of the outer tamping arm is equal to the lower moment arm of the inner tamping arm.
  • the advantage is that the tamping pick fixedly connected with the inner and outer tamping arms produces basically the same clamping force, which is beneficial to offset the reaction force of the ballast bed at the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder, reducing the impact on the vibration excitation device (such as hydraulic vibration cylinder). ) load, which is conducive to reducing the technical requirements for the vibration device (such as hydraulic vibration cylinder), and further promotes the cost reduction.
  • the tamping frame is composed of a frame structure consisting of an upper beam and a lower beam fixed to each other through the side longitudinal columns on both sides and the middle longitudinal column, and the horizontal support beams respectively fixed on both sides of the lower beam through several ribs , the horizontal support beams and lower beams on both sides and the plurality of ribs are configured to accommodate the space for the single-side rail.
  • the upper beam and the lower beam of the tamping frame are arranged approximately parallel to the axis of the hydraulic vibration cylinder.
  • Such a frame structure is not only simple and compact, but also has enough space to accommodate the single-side rail, and has sufficient strength to better undertake the functions of installing vibration excitation devices and double-ended telescopic clamping cylinders and withstand various tamping operations. a reactionary force.
  • Each horizontal support beam is respectively provided with four hinged holes for installing tamping arms; the middle longitudinal column has two mounting holes for hinged vibration excitation devices.
  • the vibration excitation device is a hydraulic vibration excitation oil cylinder or an electromagnetic vibration exciter.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the working state of the embodiment of Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tamping frame of the embodiment in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder assembly of the embodiment in Fig. 1 (the dotted line in the figure is the hydraulic vibration cylinder).
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of the embodiment in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure for motion analysis of the embodiment in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the structure of the embodiment in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the H-H sectional structure in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting plate of the embodiment in FIG. 1 .
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder of the embodiment in Fig. 1 .
  • This embodiment is a double-pillow hydraulic vibration tamping device, its basic structure is shown in Figure 1 (see Figure 2), the hydraulic vibration tamping device X mainly consists of a liftable tamping frame 7, symmetrical The two hydraulic vibration cylinders 6 hinged in the middle of the tamping frame 7, the two connecting plates 5 hinged to the piston rod ends of the two hydraulic vibration cylinders 6 respectively, and the four double cylinders fixedly connected to the two connecting plates respectively End telescopic clamping oil cylinder 4, respectively hinged on tamping frame 7 both sides, and the upper end forms with four pairs of tamping arms hinged with corresponding double-end telescopic clamping oil cylinder respectively.
  • the device can move up and down along the vertically arranged guide column 9 installed on the car body frame 10, and can perform tamping operations on the area near the one-side rail 2 on the two sleepers 1.
  • the hydraulic vibration cylinder 6 is an oil cylinder in which the piston rod under the control of the servo valve can perform high-frequency expansion and contraction.
  • tamping machine frame 7 is by the side vertical column 7-5 of both sides and the frame structure that the upper beam 7-1 of middle part vertical column 7-4 interconnects, and lower beam 7-2 constitutes frame structure, and It is composed of horizontal support beams 7-3 connected to both sides of the lower beam 7-2 through several ribs 7-6.
  • Each horizontal support beam 7-3 has four hinged holes 7-3-1 for installing the tamping arm 3; Hole 7-4-1.
  • the two double-ended telescopic clamping cylinders 4 are rigidly connected to the connecting hole 5 - 1 of the connecting plate 5 through the connecting hole 4 - 2 through the hinged hole bolt 11 to form a double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder assembly 12 .
  • the connecting hole 5-2 of the connecting plate 5 is hinged to the piston rod hole 6-1 of the hydraulic vibration cylinder 6.
  • the afterbody connection hole 6-2 of the hydraulic excitation oil cylinder 6 is hinged with the mounting hole 7-4-1 of the vertical column 7-4 in the middle part of the tamping frame 7.
  • the piston rod end mounting hole 4-1 of the double-ended telescopic clamping oil cylinder 4 is hinged with the upper end mounting hole 3-1 of the tamping arm 3; the middle mounting hole 3-2 of the tamping arm 3 is connected with the horizontal support
  • the hinged hole 7-3-1 of the beam 7-3 is hinged (pin shafts used for hinge are not shown among the figures).
  • the tamping frame 7, the hydraulic excitation cylinder 6, the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder assembly 12 and the tamping arm 3 form a set of linkage mechanism, when the piston rod of the hydraulic excitation cylinder 6 moves along the C direction
  • the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder assembly 12 is driven to produce side-to-side shaking mainly in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the tamping arm 3 to produce a swinging motion, and the result is a tamping pick rigidly connected to the tamping arm 3 3-1 Slight swinging vibration of the end along the D direction;
  • the tamping arm 3 connected to it is pushed to generate a winding around the installation hole 3-2 Rotation, thereby forming the clamping action of the tamper pick 3-1 along the B direction.
  • the overall structural arrangement of the hydraulic tamping device X is symmetrical about the symmetrical planes 13 and 14 in two vertical directions, and the piston rods of the hydraulic vibration cylinders 6 on both sides move synchronously and in opposite directions, so that The vibration forces on both sides can be canceled out.
  • the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder 4 and the hydraulic excitation cylinder 6 are arranged horizontally, and the axes of the two are parallel to each other, preferably in the same plane, which can reduce the radial load on the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder 4 .
  • the upper moment arm L1 of the outer tamping arm 3 and the upper moment arm L2 of the inner tamping arm 3 are substantially equal, and the lower moment arm L3 of the outer tamping arm 3 and the lower part of the inner tamping arm 3
  • the force arms L4 are basically equal, so that the reaction force received by the tamping arm 3 can be fully offset by the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder 4 when the ballast is clamped, reducing the impact on the hydraulic vibration cylinder 6 .
  • the tamping arm 3 located on the outer side may also be referred to as "outer tamping arm” for short, and the tamping arm 3 located on the inner side may also be referred to as "inner tamping arm” for short.
  • the specific structure of the connecting plate 5 in this embodiment is shown in Figure 9, including the bottom plate and the double ear plate protruding upwards in the middle of the bottom plate, and the double ear plate is provided with a middle connection hole 5-2 for connecting with the piston of the hydraulic vibration cylinder 6.
  • the rod hole 6-1 is hinged, and a total of four connecting holes 5-1 arranged symmetrically on both sides of the bottom plate are used for rigid connection with the connecting hole 4-2 of the double-ended telescopic clamping oil cylinder 4.
  • the cross-sectional structure of the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder 4 is shown in Figure 10.
  • It has an integrated double-chamber cylinder 4-2, the left and right chambers are independent of each other, and the movements of the piston rods 4-3 at both ends do not interfere with each other. .
  • it can also be formed by rigidly connecting two clamping cylinders.
  • an integrated double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder (or two cylinders are rigidly connected) is used as the clamping mechanism to drive the paired tamping arms to open and close. Not only is the structure compact, but also the force balance and clamping Good neutrality;
  • This embodiment provides a new tamping structure with centralized vibration drive and reasonably dispersed clamping drive based on the rational configuration of connecting the vibration excitation device in the middle of the connecting plate and connecting double-ended telescopic clamping cylinders on both sides of the connecting plate.
  • Each set of clamping mechanism (including double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder and tamping arm) is connected with the hydraulic exciter on the tamping frame through the connecting plate, and each hydraulic exciter can drive 4 tamping arms at the same time.
  • Vibration achieves "one" with “four” high-efficiency vibration effects, and can halve the number of expensive hydraulic vibration exciters, thereby greatly reducing equipment manufacturing costs and effectively solving the problem of high cost and difficult promotion of hydraulic vibration excitation and tamping devices
  • the paired tamping arms are independently driven by the piston rods at both ends of the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder, it can ensure that each tamping position can achieve a uniform compaction effect.
  • this embodiment can not only achieve a more efficient excitation transmission effect, but also achieve a more uniform compaction effect, and the connection structure between the connecting plate, the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder and the hydraulic excitation is simple, which is convenient for modular assembly , which is conducive to mass production.
  • the axis of the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder is arranged horizontally, and when it is parallel to the axis of the hydraulic exciter and on the same horizontal plane, it helps to reduce the radial vibration force on the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder; ensure The double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder is in a more reasonable stress state, which effectively prolongs the service life of the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder and reduces the probability of failures such as oil leakage and telescopic sticking of the clamping cylinder.
  • the clamping force arm of the tamping arm located on the outside is equal to the clamping force arm of the tamping arm located on the inside, so the tamping picks on the tamping arms located on the inside and outside produce the same clamping force. It is beneficial to counteract the reaction force of the ballast bed at the double-ended telescopic clamping cylinder, reducing the load of the hydraulic exciter, thereby reducing the technical requirements for the hydraulic exciter and further reducing the cost;
  • the mounting holes for the guide columns on the two side longitudinal columns on the frame and the mounting holes for installing the lifting cylinder on the upper beam ensure that the tamping device on the entire frame can be lifted and lowered smoothly under the drive of the lifting cylinder action.
  • a tamping device with compact structure, balanced force and low cost can be provided.
  • the vibration excitation and clamping drive mechanism composed of the double-ended telescopic clamping oil cylinder and the hydraulic exciter on the machine significantly reduces the number of hydraulic vibration excitation cylinders and greatly reduces the manufacturing cost, which is conducive to mass production and popularization and application.
  • the present invention can also have other implementations.
  • the tamping arm (3) can form a single-pillow hydraulic excitation tamping unit; for another example, the hydraulic excitation cylinder (6) can be replaced by an electromagnetic exciter; and the like. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种激振捣固装置，属于轨道交通技术领域。该装置包括可升降的捣固机架、铰装在捣固机架中部的液压激振油缸、与液压激振油缸活塞杆端铰接的至少一个连接板、分别固连于连接板两侧的双端伸缩夹持油缸、分别铰装在捣固机架两侧且上端分别与相应双端伸缩夹持油缸铰接的成对捣固臂。本发明实现了成对捣镐上端受力大小相等、方向相反而受力均衡、动作具有对称性，可以保证对中夹实，并且结构十分紧凑。此外，由于将激振驱动集中与夹持驱动合理分离设置，激振器件的数量减半，因此成本显著降低，而且沿轨枕长度方向的两组捣镐因安装在不同的捣固臂上，因此当对应位置的两处道砟密实度不一时，可以实现均匀的密实夹实。

Description

一种激振捣固装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种捣固装置，尤其是一种激振捣固装置，属于轨道交通技术领域。
背景技术
捣固设备是轨道交通领域中用于在铁路养护过程中进行捣固作业——即将道砟碎石聚拢压实在轨道下的关键设备，其典型结构为公开号CN106414849A、申请号201580024294.4的中国专利文献所披露，F)，其具有相对于捣固设备机架沿导引件能够调节高度地导引的支承件，构造为摆动杆的捣固工具对可摆动地支承在所述支承体上，所述捣固工具对的用于沉入碎石道床的确定的捣固工具能够利用振动驱动装置方向相反地被驱动并且能够液压式地进给，其中，为捣固工具对的每个捣固工具配设进给驱动装置，其中，多个捣固工具组成捣固单元，在捣固单元之间空出用于围绕钢轨的空档并且捣固单元相互机械式连接，并且为每个摆动杆配设捣固单元和进给驱动装置，并且导引件布置在摆动杆的工作区域之外，其特征在于，所述导引件直接作用在相应的支承件上并且在捣固设备机架的静止不动的导引件中运动。
该技术方案提出了一种液压激振的双枕捣固装置，通过4个液压激振油缸驱动4个镐臂进行振动和夹持动作，从而实现2根轨枕上单侧钢轨附近的捣固作业。该方案存在以下缺点：1)需要四个液压激振油缸，成本高昂；2)成对捣臂分别由其上端非同一直线延伸的液压缸驱动，受力均衡性欠佳，不利于保证对中夹实；3)轨枕长度方向的两组捣镐因安装在同一个镐臂上而只能同步夹实，当对应位置的两处道砟密实度不一时，难以实现均匀的密实夹实。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：针对上述现有技术存在的缺点，通过结构改进，提出一种结构紧凑、受力均衡并且成本经济的激振捣固装置，实现更好的密实效果。
为了达到以上目的，本发明激振捣固装置的基本技术方案为：包括可升降的捣固机架；
至少一个激振器件，铰装在捣固机架中部；
至少一个连接板，与激振器件铰接；
至少两个双端伸缩夹持油缸，其缸体分别固连于连接板两侧；
至少两套成对捣固臂，分别铰装在捣固机架两侧、且上端分别与相应的双端伸缩夹持油缸的活塞端铰接。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用了“激振驱动集中、夹持驱动分散”的合理设置方案，通过将成对捣固臂的上端分别与双端伸缩夹持油缸的两个活塞杆伸出端铰接，不仅实现了成对捣镐上端受力大小相等、方向相反而受力均衡、动作具有对称性，可以保证对中夹实，并且结构十分紧凑；其次，由于本发明采用了在连接板的两侧固定连接相互平行的双端伸缩夹持油缸、且其内端连接激振器件的合理布置，每个激振器件(如液压激振器或电磁激振器)可同时驱动4个捣固臂发生振动，实现了“一”带“四”的高效激振效果，这样，本发明使用激振器件(如昂贵的液压激振器)的数量可以减半，因此成本显著降低，有效解决了液压激振捣固装置成本高、难以推广应用的难题；并且成对捣固臂由双端伸缩夹持油缸的两端活塞杆分别进行单独驱动，而沿轨枕长度方向的两组捣镐安装在不同的捣固臂上，当对应位置的两处道砟密实度不一时，每组捣镐可以移动不同的距离，从而能够确保各捣固位置能达到均匀的密实效果。并且，因为本发明采用的连接板可以实现双端伸缩夹持油缸和激振器件的模块化集成连接，对批量化生产和组装特别有利。
本发明进一步的完善如下：
含有对称铰装在捣固机架中部的两个激振器件和两个连接板、四个伸缩夹持油缸、四对捣固臂；所述两个连接板的内端分别与对应的激振器件的活塞杆端铰接；所述四个伸缩夹持油缸的缸体分别固连于对应的连接板的两侧；所述四对捣固臂分别铰装在捣固机架两侧、且上端分别与相应的双端伸缩夹持油缸的活塞端铰接。进一步体现出捣固装置的结构紧凑和受力均衡的优点，可以同时进行两根轨枕的捣固作业。
所述液压捣固装置关于相互垂直的两个铅垂面对称，至少有利于实现更加紧凑、受力均衡的结构，方便制造和组装。
所述双端伸缩夹持油缸和激振器件呈水平安置，且二者的轴线相互平行、位于同一平面内，有助于减小双端伸缩夹持油缸受到的径向振动力；确保双端伸缩夹持油缸处于更合理的受力状态，有效延长双端伸缩夹持油缸的使用寿命，减少夹持油缸出现漏油、伸缩卡滞等故障的概率。且能够进一步保证捣固装置在作业时处于更稳定的状态，以减少对捣固车稳定性及其检测精度的影 响。
所述成对捣固臂的外侧捣固臂上部力臂和内侧捣固臂上部力臂相等，且外侧捣固臂的下部力臂和内侧捣固臂的下部力臂相等。好处是使与内外侧的捣固臂固定连接的捣镐产生基本相同的夹持力，有利于道床的反作用力在双端伸缩夹持油缸处抵消，减轻对激振器件(如液压激振油缸)的负载，从而有利于降低对激振器件(如液压激振油缸)的技术要求，进一步促进成本的下降。
所述捣固机架由通过两侧的侧纵柱和中部纵柱相互固连的上横梁、下横梁所构成的框架结构，以及通过若干筋板分别固连于下横梁两旁的水平支撑梁构成，所述两旁的水平支撑梁和下横梁以及所述若干筋板构造成用于容纳单侧钢轨的空间。所述捣固机架的上横梁、下横梁与液压激振油缸的轴线大致平行设置。这样的机架结构，既简单紧凑，具备容置单侧钢轨的空间，又具有足够强度，能较好地承担安装激振器件及双端伸缩夹持油缸的功能以及承受捣固作业时的各种反作用力。
每个水平支撑梁分别设有四个安装捣固臂的铰装孔；所述中部纵柱上具有两个用于铰装激振器件的安装孔。
所述激振器件为液压激振油缸或电磁激振器。
附图说明
以下结合附图给出的实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1是本发明一个实施例的立体结构示意图。
图2是图1实施例的工作状态立体结构示意图。
图3是图1实施例的捣固机架立体结构示意图。
图4是图1实施例的双端伸缩夹持油缸组件立体分解结构示意图(图中虚线为液压激振油缸)。
图5是图1实施例的部分结构立体分解结构示意图。
图6是图1实施例的运动分析立体结构示意图。
图7是图1实施例的平面投影结构示意图。
图8是图7的H-H剖视结构示意图。
图9是图1实施例的连接板立体结构示意图。
图10是图1实施例的双端伸缩夹持油缸的剖面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一
本实施例是一种双枕液压激振捣固装置，其基本结构如图1(参见图2)所示，该液压激振捣固装置X主要由一个可升降的捣固机架7、对称铰装在捣固机架7中部的两个液压激振油缸6、分别与两个液压激振油缸6活塞杆端铰接的两个连接板5、分别固连于两个连接板的四个双端伸缩夹持油缸4、分别铰装在捣固机架7两侧、且上端分别与相应双端伸缩夹持油缸铰接的四对捣固臂组成。在升降油缸8的驱动下，该装置可沿安装在车体框架10上的竖直布置的导向柱9升降动作，可以对2根轨枕1上的单侧钢轨2附近的区域进行捣固作业。液压激振油缸6是一种在伺服阀控制下的活塞杆可以进行高频伸缩的油缸。
如图3所示，捣固机架7由通过两侧的侧纵柱7-5和中部纵柱7-4相互连接的上横梁7-1、下横梁7-2所构成的框架结构，以及通过若干筋板7-6分别连接于下横梁7-2两旁的水平支撑梁7-3构成。在捣固机架7两侧具有竖直贯通上横梁7-1、下横梁7-2及侧纵柱7-5的导向柱9的安装孔7-7，用于套装导向柱9并与其滑动配合；上横梁7-1的中部具有安装升降油缸8的安装孔7-1-1。每个水平支撑梁7-3分别具有4个用于安装捣固臂3的铰装孔7-3-1；中部纵柱7-4上具有两个用于铰装液压激振油缸6的安装孔7-4-1。
如图4所示，两个双端伸缩夹持油缸4通过连接孔4-2与连接板5的连接孔5-1通过铰制孔螺栓11刚性连接成一个双端伸缩夹持油缸组件12。如图3、图4所示，连接板5的连接孔5-2与液压激振油缸6的活塞杆孔6-1铰接。液压激振油缸6的尾部连接孔6-2与捣固机架7中部纵柱7-4的安装孔7-4-1铰接。
如图5所示，双端伸缩夹持油缸4的活塞杆端安装孔4-1与捣固臂3的上端安装孔3-1铰接；捣固臂3的中部安装孔3-2与水平支撑梁7-3的铰装孔7-3-1铰接(图中铰接用的销轴未示出)。
如图6所示，捣固机架7、液压激振油缸6、双端伸缩夹持油缸组件12与捣固臂3组成一套连杆机构，当液压激振油缸6的活塞杆沿C方向短行程高频伸缩运动时，带动双端伸缩夹持油缸组件12产生水平方向为主的左右晃动，从而带动捣固臂3产生摇摆运动，结果表现为刚性连接在捣固臂3上的捣镐3-1末端的沿D方向的微幅摇摆振动；当双端伸缩夹持油缸4的两端活塞杆沿A方向伸出时，推动与之连接的捣固臂3产生绕安装孔3-2的转动，从而形成捣镐3-1沿B方向的夹持动作。
如图7所示，该液压捣固装置X的总体结构布置关于垂向的两个方向的对称面13和14对称，两侧的液压激振油缸6的活塞杆的运动同步且方向相反，这样可以使两边的振动力相互抵消。双端伸缩夹持油缸4和液压激振油缸6呈水平布置，且二者的轴线相互平行、在同一平面内为最佳，可以减小双端伸缩夹持油缸4所受到的径向负载。位于外侧的捣固臂3的上部力臂L1和位于内侧的捣固臂3的上部力臂L2基本相等，位于外侧的捣固臂3的下部力臂L3和位于内侧的捣固臂3的下部力臂L4基本相等，这样夹实道砟时捣固臂3所受到的反作用力在双端伸缩夹持油缸4可以充分的抵消，减小对液压激振油缸6的影响。位于外侧的捣固臂3，也可简称为“外侧捣固臂”，位于内侧的捣固臂3，也可简称为“内侧捣固臂”。
本实施例连接板5的具体结构如图9所示，包括底板和底板中部向上凸出的双耳板，双耳板设置有中部连接孔5-2，用于与液压激振油缸6的活塞杆孔6-1铰接，底板的两侧对称布置的共四个连接孔5-1用以与双端伸缩夹持油缸4的连接孔4-2进行刚性连接。双端伸缩夹持油缸4的剖面结构如图10所示，具有一体双腔的缸体4-2，左、右腔体相互独立，两端活塞杆4-3相互之间的动作互不干扰。除此之外，也可以由两个夹持油缸刚性连接而成。
试验表明，本实施例具有如下优点：
(1)本实施例采用了一体化的双端伸缩夹持油缸(或两油缸刚性连接)作为夹持机构，驱动成对捣固臂张合，不仅结构紧凑，而且受力平衡性和夹实对中性俱佳；
(2)本实施例基于连接板中部连接激振器件以及连接板两侧分别连接双端伸缩夹持油缸的合理配置，提供了一种振动驱动集中、夹持驱动合理分散的捣固新结构。每套夹持机构(包括双端伸缩夹持油缸和捣固臂)均通过连接板与捣固机架上的液压激振器相连，每个液压激振器可同时驱动4个捣固臂发生振动，实现了“一”带“四”高效激振效果，并且可以使昂贵的液压激振器的数量减半，从而大大降低设备制造成本，有效解决液压激振捣固装置成本高、难以推广应用的难题；另一方面，由于成对捣固臂由双端伸缩夹持油缸的两端活塞杆进行单独驱动，从而能够确保各捣固位置均能达到均匀的密实效果。
因此，本实施例不仅能够实现更高效的激振传递效果，而且能够实现更均匀的密实效果，并且连接板和双端伸缩夹持油缸及液压激振之间的连接结构简单，便于模块化组装，有利于批量化生产。
(3)双端伸缩夹持油缸的轴线呈水平布置，且与液压激振器的轴线相互 平行、处于同一水平面时，有助于减小双端伸缩夹持油缸受到的径向振动力；确保双端伸缩夹持油缸处于更合理的受力状态，有效延长双端伸缩夹持油缸的使用寿命，减少夹持油缸出现漏油、伸缩卡滞等故障的概率。
(4)位于外侧的捣固臂的夹持力臂与位于内侧的捣固臂的夹持力臂相等，因此使位于内、外侧的捣固臂上的捣镐产生相同的夹持力，有利于道床的反作用力在双端伸缩夹持油缸处抵消，减轻液压激振器的负载，从而降低对液压激振器的技术要求，进一步降低成本；
(5)机架上的两个侧纵柱上设置的导向柱安装孔以及上横梁上设置的安装提升油缸的安装孔，保证了整个机架所载捣固装置在提升油缸的驱动下顺利升降动作。
总之，采用本实施例，可以提供一种结构紧凑、受力均衡且成本经济的捣固装置，一方面可以保证各捣固位置的道砟达到均匀的密实程度；另一方面，因基于连接板上的双端伸缩夹持油缸及液压激振器所构成的激振和夹持驱动机构，显著减少了液压激振油缸的数量而大大降低制造成本，有利于大批量制造和推广应用。
除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式。例如，只有上述捣固机架(7)左侧一半，再加上1个液压激振油缸(6)，2个双端伸缩夹持油缸(4)、1个连接板(5)以及4个捣固臂(3)，可组成一个单枕的液压激振捣固单元；再如，液压激振油缸(6)可以使用电磁激振器代替；等等。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种激振捣固装置，包括可升降的捣固机架，其特征在于：
    至少一个激振器件，其内端铰装在捣固机架中部；
    至少一个连接板，与激振器件的外端铰接；
    至少两个双端伸缩夹持油缸，其缸体分别固连于连接板两侧；
    至少两套成对捣固臂，分别铰装在捣固机架两侧，且上端分别与相应的双端伸缩夹持油缸的活塞端铰接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的激振捣固装置，其特征在于：含有对称铰装在捣固机架中部的两个激振器件和两个连接板、四个双端伸缩夹持油缸、四对捣固臂；所述两个连接板的内端分别与对应的激振器件的活塞杆端铰接；所述四个双端伸缩夹持油缸的缸体分别固连于对应的连接板的两侧；所述四对捣固臂分别铰装在捣固机架两侧、且上端分别与相应的双端伸缩夹持油缸的活塞端铰接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的激振捣固装置，其特征在于：所述液压捣固装置关于相互垂直的两个铅垂面对称。
  4. 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的激振捣固装置，其特征在于：所述双端伸缩夹持油缸和激振器件呈水平安置，且二者的轴线相互平行、位于同一平面内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的激振捣固装置，其特征在于：所述成对捣固臂的外侧捣固臂上部力臂和内侧捣固臂上部力臂相等，且外侧捣固臂的下部力臂和内侧捣固臂的下部力臂相等。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的激振捣固装置，其特征在于：所述捣固机架由通过两侧的侧纵柱和中部纵柱相互固连的上横梁、下横梁，以及通过若干筋板分别固连于下横梁两旁的水平支撑梁构成。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的激振捣固装置，其特征在于：所述捣固机架两侧具有竖直贯通上横梁、下横梁及侧纵柱的导向柱安装孔；所述上横梁中部具有安装升降油缸活塞杆的安装孔。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的激振捣固装置，其特征在于：所述捣固机架的上横梁、下横梁与液压激振油缸的轴线大致平行设置。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的激振捣固装置，其特征在于：每个水平支撑梁分别设有四个安装捣固臂的铰装孔；所述中部纵柱上具有 两个用于铰装液压激振油缸的安装孔。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的激振捣固装置，其特征在于：所述激振器件为液压激振油缸或电磁激振器。
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