WO2023005023A1 - 一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023005023A1
WO2023005023A1 PCT/CN2021/126819 CN2021126819W WO2023005023A1 WO 2023005023 A1 WO2023005023 A1 WO 2023005023A1 CN 2021126819 W CN2021126819 W CN 2021126819W WO 2023005023 A1 WO2023005023 A1 WO 2023005023A1
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Prior art keywords
gypsum
zeolite
retarder
gypsum board
board
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PCT/CN2021/126819
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
尹东杰
谭丹君
王莹
何亮
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北新集团建材股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023005023A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023005023A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • C04B2111/0062—Gypsum-paper board like materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • This article relates to but not limited to a gypsum building material, in particular to but not limited to a paper-faced gypsum board with a humidity control function and a preparation method thereof.
  • Paper-faced gypsum board has the advantages of light weight, fire prevention, sound insulation, thermal insulation, good decorative performance (planing, nailing, and sawing), convenient processing, green environmental protection, and space saving, so it is widely used in various industrial buildings, In the field of civil building decoration and construction, especially in high-rise buildings, it can be used as interior wall materials and decoration materials.
  • Humidity-regulating materials refer to materials that automatically adjust the relative humidity of the air by sensing changes in the temperature and humidity of the air in the conditioned space by relying on their own moisture absorption and desorption properties without resorting to any artificial energy and mechanical equipment.
  • Gypsum board as a bulk building material, is widely used in interior decoration. The development of gypsum board with humidity control ability is of great significance for improving the comfort of people living in a hot and humid environment, improving the preservation quality of items, and reducing the energy consumption of intermittent air conditioners.
  • the application provides a humidity-adjusting paper-faced gypsum board and a preparation method thereof.
  • the paper-faced gypsum board is prepared from desulfurized gypsum, and can regulate indoor environment humidity fluctuations.
  • the application provides a gypsum board with paper surface, which includes a board core and a protective paper, the board core is divided into a first area and a second area, the first area contains zeolite and ceramsite, and the second area contains The zeolite does not contain ceramsite; the second region is in contact with either or both of the upper and lower face papers.
  • the first area is only in contact with the upper protective paper, or is not in contact with the upper protective paper or the lower protective paper.
  • the first area includes: dihydrate gypsum, zeolite, and ceramsite formed by hydration of gypsum clinker;
  • the second area includes: dihydrate gypsum formed by hydration of gypsum clinker, zeolite and binder, and the second area does not include ceramsite;
  • the first region further includes binder, glass fiber, retarder and foaming agent
  • the second region further includes glass fiber, a retarder and a foaming agent
  • the weight ratio of agent and described whipping agent is: 100:(3 to 5):(1 to 5):(0.2 to 1):(0 to 0.2):(0 to 1):(0 to 0.5);
  • the weight of the gypsum clinker, the ceramsite, the zeolite, the binder, the glass fiber, the retarder and the foaming agent The ratio is 100:(3 to 5):(1 to 5):(0.2 to 1):(0.05 to 0.2):(0.2 to 1):(0.1 to 0.5).
  • the weight ratio of the gypsum clinker to water may be 100:(55 to 70).
  • the desulfurization gypsum is flue gas desulfurization gypsum with a chloride ion content ⁇ 400 mg/kg.
  • the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum clinker is 3500cm 2 /g to 4000cm 2 /g.
  • the weight ratio of the gypsum clinker in the first zone and the second zone is (10 to 25): (75 to 90);
  • the weight ratio of the zeolite in the first zone and the second zone is (10 to 25):(75 to 90);
  • the weight ratio of the binder in the first region and the second region is (15 to 25): (75 to 85);
  • the weight ratio of the glass fibers in the first region and the second region is (15 to 25): (75 to 85);
  • the weight ratio of the retarder in the first zone and the second zone is (10 to 25): (75 to 90);
  • the weight ratio of the blowing agent in the first zone and the second zone is (10 to 20): (75 to 90);
  • the particle size of the ceramsite is 0.5 mm to 2 mm;
  • the cylinder compressive strength of the ceramsite is 2.5MPa to 4MPa, and the bulk density of the ceramsite is 400kg ⁇ m -3 to 600kg ⁇ m -3 ;
  • the ceramsite is It is a conventional artificial lightweight aggregate made from industrial waste slag, low-quality shale, etc., mixed with a small amount of binder and additives, mixed into balls, and sintered at high temperature.
  • the particle size of the zeolite ranges from 200 to 500 mesh.
  • the glass fiber has a length of 9 to 15 mm and a single filament diameter of 10 to 15 ⁇ m;
  • the glass fiber is selected from any one or more of non-alkali glass fiber, medium-alkali glass fiber and alkali-resistant glass fiber.
  • the retarder is selected from citric acid, sodium citrate, sodium hexametaphosphate, borax, protein retarder;
  • the protein retarder includes a bone glue protein retarder
  • the bone glue protein retarder is a proteinaceous gypsum retarder formed by degrading polyamide through calcium salification agent.
  • the foaming agent is selected from any one of sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium ⁇ -alkenyl sulfonate, and hydrogen peroxide or more;
  • the binder is modified starch; the gelatinization temperature of the modified starch may be 50 to 70°C.
  • the application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gypsum board, comprising the steps of:
  • the gypsum slurry in the second area is overlapped with part or all of the upper face paper or the lower face paper and bonded firmly, and the remaining part of the gypsum board is the first slurry to obtain a paper surface Gypsum board wet board;
  • the zeolite in step 1) is also washed with deionized water, and calcined at 200°C to 500°C for 1h to 3h, and then 0.5mol/L to 2mol/L inorganic salt Flush the zeolite with an aqueous solution, and the volume of the inorganic salt solution is not less than 10 times the volume of the zeolite; then wash the zeolite with deionized water, and then vacuum-dry it to constant weight, and the temperature of the vacuum drying is 40°C to 60°C °C.
  • the above-mentioned gypsum board can also be prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps:
  • the gypsum slurry in the second area is overlapped with part or all of the upper face paper or the lower face paper and firmly formed, and the remaining part of the gypsum board is the first slurry to obtain a paper surface Gypsum board wet board;
  • the desulfurized gypsum clinker used is made of desulfurized gypsum, a solid waste generated from flue gas desulfurization in power plants;
  • the zeolite is produced by SDIC Shengshi Co., Ltd., with a particle size of 325 mesh;
  • the glass fiber is purchased from Hebei Beijing Hang Mine Product Co., Ltd., the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber, the average length is 10mm, and the average single-filament diameter is 12 ⁇ m;
  • the ceramsite is purchased from Tongshang Lightweight Building Materials Factory, Wuqing District, Tianjin, and the average particle size of the ceramsite is 1.0 mm, the cylinder compressive strength is 3MPa, and the bulk density is 500kg/m 3 .
  • the foaming agent was purchased from Jinan Yihao Chemical Co., Ltd., and the foaming agent was sodium lauryl sulfate; the modified starch was purchased from Jinan Yuantong Chemical Co., Ltd., and the gelatinization temperature of the modified starch was 60°C.
  • the viscosity of the starch is 3500mPa ⁇ s.
  • the test method in the Chinese chemical industry standard HG/T 3932-2007 was adopted, the sample concentration was 5%, the temperature was 25°C, the rotor number was 3, and the rotation speed was 6r/min.
  • the retarder is a proteinaceous gypsum retarder obtained by degrading polyamide through calcium salification, purchased from Shanghai Qinhe Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Step 1 Pretreat zeolite and activate it.
  • the method is as follows: wash zeolite three times with deionized water to remove soluble inorganic matter on the surface of zeolite; roast at 300°C for 2 hours in a horse-boiling furnace to remove organic matter and cool to room temperature; prepare 1mol/L Flush the zeolite with NaCl solution, and the volume of the NaCl solution used is not less than 10 times the volume of the zeolite; the zeolite is washed three times with deionized water, and dried in vacuum at 45°C until it reaches a constant weight.
  • Step 2 Weigh the raw materials of the gypsum board: 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum clinker, 3 parts by weight of ceramsite, 1.5 parts by weight of zeolite, 57 parts by weight of water, 0.06 parts by weight of glass fiber, and 0.3 parts by weight of retarder , 0.15 parts by weight of foaming agent, and 0.25 parts by weight of starch.
  • Step 3 mix 20wt.% desulfurized gypsum clinker, 20wt.% glass fiber and 20wt.% zeolite with all the ceramsite (that is, part A material is mixed with ceramsite to form B material); add 20wt.% Water, 20wt.% retarder, 20wt.% foaming agent, 20wt.% starch (Part C material) are stirred evenly to form the first zone.
  • Step 4 mix 80wt.% of gypsum clinker, 80wt.% of glass fiber, and 80wt.% of zeolite (remaining A material), add 80wt.% of water, 80wt.% of retarder, 80wt.% % of foaming agent and 80wt.% of starch were stirred evenly (that is, part C material), and were used to form the second region.
  • Step 5 pouring the second area first as the lower layer of the gypsum board, and then pouring the first area as the upper layer of the gypsum board.
  • Step 6 Driven by the traction force of the solidification belt, the slurry is extruded by the forming knife, so that the lower protective paper is folded into a right angle along the trace of its roll out, and then the lower protective paper and the slurry are squeezed together by the forming board.
  • the upper protective paper is overlapped and glued firmly to form a wet board, and then the wet board is drawn out under the traction of the solidification belt to complete the forming.
  • Step 7 The wet plate is solidified on the conveyor belt, and after being cut off, it enters the dryer and goes through three drying stages of 180°C, 110°C, and 45°C.
  • Step 8 The dried boards are combined, edge-sawed, edge-banded, and packaged to form a gypsum board.
  • the raw materials of the gypsum board include the following components: 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum clinker, 4 parts by weight of ceramsite, 3 parts by weight of zeolite, 60 parts by weight of water, 0.09 parts by weight of glass fiber, 0.5 parts by weight of retarder, Foaming agent 0.3 weight part, starch 0.5 weight part.
  • the raw materials of the gypsum board include the following components: 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum clinker, 5 parts by weight of ceramsite, 5 parts by weight of zeolite, 67 parts by weight of water, 0.18 parts by weight of glass fiber, 0.8 parts by weight of retarder, Foaming agent 0.4 weight part, starch 0.8 weight part.
  • step 2 weighing the raw materials of the gypsum board: 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum, 4.5 parts by weight of zeolite, 57 parts by weight of water, 0.06 parts by weight of glass fiber, retarded 0.3 parts by weight of agent, 0.15 parts by weight of foaming agent, and 0.25 parts by weight of starch.
  • step 2 weighing the raw materials of the gypsum board: 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum, 4.5 parts by weight of ceramsite, 57 parts by weight of water, 0.06 parts by weight of glass fiber, 0.3 parts by weight of coagulant, 0.15 parts by weight of foaming agent, and 0.25 parts by weight of starch.
  • step 2 step 3 and step 4.
  • Step 2 Weigh the raw materials of the gypsum board: 100 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum clinker, 6 parts by weight of ceramsite, 1.5 parts by weight of zeolite, 57 parts by weight of water, 0.06 parts by weight of glass fiber, and 0.3 parts by weight of retarder , 0.15 parts by weight of foaming agent, and 0.25 parts by weight of starch.
  • Step 3 mix 20wt.% desulfurized gypsum clinker, 20wt.% glass fiber and 20wt.% zeolite with 50wt.% ceramsite; add 20wt.% water, 20wt.% retarder, 20wt.% .% foaming agent and 20wt.% starch are stirred evenly to form the first region.
  • Step four mix 80wt.% gypsum clinker, 80wt.% glass fiber, 80wt.% zeolite, 50wt.% ceramsite, add 80wt.% water, 80wt.% retarder, 80wt.% .% foaming agent and 80wt.% starch are stirred evenly to form the second region.
  • the gypsum board prepared in the embodiment of the present application can meet the physical and mechanical properties required by the Chinese building materials industry standard in terms of performance.
  • the paper-faced gypsum board belongs to Class III building decoration materials (decorative materials and products with a thickness greater than 3mm).
  • the humidity control properties of the paper-faced gypsum boards of Examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples were tested, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the paper-faced gypsum boards of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are applied in indoor space, and the gypsum boards of Examples 1 to 3 can meet the requirements of the standard for Class III building decoration materials, while Comparative Examples 1 to 4 4 is not satisfied.
  • the indoor relative humidity fluctuates between 35% and 76% after using the humidity-adjusting boards of Examples 1 to 3, and the relative humidity of the indoor space of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 gypsum boards is between 13% and 100%.
  • the humidity control board can reduce the daily fluctuation and annual fluctuation of indoor relative humidity
  • the performance index testing in this application is based on Chinese national standards and industry standards.
  • the paper-faced gypsum boards produced by the formula and preparation process of the application all meet or exceed the requirements of Chinese national standards, and have the function of adjusting indoor humidity and optimizing the indoor air environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
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Abstract

一种纸面石膏板，包括板芯和护面纸，板芯分为第一区域和第二区域，第一区域包含沸石及陶粒，第二区域包含沸石不包含陶粒；第二区域与上护面纸和下护面纸中的任意一种或两种接触。该纸面石膏板可以调节降低室内环境温度的波动。

Description

一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法 技术领域
本文涉及但不限于一种石膏建材，尤其涉及但不限于一种具有调湿功能的纸面石膏板及其制备方法。
背景技术
纸面石膏板具有质轻、防火、隔音、保温隔热、装饰性能良好(可刨、可钉、可锯)、加工方便、绿色环保、节省空间等优点，因此广泛用于各种工业建筑、民用建筑装修施工领域，尤其是在高层建筑中可作为内墙材料和装饰装修材料。
调湿材料是指不需要借助任何人工能源和机械设备，依靠自身的吸放湿性能，感应所调空间空气温湿度的变化，自动调节空气相对湿度的材料。纸面石膏板作为一种大宗建筑材料，广泛应用于室内装饰装修中。研制具有调湿能力的纸面石膏板，对于改善居住在热湿环境中人的舒适性、提高物品的保存质量、降低间歇式空调的能耗，有重要意义。
发明概述
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本申请提供了一种调湿纸面石膏板及其制备方法，该纸面石膏板是由脱硫石膏制备而成，调节室内环境湿度波动。
本申请提供了一种纸面石膏板，包括板芯和护面纸，所述板芯分为第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域包含沸石及陶粒，所述第二区域包含沸石不包含陶粒；所述第二区域与上护面纸和下护面纸中的任意一种或两种接触。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述第一区域仅与上护面纸接触，或者不与上护面纸或下护面纸接触。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，
所述第一区域包括：石膏熟料水化形成的二水石膏、沸石、陶粒；
所述第二区域包括：石膏熟料水化形成的二水石膏、沸石和粘结剂，所述第二区域不包括陶粒；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述第一区域还包括粘结剂、玻璃纤维、缓凝剂和发泡剂；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述第二区域还包括玻璃纤维、缓凝剂和发泡剂；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述纸面石膏板整体中，所述石膏熟料、所述陶粒、所述沸石、所述粘结剂、所述玻璃纤维、所述缓凝剂和所述发泡剂的重量比为：100:(3至5):(1至5):(0.2至1):(0至0.2):(0至1):(0至0.5)；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述石膏熟料、所述陶粒、所述沸石、所述粘结剂、所述玻璃纤维、所述缓凝剂和所述发泡剂的重量比为100:(3至5):(1至5):(0.2至1):(0.05至0.2):(0.2至1):(0.1至0.5)。
所述石膏熟料与水的重量比可以为100:(55至70)。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述脱硫石膏是氯离子含量≤400mg/kg的烟气脱硫石膏。所述脱硫石膏熟料的比表面积为3500cm 2/g至4000cm 2/g。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的石膏熟料的重量比为(10至25):(75至90)；
所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的沸石的重量比为(10至25):(75至90)；
所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的粘结剂的重量比为(15至25):(75至85)；
所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的玻璃纤维的重量比为(15至25):(75至85)；
所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的缓凝剂的重量比为(10至25):(75至90)；
所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的发泡剂的重量比为(10至20):(75至90)；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述陶粒的粒径为0.5mm至2mm；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述陶粒的筒压强度为2.5MPa至4MPa，所述陶粒的堆积密度为400kg·m -3至600kg·m -3；所述陶粒是以工业废渣、劣质页岩等为原料，掺入少量粘结剂、添加剂，经混合成球、高温烧结等工艺制成的一种常规人造轻骨料。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述沸石的粒度范围为200至500目。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述玻璃纤维的长度为9至15mm，单丝直径为10至15μm；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述玻璃纤维选自无碱玻璃纤维、中碱玻璃纤维和抗碱玻璃纤维中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述缓凝剂选自柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、硼砂，蛋白质类缓凝剂；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述蛋白类缓凝剂包括骨胶蛋白质类缓凝剂，所述骨胶蛋白质类缓凝剂为降解聚酰胺经钙盐化而成的蛋白质类石膏缓凝剂。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述发泡剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、a-烯基磺酸钠、过氧化氢中的任意一种或更多种；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述粘结剂为改性淀粉；所述改性淀粉的糊化温度可以为50至70℃。
又一方面，本申请提供了上述的纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)称量所述石膏熟料、所述玻璃纤维和所述沸石，混合均匀，记为A料；
2)将一部分A料与所述陶粒混合均匀，记为B料；
3)将所述缓凝剂、所述发泡剂和所述粘结剂混合均匀，即为C料；
4)将余下的A料与一部分C料混合均匀后，即得所述第二区域的石膏料浆；
5)将余下的C料与所述B料混合均匀后，即得所述第一区域的石膏料浆；
6)将所述第二区域的石膏料浆与上护面纸或下护面纸中的部分或全部搭接粘牢成型，所述石膏板的余下部分为第一料浆，制得纸面石膏板湿板；
7)将所述纸面石膏板湿板干燥后即得所述纸面石膏板。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，步骤1)中所述沸石还经过去离子水洗涤，并在200℃至500℃下煅烧1h至3h，再使用0.5mol/L至2mol/L无机盐水溶液流动态冲洗沸石，所述无机盐水溶液的体积不小于沸石体积的10倍；再将所述沸石用去离子水洗涤后，真空干燥至恒重，所述真空干燥的温度为40℃至60℃。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，上述的纸面石膏板还可以通过包括如下步骤的制备方法进行制备：
1)将一部分所述石膏熟料、一部分所述玻璃纤维和一部分所述沸石与所述陶粒混合均匀，记为B料；
2)将所述缓凝剂、所述发泡剂和所述粘结剂混合均匀，即为C料；
3)将余下的石膏熟料、余下的所述玻璃纤维和余下的所述沸石与一部分C料混合均匀后，即得所述第二区域的石膏料浆；
4)将余下的C料与所述B料混合均匀后，即得所述第一区域的石膏料浆；
5)将所述第二区域的石膏料浆与上护面纸或下护面纸中的部分或全部搭接粘牢成型，所述石膏板的余下部分为第一料浆，制得纸面石膏板湿板；
6)将所述纸面石膏板湿板干燥后即得所述纸面石膏板。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的其他优点可通过在说明书中所描述的方案来发明实现和获得。
详述
下文对本申请的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
在下述实施例中，所使用的脱硫石膏熟料是由电厂烟气脱硫产生的固体废弃物脱硫石膏制成；沸石产自国投盛世有限公司，粒度为325目；玻璃纤 维购买自河北京杭矿产品有限公司，所述玻璃纤维为无碱玻璃纤维，平均长度为10mm，平均单丝直径为12μm；陶粒购买自天津市武清区彤上轻质建材厂，陶粒的平均粒径为1.0mm，筒压强度为3MPa，堆积密度为500kg/m 3。发泡剂购买自济南亿昊化工有限公司，所述发泡剂为十二烷基硫酸钠；改性淀粉购买自济南元通化工有限公司，所述改性淀粉的糊化温度为60℃，所述淀粉的粘度为3500mPa·s。采用中国化工行业标准HG/T 3932—2007中的测试方法，样品浓度为5％，温度为25℃，转子号为3，转速为6r/min。缓凝剂为降解聚酰胺经钙盐化而成的蛋白质类石膏缓凝剂，购买自上海钦和化工有限公司。
实施例1
制备纸面石膏板，步骤如下：
步骤一、预处理沸石，将其活化，其方法如下：沸石用去离子水洗涤三遍，去除沸石表面的可溶性无机物；马沸炉300℃焙烧2小时，除去有机物，冷却至室温；配制1mol/L的NaCl溶液，流动态冲洗沸石，所用NaCl溶液体积不小于沸石体积的10倍；沸石用去离子水洗涤3次，45℃真空干燥烘干至恒重。
步骤二、称量所述纸面石膏板的原料：脱硫石膏熟料100重量份、陶粒3重量份、沸石1.5重量份、水57重量份、玻璃纤维0.06重量份、缓凝剂0.3重量份、发泡剂0.15重量份、淀粉0.25重量份。
步骤三、将20wt.％的脱硫石膏熟料、20wt.％的玻璃纤维和20wt.％沸石与全部的陶粒混合均匀(即部分A料与陶粒混合形成B料)；加入20wt.％的水、20wt.％的缓凝剂、20wt.％的发泡剂、20wt.％的淀粉(即部分C料)搅拌均匀，用于组成第一区域。
步骤四、将80wt.％的石膏熟料、80wt.％的玻璃纤维、80wt.％的沸石混合均匀(剩余的A料)，加入80wt.％的水、80wt.％的缓凝剂、80wt.％的发泡剂、80wt.％的淀粉搅拌均匀(即部分C料)，用于组成第二区域。
步骤五、先浇筑第二区域作为石膏板的下层，再浇筑第一区域，为石膏板上层。
步骤六、料浆在凝固皮带牵引力的带动下经成型刀挤压，使下护面纸沿其辊出痕迹处折成直角后，下护面纸与料浆一起在成型板的挤压下与所述上护面纸搭接，并粘牢形成湿板，随后湿板在凝固皮带的牵引下被引出，完成成型。
步骤七、湿板在传送皮带上凝固，切断后，进入干燥机，经过180℃、110℃、45℃三个干燥阶段。
步骤八：干燥后的板材合片、锯边、封边、包装，形成纸面石膏板。
实施例2
制备纸面石膏板，步骤如下：
制备纸面石膏板，步骤同实施例1。
所述纸面石膏板的原料包括如下组分：脱硫石膏熟料100重量份、陶粒4重量份、沸石3重量份、水60重量份、玻璃纤维0.09重量份、缓凝剂0.5重量份、发泡剂0.3重量份、淀粉0.5重量份。
实施例3
制备纸面石膏板，步骤同实施例1。
所述纸面石膏板的原料包括如下组分：脱硫石膏熟料100重量份、陶粒5重量份、沸石5重量份、水67重量份、玻璃纤维0.18重量份、缓凝剂0.8重量份、发泡剂0.4重量份、淀粉0.8重量份。
对比例1
市售普通纸面石膏板。
对比例2
制备纸面石膏板，步骤同实施例1。
本实施例和实施例1的区别仅在于：步骤二、称量所述纸面石膏板的原料：脱硫石膏100重量份、沸石4.5重量份、水57重量份、玻璃纤维0.06重量份、缓凝剂0.3重量份、发泡剂0.15重量份、淀粉0.25重量份。
对比例3
制备纸面石膏板，具体步骤同实施例1。
本实施例和实施例1的区别仅在于：步骤二、称量所述纸面石膏板的原料：脱硫石膏100重量份、陶粒4.5重量份、水57重量份、玻璃纤维0.06重量份、缓凝剂0.3重量份、发泡剂0.15重量份、淀粉0.25重量份。
对比例4
制备纸面石膏板，步骤同实施例1。
本实施例和实施例1的区别在于步骤二、步骤三、步骤四。
步骤二、称量所述纸面石膏板的原料：脱硫石膏熟料100重量份、陶粒6重量份、沸石1.5重量份、水57重量份、玻璃纤维0.06重量份、缓凝剂0.3重量份、发泡剂0.15重量份、淀粉0.25重量份。
步骤三、将20wt.％的脱硫石膏熟料、20wt.％的玻璃纤维和20wt.％沸石与50wt.％的陶粒混合均匀；加入20wt.％的水、20wt.％的缓凝剂、20wt.％的发泡剂、20wt.％的淀粉搅拌均匀，用于组成第一区域。
步骤四、将80wt.％的石膏熟料、80wt.％的玻璃纤维、80wt.％的沸石、50wt.％的陶粒混合均匀，加入80wt.％的水、80wt.％的缓凝剂、80wt.％的发泡剂、80wt.％的淀粉搅拌均匀，用于组成第二区域。
测试例1
参照中国国家标准GB/T9775-2008《纸面石膏板》对实施例1至3及对比例1的纸面石膏板进行测试，检测纸面石膏板的物理力学性能，结果见表1。
表1 纸面石膏板的性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2021126819-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021126819-appb-000002
从表1可以看出，本申请实施例制备的纸面石膏板，在性能上能够满足中国建材行业标准要求的物理力学性能。
测试例2
参照中国建材行业标准JC/T 2082-2011《调湿功能室内建筑装饰材料》，纸面石膏板属于第III类建筑装饰材料(厚度大于3mm的装饰材料及制品)。 测试实施例1至3与对比例纸面石膏板的调湿性能，结果见表2。
表2 产品调湿功能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2021126819-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021126819-appb-000004
测试例3
将实施例1至3及对比例1至4的纸面石膏板应用在室内空间，实施例1至3的石膏板能够满足所述标准对第III类建筑装饰材料的要求，而对比例1至4不满足。
另外，在全年范围内：使用实施例1至3调湿板后室内相对湿度在35％ 到76％之间波动，对比例1至4石膏板的室内空间相对湿度在13％到100％之间波动，调湿板能减小室内相对湿度的日波动及年波动；
本申请中的性能指标检测依据中国国家标准及行业标准。通过本申请的配方和制备工艺生产的纸面石膏板，均满足或高于中国国家标准的要求，并且具有调节室内湿度的作用，优化室内空气环境。
虽然本申请所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本申请而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本申请。任何本申请所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本申请所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本申请的保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种纸面石膏板，包括板芯和护面纸，所述板芯分为第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域包含沸石及陶粒，所述第二区域包含沸石不包含陶粒；所述第二区域与上护面纸和下护面纸中的任意一种或两种接触。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的纸面石膏板，其中，
    所述第一区域包括：石膏熟料水化形成的二水石膏、沸石、陶粒；
    所述第二区域包括：石膏熟料水化形成的二水石膏、沸石和粘结剂；
    所述第一区域还可以包括粘结剂、玻璃纤维、缓凝剂和发泡剂；
    所述第二区域还可以包括玻璃纤维、缓凝剂和发泡剂。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的纸面石膏板，其中，
    所述纸面石膏板整体中，所述石膏熟料、所述陶粒、所述沸石、所述粘结剂、所述玻璃纤维、所述缓凝剂和所述发泡剂的重量比为：100:(3至5):(1至5):(0.2至1):(0至0.2):(0至1):(0至0.5)；
    所述石膏熟料、所述陶粒、所述沸石、所述粘结剂、所述玻璃纤维、所述缓凝剂和所述发泡剂的重量比可以为100:(3至5):(1至5):(0.2至1):(0.05至0.2):(0.2至1):(0.1至0.5)。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的纸面石膏板，其中，
    所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的石膏熟料的重量比为(10至25):(75至90)；
    所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的沸石的重量比为(10至25):(75至90)；
    所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的粘结剂的重量比为(15至25):(75至85)；
    所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的玻璃纤维的重量比为(15至25):(75至85)；
    所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的缓凝剂的重量比为(10至25):(75至90)；
    所述第一区域和所述第二区域中的发泡剂的重量比为(10至20):(75至90)。
  5. 根据权利要求2至3中任一项所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述陶粒的粒径为0.5mm至2mm；
    所述陶粒的筒压强度可以为2.5MPa至4MPa，所述陶粒的堆积密度可以为400kg·m -3至600kg·m -3
    所述沸石的粒度范围可以为200至500目。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述玻璃纤维的长度为9至15mm，单丝直径为10至15μm；所述玻璃纤维可以选自无碱玻璃纤维、中碱玻璃纤维和抗碱玻璃纤维中的任意一种或更多种。
  7. 根据权利要求2或3所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述缓凝剂选自柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、硼砂，蛋白质类缓凝剂；
    所述蛋白类缓凝剂可以包括骨胶蛋白质类缓凝剂，所述骨胶蛋白质类缓凝剂为降解聚酰胺经钙盐化而成的蛋白质类石膏缓凝剂。
  8. 根据权利要求2或3所述的纸面石膏板，其中，所述发泡剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、a-烯基磺酸钠、过氧化氢中的任意一种或更多种；
    所述粘结剂可以为改性淀粉；所述改性淀粉的糊化温度可以为50至70℃。
  9. 根据权利要求2至8中任一项所述的纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
    1)称量所述石膏熟料、所述玻璃纤维和所述沸石，混合均匀，记为A料；
    2)将一部分A料与所述陶粒混合均匀，记为B料；
    3)将所述缓凝剂、所述发泡剂和所述粘结剂混合均匀，即为C料；
    4)将余下的A料与一部分C料混合均匀后，即得所述第二区域的石膏料浆；
    5)将余下的C料与所述B料混合均匀后，即得所述第一区域的石膏料 浆；
    6)将所述第二区域的石膏料浆与上护面纸或下护面纸中的部分或全部搭接粘牢成型，所述石膏板的余下部分为第一料浆，制得纸面石膏板湿板；
    7)将所述纸面石膏板湿板干燥后即得所述纸面石膏板。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的纸面石膏板的制备方法，其中，步骤1)中所述沸石还经过去离子水洗涤，并在200℃至500℃下煅烧1h至3h，再使用0.5mol/L至2mol/L无机盐水溶液流动态冲洗沸石，所述无机盐水溶液的体积不小于沸石体积的10倍；再将所述沸石用去离子水洗涤后，真空干燥至恒重，所述真空干燥的温度为40℃至60℃。
  11. 根据权利要求2至8中任一项所述的纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
    1)将一部分所述石膏熟料、一部分所述玻璃纤维和一部分所述沸石与所述陶粒混合均匀，记为B料；
    2)将所述缓凝剂、所述发泡剂和所述粘结剂混合均匀，即为C料；
    3)将余下所述石膏熟料、余下所述玻璃纤维和余下所述沸石与一部分C料混合均匀后，即得所述第二区域的石膏料浆；
    4)将余下的C料与所述B料混合均匀后，即得所述第一区域的石膏料浆；
    5)将所述第二区域的石膏料浆与上护面纸或下护面纸中的部分或全部搭接粘牢成型，所述石膏板的余下部分为第一料浆，制得纸面石膏板湿板；
    6)将所述纸面石膏板湿板干燥后即得所述纸面石膏板。
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