WO2024000934A1 - 一种高涂布率的石膏基抹灰砂浆 - Google Patents

一种高涂布率的石膏基抹灰砂浆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024000934A1
WO2024000934A1 PCT/CN2022/126193 CN2022126193W WO2024000934A1 WO 2024000934 A1 WO2024000934 A1 WO 2024000934A1 CN 2022126193 W CN2022126193 W CN 2022126193W WO 2024000934 A1 WO2024000934 A1 WO 2024000934A1
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Prior art keywords
gypsum
plastering mortar
parts
based plastering
mortar material
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PCT/CN2022/126193
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨正波
陈红霞
王丽
刘文君
张晓菲
冉秀云
Original Assignee
北新集团建材股份有限公司
中建材创新科技研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2024000934A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024000934A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C04B2111/00508—Cement paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/10—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the viscosity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • This article relates to but is not limited to the technical field of a new type of building materials, especially to but is not limited to a gypsum-based plastering mortar.
  • Gypsum-based plastering mortar is a new type of interior wall plastering material that is composed of gypsum, aggregate, admixtures and mixing water.
  • lightweight plastering materials are the most commonly used interior wall plastering materials, and their use in China has also increased rapidly in recent years.
  • interior wall plastering gypsum mortar has the advantages of light bulk density, thermal insulation and sound insulation, energy saving and emission reduction, fast setting and hardening, short construction period, good construction quality and excellent performance. It has become a new type of rapid development in China in recent years. One of the building materials.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a gypsum-based plastering mortar prepared by using gypsum clinker.
  • the mortar has a high coating rate and good construction performance, and can be directly applied to the surface of building walls or cast in situ to form a prefabricated mortar.
  • the board is pasted on the surface of the building wall.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a gypsum-based plastering mortar material, wherein the gypsum-based plastering mortar material includes 50 to 90 parts by weight of gypsum clinker made from gypsum raw material, and 5 parts of vitrified microspheres. to 15 parts, heavy calcium from 5 to 20 parts, retarder from 0.001 to 0.2 parts, cellulose ether from 0.1 to 0.5 parts, starch ether from 0.05 to 0.3 parts and calcined product from 0.5 to 6 parts;
  • the calcined product is a calcined product of fly ash and calcium sulfate
  • the gypsum-based plastering mortar material is composed of the following components by weight: 50 to 90 parts of gypsum clinker made from gypsum raw material, and 5 to 90 parts of vitrified microspheres. 15 parts of heavy calcium, 5 to 20 parts of heavy calcium, 0.001 to 0.2 parts of retarder, 0.1 to 0.5 parts of cellulose ether, 0.05 to 0.3 parts of starch ether and 0.5 to 6 parts of calcined product.
  • the gypsum-based plastering mortar material includes 50 to 90 parts by weight of gypsum clinker made from gypsum raw material, 5 to 15 parts of vitrified microbeads, 5 parts to 20 parts of calcium, 0.001 to 0.2 parts of retarder, 0.1 to 0.5 parts of cellulose ether, 0.05 to 0.3 parts of starch ether and 0.5 to 6 parts of calcined product.
  • the calcium sulfate is selected from any one or more of calcium sulfate dihydrate, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, and anhydrous calcium sulfate.
  • the weight ratio of the fly ash and calcium sulfate in the raw material of the calcined product is (0.5 to 5):1.
  • the calcination temperature of the fly ash and calcium sulfate is 700°C to 1100°C.
  • the calcination time of the fly ash and calcium sulfate is 20 minutes to 2 hours.
  • the temperature is naturally cooled to room temperature and stored for later use.
  • the retarder is selected from the group consisting of protein retarder, modified amino acid salt retarder, boric acid retarder, citric acid retarder, and tartaric acid retarder. Any one or more of agent, borax, slaked lime and phosphate retarder (sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate and ammonium phosphate).
  • the viscosity of the cellulose ether is 300 mpa ⁇ s to 100000 mpa ⁇ s.
  • the cellulose ether is selected from any one or more of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, methyl cellulose ether and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether. .
  • the starch ether is selected from the group consisting of starch ethers modified from hydroxypropyl starch ether, hydroxyalkyl starch, carboxymethyl starch and natural polymers of polysaccharides. any one or more.
  • the dry bulk weight of the gypsum clinker is 500g/L to 900g/L.
  • the particle size of the gypsum clinker is 80 mesh to 100 mesh.
  • the ion content in the desulfurized gypsum raw material for preparing desulfurized building gypsum meets the standard requirements of the Chinese national standard GB/T37785-2019 "Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum”.
  • the gypsum-based plastering mortar material also includes 0 to 2 parts of latex powder and 0 to 90 parts by weight of gypsum clinker made from gypsum raw material. 5 parts mineral fiber.
  • the mineral fiber is selected from any one or more of sepiolite fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, glass fiber and gypsum fiber.
  • the latex powder is selected from any one or more of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer and vinyl acetate homopolymer.
  • the lowest film-forming temperature of the latex powder is 0°C to 4°C.
  • the density of the vitrified microbeads is 80kg/m 3 to 110kg/m 3 .
  • the expanded vitrified microbeads meet the requirements of the Chinese building materials industry standard JC/T1042-2007 "Expanded Vitrified Microbeads", and the physical and mechanical performance indicators meet the requirements of Class I and II standards.
  • the present application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gypsum-based plastering mortar material, including:
  • the present application provides a gypsum-based plastering mortar, including the above-mentioned gypsum-based plastering mortar material and water.
  • the weight ratio of the gypsum-based plastering mortar material and water is 1: (0.30 to 0.95).
  • the amount of water is measured according to the method of "Determination of Water Consumption for Standard Diffusivity" in Chinese national standard GB/T28627-2012.
  • the present application provides a method including, by weight, 50 to 90 parts of gypsum clinker prepared from gypsum raw material, 5 to 15 parts of vitrified microbeads, 5 to 20 parts of heavy calcium, and 0.001 parts of retarder.
  • the application is 50 to 90 parts by weight of gypsum clinker prepared from gypsum raw materials, 5 to 15 parts of vitrified microbeads, and 5 to 5 parts of heavy calcium.
  • the gypsum-based plastering mortar provided in the embodiment of the present application uses desulfurized building gypsum as the main raw material, so it is completely different from the traditional plastering mortar system and has a high coating rate. Moreover, the porous structure of gypsum makes it green and environmentally friendly, fast in construction, and thermal insulation.
  • the gypsum-based plastering mortar provided by the embodiments of this application has high strength and strong bonding force with the base layer. Each performance meets the requirements of plastering gypsum in the Chinese national standard GB/T28627-2012 "Plastering Gypsum”.
  • the gypsum-based plastering mortar provided by the embodiment of this application has the following advantages:
  • the coating rate is high ⁇ 160m 2 /t (1cm coating thickness, the weight ratio of the gypsum-based plastering mortar material and water is 1: (0.30 to 0.95)), which saves materials and effectively improves the quality of the mortar. performance, reducing construction costs. And the drying shrinkage or hardening shrinkage of gypsum-based plastering mortar is small.
  • the desulfurized building gypsum clinker used in the following examples is calcined by itself.
  • the bulk density of the gypsum clinker is about 850g/L, and the particle size is 80 mesh to 100 mesh.
  • the retarder used in the examples and comparative examples is Retardan-2000P (modified amino acid salt retarder) from Shanghai Shangnan Trading Co., Ltd.
  • the retarder used in the examples also includes hexametaphosphate, which is from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Beijing Co., Ltd.
  • the rubber powder used in the examples and comparative examples is vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer (minimum film-forming temperature is 4°C), which is WACKER 5010N redispersible latex powder from Guangdong Longhu Technology Co., Ltd.
  • the cellulose ether used in the examples and comparative examples is hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (60000 mpa ⁇ s viscosity), from Shanghai Shangnan Trading Co., Ltd., brand M6456;
  • the starch ether used in the examples and comparative examples is hydroxypropyl starch ether, purchased from Beijing Wantuming Technology Co., Ltd., brand 301;
  • the mineral fibers used in the examples and comparative examples are glass fibers, the average length of the mineral fibers is 6 mm, and the average diameter of the mineral fibers is 13 microns.
  • vitrified microbeads 1 used in the examples and comparative examples are expanded vitrified microbeads with a density of 92kg/m 3 and 70 to 90 mesh.
  • Vitrified microbeads 2 are expanded vitrified microbeads with a density of 120kg/m 3 and 70 to 90 mesh.
  • fly ash used in the examples and comparative examples was purchased from Baishan City Thermal Power Plant and is grade II fly ash.
  • Step 0 Calculate desulfurized gypsum raw meal and fly ash (weight ratio 1:1) at 800°C for 1 hour (Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7), keep warm for 30 minutes, and naturally cool to room temperature to obtain a calcined product ;
  • Step 1 Weigh each component according to the weight parts in Table 1;
  • Step 2 Mix the desulfurized building gypsum clinker, retarder, latex powder, cellulose ether and starch ether evenly to obtain premixed powder;
  • Step 3 Mix the premixed powder obtained in Step 2 with the calcined product, vitrified microbeads, mineral fiber and heavy calcium (particle size of 150 mesh to 400 mesh) evenly to obtain a mixture;
  • Step 4 Weigh the mixing water according to the amount in Table 1.
  • Step 5 Mix the gypsum-based plastering material prepared in step 3 above with the mixing water weighed in step 4 to prepare a gypsum-based plastering mortar.
  • the retarder in Example 1 and Example 2 is Retardan-2000P from 0.5 part to + 0.2 part of sodium hexametaphosphate; the retarder in Example 3, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 is Retardan-2000P. As shown in Table 1.
  • the setting time, water retention rate, flexural strength and compressive strength of the gypsum-based plastering mortar prepared above were tested according to the method specified in the Chinese national standard GB/T28627-2012 "Plastering Gypsum”.
  • the tensile bond strength of the gypsum-based plastering mortar prepared above was tested according to the method specified in the Chinese construction industry construction standard JGJ/70-2009 "Standard for Basic Performance Test Methods of Construction Mortars", as shown in Table 2.
  • the gypsum-based plastering mortar prepared in the embodiment of the present application greatly increases the coating rate of the gypsum-based mortar, improves the construction efficiency and activity rate, and can use less material to paint a larger area.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述石膏基抹灰砂浆材料按重量份计包括石膏生料制得的石膏熟料50份至90份、玻化微珠5份至15份、重钙5份至20份、缓凝剂0.001份至0.2份、纤维素醚0.1份至0.5份和淀粉醚0.05份至0.3份和煅烧产物0.5至6份；所述煅烧产物为粉煤灰和硫酸钙的煅烧产物；所述硫酸钙可以选自二水硫酸钙、半水硫酸钙和无水硫酸钙中的任意一种或更多种。本申请的石膏基抹灰砂浆以脱硫建筑石膏为原料，实现了脱硫石膏的资源化利用，而且具有施工效果好、综合成本低、涂布率高的特点。

Description

一种高涂布率的石膏基抹灰砂浆 技术领域
本文涉及但不限于一种新型建筑材料技术领域，尤其涉及但不限于一种石膏基抹灰砂浆。
背景技术
石膏作为一种绿色环保建材，具有诸多优越的性能，是一种装饰装修常用的建筑材料。石膏基抹灰砂浆由石膏、骨料、外加剂和拌合水组合而成的新型换代型内墙抹灰材料。在国外，轻质抹灰材料是一种被利用得最多的内墙抹灰材料，近几年其在中国的使用量也快速提升。内墙抹灰石膏砂浆与传统的水泥砂浆相比，具有容重轻、保温隔音、节能减排、凝结硬化快、施工周期短、施工质量好、性能优异等优势，成为中国近年来快速发展的新型建筑材料之一。
发明概述
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制本申请的保护范围。
本申请实施例提供了一种利用石膏熟料制备的石膏基抹灰砂浆，该砂浆具有较高的涂布率和良好的施工性能，可直接涂抹在建筑墙体表面或是现浇浇注成预制板后粘贴在建筑墙体表面。
本申请实施例提供了一种石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述石膏基抹灰砂浆材料按重量份计包括石膏生料制得的石膏熟料50份至90份、玻化微珠5份至15份、重钙5份至20份、缓凝剂0.001份至0.2份、纤维素醚0.1份至0.5份和淀粉醚0.05份至0.3份和煅烧产物0.5至6份；
所述煅烧产物为粉煤灰和硫酸钙的煅烧产物；
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述石膏基抹灰砂浆材料按重量份计 由以下组分组成石膏生料制得的石膏熟料50份至90份、玻化微珠5份至15份、重钙5份至20份、缓凝剂0.001份至0.2份、纤维素醚0.1份至0.5份和淀粉醚0.05份至0.3份和煅烧产物0.5至6份。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述石膏基抹灰砂浆材料按重量份计包括石膏生料制得的石膏熟料50份至90份、玻化微珠5份至15份、重钙5份至20份、缓凝剂0.001份至0.2份、纤维素醚0.1份至0.5份和淀粉醚0.05份至0.3份和煅烧产物0.5份至6份。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述硫酸钙选自二水硫酸钙、半水硫酸钙和无水硫酸钙中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述煅烧产物的原料中的所述粉煤灰和硫酸钙的重量比为(0.5至5):1。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述粉煤灰和硫酸钙的煅烧温度700℃至1100℃。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述粉煤灰和硫酸钙的煅烧时间为20min至2h。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，煅烧20min至2h后自然降温至室温保存备用。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述缓凝剂选自蛋白类缓凝剂、改性氨基酸盐类缓凝剂、硼酸类缓凝剂、柠檬酸类缓凝剂、酒石酸类缓凝剂、硼砂、消石灰和磷酸盐类缓凝剂(六偏磷酸钠、多聚磷酸钠和磷酸铵)中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述纤维素醚的粘度为300mpa·s至100000mpa·s。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述纤维素醚选自羟丙基甲基纤维素醚、甲基纤维素醚和羟乙基甲基纤维素醚中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述淀粉醚选自羟丙基淀粉醚、羟烷基淀粉、羧甲基淀粉和多糖类的天然聚合物经改性而成的淀粉醚中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述石膏熟料的干容重为500g/L至900g/L。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，石膏熟料的粒度为80目至100目。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述制备脱硫建筑石膏的脱硫石膏生料中的离子含量满足中国国家标准GB/T37785-2019《烟气脱硫石膏》标准要求。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述石膏基抹灰砂浆材料按重量份以石膏生料制得的石膏熟料50份至90份计还包括0至2份的乳胶粉和0至5份的矿物纤维。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述矿物纤维选自海泡石纤维、硅酸铝纤维、玻璃纤维和石膏纤维中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述乳胶粉选自醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物和醋酸乙烯酯均聚物中的任意一种或更多种。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述乳胶粉的最低成膜温度为0℃至4℃。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述玻化微珠的密度为80kg/m 3至110kg/m 3。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述膨胀玻化微珠符合中国建材行业标准JC/T1042-2007《膨胀玻化微珠》要求，物理力学性能指标满足Ⅰ和Ⅱ类标准要求。
又一方面，本申请提供了上述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料的制备方法，包括：
将所述脱硫石膏熟料、所述缓凝剂、所述乳胶粉、所述纤维素醚和所述淀粉醚混合均匀，制得预混粉；
将所述预混粉、所述煅烧产物、所述玻化微珠、所述矿物纤维和所述重钙混合均匀。
又一方面，本申请提供了一种石膏基抹灰砂浆，包括上述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料和水。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述石膏基抹灰砂浆材料和水的重量比为1:(0.30至0.95)。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述水的用量按照中国国家标准GB/T28627-2012中的“标准扩散度用水量的测定”的方法测定。
又一方面，本申请提供了按重量份计包括石膏生料制得的石膏熟料50份至90份、玻化微珠5份至15份、重钙5份至20份、缓凝剂0.001份至0.2份、纤维素醚0.1份至0.5份和淀粉醚0.05份至0.3份和煅烧产物0.5至6份的组合物在提高石膏基砂浆涂布率中的应用。
在本申请提供的一种实施方式中，所述应用为按重量份计由石膏生料制得的石膏熟料50份至90份、玻化微珠5份至15份、重钙5份至20份、缓凝剂0.001份至0.2份、纤维素醚0.1份至0.5份和淀粉醚0.05份至0.3份和煅烧产物0.5至6份组成的组合物在提高石膏基砂浆涂布率中的应用。
本申请实施例提供的石膏基抹灰砂浆以脱硫建筑石膏为主要原料，因此与传统的抹灰砂浆体系完全不同，具有较高的涂布率。并且，石膏的多孔结构使其具有绿色环保、施工快速、保温等优点。
本申请实施例提供的石膏基抹灰砂浆的强度高，与基层的粘结力强，每项性能符合中国国家标准GB/T28627-2012《抹灰石膏》中抹灰石膏的规定要求。本申请实施例提供的石膏基抹灰砂浆具有以下优点：
1.以脱硫建筑石膏为主要原料，不但实现了脱硫石膏的资源化利用，而且提高了抹灰砂浆的保温性能。
2.具有良好的保温性能，可有效降低建筑围护结构的能耗；并且隔音、调温、调湿性能良好。
3.涂布率较高≥160m 2/t(涂布1cm厚度，所述石膏基抹灰砂浆材料和水的重量比为1:(0.30至0.95))，节省了材料，有效的提高了砂浆使用性能，降低了施工成本。并且石膏基抹灰砂浆的干燥收缩或硬化收缩率小。
4.优化每种外加剂的掺量，在降低外加剂使用量的前提下最大程度的发挥了每种外加剂的协调配合作用，优化了抹灰砂浆的性能。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说 明书中变得更加清楚，或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的其他优点可通过在说明书中所描述的方案来发明实现和获得。
详述
下文对本申请的实施例进行详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
以下实施例中所用到的脱硫建筑石膏熟料为自行煅烧而成，所述石膏熟料的容重约为850g/L，粒度为80目至100目。
实施例和对比例中使用的缓凝剂为Retardan-2000P(改性氨基酸盐类缓凝剂)，来自上海尚南贸易有限公司。实施例中使用的缓凝剂还有六偏磷酸盐，来自国药集团化学试剂北京有限公司。
实施例和对比例中使用的所述胶粉为醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物(最低成膜温度为4℃)，为瓦克5010N可再分散性乳胶粉，来自广东龙湖科技股份有限公司。
实施例和对比例中使用的纤维素醚为羟乙基纤维素醚(60000mpa·s粘度)，来自上海尚南贸易有限公司，M6456牌号；
实施例和对比例中使用的淀粉醚为羟丙基淀粉醚，购自北京万图明科技有限公司，301牌号；
实施例和对比例中使用的矿物纤维为玻璃纤维，所述矿物纤维的平均长度为6mm，所述矿物纤维的平均直径为13微米。
实施例和对比例中使用的玻化微珠1为膨胀玻化微珠，密度为92kg/m 3，70目至90目。玻化微珠2为膨胀玻化微珠，密度为120kg/m 3，70目至90目。
实施例和对比例中使用的粉煤灰购自白山市热电厂，II级粉煤灰。
实施例和对比例
1、石膏基抹灰材料的制备
步骤0：将脱硫石膏生料和粉煤灰(重量比1:1)，在800℃煅烧1h(实 施例1至3和对比例1至7)，保温30min，自然降温至室温，得到煅烧产物；
步骤1：按照表1中的重量份称量每种组分；
步骤2：将脱硫建筑石膏熟料、缓凝剂、乳胶粉、纤维素醚和淀粉醚混合均匀，得到预混粉；
步骤3：将步骤2得到的预混粉与煅烧产物、玻化微珠、矿物纤维和重钙(粒度为150目至400目)混合均匀，得到混合物；
步骤4：按照表1中的用量称量拌和水。
步骤5：将上述步骤3制备的石膏基抹灰材料与步骤4称量的拌合水混合，配制成石膏基抹灰砂浆。
实施例1和实施例2的缓凝剂为Retardan-2000P0.5份至+六偏磷酸钠0.2份；实施例3、对比例1和对比例2中的缓凝剂为Retardan-2000P。如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022126193-appb-000001
测试例1
按照中国国家标准GB/T28627-2012《抹灰石膏》规定的方法测试上述制备的石膏基抹灰砂浆的凝结时间、保水率、抗折强度和抗压强度。按照中国建工行业建设标准JGJ/70-2009《建筑砂浆基本性能试验方法标准》规定的方法测试上述制备的石膏基抹灰砂浆的拉伸粘结强度，如表2所示。
表2
Figure PCTCN2022126193-appb-000002
从表2可以看出，本申请制备的抹灰砂浆的性能符合中国国家标准要求，除涂布率大幅提高外，其他性能与其它砂浆相当。
本申请实施例制备的石膏基抹灰砂浆大大增加了石膏基砂浆的涂布率，提高了施工效率和出活率，可以使用较少的材料涂刷较多的面积。
虽然本申请所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本申请而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本申请。任何本申请所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本申请所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本申请的保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，所述石膏基抹灰砂浆材料按重量份计包括石膏生料制得的石膏熟料50份至90份、玻化微珠5份至15份、重钙5份至20份、缓凝剂0.001份至0.2份、纤维素醚0.1份至0.5份和淀粉醚0.05份至0.3份和煅烧产物0.5至6份；
    所述煅烧产物为粉煤灰和硫酸钙的煅烧产物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中所述硫酸钙选自二水硫酸钙、半水硫酸钙和无水硫酸钙中的任意一种或更多种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述煅烧产物的原料中的所述粉煤灰和硫酸钙的重量比为(0.5至5):1。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中所述粉煤灰和硫酸钙的煅烧温度700℃至1100℃；
    所述粉煤灰和硫酸钙的煅烧时间可以为20min至2h。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述缓凝剂选自蛋白类缓凝剂、改性氨基酸盐类缓凝剂、硼酸类缓凝剂、柠檬酸类缓凝剂、酒石酸类缓凝剂、硼砂、消石灰和磷酸盐类缓凝剂中的任意一种或更多种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述纤维素醚的粘度为300mpa·s至100000mpa·s。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述纤维素醚选自羟丙基甲基纤维素醚、甲基纤维素醚和羟乙基甲基纤维素醚中的任意一种或更多种；
    所述淀粉醚可以选自羟丙基淀粉醚、羟烷基淀粉、羧甲基淀粉和多糖类的天然聚合物经改性而成的淀粉醚中的任意一种或更多种。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述石膏熟料的干容重为500g/L至900g/L。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述石膏熟料的粒度为80目至100目。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，所述石膏基抹灰砂浆材料按重量份以石膏生料制得的石膏熟料50份至90份计还包括0至2份的乳胶粉和0至5份的矿物纤维。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述矿物纤维选自海泡石纤维、硅酸铝纤维、玻璃纤维和石膏纤维中的任意一种或更多种。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中，所述乳胶粉选自醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物和醋酸乙烯酯均聚物中的任意一种或更多种。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料，其中所述乳胶粉的最低成膜温度为0℃至4℃；
    所述玻化微珠的密度可以为80kg/m 3至110kg/m 3。
  14. 根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料的制备方法，包括：
    将所述石膏熟料、所述缓凝剂、所述乳胶粉、所述纤维素醚和所述淀粉醚混合均匀，制得预混粉；
    将所述预混粉、所述煅烧产物、所述玻化微珠、所述矿物纤维和所述重钙混合均匀。
  15. 一种石膏基抹灰砂浆，包括权利要求1至13中任一项所述的石膏基抹灰砂浆材料和水。
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