WO2023002782A1 - 作業機械、作業機械の制御方法 - Google Patents
作業機械、作業機械の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023002782A1 WO2023002782A1 PCT/JP2022/023974 JP2022023974W WO2023002782A1 WO 2023002782 A1 WO2023002782 A1 WO 2023002782A1 JP 2022023974 W JP2022023974 W JP 2022023974W WO 2023002782 A1 WO2023002782 A1 WO 2023002782A1
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- current consumption
- cooling fan
- power supply
- current
- controller
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2025—Particular purposes of control systems not otherwise provided for
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
- E02F9/2095—Control of electric, electro-mechanical or mechanical equipment not otherwise provided for, e.g. ventilators, electro-driven fans
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
- E02F9/0858—Arrangement of component parts installed on superstructures not otherwise provided for, e.g. electric components, fenders, air-conditioning units
- E02F9/0866—Engine compartment, e.g. heat exchangers, exhaust filters, cooling devices, silencers, mufflers, position of hydraulic pumps in the engine compartment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
- F01P7/04—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by varying pump speed, e.g. by changing pump-drive gear ratio
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
- B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
- B60Y2200/412—Excavators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
- E02F9/2062—Control of propulsion units
- E02F9/2066—Control of propulsion units of the type combustion engines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/226—Safety arrangements, e.g. hydraulic driven fans, preventing cavitation, leakage, overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2025/00—Measuring
- F01P2025/08—Temperature
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a work machine and a control method for the work machine.
- Patent Document 1 describes a cooling fan control device that controls a plurality of cooling fans.
- the cooling fan control device has a controller. Based on the power capacity of the power supply and the sum of the required power according to the cooling state of the object to be cooled for each of the multiple cooling fans, the controller controls each power supply within the range where the power consumption of the cooling fan does not exceed the power capacity of the power supply. Optimize the target rotation speed of the cooling fan.
- This disclosure proposes a working machine and a method of controlling the working machine that can implement control to ensure the cooling capacity of the cooling fan.
- a power supply device a plurality of electrical devices driven by power supply from the power supply device, a sensor that detects current consumption of the electrical devices, and a flow of air driven by power supply from the power supply device and a controller for controlling the cooling fan.
- the electrical equipment includes a first equipment provided with a sensor for detecting current consumption of the electrical equipment.
- the controller determines whether or not the sum of the current consumption of the electric device including the current consumption of the first device detected by the sensor and the current consumption of the cooling fan exceeds the output current of the power supply device.
- FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing the configuration of a hydraulic excavator;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the system configuration of a hydraulic excavator;
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of control of a cooling fan;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a table of the number of revolutions of a cooling fan with respect to the temperature of cooling water of an engine;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a table of current consumption of a cooling fan with respect to rotation speed of the cooling fan; It is a figure which shows an example of an engine torque curve.
- FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing the construction of a hydraulic excavator 1.
- the hydraulic excavator 1 includes a working machine 2 and a vehicle body 3.
- the vehicle body 3 includes a traveling body 31 , a swing circle 32 , a revolving body 33 and a hydraulic motor 35 .
- the traveling body 31 has a pair of left and right crawler belt devices 311 .
- Each of the pair of left and right crawler belt devices 311 has a crawler belt.
- the hydraulic excavator 1 is self-propelled by rotating the pair of left and right crawler belts.
- the swing circle 32 is connected to a hydraulic motor 35.
- the swing circle 32 is rotated by the rotary drive of the hydraulic motor 35 .
- the hydraulic motor 35 is driven by hydraulic fluid supplied from a hydraulic source (not shown hydraulic pump and oil tank).
- the revolving body 33 is installed on the traveling body 31 via the swing circle 32 .
- the revolving body 33 revolves with respect to the traveling body 31 as the swing circle 32 rotates.
- the revolving body 33 has a frame 331 to which the working machine 2 is attached, an operator's cab 332, and a controller 80 (see FIG. 2) that controls the operation of the hydraulic excavator 1.
- the driver's cab 332 is arranged, for example, on the front left side (vehicle front side) of the revolving body 33 .
- the work machine 2 is supported by the frame 331 on the front side of the revolving body 33 and, for example, on the right side of the cab 332 .
- the work machine 2 has a boom 21, an arm 22, a bucket 23, a boom cylinder 211, an arm cylinder 221, a bucket cylinder 231, and the like.
- the boom 21 is attached to the revolving body 33.
- a base end of the boom 21 is rotatably connected to the revolving body 33 by a boom foot pin (not shown).
- the arm 22 is attached to the tip of the boom 21.
- the base end of the arm 22 is rotatably connected to the tip of the boom 21 by a boom tip pin 242 .
- the bucket 23 is attached to the tip of the arm 22.
- the bucket 23 is rotatably connected to the tip of the arm 22 by an arm tip pin 243 .
- Bucket 23 is an example of an attachment that can be attached to the tip of work implement 2 .
- the boom 21 can be driven by a boom cylinder 211.
- the boom cylinder 211 is driven by hydraulic fluid supplied from a hydraulic source. By this drive, the boom 21 can be vertically rotated with respect to the revolving body 33 around a boom foot pin (not shown).
- the arm 22 can be driven by an arm cylinder 221.
- Arm cylinder 221 is driven by hydraulic fluid supplied from a hydraulic source. By this driving, the arm 22 can rotate vertically with respect to the boom 21 around the boom tip pin 242 .
- the bucket 23 can be driven by a bucket cylinder 231.
- the bucket cylinder 231 is driven by hydraulic fluid supplied from a hydraulic source. By this driving, the bucket 23 can be rotated vertically with respect to the arm 22 around the arm tip pin 243 .
- the working machine 2 can be driven in this manner.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the system configuration of the hydraulic excavator 1.
- the engine 40 is a drive source for operating the hydraulic excavator 1 .
- Engine 40 is an internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine.
- the rotation speed of engine 40 is controlled by adjusting the amount of fuel injected into the cylinder. This adjustment is performed by controlling a governor attached to the fuel injection pump of engine 40 by controller 80 .
- the rotation speed of the engine 40 is detected by a rotation speed sensor 41 .
- a detection signal indicating the rotation speed of the engine 40 detected by the rotation speed sensor 41 is input from the rotation speed sensor 41 to the controller 80 .
- the output shaft of engine 40 is connected to alternator 42 .
- the alternator 42 operates as a generator that generates power using the driving force generated by the engine 40 .
- the alternator 42 corresponds to the power supply device of the embodiment.
- the rotation speed of the alternator 42 is set according to the rotation speed of the engine 40 . The higher the rotation speed of the engine 40, the higher the rotation speed of the alternator 42 and the larger the amount of power generated by the alternator 42.
- the alternator 42 and the battery 50 are electrically connected. Electric power generated by the alternator 42 is stored in the battery 50 .
- the battery 50 is a power storage device that stores electric power.
- Battery 50 is a secondary battery such as a nickel-hydrogen battery or a lithium-hydrogen battery.
- the battery 50 is electrically connected to a plurality of electrical devices 51-53. Electric power generated by the alternator 42 is supplied to the electric devices 51 to 53 via the battery 50 .
- the electric devices 51 to 53 are each driven by power supplied from the alternator 42 .
- the current sensor 54 detects the current consumption of the electrical equipment 51 .
- a current sensor 55 detects current consumption of the electrical equipment 52 .
- the electric device 53 is not provided with a current sensor for detecting the current consumption of the electric device 53 .
- the electric devices 51 and 52 correspond to the first device of the embodiment provided with sensors for detecting current consumption of the electric devices 51 and 52 .
- the electric device 53 corresponds to the second device of the embodiment, which is not provided with a sensor that detects the current consumption of the electric device 53 .
- electrical appliance 51 may be a light
- electrical appliance 52 may be an air conditioner
- electrical appliance 53 may be a wiper.
- An electrical device with a relatively large current consumption may be the first device provided with a current sensor, and an electrical device with a relatively low current consumption may be the second device without a current sensor.
- a detection signal indicating the current consumption of the electrical equipment 51 detected by the current sensor 54 is input from the current sensor 54 to the controller 80 .
- a detection signal indicating the current consumption of the electric device 52 detected by the current sensor 55 is input from the current sensor 55 to the controller 80 .
- the controller 80 receives the detection signals from the current sensors 54 and 55 and can grasp the current consumption of the electrical equipment 51 and 52, and can grasp the current consumption of the electrical equipment 53 which is not provided with a current sensor. It is configured so that it is not possible to
- the cooling device 60 of the embodiment includes a heat exchanger 70.
- the heat exchanger 70 of the embodiment has a radiator 71 , an oil cooler 72 and a CAC (Charge Air Cooler) 73 . Cooling water for the engine 40 flows inside the radiator 71 . Hydraulic fluid supplied to hydraulic actuators such as hydraulic motor 35 , boom cylinder 211 , arm cylinder 221 and bucket cylinder 231 shown in FIG. 1 flows inside oil cooler 72 . Air supplied to the engine 40 circulates inside the CAC 73 .
- the cooling water of the engine 40 is the cooling target fluid of the radiator 71 .
- Hydraulic oil is the fluid to be cooled by the oil cooler 72 .
- the intake air of the engine 40 is the fluid to be cooled by the CAC 73 .
- a temperature sensor 74 detects the temperature of cooling water passing through the radiator 71 .
- a temperature sensor 75 detects the temperature of hydraulic oil passing through the oil cooler 72 .
- a temperature sensor 76 detects the temperature of air passing through the CAC 73 .
- a detection signal indicating the temperature of the fluid to be cooled detected by the temperature sensors 74-76 is input to the controller 80 from the temperature sensors 74-76.
- the cooling device 60 includes a plurality of cooling fans 61-63. Cooling fans 61 to 63 are arranged to face heat exchanger 70, respectively. Specifically, the cooling fan 61 is arranged to face the radiator 71 and causes air to flow to the radiator 71 . A flow of air generated by the cooling fan 61 cools the radiator 71 . Cooling fan 61 is a fan for cooling cooling water of engine 40 flowing through radiator 71 .
- the engine 40 generates heat and is cooled by the cooling fan 61, and corresponds to the heat source of the embodiment.
- the engine 40 transfers the generated heat to the cooling water. Heat transfer from the engine 40 increases the temperature of the cooling water.
- the cooling water whose temperature has risen passes through the radiator 71, heat is radiated to the air flow generated by the cooling fan 61, thereby cooling the cooling water and lowering the temperature of the cooling water.
- Engine 40 is cooled by the circulation of the cooling water whose temperature has decreased to engine 40 .
- the cooling fan 62 is arranged to face the oil cooler 72 and causes air to flow to the oil cooler 72 .
- the airflow generated by the cooling fan 62 cools the oil cooler 72 .
- the cooling fan 62 is a fan for cooling the working oil flowing through the oil cooler 72 .
- the cooling fan 63 is arranged to face the CAC 73 and causes air to flow through the CAC 73 .
- the flow of air generated by cooling fan 63 cools CAC 73 .
- Cooling fan 63 is a fan for cooling air flowing through CAC 73 .
- the cooling fans 61-63 are electric fans. Electric motors 64 - 66 are electrically connected to battery 50 . Cooling fan 61 is driven by an electric motor 64 . The electric motor 64 is powered by the battery 50 and driven by receiving a control signal from the controller 80 . Cooling fan 62 is driven by electric motor 65 . The electric motor 65 is powered by the battery 50 and driven by receiving a control signal from the controller 80 . Cooling fan 63 is driven by electric motor 66 . The electric motor 66 is powered by the battery 50 and driven by receiving a control signal from the controller 80 .
- the electric power generated by the alternator 42 is supplied to the electric motors 64-66 via the battery 50.
- Cooling fans 61 - 63 are driven by power supply from alternator 42 to generate air flow passing through heat exchanger 70 .
- Cooling fans 61 to 63 are controlled by controller 80 .
- the controller 80 controls the electric motors 64 to 66, for example, by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation). Controller 80 controls the rotation speed of each of cooling fans 61-63 by controlling the rotation speed of each of electric motors 64-66.
- the controller 80 is a controller that controls the overall operation of the hydraulic excavator 1, and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a nonvolatile memory, a timer, and the like. Controller 80 is electrically connected to engine 40, revolution sensor 41, current sensors 54 and 55, electric motors 64-66, temperature sensors 74-76, and the like.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- Controller 80 is electrically connected to engine 40, revolution sensor 41, current sensors 54 and 55, electric motors 64-66, temperature sensors 74-76, and the like.
- a program for controlling the cooling fans 61 to 63 is stored in the controller 80 in advance.
- the controller 80 includes a table of current values generated and output by the alternator 42 with respect to the number of rotations of the engine 40, a table of the number of rotations of the cooling fans 61-63 with respect to the temperature of the fluid to be cooled detected by the temperature sensors 74-76, A table of current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 with respect to the rotation speed of the cooling fans 61 to 63, a table of torque output from the engine 40 with respect to the rotation speed of the engine 40, and the like are stored in advance. Functions may be stored in the controller 80 instead of the various tables described above.
- the controller 80 stores in advance the set value of the current consumption of the electrical equipment 53 that is not provided with a current sensor.
- the controller 80 is mounted on the hydraulic excavator 1.
- the controller 80 does not have to be mounted on the hydraulic excavator 1 .
- the controller 80 may be arranged outside the excavator 1 .
- the controller 80 may be placed at the work site of the excavator 1 or at a remote location away from the work site of the excavator 1 .
- the hydraulic excavator 1 and the controller 80 arranged outside the hydraulic excavator 1 may constitute a control system for the hydraulic excavator 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing an example of control of the cooling fans 61-63.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a table of the number of revolutions of the cooling fan 61 with respect to the temperature of the cooling water of the engine 40.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 4 represents the temperature of the cooling water of engine 40 .
- the temperature of cooling water for engine 40 is detected by temperature sensor 74 .
- the vertical axis in FIG. 4 indicates the number of revolutions of the cooling fan 61, that is, the number of revolutions of the electric motor 64.
- the table shown in FIG. 4 is stored in controller 80 .
- the rotation speed of the cooling fan 61 is kept constant at the predetermined first rotation speed.
- the rotation speed of the cooling fan 61 rises.
- the rotation speed of the cooling fan 61 linearly functions with respect to the temperature of the cooling water of the engine 40 in the range where the temperature of the cooling water of the engine 40 is higher than or equal to the first temperature threshold and lower than or equal to the predetermined second temperature threshold. To increase.
- the rotation speed of the cooling fan 61 is kept constant at the predetermined second rotation speed.
- the controller 80 receives a temperature detection signal of the cooling water of the engine 40 from the temperature sensor 74 . Controller 80 sets the number of revolutions of cooling fan 61 required to cool engine 40 corresponding to the temperature of the cooling water of engine 40 detected by temperature sensor 74 according to the table shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a table of current consumption of the cooling fan 61 with respect to the rotational speed of the cooling fan 61.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 5 indicates the rotation speed of the cooling fan 61 and the vertical axis indicates the current consumption of the cooling fan 61 .
- the current consumption of the cooling fan 61 may be linearly increased with respect to the rotational speed of the cooling fan 61 .
- the controller 80 obtains the current consumption of the cooling fan 61 corresponding to the rotational speed of the cooling fan 61 set by the table of FIG.
- a table similar to that in FIG. 4 is also set for the temperature of the hydraulic oil and the rotation speed of the cooling fan 62 .
- a table similar to that in FIG. 5 is also set for the rotational speed of the cooling fan 62 and the current consumption of the cooling fan 62 .
- a table similar to that in FIG. 4 is also set for the intake air temperature of the engine 40 and the rotational speed of the cooling fan 63 .
- a table similar to that in FIG. 5 is also set for the number of rotations of the cooling fan 63 and the current consumption of the cooling fan 63 .
- the controller 80 sets the rotation speeds of the cooling fans 62 and 63 and obtains the current consumption of the cooling fans 62 and 63 .
- step S2 it is determined whether or not the set value of the rotation speed of the cooling fans 61 to 63 exceeds the current consumption shortage line.
- a current consumption shortage line is set corresponding to a predetermined number of rotations between the first number of rotations and the second number of rotations.
- the current consumption shortage line is the power generated and output by the alternator 42 when the current consumption of the electric devices other than the electric motors 64 to 66 (for example, the electric devices 51 to 53 shown in FIG. 2) is all maximum.
- a current value obtained by subtracting the current consumption of the electrical equipment other than the electric motors 64 to 66 from the current to be applied is assigned to each of the cooling fans 61 to 63, and the rotation speed of each of the cooling fans 61 to 63 corresponding to the assigned current value is calculated. show.
- the rotation speed of cooling fan 61 is below the current consumption shortage line shown in FIG. , the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 does not exceed the current generated by the alternator 42.
- the number of revolutions of any one or more of the cooling fans 61-63 exceeds the current consumption shortage line, when using all the electrical equipment other than the electric motors 64-66
- the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment other than the motors 64 - 66 and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 - 63 may exceed the current generated and output by the alternator 42 .
- step S3 the electrical equipment other than the electric motors 64 to 66 current consumption is calculated.
- the controller 80 receives a current consumption detection signal of the electric device 51 from the current sensor 54 .
- the controller 80 receives a current consumption detection signal of the electric device 52 from the current sensor 55 .
- the controller 80 stores the current consumption of the electrical device 51 detected by the current sensor 54, the current consumption of the electrical device 52 detected by the current sensor 55, and the set value of the current consumption of the electrical device 53 stored in advance in the controller 80. , is calculated as the current consumption of the electrical equipment other than the electric motors 64-66.
- step S4 the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment other than the electric motors 64 to 66 calculated in step S3 and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 obtained in step S1 is the current generated by the alternator 42. A determination is made as to whether or not the
- the controller 80 receives a detection signal of the rotation speed of the engine 40 from the rotation speed sensor 41 .
- the controller 80 calculates the current generated by the alternator 42 from the rotation speed of the engine 40 detected by the rotation speed sensor 41 according to a table of current generated by the alternator 42 with respect to the rotation speed of the engine 40 stored in advance in the controller 80 .
- the controller 80 compares the calculated current generated by the alternator 42 with the sum of the current consumptions of the electrical equipment and the cooling fans 61 to 63, and determines that the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the cooling fans 61 to 63 exceeds the current generated by the alternator 42. determine whether it is exceeded.
- step S4 if it is determined that the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 exceeds the current generated by the alternator 42 (YES in step S4), the process proceeds to step S5. , the rotation speeds of the cooling fans 61 to 63 are reset.
- the controller 80 changes the settings of the cooling fans 61-63. Specifically, the controller 80 reduces the rotational speeds of the cooling fans 61-63. Typically, the controller 80 sets the rotation speeds of the cooling fans 61 to 63 to values below the current consumption shortage line. As the rotational speeds of the cooling fans 61-63 decrease, the current consumption of the cooling fans 61-63 decreases as shown in FIG. As a result, the controller 80 prevents the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 from exceeding the current generated by the alternator 42 .
- step S5 the output of the engine 40 is also restricted.
- controller 80 limits the output of engine 40 .
- the controller 80 limits the amount of heat generated by the engine 40 to suppress heat transfer from the engine 40 to the cooling water.
- the controller 80 controls the cooling in the engine 40 so that the cooling water of the engine 40 is sufficiently cooled while passing through the radiator 71 by the cooling fan 61 whose rotation speed has decreased and whose cooling capacity has decreased. Suppress the temperature rise of water.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an engine torque curve.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 6 indicates the rotation speed of the engine 40 .
- the vertical axis in FIG. 6 indicates the output torque of engine 40 .
- An engine torque curve TC1 indicated by a solid line in FIG. 6 indicates the upper limit of the torque that the engine 40 can output according to the rotation speed, which is defined by the characteristics of the engine 40 .
- the engine torque curve TC1 defines the relationship between the rotational speed of the engine 40 and the upper limit of the output torque of the engine 40 .
- the controller 80 controls the governor so as to control the output torque of the engine 40 according to the engine torque curve TC1.
- a derate engine torque curve TC2 indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 6 defines an upper limit of output torque lower than that of the engine torque curve TC1.
- the controller 80 controls the output of the engine 40 according to the derate engine torque curve TC2. Since the current generated by the alternator 42 is set according to the rotation speed of the engine 40, when limiting the output of the engine 40, the controller 80 does not reduce the rotation speed of the engine 40, but rather reduces the output torque of the engine 40 by torque derating. is controlled to cut off the
- step S6 the controller 80 determines the rotation speeds of the cooling fans 61-63. If it is determined in step S2 that the set value of the rotation speed of the cooling fans 61-63 is equal to or below the current consumption shortage line (NO in step S2), regardless of the state of use of the electrical equipment other than the electric motors 64-66, Therefore, the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 never exceeds the current generated by the alternator 42 . Therefore, the controller 80 determines the rotation speed set in step S1 as the rotation speed of the cooling fans 61-63.
- step S4 If it is determined in step S4 that the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 does not exceed the current generated by the alternator 42 (NO in step S4), the controller 80 performs step The number of rotations set in S1 is determined as the number of rotations of the cooling fans 61-63.
- the controller 80 can monitor the current consumption of the electrical devices 51 and 52 provided with the current sensors 54 and 55 using detection signals from the current sensors 54 and 55 .
- the cooling fans 61 to 63 are operated at rotation speeds exceeding the insufficient current consumption line by constantly monitoring the usage of the electrical equipment and diverting the surplus current not used by the electrical equipment as the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63. are allowed to operate.
- the controller 80 determines the reset rotation speeds as the rotation speeds of the cooling fans 61-63. Controller 80 controls cooling fans 61 to 63 based on the determined rotational speed. The controller 80 outputs control signals to the electric motors 64-66 so that the cooling fans 61-63 operate at the determined rotational speed. Then, the processing is terminated (END).
- the electrical equipment driven by the power supply from the alternator 42 includes a first equipment provided with a sensor for detecting current consumption of the electrical equipment.
- the controller 80 determines that the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment including the current consumption of the first equipment detected by the sensor and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 is the output of the alternator 42. Determine whether the current is exceeded.
- the electrical equipment is driven by the electric current generated by the alternator 42, and the cooling fans 61-63 are driven.
- the cooling fan 61 monitors the current used by the electrical equipment, makes the surplus current not used by the electrical equipment available to the cooling fans 61 to 63, and increases the current available to the cooling fans 61 to 63.
- ⁇ 63 can be driven at higher revs.
- the cooling fans 61 to 63 can be rotated at a rotational speed equal to or higher than the current consumption shortage line shown in FIG.
- the cooling fans 61 to 63 can continue to operate at the maximum current, and control can be implemented to ensure the cooling performance of the cooling target fluid by the cooling fans 61 to 63 .
- the controller 80 controls the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the cooling fans 61-63
- the settings of the cooling fans 61 to 63 are changed so that the sum of the current consumption and the output current of the alternator 42 does not exceed the output current of the alternator 42 .
- the current generated by the alternator 42 is insufficient, if the battery 50 supplies the insufficient current, the battery 50 may be over-discharged and the power storage function of the battery 50 may deteriorate.
- the electrical equipment can be powered by power supply from the alternator 42. , and the cooling fans 61 to 63 can continue to operate.
- the controller 80 limits the output of the engine 40 when the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 exceeds the output current of the alternator 42 .
- the controller 80 limits the output of the engine 40 when the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 exceeds the output current of the alternator 42 .
- the number of revolutions of the cooling fans 61-63 is lowered, the ability of the cooling fans 61-63 to cool the fluid to be cooled is lowered. If the cooling water of the engine 40 is insufficient, the engine 40 will overheat. Overheating of the engine 40 can be prevented by limiting the output of the engine 40 as the number of revolutions of the cooling fans 61 to 63 is reduced, thereby reducing the amount of heat generated by the engine 40 .
- the controller 80 adjusts the current consumption of the cooling fans 61-63 to The cooling fans 61-63 are controlled based on the corresponding rotational speed.
- the cooling fans 61 to 63 can be controlled to ensure the cooling capacity of the fluid to be cooled.
- the electrical equipment driven by power supply from the alternator 42 includes a second equipment that is not provided with a sensor for detecting current consumption of the electrical equipment.
- the controller 80 calculates the sum of the current consumption of the first device detected by the sensor and the preset value of the current consumption of the second device, which is stored in advance. Calculate as By doing so, the controller 80 can more accurately calculate the current consumption of the electrical equipment.
- the controller 80 sets the rotation speeds of the cooling fans 61-63 based on the temperature of the fluid to be cooled obtained as the detection values of the temperature sensors 74-76. As shown in FIG. 5, the controller 80 obtains the current consumption of the cooling fans 61-63 from the set rotational speeds of the cooling fans 61-63. As a result, the controller 80 can obtain the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 with high precision. The controller 80 uses the acquired current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 to accurately determine whether or not the sum of the current consumption of the electrical equipment and the current consumption of the cooling fans 61 to 63 exceeds the output current of the alternator 42. can judge.
- the alarm may issue an alarm when it is determined that the current generated by the alternator 42 is insufficient for the current consumed by the electrical equipment and the cooling fans 61-63. Alerts may be audible, visual, tactile, or a combination thereof.
- the operator of the hydraulic excavator 1 who recognizes the alarm temporarily stops the air conditioner in the operator's cab 332, for example, to reduce the current consumption of the electric equipment and increase the current usable by the cooling fans 61 to 63. be able to. In this way, work can be continued without limiting the output of the engine 40 .
- the cooling device 60 of the embodiment includes three heat exchangers 70, namely a radiator 71, an oil cooler 72 and a CAC73.
- the number of heat exchangers may be two or less, or four or more. Examples of the heat exchanger are not limited to the above three, and may be, for example, a condenser of an air conditioner, a fuel cooler, or the like.
- the cooling device 60 may have two or less electric cooling fans, or may have four or more electric cooling fans.
- the number of heat exchangers and the number of cooling fans may differ. More than one cooling fan may cool one heat exchanger.
- a single cooling fan may cool two or more heat exchangers. Two or more heat exchangers cooled by one cooling fan may be arranged side by side along the air flow generated by the cooling fan.
- each heat exchanger there may be heat exchangers that are not provided with a temperature sensor.
- one of two or more heat exchangers cooled by one cooling fan is provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the fluid to be cooled in the heat exchanger, and the temperature sensor The rotation speed of the cooling fan may be controlled based on the detected value, and in this case, the other heat exchanger of the two or more heat exchangers may not be provided with a temperature sensor.
- the hydraulic excavator 1 has been described as an example of a working machine, but the concept of the present disclosure can be applied not only to the hydraulic excavator 1 but also to other types of working machines such as bulldozers, wheel loaders, and dump trucks. good.
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Abstract
Description
実施形態においては、作業機械の一例として油圧ショベル1について説明する。図1は、油圧ショベル1の構成を概略的に示す側面図である。
図2は、油圧ショベル1のシステム構成を示す概略ブロック図である。エンジン40は、油圧ショベル1の動作の駆動源である。エンジン40は、内燃機関であり、たとえばディーゼルエンジンである。エンジン40の回転数は、シリンダ内に噴射する燃料量を調整することで制御される。この調整は、エンジン40の燃料噴射ポンプに付設されたガバナがコントローラ80によって制御されることで行われる。エンジン40の回転数は、回転数センサ41によって検出される。回転数センサ41の検出したエンジン40の回転数を示す検出信号が、回転数センサ41からコントローラ80に入力される。
以上の構成を備えている実施形態の油圧ショベル1における、コントローラ80による冷却ファン61~63の制御について、以下に説明する。図3は、冷却ファン61~63の制御の一例を示すフローチャートである。
上述した説明と一部重複する記載もあるが、本実施形態の特徴的な構成および作用効果についてまとめて記載すると、以下の通りである。
Claims (7)
- 給電装置と、
前記給電装置からの給電により駆動される複数の電気機器と、
前記電気機器の消費電流を検出するセンサと、
前記給電装置からの給電により駆動され、空気の流れを発生させる冷却ファンと、
前記冷却ファンを制御するコントローラとを備え、
前記電気機器は、前記センサが設けられる第1の機器を含み、
前記コントローラは、前記センサが検出した前記第1の機器の消費電流を含む前記電気機器の消費電流と前記冷却ファンの消費電流との総和が前記給電装置の出力電流を超えるか否かを判断する、作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記判断の結果、前記電気機器の消費電流と前記冷却ファンの消費電流との総和が前記給電装置の出力電流を超える場合、前記冷却ファンの設定を変更して前記電気機器の消費電流と前記冷却ファンの消費電流との総和が前記給電装置の出力電流を越えないようにし、変更された消費電流に対応する回転数に基づいて前記冷却ファンを制御する、請求項1に記載の作業機械。
- 熱を発生し、前記冷却ファンによって冷却される加熱源をさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、前記判断の結果、前記電気機器の消費電流と前記冷却ファンの消費電流との総和が前記給電装置の出力電流を超える場合、前記加熱源の出力を制限する、請求項2に記載の作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記判断の結果、前記電気機器の消費電流と前記冷却ファンの消費電流との総和が前記給電装置の出力電流を超えない場合、その消費電流に対応する回転数に基づいて前記冷却ファンを制御する、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の作業機械。
- 前記電気機器は、前記センサが設けられない第2の機器を含み、
前記コントローラは、前記センサが検出した前記第1の機器の消費電流と、予め記憶されている前記第2の機器の消費電流の設定値との総和を、前記電気機器の消費電流として算出する、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の作業機械。 - 冷却対象流体が内部を流通する熱交換器と、
前記冷却対象流体の温度を計測する温度センサとをさらに備え、
前記冷却ファンの発生する空気の流れが前記熱交換器を冷却し、
前記コントローラは、前記温度センサの検出値に基づいて前記冷却ファンの回転数を設定し、設定された回転数から前記冷却ファンの消費電流を求める、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の作業機械。 - 給電装置と、
前記給電装置からの給電により駆動される複数の電気機器と、
前記電気機器の消費電流を検出するセンサと、
前記給電装置からの給電により駆動され、空気の流れを発生させる冷却ファンとを備える、作業機械の制御方法であって、
前記電気機器は、前記センサが設けられる第1の機器を含み、
前記センサにより前記第1の機器の消費電流を検出することと、
前記センサが検出した前記第1の機器の消費電流を含む前記電気機器の消費電流と、前記冷却ファンの消費電流と、の総和を算出することと、
算出された消費電流の総和が前記給電装置の出力電流を超えるか否かを判断することと、を備える、作業機械の制御方法。
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001165105A (ja) * | 1999-12-08 | 2001-06-19 | Shin Caterpillar Mitsubishi Ltd | 建設機械の駆動制御装置 |
JP2004288516A (ja) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-10-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの冷却制御装置 |
JP2011168232A (ja) * | 2010-02-22 | 2011-09-01 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電気自動車 |
JP2021050667A (ja) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-01 | キャタピラー エス エー アール エル | 冷却ファン制御装置、冷却装置、および、冷却ファン制御方法 |
JP2021050666A (ja) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-01 | キャタピラー エス エー アール エル | 冷却ファン制御装置、冷却装置、および、冷却ファン制御方法 |
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001165105A (ja) * | 1999-12-08 | 2001-06-19 | Shin Caterpillar Mitsubishi Ltd | 建設機械の駆動制御装置 |
JP2004288516A (ja) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-10-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの冷却制御装置 |
JP2011168232A (ja) * | 2010-02-22 | 2011-09-01 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電気自動車 |
JP2021050667A (ja) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-01 | キャタピラー エス エー アール エル | 冷却ファン制御装置、冷却装置、および、冷却ファン制御方法 |
JP2021050666A (ja) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-01 | キャタピラー エス エー アール エル | 冷却ファン制御装置、冷却装置、および、冷却ファン制御方法 |
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