WO2023000962A1 - 核壳型量子点、量子点发光器件、显示装置和制作方法 - Google Patents

核壳型量子点、量子点发光器件、显示装置和制作方法 Download PDF

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WO2023000962A1
WO2023000962A1 PCT/CN2022/103427 CN2022103427W WO2023000962A1 WO 2023000962 A1 WO2023000962 A1 WO 2023000962A1 CN 2022103427 W CN2022103427 W CN 2022103427W WO 2023000962 A1 WO2023000962 A1 WO 2023000962A1
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quantum dot
ions
shell
core
metal ion
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梅文海
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方技术开发有限公司
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C63/00Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C63/33Polycyclic acids
    • C07C63/337Polycyclic acids with carboxyl groups bound to condensed ring systems
    • C07C63/42Polycyclic acids with carboxyl groups bound to condensed ring systems containing three or more condensed rings
    • C07C63/44Polycyclic acids with carboxyl groups bound to condensed ring systems containing three or more condensed rings containing one carboxyl group
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/06Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/08Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/88Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing selenium, tellurium or unspecified chalcogen elements
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/15Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/115OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising active inorganic nanostructures, e.g. luminescent quantum dots

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  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of semiconductors, and in particular to a core-shell quantum dot, a quantum dot light-emitting device, a display device and a manufacturing method.
  • QLED Quantum Dots Light Emitting Doide Display
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode display devices
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a core-shell quantum dot, including:
  • a chelating ligand, the chelating ligand is connected to the metal ion, and the chelating ligand and the metal ion form a closed ring structure connected to the shell.
  • the general formula of the chelating ligand includes:
  • X represents the coordination group connected with the metal ion;
  • Q includes hydrogen, or, or, 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 6, 1 ⁇ r ⁇ 6.
  • the chelating ligand includes multiple Q groups, and different Q groups include different groups.
  • Q is a solubility group.
  • the coordination group includes one or a combination of the following:
  • the chelating ligand includes one or a combination of the following structural formulas:
  • two of the coordination groups coordinate with the same metal ion, and one core-shell quantum dot coordinates only two of the coordination groups through the metal ion. group.
  • the chelating ligand has an axisymmetric structure.
  • the metal ions include: group IIA metal ions, group IIB metal ions or group IA metal ions.
  • the metal ions include: beryllium ions, magnesium ions, barium ions, strontium ions, calcium ions, zinc ions, mercury ions, cadmium ions, gold ions, silver ions, copper ions, manganese ions , one or a combination of lead ions, tin ions, iron ions, indium ions.
  • At least one photosensitive group is connected to the end of the chelating ligand away from the shell layer.
  • the photosensitive group includes
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a quantum dot light-emitting device, including a quantum dot film layer, wherein the quantum dot film layer includes the core-shell quantum dot provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • At least one -NH2 is connected to the end of the chelating ligand away from the shell.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, which includes the quantum dot light emitting device as provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a method for manufacturing core-shell quantum dots, including:
  • the metal ions replace the first ligand to obtain quantum dots whose shells include the metal ions;
  • the chelating ligand is connected with the metal ion to obtain the quantum dots connected with the chelating ligand through the metal ion.
  • the first reaction is performed so that the metal ion replaces the first ligand to obtain a quantum dot whose shell layer includes the metal ion, including:
  • the second reaction is used to connect the chelating ligand to the metal ion to obtain a quantum dot connected to the chelating ligand through the metal ion, including :
  • the fourth solvent is added, centrifuged, and the supernatant is removed to obtain a precipitate, which is repeated several times to obtain quantum dots linked with the chelating ligand through the metal ion.
  • FIG. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of core-shell quantum dots provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is the second structural schematic diagram of the core-shell quantum dot provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the core-shell quantum dot provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is the fourth structural schematic diagram of the core-shell quantum dot provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is the fifth schematic diagram of the structure of the core-shell quantum dot provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is the sixth schematic diagram of the structure of the core-shell quantum dot provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is the seventh schematic diagram of the structure of the core-shell quantum dot provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the comparison between conventional quantum dots and the quantum dots provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure during the patterning process;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a comparison between conventional quantum dots and the quantum dots provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure during the working process of the device;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the production process of core-shell quantum dots provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a core-shell quantum dot, including:
  • the shell is located at least part of the surface of the core, including metal ions M;
  • the chelating ligand A is connected to the metal ion M, and the chelating ligand A and the metal ion M form a closed ring structure connected to the shell.
  • metal ions are introduced into the quantum dot shell, and then a chelating ligand is used to form a stable closed ring structure (five-membered ring or six-membered ring structure) with the introduced metal ions.
  • the ligand is not easy to be on the surface of the quantum dot Shedding can also avoid the problem that conventional ligands are prone to shedding, resulting in defects on the surface of quantum dots, resulting in a decrease in device efficiency.
  • the general formula of the chelating ligand A may include:
  • X represents the coordination group connected with the metal ion;
  • Q can be a solubility group, which can specifically include hydrogen, or, 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 6, or, 1 ⁇ r ⁇ 6.
  • the chelate ligand A includes multiple Q groups, and different Q groups include different groups.
  • the general formula of the chelating ligand A can include one of the following:
  • the coordinating group X includes one or a combination of the following:
  • the chelating ligand A includes one or a combination of the following structural formulas:
  • Qs are included, one Q is a branched alkyl chain, and two Qs are H;
  • three Qs are included, one Q is a branched alkyl chain, and two Qs are H.
  • two coordination groups X coordinate with the same metal ion, and one core-shell quantum dot coordinates only two coordination groups X through the metal ion M. In this way, while reducing the probability of ligand falling off, it is avoided that if the chelating ligand A is larger than two coordination groups, it is easy to coordinate with multiple quantum dots at the same time, causing quantum dot aggregation.
  • the chelating ligand A has an axisymmetric structure.
  • the metal ion M may include: a group IIA metal ion, a group IIB metal ion or a group IA metal ion.
  • metal ions M may include: beryllium ions, magnesium ions, barium ions, strontium ions, calcium ions, zinc ions, mercury ions, cadmium ions, gold ions, silver ions, copper ions, manganese ions, lead ions, tin ions , one or a combination of iron ions and indium ions.
  • the core-shell quantum dots include one or a combination of the following:
  • At least one photosensitive group is connected to the end of the chelating ligand A away from the shell.
  • the photosensitive groups include: Specifically, the photosensitive group can also be other types of groups. In this way, when the core-shell quantum dots provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are used to form a patterned quantum dot film layer through a photolithography process, photoacid generation of hydrogen ions can be generated when the quantum dot film is irradiated with ultraviolet light.
  • Retention which in turn can be determined by solvent choice, will include
  • the quantum dot film in the region is removed, while the quantum dot film in the -NH2 region remains, so that the patterning of the quantum dot film layer can be realized and the formed pattern can be made more accurate.
  • the end of the chelating ligand A given above is also connected with at least one When forming a patterned quantum dot film layer by a photolithography process, in the final remaining quantum dot film layer, the structure connected to the end of the chelating ligand A away from the shell layer is -NH2.
  • the patterned quantum dot film layer is not formed by photolithography, for example, the patterned quantum dot film layer is formed by inkjet printing, in the finally formed patterned quantum dot film layer , can also include the chelating ligand A, and the end of the chelating ligand A away from the shell
  • the finally formed patterned quantum dot film layer may include a chelating ligand A instead of And also exclude -NH2.
  • FIG. 8 it is a schematic diagram of the conventional quantum dots and the quantum dots provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure during the patterning process.
  • the conventional quantum dot patterning process the area irradiated by ultraviolet light, the ligand and the quantum dots are separated.
  • the ligand In the area not irradiated by ultraviolet light, the ligand should be in a state connected to the quantum dot, but due to the weak adsorption force between the conventional ligand and the quantum dot, the ligand is also separated from the quantum dot during the patterning process, and then in the subsequent During the development and cleaning process, the quantum dots are retained in the area irradiated by ultraviolet light, and the ligands are also separated from the quantum dots in the area not irradiated by ultraviolet light, and the quantum dots are also retained, which in turn causes the quantum dots in the removed area to remain, resulting in full-color imaging.
  • the metal ions and chelating ligands in the shell layer will be irradiated by ultraviolet light.
  • the chelating ligand is still connected to the shell layer of the core-shell quantum dot through the metal ion.
  • the unidentified The quantum dots and chelate ligands in the area irradiated by ultraviolet light are washed away together, while the quantum dots in the area irradiated by ultraviolet light are retained to obtain a precisely patterned quantum dot film layer; or, the core-shell quantum dots implemented in the present disclosure
  • the end of the chelating ligand away from the shell is also connected with
  • photoacid generator photoacid generator can generate hydrogen ions when irradiated by ultraviolet light
  • Retention which in turn can be determined by solvent choice, will include
  • the quantum dot film in the region is removed, while the quantum dot film in the -NH2 region
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of conventional quantum dots and quantum dots provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure during device operation
  • conventional ligands are prone to fall off, resulting in defects on the surface of quantum dots, resulting in reduced device efficiency;
  • the ligand is not easy to fall off on the surface of the quantum dot, and the device efficiency is stable.
  • metal ions are connected between the quantum dots and the chelating ligands.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a quantum dot light-emitting device, including a quantum dot film layer, wherein the quantum dot film layer includes core-shell quantum dots as provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • At least one -NH2 is connected to the end of the chelating ligand A away from the shell.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, which includes the quantum dot light emitting device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing core-shell quantum dots, as shown in FIG. 10 , including:
  • Step S100 adding quantum dots connected with the first ligand and a compound containing metal ions to the first solvent;
  • the first solvent can be octadecene
  • the quantum dots can be CdSe/ZnS quantum dots
  • the first One ligand can be oleic acid
  • the compound containing metal ions can be calcium chloride or barium chloride;
  • Step S200 through the first reaction, so that the metal ions replace the first ligand to obtain a quantum dot whose shell layer includes metal ions; specifically, this step may include:
  • the third solvent can be methanol
  • Step S300 dissolving the quantum dots in a second solvent, and adding a chelating ligand to the second solvent;
  • the second solvent can be toluene;
  • Step S400 after a second reaction, the chelating ligand is linked to the metal ion to obtain quantum dots linked to the chelating ligand through the metal ion.
  • this step may include:
  • the fourth solvent is added, centrifuged, and the supernatant is removed to obtain a precipitate, which is repeated several times to obtain quantum dots connected with chelating ligands through metal ions.
  • the fourth solvent may be octane.
  • CdSe/ZnS quantum dots which have oleic acid ligands on the surface of the quantum dots, dissolve 5mg of calcium chloride in 5ml of octadecene, heat up to 150 degrees for 20 minutes to complete the ligand exchange, and sink the reaction solution to In 50ml of methanol, after centrifugation, remove the supernatant to obtain quantum dots with calcium ions in the shell, repeat the precipitation, wash the quantum dots three times during the centrifugation process, and dissolve them in toluene to form a 15mg/ml solution for later use;
  • the specific material can be indium tin oxide
  • make a hole injection layer Specifically, it can be spin-coated PEDOT:PSS (4000rpm, 30s) in air, annealed at 230 degrees for 20 Minutes; making hole transport layer, specifically, can be spin coating TFB solution (3000rpm, 30s) in the glove box, annealing 15 minutes at 150 degrees; making quantum dot layer, specifically, can be the quantum dot layer prepared in step 2 Point octane solution for spin coating (2500rpm, 30s), annealing at 120 degrees for 20 minutes; make an electron transport layer, specifically, spin coating zinc oxide nanoparticle solution (2000rpm, 30s), annealing at 120 degrees for 20 minutes; Cathode layer (for example, the material of the cathode layer is aluminum) 120nm, complete device preparation after packaging;
  • the ligand is oleic acid
  • 5mg of barium chloride is dissolved in 5ml of octadecene
  • the temperature is raised to 150 degrees for 20 minutes
  • the ligand exchange is completed.
  • Centrifuge remove the supernatant to obtain quantum dots with barium ions in the shell, repeat the precipitation, wash the quantum dots three times during the centrifugation process, and dissolve them in toluene to form a 15 mg/ml solution for later use;
  • the specific material can be indium tin oxide
  • make an electron transport layer specifically, spin-coat zinc oxide nanoparticle solution (2000rpm, 30s) in a glove box, 120 degrees Anneal for 20 minutes
  • make a quantum dot layer specifically, spin-coat the quantum dot octane solution prepared in step 2 (2500rpm, 30s), anneal at 120 degrees for 20 minutes
  • evaporate the hole transport layer material and the hole injection layer The material is 50nm in total; the anode layer (specifically, the material can be silver) is evaporated to 120nm, and the device preparation is completed after packaging.
  • the ligand is oleic acid, dissolve 5mg of barium chloride in 5ml of octadecene, heat up to 150 degrees for 20 minutes to complete the ligand exchange, and sink the reaction solution into 50ml of methanol, After centrifugation, the supernatant was removed to obtain red light quantum dots with barium ions in the shell, and the precipitation was repeated.
  • the quantum dots were washed three times during centrifugation and then dissolved in toluene to form a 15 mg/ml solution for later use. Green light and blue light quantum dots are prepared according to the same process;
  • the specific material can be indium tin oxide
  • make an electron transport layer specifically, spin-coat zinc oxide nanoparticle solution (2000rpm, 30s) in a glove box, 120 degrees Annealing 20 minutes;
  • the red light quantum dot toluene solution (containing 5% mass fraction 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-p-methoxystyryl-S-triazine prepared in step 2 as light Acid-generating agent) was spin-coated (2500rpm, 30s), and the quantum dot film layer was patterned and exposed using a mask, the exposure wavelength was 365nm, and the exposure amount was 100mj; after the exposure was completed, use toluene for development, time 120s, 120 degrees After annealing for 20 minutes, a patterned red light quantum dot film layer was obtained; patterned green light and blue light quantum dot film layers were also prepared according to this process; a total of 50nm of the hole transport layer material and the hole injection layer material were evaporate
  • the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are as follows: the core-shell quantum dots provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, by introducing metal ions into the quantum dot shell, and then using chelating ligands to form a stable closed ring structure with the introduced metal ions (5 membered ring or six-membered ring structure), which can increase the adsorption capacity of ligands on the surface of quantum dots.
  • the core-shell quantum dots provided by the embodiments of the present invention to make patterned quantum dot film layers, conventional ligands can be avoided.
  • Ligands are not easy to fall off on the surface of quantum dots, and can also avoid the problem that conventional ligands are prone to fall off, resulting in defects on the surface of quantum dots, resulting in a decrease in device efficiency.

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Abstract

一种核壳型量子点、量子点发光器件、显示装置和制作方法。所述核壳型量子点包括:核部;壳层,所述壳层位于所述核部的至少部分表面,包括金属离子;螯合配体,所述螯合配体与所述金属离子连接,所述螯合配体与所述金属离子形成连接于所述壳层的闭合环状结构。

Description

核壳型量子点、量子点发光器件、显示装置和制作方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年07月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110835520.4、申请名称为“核壳型量子点、量子点发光器件、显示装置和制作方法”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及半导体技术领域,尤其涉及一种核壳型量子点、量子点发光器件、显示装置和制作方法。
背景技术
量子点发光二极管显示器是(Quantum Dots Light Emitting Doide Display,QLED)是基于有机发光显示器的基础上发展起来的一种新型显示技术。而两者存在的区别是QLED里的发光层为量子点层,它的原理是电子/空穴通过电子/空穴传输层注入到量子点层,电子和空穴在量子点层中复合发光。与有机发光二极管显示器件(OLED)相比,QLED具有发光峰窄,色彩饱和度高,色域宽等优点。
另一方面,随着量子点技术的深入发展,量子点显示的研究日益深入,量子效率不断提升,已基本达到产业化的水平,进一步采用新的工艺和技术来实现其产业化已成为未来的趋势。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种核壳型量子点,其中,包括:
核部;
壳层,所述壳层位于所述核部的至少部分表面,包括金属离子;
螯合配体,所述螯合配体与所述金属离子连接,所述螯合配体与所述金 属离子形成连接于所述壳层的闭合环状结构。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述螯合配体的通式包括:
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000001
其中,n=2或n=3;X表示与所述金属离子连接的配位基团;Q包括氢,或者,
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000002
或者,
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000003
1≤m≤6,1≤r≤6。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述螯合配体包括多个Q基团,不同Q包括的基团不同。
在一种可能的实施方式中,Q为溶解性基团。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述配位基团包括以下之一或组合:
氨基;
巯基;
羧基;
磷氧基;
羟基。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述螯合配体包括以下结构式之一或组合:
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000004
在一种可能的实施方式中,两个所述配位基团与同一所述金属离子配位, 且一个所述核壳型量子点通过所述金属离子仅配位两个所述配位基团。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述螯合配体为轴对称结构。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述金属离子包括:IIA族金属离子、IIB族金属离子或IA族金属离子。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述金属离子包括:铍离子,镁离子,钡离子,锶离子,钙离子,锌离子,汞离子,镉离子,金离子,银离子,铜离子,锰离子,铅离子,锡离子,铁离子,铟离子的其中之一或组合。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述螯合配体远离所述壳层的一端还连接有至少一个光敏基团。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述光敏基团包括
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000005
本公开实施例还提供一种量子点发光器件,包括量子点膜层,其中,所述量子点膜层包括如本公开实施例提供的所述核壳型量子点。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述螯合配体远离所述壳层的一端连接有至少一个-NH2。
本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置,其中,包括如本公开实施例提供的所述量子点发光器件。
本公开实施例还提供一种核壳型量子点的制作方法,包括:
在第一溶剂中加入连接有第一配体的量子点,以及含有金属离子的化合物;
经过第一反应,以使所述金属离子置换所述第一配体,得到壳层包括所述金属离子的量子点;
将所述量子点溶解于第二溶剂,并在所述第二溶剂中加入螯合配体;
经过第二反应,以使所述螯合配体与所述金属离子连接,得到通过所述金属离子连接有所述螯合配体的量子点。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述经过第一反应,以使所述金属离子置换所述第一配体,得到壳层包括所述金属离子的量子点,包括:
在100度~200度的温度范围内反应10分钟~30分钟;
将反应后的液体沉入第三溶剂,离心,并去除上清液,得到沉淀物,重复多次,得到壳层包括所述金属离子的量子点。
在一种可能的实施方式中,所述经过第二反应,以使所述螯合配体与所述金属离子连接,得到通过所述金属离子连接有所述螯合配体的量子点,包括:
在常温条件下反应3小时~5小时;
加入第四溶剂,离心,并去除上清液,得到沉淀物,重复多次,得到通过所述金属离子连接有所述螯合配体的量子点。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点的结构示意图之一;
图2为本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点的结构示意图之二;
图3为本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点的结构示意图之三;
图4为本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点的结构示意图之四;
图5为本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点的结构示意图之五;
图6为本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点的结构示意图之六;
图7为本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点的结构示意图之七;
图8为常规量子点与本公开实施例提供的量子点在图案化过程中的对比示意图;
图9为常规量子点与本公开实施例提供的量子点在器件工作过程中的对比示意图;
图10为本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点的制作流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使得本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本公开实施例的附图,对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义,本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
为了保持本公开实施例的以下说明清楚且简明,本公开省略了已知功能和已知部件的详细说明。
运用量子点进行图案化达到制备高分辨率QLED或者QD-LCD已经成为一项重要的议题,但是目前量子点进行直接图案化的工艺中很容易在显影过程后形成残留,容易造成全彩量子点显示中的混色问题。同时在QLED器件工作过程中,配体容易发生脱落使量子点表面产生缺陷,造成器件效率的滚降等现象。
图1、图2和图3所示,本发明实施例提供一种核壳型量子点,其中,包括:
核部;
壳层,壳层位于核部的至少部分表面,包括金属离子M;
螯合配体A,螯合配体A与金属离子M连接,螯合配体A与金属离子M形成连接于壳层的闭合环状结构。
本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点,通过在量子点壳层引入金属离子,再使用螯合配体与引入的金属离子形成稳定的闭合环状结构(五元环或者六元环结构),可以增加配体在量子点表面的吸附能力,在使用本发明实施例提供的核壳型量子点制作图案化量子点膜层时,可以避免常规配体在图案化显影过程中容易发生脱落,导致该去除区域的量子点膜层残留,造成全彩量子点显示中混色的问题;在使用本发明实施例提供的核壳型量子点制作成的量子点器件,配体在量子点表面的不易脱落,也可以避免常规配体容易发生脱落,致使量子点表面产生缺陷,造成器件效率降低的问题。
在一种可能的实施方式中,螯合配体A的通式可以包括:
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000006
其中,n=2或n=3;X表示与金属离子连接的配位基团;Q可以为溶解性基团,具体可以包括氢,或者,
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000007
1≤m≤6,或者,
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000008
1≤r≤6。n=2或n=3,可以实现与金属离子形成稳定的五元环或者六元环结构,不易断裂分解,形成与壳层吸附能力较强的配体;而且,Q作为溶解单元,数量越多溶解性越好,但考虑载流子的传输性能,m和r的数量太多容易造成绝缘性太强,因此,本公开实施例中,1≤m≤6,1≤r≤6,可以在使螯合配体A具有较佳溶解性的同时,具有较好的载流子传输性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中,螯合配体A包括多个Q基团,不同Q基团包括的基团不同。
具体的,螯合配体A的通式可以包括以下之一:
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000009
在一种可能的实施方式中,配位基团X包括以下之一或组合:
氨基;
巯基;
羧基;
磷氧基;
羟基。如此,实现与金属离子的较佳连接性能。
在一种可能的实施方式中,螯合配体A包括以下结构式之一或组合:
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000010
其中,包括两个Q,其中两个Q为直链型烷基链;
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000011
其中,包括三个Q,其中一个Q为支链型烷基链,两个Q为H;
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000012
其中,包括三个Q,其中一个Q为支链型烷基链,两个Q为H。
在一种可能的实施方式中,两个配位基团X与同一金属离子配位,且一个核壳型量子点通过金属离子M仅配位两个配位基团X。如此,在降低配体脱落几率的同时,避免如果螯合配体A大于两个配位基团时,容易同时与多个量子点配位,造成量子点聚沉。
在一种可能的实施方式中,螯合配体A为轴对称结构。
在一种可能的实施方式中,金属离子M可以包括:IIA族金属离子、IIB族金属离子或IA族金属离子。具体的,金属离子M可以包括:铍离子,镁离子,钡离子,锶离子,钙离子,锌离子,汞离子,镉离子,金离子,银离子,铜离子,锰离子,铅离子,锡离子,铁离子,铟离子的其中之一或组合。
在一种可能的实施方式中,核壳型量子点包括以下之一或组合:
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000014
在一种可能的实施方式中,螯合配体A远离壳层的一端还连接至少一个有光敏基团。参见图4、图5、图6和图7所示,光敏基团包括:
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000015
具体的,光敏基团也可以是其它类型基团。如此,在通过使用本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点,通过光刻工艺形成图案化量子点膜层时,在量子点薄膜中混合入紫外光照射时可以产生氢离子的光致生酸剂,进而在被紫外光照射区域处,其中的
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000016
转变为-NH2,而在被未被紫外光照射的区域,
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000017
保留,进而可以通过溶剂的选 择,将包括
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000018
区域的量子点薄膜去除,而包括-NH2区域的量子点薄膜保留,实现量子点膜层的图案化且可以使形成的图案较精确。
可以理解的是,以上给出的螯合配体A远离壳层的一端还连接有至少一个
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000019
时,通过光刻工艺形成图案化的量子点膜层时,最终保留的量子点膜层中,螯合配体A远离壳层的一端连接的结构为-NH2。当然,在具体实施时,若不使用光刻方式形成图案化的量子点膜层,例如,使用喷墨打印方式形成图案化的量子点膜层,在最终形成的图案化的量子点膜层中,也可以包括含有螯合配体A,以及连接于螯合配体A远离壳层一端的
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000020
当然,若不在螯合配体A远离壳层的一端连接
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000021
直接通过喷墨打印工艺形成图案化的量子点膜层,最终形成的图案化的量子点膜层中,可以包括含有螯合配体A,而不包括
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000022
以及也不包括-NH2。
具体的,结合图8所示,为常规量子点与本公开实施例提供的量子点在 图案化过程中的示意图,常规量子点图案化过程中,紫外光照射的区域,配体与量子点分离;未被紫外光照射的区域,配体应该为与量子点连接的状态,但由于常规配体与量子点的吸附力弱,在图案化过程中,配体也与量子点分离,进而在后续显影清洗过程中,紫外光照射的区域,量子点保留,而未被紫外光照射的区域,配体也与量子点分离,量子点也保留,进而造成该去除区域的量子点残留,造成全彩量子点显示中混色的问题;而使用本发明实施例提供的核壳型量子点在图案化量子点膜层时,紫外光照射的区域,壳层的金属离子与螯合配体
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000023
分离,未被紫外光照射的区域,螯合配体仍通过金属离子与核壳型量子点的壳层连接,在显影清洗的过程中,通过选取能够溶解螯合配体的溶剂,可以将未被紫外光照射区域内与螯合配体的量子点一并洗去,而紫外光照射区域的量子点保留,得到精确的图案化量子点膜层;或者,本公开实施的核壳型量子点中,螯合配体远离壳层一端还连接有
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000024
时,在被紫外光照射区域处,在光致生酸剂的作用下(光致生酸剂在紫外光照射时可以产生氢离子),进而其中的
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000025
与氢离子作用,部分断开,与螯合配体连接的部分转变为-NH2;而在被未被紫外光照射的区域,
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000026
保留,进而可 以通过溶剂的选择,将包括
Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-000027
区域的量子点薄膜去除,而包括-NH2区域的量子点薄膜保留,实现量子点膜层的图案化且可以使形成的图案较精确。
具体的,结合图9所示,为常规量子点与本公开实施例提供的量子点在器件工作过程中的示意图,常规配体容易发生脱落,致使量子点表面产生缺陷,造成器件效率降低的;而使用本发明实施例提供的核壳型量子点制作成的量子点器件,配体在量子点表面的不易脱落,器件效率稳定。
需要说明的是,图8的下方图中以及图9的下方图中,量子点与螯合配体之间连接有金属离子。
基于同一发明构思,本公开实施例还提供一种量子点发光器件,包括量子点膜层,其中,量子点膜层包括如本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点。
在一种可能的实施方式中,螯合配体A远离壳层的一端连接有至少一个-NH2。
基于同一发明构思,本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置,其中,包括如本公开实施例提供的量子点发光器件。
基于同一发明构思,本公开实施例还提供一种核壳型量子点的制作方法,参见图10所示,包括:
步骤S100、在第一溶剂中加入连接有第一配体的量子点,以及含有金属离子的化合物;具体的,第一溶剂可以为十八烯中,量子点可以是CdSe/ZnS量子点,第一配体可以为油酸,含有金属离子的化合物可以是氯化钙或氯化钡;
步骤S200、经过第一反应,以使金属离子置换第一配体,得到壳层包括金属离子的量子点;具体的,该步骤可以包括:
在100度~200度的温度范围内反应10分钟~30分钟;
将反应后的液体沉入第三溶剂,离心,并去除上清液,得到沉淀物,重复多次,得到壳层包括金属离子的量子点;具体的,第三溶剂可以为甲醇;
步骤S300、将量子点溶解于第二溶剂,并在第二溶剂中加入螯合配体;具体的,第二溶剂可以为甲苯;
步骤S400、经过第二反应,以使螯合配体与金属离子连接,得到通过金属离子连接有螯合配体的量子点。具体的,该步骤可以包括:
在常温条件下反应3小时~5小时;
加入第四溶剂,离心,并去除上清液,得到沉淀物,重复多次,得到通过金属离子连接有螯合配体的量子点。具体的,第四溶剂可以为辛烷。
以下提供不同量子点发光器件的制作过程,如下:
含有螯合配体量子点正置QLED器件制备:
1、通过离子交换制备含有钙离子的量子点;
取30mg的CdSe/ZnS量子点,量子点表面具有油酸配体,5mg的氯化钙溶解在5ml的十八烯中,升温至150度反应20分钟,完成配体交换,将反应液沉到50ml甲醇中,经过离心,去除上清液得到壳层含有钙离子的量子点,重复沉淀,离心过程洗涤量子点三次后,溶解在甲苯中形成15mg/ml的溶液备用;
2、配体交换得到含有螯合环状结构配体的量子点;
将步骤1中形成的量子点甲苯溶液1ml与螯合配体A100mg混合,进行配体交换,反应4小时后将量子点沉淀到甲醇中,经过离心,去除上清液得到量子点,重复沉淀,离心过程洗涤量子点三次后,溶解在辛烷中形成15mg/ml的溶液备用;
3、在包括阳极层(具体材料可以为氧化铟锡)的衬底基板上,制作空穴注入层,具体的,可以是在空气中旋涂PEDOT:PSS(4000rpm,30s),230度退火20分钟;制作空穴传输层,具体的,可以是在手套箱中旋涂TFB溶液 (3000rpm,30s),150度退火15分钟;制作量子点层,具体的,可以是将步骤2中制备的量子点辛烷溶液进行旋涂(2500rpm,30s),120度退火20分钟;制作电子传输层,具体的,可以是旋涂氧化锌纳米粒子溶液(2000rpm,30s),120度退火20分钟;蒸镀阴极层(例如,阴极层的材料为铝)120nm,封装后完成器件制备;
含有螯合配体量子点倒置QLED器件制备:
1、通过离子交换制备含有钡离子的量子点;
取30mgCdSe/ZnS量子点,配体为油酸,5mg的氯化钡溶解在5ml的十八烯中,升温至150度反应20分钟,完成配体交换,将反应液沉到50ml甲醇中,经过离心,去除上清液得到壳层含有钡离子的量子点,重复沉淀,离心过程洗涤量子点三次后溶解在甲苯中形成15mg/ml的溶液备用;
2、配体交换得到含有螯合环状结构配体的量子点;
将步骤1中形成的量子点甲苯溶液1ml与螯合配体B100mg混合进行配体交换,反应4小时后将量子点沉淀到甲醇中,经过离心,去除上清液得到量子点,重复沉淀,离心过程洗涤量子点三次后,溶解在辛烷中形成15mg/ml的溶液备用;
3、在包括阴极层(具体材料可以为氧化铟锡)的衬底基板上,制作电子传输层,具体的,可以是在手套箱中旋涂氧化锌纳米粒子溶液(2000rpm,30s),120度退火20分钟;制作量子点层,具体的,将步骤2中制备的量子点辛烷溶液进行旋涂(2500rpm,30s),120度退火20分钟;蒸镀空穴传输层材料和空穴注入层材料共50nm;蒸镀阳极层(具体的,材料可以为银)120nm,封装后完成器件制备。
含有螯合配体量子点图形化QLED器件制备:
1、通过离子交换制备含有钡离子的量子点;
取30mgCdSe/ZnS红光量子点,配体为油酸,5mg的氯化钡溶解在5ml 的十八烯中,升温至150度反应20分钟,完成配体交换,将反应液沉到50ml甲醇中,经过离心,去除上清液得到壳层含有钡离子的红光量子点,重复沉淀,离心过程洗涤量子点三次后溶解在甲苯中形成15mg/ml的溶液备用。绿光和蓝光量子点按照相同工艺进行制备;
2、配体交换得到含有螯合环状结构配体的量子点;
将步骤1中形成的量子点甲苯溶液1ml与螯合配体C100mg混合进行配体交换,反应4小时后将量子点沉淀到甲醇中,经过离心,去除上清液得到量子点,重复沉淀,离心过程洗涤量子点三次后溶解在甲苯中,添加5%质量分数的光致生酸剂((photo acid generator,PAG)后形成15mg/ml的溶液备用。红绿蓝量子点均可按照此工艺进行制备;
3、在包括阴极层(具体材料可以为氧化铟锡)的衬底基板上,制作电子传输层,具体的,可以是在手套箱中旋涂氧化锌纳米粒子溶液(2000rpm,30s),120度退火20分钟;将步骤2中制备的红光量子点甲苯溶液(含有5%质量分数的2,4-双(三氯甲基)-6-对甲氧基苯乙烯基-S-三嗪作为光致生酸剂)进行旋涂(2500rpm,30s),使用掩膜板对量子点膜层进行图案化曝光,曝光波长365nm,曝光量为100mj;曝光完成后使用甲苯进行显影,时间120s,120度退火20分钟后得到图案化的红光量子点膜层;同样按照此工艺制备图案化的绿光和蓝光量子点膜层;蒸镀空穴传输层材料和空穴注入层材料共50nm;蒸镀银电极120nm,封装后完成器件制备。
本公开实施例有益效果如下:本公开实施例提供的核壳型量子点,通过在量子点壳层引入金属离子,再使用螯合配体与引入的金属离子形成稳定的闭合环状结构(五元环或者六元环结构),可以增加配体在量子点表面的吸附能力,在使用本发明实施例提供的核壳型量子点制作图案化量子点膜层时,可以避免常规配体在图案化显影过程中容易发生脱落,导致该去除区域的量子点膜层残留,造成全彩量子点显示中混色的问题;在使用本发明实施例提供的核壳型量子点制作成的量子点器件,配体在量子点表面的不易脱落,也 可以避免常规配体容易发生脱落,致使量子点表面产生缺陷,造成器件效率降低的问题。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种核壳型量子点,其中,包括:
    核部;
    壳层,所述壳层位于所述核部的至少部分表面,包括金属离子;
    螯合配体,所述螯合配体与所述金属离子连接,所述螯合配体与所述金属离子形成连接于所述壳层的闭合环状结构。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的核壳型量子点,其中,所述螯合配体的通式包括:
    Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-100001
    其中,n=2或n=3;X表示与所述金属离子连接的配位基团;Q包括氢,或者,
    Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-100002
    或者,
    Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-100003
    1≤m≤6,1≤r≤6。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的核壳型量子点,其中,所述螯合配体包括多个Q基团,不同Q包括的基团不同。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的核壳型量子点,其中,Q为溶解性基团。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的核壳型量子点,其中,所述配位基团包括以下之一或组合:
    氨基;
    巯基;
    羧基;
    磷氧基;
    羟基。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的核壳型量子点,其中,所述螯合配体包括以下结构式之一或组合:
    Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-100005
  7. 如权利要求2所述的核壳型量子点,其中,两个所述配位基团与同一所述金属离子配位,且一个所述核壳型量子点通过所述金属离子仅配位两个所述配位基团。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的核壳型量子点,其中,所述螯合配体为轴对称结构。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的核壳型量子点,其中,所述金属离子包括:IIA族金属离子、IIB族金属离子或IA族金属离子。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的核壳型量子点,其中,所述金属离子包括:铍离子,镁离子,钡离子,锶离子,钙离子,锌离子,汞离子,镉离子,金离子,银离子,铜离子,锰离子,铅离子,锡离子,铁离子,铟离子的其中之一或组合。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任一项所述的核壳型量子点,其中,所述螯合配体远离所述壳层的一端还连接有至少一个光敏基团。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的核壳型量子点,其中,所述光敏基团包括
    Figure PCTCN2022103427-appb-100006
  13. 一种量子点发光器件,包括量子点膜层,其中,所述量子点膜层包 括如权利要求1-11任一项所述的核壳型量子点。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的量子点发光器件,其中,所述螯合配体远离所述壳层的一端连接有至少一个-NH2。
  15. 一种显示装置,其中,包括如权利要求13或14所述的量子点发光器件。
  16. 一种核壳型量子点的制作方法,包括:
    在第一溶剂中加入连接有第一配体的量子点,以及含有金属离子的化合物;
    经过第一反应,以使所述金属离子置换所述第一配体,得到壳层包括所述金属离子的量子点;
    将所述量子点溶解于第二溶剂,并在所述第二溶剂中加入螯合配体;
    经过第二反应,以使所述螯合配体与所述金属离子连接,得到通过所述金属离子连接有所述螯合配体的量子点。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的制作方法,其中,所述经过第一反应,以使所述金属离子置换所述第一配体,得到壳层包括所述金属离子的量子点,包括:
    在100度~200度的温度范围内反应10分钟~30分钟;
    将反应后的液体沉入第三溶剂,离心,并去除上清液,得到沉淀物,重复多次,得到壳层包括所述金属离子的量子点。
  18. 如权利要求16所述的制作方法,其中,所述经过第二反应,以使所述螯合配体与所述金属离子连接,得到通过所述金属离子连接有所述螯合配体的量子点,包括:
    在常温条件下反应3小时~5小时;
    加入第四溶剂,离心,并去除上清液,得到沉淀物,重复多次,得到通过所述金属离子连接有所述螯合配体的量子点。
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