WO2022267590A1 - 一种镀锡板无铬钝化装置及方法 - Google Patents
一种镀锡板无铬钝化装置及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022267590A1 WO2022267590A1 PCT/CN2022/083257 CN2022083257W WO2022267590A1 WO 2022267590 A1 WO2022267590 A1 WO 2022267590A1 CN 2022083257 W CN2022083257 W CN 2022083257W WO 2022267590 A1 WO2022267590 A1 WO 2022267590A1
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- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- free passivation
- tank
- tinplate
- nozzle
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- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 claims description 109
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015073 liquid stocks Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010067482 No adverse event Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YOYLLRBMGQRFTN-SMCOLXIQSA-N norbuprenorphine Chemical compound C([C@@H](NCC1)[C@]23CC[C@]4([C@H](C3)C(C)(O)C(C)(C)C)OC)C3=CC=C(O)C5=C3[C@@]21[C@H]4O5 YOYLLRBMGQRFTN-SMCOLXIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/76—Applying the liquid by spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/58—Treatment of other metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/77—Controlling or regulating of the coating process
Definitions
- the invention relates to a passivation device, in particular to a chrome-free passivation device for a tinplate and a method for using the same, belonging to the technical field of tinplate production in the metallurgical industry.
- the tin plating layer can provide a beautiful metallic luster, and tin compounds are non-toxic and harmless, and have no adverse effects on the color, nutritional value and human health of food contents.
- the passivation process uses sodium dichromate solution to form a passivation layer on the surface of the tinplate by electrolysis. Since sodium dichromate is a highly toxic medium, a large amount of investment is required to ensure safe production and subsequent waste liquid treatment.
- chromium-free passivation In order to promote the development of chromium-free passivation technology, researchers at home and abroad have invested a lot of research force and achieved some results. At present, there are two main systems of chromium-free passivation: electrolytic chromium-free passivation and spray-type chromium-free passivation.
- electrolytic chromium-free passivation The typical representative of electrolytic chromium-free passivation is the technology of Nippon Steel Corporation in Japan. This technology is actually a phosphate anodic treatment technology. Electrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 50°C and a pH value of 2.5.
- the spray-type chromium-free passivation system is to spray the chromium-free passivation solution evenly on the surface of the tin plate to form a passivation film.
- the passivation solution can be divided into organic and inorganic.
- the passivation solution mainly contains propoxypropane Alcohol, hexafluorotitanic acid, phosphoric acid, inorganic acid, etc.
- the passivation film obtained by using this passivation solution can meet the requirements of corrosion resistance and adhesion of tinplate as long as the spraying process is appropriate, and it is widely used in the world. Therefore, the spray-type chromium-free passivation system is currently the mainstream technology for chromium-free passivation of tinplate.
- the core technology of spraying chromium-free passivation method is to spray the passivation solution evenly on the surface of the plate according to the requirements of different tinplates. Therefore, how to ensure the control of spraying amount and the uniformity of spraying is the core requirement for spraying equipment.
- CN CN211057225U discloses a chromium-free passivation equipment, which uses spin spray technology to spray diluted chromium-free passivation solution onto the surface of the plate. This technology is the current mainstream technology of spray-coated chromium-free passivation.
- the main problem of spraying chromium-free passivation solution by rotary spraying method is the uniformity of spraying.
- the rotary spraying technology is widely used, mainly used in the surface spraying of food, papermaking and textiles. Due to the large particle size of the droplets produced by the rotary spraying, it is widely used in Chromium-free passivation is difficult to ensure the uniform distribution of chromium-free passivation solution on the surface of the plate. In order to ensure the uniformity of the chromium-free passivation solution on the surface of the plate, it is necessary to use a subsequent set of squeezing rollers to squeeze the uneven passivation solution on the surface of the plate evenly, which increases the consumption of the passivation solution.
- the present invention is aimed at the problems existing in the prior art, and provides a chrome-free passivation device and process technology for tin-plated plates.
- Realize the stable production of chromium-free passivation tinplate the whole scheme is ingeniously designed, compact in structure, easy to use and safe, can realize the production of various specifications of tinplate, and ensure the coating of chrome-free passivation solution on the surface of tinplate Uniformity, to achieve green manufacturing of tinplate.
- a chromium-free passivation device for tinplate includes a chromium-free passivation solution stock solution tank, a liquid distribution tank, a working tank, a liquid receiving tank, a gas-liquid Separation tank, metering pump, diaphragm pump, filter 1 and filter 2, nozzle, aerosol injection system and squeeze roller, the stock solution of the chromium-free passivation solution is stored in the stock solution tank, and the stock solution tank is connected to the liquid dosing through the metering pump
- the liquid distribution tank is connected to the working tank through filter one and the diaphragm pump, and the working tank is connected to the aerosol injection system through filter two.
- the tank is connected to the working tank by pipes.
- the stock solution tank is used to hold the stock solution of chromium-free passivation solution;
- the liquid distribution tank is used to configure different concentrations of chromium-free passivation solution;
- the working tank is directly connected to the aerosol spray system;
- the liquid receiving tank is used to store the recovered chromium-free passivation solution , and then return to the working tank through the diaphragm pump;
- the gas-liquid separation tank is used to seal the scattered in the airtight;
- the metering pump is used to accurately configure the chromium-free passivation solution of different concentrations required;
- the chromium passivation solution is poured into the working tank; filter one and filter two are used to filter the chromium-free passivation solution, remove impurities in the chromium-free passivation solution, and prevent the nozzle from being blocked;
- the nozzle is used to filter the chromium-free passivation solution Spray onto the
- the inlet of the aerosol injection system is connected to the working tank, the chromium-free passivation solution is mixed with compressed air in the nozzle, and after the compressed air atomizes the chromium-free passivation solution, it is sprayed by two sets of nozzles Spray onto the front and back sides of the tinplate.
- a flow meter is installed in front of the nozzle, and the flow meter is used to monitor whether the nozzle is blocked. When the flow meter reading suddenly decreases or fluctuates, it indicates that the nozzle is blocked.
- Monitoring the flow of the chromium-free passivation solution through the flow of the flowmeter can effectively avoid the uneven film of the chromium-free passivation solution caused by nozzle blockage. Phenomenon. Furthermore, it can be directly determined which nozzle is clogged according to the flow change of a certain nozzle, which is convenient for nozzle maintenance in emergency situations.
- the sprayed mist from the nozzle is fan-shaped, the fan-shaped angle is 45°, 60° or 90°, the first choice is 60°, and the SUJE420-65-SS type nozzle of SPRAY company is the first choice; the reason why it is the first choice
- the nozzle with a fan angle of 60° is because the use of a 45° nozzle will inevitably increase the number of nozzles, resulting in an increase in cost; if a 90° nozzle is used, the number of nozzles can be reduced, but the force of the droplets ejected from the edge of the nozzle will be greatly reduced.
- the uniformity of the liquid film on the surface of the tinplate is because the use of a 45° nozzle will inevitably increase the number of nozzles, resulting in an increase in cost; if a 90° nozzle is used, the number of nozzles can be reduced, but the force of the droplets ejected from the edge of the nozzle will be greatly reduced.
- the distance L1 between the atomizing nozzle and the sprayed tin plate is 200-250mm
- a baffle with a narrow slit is set between the nozzle and the tin plate, and the baffle and the nozzle
- the distance L2 between them is 150-200 mm
- the distance L1 between the nozzle and the tinplate is 200-250mm. Due to the tension of the tinplate, there is a certain degree of vibration. If the distance is too small, the tinplate and the nozzle will collide and damage the tinplate or the nozzle.
- the nozzle is equipped with an injection system shell with exhaust air, and the upper air outlet pipe of the injection system shell is connected with the exhaust system of the tinning unit, which can prevent the atomized chromium-free passivation liquid from leaking out.
- the exhaust port is equipped with a gas-liquid separator, and the separated chromium-free passivation solution flows back into the liquid receiving tank, and the chromium-free passivating solution in the liquid receiving tank is returned to the working tank after passing the inspection.
- the chromium-free passivation solution is an acidic liquid. Sealing the aerosol injection system can effectively prevent the chromium-free passivation solution from flying into the surrounding environment, causing waste of the chromium-free passivation solution and corrosion of peripheral equipment.
- the chromium-free passivation device is automatically controlled by the PLC (Program Logical Control control system). Before receiving the instructions of the tinning unit, the configuration of the chromium-free passivation solution is completed, and the parameters of each detection element in the detection system are completed. Then it is in standby state.
- PLC Program Logical Control control system
- the system PLC calculates the air flow rate of the injection system and the flow rate of the chromium-free passivation solution according to the tinplate speed, width and chromium-free passivation film thickness instructions sent by the tinning unit, and then starts spraying Operation, the chrome-free passivation solution in the liquid distribution tank is automatically added to the working tank through the diaphragm pump, and the spraying operation is completed after receiving the stop production instruction; the automatic operation and control are realized, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
- a kind of chrome-free passivation method of environment-friendly tinplate, described method is specifically as follows:
- the chromium-free passivation solution used is a titanate system. After the tinplate is reflowed, quenched and dried, the chromium-free passivation solution is evenly sprayed to the surface of the tinplate, and then after drying at a high temperature of 100-120°C, a uniform chromium-free passivation film is formed on the surface of the tinplate.
- the preferred chromium-free passivation solution is Granodine 1456 from Henkel, Germany;
- the configuration method of the chromium-free passivation solution is to pump the stock solution of the chromium-free passivation solution into the liquid distribution tank from the chromium-free passivation liquid stock solution tank with a metering pump according to different concentration requirements, and the deionized water in the liquid preparation passes through The flow meter is added to the liquid distribution tank, and the chromium-free passivation solution that is configured needs to be stirred for 5 to 10 minutes;
- the concentration of the chrome-free passivation solution is 5-15%
- the temperature of the chromium-free passivation solution is 30-50°C
- the air mist injection method is adopted, the compressed air and chromium-free passivation liquid are atomized inside the nozzle, and sprayed out in a fan shape.
- the flow rate of gas and liquid is regulated by the electronic valve inside the nozzle.
- the preferred injection system is Autojet 1550 from SPRAY Company + type modular spraying system;
- the mist sprayed by the nozzle is fan-shaped, the optimal fan-shaped angle is 45°, 60° or 90°, the preferred is 60°, and the SPRAY company's SUJE420-65-SS nozzle is preferred;
- the nozzle of the chromium-free passivation device is installed outside the airtight enclosure with ventilation, and the air outlet pipe on the enclosure is connected to the exhaust system of the unit, and the negative pressure in the airtight enclosure is kept at -500 ⁇ 1000Pa;
- the entire spraying device is controlled by PLC. Before receiving the instructions from the tinning unit, the configuration of the chromium-free passivation solution is completed, and the parameters of each detection element in the system are detected. After this work is completed, it is in a standby state. Finally, the system PLC calculates the air flow rate of the injection system and the flow rate of the chromium-free passivation solution according to the tinplate speed, width and chromium-free passivation film thickness instructions sent by the tinning unit, and then starts the spraying operation. The high-quality chromium-free passivation solution is automatically added into the working tank through the diaphragm pump, and the spraying operation is completed after receiving the stop production instruction.
- the tinplate is reflowed and quenched to obtain a bright surface of the tinplate.
- the surface moisture can be removed, and a relatively dry and clean surface of the tinplate can be obtained, which lays the foundation for the formation of a uniform liquid film on the surface of the subsequent chromium-free passivation solution;
- the metering pump can be used to accurately configure different concentrations Chromium-free passivation solution, which meets the requirements of different products for the thickness of chromium-free passivation film;
- the total liquid flow rate is 5-10L/min, the gas flow rate is 50-200NL/min, and the pressure of compressed air is 0.3-0.6MPa;
- the aerosol injection system can be realized so that the compressed air and chrome-free passivation liquid can be atomized inside the nozzle, with a 45 °, 60° or 90° fan-shaped spraying, fan-shaped nozzles with different angles can be used to meet the layout of the width of the tinplate; the flow of gas and liquid
- a plurality of nozzles are provided to make the ejected chromium-free passivation liquid film wider than the width of the tinplate and evenly cover the surface of the tinplate.
- the airtight shell adopts negative pressure control, which can separate the chromium-free passivation liquid droplets scattered during the production process through the gas-liquid separator, and the separated chromium-free passivation liquid flows back into the liquid contact tank. Realize fully automatic operation, greatly improve work efficiency.
- the present invention has the following advantages: 1) the overall structural design of the technical solution is compact, ingenious, convenient and safe; The thickness can be precisely controlled within the range of 0.5-5mg /m2, and the corrosion resistance, sulfur resistance and adhesion performance of the tinplate obtained by using the patented process technology can all meet the requirements of tinplate for food packaging; 3) The chromium-free passivation device of the present invention fully considers the uniformity of the sprayed passivation solution and the consumption of the passivation solution, and the device can realize fully automatic operation under the control of PLC to meet the production requirements of green tinplate.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the baffle structure.
- Embodiment 1 Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, a kind of chrome-free passivation device for tinplate, said equipment includes: stock solution tank 1, metering pump 2, liquid distribution tank 3, filter one 4, diaphragm pump 5, connection Liquid tank 6, gas-liquid separation tank 7, flow meter 8, nozzle 9, squeeze roller 10, working tank 11, filter one 2 and filter two 12, aerosol injection system 13, injection system housing 14, the The stock solution of chromium passivation solution is stored in the stock solution tank 1, and the stock solution tank 1 is connected to the liquid distribution tank 3 through the metering pump 2, and the liquid distribution tank 3 is connected to the working tank 11 through the filter one 4 and the diaphragm pump 5, and the working The tank 11 is connected to the aerosol injection system 13 through the filter two 12, and the passivation liquid recovered by the gas-liquid separation tank 7 is returned to the liquid receiving tank 6 through the pipeline, and the liquid receiving tank 6 is connected to the working tank 11 through the pipeline; The chromium-free passivation solution in tank 1 is transferred to the liquid distribution tank
- a flow meter 8 is arranged in front of the nozzle 9, and the flow meter 8 is used to monitor whether the nozzle 9 is blocked;
- the chrome-free passivation solution in the liquid tank is returned to the working tank 11 after passing the inspection.
- the stock solution tank is used to hold the stock solution of chromium-free passivation solution;
- the liquid distribution tank is used to configure different concentrations of chromium-free passivation solution;
- the working tank is directly connected to the aerosol spray system;
- the liquid receiving tank is used to store the recovered chromium-free passivation solution , and then return to the working tank through the diaphragm pump;
- the gas-liquid separation tank is used to seal the scattered in the airtight;
- the metering pump is used to accurately configure the chromium-free passivation solution of different concentrations required;
- the chromium passivation solution is poured into the working tank; filter one and filter two are used to filter the chromium-free passivation solution, remove impurities in the chromium-free passivation solution, and prevent the nozzle from being blocked; the nozzle is used to filter the chro
- Embodiment 2 Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, a kind of chrome-free passivation method of environment-friendly tinplate, described method is specifically as follows;
- the chromium-free passivation solution used is a titanate system. After the tinplate is reflowed, quenched and dried, the chromium-free passivation solution is evenly sprayed to the surface of the tinplate, and then after drying at a high temperature of 100-120°C, a uniform chromium-free passivation film is formed on the surface of the tinplate.
- the preferred chromium-free passivation solution is Granodine 1456 from Henkel, Germany;
- the configuration method of the chromium-free passivation solution is to pump the stock solution of the chromium-free passivation solution into the liquid distribution tank from the chromium-free passivation liquid stock solution tank with a metering pump according to different concentration requirements, and the deionized water in the liquid preparation passes through The flow meter is added to the liquid distribution tank, and the chromium-free passivation solution that is configured needs to be stirred for 5 to 10 minutes;
- the concentration of the chrome-free passivation solution is 5-15%
- the temperature of the chromium-free passivation solution is 30-50°C
- the air mist injection method is adopted, the compressed air and chromium-free passivation liquid are atomized inside the nozzle, and sprayed out in a fan shape.
- the flow rate of gas and liquid is regulated by the electronic valve inside the nozzle.
- the preferred injection system is Autojet 1550 from SPRAY Company + type modular spraying system;
- the sprayed mist is fan-shaped, and the fan-shaped included angle can be 45°, 60° and 90°, the preferred is 60°, and the SPRAY company's SUJE420-65-SS nozzle is preferred;
- the nozzle of the chromium-free passivation device is installed outside the airtight enclosure with ventilation, and the air outlet pipe on the enclosure is connected to the exhaust system of the unit, and the negative pressure in the airtight enclosure is kept at -500 ⁇ 1000Pa;
- the entire spraying device is controlled by PLC. Before receiving the order from the tinning unit, the configuration of the chromium-free passivation solution is completed, and the parameters of each detection element in the system are detected. After completing this work, it is in a standby state.
- the system PLC calculates the air flow rate of the injection system and the flow rate of the chromium-free passivation solution according to the tinplate speed, width and chromium-free passivation film thickness instructions sent by the tinning unit, and then starts spraying Operation, the chromium-free passivation solution in the liquid distribution tank is automatically added to the working tank through the diaphragm pump, and the spraying operation is completed after receiving the stop production instruction.
- the tinplate is reflowed and quenched to obtain a bright surface of the tinplate.
- the surface moisture can be removed, and a relatively dry and clean surface of the tinplate can be obtained, which lays the foundation for the formation of a uniform liquid film on the surface of the subsequent chromium-free passivation solution;
- the metering pump can be used to accurately configure different concentrations Chromium-free passivation solution, which meets the requirements of different products for the thickness of chromium-free passivation film;
- the total liquid flow rate is 5-10L/min, the gas flow rate is 50-200NL/min, and the pressure of compressed air is 0.3-0.6MPa;
- the aerosol injection system can be realized so that the compressed air and chrome-free passivation liquid can be atomized inside the nozzle, with a 45 °, 60° or 90° fan-shaped spraying, fan-shaped nozzles with different angles can be used to meet the layout of the width of the tinplate;
- the flow of gas and liquid is adjusted by the electronic valve inside the nozzle, which can turn the chrome-free passivation solution into gran
- the distance L1 between the nozzle and the tinplate is 200-250mm. Due to the tension of the tinplate, there is a certain degree of vibration. If the distance is too small, the tinplate and the nozzle will collide and damage the tinplate or the nozzle.
- the purpose of setting multiple nozzles is to make the sprayed chromium-free passivation liquid film width larger than the width of the tinplate and evenly cover the surface of the tinplate.
- the airtight shell adopts negative pressure control, which can separate the chromium-free passivation liquid droplets scattered during the production process through the gas-liquid separator, and the separated chromium-free passivation liquid flows back into the liquid contact tank. Realize fully automatic operation, greatly improve work efficiency.
- the nozzle structure is shown in Figure 2, and the baffle structure is shown in Figure 3.
- the nozzle spray angle can be selected from 45°, 60° and 90°, and the distance between two adjacent nozzles is 2.5 to 4.5 times the spray angle.
- the distance L1 between 9 and the tin plate 17 is continuously adjustable within the range of 200-250 mm, and a baffle with a narrow slit is set between the nozzle 9 and the tin plate 17, including the upper baffle 15 and the lower baffle
- the plate 16 the distance L2 between the baffle and the nozzle is continuously adjustable within the range of 150-200 mm, and the height H of the slit on the baffle is 0.2-0.35 times the distance L2 between the baffle and the nozzle.
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种镀锡板无铬钝化装置和方法，所述无铬钝化装置包括无铬钝化液原液罐、配液罐、工作槽、接液罐、气液分离罐、计量泵、隔膜泵、过滤器一和过滤器二、喷嘴、气雾喷射系统以及挤干辊，所述无铬钝化液原液储存在原液罐中，原液罐通过计量泵连接配液罐，配液罐通过过滤器一和隔膜泵连接工作槽，工作槽通过过滤器二连接气雾喷射系统，气液分离罐通过管道连接接液罐，所述接液罐通过管道连接工作槽；无铬钝化液通过气雾方式喷射到镀锡板的表面，实现无铬钝化镀锡板的稳定生产，整个方案设计巧妙、结构紧凑，使用方便、安全，能实现各种规格镀锡板的生产，保证无铬钝化液在镀锡板表面的涂覆均匀性，钝化膜的厚度可控，实现镀锡板的绿色制造。
Description
本发明涉及一种钝化装置，具体涉及一种镀锡板无铬钝化装置及其使用方法，属于冶金行业镀锡板生产技术领域。
随着人们生活水平日日益提高，冷轧电镀锡钢板的应用范围和用量日益增长，该产品具有坚固、美观、成形性好等诸多优点。镀锡层能提供美丽的金属光泽，锡的化合物无毒无害，对食品内容物的色泽、营养价值及人体健康均无不良影响。当前国内外镀锡板的生产均采用铬酸盐的钝化工艺，该钝化工艺采用重铬酸钠溶液，采用电解的方式在镀锡板表面形成钝化层。由于重铬酸钠是一种剧毒介质，为保证安全生产和后续的废液处理需要大量的投入，同时用于食品保证的铬酸盐钝化产品其使用范围将越来越窄，如欧盟RoHS规定，截止2017年欧盟市场全面禁止铬酸盐钝化镀锡板，推进无铬钝化产品的使用，尽管该指令目前暂缓执行，但不能改变镀锡板无铬钝化的发展趋势。
为推进无铬钝化技术的发展，国内外的研究人员推入大量的研究力量，取得了一些成果。当前无铬钝化主要有两大体系：电解型无铬钝化和喷涂型无铬钝化。电解型无铬钝化的典型代表是日本的新日铁公司的技术，该技术实际是一种磷酸盐阳极处理技术，它将镀锡板在浓度(约为30g/L)的磷酸钠溶液在温度50℃、pH值为2.5的条件下进行电解，采用这种钝化方法可以大幅提高镀锡板的抗黄变和抗污 染性能，可以满足镀锡板的抗腐蚀性能，但其表面油漆附着力相对较差，未见在日本以外的国家使用。喷涂型无铬钝化体系是将无铬钝化溶液均匀喷涂到镀锡板表面，形成钝化膜，根据钝化机理的不同钝化液可以分为有机和无机二种。对于无铬钝化液国内外研究人员进行了大量的研究，形成大量的专利技术，但真正得到工业应用且得到美国FDA认证的只有德国HANKEL的Granodine 1456，该钝化液主要有丙氧基丙醇、六氟钛酸、磷酸、无机酸等组成，用该钝化液得到的钝化膜只要喷涂工艺合适可以满足镀锡板的耐腐蚀性和附着力的要求，在国际上应用较广。因此喷涂型无铬钝化体系是当前镀锡板无铬钝化的主流技术。
采用喷涂无铬钝化方法的核心技术是要根据不同镀锡板的要求将钝化液均匀喷涂到板的表面，为此如何保证喷涂量的控制和喷涂的均匀性是对喷涂装置的核心要求。CN CN211057225U公布了一种无铬钝化设备，该设备采用旋喷技术将经过稀释的无铬钝化液喷涂到板的表面，这一技术是当前喷涂型无铬钝化主流技术。采用旋喷方法喷涂无铬钝化液的主要问题是喷涂的均匀性，旋喷技术应用广泛，主要应用于食品、造纸、纺织品的表面喷涂，由于旋喷产生的液滴颗粒度大，应用于无铬钝化难以保证无铬钝化液在板表面的均匀分布。为确保无铬钝化液在板表面的均匀性，需要利用后续的一组挤干辊，将板表面不均匀的钝化液挤均匀，增加了钝化液的消耗。针对当前镀锡板无铬钝化的现状，急需发明一种无铬钝化装备和工艺，这对于提升镀锡板的绿色制造技术和镀锡板的品质具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明正是针对现有技术中存在的问题，提供一种镀锡板无铬钝化装置和工艺技术，该技术方案提供一种环保型无铬钝化溶液的无铬钝化装置及工艺，实现无铬钝化镀锡板的稳定生产，整个方案设计巧妙、结构紧凑，使用方便、安全，能实现各种规格镀锡板的生产，保证无铬钝化液在镀锡板表面的涂覆均匀性，实现镀锡板的绿色制造。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下，镀锡板无铬钝化装置，所述无铬钝化装置包括无铬钝化液原液罐、配液罐、工作槽、接液罐、气液分离罐、计量泵、隔膜泵、过滤器一和过滤器二、喷嘴、气雾喷射系统以及挤干辊，所述无铬钝化液原液储存在原液罐中，原液罐通过计量泵连接配液罐，配液罐通过过滤器一和隔膜泵连接工作槽，工作槽通过过滤器二连接气雾喷射系统，气液分离罐回收到的钝化液通过管道回流到接液罐，所述接液罐通过管道连接工作槽。原液罐用于盛装无铬钝化液原液；配液罐用于配置不同浓度的无铬钝化液；工作槽直接与气雾喷射系统连接；接液罐用于存放回收的无铬钝化液，再经过隔膜泵返回至工作槽；气液分离罐用于将散落在密闭；计量泵用于精准配置所需不同浓度的无铬钝化液；隔膜泵用于将所配置的一定浓度的无铬钝化液打到工作槽中；过滤器一和过滤器二均用来过滤无铬钝化液，除去无铬钝化液中的杂质，防止堵塞喷嘴；喷嘴用于将无铬钝化液以一定角度和一定形状喷射到镀锡板表面；气雾喷射系统是采用压缩空气将无铬钝化液雾化，然后再喷射到镀锡板表面形成一层致密均匀的无铬钝化液膜；挤干辊是将气雾喷射系统喷射到 镀锡板表面的无铬钝化液膜进行挤干，使得无铬钝化液膜更为均匀，便于后续获得均匀的无铬钝化干膜。
作为本发明的一种创新点，其中气雾喷射系统的入口与工作槽相连，无铬钝化液在喷嘴内与压缩空气混合，压缩空气将无铬钝化液雾化后，由两组喷嘴喷射到镀锡板的正反两面，为了使得保证每个喷嘴的工作状态，所述喷嘴前方设置有流量计，通过流量计监控喷嘴是否堵塞。当流量计示数突然减小或波动，说明喷嘴发生了堵塞，通过流量计的流量来监控无铬钝化液流量是否堵塞，可以有效避免因喷嘴堵塞导致的无铬钝化液膜不均匀的现象。更进一步，可以根据某个喷嘴流量变化直接确定是哪个喷嘴发生了堵塞，便于紧急状况下的喷嘴维护。
作为本发明的一种创新点，所述喷嘴喷射出气雾呈扇形，扇形角度为45°、60°或90°，首选为60°，首选SPRAY公司的SUJE420-65-SS型喷嘴；之所以首选扇形角度为60°的喷嘴，是因为采用45°喷嘴势必增加喷嘴数量，造成成本增加；若采用90°喷嘴，喷嘴数量可以减少，但是喷嘴边部喷射出的液滴力度会大幅降低影响喷射到镀锡板表面液膜的均匀性。
作为本发明的一种创新点，根据镀锡板的宽度单面设置多个喷嘴，喷嘴的数量为n，镀锡板的宽度W，相邻两个喷嘴之间的距离与喷嘴的扇形角A°有关，L＝(2.5～4.5)A mm，喷嘴数量n＝Int(W/L)+1；设置多个喷嘴是为了使得喷射出的无铬钝化液膜宽度大于镀锡板的宽度，均匀覆盖镀锡板表面。
作为本发明的一种创新点，所述雾化喷嘴与喷射镀锡板之间的距离L1为200～250mm，在喷嘴与镀锡板之间位置设置带窄缝的挡板，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2为150～200mm，挡板上窄缝的高度为H＝(0.2～0.35)*L2。喷嘴与镀锡板之间的距离L1为200～250mm，由于镀锡板带有张力有一定程度的抖动，距离过小会造成镀锡板与喷嘴发生碰撞损伤镀锡板或喷嘴，同时，喷嘴数量也会大幅增加；距离过大，喷嘴数量会减少，但是喷射力度会减弱，造成无铬钝化液膜不均匀；在喷嘴与镀锡板之间位置设置有一块带窄缝的挡板，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2为150～200mm，挡板上窄缝的高度为H＝(0.2～0.35)L2，可以将边部零星的无铬钝化液滴挡住，留在箱体中再回收至接液罐中。
作为本发明的一种创新点，所述喷嘴外部安装带抽风的喷射系统外壳，喷射系统外壳的上出风管道与镀锡机组抽风系统相连，可以防止雾化的无铬钝化液外泄，抽风口带有气液分离器，分离得到的无铬钝化液回流到接液罐中，接液罐中的无铬钝化液经检验合格后回流到到工作槽中。无铬钝化液为酸性液体，将气雾喷射系统进行密闭处理可以有效避免无铬钝化液滴飞窜到周边环境中造成无铬钝化液浪费和腐蚀周边设备等。
所述无铬钝化装置，由PLC即Program Logical Control控制系统进行自动控制,在接收到镀锡机组指令前，完成无铬钝化液的配置，检测系统中各检测元件参数，完成这一工作后处于待命状态。当PLC接收到喷射指令后，系统PLC根据镀锡机组发送的镀锡板速度、宽度 和无铬钝化膜厚度等指令后，计算喷射系统的空气流量和无铬钝化液流量后，开始喷射作业，配液槽中的无铬钝化液通过隔膜泵自动加入到工作槽中，直至接收到停止生产指令后，完成喷射作业；实现全自动操作和控制，大大提高作业效率。
一种环保型镀锡板的无铬钝化方法，所述方法具体如下：
1)为实现镀锡板的无铬钝化，所用的无铬钝化液为钛酸盐体系，镀锡板经过软熔、淬水、烘干后，将这种无铬钝化液均匀喷射到镀锡板表面，然后再经过100-120℃高温烘干后在镀锡板表面形成一层均匀的无铬钝化膜，首选无铬钝化液为德国汉高公司的Granodine 1456；
2)无铬钝化液的配置方法为根据不同的浓度要求从无铬钝化液原液罐采用计量泵将无铬钝化液原液抽入到配液罐中，配液中的去离子水通过流量计加入到配液罐中，配置完成的无铬钝化液需要搅拌5～10分钟；
3)根据不同镀锡板对无铬钝化膜厚度的要求，配置的无铬钝化液浓度为5～15％，无铬钝化液的温度为30～50℃，无铬钝化液总流量5～10L/min，气体流量50～200NL/min，压缩空气的压力0.3～0.6MPa；
4)采用气雾喷射方式，压缩空气和无铬钝化液在喷嘴内部实现雾化，成扇形喷出，气体和液体的流量由喷嘴内部的电子阀门调节，喷射系统首选为SPRAY公司的Autojet 1550+型模块化喷雾系统；
5)喷嘴所喷射出气雾呈扇形，最优的扇形角度为45°、60°或90°，首选为60°，首选SPRAY公司的SUJE420-65-SS型喷嘴；
6)喷嘴与镀锡板之间的距离L1＝200～250mm，在喷嘴与镀锡板之间位置设置有一块带窄缝的挡板，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2＝150～200mm，挡板上窄缝的高度为H＝(0.2～0.35)L2；
7)根据机组镀锡板的宽度W，单面设置多个喷嘴n，相邻两个喷嘴之 间的距离与喷嘴的扇形角A°有关，L＝(2.5～4.5)A mm，喷嘴数量n＝Int(W/L)+1；
8)无铬钝化装置的喷嘴外部安装带抽风的密闭外壳中，外壳上出风管道与机组抽风系统相连，密闭外壳中的负压保持在-500～1000Pa；
9)整个喷射装置由PLC控制，在接收到镀锡机组指令前，完成无铬钝化液的配置，检测系统中各检测元件参数，完成这一工作后处于待命状态，当PLC接收到喷射指令后，系统PLC根据镀锡机组发送的镀锡板速度、宽度和无铬钝化膜厚度等指令后，计算喷射系统的空气流量和无铬钝化液流量后，开始喷射作业，配液槽中的无铬钝化液通过隔膜泵自动加入到工作槽中，直至接收到停止生产指令后，完成喷射作业。
该方案中，镀锡板经过软熔、淬水，可以获得光亮的镀锡板表面。再经过烘干，可以去除表面水分，获得较为干燥洁净的镀锡板表面，为后续无铬钝化液在镀锡板表面形成均匀液膜打下基础；采用计量泵可以较为精准的配置不同浓度的无铬钝化液，满足不同产品对无铬钝化膜厚度的要求；配置的无铬钝化液浓度为5～15％，无铬钝化液的温度为30～50℃，无铬钝化液总流量5～10L/min，气体流量50～200NL/min，压缩空气的压力0.3～0.6MPa；可以实现气雾喷射系统使得压缩空气和无铬钝化液在喷嘴内部实现雾化，呈45°、60°或90°扇形喷出，可以采用不同角度的扇形喷嘴满足镀锡板宽度方向布置；气体和液体的流量由喷嘴内部的电子阀门调节，可以将无铬钝化液变成颗粒度更小且更为均匀的液滴，便于在镀锡板表面均匀铺展。喷嘴与镀锡板之间的距离L1＝200～250mm，由于镀锡板带有张力有一 定程度的抖动，距离过小会造成镀锡板与喷嘴发生碰撞损伤镀锡板或喷嘴，同时，喷嘴数量也会大幅增加；距离过大，喷嘴数量会减少，但是喷射力度会减弱，造成无铬钝化液膜不均匀；在喷嘴与镀锡板之间位置设置有一块带窄缝的挡板，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2＝150～200mm，挡板上窄缝的高度为H＝(0.2～0.35)L2，将边部零星的无铬钝化液滴挡住，留在箱体中再回收至接液罐中。设置多个喷嘴是为了使得喷射出的无铬钝化液膜宽度大于镀锡板的宽度，均匀覆盖镀锡板表面。密闭外壳采用负压控制，可以将生产过程中散落的无铬钝化液滴通过气液分离器进行分离，分离得到的无铬钝化液回流到接液罐中。实现全自动操作，大大提高作业效率。
相对于现有技术，本发明具有如下优点，1)该技术方案整体结构设计紧凑、巧妙、方便、安全；2)该技术方案可实现无铬钝化液的均匀涂覆，无铬钝化膜厚度可实现0.5～5mg/m
2范围内精准控制，利用本专利的工艺技术所得镀锡板的耐腐蚀性能、抗硫性能和附着力性能均能满足食品包装用镀锡板的要求；3)本发明的无铬钝化装置充分考虑了喷涂钝化液的均匀性和钝化液的消耗，装置可在PLC的控制下实现全自动运行，满足绿色镀锡板的生产要求。
图1为本发明整体结构示意图；
图2为喷嘴结构示意图；
图3为挡板结构示意图。
图中：1、原液罐，2、计量泵，3、配液罐，4、过滤器一，5、隔膜泵，6、接液罐，7、气液分离罐，8、流量计，9、喷嘴，10、挤干辊，11、工作槽，12、过滤器二，13、气雾喷射系统，14、喷射系统外壳，15、上挡板，16、下挡板，17、镀锡板。
为了加深对本发明的理解，下面结合附图对本实施例做详细的说明。
实施例1：参见图1-图3，一种镀锡板无铬钝化装置，所述装备包括：原液罐1、计量泵2、配液罐3、过滤器一4、隔膜泵5、接液罐6、气液分离罐7、流量计8、喷嘴9、挤干辊10、工作槽11、过滤器一2和过滤器二12、气雾喷射系统13、喷射系统外壳14，所述无铬钝化液原液储存在原液罐1中，所述原液罐1通过计量泵2连接配液罐3，所述配液罐3通过过滤器一4和隔膜泵5连接工作槽11，所述工作槽11通过过滤器二12连接气雾喷射系统13，气液分离罐7回收到的钝化液通过管道回流到接液罐6，所述接液罐6通过管道连接工作槽11；所述原液罐1中的无铬钝化液通过计量泵2传输到配液罐3中，按需要的浓度将定量的去离子水加入到配液罐3中，无铬钝化原液和去离子水在配液罐3搅拌均匀；所述气雾喷射系统13的入口与工作槽11相连，无铬钝化液在喷嘴9内与压缩空气混合，压缩空气将无铬钝化液雾化后，由两组喷嘴9喷射到镀锡板的正反两面，为了使得保证每个喷嘴9的工作状态，所述喷嘴9前方设置有流 量计8，通过流量计8监控喷嘴9是否堵塞；所述喷嘴9喷射出气雾呈扇形，扇形的夹角可为45°、60°和90°，首选为60°，首选SPRAY公司的SUJE420-65-SS型喷嘴；根据镀锡板的宽度，单面可设置多个喷嘴，相邻两个喷嘴之间的距离与喷嘴的扇形角A°有关，L＝(2.5～4.5)A mm；所述雾化喷嘴9与喷射镀锡板之间的距离L1为200～250mm，在喷嘴与镀锡板之间位置设置带窄缝的挡板，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2为150～200mm，挡板上窄缝的高度为H＝(0.2～0.35)*L2；喷射无铬钝化液后的镀锡板通过一组挤干辊10使得无铬钝化液液膜均匀平整；所述喷嘴9外部安装带抽风的喷射系统外壳14，所述喷射系统外壳14的上出风管道与镀锡机组抽风系统相连，可以防止雾化的无铬钝化液外泄，抽风口带有气液分离器，分离得到的无铬钝化液回流到接液罐6中，接液罐中的无铬钝化液经检验合格后回流到到工作槽11中。原液罐用于盛装无铬钝化液原液；配液罐用于配置不同浓度的无铬钝化液；工作槽直接与气雾喷射系统连接；接液罐用于存放回收的无铬钝化液，再经过隔膜泵返回至工作槽；气液分离罐用于将散落在密闭；计量泵用于精准配置所需不同浓度的无铬钝化液；隔膜泵用于将所配置的一定浓度的无铬钝化液打到工作槽中；过滤器一和过滤器二均用来过滤无铬钝化液，除去无铬钝化液中的杂质，防止堵塞喷嘴；喷嘴用于将无铬钝化液以一定角度和一定形状喷射到镀锡板表面；气雾喷射系统是采用压缩空气将无铬钝化液雾化，然后再喷射到镀锡板表面形成一层致密均匀的无铬钝化液膜；挤干辊是将气雾喷射系统喷射到镀锡板表面的无铬钝化液膜进行挤压，使得 无铬钝化液膜更为均匀，便于后续获得均匀的无铬钝化干膜。
实施例2：参见图1-图3，一种环保型镀锡板的无铬钝化方法，所述方法具体如下；
1)为实现镀锡板的无铬钝化，所用的无铬钝化液为钛酸盐体系，镀锡板经过软熔、淬水、烘干后，将这种无铬钝化液均匀喷射到镀锡板表面，然后再经过100-120℃高温烘干后在镀锡板表面形成一层均匀的无铬钝化膜，首选无铬钝化液为德国汉高公司的Granodine 1456；
2)无铬钝化液的配置方法为根据不同的浓度要求从无铬钝化液原液罐采用计量泵将无铬钝化液原液抽入到配液罐中，配液中的去离子水通过流量计加入到配液罐中，配置完成的无铬钝化液需要搅拌5～10分钟；
3)根据不同镀锡板对无铬钝化膜厚度的要求，配置的无铬钝化液浓度为5～15％，无铬钝化液的温度为30～50℃，无铬钝化液总流量5～10L/min，气体流量50～200NL/min，压缩空气的压力0.3～0.6MPa；
4)采用气雾喷射方式，压缩空气和无铬钝化液在喷嘴内部实现雾化，成扇形喷出，气体和液体的流量由喷嘴内部的电子阀门调节，喷射系统首选为SPRAY公司的Autojet 1550+型模块化喷雾系统；
5)所喷射出气雾呈扇形，扇形的夹角可为45°，60°和90°，首选为60°，首选SPRAY公司的SUJE420-65-SS型喷嘴；
6)雾化喷嘴与镀锡板之间的距离L1为200～250mm，在喷嘴与镀锡板之间位置设置有一块扎带窄缝的挡板，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2为150～200mm，挡板上窄缝的高度为H＝(0.2～0.35)L2；
7)根据机组镀锡板的宽度W，单面设置多个喷嘴n，相邻两个喷嘴之间的距离与喷嘴的扇形角A°有关，L＝(2.5～4.5)A mm，喷嘴数量n＝Int(W/L)+1；
8)无铬钝化装置的喷嘴外部安装带抽风的密闭外壳中，外壳上出风管道与机组抽风系统相连，密闭外壳中的负压保持在-500～1000Pa；
9)整个喷射装置由PLC控制，在接收到镀锡机组指令前，完成无铬钝化液的配置，检测系统中各检测元件参数，完成这一工作后处于待命状态。当PLC接收到喷射指令后，系统PLC根据镀锡机组发送的镀锡板速度、宽度和无铬钝化膜厚度等指令后，计算喷射系统的空气流量和无铬钝化液流量后，开始喷射作业，配液槽中的无铬钝化液通过隔膜泵自动加入到工作槽中，直至接收到停止生产指令后，完成喷射作业。镀锡板经过软熔、淬水，可以获得光亮的镀锡板表面。再经过烘干，可以去除表面水分，获得较为干燥洁净的镀锡板表面，为后续无铬钝化液在镀锡板表面形成均匀液膜打下基础；采用计量泵可以较为精准的配置不同浓度的无铬钝化液，满足不同产品对无铬钝化膜厚度的要求；配置的无铬钝化液浓度为5～15％，无铬钝化液的温度为30～50℃，无铬钝化液总流量5～10L/min，气体流量50～200NL/min，压缩空气的压力0.3～0.6MPa；可以实现气雾喷射系统使得压缩空气和无铬钝化液在喷嘴内部实现雾化，呈45°、60°或90°扇形喷出，可以采用不同角度的扇形喷嘴满足镀锡板宽度方向布置；气体和液体的流量由喷嘴内部的电子阀门调节，可以将无铬钝化液变成颗粒度更小且更为均匀的液滴，便于在镀锡板表面均匀铺展。喷嘴与镀锡板之间的距离L1为200～250mm，由于镀锡板带有张力有一定程度的抖动，距离过小会造成镀锡板与喷嘴发生碰撞损伤镀锡板或喷嘴，同时，喷嘴数量也会大幅增加；距离过大，喷嘴数量会减少，但是喷射力度会 减弱，造成无铬钝化液膜不均匀；在喷嘴与镀锡板之间位置设置有一块带窄缝的挡板，即包括上挡板15和下挡板16，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2为150～200mm，挡板上窄缝的高度为H＝(0.2～0.35)L2，可以将边部零星的无铬钝化液滴挡住，留在箱体中再回收至接液罐中。设置多个喷嘴是为了使得喷射出的无铬钝化液膜宽度大于镀锡板的宽度，均匀覆盖镀锡板表面。密闭外壳采用负压控制，可以将生产过程中散落的无铬钝化液滴通过气液分离器进行分离，分离得到的无铬钝化液回流到接液罐中。实现全自动操作，大大提高作业效率。
喷嘴结构如图2所示，挡板结构如图3所示，喷嘴喷射角度可选择45°、60°和90°，相邻两个喷嘴之间的距离是喷射角度的2.5～4.5倍，喷嘴9与镀锡板17之间的距离L1在200～250mm范围内连续可调，喷嘴9与镀锡板17之间位置设置有一块带窄缝的挡板，即包括上挡板15和下挡板16，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2在150～200mm范围内连续可调，挡板上窄缝的高度H是挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2的0.2～0.35倍。
需要说明的是上述实施例，并非用来限定本发明的保护范围，在上述技术方案的基础上所作出的等同变换或替代均落入本发明权利要求所保护的范围。
Claims (7)
- 一种镀锡板无铬钝化装置，其特征在于，所述无铬钝化装置包括无铬钝化液原液罐、配液罐、工作槽、接液罐、气液分离罐、计量泵、隔膜泵、过滤器一和过滤器二、喷嘴、气雾喷射系统以及挤干辊，所述无铬钝化液原液储存在原液罐中，原液罐通过计量泵连接配液罐，配液罐通过过滤器一和隔膜泵连接工作槽，工作槽通过过滤器二连接气雾喷射系统，气液分离罐回收到的钝化液通过管道回流到接液罐，接液罐通过管道连接工作槽。
- 根据权利要求1所述的镀锡板无铬钝化装置，其特征在于，其中气雾喷射系统的入口与工作槽相连，无铬钝化液在喷嘴内与压缩空气混合，压缩空气将无铬钝化液雾化后，由两组喷嘴喷射到镀锡板的正反两面，所述喷嘴前方设置有流量计，通过流量计监控喷嘴是否堵塞。
- 根据权利要求2所述的镀锡板无铬钝化装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴喷射出气雾呈扇形，扇形角度为45°、60°或90°。
- 根据权利要求3所述的镀锡板无铬钝化装置，其特征在于，根据镀锡板的宽度单面设置多个喷嘴，喷嘴的数量为n，镀锡板的宽度W，相邻两个喷嘴之间的距离与喷嘴的扇形角A°有关，L＝(2.5～4.5)A mm，喷嘴数量n＝Int(W/L)+1。
- 根据权利要求4所述的镀锡板无铬钝化装置，其特征在于，所述雾化喷嘴与喷射镀锡板之间的距离L1为200～250mm，在喷嘴与镀锡板之间位置设置带窄缝的挡板，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2为150～200mm，挡板上窄缝的高度为H＝(0.2～0.35)*L2。
- 根据权利要求5所述的镀锡板无铬钝化装置，其特征在于，所述喷嘴外部安装带抽风的喷射系统外壳，喷射系统外壳的上出风管道与镀锡机组抽风系统相连，抽风口带有气液分离器，分离得到的无铬钝化液回流到接液罐中，接液罐中的无铬钝化液经检验合格后回流到到工作槽中。
- 采用权利要求1-6任意一项装置实现镀锡板的无铬钝化方法，其特征在于，所述方法具体如下：1)所用的无铬钝化液为钛酸盐体系，钝化液通过气雾方式均匀喷射到镀锡板表面，然后再经过100-120℃高温烘干后，在镀锡板表面形成一层厚度均匀的无铬钝化膜；2)无铬钝化液的配置方法为根据不同的浓度要求从无铬钝化液原液罐采用计量泵将无铬钝化液原液抽入到配液罐中，配液中的去离子水通过流量计加入到配液罐中，配置完成的无铬钝化液需要搅拌5～10分钟；3)根据不同镀锡板对无铬钝化膜厚度的要求，配置的无铬钝化液质量浓度为5～15％，无铬钝化液的温度为30～50℃，无铬钝化液总流量5～10L/min；4)采用气雾喷射方式，压缩空气和无铬钝化液在喷嘴内部实现雾化，成扇形喷出，气体和液体的流量由喷嘴内部的电子阀门调节，气体流量50～200NL/min，压缩空气的压力0.3～0.6MPa；5)喷嘴喷射出气雾呈扇形，扇形角度为45°、60°或90°；6)喷嘴与镀锡板之间的距离L1为200～250mm，在喷嘴与镀锡板之间位置设置有一块带窄缝的挡板，挡板与喷嘴之间的距离L2为150～200mm，挡板上窄缝的高度为H＝(0.2～0.35)L2；7)根据机组镀锡板的宽度W，单面设置多个喷嘴n，相邻两个喷嘴之间的距离与喷嘴的扇形角A°有关，L＝(2.5～4.5)A mm，喷嘴数量n＝Int(W/L)+1；8)无铬钝化装置的喷嘴外部安装带抽风的密闭外壳中，外壳上出风管道与机组抽风系统相连，密闭外壳中的负压保持在-500～1000Pa；9)整个喷射装置由PLC控制，在接收到镀锡机组指令前，完成无铬钝化液的配置，检测系统中各检测元件参数，完成这一工作后处于待命状态，当PLC接收到喷射指令后，系统PLC根据镀锡机组发送的镀锡板速度、宽度和无铬钝化膜厚度等指令后，计算喷射系统的空气流量和无铬钝化液流量后，开始喷射作业，配液槽中的无铬钝化液通过隔膜泵自动加入到工作槽中，直至接收到停止生产指令后，完成喷射作业。
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| CN114686945A (zh) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-01 | 赣州市文祥电镀有限公司 | 一种电镀件处理设备 |
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