WO2022263398A1 - Zellverbund zum kontrollierten leiten reaktiver fluide - Google Patents
Zellverbund zum kontrollierten leiten reaktiver fluide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022263398A1 WO2022263398A1 PCT/EP2022/066079 EP2022066079W WO2022263398A1 WO 2022263398 A1 WO2022263398 A1 WO 2022263398A1 EP 2022066079 W EP2022066079 W EP 2022066079W WO 2022263398 A1 WO2022263398 A1 WO 2022263398A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- microporous layer
- catalyst layer
- microporous
- cell assembly
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004890 Hydrophobing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019592 roughness Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
- C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
- C25B11/032—Gas diffusion electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
- C25B9/75—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
- C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
- H01M4/861—Porous electrodes with a gradient in the porosity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
- H01M4/8657—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites layered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8663—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for catalytic active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/8668—Binders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8663—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for catalytic active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/8673—Electrically conductive fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8814—Temporary supports, e.g. decal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8864—Extrusion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8875—Methods for shaping the electrode into free-standing bodies, like sheets, films or grids, e.g. moulding, hot-pressing, casting without support, extrusion without support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8807—Gas diffusion layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention presented relates to a cell assembly for the controlled conduction of reactive fluids, a manufacturing method for producing the cell assembly, a fuel cell system and an electrolyzer with the cell assembly presented.
- Fuel cell systems and electrolyzers include i. i.e. R. Cell stacks of cell assemblies of different individual cells, in which reactive fluids are conducted in order to react together in the case of a fuel cell system or to be discharged separately from one another in the case of an electrolyzer.
- Each individual cell group of a cell stack consists of a large number of different layers.
- a semi-permeable separating layer e.g. a membrane, which is surrounded on two opposite sides by a catalyst layer.
- This separating layer can be an ion-conducting polymer layer that is designed to be electronically separating and permeable to water.
- a gas diffusion electrode consisting of fiber fleece and a microporous layer in the direction of the catalyst layer is used as an intermediary between the macroscopic gas channels and the microscopic flow areas of a cell network.
- a bipolar plate includes a flow field which, with a plate thickness of e.g. B. 0.1 mm and curved channels manufacturing technology web widths of about 0.1 to 0.2 mm, which are about 0.5 mm apart.
- Non-woven fabrics have mesh sizes in the range from 0.05 to 0.4 mm.
- Catalyst particles of a catalyst layer have a size in the range of less than 0.001 mm.
- a first partial composite made of membrane and catalyst layers (Carbon Coated Membrane CCM) and combined with a second partial composite, the gas diffusion layer (GDL), consisting of carbon backbone (GDB) and microporous layer (MPL).
- GDL gas diffusion layer
- GDB carbon backbone
- MPL microporous layer
- an intimate bond For the functions of mass transport, electrical conductivity and avoidance of cavities in which water can accumulate, an intimate bond must be created, i.e. the first partial bond must be intimately connected to the second partial bond. This can be done by laminating before inserting between two bipolar plates during stacking or by pressing during a stacking process.
- the catalyst layer is i. i.e. R. relatively smooth and even, especially if the catalyst layer was produced on a transfer foil and then transferred to the membrane, since the smooth side of the catalyst layer, which was previously on the transfer foil, then faces outwards, which is known as the "decal process” is known.
- An MPL layer on a GDL is usually "wavy", since the unevenness of a fiber fleece is reproduced with its large tolerances, so that when it is placed on a membrane, a flat bond cannot be achieved.
- the carbon black used in the MPL and catalyst layer is usually largely identical, so that the MPL surface is wavy but also smooth. It is hardly possible to press against the membrane before stacking, as the GDL fleece yields irregularly. When stacking, it is only possible to press in the area of the respective webs, in the area of the respective gas channels the composite lies loosely. Disclosure of Invention
- the invention presented serves in particular to provide a robust cell assembly for use in a fuel cell system or an electrolyzer.
- a cell assembly for the controlled conduction of reactive fluids comprises a membrane with a first side and a second side opposite the first side.
- a catalyst layer and a microporous layer are arranged on the first side and the second side, the microporous layer and/or the catalyst layer being/are profiled on at least one side in such a way that a surface roughness of the catalyst layer differs from a surface roughness of the microporous layer , so that the catalyst layer and the microporous layer overlap in some areas.
- a catalyst layer is to be understood as meaning a layer of a cell composite that comprises a material that minimizes a reaction enthalpy of a reaction of fluids flowing through the cell composite.
- a microporous layer is understood to be a layer of a cell composite that has pores through which fluids conducted from a bipolar plate into the cell composite are directed or guided in a controlled mass flow to or from a respective catalyst layer.
- profiling or a profiled layer is to be understood as meaning a surface of a layer that has a structure that varies in height in some areas, as is known, for example, from tire profiles.
- a profiled layer may have a pattern that includes raised and flat areas, such that the raised areas can penetrate flat areas of another layer and vice versa.
- the cell assembly presented is based on the principle that at least one of the catalyst layers and the microporous layers of a cell assembly is profiled, so that the surface roughness of the microporous layers and the surface roughness of the catalyst layers of the cell assembly differ.
- the different surface roughnesses mean that the various layers, i.e. the microporous layers and the catalyst layers, form a connection in which the contacting layers overlap in certain areas. This means that, for example, raised areas of a profile of a catalyst layer penetrate into flat areas of a microporous layer and vice versa.
- the regional superimposition of the catalyst layer and the microporous layer provided according to the invention achieves a uniform connection of the catalyst layer and the microporous layer, so that a continuous and robust contact area is created that reliably prevents delamination.
- a maximized contact area is achieved between the various layers, which interlock, for example. Due to the prevention of delamination processes by the profiling provided according to the invention, signs of aging in a cell stack, such as overloading of individual zones, are prevented and improvements in electrical contacting and heat dissipation are achieved. Furthermore, accumulations of water in poorly connected zones of a cell assembly are avoided. Accordingly, the cell assembly according to the invention leads to maximized current densities and correspondingly maximized power densities, particularly in fuel cell systems.
- the cell assembly according to the invention enables a minimization of a contact pressure applied in a cell stack and a resulting simplified construction as well as a minimized installation space requirement and a minimized weight using a compact bracing system or one that is reduced compared to the prior art.
- the microporous layer is hardened by means of a binder, so that mechanical forces acting on the microporous layer are distributed evenly in the microporous layer.
- a binder that is used in the production of the microporous layer provided according to the invention such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which means that the microporous layer does not remain flexible, as is usual in the prior art when using ductile PTFE, but hardens or becomes rigid, mechanical forces acting on the microporous layer can be distributed evenly in the microporous layer.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- a rigid microporous layer can be used to provide a profiling that is also retained during a pressing or a lamination process and particularly efficiently overlays a layer that has been contacted in each case.
- a rigid, microporous layer prevents deformation of the profiling and a mechanical force that is provided during compression is not locally damped, but rather is conducted evenly through a corresponding layer, so that the corresponding layer is particularly easy to apply, e.g. by means of a profile roller profiling is. Provision can furthermore be made for the microporous layer to be applied to a carrier layer or, in particular only, to be hardened by the binder.
- a particularly thin, microporous layer of, for example, 50 ⁇ m thickness can be provided by using a carrier layer, such as a carbon fleece.
- a so-called “free-standing microporous layer” can be provided that is particularly easy to apply, e.g. by using a profiled decal film or by using a profiling tool. such as a profile roller, is to be profiled.
- the binder to comprise electrically conductive components and/or mechanically stiffening components and/or hydrophobing agents
- a particularly efficient electrical contact between the microporous layer and a catalyst layer can be achieved by means of a binder that includes electrically conductive components, such as graphite or carbon black.
- a particularly stiff microporous layer can be provided by means of mechanically stiffening components, such as short carbon fibers or glass carbon particles, which distributes a mechanical force provided during a compression process particularly evenly within a corresponding cell composite.
- mechanically stiffening components in a microporous layer that is or was dry-pressed or extruded, for example in a casting process or with low-solvent enable a particularly uniform layer thickness that is particularly easy to profile, for example using a profiling roller.
- hydrophobing agent such as particles or threads made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or silanes
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- silanes an accumulation of water in a cell network and the resulting delamination, in particular due to the formation of water ice, can be minimized.
- components of a material forming the microporous layer are larger or smaller than components of a material forming the catalyst layer.
- microporous layer and the catalyst layer Due to different components in the microporous layer and the catalyst layer, which have different sizes, a different profiling, i.e. a different surface roughness of the microporous layer and the catalyst layer can be achieved, so that the microporous layer and the catalyst layer overlap particularly strongly or widely and an intimate connection of the microporous layer and the catalyst layer is achieved.
- the microporous layer is or is enriched with graphite components and the catalyst layer with soot components.
- the microporous layer is or becomes enriched with graphite components greater than a threshold value and the catalyst layer with soot components less than a threshold value.
- the threshold may be lpm.
- the microporous layer is particularly thick, e.g. with a thickness between 50 ⁇ m and 250 pm, preferably between 100 pm and 200 pm, particularly preferably 150 pm.
- the presented invention relates to a production method for producing a cell composite.
- the production method comprises an arrangement step for arranging a microporous layer on a catalyst layer of a membrane, the microporous layer and/or the catalyst layer being profiled on at least one side in such a way that a surface roughness of the catalyst layer differs from a surface roughness of the microporous layer, so that the catalyst layer and the microporous layer is overlapping in some areas.
- the production method according to the invention serves in particular to produce the cell composite according to the invention.
- a microporous layer and a catalyst layer are brought into contact with one another or arranged on one another. At least one of the microporous layer and the catalyst layer has a profiling so that the catalyst layer and microporous layer are intimately bonded, with the microporous layer and the catalyst layer overlapping or interlocking in regions.
- the production method comprises a providing step for providing a material forming the catalyst layer on a film which has a profile structure and/or a providing step for providing a material forming the microporous layer on a film which has a profile structure.
- the layer can be applied to a profiled foil, which has, for example, a negative of a profile of the layer.
- a material forming the layer can be pressed onto the film or cast onto the film. After the layer has been pulled off the foil, a profiled layer remains which can be further processed in the method according to the invention.
- the production method includes a profiling step for profiling the catalyst layer and/or the microporous layer using a profiling tool, and/or a profiling step for profiling the microporous layer by mixing a material forming the microporous layer using a component whose grain size is larger or smaller than the grain size of a component of the catalyst layer.
- a profiling tool such as a profile roller with a pattern such as a diamond pattern, or any other profiling tool that is technically suitable for generating a profiling, in particular a laser or a stamp
- macroscopic profiling can be achieved in which particularly rough Surfaces result that overlap accordingly and, as a result, can be heavily interlocked.
- a microporous layer with a uniform layer thickness of in particular 100 pm with profiling patterns at a distance of in particular 50 pm can be provided, so that the profiling patterns regularly provide particularly rough or deep contact points in addition to a basic roughness, which enable particularly good interlocking or overlapping.
- the respective components can have, for example, particularly large particles and/or fibers which can be, for example, 5 ⁇ m, preferably 30 ⁇ m in size and can have diameters between 5 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m.
- respective components can protrude at least partially from a surface and "roughen” or structure it accordingly.
- the number and size distribution of the respective components can be selected in such a way that a predetermined proportion of the surface of, for example, 25% is formed by the respective components that protrude beyond a base area of the surface.
- the presented invention relates to a fuel cell system with a possible configuration of the presented cell assembly.
- the presented invention relates to an electrolyzer with a possible configuration of the presented cell assembly.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the cell assembly according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of two layers of the cell assembly according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the fuel cell system according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the electrolyzer according to the invention.
- the cell composite comprises a membrane 101 with a structure made up of a catalyst layer 103, a microporous layer 105 and an optional carrier layer 107 made of carbon fleece, which is in fluid-conducting contact with a bipolar plate 109.
- the structure on the membrane 101 can be repeated on a side opposite the catalyst layer 103 , so that two fluids can flow on the membrane 101 Coming together and reacting with each other or being dissipated separately.
- the catalyst layer 103 and the microporous layer 105 are intimately connected in that the catalyst layer 103 and the microporous layer 105 overlap in a region 111.
- raised areas 113 of a profiling of the microporous layer 105 enter flat areas 115 of the catalyst layer 103, as is shown in detail in FIG.
- the profiling can be, for example, a 3D pattern, in particular a diamond pattern, which has been applied to the surface of the microporous layer 105 in some areas or over the entire surface.
- the microporous layer 105 includes coarse-grained particles 117 that maximize a surface roughness of the microporous layer 105 . Accordingly, the particles 117 also enter the area 111 and ensure a maximized contact area with the catalyst layer 103.
- the superimposition in region 111 produces a particularly large contact surface in which the catalyst layer 103 and the microporous layer 105 interlock. Accordingly, the catalyst layer 103 and the microporous layer 105 adhere to each other particularly strongly, and the catalyst layer 103 and the microporous layer 105 become difficult to separate.
- a manufacturing method 300 is shown in FIG.
- the production method comprises an arrangement step 301 for arranging a microporous layer on a catalyst layer of a membrane, the microporous layer and/or the catalyst layer being profiled in such a way that a surface roughness of the catalyst layer differs from a surface roughness of the microporous layer, so that the catalyst layer and the microporous Layer superimposed in areas.
- the manufacturing method 300 includes a provision step 303 for providing a material forming the catalyst layer on a foil having a profile structure and/or for providing a die microporous layer-forming material on a film having a profile structure.
- the production method 300 comprises a profiling step 305 for profiling the catalyst layer and/or the microporous layer by means of a profiling tool, and/or for profiling the microporous layer by mixing a material forming the microporous layer using a component whose grain size is larger or smaller than the grain size of a component of the catalyst layer.
- FIG. 4 shows a fuel cell system 400 with the cell assembly 100 according to FIG.
- the fuel cell system is particularly durable and has a high power density.
- FIG. 5 shows an electrolyzer 500 with the cell assembly 100 according to FIG.
- the electrolyzer 500 is particularly durable and efficient.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202280043096.2A CN117501481A (zh) | 2021-06-17 | 2022-06-14 | 用于受控地引导反应流体的电池复合体 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021206220.2A DE102021206220A1 (de) | 2021-06-17 | 2021-06-17 | Zellverbund zum kontrollierten Leiten reaktiver Fluide |
DE102021206220.2 | 2021-06-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022263398A1 true WO2022263398A1 (de) | 2022-12-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2022/066079 WO2022263398A1 (de) | 2021-06-17 | 2022-06-14 | Zellverbund zum kontrollierten leiten reaktiver fluide |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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CN (1) | CN117501481A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021206220A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022263398A1 (de) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140134516A1 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-05-15 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Gas diffusion layer for fuel cell |
DE102013209226A1 (de) * | 2013-03-04 | 2014-09-04 | Ihp Gmbh - Innovations For High Performance Microelectronics / Leibniz-Institut Für Innovative Mikroelektronik | Einzelelektrodenplatte zur Verwendung in einer Brennstoffzelle |
US20160322644A1 (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-11-03 | N.E. Chemcat Corporation | Electrode catalyst, composition for forming gas diffusion electrode, gas diffusion elelctrode, membrane-electrode assembly, and fuel cell stack |
DE102019217882A1 (de) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer hydrophoben mikroporösen Schicht |
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DE10145875B4 (de) | 2001-09-18 | 2010-09-16 | Daimler Ag | Membran-Elektroden-Einheit für eine selbstbefeuchtende Brennstoffzelle |
GB0711882D0 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-07-25 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst layer |
US8512908B2 (en) | 2009-05-14 | 2013-08-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fabrication of catalyst coated diffusion media layers containing nanostructured thin catalytic layers |
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2021
- 2021-06-17 DE DE102021206220.2A patent/DE102021206220A1/de active Pending
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- 2022-06-14 WO PCT/EP2022/066079 patent/WO2022263398A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-06-14 CN CN202280043096.2A patent/CN117501481A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140134516A1 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-05-15 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Gas diffusion layer for fuel cell |
DE102013209226A1 (de) * | 2013-03-04 | 2014-09-04 | Ihp Gmbh - Innovations For High Performance Microelectronics / Leibniz-Institut Für Innovative Mikroelektronik | Einzelelektrodenplatte zur Verwendung in einer Brennstoffzelle |
US20160322644A1 (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-11-03 | N.E. Chemcat Corporation | Electrode catalyst, composition for forming gas diffusion electrode, gas diffusion elelctrode, membrane-electrode assembly, and fuel cell stack |
DE102019217882A1 (de) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer hydrophoben mikroporösen Schicht |
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