WO2022261682A1 - Élément de revêtement mural présentant une surface structurée - Google Patents

Élément de revêtement mural présentant une surface structurée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022261682A1
WO2022261682A1 PCT/AT2021/060207 AT2021060207W WO2022261682A1 WO 2022261682 A1 WO2022261682 A1 WO 2022261682A1 AT 2021060207 W AT2021060207 W AT 2021060207W WO 2022261682 A1 WO2022261682 A1 WO 2022261682A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clothing
subset
clothing element
plants
height
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2021/060207
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jorge Mauricio CASIAN
Sumit NEMMANIWAR
Christoph HORNIK
Melanie KALMAN
Mary-Eve HENROTTE
Original Assignee
Epiclay Technologies Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Epiclay Technologies Gmbh filed Critical Epiclay Technologies Gmbh
Priority to PCT/AT2021/060207 priority Critical patent/WO2022261682A1/fr
Publication of WO2022261682A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022261682A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A01G9/025—Containers and elements for greening walls
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/30—Moss
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
    • A01G22/63—Orchids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A01G27/02—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0871—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having an ornamental or specially shaped visible surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall covering element, in particular for greening the exterior or interior walls of buildings.
  • Climbing plants are usually used for facade greening, which do not grow over a climbing frame or, in the case of self-climbing plants, directly up the house wall or facade. Caring for these plants is time-consuming and expensive. Depending on the environment, the plants may not be resilient enough to survive a desired length of time unscathed, or they may desirably overgrow. Also, the attachment structures for the plants are generally relatively complex and sensitive to weather influences and chemical secretions from the plants attached to them.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved wall cladding element, in particular for greening the outside or inside walls of buildings, which is stable and relatively easy to produce and can allow the growth of robust, frugal, easy-to-care-for plants.
  • the invention thus provides a clothing element that is designed for covering a wall or a facade and for growth with a plant, i which includes a surface (on a front side of the clothing element) for growing with the plant, the surface having a plurality of parallel to the surface (e.g. not parallel to straight lines, i.e. at least partially curved along their course) L takes. At least some of the plurality of veins may converge at a predetermined position at the surface.
  • the garment element may comprise a plurality of inter-aisle regions L which are raised from the bottoms of the aisles and which may be at least partially raised from the upper edges of the aisles.
  • C plants can in particular be epiphytic plants.
  • Epiphytes of epiphytes have the advantage that they can thrive without soil. Such plants extract substances from the air. Only water needs to be provided for them to thrive.
  • Plants are referred to as herbal plants or herbaceous plants that do not show any secondary thick growth and therefore do not become lignified.
  • the at least one herbal plant can in particular be a medicinal herb or culinary herb. It is also conceivable that an epiphytic plant is also a herbal plant i vice versa.
  • the clothing element can comprise a ceramic material, in particular clay ceramics, or be made of this.
  • a ceramic material enabled the provision and distribution of water to the plants using calar forces.
  • Other porous materials with properties similar to Tonke mik are conceivable.
  • the clothing element can have a length of 10 to 100 cm, in particular up to 50 cm, more particularly 15 to 33 cm, and it can have a width of 10 to 100 cm, in particular 10 to 50 cm, more particularly 15 up to cm.
  • An average thickness can be in the range from 0.5 to 10 cm, in particular from 0.5 to 5.5 cm.
  • the clothing element can be designed as a cuboid, for example square, plate or tile. Ducts can branch into other ducts. Provision can be made for all of the passages of the plurality of passages to converge at the predetermined position on the surface. It goes without saying here that a corridor branching off (branching) from a corridor directly connected to the predetermined position is also connected to the predetermined position via this corridor.
  • Such a given surface texture can be advantageous for the colonization of certain species, especially epiphytic plants. It can also be advantageous to structure the surface in such a way that each passage of the plurality of passages or a subset of the measured number of passages extends to exactly one position on an edge of the surface one and the same position at the edge of the surface.
  • the “edge” of the surface can also be understood here as an edge area, for example a circumferential Ra strip with a constant width.
  • the edge area can then be designed in an unstructured manner, ie without the aisles and intermediate aisle areas described above.
  • the area of the edge area can be many times smaller than the total area ⁇ surface area for the growth with the in particular epiphytic plant. For example, the edge area can make up less than a quarter, in particular less than a tenth, of the surface.
  • different passages can have different depths perpendicular to the surface.
  • One and the same passage can have a varying depth along its length.
  • different intermediate aisle areas can have different heights perpendicular to the upper surface.
  • One and the same intermediate aisle areas can have a varying height in its course e.
  • each of the plurality of threads can have an average depth perpendicular to the surface in a range from a minimum depth to a maximum depth, with the average depth of threads of at least a first subset of the plurality of threads differing from the middle Ti of aisles of at least a second subset of the plurality of aisles, different from the first subset, and/or each of the Me number of intermediate aisle areas can have an average height perpendicular to the surface range from a minimum height to a maximum height, where s is the average height of intermediate aisle areas of at least a first subset of the plurality of intermediate aisle areas of the average height of intermediate aisle areas of at least a second subset different from the first subset, T set of the plurality differs in intermediate aisle areas.
  • the distance z see a lowest point of the structured surface (i.e. a lowest Pu of a corridor) of the clothing element to a highest point (i.e. a highest point of an intermediate corridor area) can be in the range of 1 to 3 cm, for example 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm, lying.
  • the passages can have a maximum width of 1 to 5 mm, in particular 3 mm.
  • the width corresponds to the extent transverse to the longitudinal direction in which the respective corridor extends.
  • the width can vary in the longitudinal direction in which the respective aisle extends.
  • Increased structuring of the surface can also be achieved if each intermediate aisle area of at least a subset of the plurality of intermediate aisle areas a) has an average height perpendicular to the surface, which depends on the mean distance between two aisles delimiting the intermediate aisle area of the Me number of aisles or b) locally a height perpendicular to the surface, which depends on the local distance between two layers of the plurality of layers delimiting the intermediate layer area.
  • elevations and/or depressions i special elevations and/or depressions of a hexagonal shape, which are formed at least on a subset of the plurality of intermediate passage areas, ⁇ can be seen, so that the height of each intermediate passage area of this subset i plurality of intermediate passage areas along this Intermediate passage area varir At least a part of these elevations and/or depressions can cause a Hc have a diameter that varies perpendicularly to the surface, in particular a diameter that increases with height.
  • One or more intermediate aisle regions can comprise a ridge, from which a flank in each case extends obliquely and/or curved laterally to the respective adjoining aisle.
  • the intermediate vein regions may have a shape progressing from the adjacent veins upwards towards the crest. All intermediate gear areas can also be designed accordingly.
  • the elevations and/or depressions described above can be arranged in particular in the area of the ridge.
  • a system of a plurality of clothing elements arranged adjacent to one another is provided, each of the clothing elements being a clothing element according to one of the examples described above.
  • the predetermined position on the surface at which at least some of the plurality of threads converge can be different for clothing elements of a first subset of the number of clothing elements and for clothing elements of a second subset of the plurality of clothing elements that is different from the i first subset.
  • the plurality of clothing elements arranged adjacent to one another it can be the case that aisles of at least a subset of the aisles of the plurality of aisles of a first clothing element, which extend on one side of the first clothing element, are essentially continuous with aisles of at least a subset of the Adjoin (continue) a plurality of courses of a second garment element that extend to a side of the second garment element that is adjacent to the side of the first garment element.
  • a continuous texture can be provided with regard to the structuring through the corridors (ie the intermediate corridor areas) via adjacent clothing elements, which can be advantageous for colonization with, in particular, epiphytic plants.
  • the garment element in each of the above-described examples can have a front side, a back side opposite the front side, and four side surfaces include, and there may be openings on two opposite side surfaces; be ordered, which can be connected to a cavity or a channel or cavity system s the clothing element for supplying and distributing water.
  • the area of the front in this case is equal to the area of the back and greater than the area of each of the side faces.
  • Such plate-shaped clothing elements can be used in a variety of ways due to their simple geometry, especially in combination with other such clothing elements.
  • a sprinkling device can be provided which detects sprinkling of the structured surface of the front and/or the back of the clothing element with water.
  • the cladding element can also comprise at least one fastening element for connecting the cladding element to a substructure and/or a previous cladding element.
  • the substructure can be a substructure in the sense of a rear-ventilated curtain wall.
  • the [ cladding element can be efficiently used to form a green facade.
  • the substructure can also be a stand-alone structure, t for example a metal and/or wooden structure. In this way, for example, green room dividers can be created.
  • the at least one fastening element can be designed in the form of a recess which can be positively connected to a corresponding fastening element of the substructure.
  • the clothing element can also be formed without such fastening elements a.
  • the cladding element can then be connected to the substructure and/or wall using an adhesive, for example an adhesive, or using fasteners used during assembly.
  • a clothing element according to one of the examples described above for growing epiphytic plants and/or crawling plants is provided by providing the clothing element and applying at least one of the epiphytic plants and/or herbal plants and/or seeds and/or spores of at least some of the epiphytic Plants and / or herbs provided the surface.
  • at least some of the applied piphytic plants may be selected from a group consisting of or including mosses, fern bromeliads, cacti and orchids.
  • the application first includes the application of a mixture of mosses and Fs spores and/or cactus seeds and/or bromeliad seeds.
  • the use includes, for example, the manual or mechanical attachment of orchid and/or bromeliad and/or fern plants.
  • the certain time later can be chosen so that moss colonies have established themselves and the seeds or spores have developed to a certain extent.
  • Use can then include assembly of the clothing element some time after attachment, say a few weeks later.
  • Figure 1 shows a clothing element with aisles and intermediate aisle areas i according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a further clothing element with aisles and intermediate aisles according to a further embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows different options for a position on the surface of a clothing element, for example the clothing element shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, at which passages that are formed on the surface of the clothing element converge.
  • a clothing element which, due to its (organically structured surface, enables simple and rapid growth with piphytic plants in particular Coverage of a number of specific types of plants, in particular epiphytic plants, can be optimized.
  • Types for which the cover element can be used for cover include mosses, ferns, bromeliads (such as tillandsia), cacti and orchids.
  • the optimization can be carried out using mathematical Parameter models and repercussions with empirical experiences, for example, the design of the surface texture can be based on the texture of relatively large tree branches on which the plant species in question grows in nature.
  • the clothing element provided can be used in a wide range of climatic conditions for growth with epiphytic plants and/or herbal plants.
  • the clothing element according to the invention has aisles (graves) and intermediate aisle areas, so that a structured surface is provided on which the epiphytic plants and/or herbal plants can adhere, grow and colonize.
  • the clothing element provided can be in the form of a panel (tile), which is, for example, cuboid, for example square.
  • the length and width of the clothing element should each be in the range of 10 to 100 cm, approximately 20 to 30 cm.
  • the average thickness of the garment element can range from 0.5 to 10 cm, about 0.7 to 1.2 cm. It should be noted here that the intermediate aisle areas can generally have different heights (in the thick direction). The thickness can also be between a bottom of the garment element and an average distance of the bottom of the garment (The depth of the aisles can also vary) must be measured from the underside of the garment.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a cladding element 10.
  • C cladding element 10 is designed in the form of a square plate or tile, and it can be made of a ceramic material, in particular a (Flochtemperal) clay ceramic, or comprise such a material. The material must be designed in such a way that moisture/water can be provided and distributed by capillary forces on the surface of the clothing element 1 for growth with epiphytic plants.
  • the clothing element 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a bioreceptive structured surface on the front side V, which has passages 11 and intermediate passage regions 12 such as passages. Each intermediate gear area is bordered by two gears 11 . At least some of the aisles 11 may have different depths, and at least some of the intermediate aisle regions 12 may have different depths the fleas of an inter-aisle region vary therealong (i.e. along its extent parallel to the surface of the front V of the garment 10).
  • the distance between a lowest point of the structured surface of the front side V of the clothing element 10 and a highest Pu can be in the range of 1 to 3 cm, for example 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm.
  • all courses 11 converge at an I position P on the surface of the front side V of the garment element 10 and each course extends from this position P to exactly one position Q edge of the garment element 10, which extends from all other edge positions Q which the other aisles span is different.
  • the clothing element 10 can have, for example, 60 to 100 such courses 11 .
  • at least some of the intermediate passage areas 12 can have elevations 1, in particular in a hexagonal shape, in order to structure the intermediate passage areas 12 vter and possibly further facilitate the attachment, growth and colonization of epiptic plants.
  • the surface of the front V of the clothing element 10 shown as an example in Figure 1 has proven to be suitable for growth with epiphytic plants Dung elements are applied, and they can adhere well to the structured Ob surface and grow on it.
  • the clothing element 10 also has glazed side areas S.
  • the flea lateral range may be in the range of 0.6 to 1.2 cm, about 0.8 to 1 cm.
  • FIG. 2 shows another example of an embodiment of a clothing element 20.
  • the surface of the front side V of the clothing element 20 can be structured in the same way as the surface of the front side V of the clothing element 10 shown in FIG. 1. Material and dimensions can also be chosen as for the clothing element 10 shown in FIG.
  • the clothing element 20 shown in FIG. 2 has openings 25 which lead to a flea room or sewage system or flea room system running in the clothing element. Water can be supplied via openings 25 and the flea room or the sewage system or FHc room system, which water can be supplied via capillary forces to the surface of the front side V of the clothing element 20 and can thus be provided for the epiphytic plants to grow.
  • the underside of the cladding element 20 can be glazed like the side areas S.
  • cutouts 26 for mounting the cladding element are shown in FIG. In this context it should be mentioned that both the cladding element 10 shown in FIG. 1 and the cladding element 20 shown in FIG. Direct assembly can be done using mortar or adhesive.
  • the recesses 26 shown in FIG. 2 can be used for mounting on a substructure/support structure.
  • Each of the clothing elements 10, 20 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 1 can be viewed as a module of a system of several clothing elements adjacent to one another.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 for example, all of the courses of the structured surface of the front face V converge at a position P.
  • the position can be varied.
  • the position P can vary from one clothing element of a system of clothing elements to an adjacent clothing element of the system of clothing elements.
  • Figure 3 ver illustrates a variation of the position P.
  • Figure 3 shows (without texture) a top view of the laterally delimited by side areas S front side V of a clothing element, for example a clothing element 10 shown in Figure 1 or a clothing element 20 shown in Figure 2.
  • individual modules of a system of clothing elements can be designed and selected such that, at least for some clothing elements, aisles of clothing elements that are adjacent to one another essentially merge into one another in a conical manner.
  • the design of the individual clothing elements can be done in particular with the help of computer programs/models.
  • An adaptation to certain environmental properties, plant species and installation conditions can be carried out by suitable parameter variations.
  • clothing elements can be formed using appropriate forms in which are burned, take place.
  • the surface texture can be formed at least partially by 3D printing, which enables cost-effective and efficient production.
  • herbal plants can also be used as an alternative or in addition to the epiphytic plants.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un élément de revêtement mural qui est conçu pour recouvrir un mur ou une façade et pour qu'une plante pousse dessus, et qui a une surface pour qu'une plante pousse dessus, la surface comprenant une pluralité de canaux s'étendant parallèlement à la surface et une pluralité de régions inter-canaux situées entre les canaux, et au moins certains canaux de la pluralité de canaux convergeant dans une position définie sur la surface.
PCT/AT2021/060207 2021-06-17 2021-06-17 Élément de revêtement mural présentant une surface structurée WO2022261682A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/AT2021/060207 WO2022261682A1 (fr) 2021-06-17 2021-06-17 Élément de revêtement mural présentant une surface structurée

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/AT2021/060207 WO2022261682A1 (fr) 2021-06-17 2021-06-17 Élément de revêtement mural présentant une surface structurée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022261682A1 true WO2022261682A1 (fr) 2022-12-22

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2733428A1 (de) * 1977-07-23 1979-02-01 Dieter Schempp Verfahren zur bewachsung von fassaden, mauern und waenden unter verwendung von mit lebenden pflanzen bewachsenen oder durchwachsenen kunststoffplatten oder -matten
DE29909177U1 (de) * 1999-05-26 1999-09-02 Pink, Hans, 56736 Kottenheim Fassaden- und Mauerbegrünung
KR101187406B1 (ko) * 2012-04-10 2012-10-08 주식회사 에코밸리 이끼 패널과 이를 이용한 인공 구조물의 녹화방법
US20170006788A1 (en) * 2014-01-15 2017-01-12 Suntory Holdings Limited Planting unit and planter
US20200359585A1 (en) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-19 Eran Zarhi Tessellated Ceramic Apparatus for Plant Growth

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2733428A1 (de) * 1977-07-23 1979-02-01 Dieter Schempp Verfahren zur bewachsung von fassaden, mauern und waenden unter verwendung von mit lebenden pflanzen bewachsenen oder durchwachsenen kunststoffplatten oder -matten
DE29909177U1 (de) * 1999-05-26 1999-09-02 Pink, Hans, 56736 Kottenheim Fassaden- und Mauerbegrünung
KR101187406B1 (ko) * 2012-04-10 2012-10-08 주식회사 에코밸리 이끼 패널과 이를 이용한 인공 구조물의 녹화방법
US20170006788A1 (en) * 2014-01-15 2017-01-12 Suntory Holdings Limited Planting unit and planter
US20200359585A1 (en) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-19 Eran Zarhi Tessellated Ceramic Apparatus for Plant Growth

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