WO2022259664A1 - 電池および電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
電池および電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022259664A1 WO2022259664A1 PCT/JP2022/010445 JP2022010445W WO2022259664A1 WO 2022259664 A1 WO2022259664 A1 WO 2022259664A1 JP 2022010445 W JP2022010445 W JP 2022010445W WO 2022259664 A1 WO2022259664 A1 WO 2022259664A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pair
- counter electrode
- electrode layer
- layer
- laminate
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
- H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a battery and a method of manufacturing a battery.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose configurations related to the side surfaces of all-solid-state batteries.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery and a battery manufacturing method that achieve both high reliability and high productivity.
- a battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a power generation element having a structure in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, each including an electrode layer, a counter electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer positioned between the electrode layer and the counter electrode layer.
- the power generating element has a first pair of side surfaces that are a pair of facing side surfaces and a second pair of side surfaces that are a pair of facing side surfaces that are different from the first pair of side surfaces; On each of the pair of side surfaces, at least one of the plurality of battery cells is provided with a recess in which the solid electrolyte layer is recessed with respect to the electrode layer and the counter electrode layer, and the surface of each of the second pair of side surfaces The roughness Rz 2 is less than the surface roughness Rz 1 of each side surface of said first pair.
- a method for manufacturing a battery includes cutting at least one first laminate including an electrode layer, a counter electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer positioned between the electrode layer and the counter electrode layer.
- a first cutting step of forming a first pair of cut surfaces which are a pair of cut surfaces facing each other, in each of the plurality of second laminates
- FIG. 1 is a top view of a battery according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional structure of the battery according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another cross-sectional configuration of the battery according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a top view of a battery according to Modification 1 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a battery according to Modification 1 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another cross-sectional configuration of the battery according to Modification 1 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a top view of a battery according to Modification 2 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a top view of a battery according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional structure of the battery according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another cross-sectional configuration of the
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a battery according to Modification 2 of the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing an example of a method for manufacturing a battery according to the embodiment or modification.
- FIG. 10 is a top view of a first laminate used in the method of manufacturing a battery according to the embodiment or modification.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a first laminate used in a method for manufacturing a battery according to an embodiment or a modified example.
- FIG. 12 is a top view of a third laminate used in the method for manufacturing a battery according to the embodiment or modification.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a third laminate used in the method for manufacturing a battery according to the embodiment or the modified example.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing another cross-sectional configuration of the third laminate used in the battery manufacturing method according to the embodiment or the modification.
- the current collector is stretched and used as an extraction terminal for extracting current to the outside. If the current collector does not protrude from the active material layer or the like on the side surface, the current collector cannot be used as an extraction terminal. In particular, in the case of a stacked battery in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, it is difficult to extract current from collectors other than the uppermost and lowermost current collectors. For this reason, for example, it is necessary to arrange an extraction terminal separate from the current collector on the side surface of the power generation element in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked.
- a battery according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a power generation element having a structure in which a plurality of battery cells each including an electrode layer, a counter electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer positioned between the electrode layer and the counter electrode layer are stacked.
- the power generation element has a first pair of side surfaces that are a pair of facing side surfaces and a second pair of side surfaces that are a pair of facing side surfaces that are different from the first pair of side surfaces, and On each of the pair of side surfaces, at least one of the plurality of battery cells is provided with a recess in which the solid electrolyte layer is recessed with respect to the electrode layer and the counter electrode layer, and surface roughness of each of the second pair of side surfaces is provided.
- the roughness Rz 2 is less than the surface roughness Rz 1 of each side surface of said first pair.
- the electrode layer and the counter electrode layer at the portions protruding beyond the solid electrolyte layer in the recesses are likely to be damaged and collapse. , the collapsed material is likely to come into contact with the extraction terminal and cause a short circuit.
- the electrode layer or the counter electrode layer cannot be covered by the insulating member because the solid electrolyte layer recedes in the concave portion. It is difficult to cover, and there is a possibility that poor coverage may occur.
- the side surfaces of the second pair are flatter than the side surfaces of the first pair, when the terminal electrodes are provided, the collapse and poor covering of the insulating member as described above are less likely to occur, thereby suppressing the occurrence of short circuits. can.
- the power generation element has a first pair of side surfaces that can be formed efficiently, and also has a second pair of side surfaces that can suppress the occurrence of a short circuit even if the extraction terminals are provided. Therefore, the battery according to this aspect can achieve both high reliability and high productivity.
- the battery covers the counter electrode layer on a first side surface, which is one of the second pair of side surfaces, and has a first terminal electrode electrically connected to the counter electrode layer. You may have more.
- the first terminal electrodes are provided on the second pair of side surfaces that are flatter than the first pair of side surfaces, short circuits via the first terminal electrodes due to unevenness of the side surfaces are suppressed.
- the battery may further include a first insulating member covering the electrode layer on the first side surface.
- first insulating member is provided on the second pair of side surfaces that are flatter than the first pair of side surfaces, poor coverage of the first insulating member due to unevenness of the side surfaces is less likely to occur.
- the first terminal electrode may cover the first insulating member.
- the first terminal electrode is positioned outside the first insulating member, and current can be easily extracted from the first side surface of the power generating element. Therefore, for example, wiring for connecting to the first terminal electrode can be simplified, and wiring defects are less likely to occur.
- the first insulating member may cover at least part of the solid electrolyte layer on the first side surface.
- the electrode layer can cover the first insulating member even when there is variation in the size of the first insulating member. It is possible to suppress exposure without breaking.
- the battery covers the electrode layer on a second side surface, which is the other side surface of the second pair of side surfaces, and has a second terminal electrode electrically connected to the electrode layer. You may have more.
- the second terminal electrodes are provided on the second pair of side surfaces that are flatter than the first pair of side surfaces, short circuits via the second terminal electrodes due to the unevenness of the side surfaces are suppressed.
- the first terminal electrode is provided on the first side surface and the second terminal electrode is provided on the second side surface facing the first side surface, the first terminal electrode and the second terminal electrode are provided on the first side surface. It becomes difficult to contact, and a short circuit can be suppressed.
- terminal electrodes electrically connected to each of the electrode layer and the counter electrode layer may not be provided on each of the first pair of side surfaces.
- the battery may further include a second insulating member covering a third side surface, which is one of the first pair of side surfaces.
- the second insulating member may enter the recess.
- the length of each side surface of the second pair may be longer than the length of each side surface of the first pair. good.
- the recess may have a tapered shape.
- the angles of the corners of the concave portions are increased, the electrode layer and the counter electrode layer are less likely to collapse, and short circuits due to collapse can be suppressed.
- the solid electrolyte layer may contain a solid electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity.
- At least one first laminate including an electrode layer, a counter electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer positioned between the electrode layer and the counter electrode layer is cut.
- a first cutting step for forming a plurality of second laminates by cutting the at least one first laminate so as to collectively cut the electrode layer, the counter electrode layer, and the solid electrolyte layer a first cutting step of forming a first pair of cut surfaces, which are a pair of cut surfaces facing each other, in each of the plurality of second laminates by cutting each of the plurality of second laminates; a lamination step of forming a third laminate by laminating the plurality of second laminates so that the cut surfaces of the first pair of face the same direction; and cutting the third laminate a second cutting step of forming a fourth laminate by cutting the third laminate so as to collectively cut the plurality of second laminates, thereby cutting the third laminate; and a second cutting step of forming a second pair of cut surfaces,
- the first cutting step by cutting at least one first laminate, a plurality of second laminates can be efficiently manufactured.
- the plurality of second laminates are laminated such that the cut surfaces of the second pairs of the plurality of second laminates face the same direction.
- the surface can be used for the side of the power generation element of the manufactured battery, and the number of cutting times can be reduced.
- the plurality of laminated second laminates are cut together, so that the second pair of cut surfaces with less irregularities can be formed.
- the reliability of the battery can be improved by providing the terminal electrodes on the second pair of cut surfaces. Therefore, the method for manufacturing a battery according to this aspect can achieve both high battery reliability and high productivity.
- the at least one first laminate is cut while being pressed in the stacking direction with a first pressure
- the third laminate is cut. may be cut without applying pressure in the stacking direction, or while pressing the third stack in the stacking direction with a second pressure smaller than the first pressure.
- the first laminate is cut while being pressed in the stacking direction with the first pressure, so that the first laminate can be cut with high positional accuracy and in a short time.
- the pressure and load applied to the third laminate are smaller than the first pressure. elongation is suppressed, and recesses are less likely to form after pressure and load release. Thus, a flatter second pair of cut surfaces is formed.
- the at least one laminate is one laminate, and in the first cutting step, the one first laminate is cut and divided into a plurality of laminates, thereby A plurality of second laminates may be formed.
- a plurality of second laminates can be formed using one first laminate that is produced at once, so the productivity of the battery can be improved.
- each figure is a schematic diagram and is not necessarily strictly illustrated. Therefore, for example, scales and the like do not necessarily match in each drawing. Moreover, in each figure, substantially the same configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are omitted or simplified.
- the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis indicate three axes of a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system.
- the x-axis and the y-axis respectively correspond to the directions parallel to the first side of the rectangle and the second side orthogonal to the first side when the power generating element of the battery has a rectangular plan view shape.
- the z-axis coincides with the stacking direction of the plurality of battery cells included in the power generation element.
- the "stacking direction" corresponds to the direction normal to the main surfaces of the current collector and the active material layer.
- planar view refers to a view from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the power generation element, unless otherwise specified.
- plane view of a certain surface such as “plane view of the side surface”
- the terms “upper” and “lower” do not refer to the upward direction (vertically upward) and the downward direction (vertically downward) in absolute spatial recognition, but are based on the stacking order in the stacking structure. It is used as a term defined by a relative positional relationship. Also, the terms “above” and “below” are used only when two components are spaced apart from each other and there is another component between them, as well as when two components are spaced apart from each other. It also applies when two components are in contact with each other and are placed in close contact with each other. In the following description, the negative side of the z-axis is called “lower” or “lower”, and the positive side of the z-axis is called “upper” or “upper”.
- FIG. 1 is a top view of battery 1 according to the embodiment.
- 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing cross-sectional structures of the battery 1 according to the embodiment. 2 shows a cross section along line II-II of FIG. Also, FIG. 3 shows a cross section taken along line III-III of FIG.
- the battery 1 includes a power generation element 10 having a structure in which a plurality of battery cells 100 are stacked.
- the battery 1 is, for example, an all-solid battery.
- the plan view shape of the power generation element 10 is, for example, a rectangle.
- the shape of the power generation element 10 is, for example, a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- flat means that the thickness (that is, the length in the z-axis direction) is shorter than each side (that is, each length in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction) or the maximum width of the main surface.
- the plan view shape of the power generation element 10 may be a square, a parallelogram, a rhombus, or any other quadrangle, or a hexagon, octagon, or any other polygon.
- the shape of the power generation element 10 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, it may be another shape such as a cubic shape, a truncated square pyramid shape, or a polygonal columnar shape.
- the thickness of each layer is exaggerated in order to make the layer structure of the power generation element 10 easier to understand.
- the power generation element 10 includes a pair of opposing side surfaces 11 and 12, which is an example of a first pair of side surfaces, and a second pair of side surfaces that is different from the first pair of side surfaces. It has a pair of opposing side surfaces 21 and 22 and two main surfaces 31 and 32, which are an example of. Side 21 is an example of a first side, and side 22 is an example of a second side. Side 11 is an example of a third side.
- the side surfaces 11, 12, 21 and 22 are surfaces parallel to the stacking direction (normal direction of the main surfaces 31 and 32). At least one of the side surfaces 11, 12, 21 and 22 may be inclined with respect to the stacking direction.
- Each of the side surfaces 11, 12, 21 and 22 is, for example, a cutting surface.
- each of the side surfaces 11, 12, 21 and 22 is a surface formed by cutting with a cutting blade or the like, and is a surface having cut marks such as fine grooves, for example.
- the sides 11 and 12 of the first pair of sides are facing away from each other and parallel to each other.
- the shapes and sizes of the side surfaces 11 and 12 are the same, and the contours of the side surfaces 11 match when viewed from above.
- the second pair of sides, sides 21 and 22, are facing away from each other and parallel to each other.
- the shapes and sizes of the side surfaces 21 and 22 are the same, and the contours of the side surfaces 21 and 22 match when viewed from above.
- the side surfaces 11 and 12 and the side surfaces 21 and 22 are, for example, perpendicular to each other.
- the side surfaces of the power generation element 10 are composed of side surfaces 11 and 12 parallel to each other and side surfaces 21 and 22 parallel to each other.
- the main surfaces 31 and 32 face each other and are parallel to each other.
- the main surface 31 is the top surface of the power generation element 10 .
- the main surface 32 is the bottom surface of the power generation element 10 .
- the main surfaces 31 and 32 are, for example, rectangular and have two pairs of parallel sides, that is, a pair of short sides and a pair of long sides.
- the length of the side surfaces 21 and 22 is longer than the length of the side surfaces 11 and 12 in the direction along the outer circumference of the power generation element 10 when viewed from the stacking direction.
- side surfaces 11 and 12 are side surfaces that include the short sides of main surface 31
- side surfaces 21 and 22 are side surfaces that include the long sides of main surface 31 .
- side surfaces 21 and 22 for connecting lead terminals while suppressing the occurrence of a short circuit are enlarged, so that electrical resistance in connection of the lead terminals can be reduced.
- the power generation element 10 has a plurality of battery cells 100.
- the battery cell 100 is a battery with a minimum configuration and is also called a unit cell.
- a plurality of battery cells 100 are stacked so as to be electrically connected in parallel. In the present embodiment, all battery cells 100 included in power generation element 10 are electrically connected in parallel.
- the number of battery cells 100 included in the power generation element 10 is four, but the number is not limited to this.
- the number of battery cells 100 included in the power generation element 10 may be an even number such as two or six, or an odd number such as three or five.
- Each of the plurality of battery cells 100 includes an electrode layer 110 , a counter electrode layer 120 , and a solid electrolyte layer 130 located between the electrode layer 110 and the counter electrode layer 120 .
- the electrode layer 110 has an electrode current collector 111 and an electrode active material layer 112 .
- the counter electrode layer 120 has a counter electrode current collector 121 and a counter electrode active material layer 122 .
- an electrode current collector 111, an electrode active material layer 112, a solid electrolyte layer 130, a counter electrode active material layer 122 and a counter electrode current collector 121 are laminated in this order along the z-axis.
- the electrode layer 110 is one of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer of the battery cell 100 .
- the counter electrode layer 120 is the other of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer of the battery cell 100 .
- the electrode layer 110 is a negative electrode layer and the counter electrode layer 120 is a positive electrode layer.
- the electrode layer 110 may be the positive electrode layer, and the counter electrode layer 120 may be the negative electrode layer.
- the configurations of the plurality of battery cells 100 are substantially the same. In two battery cells 100 adjacent to each other, the order of arrangement of each layer constituting the battery cell 100 is reversed. That is, the plurality of battery cells 100 are stacked side by side along the z-axis while the order of the layers constituting the battery cells 100 alternates. Therefore, the plurality of battery cells 100 are stacked such that the same poles of adjacent battery cells 100 are connected to each other. Specifically, the electrode current collectors 111 or the counter electrode current collectors 121 of the adjacent battery cells 100 are in contact and electrically connected. Adjacent battery cells 100 may be stacked via an adhesive layer made of a conductive adhesive or the like. Adjacent battery cells 100 may share one electrode current collector 111 or one counter electrode current collector 121 .
- the electrode active material layers 112 may be in contact with both main surfaces of one electrode current collector 111
- the counter electrode active material layers 122 may be in contact with both main surfaces of one counter electrode current collector 121 .
- the bottom layer and the top layer of power generation element 10 are current collectors of the same polarity.
- the solid electrolyte layer 130 is arranged between the electrode active material layer 112 and the counter electrode active material layer 122 . Solid electrolyte layer 130 is in contact with each of electrode active material layer 112 and counter electrode active material layer 122 .
- the thickness of the solid electrolyte layer 130 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less.
- the solid electrolyte layer 130 contains at least a solid electrolyte and, if necessary, may contain a binder material.
- the solid electrolyte layer 130 may contain a solid electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity.
- a known material such as a lithium ion conductor, a sodium ion conductor, or a magnesium ion conductor can be used as the solid electrolyte.
- a solid electrolyte material such as a sulfide solid electrolyte, a halogen-based solid electrolyte, or an oxide solid electrolyte is used as the solid electrolyte.
- a sulfide solid electrolyte in the case of a material capable of conducting lithium ions, for example, a composite of lithium sulfide (Li 2 S) and phosphorus pentasulfide (P 2 S 5 ) is used.
- a sulfide such as Li 2 S—SiS 2 , Li 2 S—B 2 S 3 or Li 2 S—GeS 2 may be used.
- a sulfide to which at least one of 3 N, LiCl, LiBr, Li 3 PO 4 and Li 4 SiO 4 is added may be used.
- the oxide solid electrolyte in the case of a material capable of conducting lithium ions, for example, Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZ), Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (LATP) Alternatively, (La, Li) TiO 3 (LLTO) or the like is used.
- LLZ Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12
- LATP Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3
- (La, Li) TiO 3 (LLTO) or the like is used.
- binder material for example, elastomers are used, and organic compounds such as polyvinylidene fluoride, acrylic resin, or cellulose resin may be used.
- Electrode active material layer 112 is in contact with the main surface of the electrode current collector 111 .
- the electrode current collector 111 may include a current collector layer, which is a layer containing a conductive material and provided in a portion in contact with the electrode active material layer 112 .
- a counter electrode active material layer 122 is in contact with the main surface of the counter electrode current collector 121 .
- the counter electrode current collector 121 may include a current collector layer that is a layer containing a conductive material and provided in a portion in contact with the counter electrode active material layer 122 .
- materials for the electrode current collector 111 and the counter electrode current collector 121 known materials can be used.
- materials for the electrode current collector 111 and the counter electrode current collector 121 include foils and plates made of copper, aluminum, nickel, iron, stainless steel, platinum, gold, or alloys of two or more of these.
- a shaped body or a mesh shaped body is used.
- the thickness of each of the electrode current collector 111 and the counter electrode current collector 121 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, but is not limited thereto.
- the electrode layer 110 may not include the electrode current collector 111.
- the electrode layer 110 of another battery cell 100 or the current collector of the counter electrode layer 120, an extraction terminal, or the other battery. may function as a current collector of the electrode active material layer 112 . That is, the electrode layer 110 may include only the electrode active material layer 112 out of the electrode current collector 111 and the electrode active material layer 112 .
- the counter electrode layer 120 may not include the counter electrode current collector 121.
- the electrode layer 110 of the other battery cell 100 or the current collector of the counter electrode layer 120, the take-out terminal, or the may function as a current collector of the counter electrode active material layer 122 . That is, the counter electrode layer 120 may include only the counter electrode active material layer 122 out of the counter electrode current collector 121 and the counter electrode active material layer 122 .
- the electrode active material layer 112 is arranged on the main surface of the electrode current collector 111 on the counter electrode layer 120 side.
- the electrode active material layer 112 is arranged to face the counter electrode active material layer 122 .
- the thickness of the electrode active material layer 112 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, but is not limited thereto.
- the electrode active material layer 112 contains at least a negative electrode active material, and if necessary, may contain at least one of a solid electrolyte, a conductive aid, and a binder material.
- a known material capable of intercalating and deintercalating (inserting and deintercalating or dissolving and precipitating) lithium ions, sodium ions or magnesium ions can be used.
- examples include carbon materials such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, graphite carbon fiber or resin-baked carbon, metallic lithium, lithium alloys, or lithium and transition metals. An oxide with an element or the like is used.
- the above solid electrolyte material can be used as the solid electrolyte.
- Conductive materials such as acetylene black, carbon black, graphite, and carbon fiber are used as conductive aids.
- the binder material the binder material described above can be used.
- the electrode active material layer 112 is produced by coating the main surface of the electrode current collector 111 with a paste-like paint in which the material contained in the electrode active material layer 112 is kneaded together with a solvent and drying it.
- the electrode layer 110 also referred to as an electrode plate
- the electrode active material layer 112 and the electrode current collector 111 may be pressed after drying.
- the counter electrode active material layer 122 is arranged on the main surface of the counter electrode current collector 121 on the electrode layer 110 side.
- the thickness of the counter electrode active material layer 122 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, but is not limited thereto.
- the counter electrode active material layer 122 contains at least a positive electrode active material, and if necessary, may contain at least one of a solid electrolyte, a conductive aid and a binder material.
- the positive electrode active material known materials that can occlude and release (insert and desorb, or dissolve and precipitate) lithium ions, sodium ions, or magnesium ions can be used.
- the positive electrode active material in the case of a material that can desorb and insert lithium ions, examples include lithium cobaltate composite oxide (LCO), lithium nickelate composite oxide (LNO), lithium manganate composite oxide (LMO), ), lithium-manganese-nickel composite oxide (LMNO), lithium-manganese-cobalt composite oxide (LMCO), lithium-nickel-cobalt composite oxide (LNCO) or lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt composite oxide (LNMCO ) are used.
- LCO lithium cobaltate composite oxide
- LNO lithium nickelate composite oxide
- LMO lithium manganate composite oxide
- LMNO lithium-manganese-nickel composite oxide
- LMCO lithium-manganese-cobalt composite oxide
- LNCO lithium-nickel-cobalt composite
- the above solid electrolyte material can be used as the solid electrolyte.
- the above-described conductive material can be used as the conductive aid.
- the binder material the binder material described above can be used.
- the counter electrode active material layer 122 is produced by applying a paste-like paint in which the material contained in the counter electrode active material layer 122 is kneaded together with a solvent onto the main surface of the counter electrode current collector 121 and drying it.
- the counter electrode layer 120 also referred to as a counter electrode plate
- the counter electrode active material layer 122 and the counter electrode current collector 121 may be pressed after drying.
- the electrode active material layer 112, the counter electrode active material layer 122, and the solid electrolyte layer 130 are maintained in the form of parallel plates. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks or collapse due to bending. Note that the electrode active material layer 112, the counter electrode active material layer 122, and the solid electrolyte layer 130 may be combined and smoothly curved.
- the side surface on the side surface 21 side of solid electrolyte layer 130 and the side surface on the side surface 21 side of each of electrode current collector 111, electrode active material layer 112, counter electrode active material layer 122, and counter electrode current collector 121 are used. are the same when viewed from the z-axis direction. The same applies to the side surfaces of the electrode current collector 111 , the electrode active material layer 112 , the solid electrolyte layer 130 , the counter electrode active material layer 122 and the counter electrode current collector 121 on the side surface 22 side.
- the side surface of the solid electrolyte layer 130 on the side surface 11 side is the side surface 11 of each of the electrode current collector 111, the electrode active material layer 112, the counter electrode active material layer 122, and the counter electrode current collector 121 Located inward from the lateral side.
- electrode current collector 111, electrode active material layer 112, counter electrode active material layer 122, and counter electrode current collector 121 have the same shape and size, and when viewed from the z-axis direction, each Contours match.
- the side surfaces of the plurality of battery cells 100 are connected to each of the side surfaces 11, 12, 21, and 22, and no step is formed at the boundary between the adjacent battery cells 100. . Note that the side surfaces 11 and 12 of the plurality of battery cells 100 do not have to be connected to each other.
- the side surfaces of the electrode current collector 111, the electrode active material layer 112, the solid electrolyte layer 130, the counter electrode active material layer 122 and the counter electrode current collector 121 are exposed.
- the electrode current collector 111, the electrode active material layer 112, the solid electrolyte layer 130, the counter electrode active material layer 122, and the counter electrode current collector 121 are arranged so as not to overlap each other when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction.
- the exposed side surface may be covered with a lead-out terminal, an insulating member, or the like.
- the above-mentioned "exposed" means that each layer laminated in the power generation element 10 does not cover the side surface of other layers.
- each of the plurality of battery cells 100 includes an electrode layer 110 and a counter electrode layer 120 , specifically, an electrode active material layer 112 and a counter electrode active material layer 122 .
- Recesses 101 and 102 in which solid electrolyte layer 130 is recessed are provided.
- Each of the recesses 101 and 102 is a recess having a stepped shape.
- a recess 101 is provided on the side surface 11 and a recess 102 is provided on the side surface 12 .
- the stack in which each layer of the battery cell 100 is stacked is pressed in the stacking direction and cut.
- recesses 101 and 102 in which solid electrolyte layer 130 recedes with respect to electrode active material layer 112 and counter electrode active material layer 122 are formed on the cut surfaces.
- the productivity of the battery 1 can be improved by using such cut surfaces as the side surfaces 11 and 12 as they are. The details of the method for cutting the laminate will be described later.
- each of the recesses 101 and 102 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- side surfaces 21 and 22 are not provided with recesses.
- Sides 21 and 22 are each substantially flat surfaces.
- the surface roughness Rz 2 of each side 21 and 22 is less than the surface roughness Rz 1 of each side 11 and 12 . That is, sides 21 and 22, respectively, are less uneven or substantially free of unevenness than sides 11 and 12, respectively.
- the surface roughnesses Rz 1 and Rz 2 are ten-point average roughness measured by a measuring method based on JIS B0601 1994.
- the recess is provided by cutting under a method or condition that makes the cut surface flat. A cut surface is formed. The details of the method for cutting the laminate will be described later.
- side surfaces 21 and 22 may be provided with recesses having a depth smaller than recesses 101 and 102 .
- the surface roughness Rz1 of each of the side surfaces 11 and 12 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface roughness Rz2 of each of the side surfaces 21 and 22 is, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m or more and less than 5 ⁇ m.
- the power generation element 10 of the battery 1 has side surfaces 11 and 12 provided with recesses 101 and 102 and side surfaces 21 and 22 that are flatter than the side surfaces 11 and 12 .
- a lead terminal or the like is electrically connected to each of the electrode layers 110 and the counter electrode layers 120 of the plurality of battery cells 100 .
- the extraction terminal electrically connected to one of the electrode layer 110 and the counter electrode layer 120 is also electrically connected to the other, a short circuit occurs.
- electrode layer 110 and counter electrode layer 120 at portions protruding from solid electrolyte layer 130 in recesses 101 and 102 are likely to break and collapse. short circuit due to contact with Further, even when one of the adjacent electrode layer 110 and counter electrode layer 120 is covered with an insulating member so that the lead terminals do not come into contact with each other, the solid electrolyte layer 130 recedes in the concave portions 101 and 102, so that the electrode layer 110 Alternatively, it may be difficult to cover the counter electrode layer 120 with an insulating member, resulting in poor coverage. On the other hand, since the side surfaces 21 and 22 are flatter than the side surfaces 11 and 12, when the terminal electrodes are provided, the collapse and poor covering of the insulating member as described above are less likely to occur, and the occurrence of short circuits can be suppressed.
- the power generation element 10 has side surfaces 11 and 12 that can be formed efficiently, and also has side surfaces 21 and 22 that can suppress the occurrence of a short circuit even if the extraction terminals are provided. Therefore, the battery 1 can achieve both high reliability and high productivity.
- extraction terminals can also be used for monitoring the voltage of each battery cell 100 of the power generating element 10, and the like.
- Modification 1 Next, Modification 1 of the embodiment will be described. In the following description of the modified example, the differences from the embodiment will be mainly described, and the description of the common points will be omitted or simplified.
- FIG. 4 is a top view of the battery 2 according to this modified example.
- 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views showing the cross-sectional configuration of the battery 2 according to this modification.
- 5 shows a cross section taken along line VV of FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross section taken along line VI-VI of FIG.
- the battery 2 includes a counter electrode terminal 51, an electrode terminal 52, and insulating members 61, 62, 63 and 64 in addition to the structure of the battery 1 according to the embodiment.
- the battery 2 includes the power generation element 10 , the counter electrode terminal 51 , the electrode terminal 52 , and the insulating members 61 , 62 , 63 and 64 .
- the counter electrode terminal 51 is an example of a first terminal electrode.
- the electrode terminal 52 is an example of a second terminal electrode.
- the insulating member 61 is an example of a first insulating member.
- the insulating member 63 is an example of a second insulating member.
- the side surfaces 11 and 12 are not provided with extraction terminals electrically connected to the electrode layer 110 and the counter electrode layer 120, such as the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52, respectively. As a result, occurrence of a short circuit through the lead terminals due to recesses 101 and 102 can be prevented.
- the insulating member 63 covers the side surface 11 and enters the recess 101 . Specifically, the insulating member 63 covers the entire surface of the side surface 11 .
- the side surface 11 is, for example, covered only with the insulating member 63 and is in contact only with the insulating member 63 .
- the side surface 11 is protected, and the electrode active material layer 112 and the counter electrode active material layer 122, which are easily damaged due to the formation of the concave portion 101, can be prevented from being damaged. Further, since the insulating member 63 enters the concave portion 101, the bonding strength between the side surface 11 and the insulating member 63 is improved. In addition, the insulating member 63 is less likely to separate from the side surface 11 against stress in the z-axis direction.
- the insulating member 63 covers the ends of the main surface 31 and the main surface 32 in the vicinity of the upper and lower ends of the side surface 11 .
- the insulating member 63 suppresses the peeling of the counter electrode current collector 121 .
- the insulating member 64 covers the side surface 12 and enters the recess 102 . Specifically, the insulating member 64 covers the entire surface of the side surface 12 .
- the side surface 12 is, for example, covered only with the insulating member 64 and is in contact only with the insulating member 64 .
- the side surface 12 is protected, and the electrode active material layer 112 and the counter electrode active material layer 122, which are easily damaged by the formation of the recess 102, can be prevented from being damaged.
- the insulating member 64 enters the concave portion 102, the bonding strength between the side surface 12 and the insulating member 64 is improved. Moreover, the insulating member 64 is less likely to separate from the side surface 12 against stress from the z-axis direction.
- the insulating member 64 covers the ends of the main surface 31 and the ends of the main surface 32 in the vicinity of the upper and lower ends of the side surface 12 .
- the insulating member 64 suppresses the peeling of the counter electrode current collector 121 .
- the insulating member 61 covers the electrode layer 110 on the side surface 21 . Specifically, insulating member 61 completely covers electrode current collector 111 and electrode active material layer 112 included in electrode layer 110 on side surface 21 .
- the insulating member 61 covers the electrode layer 110 of each of the plurality of battery cells 100 on the side surface 21 .
- the insulating member 61 does not cover at least part of the counter electrode layer 120 of each of the plurality of battery cells 100 .
- insulating member 61 does not cover counter electrode layer 120 of each of battery cells 100 .
- the insulating member 61 has, for example, a stripe shape when the side surface 21 is viewed in plan.
- the insulating member 61 continuously covers the electrode layers 110 of the two adjacent battery cells 100 . Specifically, the insulating member 61 extends from at least a portion of one solid electrolyte layer 130 of two adjacent battery cells 100 to at least a portion of the other solid electrolyte layer 130 of two adjacent battery cells 100. continuously covered.
- the insulating member 61 covers at least part of the solid electrolyte layer 130 on the side surface 21 . Specifically, when the side surface 21 is viewed in plan, the outline of the insulating member 61 overlaps the solid electrolyte layer 130 . As a result, even if the width (the length in the z-axis direction) varies due to variations in manufacturing of the insulating member 61, the possibility of exposing the electrode layer 110 is reduced. Therefore, short-circuiting between the electrode layer 110 and the counter electrode layer 120 via the counter electrode terminal 51 formed to cover the insulating member 61 can be suppressed. Further, the side surface of the solid electrolyte layer 130 made of a powdery material has very fine unevenness. For this reason, the insulating member 61 enters the irregularities, thereby improving the adhesion strength of the insulating member 61 and improving the insulation reliability.
- the insulating member 61 may cover the entire solid electrolyte layer 130 on the side surface 21 .
- the contour of insulating member 61 may overlap the boundary between solid electrolyte layer 130 and counter electrode active material layer 122 .
- the contour of the insulating member 61 may overlap the boundary between the solid electrolyte layer 130 and the electrode active material layer 112 .
- the insulating member 61 may cover at least a portion of the counter electrode active material layer 122 . That is, the insulating member 61 may cover from the electrode layer 110 to part of the counter electrode layer 120 along the stacking direction of the power generation element 10 on the side surface 21 .
- the insulating member 61 is provided separately for each counter electrode layer 120, but it is not limited to this.
- the insulating member 61 may be provided along the z-axis direction at the end of the side surface 21 in the y-axis direction, in addition to the stripe-shaped portion. That is, the shape of the insulating member 61 may be a ladder shape when the side surface 21 is viewed from above. Thus, the insulating member 61 may partially cover the counter electrode current collector 121 .
- the insulating member 62 covers the counter electrode layer 120 on the side surface 22 . Specifically, insulating member 62 completely covers counter electrode current collector 121 and counter electrode active material layer 122 included in counter electrode layer 120 on side surface 22 .
- the insulating member 62 covers the counter electrode layer 120 of each of the plurality of battery cells 100 on the side surface 22 .
- the insulating member 62 does not cover at least part of the electrode layer 110 of each of the plurality of battery cells 100 .
- insulating member 62 does not cover electrode layer 110 of each of battery cells 100 .
- the insulating member 62 has, for example, a stripe shape when the side surface 22 is viewed in plan.
- the insulating member 62 continuously covers the counter electrode layers 120 of the two adjacent battery cells 100 . Specifically, the insulating member 62 extends from at least a portion of one solid electrolyte layer 130 of two adjacent battery cells 100 to at least a portion of the other solid electrolyte layer 130 of two adjacent battery cells 100. continuously covered.
- the insulating member 62 covers at least part of the solid electrolyte layer 130 on the side surface 22 .
- the outline of the insulating member 62 overlaps the solid electrolyte layer 130 when the side surface 22 is viewed in plan.
- the width the length in the z-axis direction
- the possibility of exposing the counter electrode layer 120 is reduced. Therefore, short-circuiting between the electrode layer 110 and the counter electrode layer 120 via the electrode terminal 52 formed to cover the insulating member 62 can be suppressed.
- the side surface of the solid electrolyte layer 130 made of a powdery material has very fine unevenness. For this reason, the insulating member 62 enters into the irregularities, thereby improving the adhesion strength of the insulating member 62 and improving the insulation reliability.
- the insulating member 62 may cover the entire solid electrolyte layer 130 on the side surface 22 .
- the contour of insulating member 62 may overlap the boundary between solid electrolyte layer 130 and electrode active material layer 112 .
- the contour of the insulating member 62 may overlap the boundary between the solid electrolyte layer 130 and the counter electrode active material layer 122 .
- the insulating member 62 may cover at least a portion of the electrode active material layer 112 . In other words, the insulating member 62 may cover from the counter electrode layer 120 to part of the electrode layer 110 along the stacking direction of the power generation element 10 on the side surface 22 .
- the insulating member 62 covers the ends of the main surface 31 and the main surface 32 in the vicinity of the upper and lower ends of the side surface 22 . Thereby, the insulating member 62 suppresses the peeling of the counter electrode current collector 121 . Moreover, even when the electrode terminal 52 wraps around the main surfaces 31 and 32, it is possible to prevent the electrode terminal 52 from contacting the counter electrode current collector 121 and short-circuiting.
- the insulating member 62 is provided separately for each counter electrode layer 120, but it is not limited to this.
- the insulating member 62 may be provided along the z-axis direction at the end of the side surface 22 in the y-axis direction, in addition to the stripe-shaped portion. That is, the shape of the insulating member 62 may be a ladder shape when the side surface 22 is viewed from above. Thus, the insulating member 62 may partially cover the electrode current collector 111 .
- Each of the insulating members 61, 62, 63 and 64 is an insulating layer formed using, for example, an electrically insulating insulating material.
- the insulating members 61, 62, 63 and 64 each contain resin.
- the insulating members 61, 62, 63 and 64 are made of, for example, a resin material containing a resin and a resin additive.
- the resin is, for example, an epoxy-based or silicone-based resin, but is not limited thereto.
- An inorganic material may be used as the insulating material. Usable insulating materials are selected based on various properties such as flexibility, gas barrier properties, impact resistance, and heat resistance.
- the insulating members 61, 62, 63 and 64 are made of the same material, but may be made of different materials. Also, each of the insulating members 61, 62, 63 and 64 may be connected to any one of these and may be integrally formed. Thereby, the power generating element 10 is strongly protected.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 covers the counter electrode layer 120 on the side surface 21 and is electrically connected to the counter electrode layer 120 .
- counter electrode terminal 51 covers side surface 21 and insulating member 61 .
- the counter electrode terminal 51 covers the insulating member 61 and the portion of the side surface 21 that is not covered with the insulating member 61 .
- the counter electrode terminal 51 is positioned outside the insulating member 61 , and current can be easily extracted from the side surface 21 side of the power generation element 10 . Therefore, for example, the wiring for connecting to the counter electrode terminal 51 can be simplified, so wiring defects are less likely to occur.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 is in contact with the side surfaces of the counter electrode current collector 121 and the counter electrode active material layer 122 and electrically connected to the counter electrode layer 120 . Since the counter electrode active material layer 122 is made of a powdery material, it has very fine irregularities like the solid electrolyte layer 130 . By inserting the counter electrode terminal 51 into the unevenness of the side surface of the counter electrode active material layer 122, the adhesion strength of the counter electrode terminal 51 is improved, and the reliability of electrical connection is improved.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 is electrically connected to the counter electrode layer 120 of each of the plurality of battery cells 100 . That is, the counter electrode terminal 51 has a part of the function of electrically connecting the battery cells 100 in parallel. As shown in FIG. 6 , the counter electrode terminal 51 collectively covers substantially the entire side surface 21 . In the present embodiment, since the counter electrode layer 120 is the positive electrode, the counter electrode terminal 51 functions as a positive electrode extraction terminal electrode of the battery 2 .
- the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer are the counter electrode current collectors 121, respectively.
- counter electrode terminal 51 covers part of the main surface of counter electrode current collectors 121 located on each of the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 covers the respective ends of the main surfaces 31 and 32 .
- the counter electrode terminal 51 is strong against an external force in the z-axis direction, and detachment is suppressed.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 suppresses peeling of the counter electrode current collector 121 .
- the contact area between the counter electrode terminal 51 and the counter electrode current collector 121 is increased, the connection resistance between the counter electrode terminal 51 and the counter electrode current collector 121 is reduced, and the large current characteristics can be improved. For example, rapid charging of the battery 2 becomes possible.
- the electrode terminal 52 covers the electrode layer 110 on the side surface 22 and is electrically connected with the electrode layer 110 .
- electrode terminal 52 covers side surface 22 and insulating member 62 .
- the electrode terminal 52 covers the insulating member 62 and the portion of the side surface 22 that is not covered with the insulating member 62 .
- the electrode terminal 52 is positioned outside the insulating member 62 , and current can be easily extracted from the side surface 22 side of the power generating element 10 . Therefore, for example, the wiring for connecting to the electrode terminals 52 can be simplified, so wiring defects are less likely to occur.
- the electrode terminal 52 is provided on the side surface 22 facing the side surface 21 on which the counter electrode terminal 51 is provided, the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 are less likely to come into contact with each other, and short circuits can be suppressed.
- the electrode terminals 52 are in contact with the side surfaces of the electrode current collector 111 and the electrode active material layer 112 and are electrically connected to the electrode layer 110 on the portion of the side surface 22 that is not covered with the insulating member 62 . Since the electrode active material layer 112 is made of a powdery material, it has very fine irregularities like the solid electrolyte layer 130 . Since the electrode terminal 52 enters the unevenness of the side surface of the electrode active material layer 112, the adhesion strength of the electrode terminal 52 is improved, and the reliability of electrical connection is improved.
- the electrode terminal 52 is electrically connected to the electrode layer 110 of each of the plurality of battery cells 100 .
- the electrode terminals 52 have a part of the function of electrically connecting the battery cells 100 in parallel.
- the electrode terminals 52 collectively cover substantially the entire side surface 22 .
- electrode layer 110 is the negative electrode, so electrode terminal 52 functions as a negative electrode extraction terminal electrode of battery 2 .
- the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 are formed using a conductive resin material or the like. Alternatively, the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 may be formed using a metal material such as solder. Conductive materials that can be used are selected based on various properties such as flexibility, gas barrier properties, impact resistance, heat resistance, and solder wettability. The counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 are made of the same material, but may be made of different materials.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 are provided on the side surfaces 21 and 22 having the surface roughness Rz2 smaller than the surface roughness Rz1 of the side surfaces 11 and 12, respectively. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a short circuit through the counter electrode terminal 51 or the electrode terminal 52 due to unevenness such as the recesses 101 and 102 . Therefore, the reliability of the battery 2 can be improved.
- insulating members 61 and 62 are provided on the side surfaces 21 and 22 to prevent the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 from contacting the electrode layer 110 or the counter electrode layer 120 . Therefore, poor coverage of the electrode layer 110 and the counter electrode layer 120 by the insulating members 61 and 62 due to unevenness such as the recesses 101 and 102 is less likely to occur. For example, since the side surfaces 21 and 22 have substantially no steps, the insulating members 61 and 62 can be formed without exposing the corners due to the steps of the electrode active material layer 112 and the counter electrode active material layer 122 . Therefore, the reliability of the battery 2 can be improved.
- each of the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 not only functions as an extraction terminal electrode of the battery 2, but also has the function of connecting the plurality of battery cells 100 in parallel.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 are formed so as to closely cover the side surfaces 21 and 22 of the power generating element 10, respectively, so that their volumes can be reduced.
- the extraction terminal can be made compact, so that the volumetric energy density of the battery 2 can be improved.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 do not cover the insulating member 61 and the insulating member 62, respectively, and are provided independently for each electrode layer 110 and counter electrode layer 120 of each of the plurality of battery cells 100. good.
- Modification 2 of the embodiment will be described.
- the differences from the embodiment will be mainly described, and the description of the common points will be omitted or simplified.
- FIG. 7 is a top view of the battery 3 according to this modified example.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional structure of the battery 3 according to this modification. 8 shows a cross section along line VIII-VIII of FIG.
- the battery 3 has a power generation element having a plurality of battery cells 100a instead of the power generation element 10 having a plurality of battery cells 100, compared to the battery 1 according to the embodiment. 10a is provided.
- the power generation element 10a has a first pair of side faces 11a and 12a, and a second pair of side faces 21 and 22 that are different from the first pair of side faces. .
- the surface roughness Rz2 of each of the side surfaces 21 and 22 is smaller than the surface roughness Rz1 of each of the side surfaces 11a and 12a.
- the battery cell 100a has the same configuration as the battery cell 100, except that the recesses 101a and 102a have different shapes from the recesses 101 and 102.
- each of the plurality of battery cells 100a has an electrode layer 110 and a counter electrode layer 120, specifically, an electrode active material layer 112 and a counter electrode active material layer 122.
- Recesses 101a and 102a in which solid electrolyte layer 130 is recessed are provided.
- Each of the recesses 101a and 102a is a recess having a tapered shape.
- a concave portion 101a is provided on the side surface 11a, and a concave portion 102a is provided on the side surface 12a.
- the side surfaces of electrode active material layer 112 and counter electrode active material layer 122 are inclined toward the side surface of solid electrolyte layer 130 receding from electrode active material layer 112 and counter electrode active material layer 122, respectively.
- the side surface 11a and the side surface 12a are not formed with a step bent at an angle equal to or less than a right angle.
- a step may be provided in a part of the concave portions 101a and 102a.
- at least one of the recesses 101a and 102a may be a recess having a stepped shape like the recesses 101 and 102.
- the electrode layer 110 and the counter electrode layer 120 are less likely to collapse in the recesses 101a and 102a, and short circuits due to collapse can be suppressed.
- the battery 3 may also include the counter electrode terminal 51, the electrode terminal 52, and the insulating members 61, 62, 63, and 64 described in Modification 1.
- FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing an example of a method for manufacturing a battery according to the embodiment or modification.
- FIG. 10 is a top view of a first laminate used in the method of manufacturing a battery according to the embodiment or modification.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a first laminate used in a method for manufacturing a battery according to an embodiment or a modified example.
- FIG. 12 is a top view of a third laminate used in the method for manufacturing a battery according to the embodiment or modification.
- FIG. 13 and 14 are cross-sectional views showing the cross-sectional configuration of the third laminate used in the battery manufacturing method according to the embodiment or the modification.
- 11 shows a cross section taken along line XI--XI in FIG. 13 shows a cross section along the line XIII-XIII of FIG.
- FIG. 14 shows a cross section along line XIV-XIV in FIG.
- At least one first laminate including electrode layer 110, counter electrode layer 120, and solid electrolyte layer 130 positioned between electrode layer 110 and counter electrode layer 120 is formed.
- a body 201 is formed (step S11).
- at least one first laminate 201 is cut to form a plurality of second laminates 202 (step S12).
- each of the plurality of second laminates 202 is provided with a first pair.
- a pair of facing cut surfaces 211 and 212 are formed, which are examples of the cut surfaces of .
- a first laminate 201 is formed.
- the electrode current collector 111, the electrode active material layer 112, the solid electrolyte layer 130, the counter electrode active material layer 122, and the counter electrode current collector 121 are sequentially stacked in this order along the z-axis direction to obtain the first A laminate 201 is formed.
- paste-like paint in which the materials of the electrode active material layer 112, the solid electrolyte layer 130, and the counter electrode active material layer 122 are kneaded together with a solvent is applied on the surface of the current collector or each layer. It is formed by coating and drying.
- Coating methods for forming the electrode active material layer 112, the counter electrode active material layer 122, and the solid electrolyte layer 130 include, but are not limited to, screen printing, die coating, spraying, and gravure printing. not something.
- the lamination configuration of the first laminate 201 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. A configuration in which an active material layer or the like is laminated on both main surfaces of one of the electrode current collector 111 and the counter electrode current collector 121 may be employed.
- an electrode plate in which an electrode current collector 111, an electrode active material layer 112 and a solid electrolyte layer 130 are laminated in this order, and a counter electrode current collector 121, a counter electrode active material layer 122 and a solid electrolyte layer 130 are laminated in this order.
- the first laminate 201 may be formed by preparing a counter electrode plate and bonding the electrode plate and the counter electrode plate via the solid electrolyte layer 130 .
- pressing may be performed to increase the density and improve the bonding strength.
- a pressing method a flat plate press, a roll press, or the like is used, but the method is not limited to these.
- the first layered body 201 may be continuously formed by a roll-to-roll method by coating and laminating each layer as described above and then pressing with a roll press. In this case, for example, a long strip-shaped first laminate 201 as shown in FIG. 10 can be efficiently formed.
- the formed first laminate 201 is cut along the lamination direction, for example, at the position indicated by the dashed line C1 shown in FIG.
- a dashed line C1 is a line along the width direction of the first laminate 201 in a plan view of the first laminate 201 .
- the positions where the first laminate 201 is cut are parallel to each other, for example.
- the electrode layer 110, the counter electrode layer 120 and the solid electrolyte layer 130 are collectively cut.
- each of the plurality of second laminates 202 has cut surfaces 211 and 212 (the first pair of cut surfaces). 12 and 13) are formed.
- the first cutting step forms a plurality of second laminates 202 each having cut surfaces 211 and 212 .
- the cut surfaces 211 and 212 are, for example, planes parallel to the stacking direction of the second stack 202 as a whole.
- the first cutting step can cut the vicinity of the side surface of the first laminate 201 that does not easily contribute to power generation, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the manufactured battery.
- the vicinity of the side surface of the first laminate 201 is excised. does not affect Therefore, since it is not necessary to improve the arrangement accuracy of each layer of the first laminate 201, the manufacturing speed of the first laminate 201 can be increased, and the productivity can be improved.
- the first laminate 201 is cut by shearing using a cutting blade or the like.
- the first laminate 201 is cut while being pressed in the lamination direction with a first pressure.
- a material pressing mechanism also called a stripper
- the first pressure applied in the stacking direction acts to compress each layer of the first stack 201 in the stacking direction.
- a force is generated in the direction perpendicular to Deformation (for example, extension of the first laminate 201 to the outside) occurs due to the force in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction.
- the layer 130 differs from the layer 130 in the blending ratio of the fine particles and the binder constituting each layer and in the properties such as hardness, and thus the amount of deformation also differs.
- a metal foil is often used for the electrode current collector 111 and the counter electrode current collector 121, and the electrode active material layer 112 and the counter electrode active material forming an adhesive interface with the electrode current collector 111 and the counter electrode current collector 121 Layer 122 tends to be stretch restrained.
- the solid electrolyte layer 130 and the electrode active material layer 112 and the counter electrode active material layer 122 are bonded to each other in the form of particle layers, and therefore may stretch significantly.
- the first pressure applied in the stacking direction is released when cutting is finished. At this time, the layer having a large elongation in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction retreats to the inner side of the stack from the position at the time of cutting.
- the solid electrolyte layer 130 generates step-like recesses inside the laminate from the electrode active material layer 112 and the counter electrode active material layer 122 on the cut surface.
- recesses 101 and 102 are formed in cut surfaces 211 and 212 of second laminate 202, as shown in FIG.
- one first laminate 201 is cut and divided into a plurality of laminates, thereby forming a plurality of second laminates 202 .
- the first laminate 201 is cut and divided into a plurality of laminates, thereby forming a plurality of second laminates 202 .
- the first laminate 201 is cut and divided into a plurality of laminates, thereby forming a plurality of second laminates 202 .
- By cutting the first laminate 201 at the same intervals it is possible to form a plurality of second laminates 202 each having the same size.
- a plurality of second stacked bodies 202 can be formed using one first stacked body 201 that is manufactured at once, thereby improving productivity.
- one cutting is performed to one second cutting. Since the laminate 202 can be formed, the number of times of cutting for forming the plurality of second laminates 202 can also be reduced.
- a body 202 may be formed.
- step S13 a stacking step, a plurality of second stacks 202 are stacked to form a third stack 203 (step S13).
- the plurality of second laminates 202 are laminated such that the cut surfaces 211 and 212 of the plurality of second laminates 202 face the same direction. . That is, in the third laminate 203, the cut surfaces 211 of the plurality of second laminates 202 face the same direction, and the cut surfaces 212 of the plurality of second laminates 202 face the same direction. do. In the third laminate 203, for example, when viewed from the lamination direction, the cut surfaces 211 of the plurality of second laminates 202 overlap each other, and the cut surfaces 212 of the plurality of second laminates 202 overlap each other. Overlap. Side surfaces 11 and 12 of the power generating element 10 are thus formed.
- the side surface 11 is a surface where the cut surfaces 211 of the plurality of second laminated bodies 202 are connected
- the side surface 12 is a surface where the cut surfaces 212 of the plurality of second laminated bodies 202 are connected.
- the cut surfaces 211 of each of the plurality of second laminates 202 there may be cut surfaces 211 that are not connected.
- the fourth laminate 204 is formed by cutting the third laminate 203 (step S14). At this time, by cutting the third laminate 203 so as to collectively cut the plurality of second laminates 202, the fourth laminate 204 has an example of a second pair of cut surfaces. A pair of opposed cut surfaces 221 and 222 are formed.
- the third laminate 203 is cut, for example, along the lamination direction at the position indicated by the dashed line C2 shown in FIG.
- Broken line C2 is a line that intersects, more specifically, perpendicularly intersects cut surfaces 211 and 212 in plan view of third laminate 203 .
- the positions where the third laminate 203 is cut are parallel to each other, for example.
- the plurality of second laminates 202 are collectively cut.
- the fourth laminate 204 has a second pair of cuts, as shown in FIGS. Cut surfaces 221 and 222 are formed as surfaces. That is, the fourth laminate 204 having cut surfaces 221 and 222 is formed by the second cutting step.
- the cut surfaces 221 and 222 are, for example, planes parallel to the stacking direction of the fourth stack 204 as a whole.
- the second cutting step can cut the vicinity of the side surface facing in a direction different from the cut surfaces 221 and 222 of the third laminate 203, which is less likely to contribute to power generation, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the manufactured battery. can.
- a fourth laminate 204 formed is the power generation element 10 in batteries 1 and 2 .
- the cut surface 221 is the side surface 21 and the cut surface 222 is the side surface 22 . Since the battery 1 is composed of the power generation element 10 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the battery 1 can be manufactured through the steps described above.
- cut surfaces 221 and 222 are formed by collectively cutting the plurality of second laminates 202 . Therefore, when stacking the plurality of second stacks 202 like the side surfaces of the cut surfaces 211 and 212 of the third stack 203, the influence of the positional accuracy of stacking the plurality of second stacks 202 is reduced. There is no bearing and flat cut surfaces 221 and 222 tend to be formed.
- the third laminate 203 is cut by shearing using a cutting blade or the like.
- the third laminate 203 may be cut using laser processing, an ultrasonic cutter, or the like in order to make the cut surface flatter.
- the third laminate 203 is cut while being pressed in the lamination direction with a second pressure lower than the first pressure.
- the third laminate 203 is pressurized and fixed using a material pressing mechanism.
- pressure to the third stack 203 in the stacking direction with a second pressure that is lower than the first pressure it is possible to suppress the above-described elongation of the solid electrolyte layer 130 . Therefore, in the second cutting step, cut surfaces 221 and 222 that are flatter than cut surfaces 211 and 212 are formed.
- the third laminate 203 may be cut without applying pressure in the stacking direction. This allows for flatter cut surfaces 221 and 222 to be formed.
- cutting is performed under conditions in which the load of the cutting blade on the third laminate 203 is reduced, for example, by reducing the area of the cutting blade pressed against the main surface of the third laminate 203 .
- insulating members 61 , 62 , 63 and 64 are formed on the side surfaces 11 , 12 , 21 and 22 of the power generation element 10 that is the formed fourth laminate 204 . is formed (step S15). Specifically, an insulating member 63 covering the entire surface of the side surface 11 is formed. Also, an insulating member 64 covering the entire surface of the side surface 12 is formed. Also, an insulating member 61 covering the electrode layer 110 is formed on the side surface 21 . Also, an insulating member 62 covering the counter electrode layer 120 is formed on the side surface 22 .
- the insulating members 61, 62, 63 and 64 are formed, for example, by coating and curing a fluid resin material. Coating is performed by an inkjet method, a spray method, a screen printing method, a gravure printing method, or the like. Curing is performed by drying, heating, light irradiation, or the like, depending on the resin material used.
- a tape or the like is applied to a region where the insulating member should not be formed so that the side surface of the counter electrode current collector 121 and the side surface of the electrode current collector 111 are not insulated.
- a treatment for forming the protective member may be performed by masking or resist treatment with .
- extraction terminals are formed on the side surfaces 21 and 22 of the power generation element 10 (step S16). Specifically, a counter electrode terminal 51 electrically connected to the plurality of counter electrode layers 120 is formed on the side surface 21 . Also, electrode terminals 52 electrically connected to the plurality of electrode layers 110 are formed on the side surface 22 .
- the counter electrode terminal 51 is formed by applying a conductive resin so as to cover the insulating member 61 and the portion of the side surface 21 not covered by the insulating member 61 and curing the resin.
- the electrode terminal 52 is formed by applying a conductive resin so as to cover the insulating member 62 and the portion of the side surface 22 not covered with the insulating member 62 and curing the resin.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 and the electrode terminal 52 may be formed by printing, plating, vapor deposition, sputtering, welding, soldering, joining, or other methods, for example.
- the battery 2 shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 can be manufactured.
- the plurality of second laminates 202 having the cut surfaces 211 and 212 that are the first pair of cut surfaces are formed.
- a fourth laminate 204 having a second pair of cut surfaces 221 and 222 is formed.
- the plurality of stacked second laminates 202 are cut together, so that the cut surfaces 221 and 222 can be easily flattened. These cut surfaces 211 , 212 , 221 and 222 become side surfaces 11 , 12 , 21 and 22 of the power generating element 10 .
- the plurality of second laminates 202 having the same laminate configuration as the plurality of battery cells 100 can be efficiently manufactured.
- the plurality of second laminates 202 are laminated such that the cut surfaces 211 and 212 of the plurality of second laminates 202 face the same direction, so that the cut surfaces 211 and 212 are It can be used on the sides 11 and 12 of the power generating element 10 to reduce the number of cuts.
- the second cutting step by cutting the third laminate 203 so as to cut the plurality of second laminates 202 together, the side surfaces 21 and 22 with less unevenness are formed, and the power generation element 10 is cut. can be manufactured. Therefore, the battery manufacturing method according to the present embodiment can achieve both high battery reliability and high productivity.
- the plurality of battery cells 100 are stacked so as to be electrically connected in parallel, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a plurality of battery cells 100 may be stacked so as to be electrically connected in series.
- the plurality of battery cells 100 are stacked side by side along the z-axis so that the layers constituting the battery cell 100 are arranged in the same order.
- the counter electrode terminal 51 and the insulating members 62 , 63 and 64 do not have to cover the ends of the main surface 31 and the main surface 32 .
- the surfaces on the main surface 31 side and the main surface 32 side of the battery 2 are flat, so the batteries 2 can be easily stacked.
- a battery according to the present disclosure can be used, for example, as a secondary battery such as an all-solid-state battery used in various electronic devices or automobiles.
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Abstract
Description
電池の製造において、電池の形状の決定および不要部の除去等のために、集電体、活物質層および固体電解質層等を含む電池セルの端部を切断する場合がある。また、電池セルの各層を一括で切断することで各層の面積を実質的に同じにして、体積エネルギー密度を高めることができる。電池セルの厚み方向に沿って電池セルを切断して形成される切断面は、電池セルの側面になる。本発明者らは、このように、側面が切断面である場合等、体積エネルギー密度を高めるために集電体が活物質層等から突出していない場合に、以下の課題が発生することを見出した。
本開示の一態様の概要は以下の通りである。
まず、実施の形態に係る電池の構成について説明する。
次に、実施の形態の変形例1について説明する。以下の変形例の説明において、実施の形態との相違点を中心に説明し、共通点の説明を省略または簡略化する。
次に、実施の形態の変形例2について説明する。以下の変形例の説明において、実施の形態との相違点を中心に説明し、共通点の説明を省略または簡略化する。
次に、実施の形態または変形例に係る電池の製造方法について、図9から図14を用いて説明する。図9は、実施の形態または変形例に係る電池の製造方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。図10は、実施の形態または変形例に係る電池の製造方法で用いられる第1の積層体の上面図である。図11は、実施の形態または変形例に係る電池の製造方法で用いられる第1の積層体の断面構成を示す断面図である。図12は、実施の形態または変形例に係る電池の製造方法で用いられる第3の積層体の上面図である。図13および図14は、実施の形態または変形例に係る電池の製造方法で用いられる第3の積層体の断面構成を示す断面図である。なお、図11は、図10のXI-XI線における断面を表している。また、図13は、図12のXIII-XIII線における断面を表している。また、図14は、図12のXIV-XIV線における断面を表している。
以上、本開示に係る電池について、実施の形態および変形例に基づいて説明したが、本開示は、これらの実施の形態および変形例に限定されるものではない。本開示の主旨を逸脱しない限り、当業者が思いつく各種変形を実施の形態および変形例に施したものや、実施の形態および変形例における一部の構成要素を組み合わせて構築される別の形態も、本開示の範囲に含まれる。
10、10a 発電要素
11、11a、12、12a、21、22 側面
31、32 主面
51 対極端子
52 電極端子
61、62、63、64 絶縁部材
100、100a 電池セル
101、101a、102、102a 凹部
110 電極層
111 電極集電体
112 電極活物質層
120 対極層
121 対極集電体
122 対極活物質層
130 固体電解質層
201 第1の積層体
202 第2の積層体
203 第3の積層体
204 第4の積層体
211、212、221、222 切断面
Claims (15)
- 電極層、対極層および前記電極層と前記対極層との間に位置する固体電解質層をそれぞれが含む複数の電池セルが積層された構造を有する発電要素を備え、
前記発電要素は、向かい合う一対の側面である第1の対の側面と、前記第1の対の側面とは異なる向かい合う一対の側面である第2の対の側面を有し、
前記第1の対の側面それぞれにおいて、複数の電池セルの少なくとも1つには、前記電極層および前記対極層に対して前記固体電解質層が凹んだ凹部が設けられ、
前記第2の対の側面それぞれの表面粗さRz2は、前記第1の対の側面それぞれの表面粗さRz1よりも小さい、
電池。 - 前記第2の対の側面のうちの一方の側面である第1の側面において前記対極層を覆い、前記対極層と電気的に接続された第1の端子電極をさらに備える、
請求項1に記載の電池。 - 前記第1の側面において、前記電極層を覆う第1の絶縁部材をさらに備える、
請求項2に記載の電池。 - 前記第1の端子電極は、前記第1の絶縁部材を覆う、
請求項3に記載の電池。 - 前記第1の絶縁部材は、前記第1の側面において、前記固体電解質層の少なくとも一部を覆う、
請求項3または4に記載の電池。 - 前記第2の対の側面のうちの他方の側面である第2の側面において前記電極層を覆い、前記電極層と電気的に接続された第2の端子電極をさらに備える、
請求項2から5のいずれか一項に記載の電池。 - 前記第1の対の側面それぞれには、前記電極層および前記対極層それぞれと電気的に接続される端子電極が設けられない、
請求項2から6のいずれか一項に記載の電池。 - 前記第1の対の側面のうちの一方の側面である第3の側面を覆う第2の絶縁部材をさらに備える、
請求項7に記載の電池。 - 前記第2の絶縁部材は、前記凹部に入り込んでいる、
請求項8に記載の電池。 - 積層方向から見た場合の前記発電要素の外周に沿った方向において、前記第2の対の側面それぞれの長さは、前記第1の対の側面それぞれの長さよりも長い、
請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の電池。 - 前記凹部は、テーパ形状を有する、
請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の電池。 - 前記固体電解質層は、リチウムイオン伝導性を有する固体電解質を含む、
請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の電池。 - 電極層、対極層および前記電極層と前記対極層との間に位置する固体電解質層を含む少なくとも1つの第1の積層体を切断することにより複数の第2の積層体を形成する第1の切断工程であって、前記電極層、前記対極層および前記固体電解質層を一括して切断するように前記少なくとも1つの第1の積層体を切断することにより、前記複数の第2の積層体それぞれに、向かい合う一対の切断面である第1の対の切断面を形成する第1の切断工程と、
前記複数の第2の積層体それぞれの前記第1の対の切断面が同じ方向に面するように前記複数の第2の積層体を積層することにより第3の積層体を形成する積層工程と、
前記第3の積層体を切断することにより第4の積層体を形成する第2の切断工程であって、前記複数の第2の積層体を一括して切断するように前記第3の積層体を切断することにより、前記第4の積層体に、前記第1の対の切断面と交差する方向に延びる向かい合う1対の切断面である第2の対の切断面を形成する第2の切断工程と、を含む、
電池の製造方法。 - 前記第1の切断工程では、前記少なくとも1つの第1の積層体を第1の圧力で積層方向に加圧しながら切断し、
前記第2の切断工程では、前記第3の積層体を積層方向に加圧せずに、または、前記第3の積層体を前記第1の圧力よりも小さい第2の圧力で積層方向に加圧しながら切断する、
請求項13に記載の電池の製造方法。 - 前記少なくとも1つの積層体は、1つの積層体であり、
前記第1の切断工程では、前記1つの第1の積層体を切断して複数の積層体に分割することにより、前記複数の第2の積層体を形成する、
請求項13または14に記載の電池の製造方法。
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