WO2022257264A1 - 一种基于视觉的标准件检测装置及检测方法 - Google Patents
一种基于视觉的标准件检测装置及检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022257264A1 WO2022257264A1 PCT/CN2021/112024 CN2021112024W WO2022257264A1 WO 2022257264 A1 WO2022257264 A1 WO 2022257264A1 CN 2021112024 W CN2021112024 W CN 2021112024W WO 2022257264 A1 WO2022257264 A1 WO 2022257264A1
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- standard part
- detection
- data
- clamping mechanism
- standard
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 200
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
- B07C5/10—Sorting according to size measured by light-responsive means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
Definitions
- the invention relates to a vision-based standard part detection device and detection method, belonging to the technical field of automatic detection.
- the present invention provides a vision-based standard part detection device and detection method.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize: a kind of standard part detection device based on vision, comprising:
- the horizontal detection mechanism is arranged on the support platform, and the horizontal detection mechanism is set to detect the opposite surface of the standard part, and the opposite surface of the detected standard part is defined as the detection surface;
- the clamping mechanism is arranged radially on the rotary platform installed on the support platform, and the clamping mechanism is set to clamp the detected surface of the standard part;
- a plurality of vertical detection mechanisms are arranged on the support platform and distributed around the rotary table, and the vertical detection mechanisms respectively detect the remaining surfaces or designated surfaces of the standard parts on the clamping mechanism;
- the classification mechanism is arranged on the support platform and cooperates with the clamping mechanism, and the classification mechanism is set to perform classification processing according to the work requirements according to the comparative analysis results of the detection data and the original data.
- the detection mechanism measures the opposite surface of the standard part, and at the same time uses the transmission mechanism to send the standard part to the clamping mechanism.
- the clamping mechanism clamps the standard part and rotates the standard part.
- the clamping mechanism is installed on On the turntable, rotate to measure data at the designated position of the vertical detection mechanism for measurement, and finally the clamping mechanism rotates to the position of the sorting mechanism, and the sorting mechanism classifies the standard parts.
- the lateral detection mechanism includes:
- the conveyor belt is installed on the support platform and corresponds to the position when the clamping mechanism clamps the standard part, and the conveyor belt is provided with a positioning mechanism;
- At least two groups of first scanners are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt through supports, and the first scanners scan the model data on the opposite surface of the standard part regulated by the positioning mechanism, and transfer the model data to the computer .
- the first scanner cooperates with the conveyor belt to realize the detection of the opposite surface of the standard part.
- the positioning mechanism includes: the positioning mechanism includes:
- the second positioning plate is elastically connected to the first positioning plate
- An adjusting member detachably connected to the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, the adjusting member is configured to adjust the distance between the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate;
- the first predetermined model is installed on the outside of the first positioning plate, and the first predetermined model is configured to determine the detection of the opposite surface of the standard part.
- the positioning mechanism is used to locate the position of the standard part, which is convenient for the first scanner to scan and the clamping mechanism to pick up the standard part at a designated position.
- the positioning mechanism is evenly distributed and can cooperate with the clamping mechanism to realize batch detection.
- the gripping mechanism includes:
- the first air cylinder is installed on the radial direction of the rotary table, and is used to vertically adjust the height of the clamping mechanism to correspond to the position height of the standard parts on the conveyor belt;
- the second two-way cylinder is horizontally installed on the telescopic end of the first cylinder, the two telescopic ends of the second two-way cylinder are horizontally telescopic and the two telescopic ends are provided with mounting plates;
- Two relative rotating parts are arranged on the mounting plate and freely rotate relative to the mounting plate, one of the rotating parts is connected to a commutator installed on the side of the mounting plate, and the commutator is connected to a motor;
- the second predetermined model is arranged on the two relative rotating parts, and the second predetermined model cooperates with the detected opposite surface of the standard part to assist the clamping mechanism to grip the standard part and rotate the standard part.
- the height of the clamping mechanism on the first cylinder is adjusted to correspond to the position of the standard part, and the second cylinder is equipped with rotatable parts at both ends to grip and rotate the standard part. Next, it realizes the rotation work of the standard parts, and cooperates with the vertical detection mechanism behind for detection.
- the vertical detection mechanism includes:
- a plurality of support rods are vertically installed on the support platform, and one side of the support rods is provided with a track structure, and a slide rail and two slide shafts are provided in the track to assist the sliding of the mounting parts;
- the first slider and the second slider are arranged on the track of the support rod and slide or clamp relative to the support rod.
- the outside of the first slider is equipped with a view plate, and the view plate is provided with a light hole and the bottom
- An illuminating lamp is provided, and the illuminating lamp irradiates the standard part, and an installation shaft for installing a second scanner is arranged on the outside of the second slider, and the second scanner scans the atlas of the standard part through the light hole of the viewing plate and Data transfer to computer.
- the vertical detection mechanism can adjust its position up and down, corresponding to the actual position of the standard part clamped by the clamping mechanism, and the second scanner adjusts the brightness of the illumination lamp through the light hole of the view plate to improve the accuracy of detection.
- the classification mechanism includes:
- the first slide rail mechanism is installed on the support platform through the installation shaft; the sliding seat of the first slide rail mechanism performs horizontal reciprocating and fixed-range motion;
- the second slide rail mechanism is installed on the sliding seat of the first slide rail mechanism; the sliding seat of the second slide rail mechanism moves longitudinally;
- the electric control shaft is installed on the sliding seat of the second slide rail mechanism; the other end of the electric control shaft is equipped with a third bidirectional cylinder, and clamping hands are installed at both ends of the third bidirectional cylinder for clamping standard parts.
- the sorting mechanism uses the cooperation of the first slide rail mechanism and the second slide rail mechanism to perform reciprocating work, and utilizes the electronically controlled rotating shaft and the third bidirectional cylinder to realize the clamping and releasing of the standard parts.
- the clamping mechanism cooperates with the position adjustment of the clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism clamps the standard parts and classifies the standard parts according to the model data of the detection surface and puts them into corresponding positions.
- the clamping mechanism controls the standard parts to classify the grades.
- Step 1 the computer enters the standard part data, adjusts the positioning mechanism, locates the standard part on the conveyor belt, the first scanner scans and records the map data of the opposite surface of the standard part, and transmits the data to the computer;
- Step 2 The clamping mechanism adjusts the first cylinder to the height adapted to the standard part, controls the second two-way cylinder to clamp the standard part, wherein the rotating part clamps the standard part, and the rotary table rotates at the same time;
- Step 3 When the clamping mechanism clamps the standard part to the vertical detection mechanism, the second scanner scans the atlas data of other surfaces of the standard part and transmits the data to the computer. At the same time, the rotating table continues to rotate, and the motor is connected to the tachometer to control the rotating part. , the rotating part rotates the standard part to the next surface to be detected, and at the same time, the rotating table rotates so that the clamping mechanism clamps the standard part to the next vertical detection mechanism, scans the map data of the next surface of the standard part and transmits the data to the computer, repeat Such detection, up to specifying the required spectral data;
- Step 4 The computer compares and collects data to send signals to the control shaft on the clamping mechanism.
- the second slide rail mechanism performs reciprocating sliding at the fixed stroke of the first slide rail mechanism, slides to the corresponding grade, and controls the rotation of the shaft.
- the third two-way The cylinder releases the holding hand, and the standard part falls to the corresponding grade.
- the detection mechanism of the present invention measures the opposite surface of the standard part, and at the same time uses the transmission mechanism to send the standard part to the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism clamps the standard part, and rotates the standard part, and the clamping mechanism is installed on the rotary table , rotate straight to the designated place of the vertical detection mechanism to measure data, and measure, and finally the clamping mechanism rotates directly to the position of the sorting mechanism, and the sorting mechanism classifies the standard parts.
- the standard part map data detection device and detection method can effectively detect and analyze the map data of at least six surfaces including special surfaces, and at the same time perform grade classification work, and use its transmission mechanism to cooperate with several clamping mechanisms to realize batch detection and Classification.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the horizontal detection mechanism of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in Fig. 2 of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical detection mechanism of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the classification mechanism of the present invention.
- Reference numerals support table 1, rotating table 2, lateral detection mechanism 3, first scanner 31, conveyor belt 32, positioning mechanism 33, first positioning plate 331, second positioning plate 332, adjustment member 333, clamping mechanism 4 , the first cylinder 41, the second two-way cylinder 42, the mounting plate 43, the rotating member 44, the commutator 45, the motor 46, the vertical detection mechanism 5, the support rod 51, the first slider 52, the second slider 53, the installation Shaft 54, second scanner 55, sorting mechanism 6, first slide rail mechanism 61, second slide rail mechanism 62, electric control rotating shaft 63, third two-way cylinder 64, clamping hand 65.
- this embodiment provides a vision-based standard part detection device and detection method, including a support table 1, a rotating table 2, a detection mechanism, a clamping mechanism 4, and a vertical detection mechanism 5 and classification agencies6.
- the rotary table 2 is installed on the support table 1, and the clamping mechanism 4 is evenly arranged along the center of the rotary table 2.
- the height of multiple clamping mechanisms 4 can be adjusted to correspond to the height of the standard parts on the horizontal detection mechanism 3.
- the horizontal detection mechanism 3 is installed On the support table 1, the transverse detection mechanism 3 is set as the opposite surface of the detection standard part, and the opposite surface of the standard part to be detected is defined as the detection surface, and its conveyor belt 32 transmits the standard part. 4.
- the clamping mechanism 4 clamps the standard parts at the end of the conveyor belt 32. At the same time, the rotary platform 2 rotates at a predetermined angle.
- the clamping mechanism 4 controls the time and rotation of the standard parts.
- the time from the rotating clamping mechanism 4 of the platform 2 to the vertical detection mechanism 5 is corresponding.
- Multiple vertical detection mechanisms 5 are arranged on the supporting platform 1 and distributed around the rotating platform 2 to measure the rest of the standard part or the specified surface respectively.
- the computer controls the sorting device to pick up the standard parts on the clamping mechanism 4 for sorting, and put different grades into designated positions.
- the transverse detection mechanism 3 includes a first scanner 31 for scanning at least two opposite sides of the standard part. There are at least two first scanners 31 installed on both sides of the conveyor belt 32 for recording the standard part. The opposite two faces of the two sides, and the data is transmitted to the computer, and the positioning mechanism 33 is installed on the surface of the conveyor belt 32, and the positioning mechanism 33 is used to fix the standard part and keep the standard part stable. 4Mechanized clamping standard parts.
- the positioning mechanism 33 is installed on the conveyor belt 32 joint plates, and the conveyor belt 32 is a conveyor belt 32 assembled from joint plates, which is convenient for the installation of the first positioning plate 331 and the first positioning plate 331, and the first positioning plate 331 1.
- a spring and an adjusting piece 333 are installed between the second positioning plate 332, and the adjusting adjusting piece 333 can adjust the degree of tightness of the spring, so as to facilitate fixing the spatial position of the standard piece, wherein the first positioning plate 331 passes the first predetermined model and the standard The unmeasured surface of the piece is in contact with each other, and the detection surface of the standard piece is adjusted.
- the length of the first positioning plate 331 is preferably selected to be less than the unmeasured projected length of the standard piece, and the clamping mechanism 4 can smoothly clamp the standard piece.
- the gripping mechanism 4 is installed on the turntable 2, wherein the first cylinder 41 is fixedly installed on the turntable 2 to adjust the height of the gripping mechanism 4 to correspond to the position height of the standard part at the end of the conveyor belt 32, and the second The two-way cylinder 42 is horizontally installed on the first cylinder 41, and the telescopic end of the second two-way cylinder 42 is provided with a mounting plate 43 respectively, and a rotating member 44 is installed on the mounting plate 43.
- the commutator 45, the commutator 45 is connected with the motor 46, the motor 46 provides power for the rotation of the rotary member 44, through the expansion and contraction of the second two-way cylinder 42, the clamping and loosening of the standard part is realized, wherein the rotary mechanism is for clamping
- the rotary mechanism is for clamping
- Another part of the mechanism 4 is mainly to rotate the standard parts, corresponding to the rotation path of the rotary table 2, so that when it rotates to the bottom of the vertical detection mechanism 5, the atlas data can be measured smoothly, and the clamping surface is mainly the standard parts that have been measured
- the two rotating parts 44 respectively mounted on the mounting plate 43 through bearings, the rotating parts 44 are provided with a second predetermined model for assisting in picking objects, and the commutator 45 and the motor 46 control the rotating parts 44.
- the vertical detection mechanism 5 is used to measure, record and transmit the graph data of the standard part.
- the support rod 51 is vertically installed on the support table 1, and one side of the support rod 51 is provided with a track.
- the first slider 52, the second The slide blocks 53 all slide or clamp on the rails, and adjust the actual height of the corresponding standard parts on the clamping mechanism 4.
- a view plate is installed on the outside of the first slide block 52, and the height of the view plate is adjusted and the illumination brightness at the bottom is adjusted, corresponding
- the actual atlas data of the surface to be detected by the standard part reduces the influence of factors on the atlas data of the standard part.
- the second scanner 55 is installed on the second slider 53 through the installation shaft 54, and measures the standard part through the through hole of the view board. the graph data.
- the second scanner 55 can be set to be rotatable and adjustable on the second slider 53, so as to adapt to the atlas data detection on a special surface.
- the classification mechanism 6 classifies the grades of the standard parts
- the first slide rail mechanism 61 is installed on the support platform 1, and the installation position is adapted to when it is closest to the standard parts
- the second slide rail mechanism 62 is installed on the first on the slide rail mechanism 61
- the stroke of the sliding seat of the first slide rail mechanism 61 is a reciprocating and fixed stroke length
- the second slide rail mechanism 62 installs the first slide rail mechanism 61
- the sliding seat can slide horizontally
- the sliding seat of the second slide rail mechanism 62 is connected to the electric control shaft 63 and the electric control shaft 63 can slide longitudinally
- the electric control shaft 63 receives the feedback control rotation of the computer, and simultaneously controls the third two-way cylinder 64 Relax
- the third two-way cylinder 64 is installed on the other end of the control shaft, and rotates with the electric control shaft 63.
- the third two-way cylinder 64 clamps the standard part of the clamping mechanism 4 with the clamping hand 65.
- the third two-way cylinder 64 Clamp the standard part, the clamping mechanism 4 starts to loosen the standard part, the second slide rail mechanism 62 slides on the first slide rail mechanism 61, reaches the designated position, and puts down the standard part.
- the clamping mechanism corresponds to the position adjustment of the clamping mechanism 4, and its movement sequence is corresponding, so that the clamping mechanism can accurately clamp the standard part, and finally put the standard part into the corresponding position.
- the computer compares and collects data to feed back the signal to the clamping mechanism, wherein the second slide rail mechanism 62 is fixed in the stroke of the first slide rail mechanism 61 to perform reciprocating sliding, slides to the corresponding position, and controls the electronically controlled rotating shaft 63 Rotate, the third two-way cylinder 64 releases the clamping hand 65, and the standard part falls, thereby realizing the grade classification of the standard part by the sorting mechanism 6 .
- the horizontal detection mechanism 3, multiple vertical detection mechanisms 5 and the rotary table 2 are all installed on the support table 1, and the clamping mechanism 4 is installed on the rotary table 2.
- the conveyor belt 32 transmits the standard parts, and the positioning mechanism 33 is evenly installed on the On the joint plate of the conveyor belt 32, adjust the adjusting part 333 to position the standard part.
- the first scanner 31 is provided with at least two, installed on both sides of the conveyor belt 32, for recording the two opposite faces of the standard part.
- the data is transmitted to the computer, the rotating table 2 rotates to make the gripping mechanism 4 reach the predetermined position at the end of the conveyor belt 32, and the first cylinder 41 is fixedly installed on the rotating table 2 to adjust the height of the gripping mechanism 4 to correspond to the end of the conveyor belt 32
- the position height of the standard part, the second two-way cylinder 42 shrinks and clamps the standard part through the mounting plate 43 and the rotating part 44.
- the first cylinder 41 rises, the rotary table 2 rotates to the next angle, and rotates to the vertical detection mechanism 5
- the height of viewing plate and second scanner 55 record the atlas data of standard part
- turntable 2 continues to rotate, arrives at next vertical detection mechanism 5 places, and turntable 44 rotates to predetermined angle
- the second The scanner 55 records the next data of the standard part. After recording the predetermined data, the turntable 2 continues to rotate to the sorting mechanism 6.
- the sliding seat stroke of the first slide rail mechanism 61 is a reciprocating and fixed stroke length, and the second slide rail
- the mechanism 62 is installed on the sliding seat of the first slide rail mechanism 61 to be able to slide horizontally, the sliding seat of the second slide rail mechanism 62 is connected to the electric control shaft 63 and the electric control shaft 63 can slide longitudinally, and the electric control shaft 63 receives the feedback from the computer Control the rotation, and at the same time control the third two-way cylinder 64 to relax.
- the third two-way cylinder 64 is installed on the other end of the electric control shaft 63, and rotates with the rotation of the electric control shaft 63.
- the third two-way cylinder 64 is used to clamp the clamping mechanism.
- the third two-way cylinder 64 clamps the standard parts, the clamping mechanism 4 starts to loosen the standard parts, the second slide rail mechanism 62 slides on the first slide rail mechanism 61, reaches the designated position, and controls the rotation of the electric control shaft 63 , the third two-way cylinder 64 releases the clamping hand 65, and the standard part falls to a predetermined position.
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Abstract
一种基于视觉的标准件检测装置及检测方法，属于自动化检测技术领域，该基于视觉的标准件检测装置包括横向检测机构（3）、夹取机构（4）、垂直检测机构（5）和分类机构（6），其中横向检测机构（3）检测标准件相对面并与夹取机构（4）相配合，夹取机构（4）夹取横向检测机构（3）上的标准件，通过旋转台（2）旋转至垂直检测机构（5）下方，多个垂直检测机构（5）分别检测标准件其他面，分类机构（6）与夹取机构（4）相配合并夹走位于夹取机构（4）上的标准件并分类是否合格。该基于视觉的标准件检测装置及检测方法能够有效检测至少六个面，包括特殊面的图谱数据并进行分析，同时进行品级分类工作，利用其传送机构与数个夹取机构（4）相配合，实现批量检测和分类。
Description
本发明涉及一种基于视觉的标准件检测装置及检测方法，属于自动化检测技术领域。
在现有技术中及日常生产中，对生产线中的产品进行外观尺寸数据检测时，通常需要人工检查或者机器设备对产品进行检查，大部分机器视觉测量时只能一次性测量一个面，对于能测量多个面的检测机构又较难形成流水化的作业，针对一些标准件的重要参数的特殊面的图谱数据，甚至还需要配合专门的检测仪器和方法，为此我们设计一种安装于流水线上，完成多个检测面的检测包括特殊面的检测数据模型，同时根据所测得的图谱数据对物品进行品级分类。
本发明为解决上述背景技术中存在的技术问题，提供一种基于视觉的标准件检测装置及检测方法。
本发明采用以下技术方案来实现：一种基于视觉的标准件检测装置，包括：
横向检测机构，设于支撑台上，所述横向检测机构被设置为检测标准件的对立面，定义被检测的标准件的对立面为检测面；
夹取机构，沿径向设于安装在支撑台上的旋转台，所述夹取机构被设置为夹持标准件的已检测面；
多个垂直检测机构，设于支撑台上且围绕旋转台分布，所述垂直检测机构分别检测夹取机构上的标准件的其余面或指定面；
分类机构，设于支撑台上且与夹取机构相配合，所述分类机构被设置为根据检测数据与原始数据的对比分析结果按照工作需求进行分类处理。
通过采用上述技术方案，检测机构测量标准件的相对面，同时利用传送机构将被标准件送至夹取机构处，夹取机构夹取标准件，并对标准件进行旋转，夹取机构安装在旋转台上，旋转直垂直检测机构指定处测量数据处，进行测量，最后夹取机构旋转直分类机构处，分类机构对标准件进行分类。
在进一步的实施例中，横向检测机构包括：
传送带，安装于所述支撑台上并对应所述夹取机构夹取标准件时的位置，所述传送带设有定位机构；
至少两组第一扫描仪，通过支撑件对称设于所述传送带两侧，所述第一扫描仪扫描通过所述定位机构调控的标准件的对立面的模型数据，并将模型数据传入计算机中。
通过采用上述技术方案，第一扫描仪与传送带配合工作，实现对标准件的对立面的检测。
在进一步的实施例中，定位机构包括：定位机构包括：
第一调节板，安装在所述传送带的节板上；
第二定位板，弹性连接于第一定位板；
调节件，可拆卸的连接于第一定位板与第二定位板，所述调节件被设置为调节第一定位板与第二定位板之间的距离；
第一预定模型，安装于所述第一定位板的外侧，所述第一预定模型被设置确定标准件的对立面的检测。
通过采用上述技术方案，定位机构用于定位标准件位置，便于第一扫描仪扫描和夹取机构至指定位置夹取标准件，定位机构均匀分布可与配合夹取机构配合实现批量化检测。
在进一步的实施例中，夹取机构包括：
第一气缸，安装于旋转台的径向上，用于垂直调整所述夹取机构的高度来对应所述传送带上的标准件的位置高度；
第二双向气缸，横向安装于所述第一气缸的伸缩端，所述第二双向气缸的两伸缩端横向伸缩且两个伸缩端设有安装板；
两个相对旋转件，设于所述安装板上且相对所述安装板自由旋转，其中一个所述旋转件连接安装在所述安装板侧面上的换向器，所述换向器连接电机；
第二预定模型，设于两个相对所述旋转件上，所述第二预定模型配合标准件的已检测的对立面，辅助所述夹取机构夹取标准件并旋转标准件。
通过采用上述技术方案，第一气缸上调整夹取机构的高度与标准件位置相互对应，第二气缸安装两端安装可旋转件对标准件进行夹取旋转，同时在电机和换向器的控制下，实现对标准件的旋转工作，配合后面的垂直检测机构进行检测。
在进一步的实施例中，垂直检测机构包括：
多个支撑杆，垂直安装于支撑台上，所述支撑杆一面设有轨道结构，且轨道内设有一条滑轨和两条滑轴辅助安装件滑动；
第一滑块和第二滑块，设于所述支撑杆轨道上且相对所述支撑杆滑动或卡紧，所述第一滑块外侧安装视图板，所述视图板设有光孔且底部设有光照灯，光照灯照射标准件，所述第二滑块外侧设置用于安装第二扫描仪的安装轴，所述第二扫描仪透过视图板的光孔扫描标准件的图谱并将数据传输至计算机。
通过采用上述技术方案，垂直检测机构可上下调整位置，对应夹取机构夹取标准件的实际位置，第二扫描仪通过视图板光孔，调整光照灯亮度，提高检测时的精度。
在进一步的实施例中，分类机构包括：
第一滑轨机构，通过安装轴安装在支撑台上；所述第一滑轨机构的滑动座做横向往复且定程的运动；
第二滑轨机构，安装在所述第一滑轨机构的滑动座上；所述第二滑轨机构的滑动座做纵向运动；
电控转轴，安装在第二滑轨机构的滑动座上；所述电控转轴的另一端安装第三双向气缸，所述第三双向气缸两端安装夹持手用于夹持标准件。
通过采用上述技术方案，分类机构利用第一滑轨机构和第二滑轨机构配合进行往复性的工作，利用电控转轴和第三双向气缸实现对标准件的夹取和释放。
在进一步的实施例中，所述夹持机构与夹取机构位置调整配合，所述夹持机构夹持标准件且将标准件按检测面的模型数据进行分类并放入相应的位置。
通过采用上述技术方案，夹持机构控制标准件，进行品级的分类。
在进一步的实施例中，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、计算机录入标准件数据，调整定位机构，在传送带上定位标准件，第一扫描仪扫描并记录被标准件的对立面的图谱数据，并将数据传输到计算机中；
步骤二、夹取机构调整第一气缸到相对标准件适应高度，控制第二双向气缸夹取标准件，其中旋转件夹紧标准件，同时旋转台旋转；
步骤三、夹取机构夹取标准件至垂直检测机构上时，第二扫描仪扫描标准件的其它面的图谱数据并传输数据至计算机中，同时旋转台继续旋转，电机连接转速器控制旋转件，旋转件旋转标准件至下一个需要检测的面，同时旋转台旋转使得夹取机构夹取标准件至下一个垂直检测机构下方，扫描标准件下一个面的图谱数据并传输数据至计算机，重复这样的检测，直至指定所需图谱数据；
步骤四、计算机对比收集数据来把信号给到夹持机构上的控制转轴，第二滑轨机构在第一滑轨机构行程固定做往复滑动，滑动到相应的品级，控制转轴旋转，第三双向气缸放开加持手，被标准件掉落相应品级处。
本发明的检测机构测量标准件的相对面，同时利用传送机构将被标准件送至夹取机构处，夹取机构夹取标准件，并对标准件进行旋转，夹取机构安装在旋转台上，旋转直垂直检测机构指定处测量数据处，进行测量，最后夹取机构旋转直分类机构处，分类机构对标准件进行分类。
该标准件图谱数据检测装置及检测方法能够有效检测至少六个面包括特殊面的图谱数据并进行分析，同时进行品级分类工作，利用其传送机构与数个夹取机构相配合，实现批量检测和分类。
图1是本发明的整体结构示意图。
图2是本发明的横向检测机构结构示意图。
图3是本发明的图2中的定位机构示意图。
图4是本发明的夹取机构结构示意图。
图5是本发明的垂直检测机构结构示意图。
图6是本发明的分类机构结构示意图。
附图标记：支撑台1、旋转台2、横向检测机构3、第一扫描仪31、传送带32、定位机构33、第一定位板331、第二定位板332、调节件333、夹取机构4、第一气缸41、第二双向气缸42、安装板43、旋转件44、换向器45、电机46、垂直检测机构5、支撑杆51、第一滑块52、第二滑块53、安装轴54、第二扫描仪55、分类机构6、第一滑轨机构61、第二滑轨机构62、电控转轴63、第三双向气缸64、夹持手65。
在下文的描述中，给出了大量具体的细节以便提供对本发明更为彻底的理解。然而，对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是，本发明可以无需一个或多个这些细节而得以实施；在其他的例子中，为了避免与本发明发生混淆，对于本领域公知的一些技术特征未进行描述。
进一步的实施例中，如图到所示，本实施例提供一种基于视觉的标准件检测装置及检测方法，包括支撑台1、旋转台2、检测机构、夹取机构4、垂直检测机构5和分类机构6。
旋转台2安装在支撑台1上，夹取机构4沿旋转台2中心均匀设置，多个夹取机构4可调节高度与横向检测机构3上的标准件的高度相对应，横向检测机构3安装在支撑台1上，横向检测机构3被设置为检测标准件的对立面，定义被检测的标准件的对立面为检测面，其传送带32传送标准件，在横向检测机构3完成检测后，夹取机构4沿径向设于安装在支撑台1上的旋转台2，夹取机构4夹取传送带32末端的标准件，同时旋转台2旋转预定角度，夹取机构4控制标准件旋转的时间与旋转台2旋转夹取机构4至垂直检测机构5下的时间相对应，多个垂直检测机构5设于支撑台1上且围绕旋转台2分布，分别测量标准件其余面或指定面，当检测完后，所有的数据输送至计算机，计算机控制分类装置夹取位于夹取机构4上的标准件进行分类，并且将不同品级分类投入至指定位置。
进一步的实施例中，横向检测机构3包括用于扫描标准件至少两个对立面的第一扫描仪31，该第一扫描仪31至少设置两个，安装在传送带32两侧，用于记录标准件的相对的两个面，并将数据传至计算机，传送带32表面安装定位机构33且定位机构33用于固定标准件，保持标准件的稳定，也为了与夹取机构4对应，便于夹取机构4机械化夹取标准件。
进一步的实施例中，定位机构33安装在传送带32节板上，该传送带32选用节板组装而成的传送带32，便于第一定位板331和第一定位板331的安装，第一定位板331、第二定位板332之间安装有弹簧和调节件333，调整调节件333可对弹簧的松紧程度进行调节，便于固定标准件的空间位置，其中第一定位板331通过第一预定模型与标准件的尚未测量的面相接触，调整标准件的检测面，第一定位板331长度优先选用小于标准件的尚未测量的投影长度，夹取机构4能顺利夹取标准件。
进一步的实施例中，夹取机构4安装在旋转台2上，其中第一气缸41固定安装在旋转台2上调整夹取机构4的高度对应于传送带32末端的标准件的位置高度，第二双向气缸42横向安装于第一气缸41上，第二双向气缸42伸缩端分别设有一个安装板43，安装板43上安装旋转件44，其中一个旋转件44连接安装在安装板43侧面上的换向器45，换向器45连接电机46，电机46为旋转件44旋转提供动力，通过第二双向气缸42的伸缩，实现对标准件的夹取及其放松，其中，旋转机构为夹取机构4的另一组成部分，主要对标准件进行旋转，对应旋转台2旋转路径，使其旋转到垂直检测机构5下方时能够顺利被测量图谱数据，夹取面主要是已经测量过的标准件的对立面，通过轴承分别安装在安装板43上的两个旋转件44，旋转件44上设有第二预定模型用于辅助夹取物件，换向器45和电机46对旋转件44进行控制。
进一步的实施例中，垂直检测机构5用于测量、记录和传送标准件的图谱数据，支撑杆51垂直安装在支撑台1上，支撑杆51一面设有轨道，第一滑块52、第二滑块53均在轨道上滑动或卡紧，对应标准件在夹取机构4上的实际高度进行调整，第一滑块52外侧安装视图板，视图版调整高度和调整其底部的光照度亮度，对应标准件所要检测面的实际图谱数据，减小因素对标准件图谱数据的影响，第二扫描仪55通过安装轴54安装在第二滑块53上，透过视图板的通孔，测量标准件的图谱数据。
进一步的实施例中，对于标准件的特殊方向上的图谱数据，可设置第二扫描仪55在第二滑块53可旋转调整，用于适应特殊面的图谱数据检测。
进一步的实施例中，分类机构6对标准件品级进行分类，第一滑轨机构61安装于支撑台1上，安装位置与最接近标准件时相适应，第二滑轨机构62安装在第一滑轨机构61上，且第一滑轨机构61的滑动座行程为往复且固定的行程长度，这样的设计可以省去额外的控制系统，第二滑轨机构62安装第一滑轨机构61的滑动座上能够进行横向滑动，第二滑轨机构62的滑动座连接电控转轴63且电控转轴63能够纵向滑动，该电控转轴63接收计算机的反馈控制旋转，同时控制第三双向气缸64放松，第三双向气缸64安装于控制转轴的另一端，随电控转轴63旋转而旋转，第三双向气缸64用夹持手65夹取在夹取机构4的标准件，第三双向气缸64夹紧标准件，夹取机构4开始放松标准件，第二滑轨机构62在第一滑轨机构61上滑动，到达指定位置，将标准件放下。
进一步的实施例中，夹持机构与夹取机构4位置调节对应，且其运动顺序相对应，便于夹持机构准确夹持标准件，最终将准件放入相应的位置。
进一步的实施例中，计算机对比收集数据来把信号反馈到夹持机构上，其中第二滑轨机构62在第一滑轨机构61行程固定做往复滑动，滑动到对应处，控制电控转轴63旋转，第三双向气缸64放开松夹持手65，标准件掉落，从而实现分类机构6对标准件的品级分类。
工作原理：横向检测机构3、多个垂直检测机构5和旋转台2均安装在支撑台1上，夹取机构4安装在旋转台2上，首先传送带32传送标准件，定位机构33均匀安装在传送带32的节板上，调整调节件333时来定位标准件，第一扫描仪31至少设置两个，安装在传送带32两侧，用于记录标准件的相对的两个面，在横向检测机构3完成检测后，传输数据至计算机，旋转台2旋转使夹取机构4到达传送带32末端的预定位置，第一气缸41固定安装在旋转台2上调整夹取机构4的高度对应于传送带32末端的标准件的位置高度，第二双向气缸42收缩通过安装板43和旋转件44夹住标准件，此时第一气缸41升高，旋转台2旋转至下一个角度，旋转至垂直检测机构5处时，调整视图板和第二扫描仪55的高度，记录标准件的图谱数据，此时，旋转台2继续旋转，到达下一个垂直检测机构5处，旋转件44旋转至预定角度，第二扫描仪55记录下标准件的下一个数据，记录预定数据后，旋转台2继续旋转至分类机构6上，第一滑轨机构61的滑动座行程为往复且固定的行程长度，第二滑轨机构62安装第一滑轨机构61的滑动座上能够进行横向滑动，第二滑轨机构62的滑动座连接电控转轴63且电控转轴63能够纵向滑动，该电控转轴63接收计算机的反馈控制旋转，同时控制第三双向气缸64放松，第三双向气缸64安装于电控转轴63的另一端，随电控转轴63旋转而旋转，第三双向气缸64用于夹持来之夹取机构4的标准件，第三双向气缸64夹紧标准件，夹取机构4开始放松标准件，第二滑轨机构62在第一滑轨机构61上滑动，到达指定位置，控制电控转轴63旋转，第三双向气缸64松开夹持手65，标准件掉落至预定位置。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种等同变换，这些等同变换均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
- 一种基于视觉的标准件检测装置，其特征在于，包括：横向检测机构，设于支撑台上，所述横向检测机构被设置为检测标准件的对立面，定义被检测的标准件的对立面为检测面；夹取机构，沿径向设于安装在支撑台上的旋转台，所述夹取机构被设置为夹持标准件的已检测面；多个垂直检测机构，设于支撑台上且围绕旋转台分布，所述垂直检测机构分别检测夹取机构上的标准件的其余面或指定面；分类机构，设于支撑台上且与夹取机构相配合，所述分类机构被设置为根据检测数据与原始数据的对比分析结果按照工作需求进行分类处理。
- 根据权利要求1的基于视觉的标准件检测装置，其特征在于，横向检测机构包括：传送带，安装于所述支撑台上并对应所述夹取机构夹取标准件时的位置，所述传送带设有定位机构；至少两组第一扫描仪，通过支撑件对称设于所述传送带两侧，所述第一扫描仪扫描通过所述定位机构调控的标准件的对立面的模型数据，并将模型数据传入计算机中。
- 根据权利要求2的基于视觉的标准件检测装置，其特征在于，定位机构包括：第一调节板，安装在所述传送带的节板上；第二定位板，弹性连接于第一定位板；调节件，可拆卸的连接于第一定位板与第二定位板，所述调节件被设置为调节第一定位板与第二定位板之间的距离；第一预定模型，安装于所述第一定位板的外侧，所述第一预定模型被设置确定标准件的对立面的检测。
- 根据权利要求1的基于视觉的标准件检测装置，其特征在于，夹取机构包括：第一气缸，安装于旋转台的径向上，用于垂直调整所述夹取机构的高度来对应所述传送带上的标准件的位置高度；第二双向气缸，横向安装于所述第一气缸的伸缩端，所述第二双向气缸的两伸缩端横向伸缩且两个伸缩端设有安装板；两个相对旋转件，设于所述安装板上且相对所述安装板自由旋转，其中一个所述旋转件连接安装在所述安装板侧面上的换向器，所述换向器连接电机；第二预定模型，设于两个相对所述旋转件上，所述第二预定模型配合标准件的已检测的对立面，辅助所述夹取机构夹取标准件并旋转标准件。
- 根据权利要求1的基于视觉的标准件检测装置，其特征在于，垂直检测机构包括：多个支撑杆，垂直安装于支撑台上，所述支撑杆一面设有轨道结构，且轨道内设有一条滑轨和两条滑轴辅助安装件滑动；第一滑块和第二滑块，设于所述支撑杆轨道上且相对所述支撑杆滑动或卡紧，所述第一滑块外侧安装视图板，所述视图板设有光孔且底部设有光照灯，光照灯照射标准件，所述第二滑块外侧设置用于安装第二扫描仪的安装轴，所述第二扫描仪透过视图板的光孔扫描标准件的图谱并将数据传输至计算机。
- 根据权利要求1的基于视觉的标准件检测装置，其特征在于，分类机构包括：第一滑轨机构，通过安装轴安装在支撑台上；所述第一滑轨机构的滑动座做横向往复且定程的运动；第二滑轨机构，安装在所述第一滑轨机构的滑动座上；所述第二滑轨机构的滑动座做纵向运动；电控转轴，安装在第二滑轨机构的滑动座上；所述电控转轴的另一端安装第三双向气缸，所述第三双向气缸两端安装夹持手用于夹持标准件。
- 根据权利要求6的基于视觉的标准件检测装置，其特征在于，所述夹持机构与夹取机构位置调整配合，所述夹持机构夹持标准件且将标准件按检测面的模型数据进行分类并放入相应的位置。
- 根据权利要求1的基于视觉的标准件检测装置及检测方法，其特征在于，所述第一扫描仪和所述第二扫描仪记录所测标准件图谱数据，并且传至记录原始数据的计算机中，计算机分析对比所得数据，反馈至分类机构上的控制系统，所述电控转轴和所述第三双向气缸同时工作，将标准件放至相应的位置。
- 一种基于视觉的标准件检测方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：步骤一、计算机录入标准件数据，调整定位机构，在传送带上定位标准件，第一扫描仪扫描并记录被标准件的对立面的图谱数据，并将数据传输到计算机中；步骤二、夹取机构调整第一气缸到相对标准件适应高度，控制第二双向气缸夹取标准件，其中旋转件夹紧标准件，同时旋转台旋转；步骤三、夹取机构夹取标准件至垂直检测机构上时，第二扫描仪扫描标准件的其它面的图谱数据并传输数据至计算机中，同时旋转台继续旋转，电机连接转速器控制旋转件，旋转件旋转标准件至下一个需要检测的面，同时旋转台旋转使得夹取机构夹取标准件至下一个垂直检测机构下方，扫描标准件下一个面的图谱数据并传输数据至计算机，重复这样的检测，直至指定所需图谱数据；步骤四、计算机对比收集数据来把信号给到夹持机构上的控制转轴，第二滑轨机构在第一滑轨机构行程固定做往复滑动，滑动到相应的品级，控制转轴旋转，第三双向气缸放开加持手，被标准件掉落相应品级处。
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