WO2022255804A1 - 태양 전지 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
태양 전지 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022255804A1 WO2022255804A1 PCT/KR2022/007804 KR2022007804W WO2022255804A1 WO 2022255804 A1 WO2022255804 A1 WO 2022255804A1 KR 2022007804 W KR2022007804 W KR 2022007804W WO 2022255804 A1 WO2022255804 A1 WO 2022255804A1
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/804—Materials of encapsulations
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- H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
- H10F10/10—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells having potential barriers
- H10F10/19—Photovoltaic cells having multiple potential barriers of different types, e.g. tandem cells having both PN and PIN junctions
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- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
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- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
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- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
- H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
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- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/16—Material structures, e.g. crystalline structures, film structures or crystal plane orientations
- H10F77/169—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates
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- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/20—Electrodes
- H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
- H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
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- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
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- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
- H10K30/57—Photovoltaic [PV] devices comprising multiple junctions, e.g. tandem PV cells
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- H10K39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic radiation-sensitive element covered by group H10K30/00
- H10K39/10—Organic photovoltaic [PV] modules; Arrays of single organic PV cells
- H10K39/12—Electrical configurations of PV cells, e.g. series connections or parallel connections
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- H10K39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic radiation-sensitive element covered by group H10K30/00
- H10K39/10—Organic photovoltaic [PV] modules; Arrays of single organic PV cells
- H10K39/18—Interconnections, e.g. terminals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/548—Amorphous silicon PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell, and more particularly to an encapsulation layer of a solar cell.
- Perovskite compounds have a problem of being easily oxidized by moisture. Accordingly, in the case of a perovskite solar cell in which a perovskite compound is applied to the absorber layer of the solar cell, the absorber layer is oxidized by external oxygen or moisture, thereby reducing the efficiency of the solar cell.
- an encapsulation layer for protecting the absorption layer of the solar cell from permeation of external oxygen or moisture is required.
- the present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the present invention provides a solar cell having an encapsulation layer capable of efficiently protecting the absorption layer of the solar cell from permeation of external oxygen or moisture, and a method for manufacturing the same. aims to do
- the present invention is a solar cell layer provided on a substrate; and an encapsulation layer provided on the solar cell layer, wherein the encapsulation layer includes a metal oxide doped with a dopant material or a metal oxynitride doped with a dopant material, and the metal oxide or metal oxynitride provides a solar cell comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of W, Nb, and Sn.
- the encapsulation layer includes a first encapsulation layer in contact with the solar cell layer and a second encapsulation layer formed on the first encapsulation layer and not in contact with the solar cell layer, and a metal oxide doped with the dopant material.
- the metal oxynitride doped with the dopant material may be included in the second encapsulation layer, and the first encapsulation layer may be made of an insulating material.
- the second encapsulation layer may be formed of a plurality of layers of different materials.
- the dopant material may include a material capable of forming an oxide in the metal oxide or the metal oxynitride, and the refractive index of the oxide of the dopant material may be lower than the refractive index of the metal oxide or the metal nitride.
- the solar cell layer may include a substrate-type solar cell and a perovskite solar cell.
- the present invention also provides a solar cell layer provided on a substrate; And an encapsulation layer provided on the solar cell layer, wherein the solar cell layer includes a plurality of unit cells connected in series, and the encapsulation layer includes a first encapsulation layer in contact with the solar cell layer, and It includes a second encapsulation layer provided on the first encapsulation layer without contacting the solar cell layer, and the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer form a region between two unit cells adjacent to each other.
- a solar cell equipped to fill is provided.
- the solar cell layer includes a plurality of first electrodes spaced apart with a first separator interposed therebetween, a plurality of perovskite solar cells provided on the plurality of first electrodes and spaced apart with a contact portion and a second separator interposed therebetween , and a plurality of second electrodes provided on the plurality of perovskite solar cells and connected to the first electrode through the contact portion, wherein the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are It may be provided to fill the inside of the second separator.
- the solar cell layer includes a substrate-type solar cell, a perovskite solar cell provided on the substrate-type solar cell, a first electrode provided on a lower surface of the substrate-type solar cell, and an upper surface of the perovskite solar cell. It includes a second electrode provided in, and a connection line connecting between the first electrode in one unit cell and the second electrode in another unit cell, and the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer. A layer may contact the connection line.
- the solar cell layer is a perovskite solar cell having a contact portion, a buffer layer provided on the perovskite solar cell and including a film having a plurality of holes and a conductive layer filled in the plurality of holes, the A substrate-type solar cell provided on a buffer layer, an electrode provided on the substrate-type solar cell, and a connection line connecting one unit cell and another unit cell in series through the contact portion, wherein the The first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer may be provided to fill the contact portion.
- It may further include a barrier layer provided between the substrate and the solar cell layer, and the encapsulation layer may be provided to cover an exposed edge region of the barrier layer that is not covered by the solar cell layer.
- a protective layer may be additionally provided on the encapsulation layer.
- the present invention also provides a step of forming a solar cell layer on a substrate; forming an encapsulation layer on the solar cell layer; and forming a protective layer on the encapsulation layer, wherein the encapsulation layer includes a metal oxide doped with a dopant material or a metal oxide nitride doped with a dopant material, and the metal oxide or metal oxide
- the nitride provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of W, Nb, and Sn.
- the present invention also provides a step of forming a solar cell layer on a substrate; Forming an encapsulation layer on one side of the protective layer; and pressing and laminating the encapsulation layer and the protective layer on one surface of the solar cell layer while bringing the encapsulation layer into contact with the solar cell layer, wherein the encapsulation layer is a metal oxide doped with a dopant material or A method of manufacturing a solar cell in which a dopant material includes a doped metal oxynitride, and the metal oxide or metal oxynitride includes at least one metal selected from the group consisting of W, Nb, and Sn.
- the encapsulation layer includes a first encapsulation layer in contact with the solar cell layer and a second encapsulation layer formed on the first encapsulation layer and not in contact with the solar cell layer, and a metal oxide doped with the dopant material.
- the metal oxynitride doped with the dopant material may be included in the second encapsulation layer, and the first encapsulation layer may be made of an insulating material.
- the dopant material may include a material capable of forming an oxide in the metal oxide or the metal oxynitride, and the refractive index of the oxide of the dopant material may be lower than the refractive index of the metal oxide or the metal nitride.
- the encapsulation layer includes a metal oxide doped with a dopant material or a metal oxynitride doped with a dopant material, and the metal oxide or metal oxynitride is made of W, Nb, and Sn.
- the metal oxide or metal oxynitride is made of W, Nb, and Sn.
- the encapsulation layer includes a first encapsulation layer in contact with the solar cell layer and a second encapsulation layer provided on the first encapsulation layer without contact with the solar cell layer,
- the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are provided to fill a region between two adjacent unit cells, thereby effectively preventing external oxygen or moisture from penetrating through the region between the unit cells.
- the encapsulation layer is not directly deposited on the upper surface of the solar cell layer but deposited on the upper surface of the protective layer and then laminated on the upper surface of the solar cell layer, during the deposition process of the encapsulation layer There is no risk of damage to the solar cell layer, so there is an advantage in that the deposition process of the encapsulation layer can be performed in a high temperature range, and accordingly, a more dense film encapsulation layer can be formed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A to 2C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to the above-described FIG. 1 .
- 3A to 3C are process diagrams of a solar cell manufacturing process according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the solar cell manufacturing method according to FIG. 1 described above.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 5A to 5C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 4 described above.
- 6A to 6C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 4 described above.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 8A to 8C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 7 described above.
- 9A to 9C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 7 described above.
- temporal relationship for example, 'immediately' or 'directly' when a temporal precedence relationship is described in terms of 'after', 'following', 'next to', 'before', etc. It can also include non-continuous cases unless is used.
- first, second, etc. are used to describe various components, these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, the first component mentioned below may also be the second component within the technical spirit of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 100, a barrier layer 200, a solar cell layer 300, an encapsulation layer 400, and a protective layer 500. It is done.
- the substrate 100 may be made of a rigid material or a flexible material.
- the substrate 100 may be made of glass or plastic.
- the barrier layer 200 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the substrate 100 .
- the barrier layer 200 serves to prevent the material included in the substrate 100 from diffusing into the solar cell layer 300, and external moisture or oxygen passes through the substrate 100 to the solar cell layer 300. It serves to prevent penetration into the battery layer 300 .
- the barrier layer 200 may be formed on the entire top surface of the substrate 100 .
- Such a barrier layer 200 may be made of an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, metal oxide such as aluminum, and metal nitride such as aluminum, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition ( It may be formed through a thin film deposition process such as Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD).
- the barrier layer 200 may be omitted.
- the solar cell layer 300 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the barrier layer 200 .
- the solar cell layer 300 includes a first electrode 301, a first conductive charge transfer layer 302, a light absorption layer 303, a second conductive charge transfer layer 304, a second electrode 305, a first It comprises a terminal (terminal) 306, and a second terminal (307).
- a perovskite solar cell is constituted by a combination of the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 , the light absorption layer 303 , and the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 .
- the first electrode 301 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the barrier layer 200 .
- the first electrode 301 may be made of a transparent conductive material such as metal oxide.
- the plurality of first electrodes 301 are spaced apart from each other with the first separator P1 interposed therebetween.
- the first electrode 301 may not be provided at both edges of the barrier layer 200 . That is, the end of the outermost first electrode 301 is located inside than the end of the barrier layer 200, and thus electrical connection between the components of the solar cell and other external components can be blocked. have.
- the first electrode 301 is not formed, so the upper surface of the barrier layer 200 may be exposed.
- the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the first electrode 301 .
- the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 is formed to fill the first separation portion P1, so that the lower surface of the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 may come into contact with the upper surface of the barrier layer 200.
- the plurality of first conductive charge transfer layers 302 may be spaced apart with the contact portion P2 and the second separation portion P3 interposed therebetween.
- the end of the outermost first conductive charge transfer layer 302 may be located inside than the end of the outermost first electrode 301, and accordingly, the outermost first electrode 301 ) may be exposed to the outside.
- the light absorption layer 303 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 .
- the plurality of light absorption layers 303 may be spaced apart with the contact portion P2 and the second separation portion P3 interposed therebetween.
- An end of the outermost light absorption layer 303 may be patterned to coincide with an end of the outermost first conductive charge transfer layer 302 . Therefore, the end of the outermost light absorption layer 303 may be located inside than the end of the outermost first electrode 301, and accordingly, the outermost first electrode 301 The end may be exposed to the outside.
- the light absorption layer 303 is made of a perovskite compound known in the art.
- the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the light absorption layer 303 .
- the plurality of second conductive charge transfer layers 304 may be spaced apart with the contact portion P2 and the second separation portion P3 interposed therebetween.
- An end of the outermost second conductive charge transfer layer 304 may be patterned to coincide with an outermost end of the light absorption layer 303 . Therefore, the end of the outermost second conductive charge transfer layer 304 may be located inside the outermost end of the first electrode 301, and accordingly, the outermost first electrode The end of 301 may be exposed to the outside.
- the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 is made of a hole transfer layer, and the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 is made of a hole transfer layer.
- the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 is made of an electron transfer layer.
- the electron transport layer is a variety of N-type organic materials known in the art, such as BCP (Bathocuproine), C60, or PCBM (Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester), ZnO, c-TiO2/mp-TiO 2 , SnO 2 , or various N-type metal oxides known in the art, such as IZO, and other various N-type organic or inorganic materials known in the art.
- the hole transport layer is Spiro-MeO-TAD, Spiro-TTB, polyaniline, polypinol, poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT-PSS), or poly-[bis(4-phenyl) ) (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) amine] (PTAA), various P-type organics known in the art such as Poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT), Ni oxide, Mo oxide Alternatively, various P-type metal oxides known in the art, such as V oxide, W oxide, and Cu oxide, and various other P-type organic or inorganic materials known in the art may be included.
- the second electrode 305 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 .
- the plurality of second electrodes 305 may be spaced apart with the second separator P3 interposed therebetween.
- a unit cell is formed by the stacked structure of the first electrode 301, the first conductive charge transfer layer 302, the light absorption layer 303, the second conductive charge transfer layer 304, and the second electrode 305.
- the second electrode 305 in one unit cell is connected to the first electrode 301 in another unit cell adjacent thereto through the contact portion P2, and thus a plurality of unit cells. can be connected in series.
- the second electrode 305 may be made of a metal material, but is not necessarily limited thereto.
- An end of the outermost second electrode 305 may be patterned to coincide with an outermost end of the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 . Therefore, the end of the outermost second electrode 305 may be located inside the outermost end of the first electrode 301, and accordingly, the outermost first electrode 301 The end of may be exposed to the outside.
- the first terminal 306 may be formed on the upper surface of the first electrode 301 in the unit cell located at the outermost side of one side, for example, the left side, and the second terminal 307 is the other side, for example, the right side. It may be formed on the upper surface of the second electrode 305 in the unit cell located at the outermost part of.
- the first terminal 306 may function as a (-) terminal of a plurality of unit cells connected in series
- the second terminal 307 may function as a (+) terminal of a plurality of unit cells connected in series.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the solar cell layer 300 . Penetration of external moisture or oxygen into the solar cell layer 300 can be prevented by the encapsulation layer 400 . Accordingly, the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the entire upper surface of the solar cell layer 300 and also to cover the upper surface of both edges of the barrier layer 200 exposed to the outside.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the side surfaces of the unit cells, penetration of external moisture or oxygen into the unit cells through the side surfaces of the unit cells can be prevented. Specifically, the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the side surface of the outermost unit cell and fill the inside of the second separator P3 provided in the area between two adjacent unit cells, so that all unit cells It can be formed to cover the side of. In addition, the encapsulation layer 400 covers the top and side surfaces of the exposed first electrode 301 of the outermost unit cell, and also covers the top and side surfaces of the first terminal 306 and the second terminal 307. cover
- the encapsulation layer 400 may include a first encapsulation layer 410 and a second encapsulation layer 420 .
- the first encapsulation layer 410 is formed on the solar cell layer 300 to contact the solar cell layer 300
- the second encapsulation layer 420 is formed on the first encapsulation layer 410. and may not contact the solar cell layer 300.
- the first encapsulation layer 410 and the second encapsulation layer 420 are formed to cover the side surfaces of the outermost unit cell and fill the inside of the second separator P3 provided in the area between two adjacent unit cells. , covering the top and side surfaces of the exposed first electrode 301 of the outermost unit cell, covering the top and side surfaces of the first terminal 306 and the second terminal 307, and also the exposed barrier It covers the upper surface of layer 200.
- the first encapsulation layer 410 is the side surface and top surface of the first electrode 301, the side surface of the first conductive charge transfer layer 302, the side surface of the light absorption layer 303, and the second surface of the first electrode 301 in each of the plurality of unit cells. in contact with the side surface of the conductive charge transfer layer 304 and the side surface and top surface of the second electrode 305, and also in contact with the side surface and top surface of the first terminal 306 and the side surface and top surface of the second terminal 307; , and may also be in contact with the upper surface of the barrier layer 200 .
- the first encapsulation layer 410 may insulate side surfaces of each unit cell by being made of an insulating material such as silicon nitride or silicon oxide.
- the first encapsulation layer 410 may be formed through a thin film deposition process such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD).
- the second encapsulation layer 420 does not come into contact with the solar cell layer 300, even if a conductive material is used, there is no problem that a short circuit occurs on the side of each unit cell. Therefore, the second As a material for the encapsulation layer 420, an optimal material capable of preventing penetration of moisture or oxygen may be used.
- the second encapsulation layer 420 may include metal oxide or metal oxynitride.
- the metal oxide may be formed of an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of W, Nb, and Sn
- the metal oxide nitride may be formed of an oxide nitride of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of W, Nb, and Sn. It can be done.
- the metal oxide may be selected from the group consisting of WO3, NbO, and SnO2.
- the metal oxide nitride may be selected from the group consisting of WOxNy, NbOxNy, and SnOxNy. The x and y are each greater than zero.
- the second encapsulation layer 420 may include a metal oxide doped with a dopant material or a metal oxynitride doped with a dopant material. As such, when the second encapsulation layer 420 further includes a dopant material, the light transmittance is improved and thus the efficiency of the solar cell may be improved.
- the dopant material may include a material capable of forming an oxide in the metal oxide or metal oxynitride. In this case, it is preferable that the refractive index of the oxide of the dopant material is lower than the refractive index of the metal oxide or the refractive index of the metal nitride because the light transmittance of the second encapsulation layer 420 can be improved. When the refractive index of a certain material is low, reflection may be reduced and light transmittance may be improved. Examples of the dopant material include Si or Al.
- the second encapsulation layer 420 may include a plurality of layers including a first layer 421 and a second layer 422 made of different materials.
- the second encapsulation layer 420 may be formed through a thin film deposition process such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD). At this time, oxygen or ozone is supplied while supplying each source material into the chamber. Plasma treatment can be performed.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- the protective layer 500 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the encapsulation layer 400 .
- the protective layer 500 may be formed to cover the entire top surface of the encapsulation layer 400 .
- the protective layer 500 may be made of glass or plastic.
- FIG. 2A to 2C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 1 described above. Therefore, repeated description of the same configuration will be omitted.
- the barrier layer 200 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the substrate 100, and the solar cell layer 300 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the barrier layer 200.
- a thin film layer for the first electrode 301 is formed on one surface of the barrier layer 200, and then a predetermined area of the thin film layer is removed through a laser scribing process to perform first separation.
- a plurality of first electrodes 301 are formed by forming the portion P1, and then a first conductive charge transfer layer 302, a light absorption layer 303 and a second conductive layer are formed on the first electrode 301.
- a charge transfer layer 304 is sequentially formed, and thereafter, predetermined regions of the first conductive charge transfer layer 302, the light absorption layer 303, and the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 are formed through a laser scribing process.
- the contact portion P2 is removed to form the contact portion P2, and then, after forming a thin film layer for the second electrode 305 on the second conductive charge transfer layer 304, a predetermined area of the thin film layer is performed through a laser scribing process. is removed to form the second separation portion P3 to form the second electrode 305 connected to the first electrode 301 through the contact portion P2, and then, the outermost first electrode 305 is formed. It can be obtained through a process of forming the first terminal 306 on the electrode 301 and forming the first terminal 307 on the outermost second electrode 305 on the other side.
- the first conductive charge transfer layer 302, the light absorption layer 303, and the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 may be formed through a deposition process or a coating process.
- the encapsulation layer 400 including the first encapsulation layer 410 and the second encapsulation layer 420 is formed on one surface of the solar cell layer 300, for example, on the upper surface.
- a protective layer 500 is formed on one surface of the encapsulation layer 400, for example, on the upper surface.
- 3A to 3C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 1 described above. Therefore, repeated description of the same configuration will be omitted.
- the barrier layer 200 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the substrate 100, and the solar cell layer 300 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the barrier layer 200.
- a second encapsulation layer 420 is formed on one surface of the protective layer 500, and a first encapsulation layer 410 is formed on one surface of the second encapsulation layer 420.
- an encapsulation layer 400 is formed on one surface of the protective layer 500 .
- the encapsulation layer 400 and the protective layer 500 are applied to the solar cell layer 300 while bringing the first encapsulation layer 410 into contact with the solar cell layer 300.
- a solar cell as shown in FIG. 1 is completed by pressure lamination on the upper surface of
- the method according to FIGS. 2A to 2C directly deposits and forms the encapsulation layer 400 on the upper surface of the solar cell layer 300, the solar cell layer 300 during the deposition process of the encapsulation layer 400 It may be preferable to perform the deposition process of the encapsulation layer 400 at a low temperature range of 80 to 150° C. in order to prevent damage.
- the method according to FIGS. 3A to 3C deposits the encapsulation layer 400 on the upper surface of the protective layer 500 without directly depositing it on the upper surface of the solar cell layer 300, the encapsulation layer 400 There is no risk of damage to the solar cell layer 300 during the deposition process of ), so there is an advantage in that the deposition process of the encapsulation layer 400 can be performed in a higher temperature range, for example, in the range of 150 to 250 ° C. A dense film-like encapsulation layer 400 can be formed.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 100, a barrier layer 200, a solar cell layer 300, an encapsulation layer 400, and a protective layer 500. It is done.
- the solar cell layer 300 includes a substrate-type solar cell 310, a perovskite solar cell 320, a first electrode 301, a second electrode 305, and a connection line 340. .
- the substrate-type solar cell 310 includes a semiconductor substrate 311, a first semiconductor layer 312, a second semiconductor layer 313, a third semiconductor layer 314, a fourth semiconductor layer 315, a first transparent It includes an electrode layer 316 and a second transparent electrode layer 317 .
- the semiconductor substrate 311 may be formed of an N-type semiconductor wafer.
- One surface and the other surface of the semiconductor substrate 311, specifically, an upper surface and a lower surface may be formed in a concavo-convex structure.
- the plurality of layers stacked on one surface of the semiconductor substrate 311 and the plurality of layers stacked on the other surface of the semiconductor substrate 311 have a concavo-convex structure corresponding to the concavo-convex structure of the semiconductor substrate 311. can be layered.
- the concavo-convex structure may be formed on only one surface of the semiconductor substrate 311 and the other surface, and the concavo-convex structure may not be formed on both the one surface and the other surface of the semiconductor substrate 311.
- the first semiconductor layer 312 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate 311 .
- the first semiconductor layer 312 is formed through a thin film deposition process such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD), and is an intrinsic semiconductor layer, such as an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- the first semiconductor layer 312 may be formed of a semiconductor layer doped with a small amount of dopant, for example, a small amount of n-type dopant, for example, an amorphous silicon layer doped with a small amount of n-type dopant.
- the second semiconductor layer 313 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the first semiconductor layer 312 .
- the second semiconductor layer 313 is formed through a thin film deposition process and may be formed of, for example, an n-type semiconductor layer having the same polarity as that of the semiconductor substrate 311 or the first semiconductor layer 312 .
- the second semiconductor layer 313 may be formed of an n-type amorphous silicon layer.
- the third semiconductor layer 314 is formed on the other surface, for example, the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 311 .
- the third semiconductor layer 314 is formed through a thin film deposition process and may be formed of an intrinsic semiconductor layer, such as an intrinsic amorphous silicon layer. However, in some cases, the third semiconductor layer 314 may be formed of an amorphous silicon layer doped with a small amount of dopant, for example, a small amount of p-type dopant. In this case, the polarity of the dopant doped in the third semiconductor layer 314 is opposite to the polarity of the dopant doped in the first semiconductor layer 312 .
- the fourth semiconductor layer 315 is formed on the other surface, for example, the lower surface of the third semiconductor layer 314 .
- the fourth semiconductor layer 315 is formed through a thin film deposition process and may be formed of a semiconductor layer doped with a predetermined dopant. In this case, the polarity of the dopant doped in the fourth semiconductor layer 315 is opposite to the polarity of the dopant doped in the second semiconductor layer 313 .
- the fourth semiconductor layer 315 may be formed of a p-type amorphous silicon layer.
- the first transparent electrode layer 316 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the second semiconductor layer 313 .
- the first transparent electrode layer 316 is formed through a thin film deposition process such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), or physical vapor deposition (PVD).
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the first transparent electrode layer 316 can function as a buffer layer between the substrate-type solar cell 310 and the perovskite solar cell 320, so that the substrate-type solar cell 310 and the perovskite solar cell A separate buffer layer between the skid solar cells 320 is not required.
- a separate buffer layer may be added between the substrate-type solar cell 310 and the perovskite solar cell 320 .
- the second transparent electrode layer 317 is formed on the other surface, for example, the lower surface of the fourth semiconductor layer 315 .
- the second transparent electrode layer 317 may be formed through a thin film deposition process such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), or physical vapor deposition (PVD).
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the perovskite solar cell 320 includes a first conductive charge transfer layer 302 , a light absorption layer 303 , and a second conductive charge transfer layer 304 .
- the first electrode 301 is formed on the other surface, for example, the lower surface of the second transparent electrode layer 317 of the substrate-type solar cell 310, and the second electrode 305 is the perovskite solar cell ( 320) is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the second conductive charge transfer layer 304.
- the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 305 may be formed in a predetermined pattern so that sunlight may be incident into the solar cell.
- the unit cell of the solar cell shown in FIG. 4 is constituted by a combination of the substrate-type solar cell 310, the perovskite solar cell 320, the first electrode 301, and the second electrode 305.
- connection line 340 connects between a plurality of unit cells composed of a combination of the substrate-type solar cell 310, the perovskite solar cell 320, the first electrode 301, and the second electrode 305. Serves as a series connection.
- connection line 340 electrically connects the first electrode 301 of one unit cell and the second electrode 305 of another unit cell adjacent thereto, and thus, the connection line 340 It is provided in a region between unit cells adjacent to each other.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the solar cell layer 300 . As in the above-described embodiment, the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the entire top surface of the solar cell layer 300 and also to cover the top surface of the barrier layer 200 exposed to the outside.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the side surfaces of the unit cells, penetration of external moisture or oxygen into the unit cells through the side surfaces of the unit cells can be prevented.
- the encapsulation layer 400 may be formed to cover the side surfaces of all unit cells by covering the side surfaces of the outermost unit cells and filling a region between two adjacent unit cells.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the side surface of the substrate-type solar cell 310, and specifically, the semiconductor substrate 311, the first semiconductor layer 312, and the second semiconductor layer 313 , The third semiconductor layer 314, the fourth semiconductor layer 315, the first transparent electrode layer 316 and the second transparent electrode layer 317 are formed to cover each side.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the side surface of the perovskite solar cell 320, and specifically, the first conductive charge transfer layer 302, the light absorption layer 303, and the second A conductive charge transfer layer 304 is formed to cover each side surface.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to contact the connection line 340 provided in a region between two adjacent unit cells.
- the encapsulation layer 400 may include a first encapsulation layer 410 and a second encapsulation layer 420 as in the above-described embodiment.
- the first encapsulation layer 410 is formed on the solar cell layer 300 to contact the solar cell layer 300
- the second encapsulation layer 420 is formed on the first encapsulation layer 410 and the solar cell layer 300 ) may not be in contact with
- Each of the first encapsulation layer 410 and the second encapsulation layer 420 is formed to fill a region between two unit cells, and since each specific configuration is the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, a repeated description thereof will be omitted.
- the protective layer 500 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the encapsulation layer 400 .
- the protective layer 500 may be formed to cover the entire top surface of the encapsulation layer 400 .
- 5A to 5C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 4 described above. Therefore, repeated description of the same configuration will be omitted.
- a barrier layer 200 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of a substrate 100, and a solar cell layer 300 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the barrier layer 200.
- the solar cell layer 300 forms a substrate-type solar cell 310, forms a perovskite solar cell 320 on the substrate-type solar cell 310, and forms the substrate-type solar cell 310
- a first electrode 301 is formed on the lower surface of the perovskite solar cell 320
- a second electrode 305 is formed on the upper surface of the perovskite solar cell 320
- the first electrode 301 of one unit cell and the other one It can be formed through a process of connecting the second electrode 305 of the unit cell of the connection line 340.
- the solar cell layer 300 formed in this way may be stacked on the upper surface of the barrier layer 200 .
- a first semiconductor layer 312 is formed on a top surface of a semiconductor substrate 311, and a second semiconductor layer 313 is formed on the top surface of the first semiconductor layer 312.
- a third semiconductor layer 314 is formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 311, a fourth semiconductor layer 315 is formed on the lower surface of the third semiconductor layer 314, and the second semiconductor layer 315 is formed. It can be formed through a process of forming the first transparent electrode layer 316 on the upper surface of the layer 313 and then forming the second transparent electrode layer 317 on the lower surface of the fourth semiconductor layer 315. , but is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the perovskite solar cell 320 sequentially forms a first conductive charge transfer layer 302, a light absorption layer 303, and a second conductive charge transfer layer 304 on the first transparent electrode layer 316. It can be formed through a process.
- an encapsulation layer 400 is formed on one surface of the solar cell layer 300, for example, on the upper surface.
- a protective layer 500 is formed on one surface of the encapsulation layer 400, for example, on the upper surface.
- 6A to 6C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 4 described above. Therefore, repeated description of the same configuration will be omitted.
- the barrier layer 200 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the substrate 100, and the solar cell layer 300 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the barrier layer 200.
- an encapsulation layer 400 is formed on one surface of the protective layer 500.
- the second encapsulation layer 420 is formed on one surface of the protective layer 500 in the same manner as in FIG. 3B described above, and the first encapsulation layer is formed on one surface of the second encapsulation layer 420.
- the encapsulation layer 400 may be formed on one surface of the protective layer 500.
- the encapsulation layer 400 and the protective layer 500 are placed on the upper surface of the solar cell layer 300 while bringing the encapsulation layer 400 into contact with the solar cell layer 300.
- the solar cell as shown in FIG. 4 is completed by pressure lamination.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 100, a barrier layer 200, a solar cell layer 300, an encapsulation layer 400, and a protective layer 500. It is done by
- the solar cell layer 300 includes a perovskite solar cell 320, a buffer layer 330, a substrate-type solar cell 310, an electrode 309, and a connection line 340.
- the perovskite solar cell 320 includes a first conductive charge transfer layer 302, a light absorption layer 303, and a second conductive charge transfer layer 304 sequentially formed on the upper surface of the barrier layer 200. It is done by
- a separator P is formed in the perovskite solar cell 320, and a plurality of unit cells can be divided by the separator P.
- the unit cell may be formed by a combination of the perovskite solar cell 320, the buffer layer 330, the substrate-type solar cell 310, and the electrode 309.
- the separating portion P is configured to separate predetermined regions of the first conductive charge transfer layer 302, the light absorption layer 303, and the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 constituting the perovskite solar cell 320. form by removing
- the separating portion P may be formed through a primary scribing process, in particular, a laser scribing process. An upper surface of the barrier layer 200 is exposed in the region where the separation portion P is formed.
- a contact portion C is formed in the perovskite solar cell 320 .
- the contact portion (C) is spaced apart from the separation portion (P).
- the contact portion C is formed by removing predetermined regions of the light absorption layer 303 and the second conductive charge transfer layer 304 .
- the contact portion C is for serially connecting two unit cells adjacent to each other.
- the contact portion C may be formed through a secondary scribing process, in particular, a laser scribing process.
- An upper surface of the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 is exposed in the region where the contact portion C is formed.
- the buffer layer 330 is formed between the perovskite solar cell 320 and the substrate-type solar cell 310 . That is, the buffer layer 330 is formed on the upper surface of the perovskite solar cell 320 and the lower surface of the substrate-type solar cell 310 .
- the buffer layer 330 is individually formed for each unit cell.
- the buffer layer 330 is formed so as not to overlap with the contact portion C, so that the contact portion C is exposed without being covered by the buffer layer 330 .
- the buffer layer 330 includes a film 331 and a conductive layer 332 .
- the film 331 has a plurality of holes, and the conductive layer 332 fills the plurality of holes.
- the film 331 may be made of an organic polymer compound, but is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the plurality of holes may be formed to pass through the film 331 , and the conductive layer 332 may also be formed to pass through the film 331 . Therefore, the conductive layer 332 is in contact with the uppermost surface of the perovskite solar cell 320, for example, the second conductive charge transfer layer 304, and also the lowermost surface of the substrate-type solar cell 310, For example, it may contact the fourth semiconductor layer 315 .
- the plurality of holes and the conductive layer 332 may have a lattice structure extending in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction on a plan view.
- the substrate-type solar cell 310 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the buffer layer 320 .
- the substrate-type solar cell 310 includes a semiconductor substrate 311, a first semiconductor layer 312, a second semiconductor layer 313, a third semiconductor layer 314, and a fourth semiconductor layer 315, It is done.
- the specific configuration of the first semiconductor layer 312, the second semiconductor layer 313, the third semiconductor layer 314, and the fourth semiconductor layer 315 is the same as in FIG. 4, so repeated descriptions are omitted. do it with Meanwhile, although not shown, as in FIG. 4 described above, a first transparent electrode layer 316 is additionally formed on the upper surface of the second semiconductor layer 313, and a lower surface of the fourth semiconductor layer 315 2 transparent electrode layers 317 may be additionally formed.
- the electrode 309 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the substrate-type solar cell 310 .
- the electrode 309 may be formed in a predetermined pattern to allow sunlight to enter the solar cell.
- the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 of the perovskite solar cell 320 may function as a lower electrode of a unit cell, and the electrode 309 may function as an upper electrode of a unit cell. .
- connection line 340 connects in series between a plurality of unit cells composed of a combination of the perovskite solar cell 320, the buffer layer 330, the substrate-type solar cell 310, and the electrode 309 play a role
- connection line 340 electrically connects the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 of one unit cell and the electrode 309 of another unit cell adjacent thereto, and thus, the connection line 340 Is provided in the region between unit cells adjacent to each other.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the solar cell layer 300 . As in the above-described embodiment, the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the entire top surface of the solar cell layer 300 and also to cover the top surface of the barrier layer 200 exposed to the outside.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the side surfaces of the unit cells, penetration of external moisture or oxygen into the unit cells through the side surfaces of the unit cells can be prevented.
- the encapsulation layer 400 may be formed to cover the side surfaces of all unit cells by covering the side surfaces of the outermost unit cells and filling a region between two adjacent unit cells.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the side surface of the substrate-type solar cell 310, and specifically, the semiconductor substrate 311, the first semiconductor layer 312, and the second semiconductor layer 313 , the third semiconductor layer 314, and the fourth semiconductor layer 315 are formed to cover each side.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the side surface of the perovskite solar cell 320, and specifically, the first conductive charge transfer layer 302, the light absorption layer 303, and the second A conductive charge transfer layer 304 is formed to cover each side surface.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to cover the side surface of the buffer layer 320 .
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to contact the connection line 340 provided in a region between two adjacent unit cells.
- the encapsulation layer 400 is formed to fill the contact portion (C).
- the encapsulation layer 400 may be formed to fill the separator P.
- the encapsulation layer 400 may include a first encapsulation layer 410 and a second encapsulation layer 420 as in the above-described embodiment.
- the first encapsulation layer 410 is formed on the solar cell layer 300 to contact the solar cell layer 300
- the second encapsulation layer 420 is formed on the first encapsulation layer 410 and the solar cell layer 300 ) may not be in contact with
- Each of the first encapsulation layer 410 and the second encapsulation layer 420 is formed to fill a region between two unit cells, and since each specific configuration is the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, a repeated description thereof will be omitted.
- the protective layer 500 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the encapsulation layer 400 .
- the protective layer 500 may be formed to cover the entire top surface of the encapsulation layer 400 .
- 8A to 8C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 7 described above. Therefore, repeated description of the same configuration will be omitted.
- a barrier layer 200 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of a substrate 100, and a solar cell layer 300 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the barrier layer 200.
- the solar cell layer 300 forms a perovskite solar cell 320, forms a buffer layer 330 on the perovskite solar cell 320, and forms a substrate-type substrate on the buffer layer 330.
- a solar cell 310 is formed, an electrode 309 is formed on the substrate-type solar cell 310, the first conductive charge transfer layer 302 of one unit cell and the electrode of another unit cell ( 309) may be formed through a process of connecting the connection line 340.
- a first conductive charge transfer layer 302, a light absorption layer 303, and a second conductive charge transfer layer 304 are sequentially formed on the barrier layer 200, and 1
- the separating portion P may be formed through a secondary scribing process, and the contact portion C may be formed through a secondary scribing process.
- the buffer layer 330 may be formed through a process of forming a film 331 having a plurality of holes on the perovskite solar cell 320 and filling the inside of the plurality of holes with a conductive layer 332. have.
- a first semiconductor layer 312 is formed on a top surface of a semiconductor substrate 311, and a second semiconductor layer 313 is formed on the top surface of the first semiconductor layer 312. and forming a third semiconductor layer 314 on the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 311 and forming a fourth semiconductor layer 315 on the lower surface of the third semiconductor layer 314.
- the formed substrate-type solar cell 310 may be stacked on the buffer layer 330 .
- an encapsulation layer 400 is formed on one surface of the solar cell layer 300, for example, on the upper surface.
- a protective layer 500 is formed on one surface of the encapsulation layer 400, for example, on the upper surface.
- 9A to 9C are manufacturing process diagrams of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention, which relate to the manufacturing method of the solar cell according to FIG. 7 described above. Therefore, repeated description of the same configuration will be omitted.
- the barrier layer 200 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the substrate 100, and the solar cell layer 300 is formed on one surface, for example, the upper surface of the barrier layer 200.
- an encapsulation layer 400 is formed on one surface of the protective layer 500 .
- the second encapsulation layer 420 is formed on one surface of the protective layer 500 in the same manner as in FIG. 3B described above, and the first encapsulation layer is formed on one surface of the second encapsulation layer 420.
- the encapsulation layer 400 may be formed on one surface of the protective layer 500.
- the encapsulation layer 400 and the protective layer 500 are placed on the upper surface of the solar cell layer 300 while bringing the encapsulation layer 400 into contact with the solar cell layer 300.
- the solar cell as shown in FIG. 4 is completed by pressure lamination.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (19)
- 기판 상에 구비된 태양 전지층; 및상기 태양 전지층 상에 구비된 봉지층을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 봉지층은 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화물 또는 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화 질화물을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 금속 산화물 또는 금속 산화 질화물은 W, Nb, 및 Sn으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 하나의 금속을 포함하여 이루어진 태양 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 봉지층은 상기 태양 전지층과 접하는 제1 봉지층 및 상기 제1 봉지층 상에 형성되며 상기 태양 전지층과 접하지 않는 제2 봉지층을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화물 또는 상기 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화 질화물은 상기 제2 봉지층 내에 포함되고, 상기 제1 봉지층은 절연 물질로 이루어진 태양 전지.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제2 봉지층은 서로 상이한 물질의 복수의 층으로 이루어진 태양 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 도펀트 물질은 상기 금속 산화물 또는 상기 금속 산화 질화물 내에서 산화물을 형성시킬 수 있는 물질을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 도펀트 물질의 산화물의 굴절율이 상기 금속 산화물의 굴절율 또는 상기 금속 질화물의 굴절율보다 낮은 태양 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 태양 전지층은 기판형 태양 전지 및 페로브스카이트 태양 전지를 포함하는 태양 전지.
- 기판 상에 구비된 태양 전지층; 및상기 태양 전지층 상에 구비된 봉지층을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 태양 전지층은 직렬로 연결된 복수의 단위셀을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 봉지층은 상기 태양 전지층과 접하는 제1 봉지층 및 상기 태양 전지층과 접하지 않으면서 상기 제1 봉지층 상에 구비된 제2 봉지층을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 제1 봉지층과 상기 제2 봉지층은 서로 인접하는 두 개의 단위셀 사이 영역을 채우도록 구비된 태양 전지.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 태양 전지층은 제1 분리부를 사이에 두고 이격된 복수의 제1 전극, 상기 복수의 제1 전극 상에 구비되며 콘택부 및 제2 분리부를 사이에 두고 이격된 복수의 페로브스카이트 태양 전지, 및 상기 복수의 페로브스카이트 태양 전지 상에 구비되며 상기 콘택부를 통해 상기 제1 전극과 연결되는 복수의 제2 전극을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 제1 봉지층과 상기 제2 봉지층은 상기 제2 분리부 내부를 채우도록 구비된 태양 전지.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 태양 전지층은 기판형 태양 전지, 상기 기판형 태양 전지 상에 구비된 페로브스카이트 태양 전지, 상기 기판형 태양 전지의 하면에 구비된 제1 전극, 및 상기 페로브스카이트 태양 전지의 상면에 구비된 제2 전극, 및 하나의 단위셀 내의 상기 제1 전극과 다른 하나의 단위셀 내의 상기 제2 전극 사이를 연결하는 연결 라인을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 제1 봉지층과 상기 제2 봉지층은 상기 연결 라인과 접하는 태양 전지.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 태양 전지층은 콘택부를 구비한 페로브스카이트 태양 전지, 상기 페로브스카이트 태양 전지 상에 구비되며 복수의 홀을 구비한 필름 및 상기 복수의 홀 내에 채워진 도전층을 포함하여 이루어진 버퍼층, 상기 버퍼층 상에 구비된 기판형 태양 전지, 상기 기판형 태양 전지 상에 구비된 전극, 및 상기 콘택부를 통해서 하나의 단위셀과 다른 하나의 단위셀을 직렬로 연결하는 연결 라인을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 제1 봉지층과 상기 제2 봉지층은 상기 콘택부를 채우도록 구비된 태양 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 기판과 상기 태양 전지층 사이에 구비된 배리어층을 추가로 포함하고,상기 봉지층은 상기 태양 전지층에 의해 가려지지 않고 노출된 상기 배리어층의 가장 자리 영역을 덮도록 구비된 태양 전지.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 기판과 상기 태양 전지층 사이에 구비된 배리어층을 추가로 포함하고,상기 봉지층은 상기 태양 전지층에 의해 가려지지 않고 노출된 상기 배리어층의 가장 자리 영역을 덮도록 구비된 태양 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 봉지층 상에 보호층이 추가로 구비된 태양 전지.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 봉지층 상에 보호층이 추가로 구비된 태양 전지.
- 기판 상에 태양 전지층을 형성하는 공정;상기 태양 전지층 상에 봉지층을 형성하는 공정; 및상기 봉지층 상에 보호층을 형성하는 공정을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 봉지층은 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화물 또는 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화 질화물을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 금속 산화물 또는 금속 산화 질화물은 W, Nb, 및 Sn으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 하나의 금속을 포함하여 이루어진 태양 전지의 제조 방법.
- 기판 상에 태양 전지층을 형성하는 공정;보호층의 일면 상에 봉지층을 형성하는 공정; 및상기 봉지층을 상기 태양 전지층에 접하도록 하면서 상기 봉지층과 상기 보호층을 상기 태양 전지층의 일면에 가압 적층하는 공정을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 봉지층은 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화물 또는 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화 질화물을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 금속 산화물 또는 금속 산화 질화물은 W, Nb, 및 Sn으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 하나의 금속을 포함하여 이루어진 태양 전지의 제조 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 봉지층은 상기 태양 전지층과 접하는 제1 봉지층 및 상기 제1 봉지층 상에 형성되며 상기 태양 전지층과 접하지 않는 제2 봉지층을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화물 또는 상기 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화 질화물은 상기 제2 봉지층 내에 포함되고, 상기 제1 봉지층은 절연 물질로 이루어진 태양 전지의 제조 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 봉지층은 상기 태양 전지층과 접하는 제1 봉지층 및 상기 제1 봉지층 상에 형성되며 상기 태양 전지층과 접하지 않는 제2 봉지층을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화물 또는 상기 도펀트 물질이 도핑된 금속 산화 질화물은 상기 제2 봉지층 내에 포함되고, 상기 제1 봉지층은 절연 물질로 이루어진 태양 전지의 제조 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 도펀트 물질은 상기 금속 산화물 또는 상기 금속 산화 질화물 내에서 산화물을 형성시킬 수 있는 물질을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 도펀트 물질의 산화물의 굴절율이 상기 금속 산화물의 굴절율 또는 상기 금속 질화물의 굴절율보다 낮은 태양 전지의 제조 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 도펀트 물질은 상기 금속 산화물 또는 상기 금속 산화 질화물 내에서 산화물을 형성시킬 수 있는 물질을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 도펀트 물질의 산화물의 굴절율이 상기 금속 산화물의 굴절율 또는 상기 금속 질화물의 굴절율보다 낮은 태양 전지의 제조 방법.
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| WO2024193414A1 (zh) * | 2023-03-21 | 2024-09-26 | 天合光能股份有限公司 | 钙钛矿电池及钙钛矿电池的制备方法 |
| WO2024260174A1 (zh) * | 2023-06-19 | 2024-12-26 | 隆基绿能科技股份有限公司 | 一种背接触太阳能电池及其制备方法和光伏组件 |
| WO2025225230A1 (ja) * | 2024-04-24 | 2025-10-30 | 株式会社アイシン | ペロブスカイト太陽電池 |
| WO2025249421A1 (ja) * | 2024-05-30 | 2025-12-04 | 京セラ株式会社 | 太陽電池モジュール |
| WO2026083160A1 (en) * | 2024-10-15 | 2026-04-23 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Photoelectric conversion module, method for producing photoelectric conversion module, electronic device, power supply module, and building material |
| FR3167758A1 (fr) * | 2024-10-22 | 2026-04-24 | Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives | Procédé de fabrication d’un dispositif optoélectronique |
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| JP7720937B1 (ja) * | 2024-02-29 | 2025-08-08 | シャープエネルギーソリューション株式会社 | 光電変換素子、光電変換モジュールおよび光電変換システム |
| KR102907283B1 (ko) * | 2024-03-21 | 2025-12-31 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 투명전극 필름과 이를 갖는 광전소자 필름 및 광전 셀 |
| CN223310222U (zh) * | 2024-07-15 | 2025-09-05 | 宁德时代未来能源(上海)研究院有限公司 | 太阳能电池、用电设备、发电设备 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR20220162951A (ko) | 2022-12-09 |
| JP7765500B2 (ja) | 2025-11-06 |
| CN117501456A (zh) | 2024-02-02 |
| KR102931822B1 (ko) | 2026-03-04 |
| JP2024521737A (ja) | 2024-06-04 |
| US20250098395A1 (en) | 2025-03-20 |
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