WO2022252820A1 - 一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关 - Google Patents

一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022252820A1
WO2022252820A1 PCT/CN2022/085888 CN2022085888W WO2022252820A1 WO 2022252820 A1 WO2022252820 A1 WO 2022252820A1 CN 2022085888 W CN2022085888 W CN 2022085888W WO 2022252820 A1 WO2022252820 A1 WO 2022252820A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact
chuck
electric switch
multiple suction
movable contact
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/085888
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
南寅
吴来顺
罗沈
刘万里
施谦
余志华
吕毅华
张炎
Original Assignee
天津首瑞智能电气有限公司
北京京人电器有限公司
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Application filed by 天津首瑞智能电气有限公司, 北京京人电器有限公司 filed Critical 天津首瑞智能电气有限公司
Publication of WO2022252820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022252820A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/54—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers

Definitions

  • the application relates to the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, in particular to an electric switch.
  • the switch is the most important power distribution equipment in the low-voltage power distribution system. With the continuous improvement of power engineering requirements for power supply and power transmission and distribution equipment, the performance requirements for circuit protection switches are also getting higher and higher, miniaturization, high performance , modularization, and high reliability are the main development directions of air switches at this stage.
  • the short-term withstand capacity is an important index of the switch. It refers to the maximum short-circuit current that the switch can withstand within a certain period of time. It has high requirements for the dynamic stability of the switch. In the actual use of the switch, the peak value of the short-circuit current It can often reach hundreds of thousands of amperes. Such a large current flowing through the conductive circuit of the switch will generate a large electric repulsion between the moving and static contacts.
  • the contacts will break When the contact is repulsed under the action of electric repulsion, an arc will be generated between the contacts. The existence of the arc will seriously ablate the contacts, and even cause welding, which will cause permanent damage to the switch and lead to breaking failure.
  • the electric repulsion between the moving and static contacts of the existing switch is mainly composed of two parts, one part is the Lorentz force generated by the current under the action of the magnetic field, and the other part is the Holm force generated by the contraction of the current line at the contact point of the contacts, which occurs
  • the electric repulsion force generated on the moving contact during short circuit is very huge, and it is easy to repel the moving contact. Therefore, to ensure that the moving contacts of the switch are not repelled, the suction force generated by the short-circuit current must be used to offset the generated contact repulsion, thereby improving the short-term withstand capacity of the switch.
  • this application provides an electric switch with multiple suction superimposed, by optimizing the original static contact to the structure of the movable chuck, the Lorentz force generated by the current under the action of the magnetic field is converted into an electric suction , to offset part of the Homem's force due to the contraction of the current line at the contact point of the contact, and at the same time set the magnetic guide on the chuck.
  • the magnetic guide is magnetized, and the suction force increases.
  • Superimposed pressing force double suction superimposes to clamp the contacts together, prevents the burning loss caused by the arc caused by the contact repulsion caused by the large current, and improves the short-term withstand capacity of the switch.
  • the application provides an electric switch with multiple suction superimpositions, which at least includes an insulating shell, an operating mechanism, an incoming wire end, an outgoing wire end, a movable contact and a chuck, the conductor at the incoming wire end is connected to the chuck, and the conductor at the outgoing wire end is connected to the movable contact.
  • the conductor connecting the wire inlet end and the chuck is a soft wire or a hard wire.
  • the movable contact moves into or out of the chuck under the action of the operating mechanism.
  • the collet includes at least a pair of collet contact fingers.
  • the pair of collet contact fingers are respectively arranged on both sides of the movable contact. They are respectively fixed on the contact fingers of the chuck, and a gap is arranged between a pair of magnetic guide parts.
  • the magnetic conductive member when the current flowing into the clamp is greater than the rated current of the switch, the magnetic conductive member generates a magnetic field to push the clamp to move inward to clamp the movable contact.
  • upper movable contacts are provided on both sides of the movable contact, and the upper movable contacts are made of an alloy material.
  • a lower movable contact is provided on the contact finger of the chuck, and the lower movable contact is made of an alloy material. After the movable contact is inserted into the chuck, the upper movable contact contacts the lower movable contact.
  • a static contact is further included, the static contact and the collet are connected in parallel, and both the static contact and the collet are connected to the incoming line end.
  • the movable contact can be in contact with the static contact and/or the collet.
  • the movable contact may not touch or touch when inserted into the chuck under the action of the operating mechanism.
  • the operating mechanism at least includes an upper link, a lower link, a trip lever and a rotating shaft, and the upper link and the lower link drive the rotating shaft to drive the moving contact and the static contact and/or the clip contact, the trip lever can be unlocked through the shunt release, and the moving contact is disconnected from the static contact and/or the chuck.
  • the moving contact is connected to the rotating shaft, the moving contact is provided with a yoke, and the yoke is arranged in front and/or behind the rotating shaft.
  • the yoke is fixed on the moving contact and rotates together with the moving contact.
  • a fixed armature is provided in the direction facing the yoke, and when the moving contact flows in a current greater than the rated current of the switch, the yoke generates a magnetic field and attracts the fixed armature to prevent The moving contact repelled.
  • the movable contact is a front and rear bridge-type rotary double contact, and the front and rear of the bridge-type rotary double contact are correspondingly provided with collets.
  • the movable contact is a left and right U-shaped double contact, and the left and right of the U-shaped double contact are correspondingly provided with collets.
  • This application provides an electric switch with multiple suction superimposed.
  • the electric suction is generated due to the isotropy of the chuck current to clamp the movable contact.
  • a magnetic conductive part is set around the chuck.
  • the magnetic conductive part is magnetized to generate electromagnetic suction to further clamp the moving contact.
  • the superposition of the two suctions ensures that the chuck can clamp the moving contact stably. , Improve the dynamic stability of the switch, thereby improving the short-term tolerance of the switch.
  • This application provides an electric switch with multiple suction superpositions.
  • a movable chuck in parallel with the original static contact and setting a yoke on the movable contact, when a large short-circuit current passes through, the chuck will The structure will generate the above-mentioned double suction force to clamp the moving contact, and at the same time, the current passing through the moving contact will magnetize the yoke, which will generate suction with the armature to increase the contact pressure of the moving contact to the static contact, so that under the joint action of multiple suction forces Next, make the moving contact reliably contact with the static contact and the chuck, so as to improve the short-term withstand capacity of the switch.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a rotating shaft, a moving contact and a collet of an electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the chuck structure of the electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a rotating shaft, a moving contact and a collet of an electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the state of the moving contact, the static contact, and the chuck when the electric switch with multiple suction superpositions carries a rated current according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the state of the moving contact, the static contact and the chuck when the electric switch with multiple suction superimposed in the third embodiment of the present application is subjected to a short-circuit current.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure in front of the yoke placed in front of the rotating shaft of the electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the electric switch with multiple suction superpositions in the fourth embodiment of the present application, where the yoke is placed behind the rotating shaft.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric switch with multiple suction superimpositions adopting front and rear bridge double contacts according to the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a left and right U-shaped double contact for an electric switch with multiple suction superpositions according to the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • the present embodiment discloses an electric switch with multiple suction superimposed, including an insulating shell 10, an operating mechanism 20, an incoming wire end 30, an outgoing wire end 40, a moving contact 50 and a chuck 60, and the operating mechanism 20.
  • the incoming wire end 30, the outgoing wire end 40, the movable contact 50 and the collet 60 are all accommodated in the cavity of the insulating casing 10, the incoming wire end 30 is electrically connected to the collet 60 through the first conductor 301, and the movable contact 50 It is electrically connected to the outlet terminal 40 through the second conductor 401, wherein the first conductor 301 is a soft wire or a hard wire.
  • the operating mechanism 20 includes an upper connecting rod 201, a lower connecting rod 202, a trip lever 203 and a rotating shaft 204.
  • the movable contact 50 is hinged in the rotating shaft 204, and the rotating shaft 204 is driven by the transmission of the upper connecting rod 201 and the lower connecting rod 202 to drive the moving contact.
  • the head 50 is moved into and out of the collet 60 .
  • the upper movable contact 501 is arranged on both sides of the movable contact 50, and the upper movable contact 501 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the movable contact 50, and the upper movable contact 501 is an alloy material, optional Silver base alloy.
  • the collet 60 includes a pair of collet contact fingers 601, a contact spring 602, a limit shaft 603 and a magnetic guide 604.
  • the collet contact fingers 601 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, and two through holes are arranged on the collet contact fingers 601.
  • Two limit shafts 603 are slidably arranged in the magnetic member 604 left and right, and the contact spring 602 is worn on the limit shaft 603, and is arranged between the collet contact finger 601 and the magnetic member 604, so that the collet contact finger 601 is kept at the initial force-bearing position, the magnetic conducting part 604 is U-shaped, and the U-shaped openings of a pair of magnetic conducting parts 604 are arranged opposite to each other. There is a gap between the openings of the pair of magnetic conducting parts 604.
  • the lower movable contact 605, the lower movable contact 605 is made of an alloy material, and silver-based alloy is optional.
  • the collet 60 is fixed in the insulating shell 10.
  • the operating mechanism 20 drives the movable contact 50 to insert the collet 60 into motion, the movable contact 50 will push the collet contact finger 601 outward, and when the upper movable contact 501 moves
  • the conductive circuit of the switch is connected, and the switch can carry the normal rated current , when a large short-circuit current occurs in the conductive circuit, a pair of chuck fingers 601 are respectively arranged on both sides of the movable contact 50, and the currents flowing through the pair of chuck fingers 601 are in the same direction, because the currents in the same direction attract each other
  • a large electric force will be generated to make the collet contact finger 601 clamp the movable contact 50, and at the same time, the magnetic guide 604 arranged on the collet contact
  • a shunt release 21 can also be provided in the insulating case 10, and the shunt release 21 can drive the trip lever 203 to make the transmission of the upper link 201 and the lower link 202 of the operating mechanism 20
  • the driving shaft 204 drives the moving contact 50 to move out of the collet 60 .
  • the present embodiment discloses another electric switch with multiple suction superimposed structures, which includes an insulating casing 10 , an operating mechanism 20 , an incoming wire end 30 , an outgoing wire end 40 , and a moving contact 50 , chuck 60 and static contact 70, different from the first embodiment, the switch also includes a static contact 70, the static contact 70 and the chuck 60 are connected in parallel, and both the static contact 70 and the chuck 60 are connected to the incoming line end 30 connection, the static contact 70 is a flat plate structure, including a connecting plate 701, an arc striking angle 702 and a static contact 703, and the arc striking angle 702 and the static contact 703 are fixed on the connecting plate 701 by welding to form a static Contact 70.
  • the structure of the chuck in this embodiment is different from that in Embodiment 1.
  • the collet contact finger 601 is fixed on the spring sheet 606 by riveting or welding, the spring sheet 606 is fastened on the collet support 607 by screws, the magnetic conductive part 604 is arranged on the collet contact finger 601, A pair of magnetic guides 604 are respectively arranged on both sides of a pair of collet contact fingers 601, and a pair of collet contact fingers 601 are located between a pair of magnetic guides 604.
  • the openings of the magnetic member 604 are arranged opposite to each other, and there is a gap between the openings.
  • the chuck support 607 is supported under the static contact 70, the chuck finger 601 is electrically connected to the static contact 70 through a flexible conductor, and the moving contact 50 is also a flat structure, including a moving contact rod 502 and the movable contact 503, and the movable contact 503 is also fixed on the movable contact rod 501 by welding to form the movable contact 50 together.
  • the contact 50 can be in contact with the static contact 70 and the chuck 60 at the same time, the movable contact 503 is in contact with the static contact 703, and the knife insertion surface 5011 is in contact with the chuck contact finger 601.
  • the wire end 30 flows to the movable contact 50 through two parallel branches of the static contact 70 and the chuck 60 .
  • the operating mechanism 20 includes an insulating rotating shaft 204 on which the moving contact 50 is hinged.
  • a magnetic yoke is arranged on the moving contact 50, and the magnetic yoke includes a first magnetic yoke 80 and a second magnetic yoke 81, both of which are U-shaped, respectively.
  • the first magnetic yoke 80 is arranged in front of the rotating shaft 204, and the opening is fixed on the movable contact 50 through rivets downward.
  • the second magnetic yoke 81 is arranged behind the rotating shaft 204, and the opening is upward through the rivets.
  • the rivets are non-magnetic or weakly magnetic materials
  • the first yoke 80 and the second yoke 81 rotate together with the moving contact 50, when the moving contact 50 rotates to the fixed contact 70 and
  • the collet 60 stops moving when it touches the position.
  • a fixed armature is provided in the direction facing the opening of the first yoke 80 and the second yoke 81.
  • a first fixed armature is provided in the direction facing the opening of the first yoke 80.
  • Armature 90, the opening of the second yoke 81 is provided with a second fixed armature 91, the first fixed armature 90 is located below the movable contact 50, the second fixed armature 91 is located above the movable contact 50, and the first fixed armature Between 90 and the first magnetic yoke, between the second fixed armature 91 and the second magnetic yoke 81, there is a suction air gap.
  • the first fixed armature 90 and the second fixed armature 91 are respectively fixed on the insulating shell 10,
  • the first yoke 80 , the second yoke 81 , the first fixed armature 90 and the second fixed armature 91 can be made of soft magnetic materials such as electrical pure iron.
  • the first yoke 80 and the second yoke 81 are magnetized, and a huge suction force is generated between the suction air gap, which makes the moving contact 50 press the static contact tightly.
  • 70 which greatly increases the contact pressure when a large short-circuit current passes through, offsets the Holm force generated between the moving contact 50 and the static contact 70, and ensures that the moving contact 50 and the static contact 70 are not separated when a large current passes. Repulsion occurs, and in addition, the collet 60 connected in parallel with the static contact 70 will generate a large electromotive force between the collet contact fingers 601 so that the collet contact fingers 601 clamp the inserting surface due to the same current flow direction.
  • this embodiment provides a multi-suction superimposed electric switch that is suitable for short-term tolerance Where higher capacity is required.
  • this embodiment discloses another electric switch with multiple suction superimposed structures, including an insulating shell 10, an operating mechanism 20, an incoming wire end 30, an outgoing wire end 40, a moving contact 50,
  • the chuck 60 and the static contact 70 are different from the second embodiment in that when the switch carries a rated current and the movable contact 50 is inserted into the chuck 60, the movable contact 50 contacts the static contact 70, and the movable contact 50 contacts with the static contact 70.
  • the clip 60 is not in contact; when the switch carries a short-circuit current and the movable contact 50 is inserted into the clip 60, the movable contact 50 is in contact with the static contact 70 and the clip 60.
  • the switch when the switch carries a rated current, the current flows from the incoming terminal 30 to the movable contact 50 through the static contact 70 and then to the outgoing terminal 40;
  • the current flowing through 70 magnetizes the magnetic member 604 provided on the chuck 60 to form an electromagnet, and the magnetic member 604 will drive the chuck 60 to move inwards and clamp the movable contact 50.
  • the short-circuit current flowing through the switch will The two parallel branches of the static contact 70 and the chuck 60 flow to the movable contact 50, thereby improving the dynamic and thermal stability of the switch when the short-circuit current passes.
  • this embodiment The provided switch reduces the resistance and impact generated by the clamping head 60 when the moving contact 50 performs closing and opening operations, thereby further improving the service life and reliability of the switch.
  • the present embodiment discloses an electric switch with multiple suction superimposed, including an insulating casing 10, an operating mechanism 20, an incoming wire end 30, an outgoing wire end 40, a moving contact 50, a chuck 60 and
  • the static contact 70 is different from the second embodiment in that the movable contact 50 is only provided with a first yoke 80, and the first yoke 80 is arranged on the front or rear side of the rotating shaft 201.
  • the switch provided by this embodiment has smaller space and lower cost, and is applicable to occasions where the short-term withstand capability of the switch is lower.
  • the present embodiment discloses an electric switch with multiple suction superimposed, including an insulating case 10, an operating mechanism 20, an incoming wire end 30, an outgoing wire end 40, a moving contact 50 and a chuck 60, and the first
  • the movable contact 50 is a front and rear bridge-type rotary double contact
  • the front and rear of the bridge-type rotary double contact are correspondingly provided with chucks 60.
  • this embodiment provides a The switch can be used in occasions with high voltage, high breaking and high short-term withstand capacity.
  • the present embodiment discloses an electric switch with multiple suction superimposed, including an insulating casing 10, an operating mechanism 20, an incoming wire end 30, an outgoing wire end 40, a moving contact 50 and a chuck 60, and the first
  • the movable contact 50 is a left and right U-shaped twin contact
  • the left and right U-shaped twin contacts are correspondingly provided with a chuck 60.
  • the switch provided by this embodiment can be used It is suitable for occasions with high voltage, high breaking and high short-term withstand capacity.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，至少包括绝缘外壳、操作机构、进线端、出线端、动触头及夹头，进线端导体连接夹头，出线端导体连接动触头，动触头在操作机构的作用下，作插入或移出夹头运动，夹头周围设置有导磁件，当夹头有大电流通过时，夹头由于流过电流的同向性，夹头产生吸力夹紧动触头，同时夹头周围的导磁件被磁化产生吸力会使夹头进一步夹紧动触头，两重吸力叠加以抵消触头间的电动斥力，防止大电流造成触头斥开产生电弧引起的烧损，提高了开关的短时耐受能力。

Description

一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年06月04日提交的名称为“一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关”的中国专利申请202110623661.X的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及低压电器领域，具体涉及一种电的开关。
背景技术
开关是低压配电系统中最重要的配电设备，随着电力工程对电源和输配电设备要求的不断提高，对用于电路保护开关的性能要求也越来越高，小型化、高性能、模块化、高可靠性是现阶段空气开关的主要发展方向。短时耐受能力是开关一项重要的指标，它是指开关在一定时间内能够承受的最大短路电流，对开关的动稳定性有很高的要求，在开关实际使用中，短路电流的峰值往往能达到上百千安，这样大的电流流过开关的导电回路，会在动静触头之间产生很大的电动斥力，如果开关的结构不能提供足够大的触头压力，触头会在电动斥力的作用下被斥开，触头之间便会产生电弧，电弧的存在则会严重烧蚀触头，甚至造成熔焊，对开关造成永久性的损害，导致开断失败。
现有开关动静触头之间的电动斥力主要有两部分组成，一部分是由于电流在磁场作用下产生的洛伦兹力，另一部分是由于触头接触处电流线收缩产生的霍姆力，发生短路时在动触头上产生的电动斥力十分巨大，很容易把动触头斥开。因此，要保证开关的动触头不被斥开，必须利用短路电流产生的吸力来抵消产生的触头斥力，进而提高开关的短时耐受能力。
发明内容
基于上述背景，本申请提供一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，通过将原 有的静触头优化为可动夹头的结构，将电流在磁场作用下产生的洛伦兹力转变为电动吸力，抵消部分由于触头接触处电流线收缩产生的霍姆力，同时在夹头上设置导磁件，短路电流通过夹头时，导磁件被磁化，产生吸力增大夹头对动触头的压紧力，两重吸力叠加共同夹紧触头，防止大电流造成触头斥开产生电弧引起的烧损，提高了开关的短时耐受能力。
本申请的上述目的可采用下列技术方案来实现：
本申请提供一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，至少包括绝缘外壳、操作机构、进线端、出线端、动触头及夹头，进线端导体连接夹头，出线端导体连接动触头，夹头周围设置有导磁件。
根据本申请的实施方式，连接进线端与夹头的导体为软导线或硬导线。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，动触头在操作机构的作用下，作插入或移出夹头运动。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，夹头至少包括一对夹头触指，当动触头插入夹头时，一对夹头触指分别设置于动触头两侧，一对导磁件分别固定在夹头触指上，一对导磁件之间设置有间隙。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，导磁件在夹头流入电流大于开关的额定电流时，产生磁场，推动夹头向内运动夹紧动触头。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，动触头两侧设置有上动触点，上动触点为合金材料。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，夹头触指上设置有下动触点，下动触点为合金材料，动触头插入夹头后，上动触点和下动触点接触。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，还包括静触头，静触头和夹头并联连接，静触头与夹头均与进线端连接。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，动触头可与静触头和/或夹头接触。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，动触头在操作机构的作用下插入夹头时可不接触或接触。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，操作机构至少包括上连杆、下连杆、脱扣杆及转轴，通过上连杆和下连杆驱动转轴带动动触头与静触头和/或夹头接触，脱扣杆可以通过分励脱扣器解锁，动触头与静触头和/或夹头断开。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，动触头连接在转轴上，动触头上设置有磁轭，磁轭设置在转轴的前面和/或后面。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，磁轭固定在动触头上，跟随动触头一起转动。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，动触头闭合时，磁轭正对方向设置有固定衔铁，在动触头流入大于开关的额定电流时，磁轭产生磁场，与固定衔铁吸合，防止动触头斥开。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，动触头为前后桥式旋转双触头，桥式旋转双触头前后对应设置有夹头。
根据本申请的前述任一实施方式，动触头为左右U型双触头，U型双触头左右对应设置有夹头。
本申请的有益效果如下：
1、本申请提供一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，通过将原有的静触头优化为可动夹头的结构，由于夹头电流的同向性产生电动吸力来夹紧动触头，同时在夹头周围设置导磁件，当大的短路电流通过时，导磁件被磁化会产生电磁吸力进一步夹紧动触头，两重吸力的叠加保证夹头能稳定的夹紧动触头，提高了开关的动稳定性，从而提高开关短时耐受能力。
2、本申请提供一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，通过在原有静触头上并联一可动夹头，在动触头上设置磁轭等措施，当大的短路电流通过时，夹头结构会产生上述两重吸力夹紧动触头，同时动触头上通过的电流使磁轭磁化，与衔铁产生吸力增大动触头对静触头的接触压力，这样在多重吸力的共同作用下，使动触头与静触头及夹头可靠接触，从而提高开关的短时耐受能力。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请第一实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的截面结构示意 图。
图2是本申请第一实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的转轴、动触头及夹头结构示意图。
图3是本申请第一实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的内部结构示意图。
图4是本申请第二实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的截面结构示意图。
图5是本申请第二实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的内部结构示意图。
图6是本申请第二实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的夹头结构示意图。
图7是本申请第二实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的转轴、动触头及夹头结构示意图。
图8是本申请第三实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的内部结构示意图。
图9是本申请第三实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的承载额定电流时动触头、静触头、夹头状态示意图。
图10是本申请第三实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的承受短路电流时动触头、静触头、夹头状态示意意图。
图11是本申请第四实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的磁轭放置转轴前面的结构示意图。
图12是本申请第四实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关的磁轭放置转轴后面的结构示意图。
图13是本申请第五实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关采用前后桥式双触头结构示意图。
图14是本申请第六实施例的多重吸力叠加的电的开关采用左右U型双触头的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进 行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”等方位用语以参考图所示位置为准。
第一实施例
请参考图1所示，本实施例公开一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，包括绝缘外壳10、操作机构20、进线端30、出线端40、动触头50和夹头60，操作机构20、进线端30、出线端40、动触头50和夹头60均容纳于绝缘外壳10的空腔内，进线端30通过第一导体301与夹头60电连接，动触头50通过第二导体401与出线端40电连接，其中第一导体301为软导线或硬导线。
操作机构20包括上连杆201、下连杆202、脱扣杆203及转轴204，动触头50铰链于转轴204内，通过上连杆201及下连杆202的传动驱动转轴204带动动触头50作插入或移出夹头60的运动。
请参考图2所示，动触头50的两侧设置有上动触点501，上动触点501左右对称设置在动触头50的两侧，上动触点501为合金材料，可选银基合金。夹头60包括一对夹头触指601、触头弹簧602、限位轴603及导磁件604，夹头触指601左右对称设置，夹头触指601上设置有两个通孔，通过两根限位轴603可左右滑动地设置于导磁件604内，触头弹簧602穿在限位轴603上，设置于夹头触指601及导磁件604之间，使夹头触指601保持在初始受力位置，导磁件604为U型，一对导磁件604的U型开口相对设置，一对导磁件604开口间设置有一段间隙，夹头触指601上设置有下动触点605，下动触点605为合金材料，可选银基合金。
夹头60固定在绝缘外壳10内，当操作机构20带动动触头50作插入夹头60运动时，动触头50会将夹头触指601向外顶开，当上动触点501运动到下动触点605位置时，动触头50停止运动，上动触点501与下动触点605在触头弹簧602的作用下夹紧，开关导电回路接通，开关可以承载 正常额定电流，当导电回路中出现大的短路电流时，一对夹头触指601分别设置于动触头50的两侧，流过一对夹头触指601的电流方向相同，由于同向电流相吸的原理，则会产生较大的电动力使夹头触指601夹紧动触头50，同时设置在夹头触指601上导磁件604被磁化，产生电磁吸力，进一步推动夹头60向内运动夹紧动触头50，两重吸力的叠加从而避免了大电流通过时触头斥开产生电弧使触头熔焊导致开关无法正常分闸的问题，提高了开关内触头的动稳定性，进一步提高了开关的短时耐受能力。
请继续参考图3，绝缘外壳10内还可以设置有分励脱扣器21，分励脱扣器21可驱动脱扣杆203，使操作机构20的上连杆201及下连杆202的传动驱动转轴204带动动触头50作移出夹头60的运动。
第二实施例
请参考图4至图7所示，本实施例公开另一种结构的多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其包括绝缘外壳10、操作机构20、进线端30、出线端40、动触头50、夹头60和静触头70，与第一实施例不同的是，开关还包括静触头70，静触头70和夹头60并联，静触头70和夹头60均与进线端30连接，静触头70为平板型结构，包括连接板701、引弧角702和静触点703，引弧角702和静触点703通过焊接的方式固定在连接板701上，共同构成静触头70。
本实施例中的夹头与实施例一中的夹头结构不同，如图6所示，本实施例中的夹头60包括夹头触指601、弹簧片606、夹头支座607及导磁件604，夹头触指601通过铆接或焊接的方式固定在弹簧片606上，弹簧片606通过螺钉紧固在夹头支座607上，导磁件604设置在夹头触指601上，一对导磁件604分别设于一对夹头触指601的两侧，一对夹头触指601位于一对导磁件604之间，导磁件604呈U型，一对U型导磁件604的开口相对设置，开口之间留有间隙。
请继续参考图4，夹头支座607支撑在静触头70的下方，夹头触指601通过软导体与静触头70电连接，动触头50也为平板型结构，包括动触杆502和动触点503，动触点503也通过焊接的方式固定在动触杆501上，共同构成动触头50，动触杆502靠近动触点503的位置设置有一插刀面5011， 动触头50在操作机构20带动下可同时与静触头70和夹头60接触，动触点503与静触点703接触，插刀面5011与夹头触指601接触，此时电流从进线端30通过静触头70和夹头60两条并联支路流向动触头50，操作机构20包括一绝缘转轴204，动触头50铰链于绝缘转轴204上。
请参考图4和图7，动触头50上设置有磁轭，磁轭包括第一磁轭80和第二磁轭81，第一磁轭80和第二磁轭81均为U型，分别设置在转轴204的前面和后面，第一磁轭80设置在转轴204的前面，开口向下通过铆钉固定在动触头50上，第二磁轭81设置在转轴204的后面，开口向上通过铆钉固定在动触头50上，铆钉为不导磁或弱磁性材料，第一磁轭80和第二磁轭81跟随动触头50一起转动，当动触头50转动到与静触头70和夹头60接触位置时停止运动，此时，在第一磁轭80和第二磁轭81开口正对方向设置有固定衔铁，对应地，第一磁轭80开口正对方向设置有第一固定衔铁90，第二磁轭81开口正对方向设置有第二固定衔铁91，第一固定衔铁90位于动触头50的下方，第二固定衔铁91位于动触头50的上方，第一固定衔铁90与第一磁轭之间，第二固定衔铁91与第二磁轭81之间均设置有一段吸合气隙，第一固定衔铁90和第二固定衔铁91分别固定在绝缘外壳10上，第一磁轭80、第二磁轭81、第一固定衔铁90和第二固定衔铁91可采用电工纯铁等软磁性材料制作。
当动触头50内有大电流通过时，第一磁轭80和第二磁轭81被磁化，在吸合气隙之间产生巨大的吸力，此吸力使动触头50压紧静触头70，大幅提高了大的短路电流通过时的触头压力，抵消了动触头50与静触头70间产生的霍姆力，保证了大电流通过时动触头50与静触头70不发生斥开，此外，与静触头70并联的夹头60由于流过的电流方向相同，则会在夹头触指601间产生较大的电动力使夹头触指601夹紧插刀面5011，同时设置在夹头触指601上导磁件604被磁化，产生电磁吸力，进一步推动夹头60向内运动夹紧插刀面5011，三重吸力的叠加提高了开关在短路电流通过时的动稳定性，使开关的短时耐受能力得到了极大的提升，相对于第一实施例而言，本实施例提供的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关可适用于对短时耐受能力要求更高的场合。
第三实施例
请参考图8至图10所示，本实施例公开另一种结构的多重吸力叠加的电的开关，包括绝缘外壳10、操作机构20、进线端30、出线端40、动触头50、夹头60和静触头70，与第二实施例不同的是，当开关承载额定电流，动触头50插入夹头60时，动触头50与静触头70接触，动触头50与夹头60不接触；当开关承载短路电流，动触头50插入夹头60时，动触头50与静触头70、夹头60均接触。
具体地，当开关承载额定电流时，电流从进线端30仅通过静触头70流向动触头50再流向出线端40；当开关承受短路电流时，由于短路电流值较大，静触头70流过的电流使夹头60上设置的导磁件604磁化形成电磁铁，导磁件604会带动夹头60向内运动夹紧动触头50，此时开关流过的短路电流就会通过静触头70和夹头60两个并联支路流向动触头50，从而提高了开关在短路电流经过时的动稳定性及热稳定性，相对于第二实施例而言，本实施例提供的一种开关在动触头50进行合分操作时减少了夹头60夹持产生的阻力及冲击，从而进一步提高了开关的寿命及可靠性。
第四实施例
请参考图11-12所示，本实施例公开一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，包括绝缘外壳10、操作机构20、进线端30、出线端40、动触头50、夹头60和静触头70，与第二实施例不同的是，动触头50仅设置有第一磁轭80，第一磁轭80设置在转轴201的前面或后面一方，当第一磁轭80设置在转轴201前面时，第一磁轭80的开口向下，第一固定衔铁90与第一磁轭80开口对应设置，设于动触头50的下方，如图11所示；当第一磁轭80设置在转轴201的后面时，第一磁轭80的开口向上，第一固定衔铁90与第一磁轭80开口对应设置，第一固定衔铁90设于动触头50的上方，如图12所示，相对于第二实施例而言，本实施例提供的一种开关空间更小，成本更低，可适用于开关短时耐受能力要求低一些的场合。
第五实施例
请参考图13所示，本实施例公开一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，包括绝缘外壳10、操作机构20、进线端30、出线端40、动触头50和夹头60， 与第一实施例不同的是，动触头50为前后桥式旋转双触头，桥式旋转双触头前后对应设置有夹头60，相对于第一实施例而言，本实施例提供的一种开关可用于高电压、高分断及高短时耐受能力的场合。
第六实施例
请参考图14所示，本实施例公开一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，包括绝缘外壳10、操作机构20、进线端30、出线端40、动触头50和夹头60，与第一实施例不同的是，动触头50为左右U型双生触头，左右U型双生触头对应设置有夹头60，相对于第一实施例而言，本实施例提供的一种开关可用于高电压、高分断及高短时耐受能力的场合。
以上仅为本申请的较佳实施例，本领域的技术人员依据申请文件公开的内容可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动或变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，至少包括绝缘外壳、操作机构、进线端、出线端、动触头及夹头，所述进线端导体连接所述夹头，所述出线端导体连接所述动触头，所述夹头周围设置有导磁件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，连接所述进线端与所述夹头的所述导体为软导线或硬导线。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述动触头在所述操作机构的作用下，作插入或移出所述夹头运动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述夹头至少包括一对夹头触指，当所述动触头插入所述夹头时，一对所述夹头触指分别设置于所述动触头两侧，一对所述导磁件分别固定在所述夹头触指上，一对所述导磁件之间设置有间隙。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述导磁件在所述夹头流入电流大于所述开关的额定电流时，产生磁场，推动所述夹头向内运动夹紧所述动触头。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述动触头两侧设置有上动触点，所述上动触点为合金材料。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述夹头触指上设置有下动触点，所述下动触点为合金材料，所述动触头插入所述夹头后，所述上动触点和所述下动触点接触。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，还包括静触头，所述静触头和所述夹头并联连接，所述静触头与所述夹头均与所述进线端连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述动触头可与所述静触头和/或所述夹头接触。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述动触头在所述操作机构的作用下插入所述夹头时可不接触或接触。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10任一项所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关， 其中，所述操作机构至少包括上连杆、下连杆、脱扣杆及转轴，通过所述上连杆和所述下连杆驱动所述转轴带动所述动触头与所述静触头和/或所述夹头接触，所述脱扣杆可以通过分励脱扣器解锁，所述动触头与所述静触头和/或所述夹头断开。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述动触头连接在所述转轴上，所述动触头上设置有磁轭，所述磁轭设置在所述转轴的前面和/或后面。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述磁轭固定在所述动触头上，跟随所述动触头一起转动。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述动触头闭合时，所述磁轭正对方向设置有固定衔铁，在所述动触头流入大于所述开关的额定电流时，所述磁轭产生磁场，与所述固定衔铁吸合，防止所述动触头斥开。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述动触头为前后桥式旋转双触头，所述桥式旋转双触头前后对应设置有所述夹头。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关，其中，所述动触头为左右U型双触头，所述U型双触头左右对应设置有所述夹头。
PCT/CN2022/085888 2021-06-04 2022-04-08 一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关 WO2022252820A1 (zh)

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CN101714715A (zh) * 2008-10-07 2010-05-26 西门子公司 具有电接头的电气设备
JP2012022981A (ja) * 2010-07-16 2012-02-02 Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd 接点装置
CN103493166A (zh) * 2011-02-11 2014-01-01 Clodi公司 具有x-驱动电机的双稳态电磁继电器
CN109378261A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-02-22 南京日新科技有限公司 一种断路器的触头机构
CN215417919U (zh) * 2021-06-04 2022-01-04 天津首瑞智能电气有限公司 一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190905418A (en) * 1909-03-05 1910-03-07 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in Devices for Controlling Electric Circuits.
CN101714715A (zh) * 2008-10-07 2010-05-26 西门子公司 具有电接头的电气设备
JP2012022981A (ja) * 2010-07-16 2012-02-02 Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd 接点装置
CN103493166A (zh) * 2011-02-11 2014-01-01 Clodi公司 具有x-驱动电机的双稳态电磁继电器
CN109378261A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-02-22 南京日新科技有限公司 一种断路器的触头机构
CN215417919U (zh) * 2021-06-04 2022-01-04 天津首瑞智能电气有限公司 一种多重吸力叠加的电的开关

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