WO2022251988A1 - 用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达 - Google Patents
用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022251988A1 WO2022251988A1 PCT/CN2021/097055 CN2021097055W WO2022251988A1 WO 2022251988 A1 WO2022251988 A1 WO 2022251988A1 CN 2021097055 W CN2021097055 W CN 2021097055W WO 2022251988 A1 WO2022251988 A1 WO 2022251988A1
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- oil
- passage
- oil passage
- storage chamber
- hydraulic motor
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 187
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C2/00—Rotary-piston engines
- F03C2/30—Rotary-piston engines having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F03C2/02, F03C2/08, F03C2/22, F03C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power device for heavy machinery, more particularly, the present invention relates to a vane type hydraulic motor for heavy machinery.
- the hydraulic motor is a conversion device that converts the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy. It outputs torque and speed. Compared with other types of motors, its outstanding advantages are that the output torque is relatively large, the power and weight are relatively large, and it is easy to achieve a wide range of fast and fast. Shock-free CVT and reversing.
- the vane hydraulic motor has a compact structure, and its volume is the smallest compared with other hydraulic motors under the condition of outputting the same power, so the vane hydraulic motor is the best choice.
- the arrangement of the infusion pipeline of the vane hydraulic motor in the prior art is not very compact, which is not conducive to the improvement of the combat power of military equipment.
- a vane-type hydraulic motor for heavy machinery with compact arrangement of infusion pipelines and saving installation space.
- a vane type hydraulic motor for heavy machinery which includes an outer shell, an inner shell, and an inner shell jointly formed between the outer shell and the inner shell.
- the cavity is provided with an outer side plate and an inner side plate, a stator is arranged between the outer side plate and the inner side plate, a rotor is arranged in the stator, and a plurality of blade grooves are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and the blades There are slidable blades in the groove, and an oil storage chamber is arranged in the rotor, and the oil storage chamber communicates with the bottom of the blade groove through a through hole, and the outer side plate and the inner side plate are respectively provided with oil storage chambers,
- the oil storage chamber can also communicate with the oil storage chamber through the through hole, and it also includes an oil storage chamber.
- the outer shell is provided with an oil port I and an oil port II.
- An oil passage III is provided, and the oil storage chamber communicates with the oil storage chamber on the outer plate through the oil passage I, and the oil storage chamber also passes through the oil passage I, the passage The oil passage II and the oil passage III communicate with the oil reservoir cavity on the inner side plate.
- the vane hydraulic motor has a compact structure. Due to its unique structure, a high-pressure lubricating oil film needs to be established between the vane and the outer and inner plates on both sides of the vane; the vane hydraulic motor has a lower speed than the vane pump, and the vane The root of the blade needs to be supported by high-pressure hydraulic oil to ensure reliable contact between the top of the blade and the inner surface of the stator; and the vane hydraulic motor needs to be reversed, so that the oil inlet and outlet functions of the blade hydraulic motor oil pipeline must be timely Transformation, to be clear, that is to say, when the vane hydraulic motor is rotating forward, the oil port I is the oil inlet passage, and the oil port II is the oil return passage.
- the oil port II When the vane hydraulic motor is reversed, the oil port II is converted into the oil inlet passage , the I oil port is converted into an oil return channel; because the vane hydraulic motor in the prior art is switched forward and reverse, a high-pressure lubricating oil film is established on both sides of the supply vane and the oil supply pipeline at the root of the vane cannot be switched accordingly, so the existing In the advanced vane hydraulic motor, the oil port I is set on the outer shell, and the oil port II is set on the inner shell. This makes the layout of the supply and return pipelines of the vane hydraulic motor more scattered and requires a larger layout space.
- the inventor of the present invention has conceived a structure in which an oil control mechanism is set between the I oil passage and the II oil passage, so that the high pressure hydraulic oil is supplied between the I oil passage and the II oil passage when the oil inlet and outlet functions are switched.
- the pipeline can establish a high-pressure lubricating oil film on both sides of the blade and communicate with the oil supply pipeline at the root of the blade, which skillfully solves the technical problems in the prior art, so that both the I oil port and the II oil port can be set on the outer shell In this way, most of the volume of the vane hydraulic motor can be arranged in a relatively small space.
- the oil control mechanism is a ball, and the diameters of the balls are larger than the diameters of the I oil passage, II oil passage and oil passage.
- the oil control mechanism can be a solenoid valve, a pneumatic control valve, or a manual switching valve.
- the present invention is preferably a ball, and the diameter is larger than that of I oil passage, II oil passage, and oil passage.
- the II oil passage is the oil return passage, and the ball rolls to the II oil passage of the low-pressure hydraulic oil under the push of the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the I oil passage, and the II oil passage is blocked to ensure that the I The oil passage is only connected to the oil passage; when the II oil passage is used as the oil inlet passage, the I oil passage is the oil return passage, and the ball rolls to the I oil passage of the low-pressure hydraulic oil under the push of the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the II oil passage. And plug the oil passage I to ensure that the oil passage II is only connected with the oil passage.
- the oil control mechanism can omit other auxiliary mechanisms, such as electric control mechanism, pneumatic mechanism, etc., and at the same time, it can respond in time to the change of the flow direction of high-pressure hydraulic oil.
- an insert is also provided in the oil control channel, and an oil through hole is arranged in the insert, the diameter of the oil through hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball, and the oil through hole is connected to the The I oil passages are connected, and the insert and the II oil passages are arranged on both sides of the ball. Since the diameter of the ball is larger than the diameter of the oil passage I, II and the oil passage, in order to install the ball, a process hole with a diameter greater than or equal to the oil control passage needs to be established at one end of the oil control passage. Limit the ball, and then use the plug to close the process hole and limit the insert, which is conducive to the smooth implementation of the function of the oil control mechanism by the ball.
- a sealing ring is provided between the outer shell and the outer plate, and the oil storage chamber is a space enclosed by the outer shell, the outer plate, and the sealing ring. shape.
- the oil storage chamber can be set in the outer shell or in the outer plate.
- the present invention uses the gap between the outer shell and the outer plate to form an annular cavity with a sealing ring, which not only simplifies the processing technology, but also reduces the cost of manufacturing. It can also meet the multiple oil supply pipelines necessary to establish a high-pressure lubricating oil film on both sides of the blade and supply pressure at the root of the blade at the same time.
- arc-shaped grooves are provided on the sides of the outer and inner plates facing the rotor, and the oil storage chamber is a space enclosed by the arc-shaped grooves and the rotor.
- the number of arc-shaped grooves provided on the outer side plate and the inner side plate is 2 respectively, and the arc-shaped grooves of the outer side plate and the inner side plate are arranged alternately, and the arc-shaped grooves extend to a certain length, so that the two sides of the blade A uniform high-pressure lubricating oil film can be established on the side and the supply pressure at the root of the vane is stable, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the vane hydraulic motor and stabilizing the output power of the vane hydraulic motor.
- annular groove is provided on the inner surface of the rotor, and the oil storage chamber is a space enclosed by the annular groove and the transmission shaft sleeved in the inner surface of the rotor.
- the pipelines for supplying high-pressure hydraulic oil between the I oil passage and the II oil passage can be connected to both sides of the blade when the oil inlet and outlet functions are switched.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a structure of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of part R in FIG. 1 .
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the outer plate in the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in FIG. 3 .
- Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view along B-B in Fig. 3 .
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the rotor in the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the inner side plate in the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the stator in the present invention.
- Embodiment A vane type hydraulic motor used for heavy machinery, as shown in the figure (this embodiment takes a four-action vane type hydraulic motor as an example, and omits the process hole and drive shaft that are not related to this patent), it includes a fixed The outer shell 1 and the inner shell 10 are connected together. The inner cavity formed between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 10 is provided with an outer plate 2 and an inner plate 9.
- a stator 7 is arranged between the inner side plates 9, and a rotor 4 is arranged inside the stator 7, and a plurality of blades 14 slots 5 are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 4 in the circumferential direction, and the blades 14 slots 5 are provided with 14 slot 5 sliding blade 14,
- the inner surface of the rotor 4 is provided with an annular groove
- the oil storage chamber 12 is jointly surrounded by the annular groove and the transmission shaft sleeved in the inner surface of the rotor 4 space
- the two sides of the rotor 4 are respectively provided with three evenly distributed through holes 11, the through holes 11 on the two sides of the rotor 4 are arranged to diverge, and the oil storage chamber 12 communicates with each through a plurality of through holes 13
- the bottom of the groove 5 of the blade 14 is connected, and the side of the outer plate 2 and the inner side plate 9 facing the side of the rotor 4 are respectively provided with two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped grooves, and a pair of arc
- the oil control passage 24 is provided with balls 22 that control the connection between the oil passage 25 and the oil passage 23 respectively and the oil passage 21, and the diameters of the balls 22 are larger than the oil passage 25. , II
- the diameter of the oil passage 23 and the oil passage 21, in order to load the ball 22, one end of the oil control passage 24 is provided with a process hole with a diameter greater than or equal to the oil control passage 24, after the ball 22 is loaded, set in the process hole
- the oil passage I3 is provided on the stator 7, the oil passage II6 is provided on the stator 7, the oil passage III8 is provided on the inner side plate 9, and the oil storage chamber 17 connects with the oil passage
- the cross-section of the inner surface of the stator 7 is surrounded by N sections of large arcs and N sections of small arcs, which are sequentially staggered and smoothly transitioned, and the side of the outer plate 2 facing the vanes 14 is respectively provided with N Evenly distributed oil ports I27 and N uniformly distributed oil ports II28, the N oil ports I27 and N oil ports II28 are arranged alternately in sequence, and the oil ports I27 and I oil ports 16 is connected, the oil port II 28 is connected to the II oil port 15, and the side of the inner side plate facing the blade is provided with 2N uniformly distributed oil passage chambers 29 .
- N is a natural number greater than 2, and N in this embodiment is four.
- the vane hydraulic motor has a unique structure. It uses more than ten vanes to divide the space surrounded by the outer plate, inner side plate, stator, and rotor into more than ten cavities.
- the cross-section is circular, while the cross-section of the inner surface of the stator is surrounded by a number of arc lines with different curvatures.
- the volumes of the adjacent cavities separated by the blades are different.
- the hydraulic oil of the same quality has a smaller volume.
- the pressure in the cavity will be higher than the pressure in the cavity with larger volume. Therefore, after the high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the cavity with smaller volume from the oil supply pipeline, it will push the blade to move towards the cavity with smaller pressure and larger volume. In this way, the rotation of the vane hydraulic motor is realized, and the hydraulic oil released from the pressure energy is returned to the oil storage tank from the oil return line to complete the conversion of the pressure energy into mechanical energy.
- the cross-section of the inner surface of the vane hydraulic motor stator in the prior art is nearly elliptical, and the action of releasing hydraulic energy is 2 times when the vane rotates once, so it is called double-acting vane hydraulic motor.
- the cross section of the inner surface of the stator of the present invention is surrounded by N sections of large circular arcs and N sections of small circular arcs which are successively staggered and smoothly connected.
- N blades are simultaneously performing the function of converting pressure energy into mechanical energy. Therefore, the output power of the present invention is N/2 times of the output power of the double-acting vane hydraulic motor in the prior art without changing the overall size of the appearance. In other words, with the same output power, the installation space of the vane hydraulic motor can be further greatly reduced.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达，它包括储油腔、外侧板、里侧板，所述外侧板设有Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道，所述Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道之间设有油控道，所述油控道与所述储油腔之间设有与两者相连通的通油道，所述油控道内设有滚珠，所述外侧板上设有过油道Ⅰ，所述定子上设有过油道Ⅱ，所述里侧板上设有过油道Ⅲ，所述储油腔通过所述过油道Ⅰ与所述外侧板上的所述藏油腔相连通，所述储油腔还依次通过所述过油道Ⅰ、过油道Ⅱ、过油道Ⅲ与所述里侧板上的所述藏油腔相连通。由于采用滚珠作为控油机构，使得外部通油管路都可以布置在外壳体上，以便叶片式液压马达的大部分体积可以进入相对较小的空间里进行布置，节约安装空间。
Description
本发明涉及一种重型机械的动力装置，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达。
液压马达是将液体的压力能转换为机械能的转换装置，输出扭矩和转速，与其他种类的马达相比，其突出优点是输出的扭矩较大，功率重量比较大，易于实现较大范围快速而且无冲击的的无级变速和换向。
液压马达上述的优点使得它作为重型机械中的动力执行元件得到广泛的应用。随着时代的发展，社会的进步，尤其是一带一路的合作倡议受到世界人民的广泛欢迎，各种大型基础建设需要的重型机械中的动力需求不断创新高，特别是为了维护国家尊严和领土完整，国家武装力量的重型军备也得到了长足的进步，如航母战斗群、055大型驱逐舰、蛟龙号潜水器等陆续投入使用，急需可以输出大功率的液压马达。我们知道这些军事装备为了增加战力，希望有更多的空间来部署火力打击装置，所以对液压马达的体积以及安装适应性提出了较高的要求。叶片式液压马达结构紧凑，在输出同样功率的情况下与其他液压马达相比其体积最小，所以叶片式液压马达是最优选择。现有技术中的叶片式液压马达的输液管路布置不是很紧凑，不利于军事装备的战力提升。
提供一种输液管路布置紧凑，可以节约安装空间的用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达。
本发明解决现有技术存在问题的技术方案是：一种用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达，它包括外壳体、里壳体，所述外壳体和所述里壳体之间共同形成的内腔内设有外侧板、里侧板，所述外侧板、里侧板之间设有定子，所述定子内设有转子，所述转子的外周面周向均布有多个叶片槽，所述叶片槽内设有可滑动的叶片，所述转子内设有蓄油腔，所述蓄油腔通过贯通孔与叶片槽底部相连通，所述外侧板、里侧板上分别设有藏油腔，所述蓄油腔还通过贯穿孔可以与所述藏油腔相连通，它还包括储油腔，所述外壳体上设有Ⅰ油口和Ⅱ油口，所述外侧板在所述Ⅰ油口位置处设有与所述Ⅰ油口相连通的Ⅰ油道，所述外侧板在所述Ⅰ油道的一侧设有与所述Ⅱ油口相连通的Ⅱ油道，所述Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道之间设有油控道，所述油控道与所述储油腔之间设有与两者相连通的通油道，所述油控道内设有控制所述Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道分别与所述通油道之间通断的控油机构，所述外侧板上设有过油道Ⅰ，所述定子上设有过油道Ⅱ，所述里侧板上设有过油道Ⅲ，所述储油腔通过所述过油道Ⅰ与所述外侧板上的所述藏油腔相连通，所述储油腔还依次通过所述过油道Ⅰ、过油道Ⅱ、过油道Ⅲ与所述里侧板上的所述藏油腔相连通。
叶片式液压马达结构紧凑，因独特的结构形式，叶片与分列在叶片两侧的外侧板、里侧板之间需要建立高压润滑油膜；叶片式液压马达相对于叶片泵其转速较低，叶片的根部需要有高压液压油的支撑，确保叶片顶部与定子内表面的可靠抵接；再就是叶片式液压马达需要正反转，使得叶片式液压马达通油管路的进油、出油功能要适时变换，说明白一点，也就是说叶片式液压马达正转时，Ⅰ油口为进油道，Ⅱ油口为回油道，叶片式液压马达反转时，Ⅱ油口就变换为进油道，Ⅰ油口变换为回油道；由于现有技术的叶片式液压马达正、反转切换时，供给叶片两侧建立高压润滑油膜以及叶片根部的供油管路不能随之切换，所以现有技术的叶片式液压马达将Ⅰ油口设置在外壳体，Ⅱ油口设置在里壳体，这样使得叶片式液压马达的供、回油管路的布置较为分散，需要占据较大的布置空间。
本发明的发明人构思了一种结构，在Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道之间设置了一个控油机构，使得Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道之间在进、出油功能切换时供给高压液压油的管路都能与叶片两侧建立高压润滑油膜以及叶片根部的供油管路连通，巧妙地解决了现有技术中存在的技术问题，从而可以将Ⅰ油口和Ⅱ油口都设置在外壳体上，这样叶片式液压马达大部分体积可以进入相对较小的空间里进行布置。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述控油机构为滚珠，所述滚珠的直径均大于所述Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道、通油道的直径。控油机构可以是电磁阀，也可以是气动控制阀，也可以是手动切换阀，本发明优选为滚珠，且直径大于Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道、通油道的直径。当Ⅰ油道作为进油道时，Ⅱ油道则为回油道，滚珠在Ⅰ油道的高压液压油的推动下滚向低压液压油的Ⅱ油道，并杜塞Ⅱ油道，确保Ⅰ油道只与通油道连通；当Ⅱ油道作为进油道时，Ⅰ油道则为回油道，滚珠在Ⅱ油道的高压液压油的推动下滚向低压液压油的Ⅰ油道，并杜塞Ⅰ油道，确保Ⅱ油道只与通油道连通。这样不管Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道哪个是进油道，都能保证叶片两侧建立高压润滑油膜以及叶片根部的供油管路得到高压液压油的供应。用滚珠作为控油机构，可以省略其他附设机构，如电控机构、气动机构等，同时又可以对高压液压油的流向改变作及时响应。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述油控道内还设有镶套，所述镶套内设有通油孔，所述通油孔的直径小于所述滚珠的直径，所述通油孔与所述Ⅰ油道相连通，所述镶套、Ⅱ油道分列在所述滚珠的两侧。由于滚珠的直径大于Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道、通油道的直径，为了装入滚珠，油控道的一端需要建立直径大于或等于油控道的工艺孔，装入滚珠后，用镶套限位滚珠，然后用堵头将工艺孔封闭并限位镶套，这样有利于滚珠顺利实施控油机构的功能。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述外壳体、外侧板之间设有密封圈，所述储油腔是由所述外壳体、外侧板、密封圈共同围成的空间，所述储油腔呈环状。储油腔可以设置在外壳体内，也可以设置在外侧板内，本发明利用外壳体、外侧板之间的间隙，用一个密封圈就围成一个环形腔体，不仅可以简化加工工艺，降低制造成本，又可以同时满足叶片两侧建立高压润滑油膜以及叶片根部供压必要的多条供油管路。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述外侧板、里侧板朝向所述转子一侧的侧面设有弧形凹槽，所述藏油腔为所述弧形凹槽与所述转子共同围成的空间。外侧板、里侧板设有的弧形凹槽的数量分别为2个，外侧板、里侧板的弧形凹槽相互交错设置，且弧形凹槽弧形延伸有一定长度，使得叶片两侧可以建立均匀的高压润滑油膜以及叶片根部的供压稳定，有利于延长叶片式液压马达的使用寿命，也有利于叶片式液压马达输出功率的稳定。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述转子内表面上设有环形凹槽，所述蓄油腔由所述环形凹槽与套接在所述转子内表面中的传动轴共同围成的空间。
由于采用了在Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道之间设置滚珠作为控油机构，使得Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道之间在进、出油功能切换时供给高压液压油的管路都能与叶片两侧建立高压润滑油膜以及叶片根部的供油管路连通，使得叶片式液压马达的外部通油管路都可以集中布置在外壳体上，以便叶片式液压马达的大部分体积可以进入相对较小的空间里进行布置，节约安装空间。
图1是本发明一种结构剖视示意图。
图2是图1中的R部放大示意图。
图3是本发明中的外侧板示意图。
图4是图3中的A-A剖视示意图。
图5是图3中的B-B剖视示意图。
图6是本发明中的转子示意图。
图7是本发明中的里侧板示意图。
图8是本发明中的定子结构示意图。
图中：1：外壳体，2：外侧板，3：过油道Ⅰ，4：转子，5：叶片槽，6：过油道Ⅱ，7：定子，8：过油道Ⅲ，9：里侧板，10：里壳体，11：贯穿孔，12：蓄油腔，13：贯通孔，14：叶片，15：Ⅱ油口，16：Ⅰ油口，17：储油腔，18：密封圈，19：通油孔，20：镶套，21：通油道，22：滚珠，23：Ⅱ油道，24：油控道，25：Ⅰ油道，26：藏油腔，27：通油口Ⅰ，28：通油口Ⅱ，29：通油腔。
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本发明进一步说明。
实施例：一种用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达，见图示（本实施例以四作用叶片式液压马达为例，并略去与本专利无关的工艺孔、传动轴），它包括固定连接在一起的外壳体1、里壳体10，所述外壳体1和所述里壳体10之间共同形成的内腔内设有外侧板2、里侧板9，所述外侧板2、里侧板9之间设有定子7，所述定子7内设有转子4，所述转子4的外周面周向均布有多个叶片14槽5，所述叶片14槽5内设有可沿叶片14槽5滑动的叶片14，所述转子4内表面上设有环形凹槽，所述蓄油腔12由所述环形凹槽与套接在所述转子4内表面中的传动轴共同围成的空间，所述转子4两侧面分别设有3个均布的贯穿孔11，所述转子4两侧面的贯穿孔11叉开布置，所述蓄油腔12通过多个贯通孔13与每个叶片14槽5底部相连通，所述外侧板2、里侧板9朝向所述转子4一侧的侧面分别设有2个对称布置的弧形凹槽，所述外侧板2上的一对弧形凹槽与里侧板9上的一堆弧形凹槽呈90°角叉开布置，所述弧形凹槽与转子4的侧面共同围成藏油腔26，所述蓄油腔12通过六个贯穿孔11可以与所述藏油腔26相连通，所述外壳体1、外侧板2之间设有密封圈18，所述储油腔17是由所述外壳体1、外侧板2、密封圈18共同围成的空间，所述储油腔17呈环状，所述外壳体1上设有Ⅰ油口16和Ⅱ油口15，所述外侧板2在所述Ⅰ油口16位置处设有与所述Ⅰ油口16相连通的Ⅰ油道25，所述外侧板2在所述Ⅰ油道25的一侧设有与所述Ⅱ油口15相连通的Ⅱ油道23，所述Ⅰ油道25、Ⅱ油道23之间设有油控道24，所述油控道24与所述储油腔17之间设有与两者相连通的通油道21，所述油控道24内设有控制所述Ⅰ油道25、Ⅱ油道23分别与所述通油道21之间通断的滚珠22，所述滚珠22的直径均大于所述Ⅰ油道25、Ⅱ油道23、通油道21的直径，为了装入滚珠22，油控道24的一端设有直径大于或等于油控道24的工艺孔，装入滚珠22后，在工艺孔中设置有镶套20，用镶套20限位滚珠22，然后用堵头将工艺孔封闭并限位镶套20，所述镶套20内设有通油孔19，所述通油孔19的直径小于所述滚珠22的直径，所述通油孔19与所述Ⅰ油道25相连通，所述镶套20、Ⅱ油道23分列在所述滚珠22的两侧，所述外侧板2上设有过油道Ⅰ3，所述定子7上设有过油道Ⅱ6，所述里侧板9上设有过油道Ⅲ8，所述储油腔17通过所述过油道Ⅰ3与所述外侧板2上的所述藏油腔26相连通，所述储油腔17还依次通过所述过油道Ⅰ3、过油道Ⅱ6、过油道Ⅲ8与所述里侧板9上的所述藏油腔26相连通。
为了进一步缩小叶片式液压马达的体积，所述定子7内表面的横截面由N段大圆弧和N段小圆弧依次交错平滑过渡连接围成，所述外侧板2朝向叶片14的一侧分别设有N个均布的通油口Ⅰ27和N个均布的通油口Ⅱ28，N个所述通油口Ⅰ27和N个所述通油口Ⅱ28依次交错布置，所述通油口Ⅰ27与Ⅰ油口16相连通，所述通油口Ⅱ28与Ⅱ油口15相连通，所述里侧板朝向叶片的一侧设有2N个均布的通油腔29。N为大于2的自然数，本实施例的N为四。
叶片式液压马达相对于其他液压马达来说其结构独特，它是通过十多个叶片将外侧板、里侧板、定子、转子围成的空间等角度分隔成十多个腔体，由于转子横截面为圆形，而定子内表面的横截面是由多个不同曲率的弧形线条围成的，叶片分隔出来的相邻腔体之间的体积不同，相同质量的液压油在体积较小的腔体内的压力会高于体积较大的腔体内的压力，因此，高压液压油从供油管路进入体积较小的腔体后会推动叶片向压力较小体积较大的腔体方向移动，从而实现叶片式液压马达的转动，释放了压力能的液压油再从回油管路回到储油箱中，完成一次压力能转换成机械能的作用。
现有技术叶片式液压马达定子内表面的横截面近乎椭圆，叶片旋转一周，释放液压能的作用为2次，所以称为双作用叶片式液压马达。
本发明的定子内表面的横截面由N段大圆弧和N段小圆弧依次交错平滑连接而围成，这样，叶片旋转一周，可以有N次实现将压力能转换成机械能的作用，也就是说，十多个叶片中有N个叶片同时在起着压力能转换成机械能的作用。因此，本发明输出的功率在没有改变外观总体尺寸的前提下是现有技术中的双作用叶片式液压马达输出功率的N/2倍。换一种说法，在输出相同功率的情况下，可以进一步大幅减小叶片式液压马达的安装空间。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳方案，并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制，在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容，属于本专业技术人员公知的现有技术。
Claims (6)
- 一种用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达，它包括外壳体、里壳体，所述外壳体和所述里壳体之间共同形成的内腔内设有外侧板、里侧板，所述外侧板、里侧板之间设有定子，所述定子内设有转子，所述转子的外周面周向均布有多个叶片槽，所述叶片槽内设有可滑动的叶片，所述转子内设有蓄油腔，所述蓄油腔通过贯通孔与叶片槽底部相连通，所述外侧板、里侧板上分别设有藏油腔，所述蓄油腔还通过贯穿孔可以与所述藏油腔相连通，其特征在于，它还包括储油腔，所述外壳体上设有Ⅰ油口和Ⅱ油口，所述外侧板在所述Ⅰ油口位置处设有与所述Ⅰ油口相连通的Ⅰ油道，所述外侧板在所述Ⅰ油道的一侧设有与所述Ⅱ油口相连通的Ⅱ油道，所述Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道之间设有油控道，所述油控道与所述储油腔之间设有与两者相连通的通油道，所述油控道内设有控制所述Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道分别与所述通油道之间通断的控油机构，所述外侧板上设有过油道Ⅰ，所述定子上设有过油道Ⅱ，所述里侧板上设有过油道Ⅲ，所述储油腔通过所述过油道Ⅰ与所述外侧板上的所述藏油腔相连通，所述储油腔还依次通过所述过油道Ⅰ、过油道Ⅱ、过油道Ⅲ与所述里侧板上的所述藏油腔相连通。
- 根据权利要求1所述的用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达，其特征在于，所述控油机构为滚珠，所述滚珠的直径均大于所述Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道、通油道的直径。
- 根据权利要求2所述的用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达，其特征在于，所述油控道内还设有镶套，所述镶套内设有通油孔，所述通油孔的直径小于所述滚珠的直径，所述通油孔与所述Ⅰ油道相连通，所述镶套、Ⅱ油道分列在所述滚珠的两侧。
- 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达，其特征在于，所述外壳体、外侧板之间设有密封圈，所述储油腔是由所述外壳体、外侧板、密封圈共同围成的空间，所述储油腔呈环状。
- 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达，其特征在于，所述外侧板、里侧板朝向所述转子一侧的侧面设有弧形凹槽，所述藏油腔为所述弧形凹槽与所述转子共同围成的空间。
- 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的用于重型机械的叶片式液压马达，其特征在于，所述转子内表面上设有环形凹槽，所述蓄油腔由所述环形凹槽与套接在所述转子内表面中的传动轴共同围成的空间。
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