WO2022251989A1 - 用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达 - Google Patents
用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022251989A1 WO2022251989A1 PCT/CN2021/097056 CN2021097056W WO2022251989A1 WO 2022251989 A1 WO2022251989 A1 WO 2022251989A1 CN 2021097056 W CN2021097056 W CN 2021097056W WO 2022251989 A1 WO2022251989 A1 WO 2022251989A1
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- hydraulic motor
- rotor
- side plate
- stator
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 158
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C2/00—Rotary-piston engines
- F03C2/30—Rotary-piston engines having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F03C2/02, F03C2/08, F03C2/22, F03C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power device for heavy machinery, and more particularly, the present invention relates to a multi-action vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery.
- the hydraulic motor is a conversion device that converts the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy. It outputs torque and speed. Compared with other types of motors, its outstanding advantages are that the output torque is relatively large, the power and weight are relatively large, and it is easy to achieve a wide range of fast and fast. Shock-free CVT and reversing.
- the hydraulic motors in the prior art generally increase the output power by increasing the volume of the hydraulic motor, which puts forward higher requirements for the heavy machinery itself, and needs to free up a large space for the layout of the hydraulic motor.
- For the heavy machinery required for construction it is not a very serious problem, but it is a fatal problem for military equipment.
- We know that these military equipment hope to have more space to deploy firepower strike devices in order to increase combat power. Therefore, higher requirements are put forward for the volume and installation adaptability of the hydraulic motor.
- a multi-action vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery that can double the power output without changing the overall size of the appearance.
- a multi-function vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery which includes an outer shell, an inner shell, I oil port, II oil port, the outer shell and the An outer plate and an inner side plate are arranged in the inner cavity jointly formed between the inner shells, a stator is arranged between the outer plate and the inner side plate, and a rotor is arranged in the stator, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.
- a multi-function vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery which includes an outer shell, an inner shell, I oil port, II oil port, the outer shell and the An outer plate and an inner side plate are arranged in the inner cavity jointly formed between the inner shells, a stator is arranged between the outer plate and the inner side plate, and a rotor is arranged in the stator, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.
- There are a plurality of vane slots, and slidable vanes are arranged in the vane slots.
- the cross section of the inner surface of the stator is formed by N sections of large arcs and N sections of small arcs, which are sequentially interlaced and smoothly connected, and N is a natural number greater than 2.
- the side of the outer plate facing the blade is respectively provided with N uniformly distributed oil passages I and N uniformly distributed oil passages II, and the N oil passages I and N oil passages II are staggered in turn Arrangement, the oil port I communicates with port I, and the oil port II communicates with port II.
- the vane hydraulic motor has a compact structure, and its overall size is the smallest compared with other hydraulic motors under the condition of the same output power, so the vane hydraulic motor is the best choice.
- the vane hydraulic motor has a unique structure. It uses more than ten vanes to divide the space surrounded by the outer plate, inner side plate, stator, and rotor into more than ten cavities.
- the cross-section is circular, while the cross-section of the inner surface of the stator is surrounded by a number of arc lines with different curvatures.
- the volumes of the adjacent cavities separated by the blades are different.
- the hydraulic oil of the same quality has a smaller volume. The pressure in the cavity will be higher than the pressure in the cavity with larger volume.
- the cross-section of the inner surface of the vane hydraulic motor stator in the prior art is nearly elliptical, and the action of releasing hydraulic energy is 2 times when the vane rotates once, so it is called double-acting vane hydraulic motor.
- the inventor of the present invention encloses the cross section of the inner surface of the stator by N sections of large circular arcs and N sections of small circular arcs successively staggered and connected smoothly, and N is a natural number greater than 2. In this way, the blade can rotate once. There are N times to realize the function of converting pressure energy into mechanical energy, that is to say, N blades among more than ten blades are simultaneously playing the role of converting pressure energy into mechanical energy. Therefore, the output power of the present invention is N/2 times of the output power of the double-acting vane hydraulic motor in the prior art without changing the overall size of the appearance.
- 2N evenly distributed oil passage cavities are provided on the side of the inner side plate facing the blades. This is conducive to the uniform thrust of the high-pressure hydraulic oil on the blades.
- the rotor is provided with an oil storage cavity, and the oil storage cavity communicates with the bottom of the blade groove through a through hole, and the outer side plate and the inner side plate are respectively provided with an oil storage cavity, and the oil storage cavity The oil cavity can also communicate with the oil storage cavity through the through hole.
- the centrifugal force of the vane is not enough to support the reliable contact between the top of the vane and the inner surface of the stator.
- the oil storage chamber with high-pressure hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil storage chamber through the through hole. Then it enters the bottom of the vane groove through the through hole, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil acts on the root of the vane to reliably abut the top of the vane on the inner surface of the stator.
- arc-shaped grooves are provided on the sides of the outer and inner plates facing the rotor, and the oil storage chamber is a space enclosed by the arc-shaped grooves and the rotor.
- the number of arc-shaped grooves provided on the outer plate and the inner plate is 2 respectively, and the arc-shaped grooves of the outer plate and the inner plate are arranged alternately, and the arc-shaped grooves extend for a certain length, so that the oil reservoir
- the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the cavity will have a proper amount of overflow, and a uniform high-pressure lubricating oil film will be established between the stator, the vane, the outer plate, and the inner plate, which is conducive to prolonging the service life of the vane hydraulic motor and is also conducive to the output of the vane hydraulic motor. Power stability.
- an annular groove is provided on the inner surface of the rotor, and the oil storage chamber is a space enclosed by the annular groove and the transmission shaft sleeved in the inner surface of the stator.
- the through holes are set on the rotor, the number is 6, and the two sides of the rotor are 3 respectively.
- the through holes on the two sides of the rotor are arranged in a staggered manner, and the two oil storage chambers on the outer plate and the inner plate are also arranged in a staggered manner.
- One of the through holes is always connected with the oil storage cavity, and the oil storage cavity is made into a ring shape, so that the root of the blade can always be supported by high-pressure hydraulic oil.
- the cross section of the inner surface of the stator is composed of N sections of large arcs and N sections of small arcs, which are sequentially staggered and smoothly transitioned, the blades rotate once, and the pressure energy can be converted into mechanical energy for N times, without changing the overall size of the appearance.
- the output power of the multi-function vane hydraulic motor is doubled, saving installation space.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a structure of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the stator in the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of part R in FIG. 1 .
- Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the outer plate in the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view along B-B in FIG. 3 .
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotor in the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner side plate in the present invention.
- Embodiment a multi-action vane hydraulic motor for heavy machinery, see the figure (take the four-action vane hydraulic motor as an example, and omit the process hole and drive shaft that are not related to this patent), it includes fixed connections
- the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 10 are together, and the inner cavity formed between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 10 is provided with an outer plate 2 and an inner side plate 9, and the outer plate 2, the inner shell 10
- a stator 7 is arranged between the side plates 9, and the cross section of the inner surface of the stator 7 is formed by four sections of large circular arcs and four sections of small circular arcs successively staggered and smoothly transitioned to connect, and the rotor 4 is arranged inside the stator 7, and the rotor 4
- the oil storage chamber 12 communicates with the bottom of each vane groove 5 through a plurality of through holes 13, and the sides of the outer plate 2 and the inner plate 9 facing the rotor 4 are respectively provided with two symmetrically arranged arcs.
- a pair of arc-shaped grooves on the outer plate 2 and a group of arc-shaped grooves on the inner side plate 9 are arranged at an angle of 90°, and the arc-shaped grooves are in common with the side of the rotor 4.
- the oil storage cavity 26 is surrounded, and the oil storage cavity 12 can communicate with the oil storage cavity 26 through six through holes 11.
- a sealing ring 18 is arranged between the outer shell 1 and the outer plate 2, and the storage
- the oil chamber 17 is a space surrounded by the outer shell 1, the outer plate 2, and the sealing ring 18.
- the oil storage chamber 17 is annular, and the outer shell 1 is provided with an oil port 16 and an oil port II. 15.
- the side of the outer plate 2 facing the blade 14 is respectively provided with N uniformly distributed oil ports I27 and N uniformly distributed oil ports II28, and the N oil ports I27 and the N oil ports
- the oil ports II28 are arranged in a staggered order, the oil port I27 communicates with the I oil port 16, the oil port II28 communicates with the II oil port 15, and the outer plate 2 is provided at the position of the I oil port 16.
- I oil passage 25 communicating with the I oil port 16, and the outer plate 2 is provided with an II oil passage 23 communicating with the II oil port 15 on one side of the I oil passage 25.
- An oil control passage 24 is provided between the I oil passage 25 and the II oil passage 23, and an oil passage 21 communicating with the two is provided between the oil control passage 24 and the oil storage chamber 17.
- the passage 24 is provided with balls 22 that control the connection between the I oil passage 25 and the II oil passage 23 and the oil passage 21, and the diameters of the balls 22 are larger than the I oil passage 25 and II oil passage.
- the diameter of the passage 23 and the oil passage 21, in order to load the ball 22, one end of the oil control passage 24 is provided with a process hole with a diameter greater than or equal to the oil control passage 24.
- an insert is provided in the process hole 20.
- the insert 20 is provided with an oil hole 19, and the diameter of the oil hole 19 is smaller than the The diameter of the ball 22, the oil hole 19 communicates with the I oil passage 25, the insert 20 and the II oil passage 23 are arranged on both sides of the ball 22, and the outer plate 2 is provided with There is oil passage I3, the stator 7 is provided with oil passage II6, the inner side plate 9 is provided with oil passage III8, and the oil storage chamber 17 passes through the oil passage I3 and the outer plate
- the oil storage cavity 26 on the 2 is connected, and the oil storage cavity 17 also passes through the oil passage I3, oil passage II6, oil passage III8 and the oil storage chamber on the inner side plate 9 in sequence.
- the cavities 26 communicate with each other, and the inner side plate 9 is provided with 8 uniformly distributed oil passage cavities 29 on the side facing the blade 14 .
- both the I oil port and the II oil port are arranged on the outer casing, and the I oil passage and the II oil passage corresponding to the I oil port and the II oil port are arranged on the outer plate, and the I oil passage, the II oil passage
- An oil control channel is set between the oil channels, and an oil control mechanism is set in the oil control channel.
- a high-pressure lubricating oil film can be established between the blade and the outer and inner plates on both sides of the blade, and at the same time, it can ensure reliable contact between the top of the blade and the inner surface of the stator when the rotor rotates at a low speed.
- the purpose of setting both the I oil port and the II oil port on the outer shell is to make the arrangement of the oil supply and return pipelines of the multi-action vane hydraulic motor concentrated on the outside, so that most of the volume of the multi-action vane hydraulic motor can enter the relative Arrangement in a small space further effectively saves the arrangement space of the multi-function vane hydraulic motor.
- the oil control principle of the oil control mechanism can be a solenoid valve, a pneumatic control valve, or a manual switching valve.
- the present invention is preferably a ball, and the diameter is greater than the diameter of the I oil passage, the II oil passage, and the oil passage.
- the II oil passage is the oil return passage, and the ball rolls to the II oil passage of the low-pressure hydraulic oil under the push of the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the I oil passage, and the II oil passage is blocked to ensure that the I The oil passage is only connected to the oil passage; when the II oil passage is used as the oil inlet passage, the I oil passage is the oil return passage, and the ball rolls to the I oil passage of the low-pressure hydraulic oil under the push of the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the II oil passage. And plug the oil passage I to ensure that the oil passage II is only connected with the oil passage.
- the oil control mechanism can omit other auxiliary mechanisms, such as electric control mechanism, pneumatic mechanism, etc., and at the same time, it can respond in time to the change of the flow direction of high-pressure hydraulic oil.
- an insert is also provided in the oil control channel, and the insert is provided with an oil hole, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the ball, and the oil hole is connected to the first oil channel Pass, the insert and II oil passage are arranged on both sides of the ball. Since the diameter of the ball is larger than the diameter of the oil passage I, II and the oil passage, in order to install the ball, a process hole with a diameter greater than or equal to the oil control passage needs to be established at one end of the oil control passage. Limit the ball, and then use the plug to close the process hole and limit the insert, which is conducive to the smooth implementation of the function of the oil control mechanism by the ball.
- a sealing ring is provided between the outer shell and the outer plate, and the oil storage cavity is a space enclosed by the outer shell, the outer plate, and the sealing ring, and the oil storage cavity is annular.
- the oil storage chamber can be set in the outer shell or in the outer plate.
- the present invention uses the gap between the outer shell and the outer plate to form an annular cavity with a sealing ring, which not only simplifies the processing technology, but also reduces the cost of manufacturing. It can also meet the multiple oil supply pipelines necessary to establish a high-pressure lubricating oil film on both sides of the blade and supply pressure at the root of the blade at the same time.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达，它包括定子、外侧板，所述定子内表面的横截面由N段大圆弧和N段小圆弧依次交错平滑连接围成，N为大于2的自然数，所述外侧板朝向叶片的一侧分别设有N个均布的通油口Ⅰ和N个均布的通油口Ⅱ，N个所述通油口Ⅰ和N个所述通油口Ⅱ依次交错布置，所述通油口Ⅰ与Ⅰ油口相连通，所述通油口Ⅱ与Ⅱ油口相连通。由于定子内表面的横截面由N段大圆弧和N段小圆弧依次交错平滑过渡连接而成，叶片旋转一周，可以N次实现将压力能转换成机械能的作用，在没有改变外观总体尺寸的前提下使多作用叶片式液压马达输出功率成倍增加，节约安装空间。
Description
本发明涉及一种重型机械的动力装置，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达。
液压马达是将液体的压力能转换为机械能的转换装置，输出扭矩和转速，与其他种类的马达相比，其突出优点是输出的扭矩较大，功率重量比较大，易于实现较大范围快速而且无冲击的的无级变速和换向。
液压马达上述的优点使得它作为重型机械中的动力执行元件得到广泛的应用。随着时代的发展，社会的进步，尤其是一带一路的合作倡议受到世界人民的广泛欢迎，各种大型基础建设需要的重型机械中的动力需求不断创新高，特别是为了维护国家尊严和领土完整，国家武装力量的重型军备也得到了长足的进步，如航母战斗群、055大型驱逐舰、蛟龙号潜水器等陆续投入使用，急需可以输出大功率的液压马达。
现有技术的液压马达一般都是通过增加液压马达的体积来增加输出功率的，这样对重型机械本身提出了较高的要求，需要腾出较大的空间来布置液压马达，这个问题对大型基础建设需要的重型机械来说，还不是十分严重的问题，但对军事装备来说却是一个致命的问题，我们知道这些军事装备为了增加战力，希望有更多的空间来部署火力打击装置，所以对液压马达的体积以及安装适应性提出了较高的要求。
提供一种不改变外观总体尺寸的前提下可以成倍提高功率输出的用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达。
本发明解决现有技术存在问题的技术方案是：一种用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达，它包括外壳体、里壳体、Ⅰ油口、Ⅱ油口，所述外壳体和所述里壳体之间共同形成的内腔内设有外侧板、里侧板，所述外侧板、里侧板之间设有定子，所述定子内设有转子，所述转子的外周面周向均布有多个叶片槽，所述叶片槽内设有可滑动的叶片，所述定子内表面的横截面由N段大圆弧和N段小圆弧依次交错平滑连接围成，N为大于2的自然数，所述外侧板朝向叶片的一侧分别设有N个均布的通油口Ⅰ和N个均布的通油口Ⅱ，N个所述通油口Ⅰ和N个所述通油口Ⅱ依次交错布置，所述通油口Ⅰ与Ⅰ油口相连通，所述通油口Ⅱ与Ⅱ油口相连通。
叶片式液压马达结构紧凑，在输出相同功率的情况下与其他液压马达相比其外观总体尺寸最小，所以叶片式液压马达是最优选择。叶片式液压马达相对于其他液压马达来说其结构独特，它是通过十多个叶片将外侧板、里侧板、定子、转子围成的空间等角度分隔成十多个腔体，由于转子横截面为圆形，而定子内表面的横截面是由多个不同曲率的弧形线条围成的，叶片分隔出来的相邻腔体之间的体积不同，相同质量的液压油在体积较小的腔体内的压力会高于体积较大的腔体内的压力，因此，高压液压油从供油管路进入体积较小的腔体后会推动叶片向压力较小体积较大的腔体方向移动，从而实现叶片式液压马达的转动，释放了压力能的液压油再从回油管路回到储油箱中，完成一次压力能转换成机械能的作用。
现有技术叶片式液压马达定子内表面的横截面近乎椭圆，叶片旋转一周，释放液压能的作用为2次，所以称为双作用叶片式液压马达。
本发明的发明人根据实际输出较大功率的需要将定子内表面的横截面由N段大圆弧和N段小圆弧依次交错平滑连接而围成，N为大于2的自然数，这样，叶片旋转一周，可以有N次实现将压力能转换成机械能的作用，也就是说，十多个叶片中有N个叶片同时在起着压力能转换成机械能的作用。因此，本发明输出的功率在没有改变外观总体尺寸的前提下是现有技术中的双作用叶片式液压马达输出功率的N/2倍。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述里侧板朝向叶片的一侧设有2N个均布的通油腔。这样有利于高压液压油对叶片的推力均匀。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述转子内设有蓄油腔，所述蓄油腔通过贯通孔与叶片槽底部相连通，所述外侧板、里侧板上分别设有藏油腔，所述蓄油腔还通过贯穿孔可以与所述藏油腔相连通。
由于叶片式液压马达转速一般较慢，所以叶片的离心力不足以支撑叶片顶部与定子内表面的可靠抵接，为解决此问题，将具有高压液压油的藏油腔通过贯穿孔引入蓄油腔，然后再通过贯通孔进入叶片槽底部，高压液压油作用于叶片根部，将叶片的顶部可靠地抵接在定子的内表面上。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述外侧板、里侧板朝向所述转子一侧的侧面设有弧形凹槽，所述藏油腔为所述弧形凹槽与所述转子共同围成的空间。外侧板、里侧板设有的弧形凹槽的数量分别为2个，外侧板、里侧板的弧形凹槽相互交错设置，且弧形凹槽弧形延伸有一定长度，使得藏油腔中的高压液压油会有适量外溢，在定子连同叶片和外侧板、里侧板之间建立均匀的高压润滑油膜，有利于延长叶片式液压马达的使用寿命，也有利于叶片式液压马达输出功率的稳定。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述转子内表面上设有环形凹槽，所述蓄油腔由所述环形凹槽与套接在所述定子内表面中的传动轴共同围成的空间。贯穿孔是设置在转子上的，数量为6个，转子两侧面分别为3个，转子两侧面的贯穿孔交错布置，外侧板、里侧板上的2个藏油腔也是交错布置的，6个贯穿孔总有一个是与藏油腔相连通的，将蓄油腔制成环形，这样有利于叶片根部总能获得高压液压油的支撑。
由于定子内表面的横截面由N段大圆弧和N段小圆弧依次交错平滑过渡连接而成，叶片旋转一周，可以N次实现将压力能转换成机械能的作用，在没有改变外观总体尺寸的前提下使多作用叶片式液压马达输出功率成倍增加，节约安装空间。
图1是本发明一种结构剖视示意图。
图2是本发明中的定子结构示意图。
图3是图1中的R部放大示意图。
图4是本发明中的外侧板结构示意图。
图5是图3中的A-A剖视示意图。
图6是图3中的B-B剖视示意图。
图7是本发明中的转子结构示意图。
图8是本发明中的里侧板结构示意图。
图中：1：外壳体，2：外侧板，3：过油道Ⅰ，4：转子，5：叶片槽，6：过油道Ⅱ，7：定子，8：过油道Ⅲ，9：里侧板，10：里壳体，11：贯穿孔，12：蓄油腔，13：贯通孔，14：叶片，15：Ⅱ油口，16：Ⅰ油口，17：储油腔，18：密封圈，19：通油孔，20：镶套，21：通油道，22：滚珠，23：Ⅱ油道，24：油控道，25：Ⅰ油道，26：藏油腔，27：通油口Ⅰ，28：通油口Ⅱ，29：通油腔。
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本发明进一步说明。
实施例：一种用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达，见图示（以四作用叶片式液压马达为例，并略去与本专利无关的工艺孔、传动轴），它包括固定连接在一起的外壳体1、里壳体10，所述外壳体1和所述里壳体10之间共同形成的内腔内设有外侧板2、里侧板9，所述外侧板2、里侧板9之间设有定子7，所述定子7内表面的横截面由四段大圆弧和四段小圆弧依次交错平滑过渡连接围成，所述定子7内设有转子4，所述转子4的外周面周向均布有16个叶片槽5，所述叶片槽5内设有可沿叶片槽5滑动的叶片14，所述转子4内表面上设有环形凹槽，所述环形凹槽与套接在所述转子4内表面中的传动轴共同围成蓄油腔12，所述转子4两侧面分别设有3个均布的贯穿孔11，所述转子4两侧面的贯穿孔11错开布置，所述蓄油腔12通过多个贯通孔13与每个叶片槽5底部相连通，所述外侧板2、里侧板9朝向所述转子4一侧的侧面分别设有2个对称布置的弧形凹槽，所述外侧板2上的一对弧形凹槽与里侧板9上的一堆弧形凹槽呈90°角叉开布置，所述弧形凹槽与转子4的侧面共同围成藏油腔26，所述蓄油腔12通过六个贯穿孔11可以与所述藏油腔26相连通，所述外壳体1、外侧板2之间设有密封圈18，所述储油腔17是由所述外壳体1、外侧板2、密封圈18共同围成的空间，所述储油腔17呈环状，所述外壳体1上设有Ⅰ油口16和Ⅱ油口15，所述外侧板2朝向叶片14的一侧分别设有N个均布的通油口Ⅰ27和N个均布的通油口Ⅱ28，N个所述通油口Ⅰ27和N个所述通油口Ⅱ28依次交错布置，所述通油口Ⅰ27与Ⅰ油口16相连通，所述通油口Ⅱ28与Ⅱ油口15相连通，所述外侧板2在所述Ⅰ油口16位置处设有与所述Ⅰ油口16相连通的Ⅰ油道25，所述外侧板2在所述Ⅰ油道25的一侧设有与所述Ⅱ油口15相连通的Ⅱ油道23，所述Ⅰ油道25、Ⅱ油道23之间设有油控道24，所述油控道24与所述储油腔17之间设有与两者相连通的通油道21，所述油控道24内设有控制所述Ⅰ油道25、Ⅱ油道23分别与所述通油道21之间通断的滚珠22，所述滚珠22的直径均大于所述Ⅰ油道25、Ⅱ油道23、通油道21的直径，为了装入滚珠22，油控道24的一端设有直径大于或等于油控道24的工艺孔，装入滚珠22后，在工艺孔中设置有镶套20，用镶套20限位滚珠22，然后用堵头将工艺孔封闭并限位镶套20，所述镶套20内设有通油孔19，所述通油孔19的直径小于所述滚珠22的直径，所述通油孔19与所述Ⅰ油道25相连通，所述镶套20、Ⅱ油道23分列在所述滚珠22的两侧，所述外侧板2上设有过油道Ⅰ3，所述定子7上设有过油道Ⅱ6，所述里侧板9上设有过油道Ⅲ8，所述储油腔17通过所述过油道Ⅰ3与所述外侧板2上的所述藏油腔26相连通，所述储油腔17还依次通过所述过油道Ⅰ3、过油道Ⅱ6、过油道Ⅲ8与所述里侧板9上的所述藏油腔26相连通，所述里侧板9朝向叶片14的一侧设有8个均布的通油腔29。
实施例中将Ⅰ油口和Ⅱ油口都设置在外壳体上，在外侧板上设置有与Ⅰ油口和Ⅱ油口相对应的Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道，并在Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道之间设置油控道，在油控道中设置控油机构，不管Ⅰ油口或者是Ⅱ油口作为高压液压油的输入口，都可以将高压液压油同时引入外侧板、里侧板的藏油腔中，以便叶片与分列在叶片两侧的外侧板、里侧板之间建立高压润滑油膜，同时确保转子低速旋转时叶片顶部与定子内表面的可靠抵接。将Ⅰ油口和Ⅱ油口都设置在外壳体上的目的在于可以使多作用叶片式液压马达的供、回油管路的布置集中在外侧，这样多作用叶片式液压马达大部分体积可以进入相对较小的空间里进行布置，进一步有效节省多作用叶片式液压马达的布置空间。控油机构的控油原理：控油机构可以是电磁阀，也可以是气动控制阀，也可以是手动切换阀，本发明优选为滚珠，且直径大于Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道、通油道的直径。当Ⅰ油道作为进油道时，Ⅱ油道则为回油道，滚珠在Ⅰ油道的高压液压油的推动下滚向低压液压油的Ⅱ油道，并杜塞Ⅱ油道，确保Ⅰ油道只与通油道连通；当Ⅱ油道作为进油道时，Ⅰ油道则为回油道，滚珠在Ⅱ油道的高压液压油的推动下滚向低压液压油的Ⅰ油道，并杜塞Ⅰ油道，确保Ⅱ油道只与通油道连通。这样不管Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道哪个是进油道，都能保证叶片两侧建立高压润滑油膜以及叶片根部的供油管路得到高压液压油的供应。用滚珠作为控油机构，可以省略其他附设机构，如电控机构、气动机构等，同时又可以对高压液压油的流向改变作及时响应。
实施例中在油控道内还设有镶套，所述镶套内设有通油孔，所述通油孔的直径小于所述滚珠的直径，所述通油孔与所述Ⅰ油道相连通，所述镶套、Ⅱ油道分列在所述滚珠的两侧。由于滚珠的直径大于Ⅰ油道、Ⅱ油道、通油道的直径，为了装入滚珠，油控道的一端需要建立直径大于或等于油控道的工艺孔，装入滚珠后，用镶套限位滚珠，然后用堵头将工艺孔封闭并限位镶套，这样有利于滚珠顺利实施控油机构的功能。
实施例中在外壳体、外侧板之间设有密封圈，所述储油腔是由所述外壳体、外侧板、密封圈共同围成的空间，所述储油腔呈环状。储油腔可以设置在外壳体内，也可以设置在外侧板内，本发明利用外壳体、外侧板之间的间隙，用一个密封圈就围成一个环形腔体，不仅可以简化加工工艺，降低制造成本，又可以同时满足叶片两侧建立高压润滑油膜以及叶片根部供压必要的多条供油管路。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳方案，并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制，在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容，属于本专业技术人员公知的现有技术。
Claims (5)
- 一种用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达，它包括外壳体、里壳体、Ⅰ油口、Ⅱ油口，所述外壳体和所述里壳体之间共同形成的内腔内设有外侧板、里侧板，所述外侧板、里侧板之间设有定子，所述定子内设有转子，所述转子的外周面周向均布有多个叶片槽，所述叶片槽内设有可滑动的叶片，其特征在于，所述定子内表面的横截面由N段大圆弧和N段小圆弧依次交错平滑连接围成，N为大于2的自然数，所述外侧板朝向叶片的一侧分别设有N个均布的通油口Ⅰ和N个均布的通油口Ⅱ，N个所述通油口Ⅰ和N个所述通油口Ⅱ依次交错布置，所述通油口Ⅰ与Ⅰ油口相连通，所述通油口Ⅱ与Ⅱ油口相连通。
- 根据权利要求1所述的用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达，其特征在于，所述里侧板朝向叶片的一侧设有2N个均布的通油腔。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达，其特征在于，所述转子内设有蓄油腔，所述蓄油腔通过贯通孔与叶片槽底部相连通，所述外侧板、里侧板上分别设有藏油腔，所述蓄油腔还通过贯穿孔可以与所述藏油腔相连通。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达，其特征在于，所述外侧板、里侧板朝向所述转子一侧的侧面设有弧形凹槽，所述藏油腔为所述弧形凹槽与所述转子共同围成的空间。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的用于重型机械的多作用叶片式液压马达，其特征在于，所述转子内表面上设有环形凹槽，所述蓄油腔由所述环形凹槽与套接在所述转子内表面中的传动轴共同围成的空间。
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