WO2022247624A1 - 微带天线结构及通信设备 - Google Patents

微带天线结构及通信设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022247624A1
WO2022247624A1 PCT/CN2022/091741 CN2022091741W WO2022247624A1 WO 2022247624 A1 WO2022247624 A1 WO 2022247624A1 CN 2022091741 W CN2022091741 W CN 2022091741W WO 2022247624 A1 WO2022247624 A1 WO 2022247624A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strip
patch
space
antenna
communicates
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/091741
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴祖兵
赵国华
郭凡玉
许峰凯
Original Assignee
成都天锐星通科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 成都天锐星通科技有限公司 filed Critical 成都天锐星通科技有限公司
Priority to EP22810351.1A priority Critical patent/EP4325881A4/en
Publication of WO2022247624A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022247624A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of microwave communication, in particular, to a microstrip antenna structure and communication equipment.
  • the microstrip antenna has the characteristics of small size, simple structure, easy fabrication, and low profile. It has gained widespread attention in the field of microwave communication.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a microstrip antenna structure and communication equipment, which can integrate the feeding components and antenna radiation components on the same layer of physical structure, reduce the overall height of the antenna structure, and reduce the antenna structure
  • the occupied space is convenient for the use of the antenna structure.
  • the present application provides a microstrip antenna structure
  • the microstrip antenna structure includes an antenna radiation component, an antenna feed component, a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, and an antenna floor, wherein the antenna radiation component includes Radiation patch and coupling patch;
  • the coupling patch and the antenna feed assembly are disposed on one side of the second dielectric board in communication with each other, and the antenna floor is disposed on the other side of the second dielectric board;
  • the radiation patch is arranged on one side of the first dielectric board, and the other side of the first dielectric board is stacked on the other side of the first dielectric board with the coupling patch and the antenna feed assembly separated.
  • the second dielectric board wherein, the patch projection area of the radiation patch on the second dielectric board overlaps with the coupling patch at least partially, and the antenna feed assembly is located in the patch projection area outside.
  • the coupling patch includes a first strip patch, a second strip patch, a third strip patch and a fourth strip patch distributed in a ring, wherein the first strip patch The length extension direction of the strip patch is perpendicular to the length extension direction of the second strip patch;
  • the first strip-shaped patch and the third strip-shaped patch are spaced from each other, and the respective length extension directions of the first strip-shaped patch and the third strip-shaped patch coincide with each other;
  • the second strip-shaped patch and the fourth strip-shaped patch are spaced apart from each other, and the respective length extension directions of the second strip-shaped patch and the fourth strip-shaped patch coincide with each other;
  • the size of the first strip-shaped patch and the second strip-shaped patch are the same, and the first strip-shaped patch and the third strip-shaped patch are in the same shape.
  • the second strip patch and the fourth strip patch are centrally symmetrically distributed.
  • the center of symmetry between the first strip-shaped patch and the third strip-shaped patch, and the center of symmetry between the second strip-shaped patch and the fourth strip-shaped patch coincide with each other;
  • the distances between the first strip patch, the second strip patch, the third strip patch and the fourth strip patch and the center of symmetry are equal.
  • the antenna feed assembly includes a signal transmission strip and a plurality of feed connection strips, wherein the total number of the feed connection strips is less than four;
  • the signal transmission strip is connected to the first strip patch, the second strip patch, the third strip patch and the fourth strip patch via a plurality of the feed connection strips connected, wherein each of the feed connecting strips is used to connect the first strip patch, the second strip patch, the third strip patch and the fourth strip patch.
  • the plurality of feed connection bars include a first connection bar and a second connection bar
  • the signal transmission bar includes a first the transmission strip and the second transmission strip
  • One end of the first connecting strip communicates with the end of the first strip patch away from the space, and the other end of the first connecting strip communicates with the end of the second strip patch away from the space. part connected;
  • One end of the second connecting strip communicates with the end of the third strip patch away from the space, and the other end of the second connecting strip communicates with the end of the fourth strip patch away from the space. part connected;
  • the first transmission strip communicates with the end of the first strip patch away from the space
  • the second transmission strip communicates with the end of the fourth strip patch away from the space
  • the first transmission strip communicates with the end of the second strip patch away from the space, and the second transmission strip communicates with the end of the third strip patch away from the space;
  • first connection bar is directly connected to the first connection bar
  • second transmission bar is directly connected to the second connection bar
  • the plurality of feed connection bars include a first connection bar, a second connection bar and a third connection bar;
  • One end of the first connecting strip communicates with the end of the first strip patch away from the space, and the other end of the first connecting strip communicates with the end of the second strip patch away from the space. part connected;
  • One end of the second connecting strip communicates with the end of the third strip patch away from the space, and the other end of the second connecting strip communicates with the end of the fourth strip patch away from the space. part connected;
  • One end of the third connecting strip communicates with the end of the second strip patch away from the space, and the other end of the third connecting strip communicates with the end of the third strip patch away from the space. part connected;
  • the signal transmission strip communicates with the end of the first strip patch or the fourth strip patch away from the space, or the signal transmission strip communicates with the first connection strip and the second connection strip.
  • one of the connecting bars and the third connecting bar is directly connected.
  • the plurality of feed connection bars include a first connection bar, a second connection bar and a fourth connection bar;
  • One end of the first connecting strip communicates with the end of the first strip patch away from the space, and the other end of the first connecting strip communicates with the end of the second strip patch away from the space. part connected;
  • One end of the second connecting strip communicates with the end of the third strip patch away from the space, and the other end of the second connecting strip communicates with the end of the fourth strip patch away from the space. part connected;
  • One end of the fourth connecting strip communicates with the end of the first strip patch away from the space, and the other end of the fourth connecting strip communicates with the end of the fourth strip patch away from the space. part connected;
  • the signal transmission bar is directly connected to one of the first connecting bar, the second connecting bar and the fourth connecting bar.
  • the second dielectric plate is provided with a plurality of isolation holes penetrating through the second dielectric plate, wherein the plurality of isolation holes are distributed around the antenna feed assembly and connected to the The antenna floor is connected.
  • the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes at least one microstrip antenna structure according to any one of the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the antenna feed assembly and the coupling patch in the antenna radiation assembly are arranged on one side of the second dielectric board in communication with each other, and the antenna floor is arranged on the other side of the second dielectric board, and then Set the radiation patch in the antenna radiating component on one side of the first dielectric board, and then stack the other side of the first dielectric board on the second dielectric board with the coupling patch and the antenna feed component spaced apart.
  • the patch projection area of the radiating patch on the second dielectric plate overlaps with the coupling patch at least partially, and the antenna feed components are distributed outside the patch projection area of the radiating patch, so that the coupling patch can radiate
  • the antenna feed point is formed in the patch projection area of the patch to ensure that the antenna feed component can perform signal coupling and transmission through the coupling patch and the radiation patch, so that while realizing the communication function of the antenna structure, the feed component and the antenna radiate
  • the components are integrated and arranged on the same layer of physical structure, which reduces the overall height of the antenna structure, reduces the occupied space of the antenna structure, and facilitates the use of the antenna structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the microstrip antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is one of the connection schematic diagrams of the antenna feed assembly and the coupling patch provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 3 is the second schematic diagram of the connection between the antenna feed assembly and the coupling patch provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is the third schematic diagram of the connection between the antenna feed assembly and the coupling patch provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic diagram of connection between the antenna feed assembly and the coupling patch provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Icon 100-Microstrip antenna structure; 110-Antenna radiation component; 111-Radiation patch; 112-Coupling patch; 113-First strip patch; 114-Second strip patch; 115-Third strip 116-the fourth strip patch; 120-antenna feed assembly; 130-the first dielectric board; 140-the second dielectric board; 150-antenna floor; 121-feed connecting strip; 122-signal transmission 123-first connecting bar; 124-second connecting bar; 125-third connecting bar; 126-fourth connecting bar; 127-first transmission bar; 128-second transmission bar; 160-isolating hole.
  • the terms “installation”, “installation”, “connection”, and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • installation can be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of a microstrip antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the microstrip antenna structure 100 can integrate the feeding part and the antenna radiating part on the same layer of physical structure under the condition of realizing its own antenna communication function, so as to reduce the overall size of the antenna structure. height, reducing the occupied space of the antenna structure, and facilitating the use of the antenna structure.
  • the microstrip antenna structure 100 may include an antenna radiation component 110 , an antenna feed component 120 , a first dielectric plate 130 , a second dielectric plate 140 and an antenna floor 150 .
  • the antenna radiation component 110 includes a radiation patch 111 and a coupling patch 112, wherein the radiation patch 111 is used to realize the function of signal transceiving, and the coupling patch 112 is used to communicate with the radiation patch 112.
  • the chip 111 establishes a signal coupling relationship, so that the hardware structure with antenna feeding function uses the coupling patch 112 to transmit the electromagnetic wave signal to be transmitted to the radiation patch 111 through signal coupling for signal transmission processing, and at the same time facilitates the The radiation patch 111 transmits the received electromagnetic wave signal to the coupling patch 112 through signal coupling, and the coupling patch 112 transmits the received electromagnetic wave signal to the hardware structure having the antenna feeding function.
  • the patch shape of the radiation patch 111 may be, but not limited to, any one of circle, ellipse, square, polygon and other figures.
  • the antenna feed assembly 120 is used to realize the antenna feed function of the microstrip antenna structure 100
  • the antenna floor 150 is used to realize the ground function of the microstrip antenna structure 100
  • the coupling patch 112 and the antenna feed assembly 120 are disposed on the same side surface of the second dielectric board 140, and the coupling patch 112 and the antenna feed assembly 120 communicate with each other, so that all The antenna feeding component 120 performs signal coupling and transmission with the radiation patch 111 through the coupling patch 112 .
  • the antenna floor 150 is disposed on the other side surface of the second dielectric board 140 .
  • the radiation patch 111 is arranged on one side of the first dielectric plate 130, and the other side of the first dielectric plate 130 is separated from the coupling patch 112 and the
  • the antenna feed assembly 120 is superimposed on the second dielectric plate 140, so that the patch projection area of the radiation patch 111 on the second dielectric plate 140 and the coupling patch 112 are at least partly Overlap, to form an antenna feed point in the patch projection area of the radiation patch 111 through the coupling patch 112, so that the antenna feed component 120 can establish a signal transmission relationship with the radiation patch 111 , and at the same time let the antenna feed assembly 120 be distributed outside the patch projection area of the radiation patch 111, so as to avoid the interference of the antenna feed assembly 120 on the signal coupling performance of the coupling patch 112, thereby It is ensured that the antenna feed assembly 120 can perform signal coupling and transmission with the radiation patch 111 through the coupling patch 112 .
  • the present application can integrate the antenna feed assembly 120 and the antenna radiation assembly 110 on the same layer of physical structure, reduce the overall height of the antenna structure, and reduce the size of the antenna.
  • the occupied space of the structure is convenient for the use of the antenna structure.
  • the coupling patch 112 may include a plurality of strip patches, and the coupling patch 112 is within the patch projection area of the radiation patch 111 through the plurality of strip patches.
  • Multiple antenna feed points are formed to expand the microstrip antenna structure 100 into a multi-feed point antenna.
  • the number of the strip patches may be two, or three, or four or more, wherein each strip patch corresponds to an antenna feed point. Taking two strip patches as an example, the two strip patches can be distributed in such a way that the length extension direction is perpendicular to each other; taking three strip patches as an example, the three strip patches can be distributed along the length extension direction. into a 120° way.
  • the specific implementation manner of the coupling patch 112 will be described below by taking four strip patches as an example.
  • FIG. 2 is one of the connection schematic diagrams of the antenna feed assembly 120 and the coupling patch 112 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the four strip patches included in the coupling patch 112 can be respectively represented as a first strip patch 113, a second strip patch 114, a third strip patch 115 and a fourth strip patch 115.
  • Strip patch 116 can be respectively represented as a first strip patch 113, a second strip patch 114, a third strip patch 115 and a fourth strip patch 115.
  • the first strip patch 113, the second strip patch 114, the third strip patch 115 and the fourth strip patch 116 are annularly distributed in the second medium
  • the length extending direction of the first strip patch 113 and the length extending direction of the second strip patch 114 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the first strip patch 113 and the third strip patch 115 are spaced apart from each other, and the respective length extension directions of the first strip patch 113 and the third strip patch 115 coincide with each other,
  • the first strip patch 113 and the third strip patch 115 are arranged on the same straight line at intervals.
  • the second strip patch 114 and the fourth strip patch 116 are spaced apart from each other, and the respective length extension directions of the second strip patch 114 and the fourth strip patch 116 coincide with each other. , so that the second strip patch 114 and the fourth strip patch 116 are arranged on the same straight line at intervals.
  • the space between the first strip patch 113 and the third strip patch 115, and the space between the second strip patch 114 and the fourth strip patch 116 Interspaces blend with each other.
  • the first strip-shaped patch 113, the second strip-shaped patch 114, the third strip-shaped patch 115 and the fourth strip-shaped patch 116 can present a cross-like shape as a whole.
  • the respective length extension directions of adjacent strip patches are perpendicular to each other, so that the first strip patch 113, the second strip patch 114, the third strip patch 115 and the Each of the fourth strip patch 116 uses the end near the space as an antenna feed point of the microstrip antenna structure 100, so that the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through these four strip patches exhibits a phase
  • the phase difference is a multiple of 90°.
  • the patch sizes of the first strip patch 113, the second strip patch 114, the third strip patch 115 and the fourth strip patch 116 are They can be the same, partially the same, or completely different.
  • the specific size of the patch can be configured differently by the antenna designer according to the antenna communication performance requirements.
  • the first strip-shaped patch 113 and the second strip-shaped patch 114 have the same patch size, and the first strip-shaped patch 113 and the second strip-shaped patch 113 The three strips 115 are center-symmetrically distributed, and the second strip 114 and the fourth strip 116 are center-symmetrically distributed.
  • the first strip 113, the second The size of each of the two strip patches 114 , the third strip patch 115 and the fourth strip patch 116 is the same.
  • first strip-shaped patch 113 and the second strip-shaped patch 114 have the same patch size, the first strip-shaped patch 113 and the third strip-shaped patch 113 The slices 115 are center-symmetrically distributed, and the second strip patch 114 and the fourth strip patch 116 are center-symmetrically distributed.
  • the first strip patch 113 and the third strip patch The center of symmetry between the patches 115, and the center of symmetry between the second strip patch 114 and the fourth strip patch 116 may coincide with each other, or may not coincide, while the first strip patch
  • the distances from the strip-shaped patch 113 and the third strip-shaped patch 115 to the corresponding center of symmetry, and the distances from the second strip-shaped patch 114 and the fourth strip-shaped patch 116 to the corresponding center of symmetry can be The same, but can be different.
  • the specific coincidence of the symmetry center and/or the distance from the corresponding symmetry center can also be configured differently by the antenna designer according to the communication performance requirements of the antenna.
  • the first strip patch 113, the second strip patch 114, the third strip patch In the case where the strip patch 115 and the fourth strip patch 116 have the same patch size, the center of symmetry between the first strip patch 113 and the third strip patch 115 , designed to coincide with the center of symmetry between the second strip patch 114 and the fourth strip patch 116, and make the first strip patch 113, the second strip patch 113
  • the distance between each of the bar-shaped patch 114 , the third strip-shaped patch 115 and the fourth strip-shaped patch 116 and the center of symmetry is equal.
  • the antenna feed assembly 120 can include The signal transmission strip 122 and a plurality of feed connecting strips 121 are used to construct the antenna polarization mode of the microstrip antenna structure 100, wherein the antenna polarization mode of the microstrip antenna structure 100 can be double circular polarization mode, left-handed Any of circular polarization, right-handed circular polarization, and linear polarization.
  • the signal transmission strip 122 is used to serve as the electromagnetic wave signal input/output port of the antenna feed assembly 120, and the signal transmission strip 122 needs to pass through a plurality of the feed connection strips 121 and the first strip.
  • the patch 113 , the second strip patch 114 , the third strip patch 115 and the fourth strip patch 116 are connected to form a specific antenna polarization mode of the microstrip antenna structure 100 .
  • each of the feeding connecting strips 121 is used to connect the first strip patch 113, the second strip patch 114, the third strip patch 115 and the first strip patch 115 to the Any pair of adjacent strip patches among the four strip patches 116 communicate with each other at the ends far away from the space.
  • the total number of the feed connecting strips 121 needs to be less than four, so as to avoid a plurality of the feeding connecting strips 121 communicating with each other to form a closed-loop structure, preventing the antenna feeding assembly 120 from short-circuiting, and avoiding that the antenna polarization mode cannot be realized. The phenomenon.
  • the antenna polarization of the microstrip antenna structure 100 needs to be constructed as a dual circular polarization, two feeding connecting strips 121 are required and the The above signal transmission strip 122 is divided into two independent operation transmission strips to realize, at this time need to use two feed connection strips 121 in the four strip patches included in the coupling patch 112 to make each strip patch Only communicate with one strip patch, let the two feed connection strips 121 be distributed diagonally, and then install the two transmission strips respectively at the ends of a pair of unconnected adjacent strip patches that are far away from the space or install the two transmission strips on a feed connecting strip 121 respectively, so as to realize the dual circular polarization effect of the antenna through the connection between the antenna feed assembly 120 and the four strip patches.
  • the first strip patch 113 and the second strip patch 114 are communicated through a feed connection bar 121, and the third strip patch 115 and the second strip patch 114 are connected through another feed connection strip 121.
  • the fourth strip patch 116 is connected.
  • a transmission strip can be installed on the first strip patch 113 and another transmission strip can be installed on the fourth strip patch 116 to realize the dual circular polarization mode of the antenna;
  • a transmission strip is installed on the second strip patch 114 and another transmission strip is installed on the third strip patch 115 to realize the dual circular polarization mode of the antenna;
  • a transmission strip can also be directly installed on the third strip patch 115 on the feed connection bar 121 between the strip patch 113 and the second strip patch 114, and directly install another transmission strip on the third strip patch 115 and the fourth strip patch 115
  • the dual circular polarization mode of the antenna is implemented on the feed connecting strip 121 between the shaped patches 116 .
  • the first strip patch 113 and the fourth strip patch 116 are communicated through a feed connection bar 121, and the third strip patch 115 and the fourth strip patch 116 are connected through another feed connection strip 121.
  • the second strip patch 114 is connected.
  • a transmission strip can be installed on the first strip patch 113 and another transmission strip can be installed on the second strip patch 114 to realize the dual circular polarization mode of the antenna;
  • a transmission strip is installed on the third strip patch 115 and another transmission strip is installed on the fourth strip patch 116 to realize the dual circular polarization mode of the antenna;
  • a transmission strip can also be directly installed on the fourth strip patch 116 on the feed connection bar 121 between the strip patch 113 and the fourth strip patch 116, and directly install another transmission strip on the third strip patch 115 and the second strip patch 115
  • the dual circular polarization mode of the antenna is implemented on the feed connecting strip 121 between the shaped patches 114 .
  • the multiple feed connection bars 121 include a first connection bar 123 and a second connection bar 124, so
  • the signal transmission strip 122 includes a first transmission strip 127 and a second transmission strip 128 .
  • one end of the first connecting strip 123 communicates with the end of the first strip patch 113 away from the space, and the other end of the first connecting strip 123 communicates with the second strip patch 113.
  • the 114 is in communication with the end away from the space, and one end of the second connecting bar 124 is in communication with the end of the third strip patch 115 away from the space, and the other end of the second connecting bar 124 is in communication with The end of the fourth strip patch 116 away from the space is connected, and then the first transmission strip 127 can be connected with the end of the first strip patch 113 away from the space, and the The second transmission strip 128 communicates with the end of the fourth strip patch 116 away from the space, or the first transmission strip 127 can be connected with the end of the second strip patch 114 away from the space.
  • the second transmission strip 128 communicates, and communicate the second transmission strip 128 with the end of the third strip patch 115 away from the space, or directly communicate the first transmission strip 127 with the first connection strip 123, And the second transmission strip 128 is directly connected with the second connection strip 124, so as to realize the dual circular polarization effect of the antenna.
  • the first transmission strip 127 communicates with the end of the first strip patch 113 away from the space
  • the second transmission strip 128 communicates with the fourth strip patch.
  • the end of 116 far away from the space is connected as an example, and the dual circular polarization of the microstrip antenna structure 100 is briefly described.
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the first transmission strip 127 and the first strip patch 113 is M1 and the signal phase is P1
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the second transmission strip 128 and the third strip patch 115 is M3 and the signal phase is P3
  • Figure 3 is the second schematic diagram of the connection between the antenna feed assembly 120 and the coupling patch 112 provided by the embodiment of the application
  • Figure 4 is the antenna feed provided by the embodiment of the application
  • the third schematic diagram of the connection between the component 120 and the coupling patch 112 if the antenna polarization mode of the microstrip antenna structure 100 needs to be constructed as a single circular polarization mode (left-handed circular polarization mode or right-handed circular polarization mode), three feeding connections are required
  • the strip 121 cooperates with the signal transmission strip 122 to realize.
  • the first strip patch 113, the second strip patch 114, the third strip patch 115 and the fourth strip patch 116 are connected through three feeding connecting strips 121, At this time, if the second strip patch 114 is directly connected to the third strip patch 115 without using the feed connecting strip 121, the signal transmission strip 122 can be directly installed on the second strip patch 114 to realize the left-handed circular polarization mode, or install the signal transmission strip 122 directly on the third strip patch 115 to realize the right-handed circular polarization mode, or directly install the signal transmission strip 122 on the three feeders A left-handed/right-handed circular polarization mode is implemented on one of the feeder connecting bars 121 of the electrical connecting bars 121.
  • the signal transmission strip 122 can be directly installed on the fourth strip patch 116. Realize the left-handed circular polarization mode, or install the signal transmission strip 122 directly on the first strip patch 113 to realize the right-handed circular polarization mode, or directly install the signal transmission strip 122 on the three feeder connections
  • One of the feed connection bars 121 in the bars 121 is used to realize the left-handed/right-handed circular polarization mode.
  • the signal transmission strip 122 can be directly installed on the first strip patch 113 Realize the left-handed circular polarization mode, or install the signal transmission strip 122 directly on the second strip patch 114 to realize the right-handed circular polarization mode, or directly install the signal transmission strip 122 on the three feeding connections
  • One of the feed connection bars 121 in the bars 121 is used to realize the left-handed/right-handed circular polarization mode.
  • the signal transmission strip 122 can be directly installed on the third strip patch 115. Realize the left-handed circular polarization mode, or install the signal transmission strip 122 directly on the fourth strip patch 116 to realize the right-handed circular polarization mode, or directly install the signal transmission strip 122 on the three feeding connections
  • One of the feed connection bars 121 in the bars 121 is used to realize the left-handed/right-handed circular polarization mode.
  • the plurality of the feed connection bars 121 include a first connection bar 123, a second connection bar 124 and a second connection bar 124.
  • Three connection bars 125 One end of the first connecting strip 123 communicates with the end of the first strip patch 113 away from the space, and the other end of the first connecting strip 123 communicates with the end of the second strip patch 114.
  • the ends of the compartments are connected.
  • One end of the second connecting strip 124 communicates with the end of the third strip patch 115 away from the space, and the other end of the second connecting strip 124 communicates with the end of the fourth strip patch 116.
  • the ends of the compartments are connected.
  • One end of the third connecting strip 125 communicates with the end of the second strip patch 114 away from the space, and the other end of the third connecting strip 125 communicates with the end of the third strip patch 115.
  • the ends of the compartments are connected.
  • the signal transmission strip 122 can be connected with the end of the first strip patch 113 away from the space to realize the right-handed circular polarization mode, or the signal transmission strip 122 can be connected with the first strip patch 113
  • the ends of the four-strip patches 116 away from the space are connected to realize left-handed circular polarization, or the signal transmission strip 122 can be connected to the first connection strip 123, the second connection strip 124 and the first connection strip 124. Any one of the three connecting bars 125 is directly connected to realize left-handed/right-handed circular polarization, thereby realizing the single circular polarization effect of the antenna.
  • the right-handed circular polarization of the microstrip antenna structure 100 will be briefly described. illustrate.
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the signal transmission strip 122 and the first strip patch 113 is M1 and the signal phase is P1
  • the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the signal transmission strip 122 and the second strip patch 114 The signal amplitude of the transmitted electromagnetic wave signal is M2 and the signal phase is P2
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the signal transmission strip 122 and the third strip patch 115 is M3 and the signal phase is P3, through the
  • the left-handed circular polarization of the microstrip antenna structure 100 will be briefly described.
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the signal transmission strip 122 and the first strip patch 113 is M1 and the signal phase is P1
  • the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the signal transmission strip 122 and the second strip patch 114 The signal amplitude of the transmitted electromagnetic wave signal is M2 and the signal phase is P2
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the signal transmission strip 122 and the third strip patch 115 is M3 and the signal phase is P3, through the
  • FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic diagram of connection between the antenna feed assembly 120 and the coupling patch 112 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna polarization mode of the microstrip antenna structure 100 needs to be constructed as a linear polarization mode, it can also be realized by using three feeding connecting strips 121 to cooperate with the signal transmission strip 122. It is necessary to use three feed connection strips 121 to connect the four strip patches included in the coupling patch 112, and then install the signal transmission strip 122 on any one of the three feed connection strips 121 for feed connection On the strip 121, the antenna linear polarization effect is realized through the connection between the antenna feed assembly 120 and the four strip patches.
  • the first strip patch 113, the second strip patch 114, the third strip patch 115 and the fourth strip patch 116 are connected through three feeding connecting strips 121, At this time, the signal transmission strip 122 can be directly installed on any one of the three feed connection strips 121 to construct a linear polarization mode satisfying the polarization angle required by the antenna designer.
  • the plurality of the feed connection bars 121 include a first connection bar 123, a second connection bar 124 and a second connection bar 124.
  • One end of the first connecting strip 123 communicates with the end of the first strip patch 113 away from the space, and the other end of the first connecting strip 123 communicates with the end of the second strip patch 114.
  • the ends of the compartments are connected.
  • One end of the second connecting strip 124 communicates with the end of the third strip patch 115 away from the space, and the other end of the second connecting strip 124 communicates with the end of the fourth strip patch 116.
  • the ends of the compartments are connected.
  • One end of the fourth connecting strip 126 communicates with the end of the first strip patch 113 away from the space, and the other end of the fourth connecting strip 126 communicates with the end of the fourth strip patch 116.
  • the ends of the compartments are connected.
  • the signal transmission bar 122 can be directly connected with any one of the first connecting bar 123, the second connecting bar 124, and the fourth connecting bar 126, thereby realizing antenna line polarization Effect.
  • the linear polarization of the microstrip antenna structure 100 will be briefly described below by taking the direct connection between the signal transmission strip 122 and the fourth connection strip 126 as an example.
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the signal transmission strip 122 and the first strip patch 113 is M1 and the signal phase is P1
  • the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the signal transmission strip 122 and the second strip patch 114 The signal amplitude of the transmitted electromagnetic wave signal is M2 and the signal phase is P2
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through the signal transmission strip 122 and the third strip patch 115 is M3 and the signal phase is P3, through the
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the signal transmission strip 122 and the fourth strip patch 116 is M4 and the signal phase is P4, through the connected end of the signal transmission strip 122 and the first strip patch 113
  • the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted at the end is M5 and the signal phase is P5, and the signal amplitude of the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted through
  • the present application can use the above-mentioned signal transmission strip 122 and the plurality of feeding connection strips 121 to cooperate with the four strip patches included in the coupling patch 112 to construct a matching antenna polarization mode according to the needs of antenna designers.
  • the shape of the feed connection bar 121 may be, but not limited to, arc shape, long strip shape, any curved shape with a bent portion.
  • the second medium The plate 140 is provided with a plurality of isolation holes 160 penetrating through the second dielectric plate 140, so that the plurality of isolation holes 160 are distributed around the antenna feed assembly 120 and communicate with the antenna floor 150, thereby reducing the The antenna feeding component 120 interferes with the signal radiation of the antenna radiating component 110 .
  • a plurality of isolation holes 160 may be opened on both sides of each feed connection bar 121 included in the antenna feed assembly 120 .
  • the present application may also provide a communication device, which uses at least one microstrip antenna structure 100 described above to realize its own communication function.
  • multiple microstrip antenna structures 100 can be formed into an array to form an antenna array, which is used for integration with other communication hardware units.
  • the present application sets up a part of the second dielectric board by connecting the antenna feed component and the coupling patch in the antenna radiation component to each other.
  • the other side of the board is stacked on the second dielectric board at intervals between the coupling patch and the antenna feed assembly, so that the patch projection area of the radiation patch on the second dielectric board overlaps with the coupling patch at least partially, so that Antenna feed components are distributed outside the patch projection area of the radiation patch to form an antenna feed point in the patch projection area of the radiation patch through the coupling patch, so as to ensure that the antenna feed component can pass through the coupling patch and the radiation patch Carry out signal coupling transmission, so that while realizing the communication function of the antenna structure, the feeding component and the antenna radiation component are integrated and

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Abstract

本申请提供一种微带天线结构及通信设备，涉及微波通信技术领域。本申请通过将天线馈电组件与天线辐射组件中的耦合贴片相互连通地设置第二介质板的一侧板面上，并在第二介质板的另一侧板面上设置天线地板，而后将天线辐射组件中的辐射贴片设置在第一介质板的一侧板面上，接着将第一介质板的另一侧板面间隔耦合贴片及天线馈电组件地叠合在第二介质板上，使辐射贴片在第二介质板上的贴片投影区域与耦合贴片至少部分重叠，让天线馈电组件分布在辐射贴片的贴片投影区域外侧，从而在实现天线结构的通信功能的同时，将馈电组件及天线辐射组件在同一层物理结构上进行集成布置，减小天线结构的整体高度及占用空间，便于天线结构的使用。

Description

微带天线结构及通信设备 技术领域
本申请涉及微波通信技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种微带天线结构及通信设备。
背景技术
随着科学技术的不断发展，微波通信技术在各大行业的应用越发广泛，人们对天线的硬件性能提出了更高要求，其中微带天线具有体积小、结构简单、易于制作、剖面低等特性在微波通信领域中获得了广泛关注。
而对传统的微带天线来说，通常需要将对应的馈电电路单独设计为一层物理结构，进而大大增加整个天线厚度，提升了通信系统设计难度，不利于与其他通信硬件单元进行整合集成。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请的目的在于提供一种微带天线结构及通信设备，能够将馈电组件及天线辐射组件在同一层物理结构上进行集成布置，减小天线结构的整体高度，缩减天线结构的占用空间，便于天线结构的使用。
为了实现上述目的，本申请实施例采用的技术方案如下：
第一方面，本申请提供一种微带天线结构，所述微带天线结构包括天线辐射组件、天线馈电组件、第一介质板、第二介质板以及天线地板，其中所述天线辐射组件包括辐射贴片以及耦合贴片；
所述耦合贴片与所述天线馈电组件相互连通地设置所述第二介质板的一侧板面上，所述天线地板设置在所述第二介质板的另一侧板面上；
所述辐射贴片设置在所述第一介质板的一侧板面上，所述第一介质板的另一侧板面间隔所述耦合贴片及所述天线馈电组件地叠合 在所述第二介质板上；其中，所述辐射贴片在所述第二介质板上的贴片投影区域与所述耦合贴片至少部分重叠，所述天线馈电组件位于所述贴片投影区域外侧。
在可选的实施方式中，所述耦合贴片包括呈环形分布的第一条状贴片、第二条状贴片、第三条状贴片及第四条状贴片，其中所述第一条状贴片的长度延伸方向与所述第二条状贴片的长度延伸方向相互垂直；
所述第一条状贴片与所述第三条状贴片相互间隔，且所述第一条状贴片与所述第三条状贴片各自的长度延伸方向相互重合；
所述第二条状贴片与所述第四条状贴片相互间隔，且所述第二条状贴片与所述第四条状贴片各自的长度延伸方向相互重合；
其中，位于所述第一条状贴片和所述第三条状贴片之间的间隔空间，与位于所述第二条状贴片和所述第四条状贴片之间的间隔空间相互交融。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第一条状贴片与所述第二条状贴片各自的贴片尺寸一致，所述第一条状贴片与所述第三条状贴片呈中心对称分布，所述第二条状贴片与所述第四条状贴片呈中心对称分布。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第一条状贴片与所述第三条状贴片之间的对称中心，和所述第二条状贴片与所述第四条状贴片之间的对称中心相互重合；
其中，所述第一条状贴片、所述第二条状贴片、所述第三条状贴片及所述第四条状贴片各自与对称中心之间的距离相等。
在可选的实施方式中，所述天线馈电组件包括信号传输条及多个馈电连接条，其中所述馈电连接条的总数小于四；
所述信号传输条经多个所述馈电连接条与所述第一条状贴片、所述第二条状贴片、所述第三条状贴片及所述第四条状贴片连通，其中每个所述馈电连接条用于将所述第一条状贴片、所述第二条状贴片、所述第三条状贴片及所述第四条状贴片中的任意一对相邻条状贴片各自远离间隔空间的端部进行连通。
在可选的实施方式中，在所述馈电连接条的总数为二的情况下，多个所述馈电连接条包括第一连接条及第二连接条，所述信号传输条包括第一传输条及第二传输条；
所述第一连接条的一端与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第一连接条的另一端与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
所述第二连接条的一端与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二连接条的另一端与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
其中，所述第一传输条与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二传输条与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
或者，所述第一传输条与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二传输条与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
或者，所述第一连接条与所述第一连接条直接连通，所述第二传输条与所述第二连接条直接连通。
在可选的实施方式中，在所述馈电连接条的总数为三的情况下，多个所述馈电连接条包括第一连接条、第二连接条及第三连接条；
所述第一连接条的一端与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第一连接条的另一端与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
所述第二连接条的一端与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二连接条的另一端与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
所述第三连接条的一端与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第三连接条的另一端与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
所述信号传输条与所述第一条状贴片或所述第四条状贴片远 离间隔空间的端部连通，或者所述信号传输条与所述第一连接条、所述第二连接条及所述第三连接条中的一个连接条直接连通。
在可选的实施方式中，在所述馈电连接条的总数为三的情况下，多个所述馈电连接条包括第一连接条、第二连接条及第四连接条；
所述第一连接条的一端与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第一连接条的另一端与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
所述第二连接条的一端与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二连接条的另一端与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
所述第四连接条的一端与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第四连接条的另一端与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
所述信号传输条与所述第一连接条、所述第二连接条及所述第四连接条中的一个连接条直接连通。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第二介质板上开设有多个贯通所述第二介质板的隔离孔，其中多个所述隔离孔围绕所述天线馈电组件进行分布，并与所述天线地板连通。
第二方面，本申请提供一种通信设备，所述通信设备包括至少一个前述实施方式中任意一项所述的微带天线结构。
在此情况下，本申请实施例的有益效果包括以下内容：
本申请通过将天线馈电组件与天线辐射组件中的耦合贴片相互连通地设置第二介质板的一侧板面上，并在第二介质板的另一侧板面上设置天线地板，而后将天线辐射组件中的辐射贴片设置在第一介质板的一侧板面上，接着将第一介质板的另一侧板面间隔耦合贴片及天线馈电组件地叠合在第二介质板上，使辐射贴片在第二介质板上的贴片投影区域与耦合贴片至少部分重叠，让天线馈电组件分布在辐射贴片的贴片投影区域外侧，以通过耦合贴片在辐射贴片的贴片投影区域内形成天线馈点，确保天线馈电组件能够通过耦合贴片与辐射贴片 进行信号耦合传输，从而在实现天线结构的通信功能的同时，将馈电组件及天线辐射组件在同一层物理结构上进行集成布置，减小天线结构的整体高度，缩减天线结构的占用空间，便于天线结构的使用。
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举较佳实施例，并配合所附附图，作详细说明如下。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的微带天线结构的组成示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的天线馈电组件与耦合贴片的连通示意图之一；
图3为本申请实施例提供的天线馈电组件与耦合贴片的连通示意图之二；
图4为本申请实施例提供的天线馈电组件与耦合贴片的连通示意图之三；
图5为本申请实施例提供的天线馈电组件与耦合贴片的连通示意图之四。
图标：100-微带天线结构；110-天线辐射组件；111-辐射贴片；112-耦合贴片；113-第一条状贴片；114-第二条状贴片；115-第三条状贴片；116-第四条状贴片；120-天线馈电组件；130-第一介质板；140-第二介质板；150-天线地板；121-馈电连接条；122-信号传输条；123-第一连接条；124-第二连接条；125-第三连接条；126-第四连接条；127-第一传输条；128-第二传输条；160-隔离孔。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该申请产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，或者是本领域技术人员惯常理解的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和 限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
下面结合附图，对本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
请参照图1，图1是本申请实施例提供的微带天线结构100的组成示意图。在本申请实施例中，所述微带天线结构100能够在实现自身的天线通信功能的情况下，将馈电部件及天线辐射部件在同一层物理结构上进行集成布置，减小天线结构的整体高度，缩减天线结构的占用空间，便于天线结构的使用。其中，所述微带天线结构100可以包括天线辐射组件110、天线馈电组件120、第一介质板130、第二介质板140以及天线地板150。
在本实施例中，所述天线辐射组件110包括辐射贴片111以及耦合贴片112，其中所述辐射贴片111用于实现信号收发功能，所述耦合贴片112用于与所述辐射贴片111建立信号耦合关系，以便于具有天线馈电功能的硬件结构利用该耦合贴片112将待发射电磁波信号通过信号耦合的方式传输给所述辐射贴片111进行信号发射处理，同时便于所述辐射贴片111通过信号耦合的方式将接收到的电磁波信号传输给所述耦合贴片112，由所述耦合贴片112将接收到的电磁波信号传输给具有天线馈电功能的硬件结构。其中，所述辐射贴片111的贴片形状可以是，但不限于，圆形、椭圆形、方形、多边形等图形中的任意一种。
在本实施例中，所述天线馈电组件120用于实现所述微带天线结构100的天线馈电功能，所述天线地板150用于实现所述微带天线结构100的接地功能。所述耦合贴片112与所述天线馈电组件120设置所述第二介质板140的同一侧板面上，并且所述耦合贴片112与所述天线馈电组件120相互连通，以便于所述天线馈电组件120通过所述耦合贴 片112与所述辐射贴片111进行信号耦合传输。所述天线地板150设置在所述第二介质板140的另一侧板面上。
在本实施例中，所述辐射贴片111设置在所述第一介质板130的一侧板面上，所述第一介质板130的另一侧板面间隔所述耦合贴片112及所述天线馈电组件120地叠合在所述第二介质板140上，使所述辐射贴片111在所述第二介质板140上的贴片投影区域与所述耦合贴片112至少存在部分重叠，以通过所述耦合贴片112在所述辐射贴片111的贴片投影区域内形成天线馈点，便于所述天线馈电组件120建立与所述辐射贴片111之间的信号传输关系，同时让所述天线馈电组件120分布在所述辐射贴片111的贴片投影区域外侧，以尽量避免所述天线馈电组件120对所述耦合贴片112的信号耦合性能造成干扰，从而确保所述天线馈电组件120能够通过所述耦合贴片112与所述辐射贴片111进行信号耦合传输。
由此，本申请得以在实现微带天线结构100的通信功能的同时，将天线馈电组件120及天线辐射组件110在同一层物理结构上进行集成布置，减小天线结构的整体高度，缩减天线结构的占用空间，便于天线结构的使用。
在本申请实施例中，所述耦合贴片112可以包括多个条状贴片，所述耦合贴片112通过所述多个条状贴片在所述辐射贴片111的贴片投影区域内形成多个天线馈点，以将所述微带天线结构100扩展多馈点天线。其中所述条状贴片的数目可以为两个，也可以为三个，还可以是四个及四个以上，其中每个条状贴片对应形成一个天线馈点。以两个条状贴片为例，两个条状贴片可按照长度延伸方向相互垂直的方式进行分布；以三个条状贴片为例，三个条状贴片可按照长度延伸方向互相成120°的方式进行。下面以四个条状贴片为例，对所述耦合贴片112的具体实现方式进行举例说明。
请参照图2，图2是本申请实施例提供的天线馈电组件120与耦合贴片112的连通示意图之一。在本实施例中，所述耦合贴片112包括的四个条状贴片可分别表示为第一条状贴片113、第二条状贴片114、 第三条状贴片115及第四条状贴片116。
其中，所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116呈环形分布在所述第二介质板140上，所述第一条状贴片113的长度延伸方向与所述第二条状贴片114的长度延伸方向相互垂直。所述第一条状贴片113与所述第三条状贴片115相互间隔，且所述第一条状贴片113与所述第三条状贴片115各自的长度延伸方向相互重合，以将所述第一条状贴片113与所述第三条状贴片115间隔地设置在同一条直线上。而所述第二条状贴片114与所述第四条状贴片116相互间隔，且所述第二条状贴片114与所述第四条状贴片116各自的长度延伸方向相互重合，以将所述第二条状贴片114与所述第四条状贴片116间隔地设置在同一条直线上。位于所述第一条状贴片113和所述第三条状贴片115之间的间隔空间，与位于所述第二条状贴片114和所述第四条状贴片116之间的间隔空间相互交融。由此，所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116得以从整体上呈现出类十字型分布(相邻条状贴片各自的长度延伸方向相互垂直)，以便于第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116各自将靠近所述间隔空间的端部作为所述微带天线结构100的一个天线馈点，使通过这四个条状贴片传输的电磁波信号在相位方面表现出的相位差为90°的倍数。
在本实施例中，所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116各自的贴片尺寸可以相同，也可以部分相同，还可以完全不同，具体的贴片尺寸大小可由天线设计人员根据天线通信性能需求进行不同的配置。在本实施例的一种实施方式中，所述第一条状贴片113与所述第二条状贴片114各自的贴片尺寸一致，所述第一条状贴片113与所述第三条状贴片115呈中心对称分布，所述第二条状贴片114与所述第四条状贴片116呈中心对称分布，此时所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116各自的贴片尺寸一致。
在本实施例中，若所述第一条状贴片113与所述第二条状贴片114各自的贴片尺寸一致，所述第一条状贴片113与所述第三条状贴片115呈中心对称分布，且所述第二条状贴片114与所述第四条状贴片116呈中心对称分布，此时所述第一条状贴片113与所述第三条状贴片115之间的对称中心，和所述第二条状贴片114与所述第四条状贴片116之间的对称中心可以相互重合，也可以并不重合，而所述第一条状贴片113与所述第三条状贴片115各自到对应对称中心的距离，和所述第二条状贴片114与所述第四条状贴片116各自到对应对称中心的距离可以相同，以可以不同。具体的对称中心重合状况和/或与对应对称中心的距离大小也可由天线设计人员根据天线通信性能需求进行不同的配置。
在本实施例的一种实施方式中，为稳定所述耦合贴片112的信号耦合性能，可在所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116各自的贴片尺寸一致的情况下，将所述第一条状贴片113与所述第三条状贴片115之间的对称中心，设计为和所述第二条状贴片114与所述第四条状贴片116之间的对称中心相互重合的状态，并使所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116各自与对称中心之间的距离相等。
在本申请实施例中，当所述耦合贴片112包括所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116时，为确保所述天线馈电组件120能够配合四个条状贴片表现出所述微带天线结构100的具体天线极化方式，所述天线馈电组件120可以通过自身包括的信号传输条122及多个馈电连接条121来构建所述微带天线结构100的天线极化方式，其中所述微带天线结构100的天线极化方式可以是双圆极化方式、左旋圆极化方式、右旋圆极化方式及线极化方式中的任意一种。
其中，所述信号传输条122用于充当所述天线馈电组件120的电磁波信号输入/输出端口，所述信号传输条122需经多个所述馈电连接 条121与所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116连通，构建所述微带天线结构100的具体天线极化方式。在此过程中，每个所述馈电连接条121用于将所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、所述第三条状贴片115及所述第四条状贴片116中的任意一对相邻条状贴片各自远离间隔空间的端部进行连通。此外，所述馈电连接条121的总数需小于四，以避免多个所述馈电连接条121彼此连通形成闭环结构，防止所述天线馈电组件120短路，避免出现无法实现天线极化方式的现象。
可选地，请参照图2，在本实施例中，若需要将所述微带天线结构100的天线极化方式构建为双圆极化方式，则需要两个馈电连接条121并将所述信号传输条122分成两个独立运行的传输条来实现，此时需利用两个馈电连接条121在所述耦合贴片112包括的四个条状贴片中使每个条状贴片仅与一个条状贴片连通，让两个馈电连接条121呈对角线分布，而后将两个传输条分别安装在未连通的一对相邻条状贴片各自远离间隔空间的端部上，或者将这两个传输条分别安装在一个馈电连接条121上，从而通过这种天线馈电组件120与四个条状贴片的连通方式实现天线双圆极化效果。
例如，通过一个馈电连接条121将所述第一条状贴片113和所述第二条状贴片114连通，通过另一个馈电连接条121将所述第三条状贴片115和所述第四条状贴片116连通。此时，可在所述第一条状贴片113上安装一个传输条并在所述第四条状贴片116上安装另外一个传输条来实现天线双圆极化方式；也可在所述第二条状贴片114上安装一个传输条并在所述第三条状贴片115上安装另外一个传输条来实现天线双圆极化方式；还可直接将一个传输条安装在所述第一条状贴片113和所述第二条状贴片114之间的馈电连接条121上，并直接将另一传输条安装在所述第三条状贴片115和所述第四条状贴片116之间的馈电连接条121上来实现天线双圆极化方式。
或者，通过一个馈电连接条121将所述第一条状贴片113和所述第四条状贴片116连通，通过另一个馈电连接条121将所述第三条状贴 片115和所述第二条状贴片114连通。此时，可在所述第一条状贴片113上安装一个传输条并在所述第二条状贴片114上安装另外一个传输条来实现天线双圆极化方式；也可在所述第三条状贴片115上安装一个传输条并在所述第四条状贴片116上安装另外一个传输条来实现天线双圆极化方式；还可直接将一个传输条安装在所述第一条状贴片113和所述第四条状贴片116之间的馈电连接条121上，并直接将另一传输条安装在所述第三条状贴片115和所述第二条状贴片114之间的馈电连接条121上来实现天线双圆极化方式。
在本实施例的一种实施方式中，在所述馈电连接条121的总数为二的情况下，多个所述馈电连接条121包括第一连接条123及第二连接条124，所述信号传输条122包括第一传输条127及第二传输条128。此时，所述第一连接条123的一端与所述第一条状贴片113的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第一连接条123的另一端与所述第二条状贴片114的远离间隔空间的端部连通，而所述第二连接条124的一端与所述第三条状贴片115的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二连接条124的另一端与所述第四条状贴片116的远离间隔空间的端部连通，而后可将所述第一传输条127与所述第一条状贴片113的远离间隔空间的端部连通，并将所述第二传输条128与所述第四条状贴片116的远离间隔空间的端部连通，或者可将第一传输条127与所述第二条状贴片114的远离间隔空间的端部连通，并将所述第二传输条128与所述第三条状贴片115的远离间隔空间的端部连通，或者将所述第一传输条127与所述第一连接条123直接连通，并将所述第二传输条128与所述第二连接条124直接连通，从而实现天线双圆极化效果。
请参照图2，下面以所述第一传输条127与所述第一条状贴片113的远离间隔空间的端部连通，且所述第二传输条128与所述第四条状贴片116的远离间隔空间的端部连通为例，对所述微带天线结构100的双圆极化状况进行简要说明。假设经所述第一传输条127及所述第一条状贴片113传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M1且信号相位为P1，经所述第一传输条127及所述第二条状贴片114传输的电磁波信号的 信号幅度为M2且信号相位为P2，则两个电磁波信号通常满足M1＝M2，P1-P2＝90°。而假设经所述第二传输条128及所述第三条状贴片115传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M3且信号相位为P3，经所述第二传输条128及所述第四条状贴片116传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M4且信号相位为P4，则两个电磁波信号通常满足M3＝M4，P3-P4＝-90°。
可选地，请参照图3及图4，其中图3是本申请实施例提供的天线馈电组件120与耦合贴片112的连通示意图之二，图4是本申请实施例提供的天线馈电组件120与耦合贴片112的连通示意图之三。在本实施例中，若需要将所述微带天线结构100的天线极化方式构建为单圆极化方式(左旋圆极化方式或右旋圆极化方式)，则需要三个馈电连接条121配合所述信号传输条122来实现，此时需利用三个馈电连接条121将所述耦合贴片112包括的四个条状贴片进行连通，而后将该信号传输条122安装在未采用馈电连接条121直接连通的一对相邻条状贴片中的一个相邻条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部上，或者将该信号传输条122安装在三个馈电连接条121中任意一个馈电连接条121上，从而通过这种天线馈电组件120与四个条状贴片的连通方式实现天线单圆极化效果。
例如，通过三个馈电连接条121将所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、第三条状贴片115和所述第四条状贴片116连通，此时若所述第二条状贴片114与所述第三条状贴片115未采用馈电连接条121直接连通，可将该信号传输条122直接安装在所述第二条状贴片114上来实现左旋圆极化方式，或将该信号传输条122直接安装在所述第三条状贴片115上来实现右旋圆极化方式，或者将该信号传输条122直接安装在三个馈电连接条121中的某个馈电连接条121上来实现左旋/右旋圆极化方式。
若所述第一条状贴片113与所述第四条状贴片116未采用馈电连接条121直接连通，可将该信号传输条122直接安装在所述第四条状贴片116上来实现左旋圆极化方式，或将该信号传输条122直接安装在所述第一条状贴片113上来实现右旋圆极化方式，或者将该信号传输 条122直接安装在三个馈电连接条121中的某个馈电连接条121上来实现左旋/右旋圆极化方式。
若所述第一条状贴片113与所述第二条状贴片114未采用馈电连接条121直接连通，可将该信号传输条122直接安装在所述第一条状贴片113上来实现左旋圆极化方式，或将该信号传输条122直接安装在所述第二条状贴片114上来实现右旋圆极化方式，或者将该信号传输条122直接安装在三个馈电连接条121中的某个馈电连接条121上来实现左旋/右旋圆极化方式。
若所述第三条状贴片115与所述第四条状贴片116未采用馈电连接条121直接连通，可将该信号传输条122直接安装在所述第三条状贴片115上来实现左旋圆极化方式，或将该信号传输条122直接安装在所述第四条状贴片116上来实现右旋圆极化方式，或者将该信号传输条122直接安装在三个馈电连接条121中的某个馈电连接条121上来实现左旋/右旋圆极化方式。
在本实施例的一种实施方式中，在所述馈电连接条121的总数为三的情况下，多个所述馈电连接条121包括第一连接条123、第二连接条124及第三连接条125。所述第一连接条123的一端与所述第一条状贴片113的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第一连接条123的另一端与所述第二条状贴片114的远离间隔空间的端部连通。所述第二连接条124的一端与所述第三条状贴片115的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二连接条124的另一端与所述第四条状贴片116的远离间隔空间的端部连通。所述第三连接条125的一端与所述第二条状贴片114的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第三连接条125的另一端与所述第三条状贴片115的远离间隔空间的端部连通。此时，可将所述信号传输条122与所述第一条状贴片113远离间隔空间的端部连通来实现右旋圆极化方式，或者可将所述信号传输条122与所述第四条状贴片116远离间隔空间的端部连通来实现左旋圆极化方式，或者可将所述信号传输条122与所述第一连接条123、所述第二连接条124及所述第三连接条125中的任意一个连接条直接连通来实现左旋/右旋圆极化方式，从而 实现天线单圆极化效果。
请参照图3，下面以所述信号传输条122与所述第一条状贴片113远离间隔空间的端部连通为例，对所述微带天线结构100的右旋圆极化状况进行简要说明。假设经所述信号传输条122及所述第一条状贴片113传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M1且信号相位为P1，经所述信号传输条122及所述第二条状贴片114传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M2且信号相位为P2，经所述信号传输条122及所述第三条状贴片115传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M3且信号相位为P3，经所述信号传输条122及所述第四条状贴片116传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M4且信号相位为P4，则四个电磁波信号通常满足M1＝M2＝M3＝M4，P1＝P2+90°＝P3+180°＝P4+270°。
请参照图4，下面以所述信号传输条122与所述第四条状贴片116远离间隔空间的端部连通为例，对所述微带天线结构100的左旋圆极化状况进行简要说明。假设经所述信号传输条122及所述第一条状贴片113传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M1且信号相位为P1，经所述信号传输条122及所述第二条状贴片114传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M2且信号相位为P2，经所述信号传输条122及所述第三条状贴片115传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M3且信号相位为P3，经所述信号传输条122及所述第四条状贴片116传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M4且信号相位为P4，则四个电磁波信号通常满足M1＝M2＝M3＝M4，P1＝P2-90°＝P3-180°＝P4-270°。
可选地，请参照图5，图5是本申请实施例提供的天线馈电组件120与耦合贴片112的连通示意图之四。在本实施例中，若需要将所述微带天线结构100的天线极化方式构建为线极化方式，则也可通过三个馈电连接条121配合所述信号传输条122来实现，此时需利用三个馈电连接条121将所述耦合贴片112包括的四个条状贴片进行连通，而后将该信号传输条122安装在三个馈电连接条121中任意一个馈电连接条121上，从而通过这种天线馈电组件120与四个条状贴片的连通方式实现天线线极化效果。
例如，通过三个馈电连接条121将所述第一条状贴片113、所述第二条状贴片114、第三条状贴片115和所述第四条状贴片116连通，此时可将所述信号传输条122直接安装在三个馈电连接条121中任意一个馈电连接条121上，来构建满足天线设计人员所需极化角的线极化方式。
在本实施例的一种实施方式中，在所述馈电连接条121的总数为三的情况下，多个所述馈电连接条121包括第一连接条123、第二连接条124及第四连接条126。所述第一连接条123的一端与所述第一条状贴片113的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第一连接条123的另一端与所述第二条状贴片114的远离间隔空间的端部连通。所述第二连接条124的一端与所述第三条状贴片115的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二连接条124的另一端与所述第四条状贴片116的远离间隔空间的端部连通。所述第四连接条126的一端与所述第一条状贴片113的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第四连接条126的另一端与所述第四条状贴片116的远离间隔空间的端部连通。此时，可将所述信号传输条122与所述第一连接条123、所述第二连接条124及所述第四连接条126中的任意一个连接条直接连通，从而实现天线线极化效果。
请参照图5，下面以所述信号传输条122与所述第四连接条126直接连通为例，对所述微带天线结构100的线极化状况进行简要说明。假设经所述信号传输条122及所述第一条状贴片113传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M1且信号相位为P1，经所述信号传输条122及所述第二条状贴片114传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M2且信号相位为P2，经所述信号传输条122及所述第三条状贴片115传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M3且信号相位为P3，经所述信号传输条122及所述第四条状贴片116传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M4且信号相位为P4，经所述信号传输条122及所述第一条状贴片113的被连通端部传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M5且信号相位为P5，经所述信号传输条122及所述第四条状贴片116的被连通端部传输的电磁波信号的信号幅度为M6且信号相位为P6，则这六个电磁波信号通常满足M1＝M2＝M3＝M4， P1-P2＝90°，P4-P3＝90°，M5＝M6，此时微带天线结构100的线极化角P7＝(P5-P6)/2，可通过改变所述信号传输条122在所述第一连接条123、所述第二连接条124及所述第四连接条126上的连接位置，来调整P7的值，以构建满足天线设计人员所需极化角的线极化方式。
由此，本申请可通过上述信号传输条122及多个馈电连接条121配合所述耦合贴片112包括的四个条状贴片，按照天线设计人员需求构建出匹配的天线极化方式。其中，所述馈电连接条121的形状可以是，但不限于，圆弧形、长条形、具有弯折部的任意曲线形状。
可选地，请再次参照图1～图5，在本申请实施例中，为进一步减小所述天线馈电组件120对所述天线辐射组件110的信号辐射干扰，可在所述第二介质板140上开设有多个贯通所述第二介质板140的隔离孔160，使多个所述隔离孔160围绕所述天线馈电组件120进行分布，并与所述天线地板150连通，从而降低所述天线馈电组件120对所述天线辐射组件110的信号辐射干扰。在本实施例的一种实施方式中，可将多个所述隔离孔160开设在所述天线馈电组件120包括的每个馈电连接条121的两侧。
在本申请中，本申请还可以提供一种通信设备，所述通信设备采用至少一个上述微带天线结构100实现自身的通信功能。在本实施例的一种实施方式中，多个所述微带天线结构100可以组阵成型出一个天线阵列，用以配合其他通信硬件单元进行整合集成。
综上所述，在本申请实施例提供的一种微带天线结构及通信设备中，本申请通过将天线馈电组件与天线辐射组件中的耦合贴片相互连通地设置第二介质板的一侧板面上，并在第二介质板的另一侧板面上设置天线地板，而后将天线辐射组件中的辐射贴片设置在第一介质板的一侧板面上，接着将第一介质板的另一侧板面间隔耦合贴片及天线馈电组件地叠合在第二介质板上，使辐射贴片在第二介质板上的贴片投影区域与耦合贴片至少部分重叠，让天线馈电组件分布在辐射贴片的贴片投影区域外侧，以通过耦合贴片在辐射贴片的贴片投影区域内形成天线馈点，确保天线馈电组件能够通过耦合贴片与辐射贴片进 行信号耦合传输，从而在实现天线结构的通信功能的同时，将馈电组件及天线辐射组件在同一层物理结构上进行集成布置，减小天线结构的整体高度，缩减天线结构的占用空间，便于天线结构的使用。
以上所述，仅为本申请的各种实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应当以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种微带天线结构，其特征在于，所述微带天线结构包括天线辐射组件、天线馈电组件、第一介质板、第二介质板以及天线地板，其中所述天线辐射组件包括辐射贴片以及耦合贴片；
    所述耦合贴片与所述天线馈电组件相互连通地设置所述第二介质板的一侧板面上，所述天线地板设置在所述第二介质板的另一侧板面上；
    所述辐射贴片设置在所述第一介质板的一侧板面上，所述第一介质板的另一侧板面间隔所述耦合贴片及所述天线馈电组件地叠合在所述第二介质板上；其中，所述辐射贴片在所述第二介质板上的贴片投影区域与所述耦合贴片至少部分重叠，所述天线馈电组件位于所述贴片投影区域外侧；
    其中，所述耦合贴片包括呈环形分布的第一条状贴片、第二条状贴片、第三条状贴片及第四条状贴片，其中所述第一条状贴片的长度延伸方向与所述第二条状贴片的长度延伸方向相互垂直；
    所述第一条状贴片与所述第三条状贴片相互间隔，且所述第一条状贴片与所述第三条状贴片各自的长度延伸方向相互重合；
    所述第二条状贴片与所述第四条状贴片相互间隔，且所述第二条状贴片与所述第四条状贴片各自的长度延伸方向相互重合；
    位于所述第一条状贴片和所述第三条状贴片之间的间隔空间，与位于所述第二条状贴片和所述第四条状贴片之间的间隔空间相互交融。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的微带天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一条状贴片与所述第二条状贴片各自的贴片尺寸一致，所述第一条状贴片与所述第三条状贴片呈中心对称分布，所述第二条状贴片与所述第 四条状贴片呈中心对称分布。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的微带天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一条状贴片与所述第三条状贴片之间的对称中心，和所述第二条状贴片与所述第四条状贴片之间的对称中心相互重合；
    其中，所述第一条状贴片、所述第二条状贴片、所述第三条状贴片及所述第四条状贴片各自与对称中心之间的距离相等。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的微带天线结构，其特征在于，所述天线馈电组件包括信号传输条及多个馈电连接条，其中所述馈电连接条的总数小于四；
    所述信号传输条经多个所述馈电连接条与所述第一条状贴片、所述第二条状贴片、所述第三条状贴片及所述第四条状贴片连通，其中每个所述馈电连接条用于将所述第一条状贴片、所述第二条状贴片、所述第三条状贴片及所述第四条状贴片中的任意一对相邻条状贴片各自远离间隔空间的端部进行连通。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的微带天线结构，其特征在于，在所述馈电连接条的总数为二的情况下，多个所述馈电连接条包括第一连接条及第二连接条，所述信号传输条包括第一传输条及第二传输条；
    所述第一连接条的一端与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第一连接条的另一端与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    所述第二连接条的一端与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二连接条的另一端与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    其中，所述第一传输条与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二传输条与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    或者，所述第一传输条与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二传输条与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    或者，所述第一连接条与所述第一连接条直接连通，所述第二传输条与所述第二连接条直接连通。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的微带天线结构，其特征在于，在所述馈电连接条的总数为三的情况下，多个所述馈电连接条包括第一连接条、第二连接条及第三连接条；
    所述第一连接条的一端与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第一连接条的另一端与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    所述第二连接条的一端与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第二连接条的另一端与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    所述第三连接条的一端与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第三连接条的另一端与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    所述信号传输条与所述第一条状贴片或所述第四条状贴片远离间隔空间的端部连通，或者所述信号传输条与所述第一连接条、所述第二连接条及所述第三连接条中的一个连接条直接连通。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的微带天线结构，其特征在于，在所述馈电连接条的总数为三的情况下，多个所述馈电连接条包括第一连接条、第二连接条及第四连接条；
    所述第一连接条的一端与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第一连接条的另一端与所述第二条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    所述第二连接条的一端与所述第三条状贴片的远离间隔空间的 端部连通，所述第二连接条的另一端与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    所述第四连接条的一端与所述第一条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通，所述第四连接条的另一端与所述第四条状贴片的远离间隔空间的端部连通；
    所述信号传输条与所述第一连接条、所述第二连接条及所述第四连接条中的一个连接条直接连通。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的微带天线结构，其特征在于，所述第二介质板上开设有多个贯通所述第二介质板的隔离孔，其中多个所述隔离孔围绕所述天线馈电组件进行分布，并与所述天线地板连通。
  9. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，所述通信设备包括至少一个权利要求1-8中任意一想所述的微带天线结构。
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