WO2022247432A1 - 时间同步方法、电子设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

时间同步方法、电子设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022247432A1
WO2022247432A1 PCT/CN2022/083182 CN2022083182W WO2022247432A1 WO 2022247432 A1 WO2022247432 A1 WO 2022247432A1 CN 2022083182 W CN2022083182 W CN 2022083182W WO 2022247432 A1 WO2022247432 A1 WO 2022247432A1
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Prior art keywords
target
interface
information
virtual private
pdu session
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PCT/CN2022/083182
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English (en)
French (fr)
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冯江平
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深圳艾灵网络有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳艾灵网络有限公司 filed Critical 深圳艾灵网络有限公司
Priority to US18/265,826 priority Critical patent/US11877251B2/en
Priority to EP22810166.3A priority patent/EP4236495A4/en
Priority to JP2022539764A priority patent/JP7383827B2/ja
Publication of WO2022247432A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022247432A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H04W56/0015—Synchronization between nodes one node acting as a reference for the others
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
    • H04W60/04—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration using triggered events
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/11—Allocation or use of connection identifiers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a time synchronization method, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
  • the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5th generation mobile networks, 5G technology) is the latest generation of cellular mobile communication technology, and it is also an extension of 4G (LTE-A, WiMax), 3G (UMTS, LTE) and 2G (GSM) systems.
  • the performance goals of 5G are high data rates, reduced latency, energy savings, cost reductions, increased system capacity, and large-scale device connectivity.
  • the existing implementation method is relatively complicated, which is not conducive to the rapid deployment of the time-sensitive network TSN.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a time synchronization method, electronic equipment and storage medium for the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, which have the characteristics of simple implementation and are convenient for the rapid deployment of the time-sensitive network TSN.
  • the present application provides a time synchronization method, including:
  • the terminal sends a target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request to the session management function SMF according to the routing policy, and the target PDU session establishment request includes: the target virtual private link identifier; the target virtual private link identifier is used to indicate the SMF Requesting the policy control function PCF to obtain the corresponding target virtual private link information, and determining the target user plane function UPF and generating the target forwarding rule according to the target virtual private link information; the target virtual private link information includes: the first Interface information, second interface information, target PDU session information;
  • the terminal establishes a target PDU session with the target user plane function UPF to transmit a time synchronization message through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and the target virtual dedicated link information, and the target PDU session is the target UPF according to the target forwarding rule
  • the target forwarding rule is sent by the SMF to the target UPF according to the target virtual dedicated link information.
  • the present application provides a time synchronization method, including:
  • the policy control function PCF receives the target virtual private link acquisition request sent by the session management function SMF according to the target PDU session establishment request, and the target virtual private link acquisition request includes: the target virtual private link identifier;
  • the PCF obtains target virtual private link information corresponding to the terminal according to the target virtual private link identifier, and the target virtual private link information includes: first interface information, second interface information, and target PDU session information;
  • the PCF sends the target virtual private link information to the SMF.
  • the present application provides a time synchronization method, including:
  • the user plane function UPF receives the target forwarding rule sent by the SMF according to the target virtual dedicated link information, and the target virtual dedicated link information includes: first interface information, second interface information, and target PDU session information;
  • the UPF establishes a target PDU session with the terminal according to the target forwarding rule, so as to transmit a time synchronization message through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and target virtual dedicated link information.
  • the present application provides a time synchronization device, including:
  • the sending module the terminal sends a target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request to the session management function SMF according to the routing policy, and the target PDU session establishment request includes: the target virtual dedicated link identifier; the target virtual dedicated link identifier is used to indicate
  • the SMF requests the policy control function PCF to obtain corresponding target virtual private link information, and determines the target user plane function UPF and generates a target forwarding rule according to the target virtual private link information;
  • the target virtual private link information includes : first interface information, second interface information, target PDU session information;
  • the terminal establishes a target PDU session with the target user plane function UPF, so as to transmit a time synchronization message through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and the target virtual dedicated link information, and the target PDU session is the target UPF according to A PDU session established by a target forwarding rule, where the target forwarding rule is sent by the SMF to the target UPF according to the target virtual private link information.
  • the present application provides a time synchronization device, including:
  • the receiving module is used for the policy control function PCF to receive the target virtual private link acquisition request sent by the session management function SMF according to the target PDU session establishment request, and the target virtual private link acquisition request includes: the target virtual private link identification;
  • the obtaining module is used for the PCF to obtain the target virtual private link information corresponding to the terminal according to the target virtual private link identifier, and the target virtual private link information includes: first interface information, second interface information, target PDU session information;
  • a sending module configured for the PCF to send the target virtual dedicated link information to the SMF.
  • the present application provides a time synchronization device, including:
  • the receiving module is used for the user plane function UPF to receive the target forwarding rule sent by the SMF according to the target virtual dedicated link information, and the target virtual dedicated link information includes: first interface information, second interface information, and target PDU session information;
  • the establishment module is used for the UPF to establish a target PDU session with the terminal according to the target forwarding rule, so as to transmit a time synchronization message through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and target virtual dedicated link information.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a storage medium, and a bus, the storage medium stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, and when the electronic device is running, the processor Communicating with the storage medium through a bus, the processor executes the machine-readable instructions to execute the steps of the time synchronization method in any one of the foregoing implementation manners.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is run by a processor, the time synchronization method described in any one of the preceding implementation modes is executed. step.
  • the terminal sends a target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request to the session management function SMF according to the routing policy, and the target PDU session establishment request includes: routing policy, routing selection
  • the policy includes: target virtual private link identifier; the target virtual private link identifier is used to instruct the SMF to request the corresponding target virtual private link information from the policy control function PCF, and determine the target user plane function UPF according to the target virtual private link information And generate a target forwarding rule;
  • the terminal establishes a target PDU session with the target user plane function UPF, which is applied to the embodiment of the present application, and the time synchronization message can be transmitted through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and the target virtual dedicated link information, so as to realize the first interface
  • the time synchronization between the connected first clock node to be synchronized and the second clock node to be connected to the second interface does not require the communication system to support the time synchronization protocol, which has the characteristics of simple
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to the time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a time synchronization method provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process of a time synchronization method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of a virtual dedicated link provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of a virtual dedicated link provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a time synchronization method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process of another time synchronization method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process of another time synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a time synchronization device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of another time synchronization device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Time Sensitive Networking is a set of data link layer protocol specifications. Based on TSN, IEEE 802.1AS or IEEE1588 protocols can be used to achieve time synchronization between clock nodes. Among them, clock nodes can be switches, routers, and gateways.
  • the device to be synchronized such as the device to be synchronized that needs to perform time synchronization, is not limited in this application.
  • the port that publishes the synchronization time on the clock node is called the master port (Master Port), and the port that receives the synchronization time is called the slave port (Slave Port).
  • IEEE 802.1AS and IEEE1588 protocols use a layer-2 group
  • the basic principle is that the master port periodically sends the synchronization message Sync and the following message Follow_Up to the slave port, and the time information is carried in the message; after the slave port receives the time information, it needs to The link delay is corrected for the time, and the slave port sends a delay request message to the master port for delay measurement, so as to realize the time synchronization between the two clock nodes.
  • the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) communication system it is necessary to enhance the user plane function (User Plane Function, UPF) and terminal equipment (user equipment, UE) of the 5G core network, and support IEEE 802.1AS or IEEE1588 protocol , where, for UPF, the network-side converter NW-TT function needs to be added to the UPF, and for the UE, the device-side converter DS-TT function needs to be added to the UE, or the UE is externally connected to the DS-TT.
  • the functions of NW-TT and DS-TT are synchronized to the internal clock of the 5G system. It can be seen that the existing time synchronization method has high complexity in implementation, which is not conducive to the rapid deployment and application of time-sensitive networks.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a time synchronization method, which has the characteristics of simple implementation and is conducive to the rapid deployment and application of time-sensitive networks.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • CDMA code division Multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • general packet radio service general packet radio service, GPRS
  • long term evolution long term evolution, LTE
  • LTE frequency division duplex FDD
  • LTE time division duplex TDD
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunications system
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to a time synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network architecture may be, for example, a non-roaming (non-roaming) architecture.
  • the network architecture may specifically include the following network elements:
  • Terminal equipment can also be called user equipment, terminal, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, wireless communication equipment , User Agent, or User Device.
  • the UE may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks or terminals in the future evolution of public land mobile network (PLMN) Devices, etc.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • Access network Provides network access functions for authorized users in a specific area, and can use transmission tunnels of different qualities according to user levels and business requirements.
  • the access network may be an access network using different access technologies.
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • non-3GPP non-3G partnership Partnership project
  • 3GPP access technology refers to the access technology that conforms to the 3GPP standard specifications.
  • the access network using the 3GPP access technology is called a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN).
  • RAN radio access network
  • gNB Next generation Node Base station
  • a non-3GPP access technology refers to an access technology that does not comply with 3GPP standard specifications, for example, an air interface technology represented by an access point (access point, AP) in wifi.
  • An access network that implements a network access function based on a wireless communication technology may be referred to as a radio access network (radio access network, RAN).
  • the wireless access network can manage wireless resources, provide access services for terminals, and complete the forwarding of control signals and user data between terminals and the core network.
  • the access network device may include a device in the access network that communicates with the wireless terminal through one or more sectors on the air interface.
  • the access network system may be used to convert received air frames to and from Internet Protocol (IP) packets and act as a router between the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network, which may include IP network.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the radio access network system may also coordinate attribute management for the air interface.
  • the access network equipment includes but not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved NodeB, eNB), radio network controller (Radio Network Controller, RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (Base Station Controller, BSC), Base Transceiver Station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS), Home Base Station (for example, Home evolved NodeB, or Home NodeB, HNB), Base Band Unit (Base Band Unit, BBU), Wireless Fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WIFI ) system in the access point (Access Point, AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., can also be 5G, such as, NR, A gNB in the system, or a transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels of a base station in a 5G system, or it can also be a network node that constitutes a g
  • a gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a DU.
  • the gNB may also include a radio unit (radio unit, RU).
  • CU implements some functions of gNB
  • DU implements some functions of gNB, for example, CU implements radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC), packet data convergence layer protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer functions
  • DU implements wireless link Functions of the radio link control (radio link control, RLC), media access control (media access control, MAC) and physical (physical, PHY) layers.
  • the access network device may be a CU node, or a DU node, or a device including a CU node and a DU node.
  • the CU can be divided into access network devices in the access network (radio access network, RAN), and the CU can also be divided into access network devices in the core network (core network, CN), which is not limited here.
  • Access and mobility management function entity: mainly used for mobility management and access management, etc., and can be used to implement mobility management entity (mobility management entity, MME) function except session Functions other than management, for example, functions such as lawful interception, or access authorization (or authentication). In the embodiment of the present application, it can be used to implement functions of access and mobility management network elements.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • MME mobility management entity
  • session Functions other than management for example, functions such as lawful interception, or access authorization (or authentication).
  • it can be used to implement functions of access and mobility management network elements.
  • Session management function session management function, SMF
  • Session management function entity: mainly used for session management, UE's Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol, IP) address allocation and management, selection of manageable user plane functions, policy control, or charging function interfaces Endpoint and downlink data notification, etc.
  • SMF session management function
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • User Plane Function (UPF) entity that is, the data plane gateway. It can be used for packet routing and forwarding, or quality of service (QoS) processing of user plane data, etc.
  • User data can be accessed to a data network (data network, DN) through this network element. In the embodiment of this application, it can be used to realize the function of the user plane gateway.
  • data network data network
  • Network exposure function network exposure function, NEF
  • NEF network exposure function
  • Network function (NF) repository function (NRF) entity used to store the description information of the network function entity and the services it provides, and support service discovery, network element entity discovery, etc.
  • Policy control function Policy control function
  • PCF Policy control function
  • Unified data management (UDM) entity used to process user identification, access authentication, registration, or mobility management.
  • Application function Application function, AF entity: It is used for data routing influenced by the application, accessing the network element of the open function of the network, or interacting with the policy framework for policy control, etc.
  • the N1 interface is the reference point between the terminal and the AMF entity;
  • the N2 interface is the reference point between the AN and the AMF entity, and is used for sending non-access stratum (non-access stratum, NAS) messages, etc.;
  • N3 The interface is the reference point between the AN and UPF entities, used to transmit user plane data, etc.;
  • the N4 interface is the reference point between the SMF entity and the UPF entity, used to transmit tunnel identification information such as N3 connection, data cache indication information , and information such as downlink data notification messages.
  • the above-mentioned network architecture applied to the embodiment of the present application is only an example of a network architecture described from the perspective of a traditional point-to-point architecture and a service-oriented architecture, and the network architecture applicable to the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. Any network architecture capable of implementing the functions of the foregoing network elements is applicable to this embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the foregoing network elements may communicate through preset interfaces, which will not be repeated here.
  • AMF entity, SMF entity, UPF entity, NEF entity, PCF entity, and UDM entity shown in Figure 1 can be understood as network elements used to implement different functions in the core network, for example, they can be combined into network slices as needed .
  • These network elements of the core network may be independent devices, or may be integrated into the same device to implement different functions, which is not limited in this application.
  • AMF entity used to implement AMF
  • PCF entity used to implement PCF
  • Other notations are similar and will not be repeated here.
  • AMF entity used to implement PCF
  • PCF entity used to implement PCF
  • PCF entity used to implement PCF
  • the name of the interface between network elements in FIG. 1 is just an example, and the name of the interface in a specific implementation may be another name, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the name of the message (or signaling) transmitted between the above network elements is only an example, and does not constitute any limitation on the function of the message itself.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a time synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application
  • the execution subject of the method may be a terminal, that is, the terminal equipment (user equipment, UE) in Fig. 1 above, as shown in Fig. 2
  • the time synchronization method can include:
  • the terminal sends a target PDU session establishment request to the session management function SMF according to the routing policy, and the target PDU session establishment request includes: the target virtual private link identifier.
  • the target virtual private link identifier is used to instruct the SMF to request the corresponding target virtual private link information from the policy control function PCF, and determine the target UPF and generate the target forwarding rule according to the target virtual private link information;
  • the target virtual private link The information includes: first interface information, second interface information, and target PDU session information.
  • the policy control function PCF may send a virtual private link subscription request to the unified data management UDM, and receive a subscription event notification replied by the UDM according to the virtual private link subscription request.
  • the subscription event notification may include: virtual private link information
  • the virtual private link information may include: interface information and session information.
  • each virtual private link may include two interfaces, and the information of each interface includes the identification of the device to which the interface belongs, the number of the interface, the type of the interface, and the like.
  • the interface category includes UE-side interface and network-side interface; if it is a UE-side interface, the identifier of the device to which the interface belongs is the UE identifier; if it is a network-side interface, the identifier of the device to which the interface belongs is the UPF identifier; a virtual private link can be used by a UE It consists of a network-side interface and a network-side interface, and can also be composed of two UE-side interfaces.
  • Session information can include PDU session type, time synchronization message identification information, session quality requirements, etc., wherein the time synchronization message identification information is used to identify time synchronization messages, such as time synchronization messages following the IEEE 802.1AS and IEEE1588 protocols using the Ethernet type as If the data frame of 0x88F7 is transmitted, the time synchronization message can be identified by judging whether the Ethernet frame type is 0x88F7; the session quality requirements can include: session quality requirement parameters such as maximum delay, maximum jitter, bandwidth value to be guaranteed, UE, RAN , UPF creates a QoS flow in the PDU session according to these parameters to ensure the quality of the session.
  • session quality requirements such as maximum delay, maximum jitter, bandwidth value to be guaranteed
  • the virtual private link information may also include: a virtual private link identifier, used to identify the virtual private link, and the virtual private link identifier may be a preset character string, but not limited thereto.
  • the PCF can also receive the control policy request sent by the access and mobility management function AMF according to the registration request of the terminal.
  • the control policy request can include: the identifier of the terminal; according to the control policy request, a routing policy corresponding to the terminal can be generated;
  • the AMF sends the routing policy to be forwarded to the terminal by the AMF.
  • the terminal after the terminal receives the data frame from the interface on the terminal side, it can compare the relevant information in the routing strategy (for example, traffic descriptor parameters, the traffic descriptor parameters can include at least one interface information, time synchronization message identification information etc.) to determine whether to use the established PDU session or to create a new PDU session. If a new PDU session needs to be created, the terminal can initiate a PDU session establishment request to the network side.
  • the relevant information in the routing strategy for example, traffic descriptor parameters, the traffic descriptor parameters can include at least one interface information, time synchronization message identification information etc.
  • the terminal when it is necessary to establish a target Protocol Data Unit (Protocol Data Unit, PDU) session, based on the network architecture of Figure 1, the terminal can send a target Protocol Data Unit PDU session establishment request to the session management function SMF according to the routing strategy, wherein, during the specific sending process, the terminal can send a target PDU session establishment request to the access network AN, and the access network AN can send the target PDU session establishment request to the AMF, and the AMF can forward the target PDU session establishment request to the SMF, and the target PDU session establishment request may include the ID of the target virtual private link.
  • PDU Protocol Data Unit
  • the SMF can send the target virtual private link acquisition request to the policy control function PCF according to the target PDU session establishment request;
  • the road identifier can obtain the target virtual private link information corresponding to the terminal, and send the target virtual private link information to the SMF.
  • the SMF can determine the target user plane function UPF and generate a target forwarding rule.
  • the target virtual dedicated link information may include: first interface information, second interface information, and target PDU session information.
  • the target PDU session information can be a PDU session including a time synchronization message, which can be identified by preset time synchronization message identification information, such as a time synchronization message following the IEEE 802.1AS and IEEE1588 protocols using data whose Ethernet type is 0x88F7 When the frame is transmitted, the time synchronization message can be identified by judging whether the Ethernet type is 0x88F7, but not limited thereto.
  • the target PDU session information may also include other information, such as, but not limited to: PDU session ID, session type (IPv4, IPv6, IPv4v6, Ethernet, Unstructured), uplink and downlink rates, billing ID, roaming status information, UE's IP information, PCF information, Qos information, tunnel information, destination address, SMF identifier, AMF information, session management information, UPF ID, online charging identifier, offline charging identifier, etc.
  • the above-mentioned first interface information may be the interface information of the terminal-side interface, and the second interface information may be the interface information of the network-side interface; or, the first interface information may be the interface information of the network-side interface, and the second interface information may be The information may be interface information of the terminal-side interface; or, both the first interface information and the second interface information are interface information of the terminal-side interface, which is not limited here and may be different according to actual application scenarios.
  • the terminal establishes a target PDU session with the target user plane function UPF, so as to transmit a time synchronization message through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and the target virtual dedicated link information.
  • the target PDU session is a PDU session established by the target UPF according to the target forwarding rule, and the target forwarding rule is sent to the target UPF by the SMF according to the target virtual dedicated link information.
  • the SMF after the SMF generates the target forwarding rule according to the target virtual private link information, it can send the target forwarding rule to the target UPF.
  • the target UPF After receiving the target UPF, the target UPF can establish a target PDU with the terminal according to the target forwarding rule. Session, correspondingly, that is, the terminal can establish a target PDU session with the target UPF. So far, the target PDU session has been established, and the terminal can transmit a time synchronization message through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and the target virtual dedicated link information, that is, The terminal can carry the time synchronization message in the target PDU session, and transmit it according to the interface indicated by the target virtual dedicated link information.
  • the terminal may send the information received from the target PDU session to
  • the time synchronization message is transmitted from the first interface indicated by the first interface information on the terminal side to the second interface indicated by the second interface information on the network side; of course, the target UPF can also transmit the time synchronization message received from the target PDU session from the network side
  • the second interface indicated by the second interface information is transmitted to the first interface indicated by the first interface information on the terminal side, which is not limited here.
  • the transmission method may be different, and the implementation of this application shall be applied. For example, time synchronization between the first clock node to be synchronized connected to the first interface and the second clock node to be synchronized connected to the second interface can be realized, which has the feature of simple implementation.
  • the time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: the terminal sends a target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request to the session management function SMF according to the routing policy, and the target PDU session establishment request includes: the target virtual private link identifier; the target The virtual private link identifier is used to instruct the SMF to request the policy control function PCF to obtain the corresponding target virtual private link information, and determine the target user plane function UPF and generate the target forwarding rule according to the target virtual private link information; the terminal and the target user plane
  • the function UPF establishes a target PDU session, which is applied to the embodiment of this application, and the time synchronization message can be transmitted through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and the target virtual dedicated link information, so as to realize the connection between the first clock node to be synchronized and the second clock node connected to the first interface.
  • the time synchronization between the second standby clock nodes connected to the interface does not require the communication system to support the time synchronization protocol, and has the characteristics of simple implementation
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an interaction of a time synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal sends a registration request to the access and mobility management function AMF, where the registration request includes: an identifier of the terminal.
  • the registration request is used to request the AMF to send a control policy request to the policy control function PCF.
  • the identifier of the terminal may be a Generic Public Subscription Identifier (GPSI), a Permanent Equipment Identifier (Permanent Equipment Identifier, PEI), a Subscription Permanent Identifier (SUPI), a Subscription Hidden Identifier (Subscription Concealed Identifier, SUSI), etc., are not limited here.
  • the terminal may send a registration request to the access network AN, and the access network AN may further forward the registration request to the AMF, and the AMF may send a control policy request to the policy control function PCF after receiving the registration request.
  • the policy control function PCF can store multiple pieces of virtual dedicated link information, the PCF can determine whether to create a virtual dedicated link associated with the UE according to the control policy request.
  • the PCF If the virtual dedicated link associated with the UE is found according to the identifier of the terminal, it means that it needs to be created; otherwise, it means that it does not need to be created.
  • the PCF can determine the target virtual private link identifier corresponding to the terminal according to the identifier of the terminal, and can generate a response message according to the target virtual private link identifier, and the response message can include the routing strategy corresponding to the terminal, the The routing policy may include: target virtual private link identifier, the target virtual private link identifier is used to indicate the target virtual private link corresponding to the terminal, the target virtual private link is used to transmit the time synchronization message, and the PCF may further send the response message Send to AMF.
  • the terminal receives a response message sent by the AMF according to the registration request, where the response message includes a routing policy corresponding to the terminal.
  • the routing strategy includes: target virtual private link identifier, the target virtual private link identifier is used to indicate the target virtual private link corresponding to the terminal, and the target virtual private link is used to transmit time synchronization messages, wherein, the target virtual private link corresponding to the terminal
  • the virtual private link is determined by the PCF according to the identifier of the terminal.
  • the AMF After the AMF receives the response message sent by the PCF according to the registration request, it can further forward the response message to the terminal through other network elements (for example, the access network AN), and then the terminal can know its corresponding target virtual private link according to the routing policy
  • the interface indicated by the identifier and the target virtual private link information, and then the time synchronization message can be transmitted according to the target PDU session and the interface indicated by the target virtual private link information.
  • Fig. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of a virtual private link provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of a virtual private link provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the interfaces indicated by the first interface information and the second interface information may be different, and may be divided into the following cases:
  • the first interface information may indicate the information of the interface A1 on the terminal side.
  • the second interface information may indicate the information of the network-side interface B1; or, the first interface information may indicate the information of the network-side interface B1, the second interface information may indicate the information of the terminal-side interface A1, and the virtual private link 1 may refer to the terminal-side The link between the interface A1 and the network-side interface B1; as shown in Figure 5(b), if it is necessary to realize the time synchronization between the clock node 1 of the terminal side UE1 and the clock node 4 of the terminal side UE2, the first interface The information may indicate the information of the terminal-side interface A1, and the second interface information may indicate the information of the terminal-side interface A4; or, the first interface information may indicate the information of the terminal-side interface A4, and the second interface information may indicate the information of the terminal-side interface A1.
  • Information, the virtual private link 1 may refer to the link between the terminal-side interface A1 and the network-side interface A4.
  • the time synchronization message can be transmitted through the target PDU session and the interface indicated by the target virtual private link information, so as to realize Time synchronization between the terminal-side clock node and the network-side clock node (the interface indicated by the first interface information is the terminal-side interface or the network-side interface, and the interface indicated by the second interface information is the network-side interface or the terminal-side interface), Or the time synchronization between multiple terminal-side clock nodes (the interfaces indicated by the first interface information and the second interface information are all terminal-side interfaces), which is easy to implement and facilitates rapid deployment and application of time-sensitive networks.
  • the above routing strategy further includes: at least one interface information, time synchronization message identification information; wherein, at least one interface information may indicate the forwarding interface of the time synchronization message, and the interface information may include: an interface identifier, for example, an interface number , but not limited thereto; the time synchronization message identification information may be used to identify the quantity traffic of the time synchronization message, for example, it may be the data traffic whose Ethernet frame type is 0x88F7, but not limited thereto. That is, the routing policy can be understood as including information that maps at least one piece of interface information and time synchronization message identification information to a PDU session.
  • the above-mentioned terminal sends a target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request to the SMF according to the routing strategy, including:
  • the terminal After the terminal receives data through the terminal-side interface, based on the interface information and time synchronization message identification information, it sends a target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request to the SMF according to the routing policy.
  • the clock node that needs to perform time synchronization on the terminal side can communicate with the terminal through the terminal-side interface, and the clock node that needs to perform time synchronization can send data frames (for example, Ethernet frames) to the terminal through the terminal-side interface.
  • data frames for example, Ethernet frames
  • the terminal can compare the routing strategy (at least Interface information, time synchronization message identification information, etc.) for matching, through matching, it can be determined whether a new PDU session needs to be established, wherein, if it is determined that a new PDU session needs to be established, the terminal can based on the at least one interface information and time synchronization message identification information, according to the route
  • the selection policy sends a target Protocol Data Unit PDU Session Establishment Request to the SMF to request the creation of a separate PDU session for each specified interface.
  • the target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request will include: target virtual dedicated link identifier, but not limited thereto.
  • the above target PDU session information may include: session quality parameters, which may include but not limited to: maximum delay, maximum jitter, guaranteed bandwidth, etc., so that during the process of creating the target PDU session, the PCF can also According to the session quality parameters of the target virtual private link, the quality of service (Quality of Service, QoS) rule is generated and sent to the SMF, and the SMF sends it to the UE, AN, and UPF to ensure the delay and delay of the target virtual private link between the UE and the UPF. Jitter to ensure the accuracy of time synchronization.
  • session quality parameters which may include but not limited to: maximum delay, maximum jitter, guaranteed bandwidth, etc.
  • the target forwarding rule is: the UPF forwards the time synchronization message received from the PDU session based on the first interface from the second interface; the time synchronization message received based on the second interface is forwarded to the first interface through the PDU session; or, UPF The time synchronization message received from the PDU session based on the first interface is forwarded from the PDU session corresponding to the second interface to the second interface; the time synchronization message received based on the second interface is forwarded to the first interface through the PDU session corresponding to the first interface.
  • the target forwarding rule can be: The time synchronization message needs to be forwarded from the network side interface B1; the time synchronization message based on the network side interface B1 needs to be forwarded to the terminal side interface A1 through the PDU session; as shown in Figure 5(b), if it is necessary to implement the terminal side UE1
  • the target forwarding rule can be: UPF based on the time synchronization message received by the terminal-side interface A1 from the PDU1 session needs to be forwarded from the PDU2 session corresponding to the terminal-side interface A4 to the terminal Side interface A4: The time synchronization message received from the PDU2 session based on the terminal-side interface A4 needs to be forwarded to the terminal-side interface A1 through the PDU1 session
  • the setting method of the target rule is not limited to this. Applying the embodiment of this application, through the target forwarding rule, two PDU sessions are bound for a virtual dedicated link containing two terminal-side interfaces (UE interfaces); for a virtual link containing one UE-side interface and one network-side interface Dedicated link, the designated interface of UPF is bound with the designated PDU session to build a virtual private link.
  • UE interfaces terminal-side interfaces
  • Dedicated link the designated interface of UPF is bound with the designated PDU session to build a virtual private link.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of a time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the application of the embodiment of the present application can use the communication system to create a virtual dedicated link to connect the master ports and slaves of different clock nodes Port (the master port of clock node A is connected to the slave port of clock node B, the master port of clock node A is connected to the slave port of clock node C), for the clock node, it does not perceive the existence of the communication system; for the communication system Said that it is not aware of the time synchronization protocol and has the characteristics of simple implementation, which is convenient for the rapid deployment and application of time-sensitive networks.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of another time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 8 is a schematic flow diagram of the interaction flow of another time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the execution subject of this method may be the PCF, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the time synchronization method may include:
  • the PCF receives the target virtual private link acquisition request sent by the session management function SMF according to the target PDU session establishment request.
  • the target virtual private link acquisition request includes: the target virtual private link identifier.
  • the PCF acquires target virtual private link information corresponding to the terminal according to the target virtual private link identifier, where the target virtual private link information includes: first interface information, second interface information, and target PDU session information.
  • the PCF sends the target virtual private link information to the SMF.
  • the PCF may receive the target virtual private link acquisition request sent by the session management function SMF according to the target PDU session establishment request, and according to the target virtual private link acquisition request including the target virtual private link identifier,
  • the target virtual private link information corresponding to the terminal can be obtained, and the target virtual private link information can be sent to the SMF, and the SMF can determine the target user plane function UPF and generate a target forwarding rule according to the target virtual private link information.
  • the corresponding target user plane function UPF may be determined according to the information of the target virtual private link; for descriptions of other parts, please refer to the relevant parts above, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the PCF before the PCF receives the target virtual private link acquisition request sent by the session management function SMF according to the target PDU session establishment request, it further includes:
  • the PCF receives a control strategy request sent by the access and mobility management function AMF according to the registration request of the terminal, where the control strategy request includes: an identifier of the terminal.
  • the PCF generates a routing policy corresponding to the terminal according to the control policy request.
  • the PCF sends the routing policy to the AMF, so that the AMF forwards it to the terminal.
  • the AMF can further send a control strategy request to the PCF according to the registration request; after receiving the control strategy request, the PCF can generate a terminal according to the control strategy request
  • the corresponding routing policy is sent to the AMF to be forwarded to the terminal by the AMF.
  • the PCF can obtain the target virtual private link information corresponding to the terminal and send it to the SMF according to the target virtual private link acquisition request sent by the SMF, and the SMF can determine the target user plane according to the target virtual private link information.
  • Function UPF and generate the target forwarding rule send the target forwarding rule to the target UPF, and then the target UPF can establish a target PDU session with the terminal according to the target forwarding rule, so as to pass the interface transmission time indicated by the target PDU session and target virtual dedicated link information
  • the synchronization message realizes the time synchronization between the first clock node to be synchronized connected to the first interface and the second clock node to be connected to the second interface. It has the characteristics of simple implementation and is conducive to the rapid deployment and application of time-sensitive networks.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of an interaction process of another time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the PCF before the PCF receives the target virtual private link acquisition request sent by the session management function SMF according to the target PDU session establishment request, it also includes:
  • the PCF sends a virtual private link subscription request to the UDM.
  • the PCF receives the subscription event notification replied by the UDM according to the virtual private link subscription request.
  • the subscription event notification includes: virtual private link information, and the virtual private link information includes: interface information and session information.
  • the virtual private link information can be obtained by the application function AF requesting the network opening function NEF to create and send to the UDM, that is, the virtual private link information is created by the AF requesting the NEF and forwarded to the UDM, which can be
  • the AF may send a virtual private link management request message to the NEF, and the request message may request to create a virtual private link request, update a virtual private link request, or delete a virtual private link request.
  • the virtual private link information may be carried in the request to create and update the virtual private link; the virtual private link identifier may only be carried in the request to delete the virtual private link, but not limited thereto.
  • the PCF can send a virtual private link subscription request to the UDM.
  • the UDM receives the virtual private link subscription request
  • if the UDM receives the virtual private link management (creation, deletion, update) request message Among them, for creating and updating virtual private link requests, UDM can store virtual private link information, or save the information in the unified data warehouse UDR (Unified Data Repository); for deleting virtual private link requests, UDM deletes relevant information, Or request the UDR to delete relevant information, which is not limited here.
  • UDM creates, updates or deletes, it can send a virtual private link management response to the NEF, and send a subscription event notification to the PCF.
  • the NEF For the NEF, it can further send the virtual private link management response to the AF.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of this method may be the UPF in the aforementioned network architecture, specifically, it may be the target UPF selected by the above-mentioned SMF according to the PDU session establishment request of the terminal.
  • the time synchronization method may include:
  • the UPF receives the target forwarding rule sent by the SMF according to the target virtual private link information.
  • the target virtual private link information includes: first interface information, second interface information, and target PDU session information.
  • the UPF establishes a target PDU session with the terminal according to the target forwarding rule, so as to transmit a time synchronization message through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and the target virtual dedicated link information.
  • the SMF can determine the target UPF and generate the target forwarding rule according to the target virtual private link information, and the generated target forwarding rule can be sent to the UPF, and the UPF can establish a target PDU session with the terminal according to the target forwarding rule , so that time synchronization messages can be transmitted through the interface indicated by the established target PDU session and target virtual private link information, so that clock nodes can perform time synchronization and communication through virtual private link channels with deterministic delay and jitter
  • the system does not need to support any specific time synchronization protocol, which simplifies implementation, and does not require time synchronization between UE and UPF, which is conducive to the rapid deployment of time-sensitive networks.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic flowchart of another time synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method may be the UDM in the aforementioned network architecture.
  • the time synchronization method may include:
  • the UDM receives a virtual private link subscription request sent by the PCF.
  • the UDM receives the virtual private link management request sent by the AF forwarded by the NEF.
  • the UDM sends a virtual private link management response to the NEF according to the virtual private link management request, and replies to the PCF with a subscription event notification according to the virtual private link subscription request.
  • the subscription event notification includes: virtual private link information, virtual private link
  • the information includes: interface information, session information.
  • the terminal sends a target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request to the session management function SMF according to the routing policy, and the target PDU session establishment request includes: target virtual private link identifier; target virtual private link The identifier is used to instruct the SMF to request the policy control function PCF to obtain the corresponding target virtual private link information, and determine the target user plane function UPF and generate target forwarding rules according to the target virtual private link information; the terminal and the target user plane function UPF establish a target
  • the PDU session is applied to the embodiment of this application, and the time synchronization message can be transmitted through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and the target virtual dedicated link information, so as to realize the first clock node to be synchronized connected to the first interface and the second clock node connected to the second interface.
  • the time synchronization between the two waiting clock nodes does not require the communication system to support the time synchronization protocol. It has the characteristics of simple implementation and is conducive to the rapid deployment and application of time-sensitive networks
  • FIG 14 is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of a time synchronization device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the basic principle and technical effect of the device are the same as those of the corresponding method embodiment described above.
  • the parts not mentioned in this embodiment are Reference may be made to the corresponding content in the method embodiments.
  • the time synchronization device may include:
  • Sending module 110 the terminal sends a target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request to the session management function SMF according to the routing policy, and the target PDU session establishment request includes: a target virtual private link identifier; the target virtual private link identifier is used for Instructing the SMF to request the policy control function PCF to obtain corresponding target virtual private link information, and determine the target user plane function UPF and generate target forwarding rules according to the target virtual private link information; the target virtual private link information Including: first interface information, second interface information, target PDU session information;
  • the terminal establishes a target PDU session with the target user plane function UPF, so as to transmit a time synchronization message through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and the target virtual dedicated link information, and the target PDU session is the target UPF
  • the target forwarding rule is sent by the SMF to the target UPF according to the target virtual private link information.
  • the time synchronization device further includes: a registration module, configured for the terminal to send a registration request to the access and mobility management function AMF, where the registration request includes: an identifier of the terminal, and the registration request uses To request the AMF to send a control policy request to the policy control function PCF;
  • a registration module configured for the terminal to send a registration request to the access and mobility management function AMF, where the registration request includes: an identifier of the terminal, and the registration request uses To request the AMF to send a control policy request to the policy control function PCF;
  • the terminal receives the response message sent by the AMF according to the registration request, the response message includes the routing strategy corresponding to the terminal, and the routing strategy includes: target virtual private link identifier, the target virtual private link
  • the link identifier is used to indicate the target virtual private link corresponding to the terminal, and the target virtual private link is used to transmit a time synchronization message, where the target virtual private link corresponding to the terminal is determined by the PCF according to the The identity of the terminal is determined.
  • the routing policy further includes: at least one interface information, time synchronization message identification information; the sending module is specifically configured to, after the terminal receives data through the terminal-side interface, Information and the identification information of the time synchronization message, and send a target protocol data unit PDU session establishment request to the SMF according to the routing policy.
  • the target forwarding rule is: UPF forwards the time synchronization message received from the PDU session based on the first interface from the second interface; based on the time synchronization message received by the second interface, through the PDU The session is forwarded to the first interface; or, the UPF forwards the time synchronization message received from the PDU session based on the first interface from the PDU session corresponding to the second interface to the second interface; based on the time synchronization message received by the second interface The time synchronization message is forwarded to the first interface through the PDU session corresponding to the first interface.
  • the present application also provides a time synchronization device.
  • the basic principles and technical effects of the device are the same as those of the corresponding method embodiments described above.
  • the parts not mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the method embodiments corresponding content in .
  • the time synchronization means may include:
  • the receiving module is used for the policy control function PCF to receive the target virtual private link acquisition request sent by the session management function SMF according to the target PDU session establishment request, and the target virtual private link acquisition request includes: the target virtual private link identification;
  • the obtaining module is used for the PCF to obtain the target virtual private link information corresponding to the terminal according to the target virtual private link identifier, and the target virtual private link information includes: first interface information, second interface information, target PDU session information;
  • a sending module configured for the PCF to send the target virtual dedicated link information to the SMF.
  • the time synchronization device further includes: a generating module, configured for the PCF to receive a control policy request sent by the access and mobility management function AMF according to the registration request of the terminal, where the control policy request includes: identification of the terminal;
  • the PCF generates a routing policy corresponding to the terminal according to the control policy request
  • the PCF sends the routing policy to the AMF for forwarding to the terminal by the AMF.
  • the time synchronization device further includes: a subscription module, configured for the PCF to send a virtual dedicated link subscription request to the unified data management UDM;
  • the PCF receives the subscription event notification replied by the UDM according to the virtual private link subscription request, the subscription event notification includes: virtual private link information, and the virtual private link information includes: interface information, session information; Wherein, the virtual private link information is obtained by the network opening function AF requesting the network opening function NEF to create and send to the UDM.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of another time synchronization device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the basic principle and technical effect of the device are the same as those of the corresponding method embodiment described above.
  • some parts not mentioned in this embodiment you can refer to the corresponding content in the method embodiments.
  • the time synchronization device 200 may include:
  • the receiving module 210 is used for the user plane function UPF to receive the target forwarding rule sent by the SMF according to the target virtual dedicated link information, and the target virtual dedicated link information includes: first interface information, second interface information, and target PDU session information;
  • the establishment module 220 is used for the UPF to establish a target PDU session with the terminal according to the target forwarding rule, so as to transmit a time synchronization message through the interface indicated by the target PDU session and target virtual dedicated link information.
  • the above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, for example: one or more specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, referred to as ASIC), or one or more microprocessors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP for short), or, one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA for short), etc.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, referred to as CPU) or other processors that can call program codes.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • these modules can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC for short).
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device may be integrated into a terminal device or a chip of the terminal device, and the terminal may be a computing device with an image processing function.
  • the electronic device may include: a processor 510, a storage medium 520, and a bus 530.
  • the storage medium 520 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 510.
  • the processor 510 communicates with the storage
  • the media 520 communicate through the bus 530 , and the processor 510 executes machine-readable instructions, so as to execute the steps of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the specific implementation manner and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.
  • the present application further provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is run by a processor, the steps in the foregoing method embodiments are executed.
  • a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is run by a processor, the steps in the foregoing method embodiments are executed.
  • the specific implementation manner and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.
  • the disclosed devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units implemented in the form of software functional units may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the above-mentioned software functional units are stored in a storage medium, and include several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor (English: processor) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of the present application. partial steps.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (English: Read-Only Memory, abbreviated: ROM), random access memory (English: Random Access Memory, abbreviated: RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc, etc.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种时间同步方法、电子设备及存储介质，涉及通信技术领域。其中，终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，目标PDU会话建立请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；终端与目标用户面功能UPF建立目标PDU会话，应用于本申请实施例，可以通过目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，以实现第一接口所连接第一待同步时钟节点与第二接口所连接第二待同步时钟节点之间的时间同步，而无需通信系统支持时间同步协议，具有实现简单的特点，有利于时间敏感网络的快速部署和应用。

Description

时间同步方法、电子设备及存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年05月25日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202110568865.8、名称为“时间同步方法、电子设备及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种时间同步方法、电子设备及存储介质。
背景技术
第五代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile networks，5G技术)是最新一代蜂窝移动通信技术，也是继4G(LTE-A、WiMax)、3G(UMTS、LTE)和2G(GSM)系统之后的延伸。5G的性能目标是高数据速率、减少延迟、节省能源、降低成本、提高系统容量和大规模设备连接。
现有的，基于通信系统实现时钟节点之间的时间同步时，往往需要将通信系统作为一个时钟节点，且需要增加一些额外的功能。比如，在第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统中，需要增强5G核心网的用户面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)和终端设备(user equipment，UE)，并支持IEEE 802.1AS或者IEEE1588协议。
因此，现有的实现方式比较复杂，不利于时间敏感网络TSN的快速部署。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于，针对上述现有技术中的不足，提供一种时间同步方法、电子设备及存储介质，具有实现简单的特点，便于时间敏感网络TSN的快速部署。
为实现上述目的，本申请实施例采用的技术方案如下：
第一方面，本申请提供一种时间同步方法，包括：
终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，所述目标PDU会话建立请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；所述目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示所述SMF向策略控制功能PCF请求获取对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，并根据所述目标虚拟专用链路信息确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则；所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息；
所述终端与目标用户面功能UPF建立目标PDU会话，以通过所述目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，所述目标PDU会话为所述目标UPF根据目标转发规则建立的PDU会话，所述目标转发规则由所述SMF根据所述目标虚拟专用链路信息发送给所述目标UPF。
第二方面，本申请提供一种时间同步方法，包括：
策略控制功能PCF接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求，所述目标虚拟专用链路获取请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；
所述PCF根据所述目标虚拟专用链路标识获取终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息；
所述PCF向所述SMF发送所述目标虚拟专用链路信息。
第三方面，本申请提供一种时间同步方法，包括：
用户面功能UPF接收SMF根据目标虚拟专用链路信息发送的目标转发规则，所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息；
所述UPF根据所述目标转发规则与终端建立目标PDU会话，以通过所述目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息。
第四方面，本申请提供一种时间同步装置，包括：
发送模块，终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，所述目标PDU会话建立请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；所述目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示所述SMF向策略控制功能PCF请求获取对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，并根据所述目标虚拟专用链路信息确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则；所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息；
响应模块，所述终端与目标用户面功能UPF建立目标PDU会话，以通过所述目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，所述目标PDU会话为所述目标UPF根据目标转发规则建立的PDU会话，所述目标转发规则由所述SMF根据所述目标虚拟专用链路信息发送给所述目标UPF。
第五方面，本申请提供一种时间同步装置，包括：
接收模块，用于策略控制功能PCF接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求，所述目标虚拟专用链路获取请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；
获取模块，用于所述PCF根据所述目标虚拟专用链路标识获取终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息；
发送模块，用于所述PCF向所述SMF发送所述目标虚拟专用链路信息。
第六方面，本申请提供一种时间同步装置，包括：
接收模块，用于用户面功能UPF接收SMF根据目标虚拟专用链路信息发送的目标转发规则，所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息；
建立模块，用于所述UPF根据所述目标转发规则与终端建立目标PDU会话，以通过所述目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息。
第七方面，本申请提供一种电子设备，包括：处理器、存储介质和总线，所述存储介质存储有所述处理器可执行的机器可读指令，当电子设备运行时，所述处理器与所述存储介质之间通过总线通信，所述处理器执行所述机器可读指令，以执行如前述实施方式任一所述时间同步方法的步骤。
第八方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器运行时执行如前述实施方式任一所述时间同步方法的步骤。
本申请的有益效果是：
本申请实施例提供的时间同步方法、电子设备及存储介质中，终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，目标PDU会话建立请求包括：路由选择策略，路由选择策略包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示SMF向策略控制功能PCF请求获取对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，并根据目标虚拟专用链路信息确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则；终端与目标用户面功能UPF建立目标PDU会话，应用于本申请实施例，可以通过 目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，以实现第一接口所连接第一待同步时钟节点与第二接口所连接第二待时钟节点之间的时间同步，而无需通信系统支持时间同步协议，具有实现简单的特点，有利于时间敏感网络的快速部署和应用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为适用于本申请实施例提供的时间同步方法的网络架构的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种时间同步方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种时间同步方法的流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种时间同步方法的交互流程示意图；
图5(a)为本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟专用链路的示意图；
图5(b)为本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟专用链路的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种时间同步方法的应用场景示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的又一种时间同步方法的流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种时间同步方法的交互流程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种时间同步方法的流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种时间同步方法的流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的又一种时间同步方法的交互流程示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种时间同步方法的流程示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的又一种时间同步方法的流程示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种时间同步装置的功能模块示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的另一种时间同步装置的功能模块示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
时间敏感网络(Time Sensitive Networking，TSN)是一套数据链路层协议规范，基于TSN可以采用IEEE 802.1AS或者IEEE1588协议实现各个时钟节点间的时间同步，其中，时钟节点可以是交换机、路 由器、网关等需要进行时间同步的待同步设备，本申请在此不作限定。对于任意两个时钟节点来说，时钟节点上发布同步时间的端口称为主端口(Master Port)，接收同步时间的端口称为从端口(Slave Port)，IEEE 802.1AS和IEEE1588协议采用二层组播消息，其基本原理为主端口周期性的向从端口发送同步报文Sync和追随报文Follow_Up，报文中携带时间信息；从端口接收到时间信息后，需要根据主端口和从端口之间的链路时延对时间进行修正，从端口向主端口发送延迟请求消息进行延迟测量，以此实现这两个时钟节点之间的时间同步。
现有的，基于通信系统实现时钟节点之间的时间同步时，往往需要将通信系统作为一个时钟节点，且需要增加一些额外的功能，在实现上较为复杂，不利于时间敏感网络的快速部署。比如，在第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统中，需要增强5G核心网的用户面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)和终端设备(user equipment，UE)，并支持IEEE 802.1AS或者IEEE1588协议，其中，对于UPF来说，需要在UPF上增加网络侧转换器NW-TT功能，对于UE来说，需要在UE上增加设备侧转换器DS-TT功能，或者UE外接DS-TT，同时需要NW-TT和DS-TT功能之间同步到5G系统内部时钟，可以看出，现有的时间同步方法在实现上复杂度高，不利于时间敏感网络的快速部署和应用。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种时间同步方法，该方法具有实现简单的特点，有利于时间敏感网络的快速部署和应用。
在介绍本申请之前，首先对本申请实施例的应用场景进行说明，本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通讯(global system for mobile communications，GSM)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统或未来的新无线接入技术(new radio access technology，NR)等。
图1为适用于本申请实施例提供的时间同步方法的网络架构的示意图。如图1所示，该网络架构例如可以是非漫游(non-roaming)架构。该网络架构具体可以包括下列网元：
1、终端设备(user equipment，UE)：也可以称用户设备、终端、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。UE还可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL))站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等，还可以是端设备，逻辑实体，智能设备，如手机，智能终端等终端设备，或者服务器，网关，基站，控制器等通信设备，或者物联网设备，如传感器，电表，水表等物联网(Internet of things，IoT)设备。本申请实施例对此并不限定。
2、接入网(access network，AN)：为特定区域的授权用户提供入网功能，并能够根据用户的级别，业务的需求等使用不同质量的传输隧道。接入网络可以为采用不同接入技术的接入网络。目前的无线接 入技术有两种类型：第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)接入技术(例如3G、4G或5G系统中采用的无线接入技术)和非第三代合作伙伴计划(non-3GPP)接入技术。3GPP接入技术是指符合3GPP标准规范的接入技术，采用3GPP接入技术的接入网络称为无线接入网络(Radio Access Network，RAN)，其中，5G系统中的接入网设备称为下一代基站节点(next generation Node Base station，gNB)。非3GPP接入技术是指不符合3GPP标准规范的接入技术，例如，以wifi中的接入点(access point，AP)为代表的空口技术。
基于无线通信技术实现接入网络功能的接入网可以称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)。无线接入网能够管理无线资源，为终端提供接入服务，进而完成控制信号和用户数据在终端和核心网之间的转发。
其中，接入网设备可以包括接入网中在空中接口上通过一个或多个扇区与无线终端通信的设备。接入网系统可用于将收到的空中帧与网际协议(Internet Protocol，IP)分组进行相互转换，作为无线终端与接入网的其余部分之间的路由器，其中接入网的其余部分可包括IP网络。无线接入网系统还可协调对空中接口的属性管理。应理解，接入网设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved NodeB，eNB)、无线网络控制器(Radio Network Controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(Base Station Controller，BSC)、基站收发台(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，Home evolved NodeB，或Home NodeB，HNB)、基带单元(Base Band Unit，BBU)，无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(Access Point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为5G，如，NR，系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)等。
在一些部署中，gNB可以包括集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和DU。gNB还可以包括射频单元(radio unit，RU)。CU实现gNB的部分功能，DU实现gNB的部分功能，比如，CU实现无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)，分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能，DU实现无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。由于RRC层的信息最终会变成PHY层的信息，或者，由PHY层的信息转变而来，因而，在这种架构下，高层信令，如RRC层信令，也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU+CU发送的。可以理解的是，接入网设备可以为CU节点、或DU节点、或包括CU节点和DU节点的设备。此外，CU可以划分为接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的接入网设备，也可以将CU划分为核心网(core network，CN)中的接入网设备，在此不做限制。
3、接入与移动管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)实体：主要用于移动性管理和接入管理等，可以用于实现移动性管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)功能中除会话管理之外的其它功能，例如，合法监听、或接入授权(或鉴权)等功能。在本申请实施例中，可用于实现接入和移动管理网元的功能。
4、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)实体：主要用于会话管理、UE的网际协议(Internet Protocol，IP)地址分配和管理、选择可管理用户面功能、策略控制、或收费功能接口的终结点以及下行数据通知等。在本申请实施例中，可用于实现会话管理网元的功能。
5、用户面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)实体：即，数据面网关。可用于分组路由和转发、或用户面数据的服务质量(quality of service，QoS)处理等。用户数据可通过该网元接入到数据网络(data network，DN)。在本申请实施例中，可用于实现用户面网关的功能。
6、网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)实体：用于安全地向外部开放由3GPP网络功能提供的业务和能力等。
7、网络存储功能(network function(NF)repository function，NRF)实体：用于保存网络功能实体以及其提供服务的描述信息，以及支持服务发现，网元实体发现等。
8、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)实体：用于指导网络行为的统一策略框架，为控制平面功能网元(例如AMF，SMF网元等)提供策略规则信息等。
9、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)实体：用于处理用户标识、接入鉴权、注册、或移动性管理等。
10、应用功能(application function，AF)实体：用于进行应用影响的数据路由，接入网络开放功能网元，或，与策略框架交互进行策略控制等。
在该网络架构中，N1接口为终端与AMF实体之间的参考点；N2接口为AN和AMF实体的参考点，用于非接入层(non-access stratum，NAS)消息的发送等；N3接口为AN和UPF实体之间的参考点，用于传输用户面的数据等；N4接口为SMF实体和UPF实体之间的参考点，用于传输例如N3连接的隧道标识信息，数据缓存指示信息，以及下行数据通知消息等信息。
应理解，上述应用于本申请实施例的网络架构仅是举例说明的从传统点到点的架构和服务化架构的角度描述的网络架构，适用本申请实施例的网络架构并不局限于此，任何能够实现上述各个网元的功能的网络架构都适用于本申请实施例。应理解，上述网元之间可以通过预设接口进行通信，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，图1中所示的AMF实体、SMF实体、UPF实体、NEF实体、PCF实体、UDM实体可以理解为核心网中用于实现不同功能的网元，例如可以按需组合成网络切片。这些核心网网元可以各自独立的设备，也可以集成于同一设备中实现不同的功能，本申请对此不做限定。
下文中，为便于说明，将用于实现AMF的实体记作AMF，将用于实现PCF的实体记作PCF，其他标记与此类似，在此不再赘述。应理解，上述命名仅为用于区分不同的功能，并不代表这些网元分别为独立的物理设备，本申请对于上述网元的具体形态不作限定，例如，可以集成在同一个物理设备中，也可以分别是不同的物理设备。此外，上述命名仅为便于区分不同的功能，而不应对本申请构成任何限定，本申请并不排除在5G网络以及未来其它的网络中采用其他命名的可能。例如，在6G网络中，上述各个网元中的部分或全部可以沿用5G中的术语，也可能采用其他名称等。在此进行统一说明，以下不再赘述。
还应理解，图1中的各个网元之间的接口名称只是一个示例，具体实现中接口的名称可能为其他的名称，本申请对此不作具体限定。此外，上述各个网元之间的所传输的消息(或信令)的名称也仅仅是一个示例，对消息本身的功能不构成任何限定。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种时间同步方法的流程示意图，该方法的执行主体可以是终端，也即可以是上述图1中的终端设备(user equipment，UE)，如图2所示，该时间同步方法可以包括：
S101、终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标PDU会话建立请求，目标PDU会话 建立请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识。
其中，目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示SMF向策略控制功能PCF请求获取对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，并根据目标虚拟专用链路信息确定目标UPF以及生成目标转发规则；目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息。
其中，策略控制功能PCF可以向统一数据管理UDM发送虚拟专用链路订阅请求，并接收UDM根据该虚拟专用链路订阅请求回复的订阅事件通知，该订阅事件通知可以包括：虚拟专用链路信息，虚拟专用链路信息可以包括：接口信息、会话信息。其中，每个虚拟专用链路可以包含两个接口，每个接口信息包括接口所属设备标识、接口编号、接口类别等。接口类别包括UE侧接口和网络侧接口；如果为UE侧接口，则接口标所属设备标识为UE标识，如果为网络侧接口，则接口所属设备标识为UPF标识；虚拟专用链路可以由一个UE侧接口和一个网络侧接口组成，也可以由两个UE侧接口组成。会话信息可以包括PDU会话类型、时间同步消息识别信息、会话质量需求等，其中，时间同步消息识别信息用于识别时间同步消息，比如遵循IEEE 802.1AS和IEEE1588协议的时间同步消息采用以太网类型为0x88F7的数据帧进行传输，则可以通过判断以太网帧类型是否为0x88F7来识别时间同步消息；会话质量需求可以包括：最大延迟、最大抖动、需要保障的带宽值等会话质量需求参数，UE、RAN、UPF根据这些参数在PDU会话内创建QoS flow，保障会话的质量。
当然，虚拟专用链路信息还可以包括：虚拟专用链路标识，用于标识该虚拟专用链路，虚拟专用链路标识可以是预设字符串，但不以此为限。
此外，PCF还可以接收接入与移动管理功能AMF根据终端的注册请求发送的控制策略请求，该控制策略请求可以包括：终端的标识；根据该控制策略请求可以生成终端对应的路由选择策略；向AMF发送该路由选择策略，以由AMF转发至终端。
基于上述说明，终端从终端侧的接口接收到数据帧后，可以和路由选择策略中的相关信息(比如，流量描述符参数，该流量描述符参数可以包括至少一个接口信息、时间同步消息识别信息等)进行匹配，确定是使用已经建立的PDU会话，还是新建PDU会话。如果需要新建PDU会话，终端可以向网络侧发起PDU会话建立请求。对于终端来说，在需要建立目标协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit，PDU)会话时，基于图1的网络架构，终端可以根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，其中，具体发送过程中，终端可以向接入网AN发送目标PDU会话建立请求，接入网AN可以将该目标PDU会话建立请求发送给AMF，经AMF可以转发到SMF，该目标PDU会话建立请求中可以包括目标虚拟专用链路标识。
对于SMF来说，SMF接收到该目标PDU会话建立请求后，可以根据该目标PDU会话建立请求向策略控制功能PCF发送目标虚拟专用链路获取请求；基于上述说明，PCF进一步根据该目标虚拟专用链路标识可以获取终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，并向SMF发送目标虚拟专用链路信息，SMF接收到该目标虚拟专用链路信息可以在确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则。
其中，目标虚拟专用链路信息可以包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息。其中，目标PDU会话信息可以为包括时间同步消息的PDU会话，其可以通过预设的时间同步消息识别信息来识别，比如遵循IEEE 802.1AS和IEEE1588协议的时间同步消息采用以太网类型为0x88F7的数据帧进行传输时，则可以通过判断以太网类型是否为0x88F7来识别时间同步消息，但不以此为限。当然， 目标PDU会话信息还可以包括其他信息，比如，可以包括但不限于：PDU会话ID、会话类型(IPv4、IPv6、IPv4v6、Ethenet、Unstructured)、上下行速率、计费ID、漫游状态信息、UE的IP信息、PCF信息、Qos信息、隧道信息、目的地地址、SMF标识、AMF信息、会话管理信息、UPF ID、在线计费标识、离线计费标识等。
可选地，上述第一接口信息可以为终端侧接口的接口信息，第二接口信息可以为网络侧接口的接口信息；又或者，第一接口信息可以为网络侧接口的接口信息，第二接口信息可以为终端侧接口的接口信息；又或者，第一接口信息和第二接口信息均为终端侧接口的接口信息，在此不作限定，根据实际的应用场景可以有所不同。
S102、终端与目标用户面功能UPF建立目标PDU会话，以通过目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息。
其中，目标PDU会话为目标UPF根据目标转发规则建立的PDU会话，目标转发规则由SMF根据目标虚拟专用链路信息发送给目标UPF。
基于上述说明，SMF根据目标虚拟专用链路信息生成目标转发规则后，可以将该目标转发规则发送给目标UPF，目标UPF接收到该目标转发规则后，可以根据该目标转发规则与终端建立目标PDU会话，相应地，也即终端可以与目标UPF建立目标PDU会话，至此，目标PDU会话已建立，则终端可以通过该目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，也即终端可以将时间同步消息携带在目标PDU会话中，并根据目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口进行传输。
基于上述实施例的基础上，可以理解的是，若上述第一接口信息指示终端侧的接口信息，第二接口信息指示网络侧的接口信息时，则终端可以将从该目标PDU会话中接收的时间同步消息从终端侧第一接口信息指示的第一接口传输至网络侧第二接口信息指示的第二接口；当然，目标UPF也可以将从该目标PDU会话中接收的时间同步消息从网络侧第二接口信息指示的第二接口传输至终端侧第一接口信息指示的第一接口，在此不作限定，根据第一接口和第二接口的类型，传输方式可以有所不同，应用本申请实施例，可以实现第一接口所连接第一待同步时钟节点与第二接口所连接第二待时钟节点之间的时间同步，具有实现简单的特点。
综上，本申请实施例提供的时间同步方法，包括：终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，目标PDU会话建立请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示SMF向策略控制功能PCF请求获取对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，并根据目标虚拟专用链路信息确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则；终端与目标用户面功能UPF建立目标PDU会话，应用于本申请实施例，可以通过目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，以实现第一接口所连接第一待同步时钟节点与第二接口所连接第二待时钟节点之间的时间同步，而无需通信系统支持时间同步协议，具有实现简单的特点，有利于时间敏感网络的快速部署和应用。
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种时间同步方法的流程示意图，图4为本申请实施例提供的一种时间同步方法的交互流程示意图。可选地，如图3和图4所示，上述终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求之前，还包括：
S201、终端向接入与移动管理功能AMF发送注册请求，注册请求包括：终端的标识。
其中，注册请求用于请求AMF向策略控制功能PCF发送控制策略请求。
其中，终端的标识可以是通用公共用户标识(Generic Public Subscription Identifier，GPSI)、永久设备标识符(Permanent Equipment Identifier，PEI)、签约永久标识符(Subscription Permanent Identifier，SUPI)、签约隐藏标识符(Subscription Concealed Identifier，SUSI)等，在此不作限定。在一些实施例中，终端可以向接入网AN发送注册请求，接入网AN进一步地可以将该注册请求转发给AMF，AMF接收到该注册请求后可以向策略控制功能PCF发送控制策略请求。基于上述说明，由于策略控制功能PCF中可以存储有多条虚拟专用链路信息，因此，PCF根据该控制策略请求可以判断是否需要创建和该UE相关联的虚拟专用链路，可选地，PCF若根据终端的标识查找到该UE相关联的虚拟专用链路，则说明需要创建，否则，说明无需创建。
若确定需要创建，PCF根据该终端的标识可以确定终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路标识，并根据该目标虚拟专用链路标识可以生成应答消息，该应答消息可以包括终端对应的路由选择策略，该路由选择策略可以包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识，目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路，目标虚拟专用链路用于传输时间同步消息，PCF进一步可以将该应答消息发送给AMF。
S202、终端接收AMF根据注册请求发送的应答消息，应答消息包括终端对应的路由选择策略。
其中，路由选择策略包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识，目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路，目标虚拟专用链路用于传输时间同步消息，其中，终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路由PCF根据终端的标识确定。
AMF接收到PCF根据注册请求发送的应答消息后，可以进一步将应答消息通过其他网元(比如，接入网AN)转发给终端，进而终端可以根据路由选择策略知晓其对应的目标虚拟专用链路标识以及目标虚拟专用链路信息所指示的接口，进而根据目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口可以传输时间同步消息。
图5(a)为本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟专用链路的示意图，图5(b)为本申请实施例提供的一种虚拟专用链路的示意图。其中，根据目标PDU会话建立请求的不同，第一接口信息和第二接口信息所指示的接口可以有所不同，可以分为以下情况：
其中，如图5(a)所示，若需要实现终端侧UE1的时钟节点1与网络侧UPF的时钟节点1之间的时间同步，则第一接口信息可以指示终端侧接口A1的信息，第二接口信息可以指示网络侧接口B1的信息；又或者，第一接口信息可以指示网络侧接口B1的信息，第二接口信息可以指示终端侧接口A1的信息，虚拟专用链路1可以指终端侧接口A1和网络侧接口B1之间的链路；如图5(b)所示，若需要实现终端侧UE1的时钟节点1与终端侧UE2的时钟节点4之间的时间同步，则第一接口信息可以指示终端侧接口A1的信息，第二接口信息可以指示终端侧接口A4的信息；又或者，第一接口信息可以指示终端侧接口A4的信息，第二接口信息可以指示终端侧接口A1的信息，虚拟专用链路1可以指终端侧接口A1和网络侧接口A4之间的链路。
综上，应用本申请实施例，基于第一接口和第二接口之间建立的目标虚拟专用链路，可以通过目标PDU会话和该目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，以实现终端侧时钟节点与网络侧时钟节点之间的时间同步(第一接口信息所指示的接口为终端侧接口或网络侧接口，第二接口信息所指示的接口为网络侧接口或终端侧接口)、或多个终端侧时钟节点之间的时间同步(第一接口信息和第二接 口信息所指示的接口均为终端侧接口)，具有实现简单的特点，便于时间敏感网络的快速部署和应用。
可选地，上述路由选择策略还包括：至少一个接口信息、时间同步消息识别信息；其中，至少一个接口信息可以指示时间同步消息的转发接口，该接口信息可以包括：接口标识，比如，接口编号，但不以此为限；时间同步消息识别信息可以用于识别时间同步消息的数量流量，比如，可以是以太网帧类型为0x88F7的数据流量，但不以此为限。也即，路由选择策略可以理解为包含将至少一个接口信息、时间同步消息识别信息映射到PDU会话的信息。
在一些实施例中，上述终端根据路由选择策略向SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，包括：
终端通过终端侧接口接收数据后，基于接口信息和时间同步消息识别信息，根据路由选择策略向SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求。
其中，终端侧需要进行时间同步的时钟节点可以通过终端侧接口与终端进行通信连接，该需要进行时间同步的时钟节点可以通过终端侧接口向终端发送数据帧(比如，以太网帧)，基于上述说明，可以理解的是，终端可以接收AMF根据注册请求发送的应答消息，该应答消息可以包括终端对应的路由选择策略，可选地，终端接收到该数据帧后，可以和路由选择策略(至少一个接口信息、时间同步消息识别信息等)进行匹配，通过匹配可以确定是否需要新建PDU会话，其中，若确定需要新建PDU会话，终端可以基于该至少一个接口信息和时间同步消息识别信息，根据路由选择策略向SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，以请求为每个指定接口创建单独的PDU会话。其中，目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求将包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识，但不以此为限。
可选地，上述目标PDU会话信息中可以包括：会话质量参数，该会话质量参数可以包括但不限于：最大延迟、最大抖动、保障带宽等，以便在创建目标PDU会话的过程中，PCF还可以根据目标虚拟专用链路的会话质量参数生成服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)规则下发给SMF，SMF将其发送给UE、AN、UPF，保障UE到UPF间目标虚拟专用链路的延迟和抖动，保障时间同步的精度。
可选地，目标转发规则为：UPF基于第一接口从PDU会话接收的时间同步消息从第二接口转发出去；基于第二接口接收的时间同步消息通过PDU会话转发至第一接口；或，UPF基于第一接口从PDU会话接收的时间同步消息从第二接口对应的PDU会话转发至第二接口；基于第二接口接收的时间同步消息通过第一接口对应的PDU会话转发至第一接口。
基于上述5(a)进一步说明，若需要实现终端侧UE1的时钟节点1与网络侧UPF的时钟节点1之间的时间同步，目标转发规则可以为：UPF基于终端侧接口A1从PDU会话接收的时间同步消息需要从网络侧接口B1转发出去；基于网络侧接口B1接收的时间同步消息需要通过该PDU会话转发至终端侧接口A1；如图5(b)所示，若需要实现终端侧UE1的时钟节点1与终端侧UE2的时钟节点4之间的时间同步，目标转发规则可以为：UPF基于终端侧接口A1从PDU1会话接收的时间同步消息需要从终端侧接口A4对应的PDU2会话转发至终端侧接口A4；基于终端侧接口A4从PDU2会话接收的时间同步消息需要通过终端侧接口A1对应的PDU1会话转发至终端侧接口A1，当然，目标规则的设置方式并不以此为限。应用本申请实施例，通过目标转发规则，使得对于包含两个终端侧接口(UE接口)的虚拟专用链路，两个PDU会话相绑定；对于包含一个UE侧接口和一个网络侧接口的虚拟专用链路，UPF的指定接口和指定PDU会话绑定，以此来构建虚拟专用链路。
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种时间同步方法的应用场景示意图，如图6所示，应用本申请实施例，可以利用通信系统创建虚拟专用链路，连接不同时钟节点的主端口和从端口(时钟节点A的主端口和时钟节点B的从端口连接、时钟节点A的主端口和时钟节点C的从端口连接)，对于时钟节点来说，不感知通信系统的存在；对于通信系统来说，不感知时间同步协议，具有实现简单的特点，便于时间敏感网络的快速部署和应用。
图7为本申请实施例提供的又一种时间同步方法的流程示意图，图8为本申请实施例提供的又一种时间同步方法的交互流程示意图，该方法的执行主体可以是前述网络架构中的PCF，如图7和图8所示，该时间同步方法可以包括：
S401、PCF接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求。
其中，目标虚拟专用链路获取请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识。
S402、PCF根据目标虚拟专用链路标识获取终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息。
S403、PCF向SMF发送目标虚拟专用链路信息。
参照图8，对于PCF来说，PCF可以接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求，根据该目标虚拟专用链路获取请求中包括目标虚拟专用链路标识，可以获取终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，向SMF发送目标虚拟专用链路信息，SMF根据该目标虚拟专用链路信息可以确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则。可选地确定目标用户面功能UPF时，可以根据目标虚拟专用链路信息确定对应的目标用户面功能UPF；关于其他部分的说明，可参见前述的相关部分，在此不再赘述。
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种时间同步方法的流程示意图。可选地，如图9和图4所示，上述PCF接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求之前，还包括：
S501、PCF接收接入与移动管理功能AMF根据终端的注册请求发送的控制策略请求，控制策略请求包括：终端的标识。
S502、PCF根据控制策略请求生成终端对应的路由选择策略。
S503、PCF向AMF发送路由选择策略，以由所述AMF转发至所述终端。
其中，参照图4，终端向接入与移动管理功能AMF发送注册请求后，AMF进一步可以根据该注册请求向PCF发送控制策略请求；PCF收到该控制策略请求后可以根据该控制策略请求生成终端对应的路由选择策略，并发送给AMF，以由AMF转发至终端，关于相关交互过程可参见前述的相关说明，在此不再赘述。
应用本申请实施例，实现了PCF可以根据SMF发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求，获取终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息发送给SMF，SMF根据该目标虚拟专用链路信息可以确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则，将该目标转发规则发送给目标UPF，进而目标UPF根据目标转发规则可以与终端建立目标PDU会话，以通过目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，实现了第一接口所连接第一待同步时钟节点与第二接口所连接第二待时钟节点之间的时间同步，具有实现简单的特点，有利于时间敏感网络的快速部署和应用。
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种时间同步方法的流程示意图，图11为本申请实施例提供的又一种时间同步方法的交互流程示意图。可选地，如图10和图11所示，上述PCF接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求之前，还包括：
S601、PCF向UDM发送虚拟专用链路订阅请求。
S602、PCF接收UDM根据虚拟专用链路订阅请求回复的订阅事件通知，订阅事件通知包括：虚拟专用链路信息，虚拟专用链路信息包括：接口信息、会话信息。
其中，参照图11，虚拟专用链路信息可以由应用功能AF请求网络开放功能NEF创建获取并发送给UDM，也即虚拟专用链路信息是由AF向NEF请求创建后，并转发给UDM，可选地，AF可以向NEF发送虚拟专用链路管理的请求消息，该请求消息可以请求创建虚拟专用链路请求，更新虚拟专用链路请求，或，删除虚拟专用链路请求。其中，创建和更新虚拟专用链路请求中可以携带虚拟专用链路信息；删除虚拟专用链路请求中可以只携带虚拟专用链路标识，但不以此为限。
对于PCF来说，PCF可以向UDM发送虚拟专用链路订阅请求，UDM接收到该虚拟专用链路订阅请求后，若UDM接收到虚拟专用链路管理(创建、删除、更新)的请求消息后，其中，对于创建和更新虚拟专用链路请求，UDM可以存储虚拟专用链路信息，或者将信息保存在统一数据仓库UDR(Unified Data Repository)中；对于删除虚拟专用链路请求，UDM删除相关信息，或者请求UDR删除相关信息，在此不作限定。UDM在进行创建、更新或删除操作后，可以向NEF发送虚拟专用链路管理响应，并向PCF发送订阅事件通知，对于NEF来说，可以进一步向AF发送该虚拟专用链路管理响应。
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种时间同步方法的流程示意图，该方法的执行主体可以是前述网络架构中的UPF，具体可以是上述SMF根据终端的PDU会话建立请求选择的目标UPF，如图12和图8所示，该时间同步方法可以包括：
S701、UPF接收SMF根据目标虚拟专用链路信息发送的目标转发规则，目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息。
S702、UPF根据目标转发规则与终端建立目标PDU会话，以通过目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息。
基于上述说明，参照图8，SMF根据目标虚拟专用链路信息可以确定目标UPF以及生成目标转发规则，所生成的目标转发规则可以发送给UPF，UPF根据该目标转发规则可以与终端建立目标PDU会话，使得通过所建立的目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口可以传输时间同步消息，使得时钟节点之间可以通过具备确定性时延和抖动的虚拟专用链路通道进行时间同步，通信系统也不需要支持任何特定的时间同步协议，简化了实现，也不需要UE和UPF之间保持时间同步，有利于时间敏感网络的快速部署。
图13为本申请实施例提供的又一种时间同步方法的流程示意图，该方法的执行主体可以是前述网络架构中的UDM，如图13和图11所示，该时间同步方法可以包括：
S801、UDM接收PCF发送的虚拟专用链路订阅请求。
S802、UDM接收NEF转发的AF发出的虚拟专用链路管理请求。
S803、UDM根据虚拟专用链路管理请求向NEF发送虚拟专用链路管理响应，并根据虚拟专用链路订阅请求向PCF回复订阅事件通知，订阅事件通知包括：虚拟专用链路信息，虚拟专用链路信息包括： 接口信息、会话信息。
关于该部分内容的说明可参见前述的相关说明，本申请在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供的时间同步方法中，终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，目标PDU会话建立请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示SMF向策略控制功能PCF请求获取对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，并根据目标虚拟专用链路信息确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则；终端与目标用户面功能UPF建立目标PDU会话，应用于本申请实施例，可以通过目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，以实现第一接口所连接第一待同步时钟节点与第二接口所连接第二待时钟节点之间的时间同步，而无需通信系统支持时间同步协议，具有实现简单的特点，有利于时间敏感网络的快速部署和应用。
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种时间同步装置的功能模块示意图，该装置基本原理及产生的技术效果与前述对应的方法实施例相同，为简要描述，本实施例中未提及部分，可参考方法实施例中的相应内容。如图14所示，该时间同步装置可以包括：
发送模块110，终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，所述目标PDU会话建立请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；所述目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示所述SMF向策略控制功能PCF请求获取对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，并根据所述目标虚拟专用链路信息确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则；所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息；
响应模块120，所述终端与目标用户面功能UPF建立目标PDU会话，以通过所述目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息，所述目标PDU会话为所述目标UPF根据目标转发规则建立的PDU会话，所述目标转发规则由所述SMF根据所述目标虚拟专用链路信息发送给所述目标UPF。
在可选的实施方式中，所述时间同步装置，还包括：注册模块，用于终端向接入与移动管理功能AMF发送注册请求，所述注册请求包括：终端的标识，所述注册请求用于请求所述AMF向策略控制功能PCF发送控制策略请求；
所述终端接收所述AMF根据所述注册请求发送的应答消息，所述应答消息包括所述终端对应的路由选择策略，所述路由选择策略包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识，所述目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示所述终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路，所述目标虚拟专用链路用于传输时间同步消息，其中，所述终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路由所述PCF根据所述终端的标识确定。
在可选的实施方式中，所述路由选择策略还包括：至少一个接口信息、时间同步消息识别信息；所述发送模块，具体用于所述终端通过终端侧接口接收数据后，基于所述接口信息和所述时间同步消息识别信息，根据路由选择策略向SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求。
在可选的实施方式中，所述目标转发规则为：UPF基于第一接口从PDU会话接收的时间同步消息从第二接口转发出去；基于所述第二接口接收的时间同步消息通过所述PDU会话转发至所述第一接口；或，UPF基于第一接口从所述PDU会话接收的时间同步消息从第二接口对应的PDU会话转发至所述第二接口；基于所述第二接口接收的时间同步消息通过所述第一接口对应的PDU会话转发至所述第一接口。
可选地，本申请还提供一种时间同步装置，该装置基本原理及产生的技术效果与前述对应的方法实施例相同，为简要描述，本实施例中未提及部分，可参考方法实施例中的相应内容。该时间同步装置可以包括：
接收模块，用于策略控制功能PCF接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求，所述目标虚拟专用链路获取请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；
获取模块，用于所述PCF根据所述目标虚拟专用链路标识获取终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息；
发送模块，用于所述PCF向所述SMF发送所述目标虚拟专用链路信息。
在可选的实施方式中，所述时间同步装置还包括：生成模块，用于所述PCF接收接入与移动管理功能AMF根据终端的注册请求发送的控制策略请求，所述控制策略请求包括：终端的标识；
所述PCF根据所述控制策略请求生成所述终端对应的路由选择策略；
所述PCF向所述AMF发送所述路由选择策略，以由所述AMF转发至所述终端。
在可选的实施方式中，所述时间同步装置还包括：订阅模块，用于所述PCF向统一数据管理UDM发送虚拟专用链路订阅请求；
所述PCF接收所述UDM根据所述虚拟专用链路订阅请求回复的订阅事件通知，所述订阅事件通知包括：虚拟专用链路信息，所述虚拟专用链路信息包括：接口信息、会话信息；其中，所述虚拟专用链路信息由网络开放功能AF请求网络开放功能NEF创建获取并发送给所述UDM。
图15为本申请实施例提供的另一种时间同步装置的功能模块示意图，该装置基本原理及产生的技术效果与前述对应的方法实施例相同，为简要描述，本实施例中未提及部分，可参考方法实施例中的相应内容。如图15所示，该时间同步装置200可以包括：
接收模块210，用于用户面功能UPF接收SMF根据目标虚拟专用链路信息发送的目标转发规则，所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息；
建立模块220，用于所述UPF根据所述目标转发规则与终端建立目标PDU会话，以通过所述目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的接口传输时间同步消息。
上述装置用于执行前述实施例提供的方法，其实现原理和技术效果类似，在此不再赘述。
以上这些模块可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，简称ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(Digital Signal Processor，简称DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，简称FPGA)等。再如，当以上某个模块通过处理元件调度程序代码的形式实现时，该处理元件可以是通用处理器，例如中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，简称CPU)或其它可以调用程序代码的处理器。再如，这些模块可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，简称SOC)的形式实现。
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备结构示意图,该电子设备可以集成于终端设备或者终端设备的芯片，该终端可以是具备图像处理功能的计算设备。如图16所示，该电子设备可以包括：处理器510、存储介质520和总线530，存储介质520存储有处理器510可执行的机器可读指令，当电子设备运行时，处理器510与存储介质520之间通过总线530通信，处理器510执行机器可读指令，以执行上述方法实施例的步骤。具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
可选地，本申请还提供一种存储介质，存储介质上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器运行时执行上述方法实施例的步骤。具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用硬件加软件功能单元的形式实现。
上述以软件功能单元的形式实现的集成的单元，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述软件功能单元存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(英文：processor)执行本申请各个实施例方法的部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(英文：Read-Only Memory，简称：ROM)、随机存取存储器(英文：Random Access Memory，简称：RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种时间同步方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，所述目标PDU会话建立请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；所述目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示所述SMF向策略控制功能PCF请求获取对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，并根据所述目标虚拟专用链路信息确定目标用户面功能UPF以及生成目标转发规则；所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息，其中，所述第一接口信息指示的第一接口连接第一待同步时钟节点，所述第二接口信息指示的第二接口连接第二待同步时钟节点；
    所述终端与目标用户面功能UPF建立目标PDU会话，以通过所述目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的第一接口和第二接口传输时间同步消息，所述目标PDU会话为所述目标UPF根据目标转发规则建立的PDU会话，所述目标转发规则由所述SMF根据所述目标虚拟专用链路信息发送给所述目标UPF。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端根据路由选择策略向会话管理功能SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求之前，还包括：
    终端向接入与移动管理功能AMF发送注册请求，所述注册请求包括：终端的标识，所述注册请求用于请求所述AMF向策略控制功能PCF发送控制策略请求；
    所述终端接收所述AMF根据所述注册请求发送的应答消息，所述应答消息包括所述终端对应的路由选择策略，所述路由选择策略包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识，所述目标虚拟专用链路标识用于指示所述终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路，所述目标虚拟专用链路用于传输时间同步消息，其中，所述终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路由所述PCF根据所述终端的标识确定。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述路由选择策略还包括：至少一个接口信息、时间同步消息识别信息；
    所述终端根据路由选择策略向SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求，包括：
    所述终端通过终端侧接口接收数据后，基于所述接口信息和所述时间同步消息识别信息，根据所述路由选择策略向SMF发送目标协议数据单元PDU会话建立请求。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标转发规则为：UPF基于第一接口从PDU会话接收的时间同步消息从第二接口转发出去；基于所述第二接口接收的时间同步消息通过所述PDU会话转发至所述第一接口；或，
    UPF基于第一接口从所述PDU会话接收的时间同步消息从第二接口对应的PDU会话转发至所述第二接口；基于所述第二接口接收的时间同步消息通过所述第一接口对应的PDU会话转发至所述第一接口。
  5. 一种时间同步方法，其特征在于，包括：
    策略控制功能PCF接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求，所述目标虚拟专用链路获取请求包括：目标虚拟专用链路标识；
    所述PCF根据所述目标虚拟专用链路标识获取终端对应的目标虚拟专用链路信息，所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息，其中，所述第一接口信息指示的第一接口连接第一待同步时钟节点，所述第二接口信息指示的第二接口连接第二待同步时钟节点；
    所述PCF向所述SMF发送所述目标虚拟专用链路信息，以使所述SMF根据所述目标虚拟专用链路信息向用户面功能UPF发送目标转发规则，所述UPF根据所述目标转发规则与终端建立目标PDU会话，以通过所述目标PUD会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的第一接口和第二接口传输时间同步消息。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述策略控制功能PCF接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求之前，还包括：
    所述PCF接收接入与移动管理功能AMF根据终端的注册请求发送的控制策略请求，所述控制策略请求包括：终端的标识；
    所述PCF根据所述控制策略请求生成所述终端对应的路由选择策略；
    所述PCF向所述AMF发送所述路由选择策略，以由所述AMF转发至所述终端。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述策略控制功能PCF接收会话管理功能SMF根据目标PDU会话建立请求发送的目标虚拟专用链路获取请求之前，还包括：
    所述PCF向统一数据管理UDM发送虚拟专用链路订阅请求；
    所述PCF接收所述UDM根据所述虚拟专用链路订阅请求回复的订阅事件通知，所述订阅事件通知包括：虚拟专用链路信息，所述虚拟专用链路信息包括：接口信息、会话信息；其中，所述虚拟专用链路信息由应用功能AF请求网络开放功能NEF创建获取并发送给所述UDM。
  8. 一种时间同步方法，其特征在于，包括：
    用户面功能UPF接收SMF根据目标虚拟专用链路信息发送的目标转发规则，所述目标虚拟专用链路信息包括：第一接口信息、第二接口信息、目标PDU会话信息，其中，所述第一接口信息指示的第一接口连接第一待同步时钟节点，所述第二接口信息指示的第二接口连接第二待同步时钟节点；
    所述UPF根据所述目标转发规则与终端建立目标PDU会话，以通过所述目标PDU会话和目标虚拟专用链路信息指示的第一接口和第二接口传输时间同步消息。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：处理器、存储介质和总线，所述存储介质存储有所述处理器可执行的机器可读指令，当电子设备运行时，所述处理器与所述存储介质之间通过总线通信，所述处理器执行所述机器可读指令，以执行如权利要求1-8任一所述时间同步方法的步骤。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器运行时执行如权利要求1-8任一所述时间同步方法的步骤。
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