WO2022242495A1 - 流量控制阀 - Google Patents

流量控制阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022242495A1
WO2022242495A1 PCT/CN2022/091750 CN2022091750W WO2022242495A1 WO 2022242495 A1 WO2022242495 A1 WO 2022242495A1 CN 2022091750 W CN2022091750 W CN 2022091750W WO 2022242495 A1 WO2022242495 A1 WO 2022242495A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
tapered hole
flow control
diameter
valve core
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/091750
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
包锦峰
巫江
彼得森安德斯
Original Assignee
丹佛斯有限公司
包锦峰
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 丹佛斯有限公司, 包锦峰 filed Critical 丹佛斯有限公司
Priority to EP22803817.0A priority Critical patent/EP4343186A1/en
Priority to KR1020237039166A priority patent/KR20240009410A/ko
Priority to CA3216890A priority patent/CA3216890A1/en
Publication of WO2022242495A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022242495A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K39/00—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces
    • F16K39/02—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves
    • F16K39/022—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves using balancing surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/36—Valve members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/36—Valve members
    • F16K1/38—Valve members of conical shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/42—Valve seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/52—Means for additional adjustment of the rate of flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/0254—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves with conical shaped valve members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/029—Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K39/00—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces
    • F16K39/02—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of fluid control, in particular to a flow control valve.
  • flow control valves are widely used. Driven by the actuator, the spool of the flow control valve can open or close the valve port so as to control the opening and closing or flow regulation of the flow control valve.
  • the pressure-receiving area on the upper part of the valve core is generally set to be equal to the diameter of the valve port, and a pressure equalization passage is set in the valve core, and the lower part of the valve core (on the valve port side) ) pressure is introduced to the upper part of the spool so that the upper and lower parts of the spool have the same pressure to achieve the balance of the spool.
  • a pressure equalization passage is set in the valve core, and the lower part of the valve core (on the valve port side) ) pressure is introduced to the upper part of the spool so that the upper and lower parts of the spool have the same pressure to achieve the balance of the spool.
  • a flow control valve including: a valve body, a valve seat is provided in the valve body, and a valve port is formed on the valve seat; a valve core, the valve core can be axially Move to open or close the valve port, the valve core is provided with a pressure equalization passage connecting the valve port and the back pressure chamber; wherein, the valve core has a substantially cylindrical lower end, and the valve A tapered hole is formed in the core, the tapered hole constitutes a part of the pressure equalization passage, the bottom end of the tapered hole is located on the bottom plane of the lower end, the diameter of the bottom end of the tapered hole is the same as that of the lower end The diameter ratio is greater than 0.88.
  • the cone angle of the tapered hole is 40°-120°.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the bottom end of the tapered hole to the diameter of the lower end is 0.89-0.97.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the bottom end of the tapered hole to the diameter of the lower end is 0.92-0.96.
  • a guide hole is provided in the valve body, a guide part guided by the guide hole is provided on the valve core, and a seal is provided on one of the guide hole and the guide part , and the diameter of the guide portion is the same as that of the lower end portion.
  • the lower end further includes a transition fillet between the outer cylindrical surface of the lower end and the bottom plane of the lower end, the transition fillet is in contact with the valve seat to close the valve seat. the valve port.
  • one end of the transition fillet is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface of the lower end, and the other end of the transition fillet is tangent to the bottom plane of the lower end.
  • the valve seat portion includes a cylindrical valve port, a first conical portion, a second conical portion, and a third conical portion that are successively connected and gradually enlarged in diameter, wherein the first conical portion forms the valve core.
  • the included angle formed by the second conical portion and the axis of the valve port is smaller than the included angle formed by the third conical portion and the axis of the valve port, so as to increase with the opening of the valve core.
  • a metal-to-metal hard seal is used between the valve core and the valve seat.
  • a connecting portion is further provided between the pressure equalizing passage and the tapered hole, and the connecting portion is cylindrical and/or conical.
  • a tapered hole is provided in the valve core of the flow control valve, and the tapered hole constitutes a part of the pressure equalization passage.
  • the bottom end of the tapered hole is located on the bottom plane of the lower end of the valve core.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the bottom end of the tapered hole to the diameter of the lower end of the valve core is greater than 0.88, so that the pressure distributed at the lower part of the valve core is uniform to balance the fluid pressure at the back pressure chamber and the valve port.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating the main parts of a conventional flow control valve.
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the closed state of the flow control valve provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the valve body in Fig. 2 .
  • Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the spool in Fig. 2 .
  • the existing flow control valve 1 includes a valve body 11 and a valve core 12 .
  • the valve body 11 is provided with a valve seat portion 111 , and a valve port 112 is formed on the valve seat portion 111 .
  • the valve core 12 is disposed in the valve body 11 and located in the guide portion 13 .
  • the spool 12 can move axially along the guide portion 13 so that the spool 12 abuts against or moves away from the valve seat portion 111 so that the valve port 112 is opened or closed so as to control the opening and closing or flow regulation of the flow control valve 1 .
  • a pressure equalization passage 121 is provided in the valve core 12 to introduce the fluid at the valve port 112 into the back pressure chamber 14 .
  • the inventors of the present application found that when the fluid flows in from the valve port 112 , due to the flow characteristics of the fluid, the actual pressure of the fluid acting on the bottom plane 122 of the lower part of the valve core 12 is not uniform.
  • the fluid at the center of the lower part of the spool 12 (at A in FIG. 1 ) has a higher density and higher pressure than the fluid at the center of the lower part of the spool (at B in FIG. 1 ).
  • the pressure at the center of the lower part of the spool 12 (at A in FIG. 1 ) will flow into the back pressure chamber 14 (at C in FIG. 1 ) through the equalizing passage 121, so the pressure in the back pressure chamber 14 is consistent with that of the valve.
  • the pressure is equal at the center of the lower part of the core.
  • the pressures at the upper and lower parts of the spool 12 will generate a downward differential pressure, which will make it difficult for the spool 12 of the flow control valve 1 to achieve sufficient balance.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a flow control valve 2, which is a pressure balance flow control valve.
  • the flow control valve 2 may include a valve body 21 , a valve core 22 and an actuator 23 .
  • the valve body 21 is provided with a valve seat portion 211 and a valve chamber 212 .
  • the valve seat portion 211 may be located at a lower end of the valve body 21 , and the valve seat portion is formed with a valve port 213 .
  • a lower end of the valve port 213 has a first installation hole 214 , and a side end of the valve chamber 212 may have a second installation hole 215 .
  • valve core 22 can move axially to pass through the valve chamber 212 to abut against or move away from the valve seat portion 211 , so as to close or open the valve port 213 .
  • a pressure equalization passage 221 communicating with the valve port 213 and the back pressure chamber 24 is disposed in the valve core 22 .
  • the pressure equalizing passage 221 may be located at the center of the valve core 22 .
  • the actuator 23 may include a rotor inside the housing 231 and a stator 232 outside the housing 231.
  • the housing 231 and the valve body 21 form a closed chamber (not shown in the figure), and the actuator 23 is used to drive the valve core 22 Move along the axis.
  • the valve port 213 is in a closed state to block the flow of fluid between the valve port 213 and the valve chamber 212; when the actuator 23 drives the valve core 22 away from the valve seat
  • the valve port 213 is in an open state to allow fluid to flow between the valve port 213 and the valve chamber 212, and the opening of the valve core 22 can control the flow of fluid.
  • a first joint pipe 25 is disposed in the first installation hole 214
  • a second joint pipe 26 is disposed in the second installation hole 215 .
  • the flow direction of the fluid is the first flow direction.
  • the flow direction of the fluid is the second flow direction.
  • the valve core 22 has a substantially cylindrical lower end portion 222 , and a tapered hole 223 is formed in the valve core 22 .
  • the tapered hole 223 constitutes a part of the pressure equalization passage 221 and the bottom end of the tapered hole 223 is located on the bottom plane 224 of the lower end portion 222 .
  • the ratio of the diameter of the bottom end of the tapered hole 223 to the diameter of the lower end portion 222 is greater than 0.88.
  • the diameter of the lower end portion 222 refers to the diameter of the substantially cylindrical outer contour of the lower end portion 222 .
  • a tapered hole 223 is provided in the valve core 22 of the flow control valve.
  • the tapered hole 223 constitutes a part of the pressure equalization passage 221 , and its bottom end is located on the bottom plane 224 of the lower end of the valve core.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the bottom end of the taper hole 223 to the diameter of the lower end portion 222 of the valve core is greater than 0.88.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the opening direction and specific size of the tapered hole 223 .
  • the opening of the tapered hole 223 faces the bottom plane 224 , and the cone angle ⁇ of the tapered hole 223 is 40° ⁇ 120°.
  • the diameter of the bottom end of the tapered hole 223 is greater than the diameter of the top end of the tapered hole.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the bottom end of the tapered hole 223 to the diameter of the lower end portion 222 is 0.89 ⁇ 0.97.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the bottom end of the tapered hole 223 to the diameter of the lower end portion 222 is 0.92 ⁇ 0.96.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the bottom end of the tapered hole 223 to the diameter of the lower end portion 222 in the embodiment of the present application is 0.95.
  • the pressure equalization passage 221 may include a tapered hole 223 and a cylindrical hole with a single diameter, and the tapered hole 223 may extend from the cylindrical hole to the bottom plane 224 .
  • the equalizing passage 221 may include a cylindrical portion 225 , a connecting portion 226 and a tapered hole 223 . increase.
  • the connection part 226 may be cylindrical or conical, or may be a combination of conical and cylindrical. The connecting portion 226 can not only reduce the weight of the valve core 22 to reduce the load of the actuator 23, but also avoid the problem of high processing difficulty caused by the long cylindrical hole of the pressure equalizing passage 221.
  • the valve body 21 is provided with a guide hole 216
  • the valve core 22 is also provided with a guide portion 227 guided by the guide hole 216 .
  • a seal 27 is provided on one of the guide hole 216 and the guide portion 227, the guide portion 227 is slidably sleeved in the guide hole 216 through the seal 27, and the seal 27 can connect the back pressure chamber 24 and the valve chamber 212 for isolation.
  • the present application does not specifically limit the diameter of the guide portion 227 , for example, the diameter of the guide portion 227 may be the same as that of the lower end portion 222 of the valve core.
  • the diameter of the guide portion 227 is the same as the diameter of the lower end portion 222 of the valve core, the difference in the active area of the fluid at the back pressure chamber 24 and the valve port 213 can be reduced as much as possible, so that the upper and lower sides of the valve core can be further obtained. balance.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the structure of the guide hole 216 , as long as the guide hole 216 can guide the valve core 22 to contact or move away from the valve seat 211 along the direction of the guide hole 216 .
  • the guide hole 216 may be formed on the valve body 21 and integrally formed with the valve port 213 . Such an arrangement can directly form the guide hole 216 on the valve body 21 , so the processing method is simple and the processing cost can be greatly reduced.
  • the guide hole 216 may be provided on a separate guide which may be installed in the valve body 21 .
  • the sealing member 27 can be a sealing ring, such as an O-ring or a Y-ring, or a sealing ring coated with Teflon.
  • the seal 27 can be installed between the guide portion 227 and the guide hole 216 , and the installation groove 228 of the seal 27 can be disposed on the guide portion 227 .
  • the installation groove 228 of the sealing member 27 may also be disposed in the guide hole 216 .
  • valve core 22 can move axially to pass through the valve chamber 212 so that its lower end 222 abuts against or moves away from the valve seat 211 .
  • the lower end portion 222 can seal with the valve seat portion 211 to close the valve port 213 .
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the structure of the lower end portion 222 . In some embodiments, as shown in FIG.
  • the lower end 222 includes an outer cylindrical surface 229 at the lower end and a bottom plane 224 at the lower end, and a transition fillet 230 may be provided between the bottom plane 224 and the outer cylindrical surface 229 , the lower end portion 222 is in contact with the valve seat portion 211 through the transition fillet 230 to close the valve port 213 .
  • the transition fillet 230 and the valve seat part 211 the action area of the fluid at the valve port 213 and the action area of the fluid at the seal 27 can be as close as possible, and the transition fillet 230 makes the valve core 22 and the valve seat part 211 There is a hard seal between metal and metal to avoid the use of additional seals, thus simplifying the sealing structure.
  • the present application does not specifically limit the structure of the transition fillet 230 .
  • one end of the transition fillet 230 is tangent to the outer cylindrical surface 229 of the lower end, and the other end of the transition fillet 230 is tangent to the bottom plane 224 of the lower end. That is to say, the structure of the transition fillet 230 can always be kept as 1/4 of the full circle.
  • the side wall of the valve core 22 may have an annular groove 240 disposed around the axis of the valve core 22 , which is located between the guide portion 227 and the lower end portion 222 .
  • the arrangement of the annular groove 240 can reduce the weight of the valve core, thereby reducing the load of the actuator 23 . It can be understood that the annular groove 240 may not be provided, so that the guide portion 227 extends all the way to the lower end portion 222 .
  • valve seat portion 211 does not specifically limit the structure of the valve seat portion 211 , as long as the valve seat portion 211 cooperates with the valve core 22 to realize the opening and closing of the valve port 213 .
  • the valve seat portion 211 may include a cylindrical portion and a conical portion, the cylindrical portion forms the valve port 213 , and the conical portion is connected to the cylindrical portion to form a seating surface.
  • the conical part can be a conical part with a single conical angle, and the valve seat 212 of this kind has a simple structure and is relatively convenient to process.
  • the valve seat 212 can be composed of a cylindrical valve port 213 and a first conical portion 217, a second conical portion 218, and a first conical portion 218, which are successively connected from the cylindrical valve port 213 and whose diameter gradually expands.
  • the third conical portion 219 forms a conical portion, wherein the first conical portion 217 forms a seating surface of the valve core 22 .
  • Setting the conical parts as three conical parts with different conical angles can control the valve core 22 to provide different flows at different opening degrees.
  • the angle formed by the second cone portion 218 and the axis of the valve port 213 may be smaller than the angle formed by the third cone portion 219 and the axis of the valve port 213 to provide more precise flow control at a small opening.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Abstract

一种流量控制阀，包括：阀体(21)，所述阀体(21)中设置有阀座部(211)，所述阀座部(211)形成有阀口(112)；阀芯(12)，所述阀芯(12)可轴向移动以打开或关闭所述阀口(112)，所述阀芯(12)内设置有连通所述阀口(112)和背压室(14)的均压通路(121)；其中，所述阀芯(12)具有呈大致圆柱形的下端部(222)，且所述阀芯(12)内形成有锥孔(223)，所述锥孔(223)构成所述均压通路(121)的一部分，所述锥孔(223)的底端位于所述下端部(222)的底平面(224)上，所述锥孔(223)的底端的直径与所述下端部(222)的直径之比大于0.88。本申请在流量控制阀的阀芯(12)上设置锥孔(223)，该锥孔(223)构成均压通路(121)的一部分且锥孔(223)的底端位于阀芯(12)的下端部(222)的底平面(224)上。该锥孔(223)的尺寸的设置使得分布在阀芯(12)下部的压力取得均匀以平衡背压室(14)与阀口(112)处的流体压力。

Description

流量控制阀
本申请要求于2021年05月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110537412.9、申请名称为“流量控制阀”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及流体控制领域，特别是涉及一种流量控制阀。
背景技术
在流体控制技术领域，广泛采用流量控制阀。流量控制阀的阀芯在执行器的带动下可以使得阀口打开或者关闭进而实现对流量控制阀的开闭或者流量调节的控制。
现有压力平衡型的流量控制阀一般会将阀芯上部的受压面积与阀口的直径设置为相等，并在阀芯内设置均压通路，利用均压通路将阀芯下部(阀口侧)的压力导入至阀芯的上部从而使阀芯的上部与下部具有相同的压力，以取得阀芯的平衡。然而，由于流体的流动特性很复杂，阀芯很难取得充分的平衡。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供一种流量控制阀，包括：阀体，所述阀体中设置有阀座部，所述阀座部形成有阀口；阀芯，所述阀芯可轴向移动以打开或关闭所述阀口，所述阀芯内设置有连通所述阀口和背压室的均压通路；其中，所述阀芯具有呈大致圆柱形的下端部，且所述阀芯内形成有锥孔，所述锥孔构成所述均压通路的一部分，所述锥孔的底端位于所述下端部的底平面上，所述锥孔的底端的直径与所述下端部的直径之比大于0.88。
可选地，所述锥孔的圆锥角为40°～120°。
可选地，所述锥孔的底端的直径与所述下端部的直径之比为0.89～0.97。
可选地，所述锥孔的底端的直径与所述下端部的直径之比为0.92～0.96。
可选地，所述阀体中设置有导向孔，所述阀芯上设置有受所述导向孔引导的导向部，在所述导向孔与所述导向部中的一者上设置有密封件，且所述导向部的直径与所述下端部的直径相同。
可选地，所述下端部还包括位于所述下端部的外圆柱面与所述下端部的底平面之间的过渡圆角，所述过渡圆角与所述阀座部相接触以关闭所述阀口。
可选地，所述过渡圆角的一端与所述下端部的外圆柱面相切，所述过渡圆角的另一端与所述下端部的底平面相切。
可选地，所述阀座部包括依次相连且直径逐渐扩大的圆柱形阀口、第一圆锥部、第二圆锥部和第三圆锥部，其中所述第一圆锥部形成所述阀芯的落座面，所述第二圆锥部与所述阀口的轴线所成的夹角小于所述第三圆锥部与所述阀口的轴线所成的夹角，以随所述阀芯的开度不同而提供不同的流通面积。
可选地，所述阀芯与所述阀座部之间为金属与金属的硬密封。
可选地，所述均压通路与所述锥孔之间还设有连接部，所述连接部为圆柱状和/或圆锥状。
本申请实施例在流量控制阀的阀芯中设置锥孔，该锥孔构成所述均压通路的一部分，锥孔的底端位于阀芯的下端部的底平面上。该锥孔的底端的直径与阀芯的下端部的直径之比大于0.88，因此使得分布在阀芯下部的压力取得均匀以平衡背压室与阀口处的流体压力。
附图说明
为了便于理解本申请，在下文中基于示例性实施例并结合附图来更详细地描述本申请。在附图中使用相同或相似的附图标记来表示相同或相似的构件。应该理解的是，附图仅是示意性的，附图中的构件的尺寸和比例不一定精确。
图1是说明现有的流量控制阀的主要部分的概略结构示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的流量控制阀的闭阀状态的纵向剖视图。
图3是图2中的阀体的纵向剖视图。
图4是图2中的阀芯的纵向剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下参照附图对本申请的流量控制阀的实施方式进行说明，说明中的“上下”的概念与图中的上下对应。
如图1所示，现有的流量控制阀1包括阀体11和阀芯12。阀体11上设有阀座部111，并且阀座部111上形成阀口112。阀芯12设置在阀体11中，并位于导向部13内。阀芯12可沿着导向部13轴向移动以使阀芯12抵接或者远离阀座部111从而使得阀口112打 开或者关闭进而实现对流量控制阀1的开闭或者流量调节的控制。阀芯12内设有均压通路121以将阀口112处的流体引入至背压室14。
然而，本申请的发明人发现，当流体从阀口112处流入时，由于流体的流动特性，流体实际作用在阀芯12下部的底平面122上压力并不是均匀的。阀芯12的下部的中央处(图1中的A处)的流体相较于阀芯下部的中央处以外的区域(图1中的B处)的流体的密度较高压力较大。阀芯12的下部的中央处(图1中的A处)的压力通过均压通路121会流入至背压室14(图1中的C处)，因此背压室14的压力与所述阀芯的下部的中央处的压力相等。但是由于阀芯下部的压力的不均匀，因此阀芯12的上部和下部的压力会产生向下的差压，这会导致流量控制阀1的阀芯12很难取得充分的平衡。
为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种流量控制阀2，该流量控制阀2为压力平衡型流量控制阀。如图2所示，该流量控制阀2可以包括阀体21、阀芯22、执行部23。
结合图3可以清晰地示出，阀体21中设置有阀座部211和阀室212。阀座部211可以位于阀体21的下端，并且阀座部形成有阀口213。阀口213的下端具有第一安装孔214，阀室212侧端可具有第二安装孔215。
继续参见图2，阀芯22可轴向移动以穿过阀室212而抵接或远离阀座部211，从而可以关闭或打开阀口213。阀芯22内设置有连通阀口213和背压室24的均压通路221。均压通路221可位于阀芯22的中心处。
执行部23可包括位于壳体231内的转子和壳体231外的定子232，壳体231与阀体21形成封闭的腔室(图中未示出)，执行部23用于驱动阀芯22沿着轴向移动。当执行部23带动阀芯22抵接阀座部211时，阀口213为闭阀状态以阻断流体在阀口213与阀室212之间流动；当执行部23带动阀芯22远离阀座212时，阀口213为开阀状态以允许流体在阀口213与阀室212之间流动，并且阀芯22的开度可以控制流体的流量。
此外，在一些实施例中，如图2所示，第一安装孔214内设置有第一接头管25，第二安装孔215内设置有第二接头管26。当第一接头管25作为出口管，第二接头管26作为入口管时，流体的流动方向为第一流动方向。当第一接头管25作为入口管，第二接头管26作为出口管时，流体的流动方向为第二流动方向。
结合图4可清晰地看出，阀芯22具有呈大致圆柱形的下端部222，且阀芯22内形成有锥孔223。该锥孔223构成均压通路221的一部分且锥孔223的底端位于下端部222的底平面224上。锥孔223的底端的直径与下端部222的直径之比大于0.88，下端部222的直径指的是下端部222的呈大致圆柱形的外轮廓的直径。
本申请实施例在流量控制阀的阀芯22中设置锥孔223，该锥孔223构成均压通路221 的一部分，其底端位于阀芯的下端部的底平面224上。该锥孔223的底端的直径与阀芯的下端部222的直径之比大于0.88。通过这样的设置使得分布在阀芯22下部的阀口213处的压力尽量均匀分布，从而可以平衡背压室24与阀口213处的流体压力。这种压力的均匀化使阀芯22的上下部充分平衡的效果在上述第二流动方向的情况下最为突出。
本申请实施例对锥孔223的开口方向和具体尺寸不做具体限定。如图4所示，锥孔的223的开口朝向底平面224，锥孔223的圆锥角θ为40°～120。锥孔223的底端的直径大于锥孔的顶端的直径。锥孔223的底端的直径与下端部222的直径之比为0.89～0.97，优选地，锥孔223的底端的直径与下端部222的直径之比为0.92～0.96。特别地，本申请实施例中的锥孔223的底端的直径与下端部222的直径之比为0.95。通过将锥孔223的尺寸进行上述限定可以使得流体在背压室24和阀口213处的压力得到尽可能好的平衡。
本申请对均压通路221中锥孔223之外的部分不做具体限定。在一些实施方式中，均压通路221可以包括锥孔223和直径单一的圆柱孔，锥孔223可从此圆柱孔处起向底平面224延伸。在另一些实施方式中，如图2和图4所示，均压通路221可以包括圆柱部225、连接部226以及锥孔223，圆柱部225、连接部226以及锥孔223依次连接且直径逐渐增大。连接部226可以是圆柱状或者是圆锥状，或者还可以是圆锥状和圆柱状的结合。通过设置连接部226既可以为阀芯22减重以减轻执行部23的负载，还可以避免由于均压通路221的圆柱孔的长度太长而导致的加工难度高的问题。
如图2所示，在一些实施例中，阀体21中设置有导向孔216，阀芯22上还设置有受导向孔216引导的导向部227。在导向孔216与导向部227中的一者上设置有密封件27，导向部227通过密封件27能够滑动的套设在导向孔216中，且密封件27可以将背压室24与阀室212进行隔离。本申请对导向部227的直径不做具体的限定，例如，导向部227的直径可与阀芯的下端部222的直径相同。通过将导向部227的直径设置为与阀芯的下端部222的直径相同可以尽量减小背压室24和阀口213处的流体的作用面积之差，从而进一步的使阀芯的上下取得的平衡。
本申请实施例对导向孔216的结构不做具体的限定，只要导向孔216可以引导阀芯22沿着导向孔216的方向可以抵接或远离阀座部211即可。例如，如图3所示，导向孔216可以形成于阀体21上并与阀口213一体形成。这样的设置可以在阀体21上直接形成导向孔216，因此加工方式简单可以极大地减少加工成本。或者，导向孔216可以设置在单独的导向件上，该导向件可以安装在阀体21中。
本申请实施例对密封件27的结构和安装位置不做具体的限定。在一些实施例中密封件27可以是一种密封圈，例如O型密封圈或者Y型密封圈，或者是涂覆有特氟龙的密封 圈。另外，如图2和图3所示，密封件27可以安装在导向部227和导向孔216之间，密封件27的安装槽228可以设置在导向部227上。在另一些实施例中，密封件27的安装槽228还可以设置在导向孔216中。
通过前述内容可知，阀芯22可轴向移动以穿过阀室212而使其下端部222抵接或远离阀座部211。当下端部222接触阀座部211时，下端部222可与阀座部211密封以使阀口213关闭。本申请实施例对于下端部222的结构不做具体的限定。在一些实施例中，如图4所示，下端部222包括位于下端部的外圆柱面229以及下端部的底平面224，并且底平面224与外圆柱面229之间可设有过渡圆角230，下端部222通过过渡圆角230与阀座部211接触以关闭阀口213。通过过渡圆角230与阀座部211的配合可以使流体在阀口213处的作用面积与流体在密封件27处的作用面积尽量接近，且过渡圆角230使得阀芯22与阀座部211之间为金属与金属的硬密封，以避免使用另外的密封件，从而简化了密封结构。
本申请对于过渡圆角230的结构不做具体的限定。例如，如图4所示，过渡圆角230的一端与下端部的外圆柱面229相切，过渡圆角230的另一端与下端部的底平面224相切。也就是说过渡圆角230的结构可始终保持为整圆的1/4。
另外，在一些实施例中，如图4所示，阀芯22的侧壁上可具有环绕阀芯22的轴线设置的环形槽240，其位于导向部227与下端部222之间。环形槽240的设置可以使阀芯的重量减小，从而可以减小执行部23的负载。能够理解，也可以不设置环形槽240，而使得导向部227一直延伸到下端部222。
本申请实施例对阀座部211的结构不做具体限定，只要阀座部211和阀芯22配合能够实现对阀口213的开闭即可。例如，阀座部211可以包括圆柱部分以及圆锥部分，圆柱部分形成阀口213，圆锥部分与圆柱部分连接且形成落座面。圆锥部分可以是具有单一圆锥角度的圆锥部分，这种阀座212结构简单，加工比较方便。在另一些实施例中，如图3所示，阀座212可以由圆柱形阀口213以及从圆柱形阀口213起依次相连且直径逐渐扩大的第一圆锥部217、第二圆锥部218和第三圆锥部219共同形成的圆锥部分形成，其中第一圆锥部217形成阀芯22的落座面。将圆锥部分设置为圆锥角度各不相同的三个圆锥部可以控制阀芯22在不同的开度时提供不同的流量。例如，第二圆锥部218与阀口213的轴线所成的夹角可以小于第三圆锥部219与阀口213轴线所成的夹角，以在小开度时提供更精确的流动控制。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种流量控制阀，其特征在于，包括：
    阀体，所述阀体中设置有阀座部，所述阀座部形成有阀口；
    阀芯，所述阀芯可轴向移动以打开或关闭所述阀口，所述阀芯内设置有连通所述阀口和背压室的均压通路；
    其中，所述阀芯具有呈大致圆柱形的下端部，且所述阀芯内形成有锥孔，所述锥孔构成所述均压通路的一部分，所述锥孔的底端位于所述下端部的底平面上，所述锥孔的底端的直径与所述下端部的直径之比大于0.88。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的流量控制阀，其特征在于：所述锥孔的圆锥角为40°～120°。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的流量控制阀，其特征在于：所述锥孔的底端的直径与所述下端部的直径之比为0.89～0.97。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的流量控制阀，其特征在于：所述锥孔的底端的直径与所述下端部的直径之比为0.92～0.96。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的流量控制阀，其特征在于：所述阀体中设置有导向孔，所述阀芯上设置有受所述导向孔引导的导向部，在所述导向孔与所述导向部中的一者上设置有密封件，且所述导向部的直径与所述下端部的直径相同。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的流量控制阀，其特征在于：所述下端部还包括位于所述下端部的外圆柱面与所述下端部的底平面之间的过渡圆角，所述过渡圆角与所述阀座部相接触以关闭所述阀口。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的流量控制阀，其特征在于：所述过渡圆角的一端与所述下端部的外圆柱面相切，所述过渡圆角的另一端与所述下端部的底平面相切。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的流量控制阀，其特征在于：所述阀座部包括依次相连且直径逐渐扩大的圆柱形阀口、第一圆锥部、第二圆锥部和第三圆锥部，其中所述第一圆锥部形成所述阀芯的落座面，所述第二圆锥部与所述阀口的轴线所成的夹角小于所述第三圆锥部与所述阀口的轴线所成的夹角，以随所述阀芯的开度不同而提供不同的流通面积。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的流量控制阀，其特征在于：所述阀芯与所述阀座部之间为金属与金属的硬密封。
  10. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的流量控制阀，其特征在于：所述均压通路与所述锥孔之间还设有连接部，所述连接部为圆柱状和/或圆锥状。
PCT/CN2022/091750 2021-05-17 2022-05-09 流量控制阀 WO2022242495A1 (zh)

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CN108071839A (zh) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-25 株式会社鹭宫制作所 电动阀以及使用了该电动阀的冷冻循环系统
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JP2014035006A (ja) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-24 Saginomiya Seisakusho Inc 流量制御弁
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CN110107695A (zh) * 2018-02-01 2019-08-09 株式会社鹭宫制作所 电动阀以及冷冻循环系统

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