WO2022230658A1 - 非水電解質二次電池、及び非水電解質二次電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池、及び非水電解質二次電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022230658A1 WO2022230658A1 PCT/JP2022/017595 JP2022017595W WO2022230658A1 WO 2022230658 A1 WO2022230658 A1 WO 2022230658A1 JP 2022017595 W JP2022017595 W JP 2022017595W WO 2022230658 A1 WO2022230658 A1 WO 2022230658A1
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- secondary battery
- electrolyte secondary
- current collector
- aqueous electrolyte
- conductive layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
- H01M4/74—Meshes or woven material; Expanded metal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and a method for manufacturing the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- a secondary battery may use an electrode in which a mixture layer is formed on the surface of a current collector made of metal foil.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a negative electrode in which mesh-like projections are provided on the surface of the negative electrode current collector opposite to the surface in contact with the mixture layer in order to reduce the effects of expansion and contraction of the negative electrode due to charging and discharging. ing.
- Patent Document 1 does not take into account the deterioration of the discharge characteristics due to the thickening of the material mixture layer, and there is still room for improvement.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery with improved discharge characteristics.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes an electrode having a current collector and a mixture layer formed on the surface of the current collector and containing an active material, the current collector comprising: It is characterized by having an electronically conductive layer having voids on the surface in contact with the agent layer, and containing an electrolytic solution inside the electronically conductive layer.
- a method for manufacturing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which is one aspect of the present disclosure, is the method for manufacturing the above-described non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, wherein a clay-like mixture slurry containing an active material is applied to the electronic conductive layer, drying and rolling to form an electrode.
- a method for manufacturing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which is one aspect of the present disclosure, is the above-described method for manufacturing a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, wherein raw materials containing an active material are dry-mixed and rolled to form a sheet-shaped composite.
- the method is characterized by comprising the step of producing an agent layer, and the step of producing an electrode by bonding the mixture layer to the electronically conductive layer.
- non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that is one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to improve discharge characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a cylindrical secondary battery that is an example of an embodiment
- FIG. It is the figure which expanded a part of cross section of the electrode in an example of embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing discharge curves in Examples 1 to 3 and a comparative example
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing discharge curves in Examples 4 to 8 and a comparative example
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing discharge curves in Examples 9 and 10 and a comparative example
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing discharge curves in Example 11 and Comparative Example.
- a cylindrical battery in which a wound electrode body is housed in a cylindrical outer body is exemplified, but the electrode body is not limited to a wound type, and a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes are interposed between separators. It may be of a laminated type in which one sheet is alternately laminated on the other. Moreover, the exterior body is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be, for example, a square shape, a coin shape, or the like. It may be of a pouch type composed of a laminate sheet including a metal layer and a resin layer.
- FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a cylindrical secondary battery 10 that is an example of an embodiment.
- an electrode body 14 and a non-aqueous electrolyte (not shown) are housed in an exterior body 15 .
- the electrode body 14 has a wound structure in which the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are wound with the separator 13 interposed therebetween.
- the sealing member 16 side will be referred to as "upper”
- the bottom side of the outer package 15 will be referred to as "lower”.
- the inside of the secondary battery 10 is hermetically sealed by closing the opening end of the exterior body 15 with the sealing body 16 .
- Insulating plates 17 and 18 are provided above and below the electrode body 14, respectively.
- the positive electrode lead 19 extends upward through the through hole of the insulating plate 17 and is welded to the lower surface of the filter 22 which is the bottom plate of the sealing member 16 .
- the cap 26, which is the top plate of the sealing member 16 electrically connected to the filter 22, serves as a positive electrode terminal.
- the negative electrode lead 20 passes through the through hole of the insulating plate 18 , extends to the bottom side of the exterior body 15 , and is welded to the bottom inner surface of the exterior body 15 .
- the exterior body 15 becomes a negative electrode terminal.
- the negative electrode lead 20 When the negative electrode lead 20 is installed at the terminal end, the negative electrode lead 20 extends through the outside of the insulating plate 18 toward the bottom of the package 15 and is welded to the inner surface of the bottom of the package 15 .
- the exterior body 15 is, for example, a bottomed cylindrical metal exterior can.
- a gasket 27 is provided between the exterior body 15 and the sealing body 16 to ensure hermetic sealing of the inside of the secondary battery 10 .
- the exterior body 15 has a grooved portion 21 that supports the sealing body 16 and is formed, for example, by pressing the side portion from the outside.
- the grooved portion 21 is preferably annularly formed along the circumferential direction of the exterior body 15 and supports the sealing body 16 via a gasket 27 on its upper surface.
- the sealing body 16 has a filter 22, a lower valve body 23, an insulating member 24, an upper valve body 25, and a cap 26 which are stacked in order from the electrode body 14 side.
- Each member constituting the sealing member 16 has, for example, a disk shape or a ring shape, and each member other than the insulating member 24 is electrically connected to each other.
- the lower valve body 23 and the upper valve body 25 are connected to each other at their central portions, and an insulating member 24 is interposed between their peripheral edge portions.
- the electrodes 30 (the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12), the separator 13, and the non-aqueous electrolyte that constitute the electrode assembly 14 will be described in detail below.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of the cross section of the electrode in the example of the embodiment.
- the electrode 30 has a current collector 32 and a mixture layer 38 formed on the surface of the current collector 32 .
- the mixture layer 38 may be formed only on one side of the current collector 32 , but is preferably formed on both sides of the current collector 32 .
- the electrode 30 may be either the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12. That is, only the positive electrode 11 may have the configuration of the electrode 30, only the negative electrode 12 may have the configuration of the electrode 30, or both the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 may have the configuration of the electrode 30. good too.
- the current collector 32 has a base 34 and an electronically conductive layer 36 .
- a metal foil, a film having a metal layer formed on the surface thereof, or the like can be used for the base portion 34 .
- a metal foil containing aluminum as a main component can be used for the base portion .
- a metal foil containing copper as a main component can be used for the base portion 34 .
- the main component means a component with the highest mass ratio.
- Base 34 may be substantially 100% aluminum aluminum foil or substantially 100% copper copper foil.
- the current collector 32 may be composed of only the electronically conductive layer 36 without having a base. When the current collector 32 has a base, the thickness of the base 34 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the current collector 32 has an electronic conductive layer 36 on the surface in contact with the mixture layer 38 .
- the current collector 32 has an electronic conductive layer 36 on at least one side of the current collector 32 .
- the electronically conductive layer 36 has voids and contains an electrolytic solution. This promotes circulation of the electrolytic solution while conducting electrons, thereby improving discharge characteristics.
- the electronic conductive layer 36 is, for example, a wire mesh.
- the mesh fineness of the wire mesh is not particularly limited as long as the electrolytic solution can be circulated, and is, for example, 80 to 200 mesh.
- the mesh represents the number of meshes in 1 inch (25.4 mm).
- the thickness of the lines forming the mesh is, for example, 20 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the wire mesh is, for example, 40 ⁇ m to 180 ⁇ m.
- the material of the wire mesh is not particularly limited as long as it is durable against the electrolytic solution, but examples include platinum (Pt) and stainless steel.
- Stainless steel is preferably SUS316 from the viewpoint of durability.
- the electronic conductive layer 36 may be a stack of multiple wire meshes. This allows the mesh to be adjusted.
- the electronic conductive layer 36 is, for example, a metal fiber sheet.
- the thickness of the metal fiber sheet is, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, and the porosity of the metal fiber sheet is, for example, 50% or more.
- the porosity of the metal fiber sheet may be 95% or less.
- the porosity of the metal fiber sheet can be calculated, for example, based on the apparent volume and weight of the metal fiber sheet and the true density of the metal fibers.
- the material of the metal fiber sheet is not particularly limited as long as it is durable against the electrolytic solution, but it is stainless steel, for example.
- Stainless steel is preferably SUS316 from the viewpoint of durability.
- the electron conductive layer 36 may be a convex portion formed on the surface of the current collector 32 in contact with the mixture layer 38 . That is, the electronically conductive layer 36 may be configured by the projections formed on the surface of the base 34 . It is preferable that the convex portions are evenly arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions on the surface of the base portion 34 .
- the vertical and horizontal intervals of the projections are not particularly limited, but are, for example, 1 mm to 10 mm. Further, the width of the convex portion is, for example, 50 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, and the height of the convex portion is, for example, 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the mixture layer 38 contains an active material.
- the thickness of the mixture layer 38 is preferably 50 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, more preferably 80 ⁇ m to 220 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 100 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of increasing capacity. The greater the thickness of the mixture layer 38, the more remarkable the effect of the present embodiment.
- the mixture layer 38 may contain a conductive agent and a binder in addition to the active material.
- a lithium-transition metal composite oxide is generally used as the positive electrode active material (positive electrode active material).
- Metal elements contained in the lithium-transition metal composite oxide include Ni, Co, Mn, Al, B, Mg, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Zr, Nb, In, Sn , Ta, W, and the like. Among them, it is preferable to contain at least one of Ni, Co, and Mn.
- the active material of the negative electrode include natural graphite such as flake graphite, massive graphite, and earthy graphite; artificial graphite such as massive artificial graphite (MAG) and graphitized mesophase carbon microbeads (MCMB); A carbon-based active material is used.
- a Si-based active material or the like that is alloyed with lithium may be used as the negative electrode active material.
- the active material is the main component of the mixture layer 38, and the content of the active material in the mixture layer 38 is preferably 85% by mass to 99% by mass, more preferably 90% by mass to 99% by mass. is.
- the positive electrode active material is, for example, secondary particles formed by aggregating multiple primary particles.
- the particle size of the primary particles that make up the secondary particles is, for example, 0.05 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- the particle size of primary particles is measured as the diameter of the circumscribed circle in a particle image observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- the secondary particles of the positive electrode active material are particles having a volume-based median diameter (D50) of, for example, 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 7 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- D50 means a particle size at which the cumulative frequency is 50% from the smaller particle size in the volume-based particle size distribution, and is also called median diameter.
- the particle size distribution of the positive electrode active material can be measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (eg MT3000II manufactured by Microtrack Bell Co., Ltd.) using water as a dispersion medium.
- Examples of the conductive agent contained in the mixture layer 38 include carbon materials such as carbon black (CB), acetylene black (AB), ketjen black, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and graphite. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- binder contained in the mixture layer 38 examples include fluororesins such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimide resins, acrylic resins, and polyolefin resins. . These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. These resins may be used in combination with cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or salts thereof, polyethylene oxide (PEO), and the like.
- fluororesins such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimide resins, acrylic resins, and polyolefin resins. . These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. These resins may be used in combination with cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or salts thereof, polyethylene oxide (PEO), and the like.
- CMC carboxy
- the manufacturing method of the electrode 30 includes, for example, placing a clay-like mixture mass containing an active material on the electronic conductive layer 36 and rolling it to manufacture an electrode.
- a mixture lump can be produced by kneading an active material, a conductive agent, a binder, and the like.
- another method for manufacturing the electrode 30 includes, for example, a mixture layer preparation step of dry-mixing raw materials including an active material and rolling to prepare a sheet-like mixture layer 38; and a lamination step of laminating to layer 36 to create electrode 30 .
- the raw material preferably contains a fibrous binder.
- a fibrous binder is, for example, fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- the fibrous binder is a dry powder, not a powder dispersed in a dispersion such as water.
- the mixture layer 38 can be produced by a dry process including dry mixing.
- the dry process is a process in which the active material, binder, conductive agent, etc. are mixed without using a solvent. They are mixed in a state of being substantially 100%.
- the mixture layer 38 may contain a binder such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) that does not fibrillate.
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the active material and a fibrous binder are mixed to prepare mixture particles having a solid content concentration of substantially 100%, and then the mixture particles are rolled into a sheet.
- the mixture layer 38 is produced by molding.
- the electrode 30 is produced by bonding the mixture layer 38 to the electronic conductive layer 36 .
- the bonding step for example, the current collector 32 and the mixture layer 38 are passed between two rolls in a state in which the electronically conductive layer 36 and the mixture layer 38 face each other, and linear pressure is applied to form the electrode. 30 is made.
- a porous sheet having ion permeability and insulation is used for the separator 13 .
- porous sheets include microporous thin films, woven fabrics, and non-woven fabrics.
- polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, cellulose, and the like are suitable.
- the separator 13 may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.
- a layer of resin having high heat resistance such as aramid resin and a filler layer containing inorganic compound filler may be provided on the surface of the separator 13 .
- the non-aqueous electrolyte contains a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent.
- non-aqueous solvents examples include esters, ethers, nitriles such as acetonitrile, amides such as dimethylformamide, and mixed solvents of two or more thereof.
- the non-aqueous solvent may contain a halogen-substituted product obtained by substituting at least part of the hydrogen atoms of these solvents with halogen atoms such as fluorine.
- halogen-substituted compounds include fluorinated cyclic carbonates such as fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), fluorinated chain carbonates, and fluorinated chain carboxylates such as methyl fluoropropionate (FMP).
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- FMP fluorinated chain carboxylates
- esters examples include cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) and butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), methyl propyl carbonate. , Ethyl propyl carbonate, Methyl isopropyl carbonate, and other chain carbonates; ⁇ -Butyrolactone (GBL), ⁇ -Valerolactone (GVL), and other cyclic carboxylic acid esters; ), and chain carboxylic acid esters such as ethyl propionate.
- cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) and butylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- EMC diethyl carbonate
- methyl propyl carbonate methyl propyl carbonate
- Ethyl propyl carbonate Methyl isoprop
- ethers examples include 1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4 -dioxane, 1,3,5-trioxane, furan, 2-methylfuran, 1,8-cineol, cyclic ethers such as crown ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether , dihexyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, methyl phenyl ether, ethyl phenyl ether, butyl phenyl ether, pentyl phenyl ether, methoxytoluene, benzyl ethyl ether, diphenyl ether, cycl
- the electrolyte salt is a lithium salt.
- lithium salts include LiBF4 , LiClO4, LiPF6 , LiAsF6 , LiSbF6 , LiAlCl4 , LiSCN , LiCF3SO3 , LiCF3CO2 , Li ( P ( C2O4 ) F4 ), LiPF 6-x (C n F 2n+1 ) x (1 ⁇ x ⁇ 6, n is 1 or 2), LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiCl, LiBr, LiI, lithium chloroborane, lithium lower aliphatic carboxylate, Li 2 B 4O7 , borates such as Li( B ( C2O4 )F2), LiN( SO2CF3 ) 2 , LiN( C1F2l + 1SO2 ) ( CmF2m +1SO2 ) ⁇ l , where m is an integer of 0 or more ⁇ .
- Lithium salts may be used singly or in combination. Of these, it is preferable to use LiPF 6 from the viewpoint of ion conductivity, electrochemical stability, and the like.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is preferably, for example, 0.8 mol to 1.8 mol per 1 L of the non-aqueous solvent.
- Example 1 [Preparation of positive electrode current collector] A Pt network serving as both a base and an electronically conductive layer was prepared and used as a positive electrode current collector.
- the mesh fineness of the Pt net is 80 mesh, and the thickness of the Pt net is 170 ⁇ m.
- Positive electrode active material particles made of LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 , carbon black (CB), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were mixed in a mixer at a mass ratio of 98:1:1. and mixed to prepare positive electrode mixture particles. After that, the positive electrode mixture particles were passed between two rolls and rolled to form a positive electrode mixture layer having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
- a negative electrode was obtained by cutting the lithium foil into a predetermined electrode size.
- Ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) were mixed in a volume ratio of 20:75:5 to obtain a non-aqueous solvent.
- An electrolytic solution was obtained by dissolving LiPF6 in this non-aqueous solvent at a concentration of 1.3 mol/L.
- Test cell The electrode body in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged so as to face each other with a polypropylene separator interposed therebetween, and the electrolytic solution are housed in a cup-shaped battery case, and a gasket is provided at the opening of the battery case.
- a test cell was produced by sealing the battery case with a sealing plate through the hole.
- Example 2 A test cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that two sheets of Pt mesh were bonded together to produce a positive electrode current collector.
- Example 3 A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that three sheets of Pt mesh were bonded together to prepare a positive electrode current collector.
- Example 4 A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a SUS mesh (material: SUS316) was used as the positive electrode current collector.
- the mesh fineness of the SUS net was 150 mesh, and the thickness of the SUS net was 110 ⁇ m.
- Example 5 A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the mesh size of the SUS net used in the positive electrode current collector was set to 200 mesh.
- Example 6 A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the mesh size of the SUS net used in the positive electrode current collector was 300 mesh.
- Example 7 A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the mesh size of the SUS net used in the positive electrode current collector was 400 mesh.
- Example 8 A test cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the mesh size of the SUS net used in the positive electrode current collector was set to 635 mesh.
- Example 9 A test cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a positive electrode current collector obtained by bonding a SUS fiber sheet (material: SUS316) to one side of an Al foil was used.
- the thickness of the SUS fiber was 20 ⁇ m, and the porosity of the SUS fiber was 63%.
- Example 10 A test cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 9, except that the SUS fiber sheet used in the positive electrode current collector had a thickness of 100 ⁇ m and a porosity of 89%.
- Example 11 A test cell was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that, as the positive electrode current collector, a SUS316 foil having stripe-shaped protrusions as an electronic conductive layer formed on the base was used. The height of the protrusions was 30 ⁇ m, the interval between stripes was 5 mm, and the thickness of the base was 30 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 A test cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a flat SUS316 plate was used as the positive electrode current collector.
- FIG. 3 shows the results for the current collector using the Pt net
- FIG. 4 shows the results for the current collector using the SUS net
- FIG. 5 shows the results for the current collector using the SUS fiber sheet.
- FIG. 6 shows the results for a current collector having projections. In any of FIGS. 3 to 6, data of comparative examples are shown for comparison.
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Abstract
Description
まず、図2を参照しつつ、電極30について説明する。図2は、実施形態の一例における電極の断面の一部を拡大した図である。電極30は、集電体32と、集電体32の表面に形成される合剤層38と、を有する。合剤層38は、集電体32の一方の面のみに形成されてもよいが、好ましくは集電体32の両面に形成される。
セパレータ13には、イオン透過性及び絶縁性を有する多孔性シートが用いられる。多孔性シートの具体例としては、微多孔薄膜、織布、不織布等が挙げられる。セパレータ13の材質としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、セルロースなどが好適である。セパレータ13は、単層構造であってもよく、積層構造を有していてもよい。また、セパレータ13の表面には、アラミド樹脂等の耐熱性の高い樹脂層、無機化合物のフィラーを含むフィラー層が設けられていてもよい。
非水電解質(電解液)は、非水溶媒と、非水溶媒に溶解した電解質塩とを含む。非水溶媒には、例えばエステル類、エーテル類、アセトニトリル等のニトリル類、ジメチルホルムアミド等のアミド類、及びこれらの2種以上の混合溶媒等を用いることができる。非水溶媒は、これら溶媒の水素原子の少なくとも一部をフッ素等のハロゲン原子で置換したハロゲン置換体を含有していてもよい。ハロゲン置換体としては、フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)等のフッ素化環状炭酸エステル、フッ素化鎖状炭酸エステル、フルオロプロピオン酸メチル(FMP)等のフッ素化鎖状カルボン酸エステルなどが挙げられる。
[正極集電体の作製]
基部と電子導電層を兼ねるPt網を準備し、正極集電体とした。Pt網の網目の細かさは、80メッシュであり、Pt網の厚みは、170μmである。
LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2からなる正極活物質粒子と、カーボンブラック(CB)と、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)とを、98:1:1の質量比で混合機に投入し、混合処理して、正極合剤粒子を作製した。その後、正極合剤粒子を2つのロールの間に通して圧延し、厚み100μmの正極合剤層を作製した。
上記正極合剤層を上記正極集電体上に配置した状態で、2つのロールを用いて、正極集電体と正極合剤層をプレスした後、所定の電極サイズに切断して、正極を得た。
リチウム箔を所定の電極サイズに切断して、負極を得た。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)とジメチルカーボネート(DMC)とエチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)とを、20:75:5の体積比で混合して、非水溶媒を得た。この非水溶媒に、LiPF6を、1.3mol/Lの濃度で、溶解させることによって、電解液を得た。
上記正極と、上記負極とを、ポリプロピレン製セパレータを介して互いに対向するように配置した電極体及び上記電解液を、カップ形状の電池ケースに収容し、電池ケースの開口部に配設されガスケットを介して電池ケースを封口板により密封することにより、試験セルを作製した。
正極集電体において、Pt網を2枚貼り合わせて正極集電体を作製したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
正極集電体において、Pt網を3枚貼り合わせて正極集電体を作製したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
正極集電体において、SUS網(材質:SUS316)を正極集電体として用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。なお、SUS網の網目の細かさは、150メッシュであり、SUS網の厚みは、110μmであった。
正極集電体において、用いるSUS網の網目の細かさを200メッシュにしたこと以外は、実施例4と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
正極集電体において、用いるSUS網の網目の細かさを300メッシュにしたこと以外は、実施例4と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
正極集電体において、用いるSUS網の網目の細かさを400メッシュにしたこと以外は、実施例4と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
正極集電体において、用いるSUS網の網目の細かさを635メッシュにしたこと以外は、実施例4と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
Al箔の片面にSUS繊維シート(材質:SUS316)を貼り合わせたものを正極集電体として用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。なお、SUS繊維の厚みは、20μmであり、SUS繊維の空孔率は、63%であった。
正極集電体において、用いるSUS繊維シートの厚みを100μm、空孔率を89%としたこと以外は、実施例9と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。
正極集電体として、基部上に電子導電層である凸部がストライプ状に形成されたSUS316箔を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、試験セルを作製した。なお、凸部の高さは30μmであり、ストライプの間隔は5mmであり、基部の厚みは30μmであった。
正極集電体として、平板状のSUS316板を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして試験セルを作製した。
実施例及び比較例の各試験セルを、25℃の温度環境下、0.05Cの定電流で電池電圧が4.5Vになるまで充電を行った。その後、0.7Cの定電流で電池電圧が2.5Vになるまで放電を行った。
Claims (8)
- 集電体と、
前記集電体の表面に形成され、活物質を含む合剤層と、を有する電極を備え、
前記集電体は、前記合剤層と接する面に空隙を有する電子導電層を有し、前記電子導電層の内部には電解液が存在する、非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記電子導電層は、金網である、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記金網の網目の細かさは、80~200メッシュである、請求項2に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記電子導電層は、金属繊維シートである、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記金属繊維シートの厚みは、10μm~200μmであり、前記金属繊維シートの空孔率は、50%以上である、請求項4に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記電子導電層は、前記集電体の前記合剤層と接する面に形成された凸部である、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の非水電解質二次電池の製造方法であって、
前記電子導電層に前記活物質を含む粘土状の合剤塊を乗せ、圧延して前記電極を作製するステップを含む、非水電解質二次電池の製造方法。 - 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の非水電解質二次電池の製造方法であって、
前記活物質を含む原材料を乾式混合し、圧延してシート状の前記合剤層を作製するステップと、
前記合剤層を前記電子導電層に貼り合わせることにより前記電極を作製するステップと、を含む、非水電解質二次電池の製造方法。
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JP2013214456A (ja) * | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-17 | Toyota Industries Corp | 蓄電装置、二次電池及び蓄電装置の製造方法並びに蓄電装置用電極の製造方法 |
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JPS60124369A (ja) * | 1983-12-08 | 1985-07-03 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解質2次電池の負極 |
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JP2016192380A (ja) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-10 | 株式会社Nbcメッシュテック | リチウムイオン二次電池用の集電体 |
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