WO2022224966A1 - ６種混合液状ワクチン組成物 - Google Patents

６種混合液状ワクチン組成物 Download PDF

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WO2022224966A1
WO2022224966A1 PCT/JP2022/018211 JP2022018211W WO2022224966A1 WO 2022224966 A1 WO2022224966 A1 WO 2022224966A1 JP 2022018211 W JP2022018211 W JP 2022018211W WO 2022224966 A1 WO2022224966 A1 WO 2022224966A1
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adjuvant
hbs
prp
dpt
aluminum
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
駿 山下
達哉 白井
和広 大門
智博 簑田
慎二 赤▲崎▼
香奈衣 石川
春菜 岩田
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KM Biologics Co Ltd
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KM Biologics Co Ltd
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Priority to EP22791737.4A priority Critical patent/EP4327820A4/en
Priority to MYPI2023006322A priority patent/MY208608A/en
Priority to US18/287,248 priority patent/US12268738B2/en
Priority to CN202280029659.2A priority patent/CN117177768A/zh
Priority to JP2023515483A priority patent/JP7526880B2/ja
Priority to KR1020237036232A priority patent/KR102861088B1/ko
Publication of WO2022224966A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022224966A1/ja
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vaccines used for pediatric vaccination, including Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), and Hepatitis B (HepB). ) for the production of a stable liquefied formulation of a 6-kind combination vaccine.
  • Inactivated pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine DPT
  • measles-rubella vaccine measles-rubella vaccine
  • HepB hepatitis B
  • mumps vaccine varicella vaccine
  • Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine HAV
  • IPV inactivated polio
  • Quattrovac registered trademark
  • Tetrabik registered trademark
  • DPT pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine
  • Square Kids registered trademark
  • These 4-type mixed vaccines are liquid preparations in which formaldehyde-inactivated antigens are adsorbed to aluminum adjuvants.
  • Quattrovac and Tetrabik use an inactivated Sabin strain, which is an attenuated strain of poliovirus, while Square Kids uses an inactivated wild (very virulent) strain (Salk (Salk Co., Ltd.) is used.
  • Alk very virulent strain
  • aluminum adjuvants are used because they are less prone to side reactions, and aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate are known.
  • a 5-type combined vaccine is under development by adding Hib antigen (polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate: PRP) for Hib vaccine to these 4-type combined vaccines.
  • Hib antigen polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate: PRP
  • PRP polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate
  • the technical problem is the binding and retention of the PRP conjugated to the carrier protein, that is, the suppression of detachment. disclosed.
  • Example 6 of this document does not describe a specific manufacturing method, Non-Patent Document 1 has a detailed description.
  • P pertussis antigen
  • diphtheria toxoid D
  • tetanus toxoid T
  • the poliovirus is then purified and formalin inactivated (IPV).
  • IPV formalin inactivated
  • the final mixture of these is the DPT-IPV adjuvant, and by adding PRP conjugated to tetanus toxoid (T) (PRP-T conjugate), five types of DPT-IPV-Hib Combination vaccines can be prepared (Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 1).
  • a 6-type mixed vaccine consisting of DPT-IPV-Hib-HBs, which is a combination of the above 5-type mixed vaccine and the hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen for hepatitis B vaccine
  • HBs hepatitis B surface antigen for hepatitis B vaccine
  • Infanrix-Hexa is a kit preparation consisting of a solution of formaldehyde-inactivated DPT-IPV-HBs adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide adjuvant and a lyophilized product of PRP as a Hib antigen adsorbed to aluminum phosphate adjuvant.
  • Hexacima/Hexyon and Vaxelis are liquid preparations in which antigens inactivated with formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde are adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide adjuvant.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a 6-kind mixed liquid vaccine containing DPT-IPV-Hib-HBs (these antigens are adsorbed to aluminum salts). Patent Document 2 also states that Hib antibody titers conjugated to tetanus protein tend to lose their immunogenicity over time when PRP is adsorbed to aluminum salts.
  • WO 2005/020003 also discloses that the addition of anions, especially phosphate, carbonate or citrate ions, prevents the removal of Hib antigen (PRP) from aluminum hydroxide oxide. It has been described that it can be prevented and maintain its immunogenicity.
  • Patent Document 3 also has a similar description.
  • Patent Document 4 describes that the addition of anions desorbs the HBs antigen when the HBs antigen is adsorbed on aluminum oxide hydroxide.
  • Patent Document 4 in a six-type mixed liquid vaccine containing aluminum hydroxide, HBs antigen, and Hib antigen conjugated with a carrier protein, HBs antigen remains adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide oxide, but Hib antigen is adsorbed.
  • a method for preparing a liquid combination vaccine has been disclosed. In the method for preparing the liquid combination vaccine disclosed in Patent Document 4, first, the HBs antigen is adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide oxide to obtain the HBs antigen/aluminum hydroxide oxide complex, and then the cation is added at a concentration of at least 100 mg/L.
  • a method of preparation comprising mixing HBs antigen/aluminum hydroxide oxide complex with Hib antigen in the presence of amino acids and phosphate ions at a concentration of 35-45 mmol/L.
  • the adsorption rate of HBs antigen to aluminum gel was 95-98% at the time of preparation, and the adsorption rate of HBs antigen in the 5°C storage stability test was 88-91% after 9 months.
  • the non-adsorption of PRP to aluminum gel was 20.0-22.6 ⁇ g/mL at the time of preparation, and the non-adsorption of PRP in the 5°C storage stability test was confirmed. was 23-27.0 ⁇ g/mL at 9 months and 19.9-23.9 ⁇ g/mL at 22 months, showing little change.
  • the object of the present invention is to liquefy a six-component mixed vaccine consisting of DPT-IPV-Hib-HBs, in which the HBs antigen is stably adsorbed and retained on an aluminum adjuvant, and the Hib antigen PRP is stably retained on a carrier protein. It is to provide formulations.
  • the present inventors found that by optimizing the final added phosphoric acid concentration and pH, the HBs antigen is stably adsorbed and retained on the aluminum adjuvant, and the PRP is stably retained.
  • the present inventors have found that the present invention has been completed.
  • the present invention includes the following.
  • Stabilization of a hexavalent vaccine against Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Hepatitis B (HepB) including the following steps:
  • a method for producing a liquefied formulation (1) mixing diphtheria toxoid (D) and tetanus toxoid (T) with aluminum adjuvant to produce DT adjuvant; (2) mixing hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen with the DT adjuvant obtained in step (1) to produce DT-HBs adjuvant; (3) mixing pertussis antigen (P) with the DT-HBs adjuvant obtained in step (2) to produce DPT-HBs adjuvant; (4) mixing the DPT-HBs adjuvant obtained in step (3) with inactivated poliovirus (IPV) to produce DPT-IPV-HBs adjuvant; (5) After adding a succinate phosphate buffer
  • step (5) succinate phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) is added so that the added phosphoric acid concentration is 2 to 8 mmol / L in terms of final concentration
  • step (5) succinate phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) is added so that the added phosphoric acid concentration is 2 to 8 mmol / L in terms of final concentration
  • step (5) succinate phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) is added so that the added phosphoric acid concentration is 2 to 8 mmol / L in terms of final concentration
  • step (5) succinate phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) is added so that the added phosphoric acid concentration is 2 to 8 mmol / L in terms of final concentration
  • a stable six-component mixed vaccine liquefied formulation having an HBs antigen adsorption rate to an aluminum adjuvant of 99% or more and a free PRP content of Hib bound to a carrier protein of less than 20% is obtained. becomes possible.
  • a stable liquefied formulation of a hexavalent vaccine produced by the method of the present invention can provide a sufficient antibody titer (immunogenicity) against the 6 bacteria or viruses required for vaccination.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a method for producing a stable liquefied preparation of a 6-kind mixed vaccine according to the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a 6-type combined vaccine against Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Hepatitis B (HepB), comprising the following steps: It relates to a method for producing a stable liquefied preparation, and a stable liquid vaccine composition having an HBs antigen adsorption rate to an aluminum adjuvant of 99% or more and a free PRP content of Hib bound to a carrier protein of less than 20%.
  • aluminum phosphate gel As the aluminum adjuvant, it is preferable to use aluminum phosphate gel as the aluminum adjuvant.
  • aluminum hydroxide (synonymous with aluminum hydroxide oxide) is also known as an aluminum adjuvant.
  • Aluminum phosphate gel is preferably used to obtain a stable liquid vaccine composition with a free PRP content of less than 20% of Hib antigen.
  • the amount of aluminum adjuvant to be added is in the range of 200 to 400 ⁇ g/dose, but is not limited thereto.
  • the adsorption rate of the PRP-T conjugate bound to the carrier protein to the aluminum phosphate gel is preferably 30% or less.
  • each of the six combined vaccines for Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Hepatitis B (HepB) Diphtheria toxoid (D), tetanus toxoid (T), hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen, pertussis antigen (P), inactivated poliovirus (IPV) and PRP as Hib antigen are used as antigens.
  • PRP as Hib antigen for example, a PRP-T conjugate can be used.
  • Step (1) diphtheria toxoid (D) and tetanus toxoid (T) are adsorbed onto aluminum adjuvant to produce DT adjuvant.
  • aluminum adjuvant it is preferable to use an aluminum phosphate gel as described above.
  • the WHO standard requires tetanus toxoid to have a purity exceeding 1,000 Lf (Limit of flocculation)/mgPN.
  • the standard for Hib conjugate vaccines in the European Pharmacopoeia (EP) is >1,500 Lf/mgPN.
  • Methods for purifying tetanus toxoid include ammonium sulfate precipitation, trichloroacetic acid precipitation, column chromatography (gel filtration chromatography, affinity chromatography), salting out, dialysis, and the like.
  • Step (2) In step (2), hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen is mixed with the DT adjuvant obtained in step (1) and left at 15-30°C for 40-96 hours to produce DT-HBs adjuvant.
  • HBs hepatitis B surface
  • Step (3) In step (3), the DT-HBs adjuvant obtained in step (2) is mixed with pertussis antigen (P) to produce DPT-HBs adjuvant.
  • P pertussis antigen
  • Step (4) In step (4), the DPT-HBs adjuvant obtained in (3) is mixed with inactivated poliovirus (IPV) to produce DPT-IPV-HBs adjuvant.
  • IPV inactivated poliovirus
  • Step (5) a succinate phosphate buffer is added to the DPT-IPV-HBs adjuvant obtained in step (4), and then PRP as a Hib antigen, such as a PRP-T conjugate, is added to obtain DPT.
  • PRP as a Hib antigen such as a PRP-T conjugate
  • the purpose of adding the succinate phosphate buffer in step (5) is to adjust the concentration of the final added phosphoric acid according to the amount of aluminum adjuvant added. That is, succinate phosphate buffer solution (pH 5.5) is added so that the added phosphate concentration is 2 to 8 mmol/L in terms of final concentration.
  • succinate phosphate buffer pH 5.5
  • succinate phosphate buffer pH 5.5
  • succinate phosphate buffer pH 5.5
  • succinate phosphate buffer pH 5.5
  • succinate phosphate buffer pH 5.5
  • a PRP conjugate in which PRP and a carrier protein are bound can be used as PRP, which is a Hib antigen.
  • Antibodies against PRP, the Hib capsular polysaccharide, are known to be effective in protecting against Hib infection. The effect is insufficient for infants under 18 months of age. Therefore, a conjugate vaccine that is T cell-dependent by conjugating (binding) a carrier protein to PRP has been developed and used for infants.
  • PRP conjugates in which a polysaccharide such as PRP is bound to a carrier protein are known.
  • PRP conjugates can be prepared by known conjugation techniques. For example, PRP can be attached via a thioether bond.
  • PRP is activated with 1-cyano-4-(dimethylamino)pyridine tetrafluoroborate (CDAP) to form a cyanate ester.
  • CDAP 1-cyano-4-(dimethylamino)pyridine tetrafluoroborate
  • the PRP activated in this way can be conjugated directly or via a spacer group to the amino group of the carrier protein.
  • a cyanate ester is coupled with hexanediamine and the amino-derivatized polysaccharide and carrier protein are conjugated by heteroligation chemistry involving the formation of a thioether bond.
  • the conjugates can be prepared by reductive amination methods.
  • Yet another method involves coupling adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH)-derivatized cyanogen bromide (CNBr)-activated polysaccharides to carrier proteins via carbodiimide condensation.
  • ADH adipic acid dihydrazide
  • CBr cyanogen bromide
  • PRP used here may be PRP having a lower molecular weight than native PRP, as described in Patent Document 1.
  • Carrier proteins include tetanus toxoid, pertussis toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, CRM197, a gene variant of diphtheria toxoid, non-capsular Haemophilus influenza D antigen, and meningitis group B outer membrane protein (OMP).
  • a typical carrier protein for PRP conjugates is tetanus toxoid.
  • tetanus toxoid When tetanus toxoid is used as a carrier protein, its purity should be at least 1,000 Lf/mgPN, which is the WHO standard. In the method of the present invention, the higher the purity of the tetanus toxoid the better, preferably between 2,500 and 3,500 Lf/mgPN. More preferably 2,900 to 3,300 Lf/mgPN.
  • Step (6) In step (6), if the pH of the DPT-IPV-Hib-HBs adjuvant obtained in step (5) is not in the range of 5.4-5.9, a pH adjuster is added to adjust the pH to 5.4-5.9. .
  • the pH of the final product In order to obtain a stable liquid vaccine composition in which the HBs antigen adsorption rate to aluminum adjuvant is 99% or more and the free PRP content of Hib antigen bound to the carrier protein is less than 20%, the pH of the final product is adjusted to It should be in the range of 5.4 to 5.9. If the pH of the final product is not within this range, the desired free PRP content of Hib cannot be obtained.
  • the free PRP content can be measured by the method described in Non-Patent Documents 2-4 and Patent Document 4.
  • the measurement of free PRP content in the present invention was performed by the method described in Example 3 of Patent Document 1.
  • adsorption of HBs antigen to an aluminum adjuvant can be performed by the methods described in Patent Document 4, Non-Patent Document 5, and the like.
  • the amount of HBs antigen adsorbed to the aluminum adjuvant in the present invention was calculated by subtracting the content of HBs antigen in the supernatant from the total content of HBs antigen.
  • the total content of HBs antigen was determined by dissolving the aluminum adjuvant with a chelating agent such as citric acid, using Tosoh's automated enzyme immunoassay device AIA-360 and Tosoh's hepatitis B virus surface antigen kit.
  • a chelating agent such as citric acid
  • Tosoh's automated enzyme immunoassay device AIA-360 and Tosoh's hepatitis B virus surface antigen kit was determined by centrifugation, the supernatant containing unadsorbed HBs antigen was recovered, and analyzed using Tosoh's automatic enzyme immunoassay device and Tosoh's hepatitis B virus surface antigen kit HBsAg. was measured using The temperature conditions for the long-term storage test when examining the stability should be 5 ⁇ 3°C or 10°C or less to avoid freezing. Alternatively, stability may be evaluated accelerated under higher temperature conditions.
  • the method for producing a stable liquefied formulation of the 6-kind combination vaccine according to the present invention is performed by steps (1) to (6) as described above, but the DTP-IPV 4-kind combination vaccine (precipitated and purified pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus-inactivated Inactivated poliovirus (Salk-IPV) in polio (Sabin strain) combined vaccine; for example, "Quattrovac (registered trademark)" manufactured by KM Biologics Co., Ltd.) or precipitated and purified pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus combined vaccine (KM Biologics Co., Ltd.) It can also be applied to the production of a 5-kind mixed vaccine prepared by adding a PRP conjugate to a mixture of
  • the composition conditions of the stable liquefied preparation are as follows.
  • Aluminum gel Aluminum concentration 200-400 ⁇ g/dose HBs: 5-10 ⁇ g/dose pH: 5.4-6.2
  • Final added phosphoric acid Adjusted according to the amount of aluminum Aluminum amount is 400 ⁇ g/dose: 6 to 8 mM 300 ⁇ g/dose of aluminum: 3-6 mM 200 ⁇ g/dose of aluminum: 2-6 mM (If IPV is Sabin strain, add 1.5 mM to the above concentration)
  • the present invention also provides a stable liquefied preparation of a hexa-valent vaccine obtained by the method for producing a stable liquefied preparation of a hexa-valent vaccine according to the present invention.
  • Aluminum phosphate adjuvant was used as an adjuvant.
  • An HBs antigen was added to the obtained 5-type mixed vaccine to obtain a 6-type mixed vaccine consisting of DPT-IPV-Hib-HBs.
  • the HBs adsorption rate of the obtained 6-kind mixed vaccine was examined, it was found to be less than 10%, indicating that the HBs antigen was not adsorbed to the adjuvant.
  • a 5-kind mixed vaccine was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
  • the HBs vaccine obtained by adsorbing the HBs antigen to an aluminum phosphate adjuvant was mixed with the obtained 5-type mixed vaccine to obtain a 6-type mixed vaccine consisting of DPT-IPV-Hib-HBs.
  • the HBs adsorption rate of the HBs antigen to the adjuvant and the free PRP content rate of the HBs antigen adjuvant were examined, the HBs adsorption rate of the HBs antigen to the adjuvant was improved to 96% or more, but it was still insufficient. , the free PRP content also increased to more than 25%.
  • a 5-kind mixed vaccine was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
  • the HBs vaccine obtained by adsorbing the HBs antigen to an aluminum phosphate adjuvant was mixed with the obtained 5-type mixed vaccine to obtain a 6-type mixed vaccine consisting of DPT-IPV-Hib-HBs.
  • the aluminum phosphate content was 300 ⁇ g/dose, and the final concentration of phosphoric acid added was 2 mmol/L.
  • the HBs adsorption rate to the HBs antigen adjuvant and the free PRP content rate of the obtained 6-type mixed vaccine were examined, the HBs adsorption rate improved to 99% or more, but the free PRP content rate increased to 60% or more. did.
  • FIG. 1 shows a production scheme of a method for producing a stable liquefied preparation of a 6-kind mixed vaccine according to the present invention.
  • a stable liquefied formulation of a six-kind mixed vaccine was prepared as follows with an aluminum phosphate content of 300 ⁇ g/dose.
  • Adsorption of diphtheria toxoid and tetanus toxoid to aluminum phosphate gel Diphtheria toxoid and tetanus toxoid (diphtheria: 600 Lf/mL, tetanus: 31.2 Lf/mL, 1/4 of the prepared amount) were mixed with aluminum phosphate gel (final concentration 1.8 mg/mL) and adsorbed. The adsorbed material was used as precipitated diphtheria tetanus.
  • Adsorption of undiluted HBs to precipitated diphtheria-tetanus 25-50 ⁇ g/mL of HBs antigen (1/5 amount of precipitated diphtheria-tetanus) was added to the precipitated diphtheria-tetanus and allowed to stand at 15-30° C. for 40-96 hours to adsorb HBs.
  • Table 1 shows the composition of the 6-kind mixed liquid vaccine preparation (DPT-IPV-Hib-HBs) obtained at this time.
  • DPT-IPV-Hib-HBs 6-kind mixed liquid vaccine preparation
  • the control group inoculated with a combination of approved drugs shown as a ratio to simultaneous inoculation.
  • a combination of approved drugs Quattrovac (registered trademark: KM Biologics Inc.), Beamgen (registered trademark: KM Biologics Inc.), ActHIB (registered trademark: Sanofi Pasteur) shown as a ratio to simultaneous inoculation).
  • the composition of aluminum amount 100 ⁇ g/dose and HBs amount: 5 ⁇ g/dose
  • the antibody titer after priming was higher than the control group, but showed a low value of about 0.2 after boosting.
  • the ratio to the control group showed a value of 1 or more after boosting for all doses of HBs.
  • Antibody titers other than HBs were all equal to or higher than those of the control group, so only No. 3 in Table 3 is shown in Table 4.
  • the free PRP content and the adsorption rate of HBs were examined.
  • the conditions that satisfy the HBs adsorption rate of 99% or more and the free PRP content rate of less than 20% are as follows: when the amount of aluminum is 400 ⁇ g/dose, the amount of added phosphoric acid is 5 to 8 mmol/L, and the amount of aluminum is 300 ⁇ g/dose.
  • the amount of added phosphoric acid was 3 to 6 mmol/L at 200 ⁇ g/dose of aluminum, and 2 to 6 mmol/L at 200 ⁇ g/dose of aluminum.
  • Tables 8 and 9 show changes in HBs adsorption rate and free PRP content during storage at 5 ⁇ 3°C for the 6-kind mixed liquid preparation obtained in Example 1, respectively.
  • the six-kind mixed liquefied preparation produced according to the method of the present invention had an HBs antigen adsorption rate to aluminum adjuvant of 99% even after storage at 5 ⁇ 3°C for 24 months. % or more and the free PRP content of Hib was less than 20%, indicating a stable liquid vaccine composition.
  • No.1 the test was completed in 9 months.
  • the present invention is useful in the field of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the field of vaccines.

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WO1996037222A1 (fr) 1995-05-24 1996-11-28 Pasteur Merieux Serums Et Vaccins Composition vaccinale comprenant du polyribosylribitol phosphate et son procede de fabrication
WO1999013906A1 (en) 1997-09-15 1999-03-25 Pasteur Merieux Msd Multivalent vaccines
JP2015533148A (ja) * 2012-10-12 2015-11-19 グラクソスミスクライン バイオロジカルズ ソシエテ アノニム 混合ワクチン用の架橋されていない無細胞百日咳抗原
JP2017203043A (ja) 2012-01-17 2017-11-16 サノフィ パスツール エスエー 水酸化酸化アルミニウムへ吸着可能な少なくとも２種類の抗原を含有するワクチンの調製方法
WO2018074296A1 (ja) 2016-10-20 2018-04-26 一般財団法人化学及血清療法研究所 低分子化ＰＲＰを用いたＨｉｂコンジュゲートワクチンの製造方法

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WO1996037222A1 (fr) 1995-05-24 1996-11-28 Pasteur Merieux Serums Et Vaccins Composition vaccinale comprenant du polyribosylribitol phosphate et son procede de fabrication
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VACCINE, vol. 12, no. 8, 1994, pages 700 - 706

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