WO2022222749A1 - Visual pool boiling experiment system and working method therefor - Google Patents

Visual pool boiling experiment system and working method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222749A1
WO2022222749A1 PCT/CN2022/085279 CN2022085279W WO2022222749A1 WO 2022222749 A1 WO2022222749 A1 WO 2022222749A1 CN 2022085279 W CN2022085279 W CN 2022085279W WO 2022222749 A1 WO2022222749 A1 WO 2022222749A1
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boiling
pool boiling
pool
condenser
observation chamber
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PCT/CN2022/085279
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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赵忠超
杨珊
陈正超
杨岷
徐海佳
龚慧芝
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江苏科技大学
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Publication of WO2022222749A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222749A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
    • G01N25/08—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering of boiling point
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of energy heat exchange, in particular to a visualization pool boiling experiment system and a working method thereof.
  • the application number is 201910820552.X
  • the invention patent titled "A Large Container Boiling Experiment System” discloses an experimental system that can observe various boiling stages of pool boiling, including a computer, a power adjustment console, a sealed chamber and Data acquisition module.
  • a low-boiling liquid working medium is filled in a closed chamber, and a film-like boiling state can be achieved at a lower temperature, and the whole process of observing the boiling of a large container can be realized.
  • this invention uses a transparent boiling chamber, you can see the difference in the boiling state of each stage, but it is difficult to accurately observe and record the bubble movement in the violent boiling state with the naked eye without the aid of an auxiliary light source, so this invention is only applicable to It is a preliminary cognitive experiment on the phenomenon of boiling; in addition, the liquid working medium condensed on the surface of the cooling coil is simply dropped into the liquid pool, which will cause certain damage to the movement of the bubbles in the liquid pool; and the patent The boiling of the liquid working medium occurs in a closed chamber, and the pressure in the system cannot be stabilized without a pressure regulating device; finally, this patent can only use a low-boiling liquid working medium, which limits the experimental conditions and cannot keep the liquid working. Bit height, a factor affecting bubble behavior, remained consistent during the experiment.
  • the application number is 201610477989.4, and the invention patent titled "A Visualized Large Vessel Boiling Experimental Device” discloses an experimental device for directly observing the bubble growth process and various jet phenomena on the heating wire, including the bracket and the heating wire fixed adjustment mechanism, water bath heating mechanism, high-speed camera and scanning electron microscope.
  • the invention studies the boiling performance of the open boiling pool by means of water bath heating and electric heating wire heating, and then captures the bubble behavior through a high-speed camera and a scanning electron microscope.
  • the boiling pool of the invention is directly connected to the atmosphere, no condensation module is added, and the steam generated by boiling is directly discharged into the environment, so that the liquid working medium needs to be continuously supplemented, which disturbs the stable boiling state and wastes experimental consumables; in addition,
  • both the scanning electron microscope and the high-speed camera are used to capture the motion of boiling bubbles, and the two experimental equipments are repeated, which makes the experimental system complicated.
  • the working conditions are limited, and it is impossible to input a wide range of heat flux density, and the heat flux density of the electric heating wire heating method is not uniform.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a visual pool boiling experiment system, which can meet the requirements of visually collecting bubble kinetic data and obtaining convective heat transfer coefficients in the boiling process, and can operate stably with high efficiency. Relatively simple, with a small initial investment. And provides the working method of the system.
  • a visual pool boiling experiment system including a pool boiling subsystem, a cooling cycle subsystem, and a data acquisition subsystem.
  • Cavity, electric heating rod, base, insulation layer, insulation layer, gasket, voltage regulator, electrical parameter measuring instrument, electric heating rod, heat source cavity, insulation layer, insulation layer arranged in sequence from inner circumference to outer circumference are respectively connected with the base
  • the upper surface is connected, the test bottom plate is attached to the upper surface of the heat source cavity in the inner ring of the insulating layer, and the pool boiling observation chamber is installed on the top surface of the test bottom plate.
  • the periphery is arranged on the top surface of the test bottom plate, and the upper cover is installed in the circumferential direction of the top of the pool boiling observation chamber.
  • the electrical parameter measuring instrument is connected with the electric heating rod
  • the voltage regulator is connected with the electrical parameter measuring instrument
  • the cooling circulation subsystem includes reverse osmosis membrane, condenser, condensing coil, pressure gauge, air outlet valve, circulating pump, cooler, and liquid outlet valve.
  • the condenser is installed on the top of the pool boiling observation chamber, with reverse osmosis between them.
  • Membrane, the inlet a and outlet b of the condenser coil are connected in sequence with the liquid outlet valve, the cooler and the circulating pump, the pressure gauge is connected with the condenser, the air outlet valve is connected with the pressure gauge, and the liquid outlet c of the condenser is connected to the The pool boiling observation room is connected;
  • the data acquisition subsystem includes a temperature sensor, data storage, multi-channel inspection instrument, LED light source, and high-speed camera. At least one temperature sensor is installed on the test base plate and inside the pool boiling observation chamber. The quasi-pool boiling observation room is installed on its side, the temperature sensor is connected with the multi-channel inspection instrument, and the data memory is connected with the multi-channel inspection instrument.
  • a group of condensed liquid working medium reflux channels are arranged in the wall of the pool boiling observation chamber, the channels have various lengths, and the entrance of each channel is flush with the top surface of the pool boiling observation chamber.
  • the pool boiling observation chamber is made of transparent heat-resistant material
  • the test bottom plate and the heat source cavity are all thermal conductors
  • the upper cover, base and gasket are made of polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the thermal insulation layer is made of aerogel
  • the insulating layer is made of PTFE.
  • the material is rubber.
  • the contact surface between the test base plate and the heat source cavity is a concave-convex mating surface
  • the upper part of the heat source cavity is provided with a flange disk for bolts to pass through
  • the heat source cavity is provided with a plurality of electric heating rods along its axial direction.
  • the cylindrical deep hole is provided with at least one electric heating rod.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane is installed on the pool boiling observation chamber inclined downward.
  • the outlet valve is an automatic pressure regulating valve
  • the condensing coil is installed in the condenser
  • the cooler is an air-cooled heat exchanger
  • the high-speed camera is equipped with a microscope head.
  • the LED light source is provided with a light diffuser.
  • the temperature sensor is PT100 type temperature sensor; the temperature sensor placed in the pool boiling observation chamber is below the liquid working fluid level; the temperature sensor placed in the channel of the test bottom plate is coated with a thermally conductive material.
  • a working method of the above-mentioned visualization pool boiling experiment system comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Turn on the voltage regulator, its output power is measured and displayed by the electrical parameter measuring instrument, and the input voltage of the electric heating rod is changed by gradually adjusting the voltage regulator from small to large, thereby changing the corresponding heat flux density; The heat dissipated is transferred upward, and the temperature is transferred to the test bottom plate through the heat source cavity, and then the boiling starts. The bubble movement phenomenon in each boiling stage can be observed and recorded through the transparent pool boiling observation room;
  • Step 2 The steam generated by the boiling of the liquid working medium enters the condenser through the reverse osmosis membrane, absorbs the cooling water and condenses into droplets. The droplets fall on the inclined reverse osmosis membrane, and are removed by the condenser under the action of gravity. The liquid outlet c is discharged to the boiling observation chamber for reflux;
  • Step 3 Use the outlet valve to adjust the pressure in the boiling observation room.
  • the boiling phenomenon in Step 1 begins, open the outlet valve, and the cooling water from the cooler enters the condenser through the inlet a, and boils in the cooling coil.
  • the obtained steam conducts heat exchange, and the cooling water is discharged from the condenser through the outlet b after obtaining the heat to increase the temperature, and finally returns to the cooler to transfer the heat to the surrounding air, and the temperature of the cooling water after the temperature rises decreases;
  • Step 4 When the boiling phenomenon in Step 1 begins, turn on the high-speed camera, and firstly adjust the position and intensity of the LED light source to ensure the best imaging effect.
  • the channel inspection instrument collects data and saves it in the data memory to ensure that the stable boiling state is achieved under different heating powers, and then select the appropriate frame rate corresponding to the high-speed camera through the data memory in the stable boiling state. Capture visualizations of bubble dynamics for further analysis.
  • the heat flow density is more uniform and more suitable for the actual situation; and the test bottom plate has a strong replaceability, and the research on the factors affecting the boiling performance is not limited to the liquid working medium. It can also be extended to different heat exchange surfaces;
  • the steam can pass through the reverse osmosis membrane and then enter the condenser, absorb the cooling water and liquefy into droplets, and the droplets will follow the inclined reaction under the action of gravity.
  • the permeable membrane moves, and the condenser is discharged from the liquid outlet c;
  • the condensed liquid working medium is controlled to return to the liquid pool through different condensed liquid working medium reflux channels, so that from high to low
  • the liquid level in the low range can be kept consistent during the boiling process, and the disturbance effect of the condensed liquid working medium returning to the liquid pool on the boiling liquid working medium can be minimized;
  • the present invention solves the problem of collecting and processing bubble behavior during the pool boiling experiment, the present invention has practical engineering significance, can be referenced by engineers, and has considerable application prospects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
  • a visual pool boiling experiment system includes a pool boiling subsystem, a cooling cycle subsystem, and a data acquisition subsystem.
  • the pool boiling subsystem includes a nut 1, an upper cover 2, a pool boiling observation chamber 3, and a bolt 4.
  • the electric heating rod 8, the heat source cavity 7, the insulation layer 10, and the insulating layer 11 are respectively connected to the upper surface of the base 9, the test bottom plate 6 is attached to the upper surface of the heat source cavity 7 in the inner circle of the insulating layer 11, and the pool boiling observation chamber 3 is installed on the top surface of the test bottom plate 6,
  • the gasket 5 is provided between the contact surfaces of the two
  • the gasket 12 is arranged on the top surface of the test bottom plate 6 at the periphery of the pool boiling observation chamber 3
  • the upper cover 2 is installed on the top of the pool boiling observation chamber
  • One end of the bolts 4 is threaded through the gasket 12, the test bottom plate 6, and the heat source cavity 7 in sequence, and the other end is threaded through the upper cover 2 and is respectively connected by nuts 1.
  • the electrical parameter measuring instrument 23 is connected with the electric heating rod 8
  • the voltage regulator 22 is connected with the electrical parameter measuring instrument 23 .
  • the cooling circulation subsystem includes a reverse osmosis membrane 14, a condenser 15, a condenser coil 16, a pressure gauge 17, an outlet valve 18, a circulating pump 19, a cooler 20, and a liquid outlet valve 21.
  • the condenser 15 is installed in the pool boiling observation chamber 3 On the top, there is a reverse osmosis membrane 14 between the two, and the reverse osmosis membrane 14 is installed inclined downward.
  • the inlet a and the outlet b of the condensing coil 16 of the condenser 15 are sequentially connected to the liquid outlet valve 21, the cooler 20, the circulation
  • the pump 19 and the pressure gauge 17 are connected to the condenser 15
  • the outlet valve 18 is connected to the pressure gauge 17
  • the liquid outlet c of the condenser 15 is communicated with the pool boiling observation chamber 3 .
  • the reverse osmosis membrane 14 is installed obliquely, and only allows the gas to pass through, so that the steam can pass through the reverse osmosis membrane 14 and enter the condenser 15, absorb the cooling water and liquefy into droplets, and the droplets follow the inclined direction under the action of gravity.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane 14 moves and is discharged from the condenser 15 from the liquid outlet c.
  • the pool boiling observation chamber 3 is made of transparent and heat-resistant materials, preferably quartz glass.
  • quartz glass The characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient and high temperature resistance of quartz glass meet the requirements of the pool boiling chamber 3 for high temperature resistance; in addition, the high light transmission of 93% quartz glass It is mostly used in photoconductive communication and optical instruments, so it can also meet the requirements of visual shooting in this experiment; a group of condensed liquid working medium reflux channels are processed in the wall of pool boiling observation chamber 3, and this group of channels has various lengths, and among them
  • Each channel inlet is flush with the top surface of the pool boiling observation chamber 3, that is, all channel inlets are flush with the upper end surface of the pool boiling observation chamber 3, and the channel outlets are set at different heights.
  • the cooperation of the liquid inlets of each channel in the wall of the pool boiling observation chamber 3 controls the condensed liquid working medium to return to the liquid pool through different condensed liquid working medium return channels, so that the liquid level in the range from high to low can be While maintaining consistency during the boiling process, the disturbance effect of the condensed liquid working medium returning to the liquid pool on the boiling liquid working medium can be minimized.
  • the data acquisition subsystem includes a temperature sensor 13, a data storage 24, a multi-channel inspection instrument 25, an LED light source 26, and a high-speed camera 27.
  • At least one temperature sensor 13 is installed on the test base plate 6 and inside the pool boiling observation chamber 3, respectively.
  • the light source 26 and the high-speed camera 27 are respectively installed on the side of the boiling observation chamber 3 through the brackets.
  • the test base plate 6 and the heat source cavity 7 are selected as excellent thermal conductors, preferably red copper.
  • Red copper is an excellent thermal conductor, and at the same time has good stability, can well resist the corrosion of the surrounding environment, and is inexpensive and easy to process;
  • the test base plate 6 There are through holes for bolts 4 to connect around, and the side in contact with the heat source cavity 7 is machined with a groove for placing the temperature sensor 13;
  • the upper part of the body 7 is provided with a flange disk for the bolts 4 to pass through.
  • the heat source cavity 7 is provided with a plurality of cylindrical deep holes along its axial direction for placing the electric heating rod 8, and the electric heating rod 8 is provided with at least one.
  • the upper cover 2, the base 9 and the gasket 12 are selected from materials with high temperature resistance and chemical stability, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • Polytetrafluoroethylene has excellent corrosion resistance and chemical stability.
  • the mechanical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene Soft and easy to machine into the shape needed for the experimental part.
  • the insulating layer 10 is selected from a material with good heat insulation effect, preferably aerogel, and the insulating layer 11 is selected from an insulating material, preferably rubber. performance.
  • the outlet valve 18 is an automatic pressure regulating valve, which can conduct experiments on pool boiling under different pressures, and further expand the research on the factors affecting the boiling performance.
  • the condensing coil 16 is installed in the condenser 15 to condense the steam into a liquid working medium; the cooler 20 is a heat exchanger, preferably an air-cooled heat exchanger, and discharges the heat absorbed by the cooling water into the environment in time.
  • the high-speed camera 27 should be equipped with a microscope head, which can conduct 360° all-round observation of the test bottom plate 6 in the radial direction, visualize the behavior of bubble movement, and fully explain the relationship between bubble behavior and boiling performance from a mechanism.
  • the LED light source 26 should be equipped with a light diffuser, and different light and dark areas on the test surface have different reflection strengths of light.
  • this experiment uses the Rembrandt light method, adding light diffusion The emitter softens the light.
  • the temperature sensor 13 selects a temperature sensor that is resistant to high temperature and waterproof, preferably a PT100 temperature sensor; the temperature sensor 13 is placed in the pool boiling observation room 3, and the temperature sensor 13 is located below the liquid working fluid level for measuring the temperature of the liquid working fluid;
  • the temperature sensor 13 in the channel of the bottom plate 6 is coated with a thermally conductive material, preferably thermally conductive silicone grease, for measuring the temperature of the test bottom plate 6, and the average value of the temperature of the test bottom plate 6 and the water temperature is taken as a reference.
  • the working method of the above-mentioned visualization pool boiling experiment system includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 This step is realized by the pool boiling subsystem. First, after the test bottom plate 6 and the heat source cavity 7 are installed and matched, under the action of the bolt 4 and the nut 1, the upper cover 2 applies pressure to the pool boiling observation chamber 3 to make it. It is in close contact with the gasket 5 to prevent the working fluid from leaking out of the pool boiling observation chamber 3.
  • the voltage regulator 22 After the voltage regulator 22 is turned on, its output power is measured and displayed by the electrical parameter measuring instrument 23, and the input voltage of the electric heating rod 8 is changed by gradually adjusting the voltage regulator 22 from small to large, thereby changing the corresponding heat flux density;
  • the addition of the base 9 , the thermal insulation layer 10 , the insulating layer 11 and the gasket 12 ensures that the heat radiated by the electric heating rod 8 is more effectively transferred upward, and the temperature is transferred to the test base plate 6 through the heat source cavity 7 . Then the boiling starts, and the bubble movement phenomenon in each boiling stage can be observed and recorded through the transparent pool boiling observation chamber 3 .
  • Step 2 This step is realized by the cooling circulation subsystem.
  • the steam generated by the boiling of the liquid working medium passes through the reverse osmosis membrane 14 and enters the condenser 15, absorbs the cooling water and condenses into droplets, and the droplets fall on the inclined reverse osmosis.
  • the membrane 14 is discharged from the liquid outlet c of the condenser 15 under the action of gravity.
  • the automatic pressure regulating valve is opened to connect the system with the outside atmosphere and release a part of the steam, so as to stabilize the pressure in the system and realize the boiling experiment of liquid working medium under different pressures.
  • the liquid outlet valve 21 is adjusted to a suitable opening degree, and an appropriate cooling water temperature is selected.
  • the liquid outlet valve 21 is opened, and the cooling water from the cooler 20 enters the condenser 15 from the inlet a, and exchanges heat with the steam obtained from the boiling in the cooling coil 16. After the cooling water obtains heat and raises the temperature The condenser 15 is discharged from the outlet b, and finally returns to the cooler 20 to transfer the heat to the surrounding air, and the temperature of the cooling water after the temperature rises decreases.
  • Step 3 This step is implemented by the data acquisition subsystem.
  • the position and intensity of the LED light source 26 are first debugged to ensure the best imaging effect.
  • the data is collected by the multi-channel inspection instrument 25 and stored in the data memory 24 to ensure that the stable boiling state is achieved under different heating powers.
  • a suitable frame rate corresponding to the high-speed camera 27 is selected through the data storage 24 to capture a visual image of the bubble dynamics for further analysis.
  • Steps 1 to 3 can be performed synchronously or sequentially or interspersed.
  • the system does not limit the type of liquid working medium; and with the help of high-speed cameras and LED light sources, it can perform 360 radial measurements on the test surface. °All-round observation, visualizing the behavior of bubble movement, fully explaining the relationship between bubble behavior and boiling performance from a mechanism; this system can also make various liquid levels consistent during the boiling process, and at the same time, The condensed liquid working medium that refluxes into the liquid pool will minimize the disturbance of the boiling liquid working medium; in addition, the pressure regulating device set in the system can realize the boiling experiment of the liquid working medium under different pressures.
  • the system adds a condensing subsystem, which can not only condense and return the vapor after vaporization of the liquid to the observation chamber of the pool boiling, but also select the reflux channel of the condensed liquid working medium according to the required liquid level, so as to reduce the disturbance of the reflux liquid working medium to the bubbles.
  • the system uses a high-speed camera equipped with a microscope, and a single device has the ability to collect and process bubble dynamics data, without the need for redundant adjustment brackets, which greatly simplifies the complexity of the experimental system;
  • the input power of the heating and thermal insulation subsystem used in the system has a wide range, covering the heat flux density required for each boiling stage, and the application of the heat flux density is more uniform and closer to the actual situation;
  • the pressure regulating device set in this system can realize Boiling experiments of liquid working fluids at different pressures, not limited to the standard atmospheric pressure of open boiling pools.

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Abstract

A visual pool boiling experiment system and a working method therefor, the experiment system comprising a pool boiling subsystem, a cooling cycle subsystem, and a data acquisition subsystem. The experiment system is suitable for visual boiling experiments of various liquid working mediums under different pressures, and is not only able to directly observe boiling phenomena at various stages on a test bottom plate (6), but can also obtain kinetic parameters of bubble generation, growth, merging and detachment processes by means of a high-speed camera (27), and can effectively eliminate disturbances to the dynamic performance of pool boiling bubbles due to changes in the liquid level of a boiling pool, thereby providing a reliable technical means for experimental research on bubble dynamics of pool boiling heat transfer.

Description

一种可视化池沸腾实验系统及其工作方法A visual pool boiling experiment system and its working method 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及能源换热技术领域，尤其是涉及一种可视化池沸腾实验系统及其工作方法。The invention relates to the technical field of energy heat exchange, in particular to a visualization pool boiling experiment system and a working method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
未来的技术产品将会越来越多地集成在具有更高热负荷的紧凑空间中，如果产生的热负荷无法得到及时地释放，设备的故障率将呈指数倍增加，从而导致工作性能和效率的降低。这促使着人们寻求更好的散热解决方案，以确保设备稳定运行。在严峻的工业发展形势下，沸腾传热是一种有效的去除高热流密度的方法，能够将物体表面温度维持在所定范围内，对沸腾特性的研究有助于改善能源使用过程，提高利用效率。气泡的行为是影响沸腾性能的关键因素，所以，研发一种能够采集气泡动力学数据的可视化池沸腾实验系统已经迫在眉睫。Future technology products will be increasingly integrated in compact spaces with higher thermal loads, and if the generated thermal loads cannot be released in a timely manner, the failure rate of equipment will increase exponentially, resulting in poor performance and efficiency. reduce. This drives people to seek better cooling solutions to ensure stable device operation. Under the severe industrial development situation, boiling heat transfer is an effective method to remove high heat flux density, which can maintain the surface temperature of objects within a certain range. The study of boiling characteristics is helpful to improve the energy use process and improve the utilization efficiency. . The behavior of bubbles is a key factor affecting the boiling performance, so it is urgent to develop a visual pool boiling experimental system that can collect bubble kinetic data.
申请号为201910820552.X，名称为“一种大容器沸腾实验系统”的发明专利，公开了一种可以观察池沸腾各个沸腾阶段的实验系统，包括计算机、功率调节主控台、密封腔室和数据采集模块。该发明在密闭腔室内填充了低沸点的液体工质，可以在较低温度下达到膜态沸腾状态，实现观察大容器沸腾的全过程。该发明虽然采用透明沸腾腔室，可以看到各阶段沸腾状态的不同，但是在不借助辅助光源的情况下仅凭肉眼难以准确观察并记录剧烈沸腾状态下的气泡运动情况，因此该发明只适用于对沸腾现象的初步认知性实验；此外，该发明在冷却盘管表面被冷凝的液体工质只是简单的滴落进液池，会对液池内气泡的运动造成一定的破坏；而且该专利液体工质沸腾发生在密闭腔室中，在没有设置压力调节装置装置的情况下也无法稳定系统内压力；最后，该专利只能使用低沸点液体工质，限制了实验条件，且无法保持液位高度这一影响气泡行为的因素在实验过程中保持一致。The application number is 201910820552.X, and the invention patent titled "A Large Container Boiling Experiment System" discloses an experimental system that can observe various boiling stages of pool boiling, including a computer, a power adjustment console, a sealed chamber and Data acquisition module. In the invention, a low-boiling liquid working medium is filled in a closed chamber, and a film-like boiling state can be achieved at a lower temperature, and the whole process of observing the boiling of a large container can be realized. Although this invention uses a transparent boiling chamber, you can see the difference in the boiling state of each stage, but it is difficult to accurately observe and record the bubble movement in the violent boiling state with the naked eye without the aid of an auxiliary light source, so this invention is only applicable to It is a preliminary cognitive experiment on the phenomenon of boiling; in addition, the liquid working medium condensed on the surface of the cooling coil is simply dropped into the liquid pool, which will cause certain damage to the movement of the bubbles in the liquid pool; and the patent The boiling of the liquid working medium occurs in a closed chamber, and the pressure in the system cannot be stabilized without a pressure regulating device; finally, this patent can only use a low-boiling liquid working medium, which limits the experimental conditions and cannot keep the liquid working. Bit height, a factor affecting bubble behavior, remained consistent during the experiment.
申请号为201610477989.4，名称为“一种可视化大容器沸腾实验装置”的发明专利，公开了一种直接观察到加热丝上气泡生长过程和各种射流现象的实验装置，包括支架、加热丝固定调节机构、水浴加热机构、高速摄像机和扫描电镜。该发明对敞开式沸腾池进行水浴加热和电加热丝加热方式研究池沸腾性能，再通过高速摄像机和扫描电镜捕捉气泡行为。该发明的沸腾池与大气直接相通，没有添加冷凝模块，沸腾产生的蒸汽直接排放到环境之中，如此一来需要不停的补充液体工质，扰乱稳定沸腾状态的同时浪费实验耗材；另外，该发明中扫描电镜和高速摄像机的作用都是拍摄沸腾产生气泡的运动方式，两个实验器材作用重复，使得实验系统复杂；最后，该发明采用的水浴加热与电加热丝加热方式，水浴加热研究工况受限，无法输入大范围的热流密度，而电加热丝加热方式热流密度不均匀。The application number is 201610477989.4, and the invention patent titled "A Visualized Large Vessel Boiling Experimental Device" discloses an experimental device for directly observing the bubble growth process and various jet phenomena on the heating wire, including the bracket and the heating wire fixed adjustment mechanism, water bath heating mechanism, high-speed camera and scanning electron microscope. The invention studies the boiling performance of the open boiling pool by means of water bath heating and electric heating wire heating, and then captures the bubble behavior through a high-speed camera and a scanning electron microscope. The boiling pool of the invention is directly connected to the atmosphere, no condensation module is added, and the steam generated by boiling is directly discharged into the environment, so that the liquid working medium needs to be continuously supplemented, which disturbs the stable boiling state and wastes experimental consumables; in addition, In this invention, both the scanning electron microscope and the high-speed camera are used to capture the motion of boiling bubbles, and the two experimental equipments are repeated, which makes the experimental system complicated. The working conditions are limited, and it is impossible to input a wide range of heat flux density, and the heat flux density of the electric heating wire heating method is not uniform.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
发明目的：针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，能够满足可视化采集沸腾过程中气泡动力学数据和得到对流传热系数的要求，同时可以高效率稳定运行，且系统相对简单，初步投资较小。并提供了该系统的工作方法。Purpose of the invention: In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a visual pool boiling experiment system, which can meet the requirements of visually collecting bubble kinetic data and obtaining convective heat transfer coefficients in the boiling process, and can operate stably with high efficiency. Relatively simple, with a small initial investment. And provides the working method of the system.
技术方案：一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，包括池沸腾子系统、冷却循环子系统、数据采集子系统，池沸腾子系统包括螺母、上盖、池沸腾观察室、螺栓、垫圈、测试底板、热源腔体、电加热棒、底座、保温层、绝缘层、垫片、调压器、电参数测量仪，由内周至外周依次设置的电加热棒、热源腔体、保温层、绝缘层分别与底座上表面连接，测试底板在绝缘层内圈中与热源腔体上表面贴合，池沸腾观察室安装于测试底板顶面，两者的接触面之间设置有垫圈，垫片在池沸腾观察室外围设置于测试底板顶面，上盖安装于池沸腾观察室顶部的周向，池沸腾观察室周向设有多个螺栓，螺栓一端依次穿设垫片、测试底板、热源腔体，另一端穿设于上盖并分别通过螺母对应连接，电参数测量仪与电加热棒连接，调压器与电参数测量仪连接；Technical solution: a visual pool boiling experiment system, including a pool boiling subsystem, a cooling cycle subsystem, and a data acquisition subsystem. Cavity, electric heating rod, base, insulation layer, insulation layer, gasket, voltage regulator, electrical parameter measuring instrument, electric heating rod, heat source cavity, insulation layer, insulation layer arranged in sequence from inner circumference to outer circumference are respectively connected with the base The upper surface is connected, the test bottom plate is attached to the upper surface of the heat source cavity in the inner ring of the insulating layer, and the pool boiling observation chamber is installed on the top surface of the test bottom plate. The periphery is arranged on the top surface of the test bottom plate, and the upper cover is installed in the circumferential direction of the top of the pool boiling observation chamber. There are multiple bolts in the circumferential direction of the pool boiling observation chamber. On the upper cover and correspondingly connected through nuts, the electrical parameter measuring instrument is connected with the electric heating rod, and the voltage regulator is connected with the electrical parameter measuring instrument;
冷却循环子系统包括反渗透膜、冷凝器、冷凝盘管、压力表、出气阀、循环泵、冷却器、出液阀，冷凝器安装于池沸腾观察室顶部，两者之间设有反渗透膜，冷凝器的冷凝盘管的进口a及出口b之间依次连接出液阀、冷却器、循环泵，压力表与冷凝器连接，出气阀与压力表连接，冷凝器的出液口c与池沸腾观察室连通；The cooling circulation subsystem includes reverse osmosis membrane, condenser, condensing coil, pressure gauge, air outlet valve, circulating pump, cooler, and liquid outlet valve. The condenser is installed on the top of the pool boiling observation chamber, with reverse osmosis between them. Membrane, the inlet a and outlet b of the condenser coil are connected in sequence with the liquid outlet valve, the cooler and the circulating pump, the pressure gauge is connected with the condenser, the air outlet valve is connected with the pressure gauge, and the liquid outlet c of the condenser is connected to the The pool boiling observation room is connected;
数据采集子系统包括温度传感器、数据存储器、多通道巡检仪、LED光源、高速摄像机，温度传感器在测试底板上以及池沸腾观察室内部分别至少安装有一个，LED光源、高速摄像机分别通过支架对准池沸腾观察室安装于其侧方，温度传感器与多通道巡检仪连接，数据存储器与多通道巡检仪连接。The data acquisition subsystem includes a temperature sensor, data storage, multi-channel inspection instrument, LED light source, and high-speed camera. At least one temperature sensor is installed on the test base plate and inside the pool boiling observation chamber. The quasi-pool boiling observation room is installed on its side, the temperature sensor is connected with the multi-channel inspection instrument, and the data memory is connected with the multi-channel inspection instrument.
进一步的，池沸腾观察室壁内设有一组冷凝液体工质回流通道，该组通道具有多种长度，且其中每个通道入口均与池沸腾观察室顶面平齐。Further, a group of condensed liquid working medium reflux channels are arranged in the wall of the pool boiling observation chamber, the channels have various lengths, and the entrance of each channel is flush with the top surface of the pool boiling observation chamber.
进一步的，池沸腾观察室为透明耐热材料，测试底板和热源腔体均为热导体，上盖、底座和垫片的材料均为聚四氟乙烯，保温层材料为气凝胶，绝缘层材料为橡胶。Further, the pool boiling observation chamber is made of transparent heat-resistant material, the test bottom plate and the heat source cavity are all thermal conductors, the upper cover, base and gasket are made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the thermal insulation layer is made of aerogel, and the insulating layer is made of PTFE. The material is rubber.
进一步的，测试底板与热源腔体的接触面为凹凸型配合面,热源腔体上部设有用于螺栓通过的法兰圆盘，热源腔体沿其轴向开设有多个用于放置电加热棒的圆柱深孔，电加热棒至少设有一个。Further, the contact surface between the test base plate and the heat source cavity is a concave-convex mating surface, the upper part of the heat source cavity is provided with a flange disk for bolts to pass through, and the heat source cavity is provided with a plurality of electric heating rods along its axial direction. The cylindrical deep hole is provided with at least one electric heating rod.
进一步的，反渗透膜向下倾斜安装于池沸腾观察室上。Further, the reverse osmosis membrane is installed on the pool boiling observation chamber inclined downward.
最佳的，出气阀为自动式压力调节阀，冷凝盘管安装在冷凝器内，冷却器为风冷换热器。Preferably, the outlet valve is an automatic pressure regulating valve, the condensing coil is installed in the condenser, and the cooler is an air-cooled heat exchanger.
最佳的，高速摄像机配置有显微镜头。Optimally, the high-speed camera is equipped with a microscope head.
最佳的，LED光源配置有光漫射器。Optimally, the LED light source is provided with a light diffuser.
最佳的，温度传感器为PT100型温度传感器；放置于池沸腾观察室内的温度传感器位于液体工质液面以下；放置于测试底板槽道内的温度传感器涂有导热材料。The best, the temperature sensor is PT100 type temperature sensor; the temperature sensor placed in the pool boiling observation chamber is below the liquid working fluid level; the temperature sensor placed in the channel of the test bottom plate is coated with a thermally conductive material.
一种上述的可视化池沸腾实验系统的工作方法，包括以下步骤：A working method of the above-mentioned visualization pool boiling experiment system, comprising the following steps:
步骤一：开启调压器,其输出功率被电参数测量仪测量并显示出来，通过从小到大逐步地调节调压器改变电加热棒的输入电压,从而改变所对应的热流密度；电加热棒所散发的热量向上传递，温度通过热源腔体传递到测试底板，随后沸腾开始，可以通过透明的池沸腾观察室观察记录各沸腾阶段的气泡运动现象；Step 1: Turn on the voltage regulator, its output power is measured and displayed by the electrical parameter measuring instrument, and the input voltage of the electric heating rod is changed by gradually adjusting the voltage regulator from small to large, thereby changing the corresponding heat flux density; The heat dissipated is transferred upward, and the temperature is transferred to the test bottom plate through the heat source cavity, and then the boiling starts. The bubble movement phenomenon in each boiling stage can be observed and recorded through the transparent pool boiling observation room;
步骤二：液态工质沸腾后产生的蒸汽通过反渗透膜进入冷凝器，吸收冷却水冷量后冷凝为液滴，液滴掉落在倾斜的反渗透膜上，在重力的作用下由冷凝器的出液口c排出至沸腾观察室中回流；Step 2: The steam generated by the boiling of the liquid working medium enters the condenser through the reverse osmosis membrane, absorbs the cooling water and condenses into droplets. The droplets fall on the inclined reverse osmosis membrane, and are removed by the condenser under the action of gravity. The liquid outlet c is discharged to the boiling observation chamber for reflux;
步骤三：通过出气阀调节池沸腾观察室内的压力，在步骤一的沸腾现象开始的同时，开启出液阀，由冷却器出来的冷却水由进口a进入冷凝器，在冷却盘管中与沸腾所得蒸汽进行换热，冷却水得到热量升高温度后由出口b排出冷凝器，最后回到冷却器将热量传递给周围空气，升温后的冷却水温度降低；Step 3: Use the outlet valve to adjust the pressure in the boiling observation room. When the boiling phenomenon in Step 1 begins, open the outlet valve, and the cooling water from the cooler enters the condenser through the inlet a, and boils in the cooling coil. The obtained steam conducts heat exchange, and the cooling water is discharged from the condenser through the outlet b after obtaining the heat to increase the temperature, and finally returns to the cooler to transfer the heat to the surrounding air, and the temperature of the cooling water after the temperature rises decreases;
步骤四：在步骤一的沸腾现象开始的同时，开启高速摄像机，先进行LED光源位置、强度大小的调试，确保成像效果最佳，当温度传感器在5分钟内温度变化小于0.5℃时，通过多通道巡检仪采集数据，并在数据存储器中保存下来，保证在不同的加热功率下达到的都是稳定的沸腾状态，再在稳定沸腾状态下通过数据存储器选取高速摄像机所对应的合适帧率，捕获气泡动力学的可视化图像，以便进一步分析。Step 4: When the boiling phenomenon in Step 1 begins, turn on the high-speed camera, and firstly adjust the position and intensity of the LED light source to ensure the best imaging effect. The channel inspection instrument collects data and saves it in the data memory to ensure that the stable boiling state is achieved under different heating powers, and then select the appropriate frame rate corresponding to the high-speed camera through the data memory in the stable boiling state. Capture visualizations of bubble dynamics for further analysis.
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明的优点是：Beneficial effect: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:
1、采用具有一定面积的平面加热方式，热流密度更为均匀，与实际情况更为贴合；且测试底板具有很强的可更换性，对影响沸腾性能的因素研究不仅局限于液体工质的种类，还能拓展到不同换热表面；1. Using a plane heating method with a certain area, the heat flow density is more uniform and more suitable for the actual situation; and the test bottom plate has a strong replaceability, and the research on the factors affecting the boiling performance is not limited to the liquid working medium. It can also be extended to different heat exchange surfaces;
2、通过在热源腔体外部包裹保温层和绝缘层，阻断热源热量散失到环境中，保证了热源腔体的保温性能；2. By wrapping the thermal insulation layer and the insulating layer outside the heat source cavity, the heat of the heat source is blocked from dissipating to the environment, and the thermal insulation performance of the heat source cavity is guaranteed;
3、通过采用冷凝器加倾斜反渗透膜的组合，使得蒸汽能够穿过反渗透膜后进入冷凝器，吸收冷却水冷量后液化成液滴，液滴又在重力的作用下顺着倾斜的反渗透膜运动，从出液口c排出冷凝器；3. By using the combination of the condenser and the inclined reverse osmosis membrane, the steam can pass through the reverse osmosis membrane and then enter the condenser, absorb the cooling water and liquefy into droplets, and the droplets will follow the inclined reaction under the action of gravity. The permeable membrane moves, and the condenser is discharged from the liquid outlet c;
4、通过调节冷凝器出液口c与池沸腾观察室壁内各个进液口的配合，控制冷凝后的液体工质经过不同的冷凝液体工质回流通道回到液池中，使得从高到低范围内的液面都能在沸腾过程中保持一致的同时，回流入液池的冷凝液体工质对正在发生沸腾的液态工质的扰动影响都能降低到最小；4. By adjusting the cooperation between the liquid outlet c of the condenser and the various liquid inlets in the wall of the pool boiling observation chamber, the condensed liquid working medium is controlled to return to the liquid pool through different condensed liquid working medium reflux channels, so that from high to low The liquid level in the low range can be kept consistent during the boiling process, and the disturbance effect of the condensed liquid working medium returning to the liquid pool on the boiling liquid working medium can be minimized;
5、由于本系统在冷凝器上方加上了一个自动式压力调节阀，可以对不同压力下的液体工质的池沸腾进行实验，进一步拓展了对影响沸腾性能的因素的研究；5. Since the system is equipped with an automatic pressure regulating valve above the condenser, it is possible to conduct experiments on the pool boiling of liquid working fluids under different pressures, which further expands the research on the factors affecting the boiling performance;
6、采用高速摄像机和辅助LED光源拍摄池沸腾观察室内的沸腾现象，可以对测试底板径向上进行360°全方位的观测，可视化气泡运动行为方式，充分从机理上解释气泡行为与沸腾性能强弱之间的联系；6. Using a high-speed camera and an auxiliary LED light source to record the boiling phenomenon in the room, it is possible to conduct a 360° all-round observation of the test bottom plate in the radial direction, visualize the behavior of bubble movement, and fully explain the bubble behavior and boiling performance from a mechanism. the relationship between;
7、本发明由于解决了池沸腾实验时对气泡行为进行采集和处理的问题，所以本发明具有实际的工程意义，可供工程人员参考，具有可观的应用前景。7. Since the present invention solves the problem of collecting and processing bubble behavior during the pool boiling experiment, the present invention has practical engineering significance, can be referenced by engineers, and has considerable application prospects.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。The present invention will be further clarified below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.
一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，如图1所示，包括池沸腾子系统、冷却循环子系统、数据采集子系统，池沸腾子系统包括螺母1、上盖2、池沸腾观察室3、螺栓4、垫圈5、测试底板6、热源腔体7、电加热棒8、底座9、保温层10、绝缘层11、垫片12、调压器22、电参数测量仪23，由 内周至外周依次设置的电加热棒8、热源腔体7、保温层10、绝缘层11分别与底座9上表面连接，测试底板6在绝缘层11内圈中与热源腔体7上表面贴合，池沸腾观察室3安装于测试底板6顶面，两者的接触面之间设置有垫圈5，垫片12在池沸腾观察室3外围设置于测试底板6顶面，上盖2安装于池沸腾观察室3顶部的周向，池沸腾观察室3周向设有多个螺栓4，螺栓4一端依次穿设垫片12、测试底板6、热源腔体7，另一端穿设于上盖2并分别通过螺母1对应连接，电参数测量仪23与电加热棒8连接，调压器22与电参数测量仪23连接。A visual pool boiling experiment system, as shown in Figure 1, includes a pool boiling subsystem, a cooling cycle subsystem, and a data acquisition subsystem. The pool boiling subsystem includes a nut 1, an upper cover 2, a pool boiling observation chamber 3, and a bolt 4. , gasket 5, test bottom plate 6, heat source cavity 7, electric heating rod 8, base 9, insulation layer 10, insulating layer 11, gasket 12, voltage regulator 22, electrical parameter measuring instrument 23, arranged in order from the inner circumference to the outer circumference The electric heating rod 8, the heat source cavity 7, the insulation layer 10, and the insulating layer 11 are respectively connected to the upper surface of the base 9, the test bottom plate 6 is attached to the upper surface of the heat source cavity 7 in the inner circle of the insulating layer 11, and the pool boiling observation chamber 3 is installed on the top surface of the test bottom plate 6, the gasket 5 is provided between the contact surfaces of the two, the gasket 12 is arranged on the top surface of the test bottom plate 6 at the periphery of the pool boiling observation chamber 3, and the upper cover 2 is installed on the top of the pool boiling observation chamber 3 In the circumferential direction, the pool boiling observation chamber 3 is provided with a plurality of bolts 4 in the circumferential direction. One end of the bolts 4 is threaded through the gasket 12, the test bottom plate 6, and the heat source cavity 7 in sequence, and the other end is threaded through the upper cover 2 and is respectively connected by nuts 1. , the electrical parameter measuring instrument 23 is connected with the electric heating rod 8 , and the voltage regulator 22 is connected with the electrical parameter measuring instrument 23 .
冷却循环子系统包括反渗透膜14、冷凝器15、冷凝盘管16、压力表17、出气阀18、循环泵19、冷却器20、出液阀21，冷凝器15安装于池沸腾观察室3顶部，两者之间设有反渗透膜14，反渗透膜14向下倾斜安装，冷凝器15的冷凝盘管16的进口a及出口b之间依次连接出液阀21、冷却器20、循环泵19，压力表17与冷凝器15连接，出气阀18与压力表17连接，冷凝器15的出液口c与池沸腾观察室3连通。反渗透膜14倾斜安装，且只可允许气体通过，使得蒸汽能够穿过反渗透膜14进入冷凝器15，吸收冷却水冷量后液化成液滴，液滴又在重力的作用下顺着倾斜的反渗透膜14运动，从出液口c排出冷凝器15。The cooling circulation subsystem includes a reverse osmosis membrane 14, a condenser 15, a condenser coil 16, a pressure gauge 17, an outlet valve 18, a circulating pump 19, a cooler 20, and a liquid outlet valve 21. The condenser 15 is installed in the pool boiling observation chamber 3 On the top, there is a reverse osmosis membrane 14 between the two, and the reverse osmosis membrane 14 is installed inclined downward. The inlet a and the outlet b of the condensing coil 16 of the condenser 15 are sequentially connected to the liquid outlet valve 21, the cooler 20, the circulation The pump 19 and the pressure gauge 17 are connected to the condenser 15 , the outlet valve 18 is connected to the pressure gauge 17 , and the liquid outlet c of the condenser 15 is communicated with the pool boiling observation chamber 3 . The reverse osmosis membrane 14 is installed obliquely, and only allows the gas to pass through, so that the steam can pass through the reverse osmosis membrane 14 and enter the condenser 15, absorb the cooling water and liquefy into droplets, and the droplets follow the inclined direction under the action of gravity. The reverse osmosis membrane 14 moves and is discharged from the condenser 15 from the liquid outlet c.
池沸腾观察室3选择透明耐热材料，优选石英玻璃，石英玻璃热膨胀系数低、耐高温的特点满足了池沸腾腔室3对于耐高温的需求；除此之外石英玻璃93％的高透光率使其多用于光导通信和光学仪器中，因此也能满足本实验可视化拍摄的要求；池沸腾观察室3壁内加工有一组冷凝液体工质回流通道，该组通道具有多种长度，且其中每个通道入口均与池沸腾观察室3顶面平齐，即所有通道入口与池沸腾观察室3上端面平齐，通道出口则设置成高低各不一致，通过调节冷凝器15出液口c与池沸腾观察室3壁内各个通道的进液口的配合，控制冷凝后的液体工质经过不同的冷凝液体工质回流通道回到液池中，使得从高到低范围内的液面都能在沸腾过程中保持一致的同时，回流入液池的冷凝液体工质对正在发生沸腾的液态工质的扰动影响都能降低到最小。The pool boiling observation chamber 3 is made of transparent and heat-resistant materials, preferably quartz glass. The characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient and high temperature resistance of quartz glass meet the requirements of the pool boiling chamber 3 for high temperature resistance; in addition, the high light transmission of 93% quartz glass It is mostly used in photoconductive communication and optical instruments, so it can also meet the requirements of visual shooting in this experiment; a group of condensed liquid working medium reflux channels are processed in the wall of pool boiling observation chamber 3, and this group of channels has various lengths, and among them Each channel inlet is flush with the top surface of the pool boiling observation chamber 3, that is, all channel inlets are flush with the upper end surface of the pool boiling observation chamber 3, and the channel outlets are set at different heights. The cooperation of the liquid inlets of each channel in the wall of the pool boiling observation chamber 3 controls the condensed liquid working medium to return to the liquid pool through different condensed liquid working medium return channels, so that the liquid level in the range from high to low can be While maintaining consistency during the boiling process, the disturbance effect of the condensed liquid working medium returning to the liquid pool on the boiling liquid working medium can be minimized.
数据采集子系统包括温度传感器13、数据存储器24、多通道巡检仪25、LED光源26、高速摄像机27，温度传感器13在测试底板6上以及池沸腾观察室3内部分别至少安装有一个，LED光源26、高速摄像机27分别通过支架对准池沸腾观察室3安装于其侧方，温度传感器13与多通道巡检仪25连接，数据存储器24与多通道巡检仪25连接。The data acquisition subsystem includes a temperature sensor 13, a data storage 24, a multi-channel inspection instrument 25, an LED light source 26, and a high-speed camera 27. At least one temperature sensor 13 is installed on the test base plate 6 and inside the pool boiling observation chamber 3, respectively. The light source 26 and the high-speed camera 27 are respectively installed on the side of the boiling observation chamber 3 through the brackets.
测试底板6和热源腔体7选择优良的热导体，优选为紫铜，紫铜是优良的热导体，同时稳定性好，可以很好地抵抗周围环境的腐蚀，并且价格低廉，易于加工；测试底板6周围设有用于螺栓4连接的通孔，与热源腔体7接触的一侧加工有用来放置温度传感器13的槽道；测试底板6与热源腔体7的接触面为凹凸型配合面,热源腔体7上部设有用于螺栓4通过的法兰圆盘，热源腔体7沿其轴向开设有多个用于放置电加热棒8的圆柱深孔，电加热棒8至少设有一个。The test base plate 6 and the heat source cavity 7 are selected as excellent thermal conductors, preferably red copper. Red copper is an excellent thermal conductor, and at the same time has good stability, can well resist the corrosion of the surrounding environment, and is inexpensive and easy to process; the test base plate 6 There are through holes for bolts 4 to connect around, and the side in contact with the heat source cavity 7 is machined with a groove for placing the temperature sensor 13; The upper part of the body 7 is provided with a flange disk for the bolts 4 to pass through. The heat source cavity 7 is provided with a plurality of cylindrical deep holes along its axial direction for placing the electric heating rod 8, and the electric heating rod 8 is provided with at least one.
上盖2、底座9和垫片12选择耐高温且化学稳定性能的材料，优选为聚四氟乙烯，聚四氟乙烯具有优良的耐腐蚀性和化学稳定性能，此外聚四氟乙烯的机械性质较软，易于加工成实验部件需要的形状。保温层10选择隔热效果良好的材料，优选为气凝胶，绝缘层11选择绝缘材料，优选为橡胶，两层保温绝缘层阻断热源热量散失到环境中，保证了热源腔体7的保温性能。The upper cover 2, the base 9 and the gasket 12 are selected from materials with high temperature resistance and chemical stability, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene. Polytetrafluoroethylene has excellent corrosion resistance and chemical stability. In addition, the mechanical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene Soft and easy to machine into the shape needed for the experimental part. The insulating layer 10 is selected from a material with good heat insulation effect, preferably aerogel, and the insulating layer 11 is selected from an insulating material, preferably rubber. performance.
出气阀18为自动式压力调节阀，可以对不同压力下的池沸腾进行实验，进一步拓展了对影响沸腾性能的因素的研究。冷凝盘管16安装在冷凝器15内，将蒸汽冷凝为液态工 质；冷却器20为换热器，优选为风冷换热器，将冷却水吸收到的热量及时排入环境之中。高速摄像机27应配置有显微镜头，可以对测试底板6径向上进行360°全方位的观测，可视化气泡运动行为方式，充分从机理上解释气泡行为与沸腾性能强弱之间的联系。LED光源26应配置有光漫射器，测试表面上不同明暗区域对光的反射强弱也不同，为了尽可能清晰成像的同时避免局部过曝，本实验采用伦博朗布光法，添加光漫射器柔化光线。温度传感器13选择选择耐高温且防水的温度传感器，优选为PT100型温度传感器；放置于池沸腾观察室3内温度传感器13位于液体工质液面以下，用于测量液体工质温度；放置于测试底板6槽道内的温度传感器13涂有导热材料，优选导热硅脂，用于测量测试底板6的温度，测试底板6温度和水温均取平均值作为参考。The outlet valve 18 is an automatic pressure regulating valve, which can conduct experiments on pool boiling under different pressures, and further expand the research on the factors affecting the boiling performance. The condensing coil 16 is installed in the condenser 15 to condense the steam into a liquid working medium; the cooler 20 is a heat exchanger, preferably an air-cooled heat exchanger, and discharges the heat absorbed by the cooling water into the environment in time. The high-speed camera 27 should be equipped with a microscope head, which can conduct 360° all-round observation of the test bottom plate 6 in the radial direction, visualize the behavior of bubble movement, and fully explain the relationship between bubble behavior and boiling performance from a mechanism. The LED light source 26 should be equipped with a light diffuser, and different light and dark areas on the test surface have different reflection strengths of light. In order to make the image as clear as possible and avoid local overexposure, this experiment uses the Rembrandt light method, adding light diffusion The emitter softens the light. The temperature sensor 13 selects a temperature sensor that is resistant to high temperature and waterproof, preferably a PT100 temperature sensor; the temperature sensor 13 is placed in the pool boiling observation room 3, and the temperature sensor 13 is located below the liquid working fluid level for measuring the temperature of the liquid working fluid; The temperature sensor 13 in the channel of the bottom plate 6 is coated with a thermally conductive material, preferably thermally conductive silicone grease, for measuring the temperature of the test bottom plate 6, and the average value of the temperature of the test bottom plate 6 and the water temperature is taken as a reference.
上述的可视化池沸腾实验系统的工作方法，包括以下步骤：The working method of the above-mentioned visualization pool boiling experiment system includes the following steps:
步骤一：此步骤通过池沸腾子系统实现，首先将测试底板6与热源腔体7安装配合好之后，在螺栓4和螺母1的作用下，上盖2对池沸腾观察室3施加压力使其与垫圈5紧密接触,防止工作流体泄漏到池沸腾观察室3之外。然后开启调压器22后,其输出功率被电参数测量仪23测量并显示出来，通过从小到大逐步地调节调压器22改变电加热棒8的输入电压,从而改变所对应的热流密度；底座9、保温层10、绝缘层11和垫片12的加入保证由电加热棒8所散发的热量更加有效的向上传递，温度通过热源腔体7传递到测试底板6。随后沸腾开始，可以通过透明的池沸腾观察室3观察记录各沸腾阶段的气泡运动现象。Step 1: This step is realized by the pool boiling subsystem. First, after the test bottom plate 6 and the heat source cavity 7 are installed and matched, under the action of the bolt 4 and the nut 1, the upper cover 2 applies pressure to the pool boiling observation chamber 3 to make it. It is in close contact with the gasket 5 to prevent the working fluid from leaking out of the pool boiling observation chamber 3. Then after the voltage regulator 22 is turned on, its output power is measured and displayed by the electrical parameter measuring instrument 23, and the input voltage of the electric heating rod 8 is changed by gradually adjusting the voltage regulator 22 from small to large, thereby changing the corresponding heat flux density; The addition of the base 9 , the thermal insulation layer 10 , the insulating layer 11 and the gasket 12 ensures that the heat radiated by the electric heating rod 8 is more effectively transferred upward, and the temperature is transferred to the test base plate 6 through the heat source cavity 7 . Then the boiling starts, and the bubble movement phenomenon in each boiling stage can be observed and recorded through the transparent pool boiling observation chamber 3 .
步骤二：此步骤通过冷却循环子系统实现，液态工质沸腾后产生的蒸汽穿过反渗透膜14进入冷凝器15，吸收冷却水冷量后冷凝为液滴，液滴掉落在倾斜的反渗透膜14上，在重力的作用下由冷凝器15的出液口c排出。以池沸腾观察室3壁内加工有3条冷凝液体工质回流通道(d 1-d 2、e 1-e 2、f 1-f 2通道)为例，当液位高度较高时，将冷凝器15出液口c与进液口d 1相配合，冷凝液体工质经d 1-d 2通道流回液池内；当液位高度中等时，将冷凝器15出液口c与进液口e 1相配合，冷凝液体工质经e 1-e 2通道流回液池内；当液位高度较低时，将冷凝器15出液口c与进液口f 1相配合，冷凝液体工质经f 1-f 2通道流回液池内,在维持液位高度的同时，使得回流进液池的冷凝液体工质对正在发生沸腾的液态工质的扰动影响降低到最小。在冷凝器上端设有自动式压力调节阀，当系统压力比设定压力小时，自动式压力调节阀关闭，形成憋压，使系统内达到设定压力；当系统压力比设定压力大时，自动式压力调节阀开启，使系统与外界大气接通，释放一部分蒸汽，以此稳定系统内压力，可以实现不同压力下液体工质的沸腾实验。为了保证沸腾所产生蒸汽只发生相变被冷凝成液体，而非温度降低，先将出液阀21调到合适的开度，挑选合适的冷却水水温。沸腾现象开始的同时，开启出液阀21，由冷却器20出来的冷却水由进口a进入冷凝器15，在冷却盘管16中与沸腾所得蒸汽进行换热，冷却水得到热量升高温度后由出口b排出冷凝器15，最后回到冷却器20将热量传递给周围空气，升温后的冷却水温度降低。 Step 2: This step is realized by the cooling circulation subsystem. The steam generated by the boiling of the liquid working medium passes through the reverse osmosis membrane 14 and enters the condenser 15, absorbs the cooling water and condenses into droplets, and the droplets fall on the inclined reverse osmosis. The membrane 14 is discharged from the liquid outlet c of the condenser 15 under the action of gravity. Taking 3 condensed liquid working fluid reflux channels (d 1 -d 2 , e 1 -e 2 , f 1 -f 2 channels) processed in the wall of pool boiling observation chamber 3 as an example, when the liquid level is high, the The liquid outlet c of the condenser 15 is matched with the liquid inlet d1, and the condensed liquid working medium flows back into the liquid pool through the channels d1 - d2 ; when the liquid level is medium, the liquid outlet c of the condenser 15 is connected to the liquid inlet. When the liquid level is low, the liquid outlet c of the condenser 15 is matched with the liquid inlet f1 , and the condensed liquid works. The mass flows back into the liquid pool through the f 1 -f 2 channel, while maintaining the liquid level, the disturbance of the condensed liquid working medium flowing back into the liquid pool on the boiling liquid working medium is minimized. There is an automatic pressure regulating valve on the upper end of the condenser. When the system pressure is lower than the set pressure, the automatic pressure regulating valve is closed to form a pressure hold, so that the set pressure is reached in the system; when the system pressure is greater than the set pressure, the automatic pressure regulating valve is closed. The automatic pressure regulating valve is opened to connect the system with the outside atmosphere and release a part of the steam, so as to stabilize the pressure in the system and realize the boiling experiment of liquid working medium under different pressures. In order to ensure that the steam generated by the boiling only undergoes a phase change and is condensed into a liquid, rather than a temperature reduction, the liquid outlet valve 21 is adjusted to a suitable opening degree, and an appropriate cooling water temperature is selected. When the boiling phenomenon starts, the liquid outlet valve 21 is opened, and the cooling water from the cooler 20 enters the condenser 15 from the inlet a, and exchanges heat with the steam obtained from the boiling in the cooling coil 16. After the cooling water obtains heat and raises the temperature The condenser 15 is discharged from the outlet b, and finally returns to the cooler 20 to transfer the heat to the surrounding air, and the temperature of the cooling water after the temperature rises decreases.
步骤三：此步骤通过数据采集子系统实现，首先开启高速摄像机27后，先进行LED光源26位置、强度大小的调试，确保成像效果最佳。当温度传感器13在5分钟内温度变化小于0.5℃时，通过多通道巡检仪25采集数据，并在数据存储器24中保存下来，保证在不同的加热功率下达到的都是稳定的沸腾状态。再在稳定沸腾状态下通过数据存储器24选取高速摄像机27所对应的合适帧率，捕获气泡动力学的可视化图像，以便进一步分析。Step 3: This step is implemented by the data acquisition subsystem. First, after the high-speed camera 27 is turned on, the position and intensity of the LED light source 26 are first debugged to ensure the best imaging effect. When the temperature change of the temperature sensor 13 is less than 0.5°C within 5 minutes, the data is collected by the multi-channel inspection instrument 25 and stored in the data memory 24 to ensure that the stable boiling state is achieved under different heating powers. In a stable boiling state, a suitable frame rate corresponding to the high-speed camera 27 is selected through the data storage 24 to capture a visual image of the bubble dynamics for further analysis.
步骤一～步骤三可同步或依次或穿插进行，本系统在能够得到对流传热系数的基 础上，既不限制液体工质种类；又借助高速摄像机和LED光源，可以对测试表面径向上进行360°全方位的观测，可视化气泡运动行为方式，充分从机理上解释气泡行为与沸腾性能强弱之间的联系；本系统还能使各种液位高度都能在沸腾过程中保持一致的同时，回流进入液池的冷凝液体工质对正在发生沸腾的液态工质的扰动影响降低到最小；另外，本系统设置的压力调节装置可以实现不同压力下液体工质的沸腾实验。 Steps 1 to 3 can be performed synchronously or sequentially or interspersed. On the basis of obtaining the convective heat transfer coefficient, the system does not limit the type of liquid working medium; and with the help of high-speed cameras and LED light sources, it can perform 360 radial measurements on the test surface. °All-round observation, visualizing the behavior of bubble movement, fully explaining the relationship between bubble behavior and boiling performance from a mechanism; this system can also make various liquid levels consistent during the boiling process, and at the same time, The condensed liquid working medium that refluxes into the liquid pool will minimize the disturbance of the boiling liquid working medium; in addition, the pressure regulating device set in the system can realize the boiling experiment of the liquid working medium under different pressures.
本系统添加了冷凝子系统，不仅可以使液体汽化后的蒸汽冷凝回流到池沸腾观察腔中，还能根据需要的液位高度选择冷凝液体工质回流通道，将回流液体工质对气泡的扰动影响降低到最低；而且，本系统采用配备有显微镜的高速摄像机，一个设备就具备了采集并处理气泡动力学数据的能力，无需多余的调节支架，大大简化了实验系统的复杂程度；此外，本系统使用的加热及保温子系统输入功率跨度范围广，涵盖了各个沸腾阶段所需的热流密度，且热流密度的施加更为均匀，更加接近实际情况；最后，本系统设置的压力调节装置可以实现不同压力下液体工质的沸腾实验，而非局限于敞开式沸腾池的标准大气压。The system adds a condensing subsystem, which can not only condense and return the vapor after vaporization of the liquid to the observation chamber of the pool boiling, but also select the reflux channel of the condensed liquid working medium according to the required liquid level, so as to reduce the disturbance of the reflux liquid working medium to the bubbles. In addition, the system uses a high-speed camera equipped with a microscope, and a single device has the ability to collect and process bubble dynamics data, without the need for redundant adjustment brackets, which greatly simplifies the complexity of the experimental system; The input power of the heating and thermal insulation subsystem used in the system has a wide range, covering the heat flux density required for each boiling stage, and the application of the heat flux density is more uniform and closer to the actual situation; finally, the pressure regulating device set in this system can realize Boiling experiments of liquid working fluids at different pressures, not limited to the standard atmospheric pressure of open boiling pools.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，包括池沸腾子系统、冷却循环子系统、数据采集子系统，其特征在于：池沸腾子系统包括螺母(1)、上盖(2)、池沸腾观察室(3)、螺栓(4)、垫圈(5)、测试底板(6)、热源腔体(7)、电加热棒(8)、底座(9)、保温层(10)、绝缘层(11)、垫片(12)、调压器(22)、电参数测量仪(23)，由内周至外周依次设置的电加热棒(8)、热源腔体(7)、保温层(10)、绝缘层(11)分别与底座(9)上表面连接，测试底板(6)在绝缘层(11)内圈中与热源腔体(7)上表面贴合，池沸腾观察室(3)安装于测试底板(6)顶面，两者的接触面之间设置有垫圈(5)，垫片(12)在池沸腾观察室(3)外围设置于测试底板(6)顶面，上盖(2)安装于池沸腾观察室(3)顶部的周向，池沸腾观察室(3)周向设有多个螺栓(4)，螺栓(4)一端依次穿设垫片(12)、测试底板(6)、热源腔体(7)，另一端穿设于上盖(2)并分别通过螺母(1)对应连接，电参数测量仪(23)与电加热棒(8)连接，调压器(22)与电参数测量仪(23)连接；A visual pool boiling experiment system, comprising a pool boiling subsystem, a cooling cycle subsystem, and a data acquisition subsystem, characterized in that: the pool boiling subsystem includes a nut (1), an upper cover (2), a pool boiling observation chamber (3) ), bolts (4), washers (5), test base plate (6), heat source cavity (7), electric heating rod (8), base (9), insulation layer (10), insulating layer (11), pad A sheet (12), a voltage regulator (22), an electrical parameter measuring instrument (23), an electric heating rod (8), a heat source cavity (7), an insulating layer (10), an insulating layer ( 11) are respectively connected to the upper surface of the base (9), the test bottom plate (6) is attached to the upper surface of the heat source cavity (7) in the inner ring of the insulating layer (11), and the pool boiling observation chamber (3) is installed on the test bottom plate ( 6) The top surface, a gasket (5) is arranged between the contact surfaces of the two, the gasket (12) is arranged on the top surface of the test bottom plate (6) at the periphery of the pool boiling observation chamber (3), and the upper cover (2) is installed on the In the circumferential direction of the top of the pool boiling observation chamber (3), a plurality of bolts (4) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the pool boiling observation chamber (3). The body (7), the other end of which is penetrated through the upper cover (2) and is respectively connected through the nut (1), the electrical parameter measuring instrument (23) is connected with the electric heating rod (8), and the voltage regulator (22) is connected with the electrical parameter The measuring instrument (23) is connected;
    冷却循环子系统包括反渗透膜(14)、冷凝器(15)、冷凝盘管(16)、压力表(17)、出气阀(18)、循环泵(19)、冷却器(20)、出液阀(21)，冷凝器(15)安装于池沸腾观察室(3)顶部，两者之间设有反渗透膜(14)，冷凝器(15)的冷凝盘管(16)的进口a及出口b之间依次连接出液阀(21)、冷却器(20)、循环泵(19)，压力表(17)与冷凝器(15)连接，出气阀(18)与压力表(17)连接，冷凝器(15)的出液口c与池沸腾观察室(3)连通；The cooling circulation subsystem includes a reverse osmosis membrane (14), a condenser (15), a condenser coil (16), a pressure gauge (17), an air outlet valve (18), a circulating pump (19), a cooler (20), an outlet The liquid valve (21), the condenser (15) are installed on the top of the pool boiling observation chamber (3), a reverse osmosis membrane (14) is arranged between the two, and the inlet a of the condenser coil (16) of the condenser (15) The outlet valve (21), the cooler (20), the circulating pump (19) are connected in sequence between the outlet b and the outlet b, the pressure gauge (17) is connected with the condenser (15), and the air outlet valve (18) is connected with the pressure gauge (17) connected, the liquid outlet c of the condenser (15) is communicated with the pool boiling observation chamber (3);
    数据采集子系统包括温度传感器(13)、数据存储器(24)、多通道巡检仪(25)、LED光源(26)、高速摄像机(27)，温度传感器(13)在测试底板(6)上以及池沸腾观察室(3)内部分别至少安装有一个，LED光源(26)、高速摄像机(27)分别通过支架对准池沸腾观察室(3)安装于其侧方，温度传感器(13)与多通道巡检仪(25)连接，数据存储器(24)与多通道巡检仪(25)连接。The data acquisition subsystem includes a temperature sensor (13), a data memory (24), a multi-channel inspection instrument (25), an LED light source (26), a high-speed camera (27), and the temperature sensor (13) is on the test base plate (6) And at least one is installed inside the pool boiling observation room (3), the LED light source (26) and the high-speed camera (27) are respectively installed on the side of the pool boiling observation room (3) through the bracket, and the temperature sensor (13) is connected to the side of the pool boiling observation room (3). The multi-channel inspection instrument (25) is connected, and the data memory (24) is connected with the multi-channel inspection instrument (25).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，其特征在于：池沸腾观察室(3)壁内设有一组冷凝液体工质回流通道，该组通道具有多种长度，且其中每个通道入口均与池沸腾观察室(3)顶面平齐。A visual pool boiling experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a group of condensed liquid working medium reflux channels are arranged in the wall of the pool boiling observation chamber (3), and the group of channels has various lengths, and each of which The entrances of the passages are all flush with the top surface of the pool boiling observation chamber (3).
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，其特征在于：池沸腾观察室(3)为透明耐热材料，测试底板(6)和热源腔体(7)均为热导体，上盖(2)、底座(9)和垫片(12)的材料均为聚四氟乙烯，保温层(10)材料为气凝胶，绝缘层(11)材料为橡胶。A visual pool boiling experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pool boiling observation chamber (3) is made of transparent heat-resistant material, the test bottom plate (6) and the heat source cavity (7) are both thermal conductors, and the upper The cover (2), the base (9) and the gasket (12) are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the insulating layer (10) is made of aerogel, and the insulating layer (11) is made of rubber.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，其特征在于：测试底板(6)与热源腔体(7)的接触面为凹凸型配合面,热源腔体(7)上部设有用于螺栓(4)通过的法兰圆盘，热源腔体(7)沿其轴向开设有多个用于放置电加热棒(8)的圆柱深孔，电加热棒(8)至少设有一个。A visual pool boiling experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the contact surface between the test bottom plate (6) and the heat source cavity (7) is a concave-convex matching surface, and the upper part of the heat source cavity (7) is provided with a In the flange disc through which the bolts (4) pass, the heat source cavity (7) is provided with a plurality of cylindrical deep holes along its axial direction for placing the electric heating rod (8), and the electric heating rod (8) is provided with at least one.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，其特征在于：反渗透膜(14)向下倾斜安装于池沸腾观察室(3)上。A visual pool boiling experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reverse osmosis membrane (14) is installed on the pool boiling observation chamber (3) inclined downward.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，其特征在于：出气阀(18)为自动式压力调节阀，冷凝盘管(16)安装在冷凝器(15)内，冷却器(20)为风冷换热器。A visualization pool boiling experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air outlet valve (18) is an automatic pressure regulating valve, the condensing coil (16) is installed in the condenser (15), and the cooler (20) ) is an air-cooled heat exchanger.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，其特征在于：高速摄像机(27)配置有显微镜头。A visualization pool boiling experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-speed camera (27) is equipped with a microscope head.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，其特征在于：LED光源(26)配置有光漫射器。A visualization pool boiling experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the LED light source (26) is equipped with a light diffuser.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种可视化池沸腾实验系统，其特征在于：温度传感器(13)为 PT100型温度传感器；放置于池沸腾观察室(3)内的温度传感器(13)位于液体工质液面以下；放置于测试底板(6)槽道内的温度传感器(13)涂有导热材料。A visual pool boiling experiment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature sensor (13) is a PT100 type temperature sensor; the temperature sensor (13) placed in the pool boiling observation chamber (3) is located in the liquid working medium Below the liquid level; the temperature sensor (13) placed in the channel of the test bottom plate (6) is coated with a thermally conductive material.
  10. 一种权利要求1～9任一所述的可视化池沸腾实验系统的工作方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：A working method of the visualization pool boiling experiment system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    步骤一：开启调压器(22),其输出功率被电参数测量仪(23)测量并显示出来，通过从小到大逐步地调节调压器(22)改变电加热棒(8)的输入电压,从而改变所对应的热流密度；电加热棒(8)所散发的热量向上传递，温度通过热源腔体(7)传递到测试底板(6)，随后沸腾开始，可以通过透明的池沸腾观察室(3)观察记录各沸腾阶段的气泡运动现象；Step 1: Turn on the voltage regulator (22), its output power is measured and displayed by the electrical parameter measuring instrument (23), and the input voltage of the electric heating rod (8) is changed by gradually adjusting the voltage regulator (22) from small to large , thereby changing the corresponding heat flux density; the heat emitted by the electric heating rod (8) is transferred upward, and the temperature is transferred to the test bottom plate (6) through the heat source cavity (7), and then the boiling starts, which can be observed through the transparent pool boiling observation chamber. (3) Observe and record the bubble movement phenomenon in each boiling stage;
    步骤二：液态工质沸腾后产生的蒸汽通过反渗透膜(14)进入冷凝器(15)，吸收冷却水冷量后冷凝为液滴，液滴掉落在倾斜的反渗透膜(14)上，在重力的作用下由冷凝器(15)的出液口c排出至沸腾观察室(3)中回流；Step 2: The steam generated after the boiling of the liquid working medium enters the condenser (15) through the reverse osmosis membrane (14), absorbs the cooling water and condenses into droplets, and the droplets fall on the inclined reverse osmosis membrane (14), Under the action of gravity, it is discharged from the liquid outlet c of the condenser (15) to the boiling observation chamber (3) for reflux;
    步骤三：通过出气阀(18)调节池沸腾观察室(3)内的压力，在步骤一的沸腾现象开始的同时，开启出液阀(21)，由冷却器(20)出来的冷却水由进口a进入冷凝器(15)，在冷却盘管(16)中与沸腾所得蒸汽进行换热，冷却水得到热量升高温度后由出口b排出冷凝器(15)，最后回到冷却器(20)将热量传递给周围空气，升温后的冷却水温度降低；Step 3: Adjust the pressure in the pool boiling observation chamber (3) through the air outlet valve (18), while the boiling phenomenon in step 1 begins, open the liquid outlet valve (21), and the cooling water from the cooler (20) is The inlet a enters the condenser (15), exchanges heat with the steam obtained by boiling in the cooling coil (16), and the cooling water is discharged from the condenser (15) through the outlet b after obtaining the heat to increase the temperature, and finally returns to the cooler (20). ) transfers heat to the surrounding air, and the temperature of the cooling water decreases after heating;
    步骤四：在步骤一的沸腾现象开始的同时，开启高速摄像机(27)，先进行LED光源(26)位置、强度大小的调试，确保成像效果最佳，当温度传感器(13)在5分钟内温度变化小于0.5℃时，通过多通道巡检仪(25)采集数据，并在数据存储器(24)中保存下来，保证在不同的加热功率下达到的都是稳定的沸腾状态，再在稳定沸腾状态下通过数据存储器(24)选取高速摄像机(27)所对应的合适帧率，捕获气泡动力学的可视化图像，以便进一步分析。Step 4: When the boiling phenomenon in Step 1 begins, turn on the high-speed camera (27), and firstly adjust the position and intensity of the LED light source (26) to ensure the best imaging effect. When the temperature sensor (13) is within 5 minutes When the temperature change is less than 0.5°C, the data is collected by the multi-channel inspection instrument (25) and saved in the data memory (24) to ensure that the stable boiling state is achieved under different heating powers, and then the stable boiling state is achieved. The appropriate frame rate corresponding to the high-speed camera (27) is selected through the data storage (24) under the state, and the visual image of the bubble dynamics is captured for further analysis.
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