CN112305016A - A device for characterizing condensation heat transfer performance - Google Patents
A device for characterizing condensation heat transfer performance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种冷凝传热性能表征装置。所述装置包括：双锅炉蒸汽发生单元，用以对液体工质进行加热，包括主加热机构和辅加热机构；冷凝测试单元，用以对气态液体工质进行冷凝，包括冷凝壳体，其内设置有隔热组件、冷凝测试件及冷却循环通道，所述冷凝壳体一侧与隔热组件围设形成冷凝腔室，所述冷凝测试件设置于所述隔热组件中心，且冷凝测试件表面暴露于所述冷凝腔室内，所述冷凝腔室与双锅炉蒸汽发生单元连通；冷凝压降单元，用以控制整个装置内部蒸汽稳态流动及真空度。本发明提供的小型化、紧凑化、模块化的冷凝传热性能表征装置，可最大限度的减小热量损耗，可获得不同样品纯蒸汽和极低不凝性气体工况下的冷凝传热性能和传质性能。
The invention discloses a condensation heat transfer performance characterization device. The device includes: a double boiler steam generating unit for heating the liquid working medium, including a main heating mechanism and an auxiliary heating mechanism; a condensation test unit for condensing the gaseous liquid working medium, including a condensing shell, inside which A heat insulation component, a condensation test piece and a cooling circulation channel are provided, one side of the condensation shell and the heat insulation component are surrounded to form a condensation chamber, the condensation test piece is arranged in the center of the heat insulation component, and the condensation test piece is The surface is exposed in the condensation chamber, and the condensation chamber is communicated with the double boiler steam generating unit; the condensation pressure drop unit is used to control the steady flow of steam and the degree of vacuum in the whole device. The miniaturized, compact and modular condensation heat transfer performance characterization device provided by the invention can minimize heat loss, and can obtain the condensation heat transfer performance of different samples under the condition of pure steam and extremely low non-condensable gas and mass transfer performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat transfer evaluation, in particular to a condensation heat transfer performance characterization device.
Background
With the development of micro-nano processing technology, the design and development of a novel micro-nano interface for enhancing condensation heat transfer has received much attention and has become a research hotspot in recent years. However, at present, no commercial product exists in the condensation heat transfer characterization device. At present, in literature reports and published patents, most condensation heat transfer experiments adopt large, complex and multi-line experimental devices, which are not only unfavorable for accurately controlling non-condensable gas in a system, but also occupy a large amount of space to cause heat loss. For example, in the disclosed condensation heat transfer apparatus, "a condensation heat transfer effect evaluation system" disclosed in patent document CN 101963588A is limited to the evaluation of condensation heat transfer of saturated steam on a metal surface, and the selection range of steam conditions and test materials is narrow, which is difficult to satisfy the condensation heat transfer experiment with multiple requirements; the condensation heat exchange experimental device capable of realizing coupling of natural circulation and forced circulation disclosed in the patent document with the publication number of CN 103196945A can only carry out the condensation heat exchange experiment outside a single tube and a tube bundle, is difficult to obtain the condensation heat transfer performance containing the working condition of extremely low non-condensable gas, has complex equipment design and more pipelines, and is easy to cause higher heat loss; the 'test system for evaluating the local condensation heat transfer performance of mixed steam' disclosed in the patent document with the publication number of CN104407008A is difficult to control the low vacuum degree of the system, and only aims at a steam condensation experiment containing a large amount of non-condensable gas, the adjustable range of a steam temperature zone is narrow, and the test system is only limited to carry out condensation heat transfer test on a horizontal pipe; the multifunctional steam condensation heat exchange and frosting process visualization experiment device disclosed in the patent document with the publication number of CN108469450A has the defects that the condensation cavity is too large, the pipeline is too long, unnecessary heat loss is caused, and the calculation error of the surface temperature of the sample is increased by attaching the sample on the surface of a Peltier.
In view of the above problems, there is a need to develop a new generation of condensation heat transfer performance characterization device, which satisfies the following characteristics: the method comprises the following steps of (1) representing condensation heat transfer performance of vertical circular surfaces (non-tubular materials) made of different materials under the working condition of pure steam or extremely-low non-condensable gas; secondly, the miniaturization and the compactness design reduce the heat loss as much as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the problems that the content of extremely low non-condensable gas is difficult to control, the regulation range of a steam temperature region is narrow, the heat loss is large and the like in the prior art, and provides a device for representing the condensation heat transfer performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a device for characterizing condensation heat transfer performance, which comprises:
the double-boiler steam generation unit is at least used for heating the liquid working medium and comprises a main heating mechanism and an auxiliary heating mechanism;
the condensation testing unit is at least used for condensing gaseous liquid working media and comprises a condensation shell, wherein a heat insulation assembly, a condensation testing piece and a cooling circulation channel are arranged in the condensation shell, one side of the condensation shell and the heat insulation assembly are surrounded to form a condensation cavity, the condensation testing piece is arranged in the center of the heat insulation assembly, the surface of the condensation testing piece is exposed in the condensation cavity, the condensation cavity is communicated with the double-boiler steam generating unit, and the condensation unit is vertically arranged;
and the condensation pressure drop unit is communicated with the condensation testing unit and a vacuum unit and is at least used for controlling the steady-state flow and the vacuum degree of the steam in the whole device.
In some embodiments, the double-boiler steam generation unit comprises a main heating mechanism, an auxiliary heating mechanism, a first temperature control mechanism, a second temperature control mechanism and a temperature sensing mechanism, wherein a vacuum connection assembly is arranged between the main heating mechanism and the auxiliary heating mechanism, the main heating mechanism is connected with the first temperature control mechanism, and the auxiliary heating mechanism is connected with the second temperature control mechanism.
In some embodiments, the condensation testing unit further comprises:
the temperature sensing mechanism is at least used for measuring the steam temperature in the condensation chamber and the temperature of a condensation test piece;
a pressure sensing mechanism at least for measuring the pressure in the condensation chamber; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the visual observation mechanism is arranged at the corresponding position of the observation window arranged on the condensation shell.
In some embodiments, the condensation pressure drop unit is disposed above and in communication with the condensation chamber, and includes a condensation line, a cooling medium, and a circulation assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention provides a miniaturized, compact and modularized condensation heat transfer performance characterization device, which can reduce heat loss to the maximum extent, can simultaneously meet the steady-state test conditions of controllable pure steam and extremely low non-condensable gas content, and can obtain condensation heat transfer performance and mass transfer performance of different samples under the working conditions of pure steam and extremely low non-condensable gas;
2) the condensation heat transfer performance testing device is simple to operate, and the content of non-condensable gas in a system can be accurately controlled through the heating modules of the double boilers;
3) the invention can realize the steady state control of the steam through the condensation pressure drop module, and control the steady state steam flow through controlling the heating power of the main boiler and the temperature of the condensation pressure drop module;
4) the invention can meet the condensation heat transfer performance test of vertical planes of various materials under multiple working conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a condensation heat transfer performance characterization apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a condensation heat transfer performance characterization device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the film-like condensation heat transfer performance of hydrophilic smooth copper material surface under steam condition (7.38kPa) at 40 ℃ in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a cooling water tank, 2-a cooling circulation channel, 3-a cooling water tank, 4-a cooling circulator, 5-a vacuum pipeline joint, 6-a condensing coil, 7-a vacuum pump, 8-a data collector, 9-an auxiliary heating boiler temperature controller, 10-an auxiliary heating boiler, 11-a vacuum connecting valve, 12-a main heating boiler, 13-a main heating boiler temperature controller, 14-a cooling circulator, 15-a cooling circulator control valve, 16-a Teflon heat insulation block, 17-a condensing chamber, 18-a quartz glass observation window, 19-a temperature sensor, 20-a high-speed microscope, 21-a condensation test piece and 22-a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventor of the present invention has made extensive studies and extensive practices to propose a technical solution of the present invention, wherein the device has a unique structure with small size, modularization and compact design, and can simultaneously satisfy the steady-state testing conditions of pure steam and controllable content of extremely low non-condensable gas, and the device mainly comprises a double-boiler steam generation unit, a condensation testing unit and a condensation pressure drop unit. The content of extremely low non-condensable gas in a system is accurately controlled or the non-condensable gas is removed through the communication design of a main heating boiler and an auxiliary heating boiler of the double-boiler steam generation unit; the condensation test unit can realize the collection of condensation heat transfer data and condensation mass transfer phenomena; the condensation pressure drop unit ensures that the steam in the system flows in a stable state, reduces heat loss through being directly connected with the condensation test unit, and is provided with a vacuum connecting port so as to be convenient for controlling the vacuum degree of the whole system. The technical solution, its implementation and principles, etc. will be further explained as follows.
As an aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, it relates to a condensation heat transfer performance characterization apparatus, which includes:
the double-boiler steam generation unit is at least used for heating the liquid working medium and comprises a main heating mechanism and an auxiliary heating mechanism;
the condensation testing unit is at least used for condensing gaseous liquid working media and comprises a condensation shell, wherein a heat insulation assembly, a condensation testing piece and a cooling circulation channel are arranged in the condensation shell, one side of the condensation shell and the heat insulation assembly are surrounded to form a condensation cavity, the condensation testing piece is arranged in the center of the heat insulation assembly, the surface of the condensation testing piece is exposed in the condensation cavity, the condensation cavity is communicated with the double-boiler steam generating unit, and the condensation unit is vertically arranged;
and the condensation pressure drop unit is communicated with the condensation testing unit and a vacuum unit and is at least used for controlling the steady-state flow and the vacuum degree of the steam in the whole device.
In some embodiments, the double-boiler steam generation unit comprises a main heating mechanism, an auxiliary heating mechanism, a first temperature control mechanism, a second temperature control mechanism and a temperature sensing mechanism, wherein a vacuum connection assembly is arranged between the main heating mechanism and the auxiliary heating mechanism, the main heating mechanism is connected with the first temperature control mechanism, and the auxiliary heating mechanism is connected with the second temperature control mechanism.
Further, the main heating mechanism may be a main heating boiler, the auxiliary heating mechanism may be an auxiliary heating boiler, the first temperature control mechanism may be a main heating boiler temperature controller, and the second temperature control mechanism may be an auxiliary heating boiler temperature controller, but is not limited thereto.
Furthermore, the double-boiler steam generation unit consists of a main heating boiler, an auxiliary heating boiler, a temperature sensor, a main heating boiler temperature controller, an auxiliary heating boiler temperature controller and a middle vacuum connecting valve, wherein the auxiliary heating boiler is used for boiling a working medium in advance to remove non-condensable gas, the main heating boiler which is connected with the condensation chamber into a whole is vacuumized in advance to accurately control the content of the non-condensable gas, and the non-condensable gas is removed or reserved according to the test requirement in a certain proportion; the main heating boiler is arranged below the condensation testing unit and is directly connected with the condensation testing unit through the modular standard vacuum interface, so that heat loss in testing is reduced, steam circulation is facilitated, and condensate liquid efficiently flows back.
The invention can accurately control the content of extremely low non-condensable gas in the system or eliminate the non-condensable gas through the communication design of the main heating boiler and the auxiliary heating boiler in the double-boiler steam generation unit.
In some embodiments, the condensation test unit is disposed above the main heating mechanism, and can realize collection of condensation heat transfer data and condensation mass transfer phenomena.
In some embodiments, the condensation chamber has a plurality of connection ports respectively connected to the dual boiler steam generation unit and the condensation pressure drop unit, at least for vertically arranging the surface of the condensation test piece. The condensing unit is connected with the main heating mechanism through a standard vacuum interface, so that the test surface is convenient to be in the vertical direction.
Furthermore, the condensation test unit consists of a cylindrical stainless steel metal shell, a front quartz glass observation window, a middle heat-insulation Teflon support block, a condensation test piece and a back cooling water circulation channel. Wherein, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the condensation testing module and used for collecting related data such as steam temperature, pressure in the cavity, temperature of a condensation testing piece and the like in real time.
Furthermore, the condensation test unit is provided with 3 vacuum standard interfaces for changing the connection mode with the double-boiler steam generation unit and the condensation pressure drop unit, so that the condensation test unit is vertically arranged.
In some embodiments, the condensing unit further comprises:
the temperature sensing mechanism is at least used for measuring the steam temperature in the condensation chamber and the temperature of a condensation test piece;
a pressure sensing mechanism at least for measuring the pressure in the condensation chamber; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the visual observation mechanism is arranged at the corresponding position of the observation window arranged on the condensation shell.
Further, the cooling circulation passage communicates with a cooling medium, which communicates with the condensation housing through a cooling circulation mechanism.
Furthermore, the visual observation mechanism comprises a camera component and a light source, wherein the camera component is at least used for observing the condensate morphology of the gaseous liquid working medium on the surface of the condensation test piece and the dynamic behavior of the liquid drops, and the condensation heat transfer effect is evaluated by combining test data.
Further, the image pickup assembly may be a high-speed microscope, but is not limited thereto.
Furthermore, the visual observation mechanism consists of a high-speed microscope and an external light source and is arranged in front of an observation window arranged on the condensation shell.
Furthermore, the condensation test unit is provided with a large-size visual observation window, and the dynamic behavior of the condensate on the surface of the condensation test piece can be observed by using a high-speed microscope.
Further, the condensation shell includes a stainless steel shell, but is not limited thereto.
Further, the insulation assembly includes, but is not limited to, a teflon insulation block.
Further, the inside hollow thermal-insulated teflon supporter of condensation test unit carries out thermal-insulated protection to cylinder condensation test piece, makes the interior temperature distribution of condensation test piece wherein embedding accord with one-dimensional axial steady state heat-conduction, and wherein condensation test piece lateral wall sets up 4 equidistance apertures to axial direction center along the heat flow direction is perpendicular, gathers temperature data in real time through embedding thermocouple, calculates and obtains sample surface temperature.
Furthermore, a condensation chamber is formed by the condensation shell (such as a stainless steel shell) and the middle cavity of the Teflon heat insulation block, and is clamped by the shell of the cooling chamber at the other side to form an integral sealing system; the condensation test piece is embedded in the center of the Teflon heat insulation block and comprises a thermocouple jack; the steam in the condensation chamber is condensed on the surface of the condensation test piece, and the steam is generated by the main heating mechanism and directly enters the condensation chamber for condensation.
Furthermore, an absolute pressure transmitter and a temperature probe are installed in the condensation testing unit, so that the steam in the condensation cavity can meet the testing requirements.
In some embodiments, the condensation test piece has a condensation surface exposed in the condensation chamber and a back surface heat-radiating fin in contact with a cooling medium in a cooling circulation passage (e.g., connected to a cooling water tank).
In some embodiments, the temperature sensing mechanism comprises a plurality of thermocouples, and the thermocouples are arranged to intersect with the central axis of the interior of the condensation test piece perpendicularly. Four thermocouples are used for real-time temperature monitoring to ensure that the actual temperature of the condensing surface can be accurately reflected.
Further, the liquid working medium may be water, and correspondingly, the formed steam is water vapor, but is not limited thereto.
Further, the condensation test piece includes a silicon wafer, copper, stainless steel, aluminum, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the condensation pressure drop unit is disposed above and in communication with the condensation chamber, and the condensation pressure drop unit includes a condensation line (e.g., a condensation coil), a cooling medium, and a circulation component (e.g., a cooling circulator).
The condensation pressure drop unit is positioned above the condensation test unit and is directly connected with the condensation test unit, so that the connecting pipeline between the condensation test unit and the condensation test unit is effectively shortened, the heat loss is reduced, the stable circulation flow of steam is realized by controlling the temperature of circulating cold water inside the condensation test unit, and meanwhile, the vacuum connecting assembly (such as a vacuum pipeline connector) is arranged on the condensation pressure drop unit and is directly connected with vacuum pumping equipment, so that the accurate control of the vacuum degrees in the condensation cavity and the main boiler is facilitated.
Further, the invention realizes the steady-state control of the steam with different temperatures by controlling the heating power of the main heating boiler and the temperature of the condensation pressure drop unit.
Further, the temperature control of the condensation pressure drop unit and the back of the condensation test unit is realized by adjusting the temperature of the circulating cold water and the flow rate of the cold water through the cooling circulator.
Further, the condensation pressure drop unit is communicated with the vacuum unit (for example, a vacuum pump) through a vacuum connecting assembly.
Furthermore, the vacuum degree in the device can be accurately controlled by a vacuum oil pump or a vacuum pump set, the vacuum equipment is connected with the standard vacuum interface of the condensation pressure drop unit so as to meet the test requirements under different vacuum degrees, and in addition, a low-temperature cold trap can be added at the front end of the vacuum pump set according to the test requirements to protect the vacuum pump set.
In some embodiments, the device for characterizing condensation heat transfer performance further comprises a data acquisition and monitoring unit, which is at least used for acquiring, monitoring and processing the temperature of the condensation test piece, the temperature of the steam in the condensation chamber, the pressure in the condensation chamber and the temperature of the liquid working medium in the double-boiler steam generation unit.
Furthermore, the data acquisition monitoring unit further comprises a computer (PC), which is respectively connected with the first temperature control mechanism, the second temperature control mechanism, the temperature sensing mechanism and the pressure sensing mechanism and is at least used for monitoring and processing the acquired data.
Furthermore, the sealing performance of the whole system is characterized before the experiment begins, so that the system is ensured to be airtight; the vacuum unit is used for pre-removing the non-condensable gas in the whole system and accurately controlling the amount of the non-condensable gas in the system before testing.
Furthermore, the invention is suitable for the representation of the plane condensation effect in various steam environments, such as water vapor; the method is suitable for evaluating the condensation effect of various materials, such as silicon wafers, copper, stainless steel, aluminum and the like.
In conclusion, the invention provides a miniaturized, compact and modularized condensation heat transfer performance characterization device, which can reduce heat loss to the maximum extent, can simultaneously meet the steady-state test conditions of controllable contents of pure steam and extremely low non-condensable gas, and can obtain condensation heat transfer performance and mass transfer performance under the working conditions of pure steam and extremely low non-condensable gas of different samples.
The condensation heat transfer performance testing device is simple to operate, and the content of non-condensable gas in a system can be accurately controlled through the heating modules of the double boilers.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to several preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a condensation heat transfer performance characterization apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a dual-boiler steam generation unit, a condensation test unit, a condensation pressure drop unit, a vacuum unit, a visual observation mechanism, and a data acquisition and monitoring unit.
The steam generation unit includes main heating boiler 12, assists heating boiler 10, temperature sensor, main heating boiler temperature controller 13, assists heating boiler temperature controller 9 and vacuum connecting valve 11, main heating boiler temperature controller 13 is connected with main heating boiler 12, assist heating boiler temperature controller 9 and assist heating boiler 10 and be connected. Working medium is boiled in the auxiliary heating boiler 10 in advance, is subjected to degassing treatment and then enters the main heating boiler 12 through the middle connection vacuum connecting valve 11, and the upper end of the main heating boiler 12 is connected with the condensation testing unit.
The condensation test unit is used for condensing gaseous state liquid working medium, and it includes the condensation casing, be provided with Teflon insulating block 16 and condensation test piece 21 in the condensation casing, condensation casing one side encloses with thermal-insulated subassembly and establishes and form condensation cavity 17, the condensation test piece set up in thermal-insulated subassembly center, and condensation test piece surface expose in the condensation cavity, condensation cavity and two boiler steam generation unit intercommunication, and, the condensation test unit is perpendicular setting.
The condensation testing unit comprises a cylindrical stainless steel metal shell, a Teflon heat insulation block 16 in the middle, a condensation testing piece 21, a back cooling circulation channel 2, a front quartz glass observation window 18, a temperature sensor 19 and a pressure sensor 22, wherein the condensation testing piece 21 is embedded into the Teflon heat insulation block 16 to ensure one-dimensional axial stable heat conduction, the temperature sensor 19 records steam temperature data in a condensation chamber 17 in real time, the pressure sensor 22 records pressure data in the condensation chamber 17 in real time, and a high-speed microscope 20 is arranged in front of the quartz glass observation window 18.
The cooling circulation channel 2 is sequentially connected with a cooling water tank 1, a cooling circulator 14 and a cooling circulator control valve 15, and the cooling circulator control valve 15 is communicated with the condensation test unit. The temperature of the circulating cooling water is controlled to cool the condensation test piece, and the cooling water rapidly flows through the radiating fins on the back of the test interface in a limited mode to reach the required wall surface temperature.
The condensation pressure drop unit contains built-in condensing coil 6, cooling trough 3, cooling cycle machine 4, vacuum pipe joint 5, condensation pressure drop unit is located condensation test unit top, with condensation test unit lug connection, effectively shortens connecting tube between it and condensation test unit and reduces heat loss, realizes steam steady state circulation through the temperature of its inside circulation cold water of control, is provided with vacuum pipe joint on it simultaneously, directly links to each other with vacuum pump suction equipment, is convenient for carry out accurate control to condensation chamber and the inside vacuum of main heating boiler.
The vacuum unit ensures that the whole system is in a vacuum state, and comprises a vacuum pump 7 which is connected with the vacuum pipeline joint 5.
The data acquisition monitoring unit comprises a condensation test piece temperature acquisition unit, a condensation chamber steam temperature and pressure data acquisition unit, a steam generation unit liquid working medium temperature acquisition unit, and a data acquisition unit 8 connected with a PC computer for acquiring, monitoring and processing data.
The method for characterizing the condensation heat transfer performance by adopting the device comprises the following steps:
vacuumizing the device by using a vacuum unit, wherein the vacuum unit is at least used for removing non-condensable gas in the device;
adding a liquid working medium into the double-boiler steam generation unit, and heating to boil the liquid working medium;
enabling the gaseous liquid working medium to enter a condensation chamber to be in contact with a condensation surface of a condensation test piece, and simultaneously cooling the condensation test piece by adopting a cooling circulation channel;
a condensation pressure drop unit is adopted to control the steady-state flow and the vacuum degree of steam in the whole device;
observing the appearance of condensate of the gaseous liquid working medium on the surface of the condensation test piece and the dynamic behavior of liquid drops through a visual observation structure; and the number of the first and second groups,
the data acquisition monitoring unit is used for acquiring, monitoring and processing the temperature of a condensation test piece, the temperature of steam in a condensation chamber, the pressure in the condensation chamber and the temperature of a liquid working medium in the double-boiler steam generation unit, so that the characterization of the condensation heat transfer performance of a functional interface is realized.
Example 1
The device is used for a pure steam condensation heat exchange experiment, and the technical scheme is as follows: firstly, a vacuum connecting valve 11 between a main heating boiler 12 and an auxiliary heating boiler 10 of a steam generation unit is closed, a vacuum pipeline joint 5 on a condensation pressure drop unit is opened, a vacuum pump 7 is started to vacuumize a system, non-condensable gas in the system is removed, deionized water is added into the auxiliary heating boiler 10 of the steam generation unit, heating and boiling are carried out for 30min, and the water temperature is reduced to a preset steam temperature value. After the vacuum is pumped to the limit of the vacuum pump, the vacuum pipeline joint 5 is closed, the vacuum connecting valve 11 between the main heating boiler 12 and the auxiliary heating boiler 10 of the steam generation unit is opened, water enters the main heating boiler 12, and the vacuum connecting valve 11 is closed. And (4) turning on a heating control power supply of the main heating boiler, and simultaneously turning on cooling water circulation at the back of the condensation test unit. After the parameters such as pressure, steam temperature and the like are stable, the cooling water circulation of the condensation pressure drop unit is started, so that the pressure and the steam temperature are kept stable. And analyzing and evaluating the heat transfer performance of the functional interface through data acquisition and phenomenon recording.
Example 2
The technical scheme is that the device is used for a steam condensation heat exchange experiment containing air and comprises the following steps: firstly, a vacuum connecting valve 11 between a main heating boiler 12 and an auxiliary heating boiler 10 of a steam generation unit is closed, a vacuum pipeline joint 5 on a condensation pressure drop unit is opened, a vacuum pump 7 is started to vacuumize a system, deionized water is added into the auxiliary heating boiler 10 of the steam generation unit after the system is vacuumized to a preset vacuum degree, heating and boiling are carried out for 30min, and the temperature of water is reduced to a preset steam temperature value. After the vacuum is pumped to the limit of the vacuum pump, the vacuum pipeline joint 5 is closed, the vacuum connecting valve 11 between the main heating boiler 12 and the auxiliary heating boiler 10 of the steam generation unit is opened, water enters the main heating boiler 12, and the vacuum connecting valve 11 is closed. And (4) turning on a heating control power supply of the main heating boiler, and simultaneously turning on cooling water circulation at the back of the condensation test unit. After the parameters such as pressure, steam temperature and the like are stable, the cooling water circulation of the condensation pressure drop unit is started, so that the pressure and the steam temperature are kept stable. The percentage of air in the mixed gas is obtained through calculation, and by applying the technical scheme, the research on the steam condensation heat transfer characteristics under different non-condensable gas contents can be realized.
It should be noted that, in the present context, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in steps, processes, methods or experimental facilities including the element.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the local structure of the experimental device can be adjusted and refined according to specific requirements, and is not listed here. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. A condensation heat transfer performance characterization device, comprising:
the double-boiler steam generation unit is at least used for heating the liquid working medium and comprises a main heating mechanism and an auxiliary heating mechanism;
the condensation testing unit is at least used for condensing gaseous liquid working media and comprises a condensation shell, wherein a heat insulation assembly, a condensation testing piece and a cooling circulation channel are arranged in the condensation shell, one side of the condensation shell and the heat insulation assembly are surrounded to form a condensation cavity, the condensation testing piece is arranged in the center of the heat insulation assembly, the surface of the condensation testing piece is exposed in the condensation cavity, the condensation cavity is communicated with the double-boiler steam generating unit, and the condensation unit is vertically arranged;
and the condensation pressure drop unit is communicated with the condensation testing unit and a vacuum unit and is at least used for controlling the steady-state flow and the vacuum degree of the steam in the whole device.
2. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 1, wherein: the double-boiler steam generation unit comprises a main heating mechanism, an auxiliary heating mechanism, a first temperature control mechanism, a second temperature control mechanism and a temperature sensing mechanism, wherein a vacuum connecting assembly is arranged between the main heating mechanism and the auxiliary heating mechanism, the main heating mechanism is connected with the first temperature control mechanism, and the auxiliary heating mechanism is connected with the second temperature control mechanism.
3. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 1, wherein: the condensation testing unit is arranged above the main heating mechanism; and/or the condensation chamber is provided with a plurality of connecting ports which are respectively connected with the double-boiler steam generating unit and the condensation pressure drop unit and at least used for enabling the surface of the condensation test piece to be in the vertical direction.
4. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 3, wherein the condensation test unit further comprises: the temperature sensing mechanism is at least used for measuring the steam temperature in the condensation chamber and the temperature of a condensation test piece;
a pressure sensing mechanism at least for measuring the pressure in the condensation chamber; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the visual observation mechanism is arranged at the corresponding position of the observation window arranged on the condensation shell.
5. A condensation heat transfer performance characterization device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling circulation channel is in communication with a cooling medium, which is in communication with the condensation housing through a cooling circulation mechanism.
6. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 1, wherein: the contact surface of the heat insulation assembly and the gaseous liquid working medium is provided with a spiral liquid drainage channel.
7. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 4, wherein: the visual observation mechanism comprises a camera component and a light source, and the camera component is at least used for observing the appearance of condensate of the gaseous liquid working medium on the surface of the condensation test piece and the dynamic behavior of liquid drops; preferably, the camera assembly comprises a high speed microscope; and/or, the condensation shell comprises a stainless steel shell; and/or, the insulation assembly comprises a teflon insulation block.
8. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 1, wherein: the condensation test piece has a condensation surface exposed in the condensation chamber and a back surface heat radiation fin in contact with a cooling medium in a cooling circulation passage.
9. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 4, wherein: the temperature sensing mechanism comprises a plurality of thermocouples, and the thermocouples are vertically intersected with the central axis in the condensation test piece.
10. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 1, wherein: the condensation pressure drop unit is arranged above the condensation chamber and communicated with the condensation chamber, and comprises a condensation pipeline, a cooling medium and a circulation assembly.
11. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 10, wherein: the condensation pressure drop unit is communicated with the vacuum unit through a vacuum connecting assembly; preferably, the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pump; preferably, a cryotrap is further disposed between the vacuum connection assembly and the vacuum unit.
12. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 1, further comprising: the data acquisition monitoring unit is at least used for acquiring, monitoring and processing the temperature of the condensation test piece, the temperature of steam in the condensation chamber, the pressure in the condensation chamber and the temperature of a liquid working medium in the double-boiler steam generation unit; preferably, the data acquisition monitoring unit further comprises a computer, which is respectively connected with the first temperature control mechanism, the second temperature control mechanism, the temperature sensing mechanism and the pressure sensing mechanism, and is at least used for monitoring and processing the acquired data.
13. The condensation heat transfer performance characterization device of claim 1, wherein: the liquid working medium comprises water; and/or the condensation test piece comprises a silicon wafer, copper, stainless steel or aluminum.
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