WO2022218217A1 - 液晶组合物及其液晶显示器件 - Google Patents

液晶组合物及其液晶显示器件 Download PDF

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WO2022218217A1
WO2022218217A1 PCT/CN2022/085767 CN2022085767W WO2022218217A1 WO 2022218217 A1 WO2022218217 A1 WO 2022218217A1 CN 2022085767 W CN2022085767 W CN 2022085767W WO 2022218217 A1 WO2022218217 A1 WO 2022218217A1
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liquid crystal
carbon atoms
independently
crystal composition
group containing
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PCT/CN2022/085767
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French (fr)
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赵腾云
杨亚非
丁文全
贺笛
王盼盼
徐爽
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江苏和成显示科技有限公司
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Priority to US18/553,764 priority Critical patent/US20240228879A1/en
Priority to JP2023563128A priority patent/JP2024514005A/ja
Publication of WO2022218217A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022218217A1/zh

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    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/34Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
    • C09K19/3491Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having sulfur as hetero atom
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    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/30Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
    • C09K19/3001Cyclohexane rings
    • C09K19/3066Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers
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    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/42Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
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    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/52Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
    • C09K19/54Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
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    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/52Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
    • C09K19/54Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
    • C09K19/56Aligning agents
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/52Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
    • C09K19/54Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
    • C09K19/542Macromolecular compounds
    • C09K2019/548Macromolecular compounds stabilizing the alignment; Polymer stabilized alignment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of liquid crystals, in particular to a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal composition.
  • liquid crystal Display has developed rapidly because of its small size, light weight, low power consumption and excellent display quality, especially in portable electronic information products.
  • liquid crystal displays can be divided into PC (phase change, phase change), TN (twist nematic, twisted nematic), STN (super twisted nematic, super twisted nematic), ECB (electrically controlled birefringence, electrical controlled birefringence), OCB (optically compensated bend), IPS (in-plane switching, coplanar transition), FFS (fringe field switching, fringing field switching), VA (vertical alignment, vertical alignment) and PSA ( polymer stable alignment, polymer stable alignment) and other types.
  • PC phase change, phase change
  • TN tiltist nematic, twisted nematic
  • STN super twisted nematic
  • ECB electrically controlled birefringence, electrical controlled birefringence
  • OCB optical compensated bend
  • IPS in-plane switching, coplanar transition
  • the PSA type liquid crystal display mode is to add a small amount (typically ⁇ 1wt%, such as 0.3wt%) of one or more polymerizable compounds into the liquid crystal composition, which can ensure that after the liquid crystal composition is filled into the liquid crystal cell, the With or without voltage applied between the electrodes, the liquid crystal molecules are in-situ polymerized or crosslinked (usually by UV photopolymerization) in a state with an initial orientation, thereby fixing the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • PSA type liquid crystal display elements it is used in various conventional liquid crystal display devices, such as known PSA-VA, PSA-OCB, PSA-IPS, PSA-FFS and PSA-TN type liquid crystal displays .
  • a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound is located between two substrates, each of which is equipped with an electrode structure, or the two electrode structures are placed on only one of the substrates.
  • either or both of the two substrates may contain an alignment layer disposed on the substrate or electrode structure (if present) to induce initial alignment of the liquid crystal composition.
  • the PSA type liquid crystal display can operate as an active matrix display or a passive matrix display.
  • active matrix displays the individual pixels are addressed by integrated non-linear active elements such as transistors, while in the case of passive matrix displays the individual pixels are typically multiplexing method for addressing.
  • the polymerizable compound contained in the liquid crystal composition is generally polymerized or crosslinked in situ by UV photopolymerization, wherein the UV photopolymerization is achieved by exposing the liquid crystal composition to UV radiation, And preferably the voltage is applied to the electrode structure at the same time.
  • the polymerized or cross-linked polymerizable compounds phase-separate from other compounds in the liquid crystal composition and form a polymer layer on the surface of the substrate, where they cause the liquid crystal molecules to interact with the substrate Pre-tilt angle.
  • the polymerization of the polymerizable compound is preferably carried out under the application of voltage; for PSA-IPS type liquid crystal displays, with or without voltage application, Preferably no voltage is applied.
  • UV photopolymerization is realized by the following two steps:
  • UV1 step the liquid crystal composition is exposed to UV radiation emitted by a radiation source (hereinafter referred to as "light source”) while applying a voltage to the electrode structure to generate a pretilt angle.
  • a radiation source hereinafter referred to as "light source”
  • More preferred polymerizable compounds should produce a smaller pre-tilt angle in the same time or the same pre-tilt angle in a shorter UV1 radiation time (ie, faster angular velocity) to improve production efficiency, shorten the The tact time and cost reduction in mass production, and at the same time, the faster the angular rate of the polymerizable compound, the more favorable it is for the polymerizable compound to achieve complete polymerization, thereby reducing polymer residues.
  • the liquid crystal composition is exposed to UV radiation without applying a voltage to the electrode structure to ensure that any residual polymerizable compounds that did not polymerize during the UV1 step can be thoroughly polymerization.
  • the change of the pre-tilt angle should be as small as possible, so as to reduce the display unevenness of the PSA type LCD due to the unevenness of the UV process (uneven external conditions such as light, heat, stress, etc.). average possibility.
  • the UV radiation intensity in the UV2 step should be reduced to avoid or reduce negative effects (such as reduced reliability or image sticking).
  • polymerizable compounds that remain unreacted may polymerize in an uncontrolled manner after the display is fabricated and image display quality, for example, residual polymerizable compounds may be exposed to ambient UV light or backlighting
  • the pre-tilt angle will change, and the transmittance will also change, while in the display area that is not turned on, the pre-tilt angle will change. The angle and transmittance remain constant, creating an "image sticking" effect.
  • the liquid crystal display industry has stricter requirements on the display quality of LCD, especially in the TV industry, the size of TV generally increases, and the LCD generation line also increases, and the production process of large-size LCD panels is difficult. also increased significantly. Therefore, how to ensure the display quality is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the continuous development of liquid crystal materials is also one of the solutions.
  • the selection of liquid crystal compositions used with polymerizable compounds has become a research hotspot.
  • PSA-type liquid crystal displays common problems in the production of PSA-type liquid crystal displays include residue or removal of polymerizable compounds and stability of the pretilt angle.
  • a PSA type liquid crystal display after the polymerizable compound is polymerized by applying UV1 radiation and UV2 radiation to generate a pretilt angle, a small amount of unreacted polymerizable compound may polymerize in an uncontrollable manner after the display is fabricated, thereby affecting The quality of the display, for example, residual polymerizable compounds can be polymerized under the influence of UV light from the environment or backlighting, the pretilt angle can change after a number of addressing cycles in the switched-on display area, The transmittance also changes, while the pretilt angle and transmittance remain the same in areas of the display that are not turned on, creating an "image sticking" effect.
  • the polymerizable compound is polymerized as completely as possible during the formation of the PSA type liquid crystal display, and the residual polymerizable compound can be reacted in a controlled manner, and the faster the polymerization speed, the more favorable it is to achieve this expectation .
  • the variation of the pretilt angle be small after a plurality of address cycles.
  • the polymerizable compounds in the prior art generally have high melting points, and exhibit only limited solubility in many existing conventional liquid crystal compositions, and often precipitate out of the liquid crystal compositions.
  • the polymerizable compound has the possibility of self-polymerization, which further deteriorates its solubility in the liquid crystal composition. Therefore, it is usually necessary to introduce the polymerizable compound-dissolved liquid crystal composition at low temperature in order to reduce the risk of self-polymerization of the polymerizable compound, which places higher requirements on the solubility of the polymerizable compound in the liquid crystal composition, especially its solubility at low temperatures.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition, which also has a relatively large dielectric anisotropy while maintaining a proper clearing point, proper optical anisotropy and proper rotational viscosity.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device comprising the above-mentioned liquid crystal composition.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising a polymerizable compound, the liquid crystal composition comprising:
  • R 1 represents a straight-chain or branched-chain halogenated or unhalogenated alkyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents -H, halogen, -CN, -Sp 2 -P 2 , or a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms, A straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms,
  • a means in One or more -CH 2 - in the ring can be replaced by X 1 or X 2 independently, and the single bond in one or more rings can be replaced by a double bond, wherein X 1 represents -O- or -S- , X 2 represents a straight-chain alkyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms;
  • L each independently represents halogen, -CN or -Sp 2 -P 2 ;
  • L 1 and L 2 each independently represent -H, halogen, a haloalkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms, or a haloalkoxy group containing 1-3 carbon atoms;
  • P 1 and P 2 each independently represent a polymerizable group
  • Sp 1 and Sp 2 each independently represent a spacer group or a single bond
  • X represents -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CF 2 -, -NH- or -NF-;
  • r 1 , r 2 and r 3 each independently represent 0, 1, 2 or 3, and when r 1 , r 2 and r 3 each independently represent 2 or 3, L may be the same or different;
  • n 1 and n 2 each independently represent 0, 1 or 2, and n 1 +n 2 ⁇ 1, when n 1 represents 2, can be the same or different, when n 2 represents 2, may be the same or different; and
  • n 3 represents 0, 1 or 2
  • n 4 represents 0 or 1
  • the ring can be the same or different
  • Z 3 can be the same or different.
  • R 1 represents a straight chain alkyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms, such as -CH 3 , -C 2 H 5 , -C 3 H 7 , -C 4 H 9 , or -C 5 H 11 .
  • R 1 in order to obtain a larger absolute value of dielectric anisotropy, a larger K value, a longer low temperature storage time, a smaller surface roughness of the polymer layer, a smaller pretilt angle, faster angular velocity, lower polymer residue, higher VHR, and better pretilt angle stability, R 1 preferably represents —CH 3 .
  • each L independently represents -F, -Cl, -CN, or -Sp2 - P2.
  • r 1 and r 2 each independently represent 0 or 1.
  • Z 1 and Z 2 each independently represent a single bond.
  • R 2 represents -Sp 2 -P 2 .
  • the compound of general formula I is selected from the group consisting of:
  • L' and L" each independently represent -F, -Cl, -CN or -Sp 2 -P 2 .
  • the compound of general formula I is selected from the group consisting of compounds of general formula 1-1, compounds of general formula 1-2, compounds of general formula 1-3, compounds of general formula 1-4, and compounds of general formula The group consisting of compounds of 1-8.
  • the compound of general formula I in order to obtain a larger absolute value of dielectric anisotropy, a larger K value, a longer low temperature storage time, a smaller surface roughness of the polymer layer, a smaller pretilt angle, faster angular velocity, lower polymer residue, higher VHR and better pre-tilt angle stability, is selected from the compound of general formula I-1, the compound of general formula I-2 The group consisting of compounds, compounds of general formula 1-4 and compounds of general formula 1-8.
  • the polymerizable groups involved in the present invention are groups suitable for polymerization reactions (eg, free radical or ionic polymerization, addition polymerization or polycondensation), or groups suitable for addition or condensation on the polymer backbone.
  • polymerizable groups each independently mean or -SH; preferably, the “polymerizable groups” each independently represent or -SH; further preferably, the "polymerizable groups” each independently represent
  • spacer group is known to those skilled in the art and is described in the literature (eg, Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73(5), 888 and C. Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004, 116, 6340-6368).
  • spacer group refers to a flexible group linking the mesogenic group and the polymerizable group in the polymerizable compound.
  • Typical spacer groups are for example - ( CH2 ) p1- , - ( CH2CH2O ) q1 - CH2CH2-, -( CH2CH2S ) q1 - CH2CH2-, -(CH 2 CH 2 NH)q 1 -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CR 0 R 00 -(CH 2 ) p1 - or -(SiR 0 R 00 -O)p 1 -, wherein p 1 represents 1- An integer of 12, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, etc., q 1 represents an integer of 1-3, such as 2, and R 0 and R 00 each independently represent- H or a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms, Particularly preferred spacer groups are -(CH 2 )p 1 -, -(CH 2 )p 1 -O-, -(CH 2 )p 1 -O-CO-, -(CH 2 )p
  • Sp 1 and Sp 2 both represent a single bond.
  • the compound of formula I accounts for 0.001% to 5% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, etc.; preferably, the compound of formula I accounts for 0.01%-2% by weight of the liquid crystal composition.
  • the representation method that a straight line crosses the ring structure represents that the access bond of the group is at any bondable position of the ring structure.
  • L 1 and L 2 each independently represent -F or -Cl.
  • both L 1 and L 2 represent -F.
  • X represents -O- or -S-.
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-10 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkoxy group containing 1-9 carbon atoms, Or a straight-chain or branched alkenyl group containing 2-10 carbon atoms; further preferably, R 3 represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing 1-8 carbon atoms, an alkyl group containing 1-7 carbon atoms Straight-chain or branched-chain alkoxy, or straight-chain or branched-chain alkenyl containing 2-8 carbon atoms; still further preferably, R 3 represents a straight-chain or branched-chain containing 1-5 carbon atoms Alkyl, straight or branched alkoxy containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or straight or branched alkenyl containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • the compound of general formula II is selected from the group consisting of:
  • the compound of general formula II is selected from the group consisting of compounds of general formula II-1, compounds of general formula II-2, compounds of general formula II-3, compounds of general formula II-4, compounds of general formula Compounds of general formula II-5, compounds of general formula II-6, compounds of general formula II-7, compounds of general formula II-8, compounds of general formula II-9, compounds of general formula II-10 and compounds of general formula II- A group of 11 compounds.
  • the compound of general formula II in order to obtain a larger absolute value of dielectric anisotropy, a larger K value, a longer low temperature storage time, a smaller surface roughness of the polymer layer, a smaller pretilt angle, faster angular velocity, lower polymer residue, higher VHR and better pre-tilt angle stability, is selected from the compound of general formula II-3, the compound of general formula II-4 The group consisting of compounds, compounds of general formula II-5 and compounds of general formula II-10.
  • the compound of general formula II accounts for 0.1%-25% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 25%; preferably, the compound of formula II accounts for the weight of the liquid crystal composition The percentage is 1%-20%.
  • liquid crystal compositions of the present invention further comprise at least one compound of general formula M:
  • ring ring and ring represent independently in One or more -CH 2 - in the ring may be replaced by -O-, and the single bond in one or more rings may be replaced by a double bond, and wherein At most one of the -Hs may be substituted by halogen;
  • the alkenyl group in the present invention is preferably selected from the group represented by any one of formula (V1) to formula (V9), particularly preferably formula (V1), formula (V2), formula (V8) or formula ( V9).
  • the groups represented by formula (V1) to formula (V9) are as follows:
  • * represents a carbon atom in the bonded ring structure.
  • the alkenyloxy group in the present invention is preferably selected from the group represented by any one of formula (OV1) to formula (OV9), particularly preferably formula (OV1), formula (OV2), formula (OV8) or formula (OV9).
  • the groups represented by formula (OV1) to formula (OV9) are as follows:
  • * represents a carbon atom in the bonded ring structure.
  • the compound of general formula M is selected from the group consisting of:
  • the compound of general formula M is selected from the group consisting of compounds of general formula M-1, compounds of general formula M-2, compounds of general formula M-6, compounds of general formula M-12, compounds of general formula The group consisting of the compound of general formula M-13, the compound of general formula M-16, the compound of general formula M-19, the compound of general formula M-26 and the compound of general formula M-30.
  • the compound of general formula M is selected from the compound of general formula M-1, the compound of general formula M-2 The group consisting of compounds, compounds of general formula M-6 and compounds of general formula M-12.
  • the compound of formula M accounts for 0.1%-80% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34% , 35%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48%, 50%, 52%, 54%, 56%, 58%, 60%, 62%, 64%, 66 %, 68%, 70%, 72%, 74%, 76%, 78%, 80%; preferably, the compound of general formula M accounts for 1%-60% by weight of the liquid crystal composition.
  • the content of the compound of general formula M must depend on solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process suitability, drip marks, burn-in, dielectric anisotropy Make appropriate adjustments according to the required performance.
  • the lower limit of the content is preferably higher and the upper limit of the content is higher;
  • the lower limit of the content and the upper limit of the content are preferably higher;
  • the absolute value of the electrical anisotropy it is preferable that the lower limit value of the content be lowered and the upper limit value of the content be lowered.
  • R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-10 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-9 carbon atoms chain alkoxy, or straight-chain or branched alkenyl containing 2-10 carbon atoms; further preferably, R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a straight-chain or branched chain containing 1-8 carbon atoms alkyl, straight-chain or branched alkoxy containing 1-7 carbon atoms, or straight-chain or branched alkenyl containing 2-8 carbon atoms; further preferably, R M1 and R M2 Each independently represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group containing 1-4 carbon atoms, or a straight-chain chain containing 2-5 carbon atoms or branched alkenyl.
  • R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a straight-chain alkenyl group containing 2-8 carbon atoms; further preferably, R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a linear alkenyl group containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms. - Straight chain alkenyl of 5 carbon atoms.
  • either one of R M1 and R M2 is a straight-chain alkenyl group containing 2-5 carbon atoms, and the other is a straight-chain alkenyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms straight chain alkyl.
  • R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group containing 1-8 carbon atoms, or a straight-chain alkoxy group containing 1-7 carbon atoms ; Further preferably, R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms, or a straight-chain alkoxy group containing 1-4 carbon atoms.
  • either one of R M1 and R M2 is a straight-chain alkyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms, and the other is a linear alkyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms A straight-chain alkyl group, or a straight-chain alkoxy group containing 1-4 carbon atoms; further preferably, both R M1 and R M2 are each independently a straight-chain alkane containing 1-5 carbon atoms base.
  • both R M1 and R M2 when emphasis is placed on reliability, it is preferred that both R M1 and R M2 are alkyl; when emphasis is placed on reducing the volatility of the compound, it is preferred that both R M1 and R M2 are alkoxy; When emphasis is placed on viscosity reduction, at least one of R M1 and R M2 is preferably an alkenyl group.
  • liquid crystal compositions of the present invention further comprise at least one compound of the general formula N:
  • R N1 and R N2 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms,
  • L N1 and L N2 each independently represent -H, an alkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms, or a halogen
  • n N1 0, 1, 2 or 3
  • n N2 represents 0 or 1
  • 0 ⁇ n N1 +n N2 ⁇ 3 wherein when n N1 2 or 3, the ring may be the same or different, and Z N1 may be the same or different.
  • the compound of general formula N is selected from the group consisting of:
  • the compound of general formula N is selected from the group consisting of compounds of general formula N-1, compounds of general formula N-2, compounds of general formula N-3, compounds of general formula N-5, compounds of general formula The compound of general formula N-6, the compound of general formula N-10, the compound of general formula N-11, the compound of general formula N-12, the compound of general formula N-13, the compound of general formula N-15, the compound of general formula N- The group consisting of the compound of 24 and the compound of general formula N-26.
  • the compound of general formula N is selected from the compound of general formula N-2, the compound of general formula N-3 compound, compound of general formula N-5, compound of general formula N-6, compound of general formula N-10, compound of general formula N-11, compound of general formula N-12, compound of general formula N-13, The group consisting of compounds of general formula N-15, compounds of general formula N-24 and compounds of general formula N-26.
  • the compound of formula N is selected from compounds of formula N-2 and compounds of formula N-5 A group of compounds.
  • the compound of formula N is selected from compounds of formula N-3 and compounds of formula N-6 A group of compounds.
  • the compound of formula N is selected from compounds of formula N-10 and compounds of formula N-13 A group of compounds.
  • the compound of general formula N accounts for 0.1%-65% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34% , 35%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48%, 50%, 52%, 54%, 56%, 58%, 60%; preferably, the general formula N
  • the weight percentage of the compound in the liquid crystal composition ranges from 1% to 60%.
  • the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the content of the compound of general formula N are lower;
  • the lower limit value of the content of the compound of the general formula N is preferably lower and the upper limit value is lower; in addition, in order to When the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy is increased while keeping the driving voltage low, it is preferable to increase the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the content of the compound of the general formula N higher.
  • R N1 and R N2 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-10 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-9 carbon atoms Chain alkoxy, or straight-chain or branched alkenyl containing 2-10 carbon atoms; further preferably, R N1 and R N2 each independently represent a straight-chain or branched chain containing 1-8 carbon atoms alkyl, straight-chain or branched alkoxy containing 1-7 carbon atoms, or straight-chain or branched alkenyl containing 2-8 carbon atoms; further preferably, R N1 and R N2 Each independently represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group containing 1-4 carbon atoms, or a straight-chain chain containing 2-5 carbon atoms or branched alkenyl.
  • liquid crystal composition of the present invention further comprises at least one compound of general formula A-1 and/or general formula A-2:
  • R A1 and R A2 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms,
  • One or more -Hs in can be independently replaced by -F or -Cl respectively;
  • L A11 , L A12 , L A13 , L A21 and L A22 each independently represent -H, an alkyl group containing 1-3 carbon atoms or a halogen;
  • X A1 and X A2 each independently represent halogen, straight or branched chain haloalkyl or haloalkoxy having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or straight or branched haloalkene having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or haloalkenyloxy;
  • the compound of general formula A-1 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R v and R w each independently represent -CH 2 - or -O-;
  • L A11 , L A12 , L A11 ′, L A12 ′, L A14 , L A15 and L A16 each independently represent -H or -F;
  • L A13 and L A13 ' each independently represent -H or -CH 3 ;
  • X A1 represents -F, -CF 3 or -OCF 3 ;
  • v and w each independently represent 0 or 1.
  • the compound of general formula A-1 accounts for 0.1%-50% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% by weight. %, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48%, 50%.
  • the lower limit of the content when the viscosity of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is kept low and the response speed is fast, it is preferable to make the lower limit of the content slightly lower and the upper limit of the content slightly lower. slightly lower; further, in the case where the clearing point of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is kept high and the temperature stability is good, it is preferable to make the lower limit value of the content slightly lower and the upper limit value of the content slightly lower; in addition, In order to keep the driving voltage low and to increase the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy, it is preferable that the lower limit value of the content be slightly higher and the upper limit value of the content be slightly higher.
  • the compound of general formula A-2 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • L A21 , L A22 , L A23 , L A24 and L A25 each independently represent -H or -F;
  • the compound of general formula A-2 accounts for 0.1%-50% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% by weight. %, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48%, 50%.
  • the lower limit of the content when the viscosity of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is kept low and the response speed is fast, the lower limit of the content is preferably slightly lower and the upper limit of the content is slightly lower. low; further, in the case where the clearing point of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is kept high and the temperature stability is good, it is preferable to make the lower limit value of the content slightly lower and the upper limit value of the content slightly lower; in addition, in order to When the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy is to be increased while keeping the driving voltage low, it is preferable that the lower limit value of the content be slightly higher and the upper limit value of the content be slightly higher.
  • liquid crystal compositions of the present invention further comprise at least one compound of formula B
  • R B1 and R B2 each independently represent -H, halogen, straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms, wherein among the straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms
  • O- or -O-CO- replacement, and one or more -H in the aforementioned groups may be independently replaced by -F or -Cl, respectively;
  • X B represents -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CF 2 -, -NH- or -NF-;
  • Y B1 and Y B2 each independently represent -H, halogen, a halogenated or unhalogenated alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a halogenated or unhalogenated alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms alkoxy;
  • the compound of formula B is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Y B3 and Y B4 each independently represent -H, -F, -Cl, -CN, -CH 3 or -OCH 3 .
  • the compound of formula B accounts for 0.1%-30% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, for example, 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% , 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 28%, or 30%.
  • R B1 and R B2 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-10 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-9 carbon atoms chain alkoxy, or straight-chain or branched alkenyl containing 2-10 carbon atoms; further preferably, R B1 and R B2 each independently represent a straight-chain or branched chain containing 1-8 carbon atoms alkyl, straight-chain or branched alkoxy containing 1-7 carbon atoms, or straight-chain or branched alkenyl containing 2-8 carbon atoms; further preferably, R B1 and R B2 Each independently represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing 1-5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group containing 1-4 carbon atoms, or a straight-chain chain containing 2-5 carbon atoms or branched alkenyl.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention further comprises at least one self-alignment agent of the general formula SA:
  • R S1 represents Sp-P, a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms,
  • -H in can be independently replaced by -F or -Cl respectively;
  • R S2 represents the anchoring group:
  • p 1 or 2
  • -Sp d -X 2 can be the same or different
  • o means 0 or 1;
  • X 1 and X 2 each independently represent -H, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , -NHR 11 , -NR 11 2 , NHC(O)-R 11 , -OR 11 , -C(O)OH, -CHO or a straight or branched chain halogenated or unhalogenated alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms;
  • X 1 and X 2 is selected from -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , -NHR 11 , -C(O)OH or -CHO;
  • Sp a , Sp c and Sp d each independently represent a spacer group or a single bond
  • ring and ring represent independently in One or more -CH 2 - in the ring may be replaced by -O-, and the single bond in one or more rings may be replaced by a double bond;
  • R 0 and R 11 each independently represent a straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing 1-12 carbon atoms
  • P represents a polymerizable group
  • Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond
  • n s1 represents 0 or 1
  • n s2 represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, when n s2 represents 2 or 3, can be the same or different;
  • p s1 , p s2 , p s3 and p s4 each independently represent 0, 1 or 2, where 1 ⁇ ps1 + ps2 ⁇ 2 ;
  • p s5 and p s6 each independently represent 0 or 1;
  • the self-aligning agent of formula SA is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R S2 represents or -Spa -X 1 .
  • R S2 represents -Sp a -X 1 ,
  • Sp d' represents a spacer group or a single bond
  • X 2 ' represents -H, -OH, -SH, -NH 2 , -NHR 11 , -NR 11 2 , NHC(O)-R 11 , -OR 11 , -C(O)OH, -CHO or containing 1 - a straight-chain or branched-chain halogenated or unhalogenated alkyl group of 12 carbon atoms, wherein R 11 represents a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R S2 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R S2 is bonded by the dotted line to on the ring structure.
  • the compound of formula SA accounts for 0.001% to 5% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 0.001%, 0.005%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95%, 1.0%, 2%, 3%, 4% or 5%, etc.; preferably, the compound of the general formula SA accounts for 0.1% to 2% by weight of the liquid crystal composition.
  • liquid crystal composition of the present invention may also contain usual nematic liquid crystals, smectic liquid crystals, cholesteric liquid crystals, dopants, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, polymerizable monomers or Light stabilizers, etc.
  • the dopant accounts for 0%-5% by weight of the liquid crystal composition; preferably, the dopant accounts for 0.01%-1% by weight of the liquid crystal composition.
  • additives such as antioxidants and light stabilizers used in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention are preferably the following:
  • n a positive integer from 1 to 12.
  • the light stabilizer is selected from the following light stabilizers:
  • the light stabilizer accounts for 0%-5% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition; preferably, the light stabilizer accounts for 0.01%-1% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition; more preferably Typically, the light stabilizer accounts for 0.01%-0.1% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.
  • the polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be polymerized even in the absence of a polymerization initiator, but may further contain a polymerization initiator in order to promote polymerization.
  • the polymerization initiators include benzoin ethers, benzophenones, acetophenones, benzil ketals, acylphosphine oxides, and the like.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be imparted with liquid crystal alignment ability by polymerization of the polymerizable compound in the liquid crystal composition, and control the amount of transmitted light in the liquid crystal display device by utilizing birefringence in the liquid crystal composition.
  • the polymerization method of the polymerizable compound since it is desired that the polymerization proceeds rapidly, a method in which the polymerization is carried out by irradiation with active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams is preferable.
  • active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams
  • a polarized light source can be used, or a non-polarized light source can be used.
  • at least the substrate on the irradiated surface side must have appropriate transparency with respect to the active energy rays.
  • only a specific portion may be polymerized by using a mask during light irradiation, and then the orientation state of the unpolymerized portion may be changed by changing conditions such as electric field, magnetic field, or temperature, and further polymerization may be performed by irradiating active energy rays.
  • the temperature at the time of irradiation with active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams is preferably a temperature range in which the liquid crystal state of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is maintained.
  • the polymerization is preferably carried out at a temperature close to room temperature (ie, 15-35°C).
  • a lamp that generates ultraviolet rays a metal halide lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, or the like can be used.
  • the wavelength of the ultraviolet-ray to irradiate it is preferable to irradiate the ultraviolet-ray whose wavelength is outside the absorption wavelength range of a liquid crystal composition, and it is preferable to block and use an ultraviolet-ray as needed.
  • the intensity of the irradiated ultraviolet rays is preferably 0.1 mW/cm 2 to 50 mW/cm 2 .
  • irradiating ultraviolet rays its intensity can be changed, and the time of irradiating ultraviolet rays is appropriately selected according to the intensity of the irradiated ultraviolet rays, preferably 10s-600s.
  • tilt and tilt angle are to be understood as the tilted alignment of liquid crystal molecules with respect to the surface of the liquid crystal cell in a liquid crystal display device (in the present invention, preferably a PSA type liquid crystal display device).
  • the tilt angle represents the average angle ( ⁇ 90°) formed between the longitudinal molecular axes of the liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal misorientation) and the surface of the outer panel of the liquid crystal cell.
  • Low values of inclination angles ie, large deviations from 90° correspond to large inclinations.
  • the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device comprising the above liquid crystal composition, preferably a PSA type liquid crystal display device, more preferably, PS-VA, PS-OCB, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, PS-UB-FFS, PS- Positive-VA or PS-TN type liquid crystal display device.
  • a PSA type liquid crystal display device preferably, PS-VA, PS-OCB, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, PS-UB-FFS, PS- Positive-VA or PS-TN type liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention also has a larger absolute value of dielectric anisotropy under the condition of maintaining proper clearing point, proper optical anisotropy and proper rotational viscosity , larger K value, longer storage time at low temperature, smaller surface roughness of polymer layer, smaller pretilt angle, faster angular velocity, lower polymer residue, higher VHR and less Good pre-tilt angle stability enables the liquid crystal display device containing it to have a wider temperature range, better contrast ratio, and better low temperature mutual solubility, which can effectively speed up the production process of PSA type liquid crystal displays and speed up production efficiency. At the same time, it can effectively improve the problems of "image sticking", uneven display and "broken bright spots" existing in the existing PSA type liquid crystal display, and has high practical application value.
  • nCCGF n in the code represents the number of C atoms of the left-terminal alkyl group, for example, n is "3", which means that the alkyl group is -C 3 H 7 ;
  • C in the code represents 1,4-cyclohexylene, G represents 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, and F represents fluorine substituent.
  • ⁇ n measured at 25°C using an Abbe refractometer with a sodium lamp (wavelength 589 nm) as the light source.
  • ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ , where ⁇ ⁇ is the dielectric constant parallel to the molecular axis, ⁇ ⁇ is the dielectric constant perpendicular to the molecular axis, test conditions: 25°C, 1KHz and VA type test box (cell thickness 6 ⁇ m ).
  • ⁇ 1 obtained by using the LCM-2 type liquid crystal property evaluation system; test conditions: 25° C., 160V-260V, and a test cell thickness of 20 ⁇ m.
  • nematic liquid crystal medium was placed in a glass bottle, stored at -20°C, and the time recorded when crystal precipitation was observed.
  • Ra After the liquid crystal composition containing the polymerizable compound is polymerized by UV light, the liquid crystal molecules are washed away, and then the morphology roughness of the polymerized polymer layer is measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM).
  • AFM atomic force microscope
  • PTA using the crystal rotation method, pour the liquid crystal into a VA-type test box (cell thickness 3.5 ⁇ m), apply a voltage (15V, 60Hz), and irradiate with ultraviolet light UV1 at the same time, so that the polymerizable compound is polymerized to form a pre-tilt angle PTA1, Then continue to irradiate ultraviolet light UV2 to the liquid crystal composition having formed the pre-tilt angle PTA1 to eliminate the polymerizable compound remaining in the state of PTA1. At this time, the pre-tilt angle formed by the polymerizable compound is PTA2.
  • the present invention compares the size of the pre-tilt angle formed when UV1 is irradiated for the same time (the smaller the pre-tilt angle, the faster the polymerization speed) or the time required to form the same pre-tilt angle (the shorter the required time, the faster the polymerization speed) to examine the rate of polymerization of polymerizable compounds.
  • Polymer residue After applying UV2 for 70min, the liquid crystal eluted from the liquid crystal test cell was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the content of the polymerizable compound in it was called polymer residue.
  • HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
  • VHR After applying UV2 for 70min, use TOY06254 type liquid crystal property evaluation system to test, test conditions: 60°C, 5V, 6Hz, VA type test cell with cell thickness of 3.5 ⁇ m.
  • the components used in the following examples can be synthesized by known methods or obtained through commercial channels. These synthesis techniques are conventional, and each of the resulting liquid crystal compounds has been tested to meet electronic compound standards.
  • the liquid crystal compositions were prepared according to the proportions of the liquid crystal compositions specified in the following examples.
  • the preparation of the liquid crystal composition is carried out according to the conventional methods in the art, such as heating, ultrasonic wave, suspension, etc., by mixing according to the proportion.
  • the liquid crystal compositions of Host-1, Host-1 and Host-2 were formulated according to the compounds listed in Table 3 and their weight percentages, and were filled between the two substrates of the liquid crystal display for performance testing.
  • the polymerizable compounds RM-01, RM-02, RM-03 and RM-1 were respectively added to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition control Host-1, as comparative examples 1-3, the polymerizable compound RM-01 was added In 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition Host-1, as Comparative Example 4, the polymerizable compounds RM-1 and RM-2 were respectively added to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition Host-1, as Example 1-2 , the polymerizable compounds RM-1, RM-2, RM-3 and RM-4 were respectively added to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition Host-2, as Example 3-5, the specific weight parts of the polymerizable compounds And the related performance test results are shown in Table 4 below:
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention also has a larger intermediary value under the condition of maintaining a proper clearing point, proper optical anisotropy and proper rotational viscosity.
  • the liquid crystal compositions of Host-2, Host-3 and Host-4 were formulated according to the compounds listed in Table 5 and their weight percentages, and were filled between the two substrates of the liquid crystal display for performance testing.
  • the polymerizable compounds RM-01, RM-02, RM-03 and RM-1 were respectively added to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition control Host-2.
  • the polymerizable compound RM-01 was added In 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition Host-3, as Comparative Example 8, the polymerizable compounds RM-1 and RM-2 were respectively added to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition Host-3, as Examples 6-7 , the polymerizable compounds RM-1, RM-2, RM-3 and RM-4 were respectively added to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition Host-4, as Examples 8-10, the specific weight parts of the polymerizable compounds And the related performance test results are shown in Table 6 below:
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention also has a larger intermediary value under the condition of maintaining a proper clearing point, proper optical anisotropy and proper rotational viscosity.
  • the liquid crystal display forms a spontaneous vertical alignment with respect to the substrate surface, and the alignment is stable until the clearing point and the resulting VA cell can be reversely switched.
  • Crossed polarizers are required for display switching.
  • Alignment is no longer required for VA, PM-VA, PVA, MVA, HT-VA, VA-IPS and other similar display technologies based on the combination of ⁇ 0 and vertical alignment by using additives such as compounds of formula SA-2-1 layer (eg, no PI coating).
  • the liquid crystal display forms a spontaneous vertical alignment with respect to the substrate surface, and the alignment is stable until the clearing point and the resulting VA cell can be reversely switched.
  • Crossed polarizers are required for display switching.
  • Alignment layers are no longer required for VA, PM-VA, PVA, MVA, HT-VA, VA-IPS and other similar display technologies based on the combination of ⁇ 0 and vertical alignment by using additives such as compounds of formula SA-4-1 (eg no PI coating).
  • the liquid crystal display forms a spontaneous vertical alignment with respect to the substrate surface, and the alignment is stable until the clearing point and the resulting VA cell can be reversely switched.
  • Crossed polarizers are required for display switching.
  • Alignment layers are no longer required for VA, PM-VA, PVA, MVA, HT-VA, VA-IPS and other similar display technologies based on the combination of ⁇ 0 and vertical alignment by using additives such as compounds of formula SA-4-2 (eg no PI coating).
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention also has a large absolute value of dielectric anisotropy, a large K value, Longer low temperature storage time, smaller polymer layer surface roughness, smaller pretilt angle, faster angular velocity, lower polymer residue, higher VHR and better pretilt angle stability , so that the liquid crystal display device containing it has a wider temperature range, better contrast, better low temperature mutual solubility, can effectively speed up the production process of PSA type liquid crystal display, speed up production efficiency, and can effectively improve the existing PSA
  • the problems of "image sticking", uneven display and "broken bright spots" in the LCD display have high practical application value.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be applied to the field of liquid crystal.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种液晶组合物及其显示器件,液晶组合物包含至少一种通式I的化合物和至少一种通式II的化合物。与现有技术相比,本发明的液晶组合物在维持适当的清亮点、光学各向异性和旋转粘度的情况下,还具有较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,使得包含其的液晶显示器件具有较宽的温度使用范围、较好的对比度、较好的低温互溶性,能够有效加快PSA型液晶显示器的生产进程,加快生产效率,同时改善现有PSA型液晶显示器中存在的"图像粘滞"、显示不均、"碎亮点"的问题,具有的实际应用价值较高。

Description

液晶组合物及其液晶显示器件 技术领域
本发明涉及液晶领域,具体涉及一种液晶组合物和包含该液晶组合物的液晶显示器件。
背景技术
液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)因其体积小、重量轻、功耗低且显示质量优异而获得了飞速发展,特别是在便携式电子信息产品中获得广泛的应用。根据显示模式的类型,可以将液晶显示器分为PC(phase change,相变)、TN(twist nematic,扭曲向列)、STN(super twisted nematic,超扭曲向列)、ECB(electrically controlled birefringence,电控双折射)、OCB(optically compensated bend,光学补偿弯曲)、IPS(in-plane switching,共面转变)、FFS(fringe field switching,边缘场切换)、VA(vertical alignment,垂直配向)和PSA(polymer stable alignment,聚合物稳定配向)等类型。
PSA型液晶显示模式是将少量(较典型<1wt%,如0.3wt%)的一种或更多种可聚合化合物添加到液晶组合物中,能够确保在液晶组合物填充入液晶盒之后,在电极之间施加电压或不施加电压的情况下,使液晶分子在具有初始取向的状态下原位聚合或交联(通常通过UV光聚合),从而固定液晶分子的取向。随着PSA型液晶显示元件的不断开发,其被应用于各种传统的液晶显示器件中,诸如已知的PSA-VA、PSA-OCB、PSA-IPS、PSA-FFS和PSA-TN型液晶显示器。在PSA型液晶显示器中,含有可聚合化合物的液晶组合物位于两个基板之间,其中各基板均配备有电极结构,或者两个电极结构仅置于基板之一上。此外,两个基板中的任意一者或两者可以含有设置于基板或电极结构(若存在)上的配向层,以诱发液晶组合物的初始配向。如常规的液晶显示器一样,PSA型液晶显示器能作为有源矩阵显示器或无源矩阵显示器来操作。就有源矩阵显示器的情况而言,各个像素通过集成的非线性有源元件(如晶体管)来进行寻址,而就无源矩阵显示器的情况而言,各个像素通常根据现有技术中已知的多路传输方法来进行寻址。
将液晶组合物填充至显示器件中之后,液晶组合物中含有的可聚合化合物通常通过UV光聚合进行原位聚合或交联,其中UV光聚合通过将液晶组合物暴露于UV辐射下而实现,并且优选同时向电极结构施加电压。作为UV暴露的结果,经聚合的或经交联的可聚合化合物与液晶组合物中的其他化合物发生相分离,并且在基板表面上形成聚合物层,在此处它们引起液晶分子相对于基板的预倾斜角。对于PSA-VA、PSA-OCB、PSA-FFS和PSA-TN型液晶显示器,可聚合化合物的聚合优选在施加电压的情况下进行;对于PSA-IPS型液晶显示器,施加或不施加电压皆可,优选不施加电压。
通常,在PSA型液晶显示器的生产方法中,UV光聚合是通过以下两个步骤实现的:
在第一步骤(以下称为“UV1步骤”)中,将液晶组合物暴露于由辐射源(以下称为“光源”)发射的UV辐射,同时向电极结构施加电压,以产生预倾斜角。较优选的可聚合化合物应当在相同的时间内产生更小的预倾斜角或者在更短的UV1辐射时间内产生相同的预倾斜角(即,较快的成角速度),以提高生产效率、缩短批量生产时的节拍时间(tact time)、降低成本,同时,可聚合化合物的成角速度越快,越有利于可聚合化合物实现完全的聚合,从而降低聚合物残留。为了提高成角速度,优选使用较短波长的UV1辐射,而为了提高电压保持率(Voltage Holding Ratio,VHR),优选使用较长波长的UV1辐射,因而较快的成角速度与较高的电压保持率,两者通常难以兼顾;
在第二步骤(以下称为“UV2步骤”)中,将液晶组合物暴露于UV辐射,而不向电极结构施加电压,以确保在UV1步骤中未发生聚合的任何残余的可聚合化合物能够彻底聚合。期待的是,在UV2步骤后,预倾斜角的变化尽可能的小,以减小PSA型液晶显示器受UV制程不均匀性(光、热、应力等外界条件不均)的影响而产生显示不均的可能。同时,应当减小UV2步骤中的UV辐射强度,以避免或减小负面效应(如降低的可靠性或图像粘滞)。
如果在UV1和UV2的制程中出现聚合物颗粒过大、聚合物颗粒大小不均的现象,则会导致聚合物分布不均,从而导致PSA型液晶显示器出现“碎亮点”的问题。经UV1和UV2的制程之后,始终未反应的可聚合化合物可能在显示器制成之后以不可控的方式聚合而影像显示器的品质,例如,残余的可聚合化合物会受到来自环境的UV光或背光照明的影响而发生聚合,在接通的显示器区域内,经过多个寻址周期之后,预倾斜角会发生变化,透射率也会随之产生变化,而在未接通的显示器区域中,预倾斜角和透射率保持不变,从而产生“图像粘滞”效应。
然而,在现有技术的运用中发现,并非所有的液晶组合物均可与可聚合化合物实现完美搭配,在UV1和UV2处理后,会出现残余的可聚合化合物未能彻底聚合、或是预倾斜角成角速度较慢的问题。同时,液晶组合物与可聚合化合物的互溶性差会使可聚合化合物聚合后形成的聚合物网络刚性差,使得PSA型液晶显示元件长时间连续显示同一图案时,聚合物网络的结构发生变化,继而导致液晶分子的预倾斜角发生变化,出现显示不良的情况。
然而,随着技术的发展,液晶显示行业对LCD的显示质量要求更加严格,尤其是在TV行业中,TV尺寸普遍增大,LCD世代线也随之增大,大尺寸LCD面板的制作工艺难度也明显增加。因此,如何保证显示质量是亟待解决的问题。除了不断优化面板制造工艺外,对液晶材料的不断开发也是解决的手段之一,尤其是对于PSA型液晶显示器来说,对与可聚合化合物搭配使用的液晶组合物的选择成为研究热点。
目前,PSA型液晶显示器的生产中常见的问题包括可聚合化合物的残留或去除以及预倾斜角的稳定性。在PSA型液晶显示器中,在通过施加UV1辐射和UV2辐射使可聚合化合物聚合从而产生预倾斜角后,少量未反应掉的可聚合化合物可能在显示器制成之后以不 可控的方式聚合,从而影响显示器的品质,例如,残余的可聚合化合物会受到来自环境的UV光或背光照明的影响而发生聚合,在接通的显示器区域内,经过多个寻址周期之后,预倾斜角会发生变化,透射率也会随之变化,而预倾斜角和透射率在未接通的显示器区域中保持不变,从而产生“图像粘滞”效应。因此,期望的是在PSA型液晶显示器的生成期间,可聚合化合物尽可能完全地聚合,并且残余的可聚合化合物能够以受控的方式反应,而聚合速度越快,则越有利于实现该期望。此外,还期望在经过多个寻址周期之后,预倾斜角的变化小。
另外,现有技术中的可聚合化合物通常具有高的熔点,并且在许多现有的常用液晶组合物中仅显示出有限的溶解性,常常会从液晶组合物中析出。此外,可聚合化合物具有自聚合的可能,这使得其在液晶组合物中的溶解性进一步变差。因此,通常需要在低温下引入溶有可聚合化合物的液晶组合物,以便降低可聚合化合物的自聚合的风险,这对可聚合化合物在液晶组合物中的溶解性提出更高的要求,尤其是其在低温下的溶解性。
因此,期待开发一种可以同时满足上述要求或至少满足上述要求中的一项的液晶组合物。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的在于提供一种液晶组合物,该液晶组合物在维持适当的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性和适当的旋转粘度的情况下,还具有较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性。
本发明的目的进一步在于提供一种包含上述液晶组合物的液晶显示器件。
技术方案:为了实现以上发明目的,本发明提供一种包含可聚合化合物的液晶组合物,液晶组合物包含:
至少一种通式I的化合物
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000001
以及
至少一种通式II的化合物
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000002
其中,
R 1表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链或支链的卤代或未卤代的烷基;
R 2表示-H、卤素、-CN、-Sp 2-P 2、或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000004
其中含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000005
中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可以分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,一个或更多个-H可以分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
R 3表示-H、卤素、含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000006
其中含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-能够以-O-不直接相连的方式分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000007
中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000008
和环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000009
各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000010
其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000011
中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代,其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000012
中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F、-Cl或-CN取代,并且一个或更多个环中-CH=可被-N=替代;
A表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000013
其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000014
中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可分别独立地被X 1或X 2替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代,其中X 1表示-O-或-S-,X 2表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链的烷基;
L各自独立地表示卤素、-CN或-Sp 2-P 2
L 1和L 2各自独立地表示-H、卤素、含有1-3个碳原子的卤代烷基、或者含有1-3个碳原子的卤代烷氧基;
P 1和P 2各自独立地表示可聚合基团;
Sp 1和Sp 2各自独立地表示间隔基团或单键;
X表示-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CF 2-、-NH-或-NF-;
Z 1和Z 2各自独立地表示-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CH 2S-、-SCH 2-、-CF 2O-、-OCF 2-、-CF 2S-、-SCF 2-、-(CH 2) n-、-CF 2CH 2-、-CH 2CF 2-、-(CF 2) n-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CH=CF-、-CF=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-CO-O-、-O-CO-CH=CH-、-CH 2CH 2-CO-O-、-O-CO-CH 2CH 2-、-CR 1R 2-或单键,其中,R 1和R 2各自独立地表示-H或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基,并且n表示1-4的整数;
Z 3、Z 4和Z 5各自独立地表示单键、-CH 2CH 2-、-CF 2CF 2-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CH 2O-或-OCH 2-;
r 1、r 2和r 3各自独立地表示0、1、2或3,当r 1、r 2和r 3各自独立地表示2或3时,L可以相同或不同;
n 1和n 2各自独立地表示0、1或2,且n 1+n 2≥1,当n 1表示2时,
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000015
可以 相同或不同,当n 2表示2时,
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000016
可以相同或不同;并且
n 3表示0、1或2,n 4表示0或1,当n 3表示2时,环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000017
可以相同或不同,Z 3可以相同或不同。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,R 1表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链的烷基,例如-CH 3、-C 2H 5、-C 3H 7、-C 4H 9、或-C 5H 11
在本发明的一些实施方案中,为了获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,R 1优选地表示-CH 3
在本发明的一些实施方案中,L各自独立地表示-F、-Cl、-CN或-Sp 2-P 2
在本发明的一些实施方案中,r 1和r 2各自独立地表示0或1。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,Z 1和Z 2各自独立地表示单键。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,R 2表示-Sp 2-P 2
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式I的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000020
以及
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000021
其中,
L’和L”各自独立地表示-F、-Cl、-CN或-Sp 2-P 2
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式I的化合物选自由通式I-1的化合物、通式I-2的化合物、通式I-3的化合物、通式I-4的化合物和通式I-8的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,为了获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,通式I的化合物选自由通式I-1的化合物、通式I-2的化合物、通式I-4的化合物和通式I-8的化合物组成的组。
本发明所涉及的可聚合基团是适用于聚合反应(例如,自由基或离子键聚合、加聚或缩聚)的基团,或者是适用于聚合物主链上加成或缩合的基团。对于链式聚合,特别优选包含-CH=CH-或-C≡C-的可聚合基团,对于开环聚合,特别优选例如氧杂环丁烷或环氧基。
术语“可聚合基团”各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000024
或-SH;优选地,“可聚合基团”各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000026
或-SH;进一步优选地,“可聚合基团”各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000027
如本文所使用的,术语“间隔基团”是本领域技术人员已知的,并且描述于文献(例如,Pure Appl.Chem.2001,73(5),888和C.Tschierske,G.Pelzl,S.Diele,Angew.Chem.2004,116,6340-6368)中。如本文所使用的,术语“间隔基团”表示在可聚合化合物中连接介晶基团和可聚合基团的柔性基团。典型的间隔基团例如为-(CH 2)p 1-、-(CH 2CH 2O)q 1-CH 2CH 2-、-(CH 2CH 2S)q 1-CH 2CH 2-、-(CH 2CH 2NH)q 1-CH 2CH 2-、-CR 0R 00-(CH 2) p1-或-(SiR 0R 00-O)p 1-,其中,p 1表示1-12的整数,例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11等,q 1表示1-3的整数,例如2,R 0和R 00各自独立地表示-H或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000028
特别优选的间隔基团为-(CH 2)p 1-、-(CH 2)p 1-O-、-(CH 2)p 1-O-CO-、-(CH 2)p 1-CO-O-、-(CH 2)p 1-O-CO-O-或-CR 0R 00-(CH 2) p1-。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,Sp 1和Sp 2均表示单键。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式I的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.001%~5%,例如0.005%、0.01%、0.05%、0.1%、0.15%、0.2%、0.25%、0.3%、0.35%、0.4%、0.45%等;优选地,通式I的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.01%~2%。
本发明中,直线划过环结构的表示方法代表基团的接入键在环结构的任意可成键位置。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,L 1和L 2各自独立地表示-F或-Cl。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,L 1和L 2均表示-F。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,X表示-O-或-S-。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选地,R 3表示含有1-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-9个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基;进一步优选地,R 3表示含有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-7个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基;再进一步优选地,R 3表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-5个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式II的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000031
以及
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000032
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式II的化合物选自由通式II-1的化合物、通式II-2的化合物、通式II-3的化合物、通式II-4的化合物、通式II-5的化合物、通式II-6的化合物、通式II-7的化合物、通式II-8的化合物、通式II-9的化合物、通式II-10的化合物和通式II-11的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,为了获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,通式II的化合物选自由通式II-3的化合物、通式II-4的化合物、通式II-5的化合物和通式II-10的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选调整通式II的化合物的含量以获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式II的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.1%-25%,例如0.1%、1%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、20%、22%、24%、25%;优选地,通式II的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为1%-20%。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,本发明的液晶组合物还包含至少一种通式M的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000033
其中,
R M1和R M2各自独立地表示含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000034
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000035
其中含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代;
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000037
和环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000038
各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000039
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000040
其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000041
中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代,并且其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000042
中的至多一个-H可被卤素取代;
Z M1和Z M2各自独立地表示单键、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-、-CH 2CH 2-或-(CH 2) 4-;并且
n M表示0、1或2,其中当n M=2时,环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000043
可以相同或不同,Z M2可以相同或不同。
本发明中的烯基优选地选自式(V1)至式(V9)中的任一者所表示的基团,特别优选为式(V1)、式(V2)、式(V8)或式(V9)。式(V1)至式(V9)所表示的基团如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000044
其中,*表示所键结的环结构中的碳原子。
本发明中的烯氧基优选地选自式(OV1)至式(OV9)中的任一者所表示的基团,特别优选为式(OV1)、式(OV2)、式(OV8)或式(OV9)。式(OV1)至式(OV9)所表示的基团如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000045
其中,*表示所键结的环结构中的碳原子。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式M的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000046
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000048
以及
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000049
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式M的化合物选自由通式M-1的化合物、通式M-2的化合物、通式M-6的化合物、通式M-12的化合物、通式M-13的化合物、通式M-16的化合物、通式M-19的化合物、通式M-26的化合物和通式M-30的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,为了获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,通式M的化合物选自由通式M-1的化合物、通式M-2的化合物、通式M-6的化合物和通式M-12的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选调整通式M的化合物的含量以获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式M的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.1%-80%,例如0.1%、1%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、20%、22%、24%、25%、26%、28%、30%、32%、34%、35%、36%、38%、40%、42%、44%、46%、48%、50%、52%、54%、56%、58%、60%、62%、64%、66%、68%、70%、72%、74%、76%、78%、80%;优选地,通式M的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为1%-60%。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式M的化合物的含量必须视低温下的溶解性、转变温度、电可靠性、双折射率、工艺适应性、滴下痕迹、烧屏、介电各向异性等所需的性能而适当进行调整。
关于通式M的化合物的含量,在需要保持本发明的液晶组合物的粘度较低、且响应时间较短时,优选其含量下限值较高且含量上限值较高;进一步地,在需要保持本发明的液晶组合物的清亮点较高、且温度稳定性良好时,优选其含量下限值较高且含量上限值较高;在为了将驱动电压保持为较低、且使介电各向异性的绝对值较大时,优选其含量下限值变低且含量上限值变低。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选地,R M1和R M2各自独立地表示含有1-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-9个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基;进一步优选地,R M1和R M2各自独立地表示含有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-7个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基;再进一步优选地,R M1和R M2各自独立地表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-5个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选地,R M1和R M2各自独立地表示含有2-8个碳原子的直链的烯基;进一步优选地,R M1和R M2各自独立地表示含有2-5个碳原子的直链的烯基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选地,R M1和R M2中的任一者为含有2-5个碳原子的直链的烯基,而另一者为含有1-5个碳原子的直链的烷基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选地,R M1和R M2各自独立地表示含有1-8个碳原子的直链的烷基、或含有1-7个碳原子的直链的烷氧基;进一步优选地,R M1和R M2各自独立地表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链的烷基、或含有1-4个碳原子的直链的烷氧基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选地,R M1和R M2中的任一者为含有1-5个碳原子的直链的烷基,而另一者为含有1-5个碳原子的直链的烷基、或含有1-4个碳原子的直链的 烷氧基;进一步优选地,R M1和R M2两者均各自独立地为含有1-5个碳原子的直链的烷基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,在重视可靠性时,优选R M1和R M2均为烷基;在重视降低化合物的挥发性的情形时,优选R M1和R M2均为烷氧基;在重视粘度降低的情形时,优选R M1和R M2中至少一者为烯基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,本发明的液晶组合物还包含至少一种通式N的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000050
其中,
R N1和R N2各自独立地表示含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000051
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000052
其中含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代;
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000053
和环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000054
各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000055
其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000056
中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代,其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000057
中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F、-Cl或-CN取代,并且一个或更多个环中-CH=可被-N=替代;
Z N1和Z N2各自独立地表示单键、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH 2CH 2-、-CF 2CF 2-、-(CH 2) 4-、-CF 2O-或-OCF 2-;
L N1和L N2各自独立地表示-H、含有1-3个碳原子的烷基或卤素;并且
n N1表示0、1、2或3,n N2表示0或1,且0≤n N1+n N2≤3,其中当n N1=2或3时,环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000058
可以相同或不同,Z N1可以相同或不同。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式N的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000059
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000060
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000061
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000062
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000063
以及
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000064
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式N的化合物选自由通式N-1的化合物、通式N-2的化合物、通式N-3的化合物、通式N-5的化合物、通式N-6的化合物、通式N-10的化合物、通式N-11的化合物、通式N-12的化合物、通式N-13的化合物、通式N-15的化合物、通式N-24的化合物和通式N-26的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,为了获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,通式N的化合物选自由通式N-2的化合物、通式N-3的化合物、通式N-5的化合物、通式N-6的化合物、通式N-10的化合物、通式N-11的化合物、通式N-12的化合物、通式N-13的化合物、通式N-15的化合物、通式N-24的化合物和通式N-26的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,为了获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,通式N的化合物选自由通式N-2的化合物和通式N-5的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,为了获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,通式N的化合物选自由通式N-3的化合物和通式N-6的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,为了获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,通式N的化合物选自由通式N-10的化合物和通式N-13的化合物组成的组。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选调整通式N的化合物的含量以获得较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预 倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式N的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.1%-65%,例如0.1%、1%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、20%、22%、24%、25%、26%、28%、30%、32%、34%、35%、36%、38%、40%、42%、44%、46%、48%、50%、52%、54%、56%、58%、60%;优选地,通式N的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为1%-60%。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,在需要保持本发明的液晶组合物粘度较低、且响应时间较短时,优选通式N的化合物的含量的下限值较低且上限值较低;进一步地,在需要保持本发明的液晶组合物的清亮点较高、且温度稳定性良好时,优选通式N的化合物的含量的下限值较低且上限值较低;另外,在为了将驱动电压保持为较低、而使介电各向异性的绝对值变大时,优选使通式N的化合物的含量的下限值变高且上限值变高。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选地,R N1和R N2各自独立地表示含有1-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-9个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基;进一步优选地,R N1和R N2各自独立地表示含有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-7个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基;再进一步优选地,R N1和R N2各自独立地表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-5个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,本发明的液晶组合物还包含至少一种通式A-1和/或通式A-2的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000065
其中,
R A1和R A2各自独立地表示含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000066
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000067
其中含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000068
中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000069
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000070
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000071
和环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000072
各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000073
其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000074
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000075
中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可分别独立地被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可分别独立地被双键替代,其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000076
中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F、-Cl或-CN取代,并且一个或更多个环中-CH=可分别独立地被-N=替代;
Z A11、Z A21和Z A22各自独立地表示单键、-CH 2CH 2-、-CF 2CF 2-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CH 2O-或-OCH 2-;
L A11、L A12、L A13、L A21和L A22各自独立地表示-H、含有1-3个碳原子的烷基或卤素;
X A1和X A2各自独立地表示卤素、含有1-5个碳原子的直链或支链的卤代烷基或卤代烷氧基、或者含有2-5个碳原子的直链或支链的卤代烯基或卤代烯氧基;
n A11表示0、1、2或3,其中当n A11=2或3时,环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000077
可以相同或不同,Z A11可以相同或不同;
n A12表示1或2,其中当n A12=2时,环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000078
可以相同或不同;并且
n A2表示0、1、2或3,其中当n A2=2或3时,环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000079
可以相同或不同,Z A21可以相同或不同。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式A-1的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000080
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000081
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000082
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000083
以及
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000084
其中,
R A1表示含有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基,其中含有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且存在于这些基团中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
R v和R w各自独立地表示-CH 2-或-O-;
L A11、L A12、L A11’、L A12’、L A14、L A15和L A16各自独立地表示-H或-F;
L A13和L A13’各自独立地表示-H或-CH 3
X A1表示-F、-CF 3或-OCF 3;并且
v和w各自独立地表示0或1。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式A-1的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.1%-50%,例如0.1%、1%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、20%、22%、24%、25%、26%、28%、30%、32%、34%、35%、36%、 38%、40%、42%、44%、46%、48%、50%。
关于通式A-1的化合物的优选含量,在将本发明的液晶组合物的粘度保持为较低、且响应速度较快的情况下,优选使其含量下限值略低且含量上限值略低;进一步地,在将本发明的液晶组合物的清亮点保持为较高、且温度稳定性良好的情况下,优选使其含量下限值略低且含量上限值略低;此外,为了将驱动电压保持为较低、而欲增大介电各向异性绝对值时,优选使其含量下限值略高且含量上限值略高。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式A-2的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000085
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000086
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000087
以及
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000088
其中,
R A2表示含有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基,其中含有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且存在于这些基团中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被 -F或-Cl取代;
L A21、L A22、L A23、L A24和L A25各自独立地表示-H或-F;并且
X A2表示-F、-CF 3、-OCF 3或-CH 2CH 2CH=CF 2
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式A-2的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.1%-50%,例如0.1%、1%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、20%、22%、24%、25%、26%、28%、30%、32%、34%、35%、36%、38%、40%、42%、44%、46%、48%、50%。
关于通式A-2的化合物的优选含量,在将本发明的液晶组合物的粘度保持为较低、且响应速度快的情况下,优选使其含量下限值略低且含量上限值略低;进一步地,在将本发明的液晶组合物的清亮点保持为较高、且温度稳定性良好的情况下,优选使其含量下限值略低且含量上限值略低;此外,为了将驱动电压保持为较低、而欲增大介电各向异性的绝对值时,优选使其含量下限值略高且含量上限值略高。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,本发明的液晶组合物还包含至少一种通式B的化合物
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000089
其中,
R B1和R B2各自独立地表示-H、卤素、含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基,其中含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或两个以上的-CH 2-可以-O-不直接相连的方式分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且前述基团中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000090
和环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000091
各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000092
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000093
其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000094
中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可分别独立地被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可分别独立地被双键替代,其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000095
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000096
中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F、-Cl、-CN、-CH 3或-OCH 3取代,并且一个或更多个环中-CH=可分别独立地被-N=替代;
X B表示-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CF 2-、-NH-或-NF-;
Y B1和Y B2各自独立地表示-H、卤素、含有1-3个碳原子的卤代或未被卤代的烷基、或者含有1-3个碳原子的卤代或未被卤代的烷氧基;
Z B1和Z B2各自独立地表示单键、-O-、-S-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH 2CH 2-、-CF 2CF 2-、-(CH 2) 4-、-CF 2O-或-OCF 2-;并且
n B1和n B2各自独立地表示0、1或2,其中当n B1=2时,环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000097
可以相同或不同,Z B1可以相同或不同,其中当n B2=2时,环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000098
可以相同或不同,Z B2可以相同或不同。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式B的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000099
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000100
以及
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000101
其中,
Y B3和Y B4各自独立地表示-H、-F、-Cl、-CN、-CH 3或-OCH 3
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式B的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.1%-30%,例如,0.1%、1%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%、11%、12%、13%、14%、15%、16%、17%、18%、20%、22%、24%、25%、26%、28%或30%。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,优选地,R B1和R B2各自独立地表示含有1-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-9个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基;进一步优选地,R B1和R B2各自独立地表示含有1-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、含有1-7个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-8个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基;再进一步优选地,R B1和R B2各自独立地表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链或支 链的烷基、含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链的烷氧基、或含有2-5个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,本发明的的液晶组合物还包含至少一种通式SA的自配向剂:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000102
其中,
R S1表示Sp-P、含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000103
其中含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000104
中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
R S2表示锚定基团:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000105
p表示1或2,当p表示2时,-Sp d-X 2可以相同或不同;
o表示0或1;
X 1和X 2各自独立地表示-H、-OH、-SH、-NH 2、-NHR 11、-NR 11 2、NHC(O)-R 11、-OR 11、-C(O)OH、-CHO或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的卤代或未卤代的烷基;
其中,X 1和X 2中至少一个选自-OH、-SH、-NH 2、-NHR 11、-C(O)OH或-CHO;
Sp a、Sp c和Sp d各自独立地表示间隔基团或单键;
Sp b各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000106
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000107
和环
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000108
各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000109
其中
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000110
中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代;
Ls各自独立地表示-F、-Cl、-CN、-NO 2、-NCO、-NCS、-OCN、-SCN、-C(O)N(R 0) 2、-C(O)R 0、含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000111
其中含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000112
中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F取代;
R 0和R 11各自独立地表示含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基;
P表示可聚合基团;
Sp表示间隔基团或单键;
n s1表示0或1;
n s2表示0、1、2或3,当n s2表示2或3时,
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000113
可以相同或不同;
p s1、p s2、p s3和p s4各自独立地表示0、1或2,其中,1≤p s1+p s2≤2;
p s5和p s6各自独立地表示0或1;并且
Z 1和Z 2各自独立地表示-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CH 2S-、-SCH 2-、-CF 2O-、-OCF 2-、-CF 2S-、-SCF 2-、-(CH 2) n-、-CF 2CH 2-、-CH 2CF 2-、-(CF 2) n-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CH=CF-、-CF=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-CO-O-、-O-CO-CH=CH-、-CH 2CH 2-CO-O-、-O-CO-CH 2CH 2-、-CR 1R 2-或单键,其中,R 1和R 2各自独立地表示-H或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基,并且n表示1-4的整数。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式SA的自配向剂选自由如下化合物组成的组:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000114
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000115
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000116
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000117
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000118
以及
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000119
在本发明的一些实施方案中,R S2表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000120
或-Sp a-X 1
在本发明的一些实施方案中,R S2表示
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000121
-Sp a-X 1
其中,Sp d’表示间隔基团或单键;
X 2’表示-H、-OH、-SH、-NH 2、-NHR 11、-NR 11 2、NHC(O)-R 11、-OR 11、-C(O)OH、-CHO或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的卤代或未卤代的烷基,其中R 11表示含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,R S2选自由如下基团组成的组:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000122
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000123
其中,
R S2由虚线键合至
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000124
环结构上。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,通式SA的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.001%~5%,例如0.001%、0.005%、0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.25%、0.3%、0.35%、0.4%、0.45%、0.5%、0.55%、0.6%、0.65%、0.7%、0.75%、0.8%、0.85%、0.9%、0.95%、1.0%、2%、3%、4%或5%等;优选地,通式SA的化合物占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.1%~2%。
除上述化合物以外,本发明的液晶组合物也可含有通常的向列型液晶、近晶型液晶、胆固醇型液晶、掺杂剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、红外线吸收剂、聚合性单体或光稳定剂等。
如下显示优选加入到根据本发明的液晶组合物中的可能的掺杂剂:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000125
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000126
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000127
以及
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000128
在本发明的一些实施方案中,掺杂剂占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0%-5%;优选地,掺杂剂占液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.01%-1%。
另外,本发明的液晶组合物中所使用的抗氧化剂、光稳定剂等添加剂优选以下物质:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000129
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000130
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000131
其中,n表示1-12的正整数。
优选地,光稳定剂选自如下所示的光稳定剂:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000132
在本发明的一些实施方案中,光稳定剂占液晶组合物的总重量百分比为0%-5%;优选地,光稳定剂占液晶组合物的总重量百分比为0.01%-1%;更优选地,光稳定剂占液晶组合物的总重量百分比为0.01%-0.1%。
即使在不存在聚合引发剂的情况下,本发明的含有可聚合化合物的液晶组合物也可以进行聚合,但为了促进聚合,其中还可以含有聚合引发剂。对于聚合引发剂,可以列举苯 偶姻醚类、二苯甲酮类、苯乙酮类、苯偶酰缩酮类、酰基氧化膦类等。
本发明的液晶组合物可以通过液晶组合物中的可聚合化合物的聚合而被赋予液晶取向能力,并且利用液晶组合物中的双折射而控制液晶显示器件中的透射光量。
对于可聚合化合物的聚合方法,由于期望聚合快速进行,因此优选通过照射紫外线或电子束等活性能量线来进行聚合的方法。在使用紫外线时,可以使用偏振光源,也可以使用非偏振光源。另外,在将液晶组合物夹持在两片基板之间的状态下进行聚合时,至少照射面侧的基板相对于活性能量线必须具有适当的透明性。另外,也可以在光照射时采用掩膜,仅使特定部分聚合,随后,通过改变电场、磁场或者温度等条件,使未聚合部分的取向状态产生变化,并且进一步照射活性能量线进行聚合。特别是在进行紫外线曝光时,优选在对液晶组合物施加电压的同时进行紫外线曝光。
紫外线或电子束等活性能量线照射时的温度优选为保持本发明液晶组合物的液晶状态的温度范围。优选在接近室温的温度(即,15-35℃)下进行聚合。对于产生紫外线的灯,可以使用金属卤化物灯、高压水银灯、超高压水银灯等。此外,对于所照射的紫外线的波长,优选照射波长在液晶组合物的吸收波长区域之外的紫外线,优选根据需要阻断紫外线而使用。所照射的紫外线的强度优选为0.1mW/cm 2-50mW/cm 2。在照射紫外线时,可以改变其强度,并且根据所照射的紫外线的强度适当选择照射紫外线的时间,优选10s-600s。
如本文中使用的,术语“倾斜”和“倾斜角”将理解为液晶分子相对于液晶显示器件(在本发明中,优选PSA型液晶显示器件)中液晶盒表面的倾斜配向。倾斜角表示液晶分子的纵向分子轴(液晶指向失)与液晶盒的外部板的表面之间形成的平均角度(<90°)。低值的倾斜角(即,大的偏离90°的角)对应于大的倾斜。
本发明还提供包含上述液晶组合物的液晶显示器件,优选地PSA型液晶显示器件,更优选地,PS-VA、PS-OCB、PS-IPS、PS-FFS、PS-UB-FFS、PS-正性-VA或PS-TN型液晶显示器件。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明的液晶组合物在维持适当的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性和适当的旋转粘度的情况下,还具有较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,使得包含其的液晶显示器件具有较宽的温度使用范围、较好的对比度、较好的低温互溶性,能够有效加快PSA型液晶显示器的生产进程,加快生产效率,同时能够有效改善现有PSA型液晶显示器中存在的“图像粘滞”、显示不均、“碎亮点”的问题,具有较高的实际应用价值。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施方案来说明本发明。需要说明的是,下面的实施例为本发明的示例,仅用来说明本发明,而不用来限制本发明。在不偏离本发明主旨或范围的情况下,可进行本发明构思内的其他组合和各种改良。
为便于表达,以下各实施例中,各化合物的基团结构用表1所列的代码表示:
表1化合物的基团结构代码
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000133
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000134
以如下结构式的化合物为例:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000135
该结构式如用表1所列代码表示,则可表达为:nCCGF,代码中的n表示左端烷基的C原子数,例如n为“3”,即表示该烷基为-C 3H 7;代码中的C代表1,4-亚环己基,G代表2-氟-1,4-亚苯基,F代表氟取代基。
以下实施例中测试项目的简写代号如下:
Cp          清亮点(向列相-各向同性相的转变温度,℃)
Δn         光学各向异性(589nm,25℃)
Δε        介电各向异性(1KHz,25℃)
γ 1         旋转粘度(mPa·s,25℃)
K 11         展曲弹性常数(25℃)
K 33         弯曲弹性常数(25℃)
t -20℃       在-20℃的低温储存时间(天)
Ra          粗糙度(nm)
PTA         预倾斜角(°,25℃)
ΔPTA       预倾斜角的稳定性(施加电压固定的时间后,预倾斜角变化,°)
VHR         电压保持率(%)
其中,
Cp:通过熔点仪测试获得。
Δn:在25℃使用阿贝折光仪在钠光灯(波长589nm)为光源测试获得。
Δε=ε ,其中,ε 为平行于分子轴的介电常数,ε 为垂直于分子轴的介电常数,测试条件:25℃、1KHz和VA型测试盒(盒厚6μm)。
γ 1:使用LCM-2型液晶物性评价系统测试得到;测试条件:25℃、160V-260V、测试盒厚20μm。
K 11和K 33:使用LCR仪和VA型测试盒测试液晶材料的C-V曲线,并且进行计算获得,测试条件:6μm的VA型测试盒,V=0.1-20V。
t -20℃:将向列相液晶介质置于玻璃瓶中,在-20℃保存,并且在观察到有晶体析出时所记录的时间。
Ra:将含有可聚合化合物的液晶组合物经过UV光照聚合后,冲洗掉液晶分子,然后使用原子力显微镜(AFM)测试聚合后的聚合物层的形貌粗糙度。
PTA:使用晶体旋转法,将液晶灌注于VA型测试盒(盒厚3.5μm),施加电压(15V,60Hz),同时使用紫外光UV1进行照射,使得可聚合化合物发生聚合形成预倾斜角PTA1,然后向已形成预倾斜角PTA1的液晶组合物继续照射紫外光UV2,以消除PTA1状态下残留的可聚合化合物,此时可聚合化合物形成的预倾斜角为PTA2。本发明通过比较UV1照射相同时间时形成的预倾斜角的大小(预倾斜角越小,聚合速度越快)或者比较形成相同 预倾斜角所需时间(所需时间越短,聚合速度越快)来考察可聚合化合物的聚合速度。
ΔPTA:将预倾斜角PTA的测试中使用的测试盒经过UV1步骤和UV2步骤形成88±0.2°的预倾斜角后,向测试盒施加60Hz的SW波、20V的AC电压和2V的DC电压,在40℃且存在背光的环境下,经过固定的时间段后,测试测试盒的预倾斜角,ΔPTA(168h)=PTA(初始)-PTA(168h),ΔPTA(168h)越小,表示预倾斜角的稳定性越好。
聚合物残留:在施加70min的UV2后,通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)对从液晶测试盒中洗脱出来的液晶进行检测,其中的可聚合化合物的含量称为聚合物残留。
VHR:在施加70min的UV2后,使用TOY06254型液晶物性评价系统测试,测试条件:60℃、5V、6Hz、盒厚3.5μm的VA型测试盒。
在以下的实施例中所采用的各成分,均可以通过公知的方法进行合成,或者通过商业途径获得。这些合成技术是常规的,所得到的各液晶化合物经测试符合电子类化合物标准。
按照以下实施例规定的各液晶组合物的配比制备液晶组合物。液晶组合物的制备是按照本领域的常规方法进行的,如采取加热、超声波、悬浮等方式按照比例混合制得。
以下各实施例中使用的可聚合化合物结构如下表2所示。
表2可聚合化合物的结构及代码
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000136
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000137
对比例1-4和实施例1-5
按表3中所列的各化合物及其重量百分数配制成对照Host-1、Host-1和Host-2的液晶组合物,并且将其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试。
表3液晶组合物的配方及性能参数测试结果
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000138
将可聚合化合物RM-01、RM-02、RM-03和RM-1分别加入100重量份数的液晶组合 物对照Host-1中,作为对比例1-3,将可聚合化合物RM-01加入100重量份数的液晶组合物Host-1中,作为对比例4,将可聚合化合物RM-1和RM-2分别加入100重量份数的液晶组合物Host-1中,作为实施例1-2,将可聚合化合物RM-1、RM-2、RM-3和RM-4分别加入100重量份数的液晶组合物Host-2中,作为实施例3-5,可聚合化合物的具体重量份数及相关性能测试结果如下表4所示:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000139
由对比例1-4和实施例1-5的对比可知,本发明的液晶组合物在维持适当的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性和适当的旋转粘度的情况下,还具有更大的介电各向异性绝对值、更大的K值、更长的低温储存时间、更小的聚合物层表面粗糙度,在UV1作用下,较短的时间内形成更小的预倾斜角,成角速度更快、在UV2作用70min后聚合物残留更低、VHR更高且预倾斜角稳定性更好。
对比例5-8和实施例6-10
按表5中所列的各化合物及其重量百分数配制成对照Host-2、Host-3和Host-4的液晶组合物,并且将其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试。
表5液晶组合物的配方及性能参数测试结果
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000140
将可聚合化合物RM-01、RM-02、RM-03和RM-1分别加入100重量份数的液晶组合 物对照Host-2中,作为对比例5-7,将可聚合化合物RM-01加入100重量份数的液晶组合物Host-3中,作为对比例8,将可聚合化合物RM-1和RM-2分别加入100重量份数的液晶组合物Host-3中,作为实施例6-7,将可聚合化合物RM-1、RM-2、RM-3和RM-4分别加入100重量份数的液晶组合物Host-4中,作为实施例8-10,可聚合化合物的具体重量份数及相关性能测试结果如下表6所示:
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000141
由对比例5-8和实施例6-10的对比可知,本发明的液晶组合物在维持适当的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性和适当的旋转粘度的情况下,还具有更大的介电各向异性绝对值、更大的K值、更长的低温储存时间、更小的聚合物层表面粗糙度,在UV1作用下,较短的时间内形成更小的预倾斜角,成角速度更快、在UV2作用70min后聚合物残留更低、VHR更高且预倾斜角稳定性更好。
实施例11
将0.6重量份数的SA-2-1的化合物
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000142
加入100重量份数的Host-1中,并且加入0.6重量份数的RM-1的可聚合化合物。将所得的液晶组合物填充至“无配向”的测试盒(盒厚度d均为3.5μm,在两侧上具有ITO涂层(在多域切换的情形下为结构化ITO),无配向层及无钝化层)中。
液晶显示器相对于基板表面形成自发的垂直配向,定向稳定直至清亮点及所得VA盒可以逆切换为止。需要交叉偏振器以显示切换。
通过使用如式SA-2-1的化合物的添加剂,基于Δε<0与垂直配向的组合,VA、PM-VA、PVA、MVA、HT-VA、VA-IPS及其他类似显示技术不再需配向层(例如,无PI涂层)。
实施例12
将0.6重量份数的SA-4-1的化合物
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000143
加入100重量份数的Host-2中,并且加入0.6重量份数的RM-2的可聚合化合物。将所得的液晶组合物填充至“无配向”的测试盒(盒厚度d均为3.5μm,在两侧上具有ITO涂层(在多域切换的情形下为结构化ITO),无配向层及无钝化层)中。
液晶显示器相对于基板表面形成自发的垂直配向,定向稳定直至清亮点及所得VA盒可以逆切换为止。需要交叉偏振器以显示切换。
通过使用如式SA-4-1化合物的添加剂,基于Δε<0与垂直配向的组合,VA、PM-VA、PVA、MVA、HT-VA、VA-IPS及其他类似显示技术不再需配向层(例如,无PI涂层)。
实施例13
将0.5重量份数的SA-4-2的化合物
Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-000144
加入100重量份数的Host-3中,并且加入0.5重量份数的RM-3的可聚合化合物。将所得的液晶组合物填充至“无配向”的测试盒(盒厚度d均为3.5μm,在两侧上具有ITO涂层(在多域切换的情形下为结构化ITO),无配向层及无钝化层)中。
液晶显示器相对于基板表面形成自发的垂直配向,定向稳定直至清亮点及所得VA盒可以逆切换为止。需要交叉偏振器以显示切换。
通过使用如式SA-4-2化合物的添加剂,基于Δε<0与垂直配向的组合,VA、PM-VA、PVA、MVA、HT-VA、VA-IPS及其他类似显示技术不再需配向层(例如,无PI涂层)。
综上,本发明的液晶组合物在维持适当的清亮点、适当的光学各向异性和适当的旋转粘度的情况下,还具有较大的介电各向异性绝对值、较大的K值、较长的低温储存时间、较小的聚合物层表面粗糙度、较小的预倾斜角、较快的成角速度、较低的聚合物残留、较高的VHR以及较好的预倾斜角稳定性,使得包含其的液晶显示器件具有较宽的温度使用范围、较好的对比度、较好的低温互溶性,能够有效加快PSA型液晶显示器的生产进程,加快生产效率,同时能够有效改善现有PSA型液晶显示器中存在的“图像粘滞”、显示不均、“碎亮点”的问题,具有较高的实际应用价值。
以上实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人了解本发明内容并加以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围,凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
工业实用性
本发明所涉及的液晶组合物可以应用于液晶领域。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物包含:
    至少一种通式I的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100001
    以及
    至少一种通式II的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100002
    其中,
    R 1表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链或支链的卤代或未卤代的烷基;
    R 2表示-H、卤素、-CN、-Sp 2-P 2、或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100004
    其中所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100006
    中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-能够分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,一个或更多个-H能够分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
    R 3表示-H、卤素、含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100007
    其中所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-能够以-O-不直接相连的方式分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100008
    中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100009
    和环
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100010
    各自独立地表示
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100011
    其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100012
    中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代,其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100013
    中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F、-Cl或-CN取代,并且一个或更多个环中-CH=可被-N=替代;
    A表示
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100014
    其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100015
    中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可分别独立地被X 1或X 2替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代,其中X 1表示-O-或-S-,X 2表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链的烷基;
    L各自独立地表示卤素、-CN或-Sp 2-P 2
    L 1和L 2各自独立地表示-H、卤素、含有1-3个碳原子的卤代烷基、或者含有1-3个碳原子的卤代烷氧基;
    P 1和P 2各自独立地表示可聚合基团;
    Sp 1和Sp 2各自独立地表示间隔基团或单键;
    X表示-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CF 2-、-NH-或-NF-;
    Z 1和Z 2各自独立地表示-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CH 2S-、-SCH 2-、-CF 2O-、-OCF 2-、-CF 2S-、-SCF 2-、-(CH 2) n-、-CF 2CH 2-、-CH 2CF 2-、-(CF 2) n-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CH=CF-、-CF=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-CO-O-、-O-CO-CH=CH-、-CH 2CH 2-CO-O-、-O-CO-CH 2CH 2-、-CR 1R 2-或单键,其中,R 1和R 2各自独立地表示-H或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基,并且n表示1-4的整数;
    Z 3、Z 4和Z 5各自独立地表示单键、-CH 2CH 2-、-CF 2CF 2-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CH 2O-或-OCH 2-;
    r 1、r 2和r 3各自独立地表示0、1、2或3,当r 1、r 2和r 3各自独立地表示2或3时,L可以相同或不同;
    n 1和n 2各自独立地表示0、1或2,且n 1+n 2≥1,当n 1表示2时,
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100016
    可以相同或不同,当n 2表示2时,
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100017
    可以相同或不同;并且
    n 3表示0、1或2,n 4表示0或1,当n 3表示2时,环
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100018
    可以相同或不同,Z 3可以相同或不同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式I的化合物选自如下化合物组成的组:
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100019
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100020
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100021
    以及
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100022
    其中,
    R 1表示含有1-5个碳原子的直链或支链的卤代或未卤代的烷基;
    P 1和P 2各自独立地表示可聚合基团;
    Sp 1和Sp 2各自独立地表示间隔基团或单键;
    L’和L”各自独立地表示-F、-Cl、-CN或-Sp 2-P 2
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式II的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100023
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100024
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100025
    以及
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100026
    其中,
    R 3表示-H、卤素、含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100027
    其中所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-能够以-O-不直接相连的方式分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100028
    中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100029
    和环
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100030
    各自独立地表示
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100031
    其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100032
    中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代,其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100033
    中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F、-Cl或-CN取代,并且一个或更多个环中-CH=可被-N=替代;以及
    Z 3和Z 5各自独立地表示单键、-CH 2CH 2-、-CF 2CF 2-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CH 2O-或-OCH 2-。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物还包含至少一种通式M的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100034
    其中,
    R M1和R M2各自独立地表示含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100035
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100036
    其中所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代;
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100037
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100038
    和环
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100039
    各自独立地表示
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100040
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100041
    其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100042
    中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代,并且其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100043
    中的至多一个-H可被卤素取代;
    Z M1和Z M2各自独立地表示单键、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-、-CH 2CH 2-或-(CH 2) 4-;并且
    n M表示0、1或2,其中当n M=2时,环
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100044
    可以相同或不同,Z M2可以相同或不同。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物还包含至少一 种通式N的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100045
    其中,
    R N1和R N2各自独立地表示含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100046
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100047
    其中所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代;
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100048
    和环
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100049
    各自独立地表示
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100050
    其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100051
    中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代,其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100052
    中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F、-Cl或-CN取代,并且一个或更多个环中-CH=可被-N=替代;
    Z N1和Z N2各自独立地表示单键、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH 2CH 2-、-CF 2CF 2-、-(CH 2) 4-、-CF 2O-或-OCF 2-;
    L N1和L N2各自独立地表示-H、含有1-3个碳原子的烷基或卤素;并且
    n N1表示0、1、2或3,n N2表示0或1,且0≤n N1+n N2≤3,其中当n N1=2或3时,环
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100053
    可以相同或不同,Z N1可以相同或不同。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式I的化合物占所述液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.001%~5%。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述通式II的化合物占所述液晶组合物的重量百分比为0.1%-25%。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物还包含至少一种通式SA的自配向剂:
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100054
    其中,
    R S1表示Sp-P、含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100055
    其中所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且含有1-12个碳 原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100056
    中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F或-Cl取代;
    R S2表示锚定基团:
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100057
    p表示1或2,当p表示2时,-Sp d-X 2可以相同或不同;
    o表示0或1;
    X 1和X 2各自独立地表示-H、-OH、-SH、-NH 2、-NHR 11、-NR 11 2、NHC(O)-R 11、-OR 11、-C(O)OH、-CHO或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的卤代或未卤代的烷基;
    其中,X 1和X 2中至少一个选自-OH、-SH、-NH 2、-NHR 11、-C(O)OH或-CHO;
    Sp a、Sp c和Sp d各自独立地表示间隔基团或单键;
    Sp b各自独立地表示
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100058
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100059
    和环
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100060
    各自独立地表示
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100061
    其中
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100062
    中的一个或更多个-CH 2-可被-O-替代,并且一个或更多个环中单键可被双键替代;
    Ls各自独立地表示-F、-Cl、-CN、-NO 2、-NCO、-NCS、-OCN、-SCN、-C(O)N(R 0) 2、-C(O)R 0、含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100063
    其中所述含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基中的一个或不相邻的两个以上的-CH 2-可分别独立地被-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代,并且含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基、
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100064
    中的一个或更多个-H可分别独立地被-F取代;
    R 0和R 11各自独立地表示含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基;
    P表示可聚合基团;
    Sp表示间隔基团或单键;
    n s1表示0或1;
    n s2表示0、1、2或3,当n s2表示2或3时,
    Figure PCTCN2022085767-appb-100065
    可以相同或不同;
    p s1、p s2、p s3和p s4各自独立地表示0、1或2,其中,1≤p s1+p s2≤2;
    p s5和p s6各自独立地表示0或1;并且
    Z 1和Z 2各自独立地表示-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-CO-O-、-CH 2O-、-OCH 2-、-CH 2S-、-SCH 2-、-CF 2O-、-OCF 2-、-CF 2S-、-SCF 2-、-(CH 2) n-、-CF 2CH 2-、-CH 2CF 2-、-(CF 2) n-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CH=CF-、-CF=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-CO-O-、-O-CO-CH=CH-、-CH 2CH 2-CO-O-、-O-CO-CH 2CH 2-、-CR 1R 2-或单键,其中,R 1和R 2各自独立地表示-H或含有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基,并且n表示1-4的整数。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶组合物还包含至少一种添加剂。
  10. 一种包含权利要求1-9中任一项所述的液晶组合物的液晶显示器件。
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