WO2022217620A1 - 一种摄像头、驾驶员监测系统和车辆 - Google Patents

一种摄像头、驾驶员监测系统和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022217620A1
WO2022217620A1 PCT/CN2021/087954 CN2021087954W WO2022217620A1 WO 2022217620 A1 WO2022217620 A1 WO 2022217620A1 CN 2021087954 W CN2021087954 W CN 2021087954W WO 2022217620 A1 WO2022217620 A1 WO 2022217620A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fill light
lens
light
camera
shielding portion
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/087954
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宫许彪
刘腾
杨京寰
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN202180006357.9A priority Critical patent/CN115500088A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/087954 priority patent/WO2022217620A1/zh
Publication of WO2022217620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022217620A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of intelligent driving, and in particular, to a camera, a driver monitoring system and a vehicle.
  • Cameras have become a must-have in-vehicle device.
  • the camera In order to capture clear images at night or in dim environments, the camera needs to have a fill light function.
  • the size of the camera has strict requirements, and the distance between the fill light and the lens is often small, which causes the stray light generated by the fill light to directly enter the lens, causing glare, which in turn reduces the image quality of the camera.
  • the present application provides a camera, a driver monitoring system and a vehicle, which can effectively prevent stray light generated by the fill light from entering the lens while ensuring a small size of the camera and a sufficient fill light effect.
  • a first aspect of the present application provides a camera, comprising: a casing, a first surface of the casing is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; a fill light, the fill light is disposed in the first through hole; a lens The lens is arranged in the second through hole; the shielding part is arranged outside the first through hole, and the shielding part protrudes by a preset height value along the outward extending direction of the fill light.
  • the shielding portion protrudes along the outward extending direction of the supplementary light, so the light emitted by the supplementary light can be blocked by the shielding portion, so as to suppress the light emitted by the supplementary light.
  • Direct incident into the lens thus, it is not necessary to increase the distance between the fill light and the lens or reduce the brightness of the fill light, and the imaging quality can also be improved, thus realizing the small size of the camera module and sufficient fill light
  • the stray light emitted by the fill light can be suppressed from directly entering the lens to improve the image quality.
  • the centerlines of the first through hole and the second through hole are parallel.
  • the shielding portion is provided on the casing. In this way, the structure can be made compact.
  • the camera further includes a fill light cover, the fill light cover includes a fill light lens, and the fill light cover is mounted on the housing and covers the first through hole.
  • the shielding portion is provided on the fill light cover.
  • the shielding portion includes a first shielding portion, and the first shielding portion is disposed between the fill light and the lens. In this way, the stray light generated by the fill light can be effectively suppressed from directly entering the lens.
  • the first shielding portion is a blocking wall disposed between the fill light and the lens.
  • the shielding portion is configured as a retaining wall surrounding the fill light. In this way, the stray light generated by the fill light can be more effectively suppressed from directly entering the lens.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shielding portion is a slope shape. In this way, the adverse effect of the protruding portion of the shielding portion on the light-filling effect can be reduced.
  • the top end of the shielding portion is rounded and chamfered. In this way, the adverse effect of the protruding portion of the shielding portion on the light-filling effect can be reduced.
  • the preset height value is between 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm. In this way, while ensuring a good light blocking effect, the camera can be restrained from being larger in size in the protruding direction of the blocking portion.
  • the shielding portion is a black light absorbing material.
  • the fill light is an infrared fill light.
  • the housing further includes a mounting portion, where the mounting portion is used to fix the camera.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a driver monitoring system, where the driver monitoring system includes a camera with any of the above structures.
  • a third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes the camera of any of the above structures.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a camera provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a camera provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of an example of a camera provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of another example of a camera provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of another example of a camera provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of another example of a camera provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of another example of a camera provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating that the three-dimensional structure of the camera and the light emitted by the fill light provided by the embodiment of the present application are successfully blocked.
  • 100 camera; 110, fill light assembly; 120, lens; 130, housing; 140, fill light cover; 150, fill light lens; 160, main circuit board; 170, lens fastener; 180, shell Body fastener; 131, front housing; 131a, first through hole; 131b, second through hole; 131c, first surface; X1, optical axis of lens; X2, optical axis of fill light; 132, rear Housing; 111, fill light; 112, fill light circuit board; 141, shielding part.
  • the light emitted by the fill light in the camera will directly enter the lens, causing glare, resulting in bright spots and decreased contrast in the image, which affects the image quality of the camera.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a camera, a driver monitoring system, and a vehicle.
  • the camera has a shielding portion, and the shielding portion is along the fill light. Bulges out by a preset height value in the outward extension direction. In this way, the light emitted by the fill light can be blocked from entering the lens through the shielding portion, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera, and the solution has no restrictions on the distance between the fill light and the lens, and the brightness of the fill light.
  • the cameras provided in the embodiments of the present application are not only applicable to vehicle-mounted scenarios, but also applicable to other application scenarios that require high camera performance and volume, for example, outdoor scenes with unpredictable lighting conditions, underground scenes. , dark places such as the interior environment of buildings.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structure of a camera 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the camera 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the camera 100 provided in this embodiment of the present application may include a fill light assembly 110, a lens 120, a housing 130, and a main circuit board (Main Printed Circuit Board, Main PCB) 160
  • the housing 130 includes The front housing 131 and the rear housing 132, the front housing 131 and the rear housing 132 can be assembled by the housing fasteners 180
  • the fill light assembly 110 includes the fill light 111 and the fill light circuit board 112
  • the fill light 111 is disposed on the fill light circuit board 112
  • the fill light circuit board 112 is used to control the fill light 111 to emit light.
  • X1 is the optical axis of the lens 120
  • X2 is the optical axis of the fill light 111 .
  • the fill light assembly 110 is mounted on the main circuit board 160, the main circuit board 160 is encapsulated between the front case 131 and the rear case 132, and the photosensitive element on the main circuit board 160 is located at The imaging plane of the lens 120 .
  • a first through hole 131 a and a second through hole 131 b are provided on the first surface 131 c of the front case 131 , and the center line of the first through hole 131 a and the center line of the second through hole 131 b In parallel, as such, the first through hole 131a and the second through hole 131b are adjacent and horizontally disposed.
  • the fill light 111 is disposed in the first through hole 131a, and the lens 120 is disposed in the second through hole 131b, so that the fill light 111 is adjacent to the lens 120 and disposed horizontally.
  • the adjacent arrangement of the fill light 111 and the lens 120 the illumination area of the fill light 111 and the shooting area of the lens 120 can be overlapped as much as possible, so as to obtain a better fill light effect.
  • the fill light 111 can be fixedly mounted on the fill light circuit board 112 and its main body is accommodated in the first through hole 131a, and the optical axis X2 of the fill light 111 is parallel to the center line of the first through hole 131a. Or coincidentally, the outward extension direction of the fill light 111 is the outward extension direction of its optical axis X2, and the outward extension direction of the first through hole 131a is the outward extension direction of its center line.
  • the outward extending direction is consistent with the outward extending direction of the first through hole 131a, and thus, when the fill light 111 emits light under the control of the fill light circuit board 112, the light emitted will pass through the first through hole 131a to the outside shoot.
  • the fill light 111 can also be directly fixedly installed in the first through hole 131a.
  • the outlet, the inlet or any position in the middle of the first through hole 131a is electrically connected to the circuit board 112 of the fill light at the same time.
  • the arrangement of the fill light 111 in the first through hole 131a is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation, and any arrangement applicable to the camera 100 in this embodiment of the present application should be included in the present application.
  • the fill light 111 may also be called a flash, and its function is to emit light to illuminate the external scene, so that the camera 100 can still capture a clear image of the external scene under dim conditions.
  • the field of view of the fill light 111 at least partially overlaps the field of view of the lens 120 .
  • the fill light 111 may be, but not limited to, various types of infrared fill light, white light and the like.
  • the fill light 111 can be an infrared fill light. Since the infrared light emitted by the infrared fill light is invisible and has a see-through effect, its illumination will not cause discomfort to human eyes, and is also conducive to high-quality imaging in dim conditions.
  • the optical axis X1 of the lens 120 is parallel to or coincident with the center line of the second through hole 131b, thus, the optical axis X1 of the lens 120 can be parallel to the optical axis X2 of the fill light 111, so that the fill light 111 is adjacent to the lens 120 and set it horizontally.
  • the lens 120 may be detachably installed in the second through hole 131b of the front case 131 through the lens fastener 170 .
  • the lens 120 may be fixedly installed in the second through hole 131 b of the front case 131 by the lens fastener 170 . It should be noted that the arrangement of the lens 120 in the second through hole 131b is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation manner, and any arrangement of the camera 100 applicable to this embodiment of the present application should be included in the present application.
  • the camera 100 may further include a fill light cover 140, the fill light cover 140 includes a fill light lens 150, and the fill light cover 140 is installed on the front housing 131 and covers the first through hole 131a.
  • the light emitted by the fill light 111 passes through the first through hole 131a and is transmitted through the fill light lens 150, and finally illuminates the actual scene.
  • the fill light cover 140 may be a part of the front housing 131, in other words, the fill light cover 140 and the front housing 131 may be an integral structure.
  • the fill light lens 150 may directly cover the The light outlet of the first through hole 131 a is fixed on the front casing 131 .
  • the fill light cover 140 may be an independent component with a light-passing hole, and the fill light cover 140 may be fixedly mounted on the front housing by welding, sticking or other various methods. 131 and cover the first through hole 131a, and the through hole of the fill light cover 140 is facing and communicated with the first through hole 131a, and the fill light lens 150 on the fill light cover 140 is fixedly installed on the fill light cover 140 and cover the opening of the light-passing hole and seal it.
  • the light emitted by the fill light 111 passes through the first through hole 131a and the light hole of the fill light cover 140 and is transmitted through the fill light lens 150, and finally illuminates the actual scene.
  • the supplementary light lens 150 may be packaged on the supplemental light cover 140 by means of sticking, injection molding integration, welding or any other applicable method.
  • the size and shape of the light through hole in the fill light cover 140 can be matched with the first through hole 131a of the front housing 131.
  • the light-passing hole may be a quadrangle, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the first through-hole 131 a of the front case 131 .
  • the shape and size of the light-passing hole in the fill light cover 140 are not limited to this.
  • the camera 100 includes a shielding portion 141 , the shielding portion 141 is disposed outside the first through hole 131 a , and the shielding portion 141 protrudes by a predetermined height along the outward extending direction of the fill light 111 .
  • the protruding portion of the shielding portion 141 can block the light emitted by the fill light 111 from entering the lens 120, so as to prevent the light emitted by the fill light 111 from entering the lens 120, which may cause excessive brightness in some parts of the lens 120 or occurrences in the front and rear of the lens 120.
  • the large brightness change can effectively improve the glare phenomenon, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera 100 .
  • the lateral distance between the fill light and the lens and the brightness of the fill light can be freely adjusted according to actual needs, which is conducive to further reducing The volume of the camera 100 and the enhancement of the fill light effect.
  • the shielding portion 141 is not higher than the center point of the front surface of the lens 120 . In this way, the shielding portion 141 can not only block the fill light from entering the lens 120 , but also prevent the shielding portion 141 from affecting the field of view of the lens 120 .
  • the protruding height of the shielding portion 141 along the outward extending direction of the supplementary light 111 may be the distance between the top end face of the shielding portion 141 and the light-emitting surface of the supplementary light lens 150 . In this way, by setting an appropriate preset height value, the protruding height of the shielding portion 141 relative to the light-emitting surface of the fill light lens 150 can be reasonably controlled, so as to obtain a better light-blocking effect.
  • the shielding portion 141 may be disposed on the housing 131 .
  • the shielding portion 141 may be directly disposed on the front case 131 . In this way, the structure can be made compact. At the same time, the manufacturing process and assembly process are relatively simple, which is beneficial to reduce costs.
  • the shielding portion 141 may be disposed on the fill light cover 140 .
  • the shielding portion 141 may be disposed on the fill light cover 140 . In this way, the assembling process of the shielding portion 141 is relatively simple, which is beneficial to reduce the cost.
  • the shielding portion 141 may be a part of the fill light cover 140 , that is, the shielding portion 141 and the fill light cover 140 may be an integral structure.
  • the shielding portion 141 may be an independent element that is fixedly installed on the fill light cover 140 .
  • the installation method and manufacturing process of the shielding portion 141 are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the shielding portion 141 can be fixedly installed on at least one side of the fill light lens 150 outside the first through hole 131a, and the shielding portion 141 protrudes in advance along the outward extending direction of the fill light 111. Set the height value.
  • the shielding portion 141 can be arranged on any one, two, three or four sides of its four sides, and the shielding portion 141 of each side is directed along the direction of the fill light 111 .
  • the protruding heights in the outward extending direction may be the same or different.
  • the shielding portion 141 may include a first shielding portion 141a, and the first shielding portion 141a is arranged on the side of the supplementary light. between the light 111 and the lens 120 . In this way, a better light blocking effect can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 shows a camera structure in which the shielding portion 141 is disposed on one side of the fill light lens 150 and located between the fill light 111 and the lens 120 .
  • the shielding portion 141 only includes the first shielding portion 141 a.
  • 4 and 5 respectively show the structure of the camera in which the shielding portions 141 are disposed on two side surfaces of the fill light lens 150 and the first shielding portion 141 a is located between the fill light 111 and the lens 120 .
  • 6 shows the structure of the camera in which the shielding parts 141 are arranged on three sides of the fill light lens 150 and the first shielding parts 141a thereof are located between the fill light 111 and the lens 120.
  • FIG. 7 shows a camera structure in which the shielding parts 141 are disposed on the four sides of the fill light lens 150 and the first shielding parts 141 a are located between the fill light 111 and the lens 120 .
  • the first shielding portion 141 a is a blocking wall disposed between the fill light 111 and the lens 120 . Since the structure of the retaining wall is in the shape of an inwardly inclined slope, the light emitted by the fill light 111 can be transmitted or reflected outward as much as possible while blocking the light emitted by the fill light 111 from directly entering the lens 120, which is beneficial to increase the The irradiated area of the fill light enhances the fill light effect.
  • the shielding portion 141 is disposed as a retaining wall surrounding the fill light 111 . In this way, the stray light generated by the fill light can be more effectively suppressed from directly entering the lens.
  • the specific structure of the protruding portion of the shielding portion 141 in the embodiment of the present application is not limited.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shielding portion 141 is a slope.
  • the light emitted by the supplementary light 111 can be transmitted or reflected outward as much as possible while preventing the light emitted by the supplementary light 111 from directly entering the lens 120, thereby reducing the effect of the protruding part of the shielding portion on the supplementary light effect.
  • the adverse effect is beneficial to increase the illumination area of the fill light and improve the fill light effect.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the shielding portion 141 may be an inclined shape with a side facing the fill light lens 150 lower than the side facing away from the fill light lens 150 .
  • the specific inclination angle and specific inclination structure of the cross-sectional shape of the shielding portion 141 may be predetermined by means such as simulation in combination with the parameters of the camera 100 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the blocking wall is a slope shape inclined toward the fill light lens 150 .
  • the top end of the shielding portion 141 may be rounded and chamfered. In this way, the light of the fill light can be reflected out, the irradiated area of the fill light can be increased, the adverse effect of the protruding part of the shielding part on the fill light effect can be reduced, and the fill light effect can be improved.
  • the top end of the shielding portion 141 may also have other shapes, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the preset height value is pre-determined through simulation based on parameters of the camera 100 .
  • the parameters of the camera 100 may include the lateral distance between the fill light 111 and the lens 120 , the brightness of the fill light 111 , and the like. It is found through simulation and actual measurement that a better light blocking effect can be obtained through the predetermined height without affecting the supplementary light effect of the supplementary light 111 .
  • the preset height value may be between 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm.
  • the preset height value may be 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm and the like. That is to say, the distance between the top end surface of the shielding portion 141 and the light-emitting surface of the supplementary light lens 150 may be between 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm.
  • the distance between the top end surface of the shielding portion 141 and the light-emitting surface of the fill light lens 150 may be 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, or the like.
  • the preset height value (ie, the distance between the top end face of the shielding portion 141 and the light-emitting surface of the fill light lens 150 ) can also be greater than 0.4 mm or other values, which can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation. It has been verified by simulation and actual measurement that when the height of the shielding portion 141 along the outward extension direction of the supplementary light 111 is not less than the preset height value, better light blocking can be obtained without affecting the supplementary light effect of the supplementary light 111. In this way, the size of the camera 100 in the protruding direction of the shielding portion 141 is suppressed to be large.
  • the shielding portion 141 is made of black light-absorbing material, and the lens 150 of the fill light is made of light-transmitting material.
  • the specific material selection of the shielding portion 141 and the lens 150 of the supplementary light is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the fill light lens 150 may be made of a material that transmits infrared rays, and the shielding portion 141 may be made of a material that blocks infrared rays.
  • the front housing 131 may further include a mounting portion (not shown in the figure), and the mounting portion is used to fix the camera 100.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating that the fill light of the camera 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application is blocked by the protruding part of the shielding portion 141 .
  • the solid black arrow in FIG. 8 represents the fill light.
  • the light emitted by the fill light 111 (not shown in FIG. 8 ) is transmitted to the illuminated object through the fill light lens 150 , and then reflected by the illuminated object into the lens 120 for imaging. Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 8 , the light transmitted through the light emitting surface of the fill light lens 150 will be incident on the protruding portion of the shielding portion 141 , and will be absorbed or reflected by the convex portion of the shielding portion 141 .
  • the protruding portion of the shielding portion 141 can effectively block the light of the fill light entering the lens 120, thereby improving the imaging quality.
  • the protruding part of the shielding portion 141 has successfully blocked most of the stray light emitted by the fill light 111, the lateral distance between the fill light 111 and the lens 120 and the brightness of the fill light 111 will no longer be limited, which is convenient for The lateral distance between the fill light 111 and the lens 120 and the brightness of the fill light 111 can be freely adjusted according to actual needs, which is beneficial to further reduce the volume of the camera 100 and improve the fill light effect.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a driver monitoring system, where the driver monitoring system includes the aforementioned camera 100 .
  • the driver monitoring system includes the aforementioned camera 100 .
  • the driver monitoring system of the embodiment of the present application can capture high-quality images of scenes inside and outside the vehicle under poor lighting conditions, and further Assisted driving with this high-quality image.
  • the volume of the camera 100 can be reduced as required, the camera 100 has greater degrees of freedom in installation positions and deployment quantities inside and outside the vehicle, which facilitates capturing images with more viewing angles.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, and the vehicle includes the aforementioned camera 100 .
  • the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present application can perform high-quality imaging of the scene inside and outside the vehicle under dim conditions, and at the same time, since the volume of the camera 100 can be reduced as required, the installation area of the camera 100 can be reduced accordingly.
  • the cameras 100 are installed inside and outside the vehicle.
  • the distance between the fill light and the lens, and the brightness of the fill light are no longer limited by the glare problem, and the solution of the embodiment of the present application is adopted, and the distance between the fill light and the lens, and the brightness of the fill light are all equal. It can be freely set or adjusted as needed, which helps to reduce the volume of the camera and improve the illumination effect of the fill light while improving the image quality of the camera.
  • the camera of the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure, can adopt the existing manufacturing process and assembly process, has low cost, wide application range and high commercial value.

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Abstract

一种摄像头（100）、驾驶员监测系统和车辆，摄像头（100）包括：壳体（131），壳体（131）的第一面（131c）上设置有第一通孔（131a）和第二通孔（131b）；补光灯（111），补光灯（111）设置于第一通孔（131a）；镜头（120），镜头（120）设置于第二通孔（131b）；遮挡部（141），遮挡部（141）设置于第一通孔（131a）外，遮挡部（141）沿补光灯（111）向外延伸方向凸出预设高度值。能够在补光灯（111）与镜头（120）的间距和补光灯（111）亮度不受限的情况下，有效避免补光灯（111）产生的杂光进入镜头（120）。摄像头（100）可应用于智能汽车。

Description

一种摄像头、驾驶员监测系统和车辆 技术领域
本申请涉及智能驾驶技术领域，尤其涉及一种摄像头、驾驶员监测系统和车辆。
背景技术
摄像头已成为必备的车载设备。为便于在夜晚或昏暗环境中采集到清晰图像，摄像头需具备补光功能。然而，因空间有限，摄像头的大小有较为严格的要求，其补光灯与镜头往往间距较小，这导致补光灯产生的杂光会直接进入镜头，造成眩光，进而降低摄像头的成像质量。
发明内容
本申请提供一种摄像头、驾驶员监测系统和车辆，能够在保证摄像头体积较小和较充分的补光效果的情况下，有效避免补光灯产生的杂光进入镜头。
本申请第一方面提供一种摄像头，其包括：壳体，壳体的第一面上设置有第一通孔和第二通孔；补光灯，补光灯设置于第一通孔；镜头，镜头设置于第二通孔；遮挡部，遮挡部设置于第一通孔外，遮挡部沿补光灯向外延伸方向凸出预设高度值。
采用具有如上结构的摄像头，由于摄像头包括遮挡部，遮挡部沿补光灯向外延伸方向凸出，因此，能够由遮挡部对补光灯发出的光线进行遮挡，以抑制补光灯发出的光线直接入射到镜头中，从而，不必增大补光灯与镜头的间距或者减小补光灯亮度，也能够提升成像质量，从而实现了在能够保证摄像头模组体积较小和较充分的补光效果的情况下，抑制补光灯发出的杂光直接进入镜头而提升成像质量。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，第一通孔和第二通孔的中心线平行。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，遮挡部设置在壳体上。如此，能够使结构紧凑。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，摄像头还包括补光灯盖，补光灯盖包括补光灯镜片，补光灯盖安装于壳体上并覆盖第一通孔。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，遮挡部设置于补光灯盖上。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，遮挡部包括第一遮挡部，第一遮挡部设置于补光灯和镜头之间。如此，能够有效地抑制补光灯产生的杂光直接进入镜头中。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，第一遮挡部为设置于补光灯和镜头之间的挡墙。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，遮挡部设置为环绕补光灯的挡墙。如此，能够更加有效地抑制补光灯产生的杂光直接进入镜头中。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，遮挡部截面形状为斜坡状。如此，能够减小遮挡部的凸出部分对补光效果的不利影响。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，遮挡部顶端为圆形倒角。如此，能够减小 遮挡部的凸出部分对补光效果的不利影响。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，预设高度值在0.2mm～0.4mm之间。如此，能够在保证良好的挡光效果的同时抑制摄像头在遮挡部的凸出方向上尺寸较大。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，遮挡部为黑色吸光材料。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，补光灯为红外补光灯。
作为第一方面的一种可能的实现方式，壳体还包括安装部，安装部用于固定摄像头。
本申请第二方面提供一种驾驶员监测系统，所述驾驶员监测系统包括上述任一种结构的摄像头。
本申请第三方面提供一种车辆，该车辆包括上述任一种结构的摄像头。
本申请的这些和其它方面在以下(多个)实施例的描述中会更加简明易懂。
附图说明
以下参照附图来进一步说明本申请的各个特征和各个特征之间的联系。附图均为示例性的，一些特征并不以实际比例示出，并且一些附图中可能省略了本申请所涉及领域的惯常的且对于本申请非必要的特征，或是额外示出了对于本申请非必要的特征，附图所示的各个特征的组合并不用以限制本申请。另外，在本说明书全文中，相同的附图标记所指代的内容也是相同的。具体的附图说明如下：
图1是本申请实施例提供的摄像头的立体结构示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的摄像头的爆炸图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的摄像头一示例的俯视图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的摄像头另一示例的俯视图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的摄像头又一示例的俯视图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的摄像头又一示例的俯视图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的摄像头又一示例的俯视图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的摄像头的立体结构及其补光灯发出的光被成功阻挡的示意图。
附图标记说明
100、摄像头；110、补光灯组件；120、镜头；130、壳体；140、补光灯盖；150、补光灯镜片；160、主电路板；170、镜头紧固件；180、壳体紧固件；131、前壳体；131a、第一通孔；131b、第二通孔；131c、第一面；X1、镜头的光轴；X2、补光灯的光轴；132、后壳体；111、补光灯；112、补光灯电路板；141、遮挡部。
具体实施方式
说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语“包括”不应解释为限制于其后列出的内容；它不排除其它的元件或步骤。因此，其应当诠释为指定所提到的所述特征、整体、步骤或部件的存在，但并不排除存在或添加一个或更多其它特征、整体、步骤或部件及其组群。因此，表述“包括装置A和B的设备”不应局限为仅由部件A和B组成的设备。
本说明书中提到的“一个实施例”或“实施例”意味着与该实施例结合描述的特定 特征、结构或特性包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。因此，在本说明书各处出现的用语“在一个实施例中”或“在实施例中”并不一定都指同一实施例，但可以指同一实施例。此外，在一个或多个实施例中，能够以任何适当的方式组合各特定特征、结构或特性，如从本公开对本领域的普通技术人员显而易见的那样。
如前文所述，摄像头中补光灯发出的光会直接进入镜头，引起眩光，导致成像出现亮斑、对比度下降，影响了摄像头的成像质量。
为解决因补光灯发出的光进入镜头而降低摄像头成像质量的问题，相关技术的方案及其缺陷如下：
1)增大补光灯与镜头的间距，以减少进入镜头的杂光，进而降低杂光对成像质量的不良影响。因补光灯和镜头的横向距离直接决定了摄像头的横向尺寸，补光灯和镜头的横向距离越大，摄像头的体积越大，因此，该方案必然会增大摄像头的体积，加大其安装面积，不适用于空间有限且安装条件严苛的车载环境。
2)降低补光灯亮度以减小杂光强度，进而降低杂光对成像质量的影响。该方案的缺陷是：影响补光效果，导致整体画面偏暗。并且，为了维持成像亮度，摄像头的图像处理器(Image Signal Processor，ISP)需采用数字增益的方式提亮画面，这又将导致画面噪声增加，进而影响成像质量。
鉴于此，为解决补光灯发出的杂光进入镜头而降低摄像头成像质量的问题，本申请实施例提供一种摄像头、驾驶员监测系统和车辆，摄像头具有遮挡部，且遮挡部沿补光灯向外延伸方向凸出预设高度值。由此，通过遮挡部即可阻挡补光灯发出的光进入镜头内，从而提升摄像头的成像质量，且该方案对补光灯与镜头的间距、补光灯亮度均无限制。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的摄像头不仅可适用于车载场景，更可适用于其他对摄像头的性能和体积均需求较高的应用场景，例如，照明条件变幻莫测的户外场景，地下、建筑物内部环境等昏暗场所。
图1示出了本申请实施例提供的摄像头100的示例性结构。图2示出了本申请实施例提供的摄像头100的爆炸图。参见图1和图2所示，本申请实施例提供的摄像头100可包括补光灯组件110、镜头120、壳体130、主电路板(Main Printed Circuit Board，Main PCB)160，壳体130包括前壳体131和后壳体132，前壳体131和后壳体132可以通过壳体紧固件180组装，补光灯组件110包括补光灯111和补光灯电路板112，补光灯111设置在补光灯电路板112上，补光灯电路板112用于控制补光灯111发光。另外，图2中X1为镜头120的光轴，X2为补光灯111的光轴。
参见图1和图2所示，补光灯组件110安装在主电路板160上，主电路板160封装在前壳体131和后壳体132之间，且主电路板160上的感光元件位于镜头120的成像面。
参见图1和图2所示，前壳体131的第一面131c上设置有第一通孔131a和第二通孔131b，第一通孔131a的中心线与第二通孔131b的中心线平行，如此，第一通孔131a和第二通孔131b相邻且水平设置。
参见图1和图2所示，补光灯111设置于第一通孔131a，镜头120设置于第二通孔131b，由此，补光灯111与镜头120相邻且水平设置。通过补光灯111与镜头 120的相邻设置，可使补光灯111的照射区域与镜头120的拍摄区域尽可能重叠，从而取得较佳的补光效果。
一些实施例中，补光灯111可以固定安装在补光灯电路板112上且其主体容纳于第一通孔131a中，补光灯111的光轴X2与第一通孔131a的中心线平行或重合，补光灯111向外延伸方向即为其光轴X2向外延伸方向，第一通孔131a的向外延伸方向即其中心线向外延伸方向，也就是说，补光灯111的向外延伸方向和第一通孔131a的向外延伸方向一致，由此，补光灯111在补光灯电路板112的控制下发光时，其发出的光将通过第一通孔131a向外射出。
一些实施例中，补光灯111也可直接固定安装在第一通孔131a中。例如，第一通孔131a的出口、入口或中间任意位置，同时与补光灯电路板112电连接。
需要说明的是，补光灯111在第一通孔131a中的设置方式不限于上述实现方式，任何可适用于本申请实施例摄像头100的设置方式均应包含在本申请内。
补光灯111也可称为闪光灯，其作用是发射光以照亮外部场景，使得摄像头100在昏暗条件下依然能够采集到外部场景的清晰图像。补光灯111的视场至少部分地与镜头120的视场重叠。补光灯111可以是但不限于红外补光灯、白光灯等各种类型。优选地，补光灯111可以是红外补光灯，因红外补光灯发出的红外光不可见并且具有透视作用，其照射不会引起人眼不适，同时还利于昏暗条件的高质量成像。
来自外部场景的光线进入镜头120以通过镜头120对外部场景进行成像。镜头120的光轴X1与第二通孔131b的中心线平行或重合，由此，镜头120的光轴X1可与补光灯111的光轴X2平行，使得补光灯111与镜头120相邻且水平设置。一些实施例中，镜头120可以通过镜头紧固件170可拆卸地安装在前壳体131的第二通孔131b中。一些实施例中，镜头120可通过镜头紧固件170固定安装在前壳体131的第二通孔131b中。需要说明的是，镜头120在第二通孔131b中的设置方式不限于上述实现方式，任何可适用于本申请实施例摄像头100的设置方式均应包含在本申请中。
摄像头100还可包括补光灯盖140，补光灯盖140包括补光灯镜片150，补光灯盖140安装于前壳体131上并覆盖第一通孔131a。工作时，补光灯111发出的光穿过第一通孔131a经补光灯镜片150透射而出，最终照射在实际场景中。
一些实施例中，补光灯盖140可以是前壳体131的一部分，换言之，补光灯盖140和前壳体131可以是一体结构，该实施例中，补光灯镜片150可以直接覆盖在第一通孔131a的出光口并固定在前壳体131上。
一些实施例中，参见图2所示，补光灯盖140可以是一独立元件，其具有一通光孔，补光灯盖140可通过诸如焊接、粘贴或其他各类方式固定安装在前壳体131上并覆盖第一通孔131a，且补光灯盖140的通光孔正对第一通孔131a并与其相通，补光灯盖140上的补光灯镜片150固定安装在补光灯盖140上且覆盖在通光孔的开口处并将其密封。工作时，补光灯111发出的光穿过第一通孔131a、补光灯盖140的通光孔经补光灯镜片150透射而出，最终照射在实际场景中。
具体应用中，可通过诸如粘贴、注塑一体化、焊接或其他任何可适用的方式将补光灯镜片150封装在补光灯盖140上。
具体应用中，补光灯盖140中通光孔的尺寸、形状可以与前壳体131的第一通孔 131a相匹配。以图1和图2为例，通光孔可以是四边形，其内径略大于前壳体131的第一通孔131a。本领域技术人员可以理解，补光灯盖140中通光孔的形状、尺寸不限于此。
需要说明的是，上述实施例仅为示例，本申请实施例中对补光灯盖140的具体结构及其安装方式不作限制。
摄像头100中包括遮挡部141，遮挡部141设置于第一通孔131a外，遮挡部141沿补光灯111向外延伸方向凸出预设高度值。如此，通过遮挡部141的凸出部分可以阻挡补光灯111发出的光进入镜头120，避免因补光灯111发出的光进入镜头120而引起镜头120内局部地方出现过高亮度或前后发生过大的亮度变化，有效改善眩光现象，从而提升摄像头100的成像质量。并且，通过具有凸出部分的遮挡部141来阻挡补光灯111发出的光进入镜头120，可方便地根据实际需要自由调整补光灯与镜头的横向距离、补光灯亮度，有利于进一步缩小摄像头100的体积和提升补光效果。
一些实施例中，遮挡部141不高于镜头120前表面中心点。如此，不仅可通过遮挡部141阻挡补光灯光线进入镜头120，还可避免遮挡部141影响镜头120的视场。
一些实施例中，遮挡部141沿补光灯111向外延伸方向凸出的高度可以是遮挡部141的顶端端面与补光灯镜片150出光面之间的距离。如此，通过设置合适的预设高度值，即可合理控制遮挡部141相对于补光灯镜片150出光面的凸出高度，以取得较佳的挡光效果。
一些实施例中，遮挡部141可以设置在壳体131上。例如，补光灯盖140与前壳体131为一体结构时，遮挡部141可以直接设置在前壳体131上。这样，能够使结构紧凑。同时，制造工艺和组装工艺相对简单，有利于降低成本。
一些实施例中，遮挡部141可以设置于补光灯盖140上。例如，补光灯盖140是设置于前壳体131上的独立元件时，遮挡部141可以设置在补光灯盖140上。这样，遮挡部141的组装工艺较为简单，有利于降低成本。
具体应用中，遮挡部141可以是补光灯盖140的一部分，即遮挡部141和补光灯盖140可以是一体结构。或者，遮挡部141可以是固定安装在补光灯盖140上的独立元件。遮挡部141的安装方式、制造工艺，本申请实施例不做限制。
参见图1和图2所示，遮挡部141可以固定安装在补光灯镜片150的至少一侧，位于第一通孔131a外，且遮挡部141沿补光灯111向外延伸方向凸出预设高度值。
以截面为四边形的补光灯镜片150为例，遮挡部141可以设置在其四个侧面中任一个、两个、三个或四个侧面，每个侧面的遮挡部141沿补光灯111向外延伸方向凸出的高度可以相同、也可不同。发明人经过仿真实验发现，进入透镜的补光灯光线以靠近镜头120一侧出射的光线为主，因此，优选的，遮挡部141可以包括第一遮挡部141a，第一遮挡部141a设置于补光灯111和镜头120之间。这样，可以取得较佳的挡光效果。
图3示出了遮挡部141设置在补光灯镜片150的一个侧面且位于补光灯111和镜头120之间的摄像头结构，该示例中遮挡部141仅包含了第一遮挡部141a。图4和图5分别示出了遮挡部141设置在补光灯镜片150的两个侧面且其第一遮挡部141a位于补光灯111和镜头120之间的摄像头结构。图6示出了遮挡部141设置在补光灯镜片 150的三个侧面且其第一遮挡部141a位于补光灯111和镜头120之间的摄像头结构。图7示出了遮挡部141设置在补光灯镜片150的四个侧面且其第一遮挡部141a位于补光灯111和镜头120之间的摄像头结构。
一示例中，第一遮挡部141a为设置于所述补光灯111和镜头120之间的挡墙。因挡墙结构呈现为向内倾斜的坡状，可以在阻挡补光灯111发出的光直接进入镜头120的同时，尽可能多地向外透射或反射补光111发出的光，有利于增大补光灯的照射面积，提升补光效果。
一示例中，遮挡部141设置为环绕补光灯111的挡墙。如此，能够更加有效地抑制补光灯产生的杂光直接进入镜头中。
本申请实施例中遮挡部141的凸出部分的具体结构不作限制。
一些实施例中，遮挡部141截面形状为斜坡状。采用斜坡状，可以在阻挡补光灯111发出的光直接进入镜头120的同时，尽可能多地向外透射或反射补光111发出的光，减小遮挡部的凸出部分对补光效果的不利影响，有利于增大补光灯的照射面积，提升补光效果。一示例中，遮挡部141截面形状可以是朝向补光灯镜片150的一侧低于其背对补光灯镜片150的一侧的倾斜状。这里，遮挡部141截面形状的具体倾斜角度、具体倾斜结构，可以结合摄像头100的参数采用诸如仿真等手段来预先确定。例如，遮挡部141设置为挡墙时，该挡墙的截面形状即为朝向补光灯镜片150倾斜的斜坡状。
一些实施例中，遮挡部141顶端可以为圆形倒角。这样，可以将补光灯的光线反射出去，增大补光灯的照射面积，减小遮挡部的凸出部分对补光效果的不利影响，提升补光效果。其他实施例中，遮挡部141顶端还可以是其他形状，对此，本申请实施例不作限制。
一些实施例中，预设高度值是基于摄像头100的参数通过仿真而预先确定的，摄像头100的参数可以包括补光灯111与镜头120的横向距离、补光灯111的亮度等。经仿真实测发现，通过该预定高度能够在不影响补光灯111补光效果的前提下取得较佳的挡光效果。
一些示例中，预设高度值可以在0.2mm～0.4mm之间。优选地，预设高度值可以是0.2mm、0.25mm、0.3mm、0.4mm等。也就是说，遮挡部141的顶端端面与补光灯镜片150出光面之间的距离可以在0.2mm～0.4mm之间。优选地，遮挡部141的顶端端面与补光灯镜片150出光面之间的距离可以是0.2mm、0.25mm、0.3mm、0.4mm等。当然，预设高度值(即遮挡部141的顶端端面与补光灯镜片150出光面之间的距离)还可以大于0.4mm或是其他数值，具体可根据实际情况灵活调整。经仿真实测验证，遮挡部141沿补光灯111向外延伸方向凸出的高度不小于该预设高度值时，能够在不影响补光灯111补光效果的前提下取得较佳的挡光效果，同时抑制摄像头100在遮挡部141的凸出方向上尺寸较大。
本申请实施例中，遮挡部141为黑色吸光材料，补光灯镜片150为透光材料。遮挡部141和补光灯镜片150的具体选材，本申请实施例不作限制。一些示例中，补光灯镜片150可以由透射红外线的材料制成，遮挡部141可以由遮挡红外线的材料制成。
一些实施例中，前壳体131还可包括安装部(图中未示出)，安装部用于固定摄 像头100。
图8示出本申请实施例提供的摄像头100的补光灯光线被遮挡部141的凸出部分阻挡的示意图，图8中黑色箭头实线表示补光灯光线。摄像头100工作时，补光灯111(图8中未示出)发出的光经补光灯镜片150透射到被照物体上，经被照物体反射进入镜头120以进行成像。同时，参见图8所示，经补光灯镜片150的出光面透射出的光会入射到遮挡部141的凸出部分上，被遮挡部141的凸出部分吸收或反射。可见，通过遮挡部141的凸出部分可以有效阻挡进入镜头120的补光灯光线，从而提升成像质量。同时，因遮挡部141的凸出部分已成功阻挡了补光灯111发出的大部分杂光，补光灯111与镜头120的横向距离、补光灯111的亮度将不再受限，可方便地根据实际需要自由调整补光灯111与镜头120的横向距离和补光灯111的亮度，有利于进一步缩小摄像头100的体积和提升补光效果。
本申请实施例还提供一种驾驶员监测系统，该驾驶员监测系统包括上述的摄像头100。因摄像头100在昏暗条件下可高质量成像且其体积可根据需要来减小，因此，本申请实施例的驾驶员监测系统可以在照明不良的条件下捕捉到车辆内外场景的高质量图像，进而通过该高质量图像进行辅助驾驶。并且，因摄像头100的体积可根据需要减小，摄像头100在车辆内外的安装位置、部署数量等自由度更大，方便捕捉到更多视角的图像。
本申请实施例还提供了一种车辆，该车辆包括上述的摄像头100。本申请实施例提供的车辆，能够在昏暗条件下对车辆内外场景进行高质量成像，同时因摄像头100体积可根据需要减小，其安装占用面积即相应减小，如此，可方便地根据需要将摄像头100安装在车辆内外各处。
本申请实施例的摄像头可获得如下的有益效果：
1)经仿真实测发现，镜头只接收到补光灯发光量的0.00123％，这表明本申请实施例的摄像头中补光灯镜片150的下沉设计或者说遮挡部141的凸出设计成功阻隔了补光灯的大部分杂光直接折射进入镜头，从而改善眩光问题，大大提升成像质量。
2)本申请实施例的摄像头，补光灯与镜头的间距、补光灯亮度不再受限于眩光问题，采用本申请实施例的方案，补光灯与镜头的间距、补光灯亮度均可根据需要自由设定或调整，在提升摄像头成像质量的同时，有利于减小摄像头的体积、提升补光灯的照射效果。
3)本申请实施例的摄像头，结构简单，可采用现有制造工艺和组装工艺，成本低，应用范围广，商业价值高。
注意，上述仅为本申请的较佳实施例及所运用的技术原理。本领域技术人员会理解，本申请不限于这里所述的特定实施例，对本领域技术人员来说能够进行各种明显的变化、重新调整和替代而不会脱离本申请的保护范围。因此，虽然通过以上实施例对本申请进行了较为详细的说明，但是本申请不仅仅限于以上实施例，在不脱离本申请的构思的情况下，还可以包括更多其他等效实施例，均属于本申请的保护范畴。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种摄像头，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体(131)，所述壳体(131)的第一面上设置有第一通孔和第二通孔；
    补光灯(111)，所述补光灯(111)设置于所述第一通孔；
    镜头(120)，所述镜头(120)设置于所述第二通孔；
    遮挡部(141)，所述遮挡部(141)设置于所述第一通孔外，所述遮挡部沿补光灯向外延伸方向凸出预设高度值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述第一通孔(131a)和第二通孔(131b)的中心线平行。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述遮挡部(141)设置在所述壳体(131)上。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述摄像头还包括补光灯盖(140)，所述补光灯盖(140)包括补光灯镜片(150)，所述补光灯盖(120)安装于所述壳体(131)上并覆盖所述第一通孔。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述遮挡部(141)设置于所述补光灯盖(140)上。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5任一项所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述遮挡部(141)包括第一遮挡部(141a)，所述第一遮挡部(141a)设置于所述补光灯(111)和所述镜头(120)之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述第一遮挡部(141a)为设置于所述补光灯(111)和所述镜头(120)之间的挡墙。
  8. 根据权利要求3至5任一项所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述遮挡部(141)设置为环绕所述补光灯(111)的挡墙。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8任一项所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述遮挡部(141)截面形状为斜坡状。
  10. 根据权利要求6至8任一项所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述遮挡部(141)顶端为圆形倒角。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述预设高度值 在0.2mm～0.4mm之间。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11任一项所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述遮挡部(141)为黑色吸光材料。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任一项所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述补光灯(111)为红外补光灯。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13任一项所述的摄像头，其特征在于，所述壳体(131)还包括安装部，所述安装部用于固定所述摄像头。
  15. 一种驾驶员监测系统，其特征在于，所述驾驶员监测系统包括如权利要求1至14任一项所述的摄像头。
  16. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括如权利要求1至14所述的摄像头。
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