WO2022214915A1 - 表示装置、電子機器および表示装置の作製方法 - Google Patents
表示装置、電子機器および表示装置の作製方法 Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
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- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
- H10K59/1213—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements the pixel elements being TFTs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/123—Connection of the pixel electrodes to the thin film transistors [TFT]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/90—Assemblies of multiple devices comprising at least one organic light-emitting element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/60—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/621—Providing a shape to conductive layers, e.g. patterning or selective deposition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
- G09G2300/0421—Structural details of the set of electrodes
- G09G2300/0426—Layout of electrodes and connections
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
- G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
- G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/87—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K59/871—Self-supporting sealing arrangements
Definitions
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a display device. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a display device.
- one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field.
- Technical fields of one embodiment of the present invention disclosed in this specification and the like include semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, memory devices, electronic devices, lighting devices, input devices, input/output devices, and driving methods thereof. , or methods for producing them, can be mentioned as an example.
- a semiconductor device refers to all devices that can function by utilizing semiconductor characteristics.
- Devices that require high-definition display panels include, for example, smartphones, tablet terminals, and notebook computers.
- stationary display devices such as television devices and monitor devices are also required to have higher definition accompanying higher resolution.
- devices that require the highest definition include, for example, devices for virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR).
- VR virtual reality
- AR augmented reality
- Display devices that can be applied to the display panel typically include liquid crystal display devices, light-emitting devices equipped with light-emitting elements such as organic EL (Electro Luminescence) elements and light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and electrophoretic display devices.
- Examples include electronic paper that performs display by, for example.
- the basic structure of an organic EL device is to sandwich a layer containing a light-emitting organic compound between a pair of electrodes. By applying a voltage to this device, light can be obtained from the light-emitting organic compound.
- a display device to which such an organic EL element is applied does not require a backlight, which is required in a liquid crystal display device or the like.
- Patent Document 1 describes an example of a display device using an organic EL element.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a display device for VR using an organic EL device.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device with high display quality.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable display device.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device with low power consumption.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device that can easily achieve high definition.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device having both high display quality and high definition.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a high-contrast display device.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device having a novel structure or a method for manufacturing the display device.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the above display device with high yield.
- One aspect of the present invention aims to alleviate at least one of the problems of the prior art.
- One embodiment of the present invention includes a display portion, a first wiring, a second wiring, a third wiring, and a fourth wiring, and the display portion includes a first pixel, a second pixel, and a fourth wiring.
- the second pixel is located between the first pixel and the third pixel in plan view, and the first pixel, the second pixel, and the third pixel are each the first sub-pixel and , and a second sub-pixel, the first wiring has a function of applying a first potential to the second sub-pixel of the first pixel, and the second wiring is connected to the first sub-pixel of the second pixel.
- the third wiring has a function of applying the first potential to the second sub-pixel of the second pixel
- the fourth wiring has a function of applying the first potential to the first sub-pixel of the third pixel.
- the first wiring and the second wiring are adjacent, the third wiring and the fourth wiring are adjacent, and the distance between the first wiring and the second wiring is the third wiring and the third wiring.
- the display device is shorter than the distance from the 4 wires.
- the first sub-pixel has a function of controlling light corresponding to a first color selected from red, green and blue
- the second sub-pixel has a function of controlling light corresponding to a first color selected from red, green and blue. It is preferable to have the ability to control the light corresponding to a second color different from one color.
- the above structure includes a fifth wiring, a sixth wiring, a seventh wiring, and an eighth wiring
- the fifth wiring has a function of applying a signal to the second subpixel included in the first pixel.
- the sixth wiring has a function of applying a signal to the first sub-pixel of the second pixel
- the seventh wiring has a function of applying a signal to the second sub-pixel of the second pixel
- the eighth wiring has a function of applying a signal to the second sub-pixel of the second pixel.
- the wiring has a function of applying a signal to the first sub-pixel of the third pixel, the first wiring and the second wiring are arranged between the fifth wiring and the sixth wiring in plan view, and the third wiring and the fourth wiring are preferably arranged between the seventh wiring and the eighth wiring in plan view.
- the first pixel, the second pixel, and the third pixel are arranged in order along the direction of the first axis, and the first wiring to the eighth wiring are each arranged in the direction of the second axis. and the first axis and the second axis are preferably orthogonal.
- the above structure includes a display portion driver circuit, a ninth wiring electrically connected to the display portion driver circuit, and a tenth wiring electrically connected to the display portion driver circuit. and tenth wiring each have a function as a scanning line, the ninth wiring has a first region that overlaps with the first pixel, and the tenth wiring has a second region that overlaps with the second pixel. and a third region overlapping with the third pixel.
- the second subpixel included in the first pixel has the first transistor
- the first subpixel included in the second pixel includes the second transistor
- the second subpixel included in the second pixel includes the first transistor.
- the first subpixel of the third pixel has a fourth transistor
- one of the source and the drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to the first wiring
- the source and the drain of the second transistor are electrically connected to the first wiring
- One of the drain is electrically connected to the second wiring
- one of the source and the drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the third wiring
- one of the source and the drain of the fourth transistor is connected to the fourth wiring.
- the first wiring and the second wiring are arranged between the channel forming region of the first transistor and the channel forming region of the second transistor, and the third wiring and the fourth wiring are arranged in plan view , it is preferably arranged between the channel formation region of the second transistor and the channel formation region of the third transistor.
- the display portion includes a first light emitting element, a second light emitting element, a third light emitting element, and a fourth light emitting element
- the other of the source and drain of the first transistor is the first light emitting element.
- the other of the source and the drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second light emitting element
- the other of the source and the drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the third light emitting element and the other of the source and drain of the fourth transistor is preferably electrically connected to the fourth light emitting element.
- the above structure includes a display portion driver circuit, a ninth wiring electrically connected to the display portion driver circuit, and a tenth wiring electrically connected to the display portion driver circuit. and tenth wiring each have a function as a scanning line, the ninth wiring is electrically connected to the gate of the first transistor, the tenth wiring is connected to the gate of the second transistor, the gate of the third transistor, and the gate of the fourth transistor, the first scanning line has a first region overlapping with the first pixel, and the second scanning line has a second region overlapping with the second pixel , and a third region overlapping with the third pixel.
- the ninth wiring does not overlap the second pixel and the third pixel
- the tenth wiring does not overlap the first pixel
- the ninth wiring and the tenth wiring do not contact each other in the display portion. is preferred.
- the display portion driver circuit includes a first scanning line driver circuit electrically connected to the ninth wiring and a second scanning line driver circuit electrically connected to the tenth wiring. It is preferable that the first scanning line driver circuit and the second scanning line driver circuit be provided with the display portion interposed therebetween.
- one embodiment of the present invention includes a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, a first wiring, a second wiring, and a third wiring
- the second pixel is a , located between the first pixel and the third pixel, the first pixel, the second pixel, and the third pixel each having a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel.
- the first sub-pixel has a function of controlling light corresponding to a first color selected from red, green and blue
- the second sub-pixel has a function of controlling light corresponding to a first color selected from red, green and blue.
- the third sub-pixel controls light corresponding to a third color different from the first and second colors among red, green and blue.
- the first wiring has a function of applying a first potential to the third subpixel of the first pixel and the first subpixel of the second pixel;
- the third wiring has a function of applying the first potential to the third subpixel of the pixel, and the third wiring has the function of applying the first potential to the first subpixel of the third pixel.
- the wirings are adjacent to each other, and the first wiring is wider than one or more of the second wiring and the third wiring.
- the above structure includes a fourth wiring, a fifth wiring, a sixth wiring, and a seventh wiring
- the fourth wiring has a function of applying a signal to the second sub-pixel included in the first pixel.
- the fifth wiring has a function of applying a signal to the first sub-pixel of the second pixel
- the sixth wiring has a function of applying a signal to the second sub-pixel of the second pixel
- the seventh wiring has a function of applying a signal to the second sub-pixel of the second pixel.
- the wiring has a function of applying a signal to the first sub-pixel of the third pixel
- the first wiring is arranged between the fourth wiring and the fifth wiring in a plan view, and is arranged between the second wiring and the third wiring. is preferably arranged between the sixth wiring and the seventh wiring in plan view.
- the second subpixel included in the first pixel has the first transistor
- the first subpixel included in the second pixel includes the second transistor
- the second subpixel included in the second pixel includes the first transistor.
- the third pixel has a fourth transistor, and one of the source and drain of the first transistor and one of the source and drain of the second transistor are electrically connected to the first wiring.
- one of the source and the drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second wiring
- one of the source and the drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the third wiring
- the first wiring is connected to the first wiring.
- the second wiring and the third wiring are arranged between the channel forming region of the transistor and the channel forming region of the second transistor, and the second wiring and the third wiring are arranged between the channel forming region of the second transistor and the channel forming region of the third transistor. is preferably arranged.
- one embodiment of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a display device having a display portion over a first substrate, in which n transistors (where n is a second step of forming a first conductive film on n transistors; a third step of forming a photoresist on the first conductive film; A fourth step of transferring a desired pattern to the photoresist by performing an exposure process on the region to be the part, and a fifth step of forming a desired pattern in the photoresist by performing a developing process on the photoresist. a sixth step of removing part of the first conductive film using a desired pattern to form n wirings; and forming n light emitting elements arranged in a matrix on n transistors.
- the n wirings are electrically connected to the n transistors on a one-to-one basis, and the fourth step divides the region to be the display portion into a plurality of exposure regions.
- a first wiring of the n wirings is formed by exposure in the first exposure region, and a second wiring is formed by exposure in the second exposure region;
- the second wiring is adjacent, and among the n transistors, the first transistor is electrically connected to the first wiring, the second transistor is electrically connected to the second wiring, and the first wiring and the first transistor are electrically connected to the second wiring.
- the second wiring is a manufacturing method of a display device arranged between a channel formation region of a first transistor and a channel formation region of a second transistor in plan view.
- the n wirings are electrically connected to one of the sources and drains of the n transistors, and the other of the sources and drains of the n transistors is integrated with the n light emitting elements. It is preferable that they are electrically connected in one and overlap each other in one-to-one.
- each of the n light-emitting elements preferably has an EL layer.
- the exposure processing is performed so that an exposure region in which portions of the mutually adjacent exposure regions overlap each other is formed at the connecting portion of the mutually adjacent exposure regions of the plurality of exposure regions.
- a display device with high display quality can be provided.
- a highly reliable display device can be provided.
- a display device with low power consumption can be provided.
- a display device that can easily achieve high definition can be provided.
- a display device having both high display quality and high definition can be provided.
- a display device with high contrast can be provided.
- a display device having a novel structure or a method for manufacturing the display device can be provided. Also, a method for manufacturing the display device described above with a high yield can be provided. According to one aspect of the present invention, at least one of the problems of the prior art can be alleviated.
- 1A and 1B are perspective views illustrating configuration examples of a display device.
- 2A and 2B are perspective views illustrating configuration examples of the display device.
- 3A and 3B are block diagrams illustrating the display unit.
- 4A and 4B are block diagrams illustrating the display unit.
- 5A to 5K are diagrams showing configuration examples of pixels.
- 6A and 6B are circuit diagrams showing configuration examples of pixels.
- 7A and 7B are circuit diagrams showing configuration examples of pixels.
- 8A and 8B are diagrams showing configuration examples of a display unit.
- 9A to 9C are diagrams showing configuration examples of the display unit.
- 10A and 10B are diagrams showing configuration examples of a display unit.
- 11A and 11B are diagrams showing configuration examples of pixels.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a pixel.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a display device.
- 14A and 14B are diagrams illustrating configuration examples of a display unit.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a display unit; 16A and 16B are diagrams illustrating configuration examples of a display unit.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a display unit; 18A and 18B are diagrams showing configuration examples of a display unit.
- 19A and 19B are diagrams showing configuration examples of a display unit.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a display unit; 21A and 21B are diagrams showing configuration examples of a display unit.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a display device.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a display unit
- 16A and 16B are diagrams illustrating configuration examples of a display unit.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a display device.
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a display device.
- 25A and 25B are cross-sectional views illustrating configuration examples of display elements.
- 26A to 26F are diagrams showing configuration examples of light-emitting elements.
- 27A and 27B are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices.
- 28A to 28D are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices.
- 29A to 29F are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices.
- 30A to 30F are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices.
- film and the term “layer” can be interchanged with each other.
- conductive layer or “insulating layer” may be interchangeable with the terms “conductive film” or “insulating film.”
- an EL layer refers to a layer provided between a pair of electrodes of a light-emitting element and containing at least a light-emitting substance (also referred to as a light-emitting layer) or a laminate including a light-emitting layer.
- a display panel which is one aspect of a display device, has a function of displaying (outputting) an image or the like on a display surface. Therefore, the display panel is one aspect of the output device.
- the substrate of the display panel is attached with a connector such as FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) or TCP (Tape Carrier Package), or the substrate is mounted with a COG (Chip On Glass) method.
- a connector such as FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) or TCP (Tape Carrier Package)
- COG Chip On Glass
- a light-emitting element of one embodiment of the present invention includes a layer containing a substance with a high hole-injection property, a substance with a high hole-transport property, a substance with a high electron-transport property, a substance with a high electron-injection property, a bipolar substance, or the like. may have.
- the light-emitting layer each contains quantum dots.
- Inorganic compounds such as or polymeric compounds (oligomers, dendrimers, polymers, etc.).
- quantum dots by using quantum dots in the light-emitting layer, it can function as a light-emitting material.
- quantum dot material a colloidal quantum dot material, an alloy quantum dot material, a core-shell quantum dot material, a core quantum dot material, etc. can be used. Also, materials containing element groups of groups 12 and 16, 13 and 15, or 14 and 16 may be used. Alternatively, quantum dot materials containing elements such as cadmium, selenium, zinc, sulfur, phosphorus, indium, tellurium, lead, gallium, arsenic, and aluminum may be used.
- a device manufactured using a metal mask or FMM may be referred to as a device with an MM (metal mask) structure.
- a device manufactured without using a metal mask or FMM may be referred to as a device with an MML (metal maskless) structure.
- a structure in which a light-emitting layer is separately formed or a light-emitting layer is separately painted in each color light-emitting device is referred to as SBS (Side By Side) structure.
- SBS Side By Side
- a light-emitting device capable of emitting white light is sometimes referred to as a white light-emitting device.
- a white light emitting device can be combined with a colored layer (for example, a color filter) to realize a full-color display device.
- light-emitting devices can be broadly classified into single structures and tandem structures.
- a single-structure device preferably has one light-emitting unit between a pair of electrodes, and the light-emitting unit preferably includes one or more light-emitting layers.
- the light-emitting layers may be selected such that the respective light-emitting colors of the two light-emitting layers are in a complementary color relationship. For example, by making the luminescent color of the first luminescent layer and the luminescent color of the second luminescent layer have a complementary color relationship, it is possible to obtain a configuration in which the entire light emitting device emits white light.
- the light-emitting device as a whole may emit white light by combining the light-emitting colors of the three or more light-emitting layers.
- a tandem structure device preferably has a plurality of light-emitting units between a pair of electrodes, and each light-emitting unit preferably includes one or more light-emitting layers.
- each light-emitting unit preferably includes one or more light-emitting layers.
- a structure in which white light emission is obtained by combining light from the light emitting layers of a plurality of light emitting units may be employed. Note that the structure for obtaining white light emission is the same as the structure of the single structure.
- the white light emitting device when comparing the white light emitting device (single structure or tandem structure) and the light emitting device having the SBS structure, the light emitting device having the SBS structure can consume less power than the white light emitting device. If it is desired to keep power consumption low, it is preferable to use a light-emitting device with an SBS structure. On the other hand, the white light emitting device is preferable because the manufacturing process is simpler than that of the SBS structure light emitting device, so that the manufacturing cost can be lowered or the manufacturing yield can be increased.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a display device including a light-emitting element (also referred to as a light-emitting device).
- the display device has at least two light emitting elements that emit light of different colors.
- Each light-emitting element has a pair of electrodes and an EL layer therebetween.
- Electroluminescence elements such as organic EL elements and inorganic EL elements can be used as the light emitting elements. Alternatively, light emitting diodes (LEDs) can be used.
- the light-emitting element of one embodiment of the present invention is preferably an organic EL element (organic electroluminescent element).
- Two or more light-emitting elements that emit different colors have EL layers each containing a different material.
- a full-color display device can be realized by using three types of light-emitting elements that emit red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light.
- an EL layer is processed into a fine pattern without using a shadow mask such as a metal mask.
- a shadow mask such as a metal mask.
- the EL layers can be separately formed, a display device with extremely vivid, high contrast, and high display quality can be realized.
- a first EL film and a first sacrificial film are stacked to cover the pixel electrodes.
- a resist mask is formed over the first sacrificial film.
- part of the first sacrificial film and part of the first EL film are etched to form the first EL layer and the first sacrificial layer over the first EL layer.
- a second EL film and a second sacrificial film are laminated and formed.
- part of the second sacrificial film and part of the second EL film are etched to form the second EL layer and the second sacrificial layer on the second EL layer.
- pixel electrodes are processed using the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer as masks, and the first pixel electrode overlapping with the first EL layer and the second pixel electrode overlapping with the second EL layer are processed. to form a pixel electrode.
- the first EL layer and the second EL layer can be separately formed.
- two-color light-emitting elements can be produced separately.
- EL layers of light emitting elements of three or more colors can be separately formed, and a display device having light emitting elements of three or four colors or more can be realized.
- the common electrode At the edge of the EL layer, there is a difference in level due to the area where the pixel electrode and the EL layer are provided and the area where the pixel electrode and the EL layer are not provided.
- the common electrode When the common electrode is formed on the EL layer, there is a concern that the common electrode may be cut off due to poor coverage of the common electrode due to the steps at the ends of the EL layer. In addition, there is concern that the common electrode will become thinner and the electrical resistance will increase.
- the common electrode is formed on the EL layer.
- the common electrode and the pixel electrode may be short-circuited.
- an insulating layer is provided between the first EL layer and the second EL layer, whereby unevenness of the surface on which the common electrode is provided can be reduced. Therefore, the coverage of the common electrode at the end of the first EL layer and the end of the second EL layer can be improved, and good conductivity of the common electrode can be achieved. Also, short-circuiting between the common electrode and the pixel electrode can be suppressed.
- the distance between the adjacent EL layers is difficult to set to less than 10 ⁇ m by, for example, a formation method using a metal mask.
- it can be narrowed down to 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the gap can be narrowed to 500 nm or less, 200 nm or less, 100 nm or less, or even 50 nm or less.
- the aperture ratio can be brought close to 100%.
- the aperture ratio can be 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, or even 90% or more, and less than 100%.
- the pattern of the EL layer itself can also be made much smaller than when a metal mask is used.
- the thickness varies between the center and the edge of the pattern, so the effective area that can be used as the light emitting region is smaller than the area of the entire pattern. .
- the pattern is formed by processing a film formed to have a uniform thickness, the thickness can be made uniform within the pattern, and even if the pattern is fine, almost the entire area of the pattern can emit light. It can be used as a region. Therefore, according to the above manufacturing method, both high definition and high aperture ratio can be achieved.
- a display device in which fine light-emitting elements are integrated since a display device in which fine light-emitting elements are integrated can be realized, it is necessary to apply a special pixel arrangement method such as a pentile method to artificially increase the definition. Since there is no R, G, and B arranged in one direction, a so-called stripe arrangement, and a display device with a resolution of 500 ppi or more, 1000 ppi or more, or 2000 ppi or more, further 3000 ppi or more, and further 5000 ppi or more can be realized.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of a semiconductor device 100A according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the semiconductor device 100A includes a layer 30 and an encapsulation substrate 40 on the layer 30.
- the semiconductor device 100 ⁇ /b>A has a display section 31 , and the display section 31 is composed of a layer 60 and a region 31 a provided in the layer 30 .
- the region 31a has a plurality of pixel circuits arranged in a matrix.
- Layer 30 comprises region 31a, with layer 60 provided between encapsulation substrate 40 and region 31a.
- FIG. 1B the layers 30, 60, sealing substrate 40, and the like are shown separated from each other in order to make the configuration of the semiconductor device 100A shown in FIG. 1A easier to understand.
- the semiconductor device 100A has a display drive circuit 23.
- the display section driving circuit 23 has a circuit section 23a and a circuit section 23b.
- layer 30 has circuit portion 23 a and terminal portion 29 .
- An FPC (flexible printed circuit) 29a is electrically connected to the terminal portion 29, and a circuit portion 23b is arranged on the FPC 29a.
- the layer 60 is provided so as to overlap the region 31a included in the layer 30 .
- the layer 60 includes a plurality of light emitting elements 61, and the light emission brightness of each of the plurality of light emitting elements 61 is controlled by each of the plurality of pixel circuits 51 provided in the region 31a.
- the pixel circuit 51 and the light emitting element 61 will be described later.
- the circuit section 23a functions, for example, as a scanning line driving circuit.
- the circuit section 23b functions as, for example, a signal line driving circuit.
- FIG. 2A shows a configuration in which the semiconductor device 100A has a layer 20.
- a semiconductor device 100A shown in FIG. 2A includes a layer 20, a layer 30, and a sealing substrate 40 on the layer 30.
- the semiconductor device 100 ⁇ /b>A has a display section 31 , and the display section 31 is composed of a layer 60 and a region 31 a provided in the layer 30 .
- the region 31a has a plurality of pixel circuits arranged in a matrix.
- Layer 30 comprises region 31a, with layer 60 provided between encapsulation substrate 40 and region 31a.
- the layers 20, 30, 60, the sealing substrate 40, and the like are shown separately in order to make the configuration of the semiconductor device 100A shown in FIG. 2A easier to understand.
- the layer 20 has a display section drive circuit 23 and a terminal section 29 .
- the display section drive circuit 23 is electrically connected to the display section 31 and has a function of supplying image data to the pixel circuits of the display section 31 .
- Various circuits such as a shift register, a level shifter, an inverter, a latch, an analog switch, or a logic circuit can be used for the display drive circuit 23 .
- the layer 20 preferably has transistors using a single crystal semiconductor substrate such as a single crystal silicon substrate.
- the size reduction of the semiconductor device 100A can be realized. Further, by providing the display driving circuit 23 so as to overlap the display 31, the width of the frame around the display 31 can be extremely narrowed, so that the area of the display 31 can be increased. Therefore, the resolution of the display section 31 can be improved. Therefore, the display quality of the semiconductor device 100A can be improved.
- the aperture ratio of pixels can be increased.
- the pixel aperture ratio can be 40% or more and less than 100%, preferably 50% or more and 95% or less, more preferably 60% or more and 95% or less.
- the current density supplied to the pixel can be reduced. Therefore, the load applied to the pixel is reduced, and the reliability of the semiconductor device 100A can be improved.
- the wiring that electrically connects them can be shortened. Therefore, wiring resistance and parasitic capacitance are reduced, and the operating speed of the semiconductor device 100A can be increased. Also, the power consumption of the semiconductor device 100A is reduced.
- FIG. 3A is a block diagram illustrating the display section drive circuit 23 and the display section 31.
- FIG. 3A is a block diagram illustrating the display section drive circuit 23 and the display section 31.
- the display drive circuit 23 has a first drive circuit 232 and a second drive circuit 233 .
- a circuit included in the first driving circuit 232 functions, for example, as a scanning line driving circuit.
- a circuit included in the first drive circuit 232 functions, for example, as a signal line drive circuit. It should be noted that some circuit may be provided at a position facing the first drive circuit 232 with the display section 31 interposed therebetween. Some circuit may be provided at a position facing the second drive circuit 233 with the display section 31 interposed therebetween.
- the display unit drive circuit 23 may be referred to as a "peripheral drive circuit".
- Various circuits such as shift registers, level shifters, inverters, latches, analog switches, and logic circuits can be used for the peripheral driving circuits.
- a transistor, a capacitor, or the like can be used for the peripheral driver circuit.
- the display unit 31 is arranged substantially parallel to each of the m wirings 236 whose potentials are controlled by the circuits included in the first driving circuit 232, which are arranged substantially parallel to each other, and , n wirings 237 whose potentials are controlled by a circuit included in the second driver circuit 233, and a plurality of pixels Px arranged in a matrix.
- the wiring 236 is electrically connected to the first drive circuit 232 .
- the wiring 237 is electrically connected to the second driving circuit 233 .
- Each of the plurality of pixels Px is electrically connected to one of the m wirings 236, for example.
- each of the plurality of pixels Px is electrically connected to one of the n wirings 237, for example.
- the display drive circuit 23 may have a protection circuit 55 as shown in FIG. 3B.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 3B shows an example in which the protection circuit 55 is provided between the second drive circuit 233 and the display section 31 .
- a protection circuit may be provided between the first drive circuit 232 and the display section 31 .
- the positions of the wirings 237 may be horizontally reversed in the pixels Px.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B show an example in which the first drive circuits 232 are arranged on both sides of the display section 31 .
- the first drive circuit 232 arranged on the left side may be called a first drive circuit 232a
- the first drive circuit 232 arranged on the right side may be called a first drive circuit 232b.
- wiring 236 electrically connected to the first drive circuit 232a and the first drive circuit 232b A configuration in which the wiring 236 electrically connected to is divided may be employed.
- the area of the pixels Px electrically connected to the first drive circuit 232a and the area of the pixels Px electrically connected to the first drive circuit 232b are separated by division (described later).
- the exposure may be performed so as to form the boundary of the exposure area.
- each of the three pixels Px functions as a sub-pixel. That is, each of the three sub-pixels controls the amount of red light, green light, or blue light emitted (see FIG. 5A).
- the color of light controlled by each of the three sub-pixels is not limited to a combination of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), but may be cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y). There may be (see FIG. 5B). Also, the areas of the three sub-pixels may not be the same. If the luminous efficiency, reliability, etc. differ depending on the luminescent color, the area of the sub-pixel may be changed for each luminescent color (see FIG. 5C).
- the pixel 11 shown in FIG. 5C has sub-pixels B over the upper row (first row) and the lower row (second row) of the first column, and the upper row (first row) of the second column. 2) has a sub-pixel R, and has a sub-pixel G in the row below the second column (second row). Note that the arrangement configuration of the sub-pixels shown in FIG. 5C may be referred to as an "S stripe arrangement" or the like.
- FIG. 5D shows a subpixel G having a substantially trapezoidal top shape with rounded corners, a subpixel R having a substantially triangular top surface shape with rounded corners, and a subpixel having a substantially square or substantially hexagonal top surface shape with rounded corners. B, and an example of a pixel 11.
- the sub-pixel G has a larger light-emitting area than the sub-pixel R.
- the shape and size of each sub-pixel can be determined independently.
- sub-pixels with more reliable light emitting devices can be smaller in size.
- the sub-pixel R may be a red sub-pixel
- the sub-pixel G may be a green sub-pixel
- the sub-pixel B may be a blue sub-pixel.
- a delta arrangement is applied to the pixels 11_1 and 11_2 shown in FIG. 5E.
- the pixel 11_1 has two sub-pixels (sub-pixels R and G) in the upper row (first row) and one sub-pixel (sub-pixel B) in the lower row (second row).
- the pixel 11_2 has one sub-pixel (sub-pixel B) in the upper row (first row) and two sub-pixels (sub-pixels R and G) in the lower row (second row).
- FIG. 5F shows an example in which each sub-pixel has a substantially square top surface shape with rounded corners, but each sub-pixel may have, for example, a circular top surface shape.
- the pentile arrangement shown in FIG. 5F may be used.
- each sub-pixel for example, the arrangement of sub-pixel R, sub-pixel G and sub-pixel B may be interchanged with each other.
- sub-pixels may be collectively functioned as one pixel.
- three sub-pixels controlling red, green, and blue light, respectively, may be added with a sub-pixel controlling white light (see FIG. 5G).
- a sub-pixel controlling white light see FIG. 5G.
- FIG. 5G four sub-pixels R, G, B, and W having a substantially square shape are arranged in a matrix, and two sub-pixels (sub-pixel R , G) and two sub-pixels (sub-pixels B, W) in the bottom row (second row).
- the four sub-pixels R, G, B, and W may be arranged in stripes.
- the upper row (first row) has subpixels R, G, and B arranged in stripes
- the lower row (second row) has subpixels arranged in respective columns. It may have one pixel W each.
- a sub-pixel for controlling yellow light may be added to the three sub-pixels for controlling red, green, and blue light, respectively (see FIG. 5J).
- a sub-pixel for controlling white light may be added to the three sub-pixels for controlling cyan, magenta, and yellow light, respectively (see FIG. 5K).
- Reproducibility of halftones can be improved by increasing the number of sub-pixels that function as one pixel, and by appropriately combining sub-pixels that control lights such as red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, and yellow. can. Therefore, color reproducibility can be improved.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can reproduce color gamuts of various standards.
- PAL Phase Alternating Line
- NTSC National Television System Committee
- sRGB standard RGB
- ITU-R BT. 709 International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector Broadcasting Service(Television) 709) ⁇ DCI ⁇ P3(Digital Cinema Initiatives P3) ⁇ UHDTV(Ultra High Definition Television ⁇ ) ⁇ ITU ⁇ RBT. 2020 (REC.2020 (Recommendation 2020)) standard color gamut can be reproduced.
- a display unit 31 capable of full-color display at a resolution of so-called full high-definition (also referred to as “2K resolution”, “2K1K”, or “2K”) is realized.
- the display unit 31 is capable of full-color display at a resolution of so-called ultra high-definition (also referred to as “4K resolution”, “4K2K”, or “4K”).
- 4K resolution also referred to as “4K resolution”, “4K2K”, or “4K”.
- the display unit 31 is capable of full-color display at a resolution of so-called Super Hi-Vision (also referred to as “8K resolution”, “8K4K”, or “8K”). can be realized.
- Super Hi-Vision also referred to as “8K resolution”, “8K4K”, or “8K”.
- the pixel density (definition) of the display unit 31 is preferably 1000 ppi or more and 10000 ppi or less. For example, it may be 2000 ppi or more and 6000 ppi or less, or 3000 ppi or more and 5000 ppi or less.
- the screen ratio (aspect ratio) of the display unit 31 is not particularly limited.
- the display unit 31 of the semiconductor device 100A can support various screen ratios such as 1:1 (square), 4:3, 16:9, and 16:10.
- the diagonal size of the display section 31 is 0.1 inch or more and 5.0 inches or less, preferably 0.5 inch or more and 2.0 inches or less, more preferably. can be greater than or equal to 1 inch and less than or equal to 1.7 inches.
- the diagonal size of the display unit 31 may be 1.5 inches or around 1.5 inches.
- FIG. 6A shows a circuit configuration example of the pixel Px.
- a pixel Px includes a pixel circuit 51 and a light emitting element 61 .
- a pixel circuit 51 shown as an example in FIG. 6A includes a transistor 52A, a transistor 52B, a transistor 52C, and a capacitor 53.
- the transistor 52A, the transistor 52B, and the transistor 52C can be transistors including oxide semiconductors in channel formation regions (hereinafter also referred to as “OS transistors”).
- OS transistors oxide semiconductors in channel formation regions
- Each of the OS transistors of the transistor 52A, the transistor 52B, and the transistor 52C preferably has a back gate electrode. can be configured to provide
- the transistor 52B includes a gate electrode electrically connected to the transistor 52A, a first terminal electrically connected to the light emitting element 61, and a second terminal electrically connected to the wiring ANO.
- the wiring ANO is wiring for applying a potential for supplying current to the light emitting element 61 .
- the transistor 52A has a first terminal electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor 52B, a second terminal electrically connected to a wiring SL functioning as a source line, and a wiring GL1 functioning as a gate line.
- a gate electrode having a function of controlling a conducting state or a non-conducting state based on a potential is provided.
- the transistor 52C is turned on based on the potentials of the first terminal electrically connected to the wiring V0, the second terminal electrically connected to the light emitting element 61, and the wiring GL2 functioning as a gate line. Alternatively, a gate electrode having a function of controlling a non-conducting state is provided.
- the wiring V0 is a wiring for applying a reference potential and a wiring for outputting the current flowing through the pixel circuit 51 to the display section driving circuit 23 .
- the capacitor 53 includes a conductive film electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor 52B and a conductive film electrically connected to the second electrode of the transistor 52C.
- the light emitting element 61 includes a first electrode electrically connected to the first electrode of the transistor 52B and a second electrode electrically connected to the wiring VCOM.
- the wiring VCOM is a wiring for applying a potential for supplying current to the light emitting element 61 .
- the intensity of light emitted by the light emitting element 61 can be controlled according to the image signal applied to the gate electrode of the transistor 52B. Variation in the potential between the gate and source of the transistor 52B can be suppressed by the reference potential of the wiring V0 applied through the transistor 52C.
- a current value that can be used to set pixel parameters can also be output from the wiring V0. More specifically, the wiring V0 can function as a monitor line for outputting the current flowing through the transistor 52B or the current flowing through the light emitting element 61 to the outside.
- the current output to the wiring V0 may be converted into voltage by a source follower circuit or the like.
- the light-emitting element described in one embodiment of the present invention refers to a self-luminous display element such as an organic EL element (also referred to as an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode)).
- the light-emitting elements electrically connected to the pixel circuit can be self-luminous light-emitting elements such as LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes), micro LEDs, QLEDs (Quantum-dot Light Emitting Diodes), and semiconductor lasers. is.
- the pixel Px shown in FIG. 6B has a transistor 52D and a wiring GL3 in addition to those shown in FIG. 6A.
- the transistor 52D can be an OS transistor.
- the transistor 52D is formed of an OS transistor, it preferably has a back gate electrode. can be configured.
- the transistor 52D has a gate electrode electrically connected to the wiring GL3, a first terminal electrically connected to the first terminal of the transistor 52A, and a second terminal electrically connected to the wiring V0. And prepare.
- a pixel Px shown in FIG. 7A has transistors 52A, 52B, 52C, 52D, a capacitor 53A, and a capacitor 53B.
- the pixel Px shown in FIG. 7A differs from that in FIG. 6B in the arrangement of the transistor 52D.
- the transistor 52D is arranged between the transistor 52B and the wiring ANO.
- a gate electrode of the transistor 52D is electrically connected to the wiring GL3, a first terminal of the transistor 52D is electrically connected to the second terminal of the transistor 52B, and a second terminal of the transistor 52D is electrically connected to the wiring ANO. connected
- the pixel Px shown in FIG. 7A differs from FIG. 6B in that it has capacitors 53A and 53B instead of the capacitor 53.
- the capacitor 53A includes a conductive film electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor 52B and a conductive film electrically connected to the second terminal of the transistor 52B.
- the capacitor 53B includes a conductive film electrically connected to the second terminal of the transistor 52B and a conductive film electrically connected to the wiring ANO.
- a pixel Px shown in FIG. 7B has transistors 52A, 52B, 52C, 52D, 52E, 52F, a capacitor 53A, and a capacitor 53B.
- the pixel Px illustrated in FIG. 7B is electrically connected to five wirings of the wirings GL1 to GL5, the wiring SL, the wiring V0, the wiring ANO, and the wiring S1. For example, a signal is applied to the wiring S1.
- the transistor 52B has a gate electrode electrically connected to the transistor 52A, a first terminal electrically connected to the transistor 52F, and a second terminal electrically connected to the wiring ANO. , have
- the transistor 52A has a gate electrode electrically connected to the wiring GL1, a first terminal electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor 52B, a second terminal electrically connected to the wiring S1, have
- the transistor 52C has a gate electrode electrically connected to the wiring GL2, a first terminal electrically connected to the wiring V0, and a second terminal electrically connected to the light emitting element 61. .
- the transistor 52D has a gate electrode electrically connected to the wiring GL3, a first terminal electrically connected to the wiring S1, and a second terminal electrically connected to the transistor 52F.
- the transistor 52E has a gate electrode electrically connected to the wiring GL4, a first terminal electrically connected to the wiring S1, and a second terminal electrically connected to the wiring SL.
- the transistor 52F has a gate electrode electrically connected to the wiring GL5, a first terminal electrically connected to the light emitting element 61, and a second terminal electrically connected to the transistors 52B and 52D. , have
- the capacitor 53A has a conductive film electrically connected to the wiring ANO and a conductive film electrically connected to the gate electrode of the transistor 52B.
- the capacitor 53B has a conductive film electrically connected to the wiring SL and a conductive film electrically connected to the wiring S1.
- FIG. 8A shows an example of a plan view of the pixel matrix 230 included in the display section 31.
- the pixel matrix 230 has a plurality of pixels Px arranged in a matrix.
- a pattern can be formed in each layer such as a semiconductor layer, a conductive layer, etc., of the plurality of pixels Px that constitute the pixel matrix 230 using an exposure device.
- the area of one exposure in the exposure device may be smaller than the area of the pixel matrix 230 .
- the formation of the pattern in each layer that constitutes the pixel matrix 230 can be performed by exposing a plurality of exposure regions separately, and by joining the exposure regions together to perform the overall exposure. Such exposure is sometimes called split exposure. In the region where each exposure region is joined together, it is preferable that parts of two adjacent exposure regions overlap each other.
- an exposure apparatus for LSI typically a scanner
- the thickness of each pattern or the interval between patterns is set to 500 nm or less, 200 nm or less, 100 nm or less, 50 nm or less, or even 30 nm or less.
- Even when the power is increased it is easy to increase the diagonal size of the display section 31 . More specifically, for example, it is easy to set the diagonal size of the display section 31 to, for example, 1 inch or more.
- the pixel density (definition) when the pixel density (definition) is increased, specifically, it is 300 ppi or more, preferably 500 ppi or more, more preferably 1000 ppi or more, further preferably 2000 ppi or more, and still more preferably 2000 ppi or more. is 3000 ppi or more, more preferably 5000 ppi or more, more preferably 7000 ppi or more, it is easy to increase the diagonal size of the display section 31 . More specifically, it is easy to set the diagonal size of the display section 31 to, for example, 1 inch or more.
- FIG. 8B shows an example of dividing the pixel matrix into a plurality of regions.
- the pixel matrix of the display unit 31 can be divided into regions represented by pixel sub-matrices 230[k,m]. where k and m are both positive integers, k is the coordinate in the x direction and m is the coordinate in the y direction.
- a single exposure area can be each divided pixel sub-matrix 230[k,m].
- FIG. 9B is an enlarged view of the area enclosed by the dashed line shown in FIG. 9A.
- FIG. 9A shows an example in which the pixel matrix 230 has two types of pixels Px (hereinafter sometimes referred to as pixels Px1 and pixels Px2) in the configuration shown in FIG. 8B.
- the pixel matrix 230 is composed of a plurality of pixels Px1 and a plurality of pixels Px2.
- the pixel Px1 and the pixel Px2 differ from each other in the arrangement of one or more wirings.
- the pixel matrix 230 has a plurality of pixel sub-matrices, and in the pixel Px1 and the pixel Px2 that are adjacent across the boundary of the adjacent pixel sub-matrices, one wiring that each has is arranged adjacently.
- each pixel sub-matrix 230[k,m] is composed of a plurality of pixels Px1 and a plurality of pixels Px2. Pixels Px2 are alternately arranged along the x direction, and the same pixels are arranged along the y direction.
- arranged along the x direction is not limited to being arranged along the positive direction of x. It may be arranged along the negative direction of x. Moreover, being arranged along the y direction is not limited to being arranged along the positive direction of y. It may be arranged along the negative y direction. Further, although FIG. 8A and the like show an example in which the x-axis and the y-axis are perpendicular to each other, the x-axis and the y-axis may be oblique.
- the sub-pixels R, G, B, W, C, M, Y, etc. shown above can be applied to the pixel Px1 and the pixel Px2, respectively.
- the pixel Px1 When one of the sub-pixels R, G, B, W, C, M, Y, etc. is selected as the pixel Px1, sub-pixels R, G, B, W, C, M, Y, etc. are used as the pixel Px2.
- sub-pixels other than those selected for the pixel Px1 may be selected, or the same sub-pixels as the pixel Px1 may be selected.
- FIG. 9B is an enlarged view of a region surrounded by a square with a dashed line in FIG. 9A, and two pixel sub-matrices 230[k,m] (here, pixel sub-matrices 230[1,1] and 230[1,1]) adjacent in the x direction. Six pixels are shown arranged according to the pixel sub-matrix 230[2,1]).
- Pixel Px1, pixel Px2, pixel Px1, pixel Px2, pixel Px1, and pixel Px2 arranged in order along the x-direction are here referred to as pixel Px1a, pixel Px2a, pixel Px1b, pixel Px2b, pixel Px1c, and pixel Px2c.
- Pixel Px1a and pixel Px2a are included in pixel sub-matrix 230[1,1], and pixel Px1b, pixel Px2b, pixel Px1c and pixel Px2c are included in pixel sub-matrix 230[2,1].
- Pixel sub-matrix 230[1,1] and pixel sub-matrix 230[2,1] are exposed separately.
- Pixel Px2a and pixel Px1b are adjacent to each other across the boundary of the exposure region.
- the pixel Px2b and the pixel Px1c are adjacent in the pixel sub-matrix 230[2,1].
- each pixel Px has a wiring 12 .
- the wiring 12 is a wiring extending in the y direction.
- the wiring 12 is provided over a plurality of pixels Px arranged in the y direction and shared by the plurality of pixels Px.
- the arrangement of the wirings 12 in the pixel Px1 and the arrangement of the wirings 12 in the pixel Px2 are in a symmetrical relationship with respect to the y-axis direction as an axis of symmetry in plan view. Further, the wiring 12 of the pixel Px2a (hereinafter sometimes referred to as wiring 12a) and the wiring 12 of the pixel Px1b (hereinafter sometimes referred to as wiring 12b) are arranged adjacent to each other.
- the wiring 12 of the pixel Px2b (hereinafter also referred to as wiring 12c) and the wiring 12 of the pixel Px1c (hereinafter sometimes referred to as wiring 12d) are arranged adjacent to each other.
- each wire arranged line-symmetrically does not have to be line-symmetrical in the entire pixel including each wire, and it is sufficient that part of the wire is arranged line-symmetrically.
- a display portion of one embodiment of the present invention includes a first pixel and a second pixel adjacent to each other across a boundary between adjacent pixel submatrices, the first pixel includes a first wiring, When the second pixel has a second wiring, and the first wiring and the second wiring are arranged adjacent to each other, the area of 30% or more of the first wiring included in the first pixel is the second wiring. and symmetrically with respect to the axis oriented in the y-axis direction.
- first wiring and the second wiring are adjacent to each other, they do not have to be arranged line-symmetrically with each other.
- the signal supplied to the wiring 12 is the same in two pixels in which the wiring 12 is arranged adjacent to each other. Signals supplied to the wiring 12 may be the same for all pixels included in the display portion 31 .
- exposure positional deviation occurs in adjacent exposure areas. Due to the positional deviation, the distance between two pixels Px adjacent in the x direction across the boundary of the exposure region is shortened, and the wiring, conductive layer, semiconductor layer, etc. of each pixel may be overlapped and short-circuited. be.
- a display device of one embodiment of the present invention has a structure in which the same signal is applied to a wiring, a conductive layer, a semiconductor layer, and the like, which are likely to be short-circuited, even when exposure position shift occurs, thereby suppressing defects of the display device. can do.
- FIG. 9C shows that the distance between two pixels Px adjacent in the x direction across the boundary of the exposure region due to the positional shift is the distance between two pixels Px adjacent in the same pixel sub-matrix 230[k,m]. , and the wiring 12 of the pixel Px2a and the wiring 12 of the pixel Px1b overlap each other. Although the wiring 12 of the pixel Px2a and the wiring 12 of the pixel Px1b may be short-circuited due to the superimposition, the pixels Px2a and Px1b can be operated normally by applying the same signal to the wiring 12. can.
- the wiring 12 of the pixel Px2a and the wiring 12 of the pixel Px1b may overlap to form one wide wiring (hereinafter sometimes referred to as wiring 12').
- a wiring 12' is provided between the pixel Px2a and the pixel Px1b, and the width of the wiring 12' may be wider than the width of at least one of the wiring 12c and the wiring 12d.
- the distance between the wirings 12 of the respective pixels is the same as that of the adjacent pixels Px in the same pixel submatrix. It may be shorter than the distance between the wirings 12 that it has. If the distance between wirings is shortened, there is a concern that a leak current may occur between the wirings. Further, when the distance between wirings is shortened, if there is a potential difference between the wirings, the capacitance between the wirings increases, which may impose a load on the circuit operation. Even in such a case, each pixel Px can be operated normally by applying the same signal to each wiring 12 of each pixel.
- one wiring included in each pixel is arranged adjacent to each other.
- the same signal is given to each wiring arranged adjacent to each other.
- that the wiring A and the wiring B are adjacent means that the wiring C is not arranged between the wiring A and the wiring B, for example.
- the display portion has a plurality of wirings, and among the plurality of wirings, the wiring A and the wiring B are adjacent to each other, there is a wiring of the display portion between the wiring A and the wiring B. It means that other wirings except A and B are not arranged.
- the display portion of one embodiment of the present invention includes a first pixel and a second pixel that are adjacent to each other across a boundary between two adjacent pixel submatrices, the first pixel has a first wiring, and the second pixel has a first wiring.
- the pixel has a second wiring, the first wiring and the second wiring are arranged adjacent to each other, and the same signal is applied to the first wiring and the second wiring.
- the first wiring and the second wiring are, for example, wirings for applying a reference potential.
- the display portion of one embodiment of the present invention includes a first pixel and a second pixel adjacent to the first pixel in the x-direction in plan view, the y-axis
- the layout of the pixels and the layout of the second pixels have configurations that are line-symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to the y-axis direction.
- An axis pointing in the y-axis direction is, for example, an axis having the same vector as the y-axis.
- the y-axis is also included in the axes oriented in the y-axis direction.
- the pixel layout refers to, for example, the arrangement of wirings, electrodes, semiconductor layers, transistors, and capacitors included in the pixel.
- Each of the first pixel and the second pixel has one wiring, and the same signal is applied to one wiring of each pixel.
- the layouts of the first pixel and the second pixel are line-symmetrical to each other, for example, not all the components of the pixel may be line-symmetrical.
- the one transistor electrically connected to the one wiring and the wiring functioning as the source line preferably have a line-symmetrical relationship.
- the constituent elements of the first pixel and the second pixel are: It may be expressed as mutually inverting with respect to the y-axis direction.
- the wiring V0 shown in FIG. 6A or 6B can be applied as the wiring 12 .
- 10A and 10B show examples in which the wiring V0 is used as the wiring 12 in FIGS. 9B and 9C, respectively.
- the wirings V0 included in the pixel Px2a, the pixel Px1b, the pixel Px2b, and the pixel Px1c are here referred to as the wiring V0a, the wiring V0b, the wiring V0c, and the wiring V0d, respectively.
- the wiring ANO shown in FIG. 6A or the like may be applied as the wiring 12.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B show the semiconductor layer C1 included in the pixel Px.
- the semiconductor layer C1 includes a channel formation region of a transistor included in the pixel Px.
- the semiconductor layer C1 can be used as a layer including a channel formation region of the transistor 52A, the transistor 52B, the transistor 52C, or the transistor 52D shown in FIG. 6A, 6B, or the like.
- the semiconductor layers C1 included in the pixel Px2a, the pixel Px1b, the pixel Px2b, and the pixel Px1c are here referred to as the semiconductor layer C1a, the semiconductor layer C1b, the semiconductor layer C1c, and the semiconductor layer C1d, respectively.
- FIG. 10A and 10B show an example in which the pixel Px has the wiring SL shown in FIG. 6A or 6B in addition to the wiring V0.
- the wirings SL included in the pixel Px2a, the pixel Px1b, the pixel Px2b, and the pixel Px1c are here referred to as the wiring SLa, the wiring SLb, the wiring SLc, and the wiring SLd, respectively.
- the distance between the wiring V0a and the wiring V0b is preferably shorter than the distance between the wiring V0a and the wiring SLb. Further, the distance between the wiring V0a and the wiring V0b is preferably shorter than the distance between the wiring V0b and the wiring SLa.
- the distance between the wiring V0a and the wiring V0b is preferably shorter than the distance between the wiring V0a and the semiconductor layer C1b. Further, the distance between the wiring V0a and the wiring V0b is preferably shorter than the distance between the wiring V0b and the semiconductor layer C1a.
- the wiring V0a and the wiring V0b are preferably arranged between the semiconductor layer C1a and the semiconductor layer C1b. Further, the wiring V0a and the wiring V0b are preferably arranged between the wiring SLa and the wiring SLb.
- the distance between the wiring V0a and the wiring V0b may differ from the distance between the wiring V0c and the wiring V0d.
- FIG. 10B shows an example in which the distance between the wiring V0a and the wiring V0b is shorter than the distance between the wiring V0c and the wiring V0d, and the wiring V0a and the wiring V0b partially overlap.
- the distance between the wiring V0a and the wiring SLb may differ from the distance between the wiring V0c and the wiring SLd. Further, the distance between the wiring V0a and the semiconductor layer C1b may differ from the distance between the wiring V0c and the semiconductor layer C1d.
- the distance between the wiring V0b and the wiring SLa may differ from the distance between the wiring V0d and the wiring SLc. Further, the distance between the wiring V0b and the semiconductor layer C1a may be different from the distance between the wiring V0d and the semiconductor layer C1c.
- the distance between the wiring V0c and the wiring V0d is preferably shorter than the distance between the wiring V0c and the wiring SLd. Further, the distance between the wiring V0c and the wiring V0d is preferably shorter than the distance between the wiring V0d and the wiring SLc.
- the distance between the wiring V0c and the wiring V0d is preferably shorter than the distance between the wiring V0c and the semiconductor layer C1d. Further, the distance between the wiring V0c and the wiring V0d is preferably shorter than the distance between the wiring V0d and the semiconductor layer C1c.
- the wiring V0c and the wiring V0d are preferably arranged between the semiconductor layer C1c and the semiconductor layer C1d. Further, the wiring V0c and the wiring V0d are preferably arranged between the wiring SLc and the wiring SLd.
- the semiconductor layer C1 is a layer including the channel formation region of the transistor 52C shown in FIG. 6A or 6B
- one of the source and drain of the transistor 52C is electrically connected to the wiring V0a
- the channel formation region is a semiconductor layer. Included in layer C1a.
- One of the source and the drain of the transistor 52C included in the pixel Px2b is electrically connected to the wiring V0b, and the channel formation region is included in the semiconductor layer C1b.
- the channel formation regions of the plurality of transistors of the pixel Px2a are preferably not arranged between the wiring 12a and the wiring 12b in plan view. Moreover, it is preferable that the channel formation regions of the plurality of transistors included in the pixel Px1b are not arranged between the wiring 12a and the wiring 12b in plan view.
- the channel formation regions of the plurality of transistors included in the pixel Px2b are not arranged between the wiring 12c and the wiring 12d in plan view. Further, it is preferable that the channel formation regions of the plurality of transistors included in the pixel Px1c are not arranged between the wiring 12c and the wiring 12d in plan view.
- FIG. 11A shows a first wiring (wiring V0 in FIG. 11A) included in a second pixel (pixel Px2 in FIG. 11A) and a first pixel (pixel Px1 in FIG. 11A) adjacent to the second pixel. ) shows an example of the distance d1 of the first wiring.
- the distance d1 is the distance in the direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the first wiring extends.
- FIG. 11A shows an example of measuring the distance between the centers of the first wirings of the respective pixels.
- FIG. 11A also shows an example of the distance d2 between the semiconductor layer C1 of the second pixel and the first wiring of the first pixel.
- FIG. 11A shows an example of measuring the distance to the center of the semiconductor layer C1.
- FIG. 11B shows an example in which the distance between the first wiring of the second pixel and the end of the first wiring of the first pixel is measured as the distance d1.
- the measurement uses the end that is closer to the other object whose distance is to be measured.
- the distance d1 shown in FIG. 11B is sometimes called the space between the two wires.
- FIG. 11B also shows an example in which the distance d2 is measured using the edge of the semiconductor layer C1.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of a circuit diagram including a plurality of pixels Px, a plurality of wirings GL1, a plurality of wirings GL2, a plurality of wirings SL, a plurality of wirings V0, a plurality of wirings VCOM, and a protection circuit 55.
- FIG. FIG. 13 shows an example in which a plurality of pixels Px electrically connected to the same wiring V0 and wiring SL are electrically connected to one of a plurality of semiconductor elements 56 included in the protection circuit 55.
- the wiring V0 and the wiring SL are electrically connected to the semiconductor element 56.
- FIG. 13 an example of using a diode-connected transistor as the semiconductor element 56 is shown. can.
- the semiconductor element 56 is a diode-connected transistor, the gate of the transistor and one of the source and drain of the transistor are electrically connected to a wiring SL, and the source and drain of the transistor are electrically connected to each other.
- the other of the drains is electrically connected to the wiring V0.
- two semiconductor elements 56 electrically connected to two adjacent pixel columns may be arranged line-symmetrically. Moreover, it is preferable that two wirings V0 are arranged between the two semiconductor elements 56 arranged line-symmetrically.
- the display unit 31 shown in FIG. 9A shows an example in which the pixels Px1 and the pixels Px2 are alternately arranged one by one in the x direction. may be alternately arranged in the x-direction.
- FIG. 14A shows an example in which two pixels Px1 and two pixels Px2 are alternately arranged in order in the x direction.
- FIG. 14B is an enlarged view of the area enclosed by the dashed-dotted rectangle in FIG. 14A.
- FIG. 15 shows f pixels Px1 (f is an integer equal to or greater than 2) continuously arranged in the x direction from pixel sub-matrix 230[1,1] to pixel sub-matrix 230[2,1], and x
- f pixels Px1 f is an integer equal to or greater than 2 continuously arranged in the x direction from pixel sub-matrix 230[1,1] to pixel sub-matrix 230[2,1], and x
- g pixels Px2 (k is an integer equal to or greater than 2) arranged continuously in the direction is shown.
- pixels 11f are f pixels Px1 arranged consecutively in the x direction
- pixels 11g are g pixels Px2 consecutively arranged in the x direction.
- a pixel 11g hereinafter referred to as pixel 11g(a)
- a pixel 11f hereinafter referred to as pixel 11f(b)
- the pixel Px2a is the pixel Px2 closest to the wiring 12 of the pixel Px1b in plan view among the g pixels Px2 of the pixel 11g(a).
- the pixel Px1b is the pixel Px1 closest to the wiring 12 of the pixel Px2a in a plan view among the f pixels Px1 of the pixel 11f(b).
- the pixel Px2a and the pixel Px1b shown in FIG. 15 the pixel Px2a and the pixel Px1b described in FIG. 9B can be appropriately referred to.
- FIG. 9A to 9C FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, FIG. 11A, FIG. 11B, FIG. 14A, FIG. 14B, and FIG. 15 show examples in which the pixel matrix has two types of pixels Px, but the pixel matrix has three types. It may have pixels Px equal to or greater than the above.
- a display portion of one embodiment of the present invention includes a first pixel, a second pixel adjacent to the first pixel in the positive x direction when viewed from the first pixel, and a second pixel in the negative x direction when viewed from the first pixel.
- a pixel and an adjacent third pixel wherein the first pixel has a first wiring, the second pixel has a second wiring, the third pixel has a third wiring, and the first wiring , the second wiring, and the third wiring are supplied with the same signal.
- the first wiring and the second wiring are arranged adjacent to each other, while the first wiring and the third wiring are not adjacent to each other.
- another wiring of the first pixel, and a semiconductor element are arranged. Also, the distance between the first wiring and the second wiring is shorter than the distance between the first wiring and the third wiring.
- the position of the first wiring in the first pixel and the position of the second wiring in the second pixel are arranged line-symmetrically with respect to the axis pointing in the y-axis direction.
- the position of the first wiring in the first pixel and the position of the third wiring in the third pixel may be arranged line-symmetrically with respect to the y-axis direction, or may be reversed with respect to the y-axis. It may have the same arrangement instead of the same arrangement.
- FIG. 16A shows an example in which the pixel matrix 230 has a third type of pixel Px (hereinafter sometimes referred to as pixel Px3) in addition to pixel Px1 and pixel Px2.
- pixel Px3 a third type of pixel Px
- the three types of pixels Px for example, sub-pixels R, G, B, W, C, M, Y, etc. shown above can be applied.
- the pixel Px3 may be selected from the sub-pixels R, G, B, W, C, M, Y, etc., other than the sub-pixels selected for the pixel Px1 and the pixel Px2. You can choose pixels.
- FIG. 16A pixel Px1, pixel Px3 and pixel Px2 are adjacent in order in the x direction. Also, the same pixels are arranged in the y direction.
- FIG. 16A can be expressed as a configuration in which the pixel Px3 is arranged between the pixel Px1 and the pixel Px2 in the configuration shown in FIG. 9A.
- 16A shows, for example, in the configuration shown in FIG. 9A, between a plurality of pixels Px1 arranged in a row along the y direction and a plurality of pixels Px2 arranged in a row along the y direction, It can be expressed as a configuration in which a plurality of pixels Px3 are arranged in a row along the y direction.
- a fourth type of pixel Px may be arranged between the pixel Px1 and the pixel Px2, and the pixel matrix may have four types of pixels Px. Further, the number of types of pixels Px included in the pixel matrix may be five or more.
- FIG. 16B is an enlarged view of a region surrounded by a square with a dashed-dotted line in FIG.
- the pixel Px1, the pixel Px3, the pixel Px2, the pixel Px1, the pixel Px3, the pixel Px2, the pixel Px1, the pixel Px3, and the pixel Px2, which are arranged in order along the x direction, are here referred to as the pixel Px1a, the pixel Px3a, the pixel Px2a, the pixel Px1b, They are called pixel Px3b, pixel Px2b, pixel Px1c, pixel Px3c, and pixel Px2c.
- Pixel Px1a, pixel Px2a and pixel Px3a are included in pixel sub-matrix 230[1,1], pixel Px1b, pixel Px2b, pixel Px3b, pixel Px1c, pixel Px3c and pixel Px2c are included in pixel sub-matrix 230[2,1]. included. Pixel sub-matrix 230[1,1] and pixel sub-matrix 230[2,1] are exposed separately. Pixel Px2a and pixel Px1b are adjacent to each other across the boundary of the exposure region.
- Each of the pixel Px1, the pixel Px2 and the pixel Px3 has a wiring 12.
- FIG. 16B shows an example in which the pixel Px3 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the y-axis with respect to the pixel Px2. You may
- the pixel Px2a and the pixel Px1b adjacent to each other across the boundary of the exposure region shown in FIG. 16B the pixel Px2a and the pixel Px1b described in FIG. 9B and the like can be referred to as appropriate.
- the pixel Px2b and the pixel Px1c the pixel Px2b and the pixel Px1c described in FIG. 9B and the like can also be referred to as appropriate.
- a display unit 31 shown in FIG. 17 has a plurality of pixels 11 arranged in a matrix.
- a pixel 11 is composed of a plurality of sub-pixels.
- the pixel Px that controls red light, the pixel Px that controls green light, and the pixel Px that controls blue light can each be used as a sub-pixel included in the pixel 11 .
- FIG. 17 shows an example of a configuration using two types of pixels 11 (hereinafter referred to as pixels 11_1 and 11_2).
- the pixel 11_1 and the pixel 11_2 have different wiring arrangements.
- the display unit 31 shown in FIG. 17 is composed of a plurality of pixel sub-matrices 230[k,m]. Let each of the divided pixel sub-matrices 230[k,m] be a single exposure region.
- the pixel sub-matrix 230 [k, m] shown in FIG. 17 is composed of a plurality of pixels 11_1 and a plurality of pixels 11_2.
- the pixels 11_1 and 11_2 are alternately arranged along the x-direction, and the same pixels are arranged along the y-direction.
- FIG. 18A shows an example in which the configuration shown in FIG. 5A is applied to the pixel 11_1 and the pixel 11_2 in the configuration shown in FIG.
- the pixel Px that controls red light is denoted as sub-pixel 1R, the pixel Px that controls green light as sub-pixel 1G, and the pixel Px that controls blue light as sub-pixel 1B.
- the pixel Px that controls red light is indicated as a sub-pixel 2R, the pixel Px that controls green light as a sub-pixel 2G, and the pixel Px that controls blue light as a sub-pixel 2B.
- the pixel 11f is applied as the pixel 11_1, and the pixel 11g is applied as the pixel 11_2, and the three pixels Px1 of the pixel 11f are the sub-pixel 1R, sub-pixel 1G, and sub-pixel 1G, respectively. and sub-pixel 1B, and the three pixels Px2 of the pixel 11g are respectively defined as a sub-pixel 2R, a sub-pixel 2G, and a sub-pixel 2B, so that the configuration shown in FIG. 18A can be obtained.
- pixels adjacent to each other across the boundary of the exposure region are not limited to the pixel B and the pixel R.
- one selected from pixel R, pixel G, and pixel B and one selected from pixel R, pixel G, and pixel B may be adjacent to each other.
- FIG. 18B shows an example of applying the configuration shown in FIG. 5F to the pixel 11_1 and the pixel 11_2 in the configuration shown in FIG.
- the sub-pixel R of the pixel 11_2 and the sub-pixel G of the pixel 11_1 are adjacent to each other across the boundary of different pixel sub-matrices.
- the sub-pixel B of the pixel 11_2 and the sub-pixel G of the pixel 11_1 are adjacent to each other across the boundary of different pixel sub-matrices.
- FIG. 19A shows pixel Px2 in pixel sub-matrix 230[1,1] and pixel sub-matrix 230[1,2] and pixel sub-matrix 230[2,1] and pixel sub-matrix 230[2,2]. shows an example of applying the pixel Px1, respectively.
- FIG. 19B is an enlarged view of the area enclosed by the dashed-dotted rectangle in FIG. 19A.
- FIG. 17 shows an example in which the display section 31 is made up of two types of pixels 11, but FIG. 20 shows an example in which the display section 31 is made up of one type of pixels 11.
- FIG. 20 each pixel sub-matrix 230[k,m] is composed of a plurality of pixels 11.
- FIG. 17 shows an example in which the display section 31 is made up of two types of pixels 11, but FIG. 20 shows an example in which the display section 31 is made up of one type of pixels 11.
- FIG. 20 shows an example in which the display section 31 is made up of one type of pixels 11.
- each pixel sub-matrix 230[k,m] is composed of a plurality of pixels 11.
- FIG. 21A shows an example of applying FIG. 5A as the pixel 11 in the configuration shown in FIG. Note that in FIG. 16B, the configuration shown in FIG. 21A can also be obtained by applying the sub-pixel R as the pixel Px1, the sub-pixel B as the pixel Px2, and the sub-pixel G as the pixel Px3.
- pixels adjacent to each other across the boundary of the exposure region are not limited to the pixel B and the pixel R.
- one selected from pixel R, pixel G, and pixel B and one selected from pixel R, pixel G, and pixel B may be adjacent to each other.
- FIG. 21B shows an example of applying FIG. 5C as the pixel 11 in the configuration shown in FIG.
- subpixel R included in pixel 11 in pixel submatrix 230[k ⁇ 1,m] and subpixel B included in pixel 11 in pixel submatrix 230[k,m] are two pixels. They are adjacent across the boundary of the submatrix.
- the sub-pixel G included in the pixel 11 in the pixel sub-matrix 230[k ⁇ 1, m] and the sub-pixel B included in the pixel 11 in the pixel sub-matrix 230[k, m] are the two pixel sub-matrices. Adjacent across the border.
- the configuration in FIG. 21B can be expressed as a configuration in which the first rows and second rows are alternately arranged in the y direction. Also, it may be expressed that the sub-pixel B is included in both the first row and the second row.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 9B can be used for the configuration of the first row, and the pixel Px1 may be the sub-pixel B and the pixel Px2 may be the sub-pixel R.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 9B can be used for the configuration of the second row, and the pixel Px1 may be the sub-pixel B and the pixel Px2 may be the sub-pixel G.
- the sub-pixel B is included only in either the first row or the second row.
- Display device 400A A display device 400A illustrated in FIG.
- the light-emitting element 430a, the light-emitting element 430b, and the light-emitting element 430c may be collectively referred to as the light-emitting element 430 in some cases.
- FIG. 22 shows two light emitting elements 430b.
- the two light emitting elements 430b are referred to as a light emitting element 430b1 and a light emitting element 430b2, respectively.
- a configuration having a substrate 331, a transistor 320 on the substrate 331, and a capacitor 240 on the transistor can be applied to the layer 30 of FIGS. 1A, 1B, etc.
- FIG. Also, configurations having light emitting elements 430a, 430b1, 430b2, and 430c can be applied to layer 60 of FIGS. 1A, 1B, and the like.
- FIG. 22 shows an example in which a light emitting element 430b1, a light emitting element 430c, a light emitting element 430a, and a light emitting element 430b2 are arranged in order as four adjacent light emitting elements.
- the transistor 320 is a transistor in which a metal oxide (also referred to as an oxide semiconductor) is applied to a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed.
- FIG. 22 shows, as the transistors 320 included in the display device 400A, a light-emitting element 430b1, a light-emitting element 430c, and a light-emitting element 430a that are arranged in order, and a transistor 320b1, a transistor 320c, and a transistor 320a electrically connected to the light-emitting element 430b1, respectively. , and transistor 320b2.
- a light-emitting element emitting red light may be used as the light-emitting element 430a
- a light-emitting element emitting green light may be used as the light-emitting elements 430b1 and 430b2
- a light-emitting element emitting blue light may be used as the light-emitting element 430c.
- the transistor 320 has a semiconductor layer 321 , an insulating layer 323 , a conductive layer 324 , a pair of conductive layers 325 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as conductive layers 325 a and 325 b ), an insulating layer 326 , and a conductive layer 327 .
- An insulating substrate or a semiconductor substrate can be used as the substrate 331 .
- An insulating layer 332 is provided on the substrate 331 .
- the insulating layer 332 functions as a barrier layer that prevents impurities such as water or hydrogen from diffusing from the substrate 331 into the transistor 320 and oxygen from the semiconductor layer 321 toward the insulating layer 332 side.
- a film into which hydrogen or oxygen is less likely to diffuse than a silicon oxide film such as an aluminum oxide film, a hafnium oxide film, or a silicon nitride film, can be used.
- a conductive layer 327 is provided over the insulating layer 332 , and an insulating layer 326 is provided to cover the conductive layer 327 .
- the conductive layer 327 functions as a first gate electrode of the transistor 320, and part of the insulating layer 326 functions as a first gate insulating layer.
- An oxide insulating film such as a silicon oxide film is preferably used for at least a portion of the insulating layer 326 that is in contact with the semiconductor layer 321 .
- the upper surface of the insulating layer 326 is preferably planarized.
- the semiconductor layer 321 is provided on the insulating layer 326 .
- the semiconductor layer 321 preferably includes a metal oxide (also referred to as an oxide semiconductor) film having semiconductor characteristics. Details of materials that can be suitably used for the semiconductor layer 321 will be described later.
- a pair of conductive layers 325 are provided on and in contact with the semiconductor layer 321 and function as a source electrode and a drain electrode.
- An insulating layer 328 is provided to cover the top and side surfaces of the pair of conductive layers 325, the side surface of the semiconductor layer 321, and the like, and the insulating layer 264 is provided over the insulating layer 328.
- the insulating layer 328 functions as a barrier layer that prevents impurities such as water or hydrogen from diffusing into the semiconductor layer 321 from the insulating layer 264 or the like and oxygen from leaving the semiconductor layer 321 .
- an insulating film similar to the insulating layer 332 can be used as the insulating layer 328.
- An opening reaching the semiconductor layer 321 is provided in the insulating layer 328 and the insulating layer 264 .
- the insulating layer 323 and the conductive layer 324 are buried in contact with the side surfaces of the insulating layer 264 , the insulating layer 328 , and the conductive layer 325 and the top surface of the semiconductor layer 321 .
- the conductive layer 324 functions as a second gate electrode, and the insulating layer 323 functions as a second gate insulating layer.
- An upper surface of the conductive layer 324, an upper surface of the insulating layer 323, and an upper surface of the insulating layer 264 are planarized so that their heights are approximately the same, and an insulating layer 329 and an insulating layer 265 are provided to cover them. .
- the insulating layer 264 and the insulating layer 265 function as interlayer insulating layers.
- the insulating layer 329 functions as a barrier layer that prevents impurities such as water or hydrogen from diffusing into the transistor 320 from the insulating layer 265 or the like.
- an insulating film similar to the insulating layers 328 and 332 can be used.
- the plug 274 includes a conductive layer 274a covering the side surfaces of the openings of the insulating layers 265, the insulating layers 329, the insulating layers 264, and the insulating layers 328 and part of the upper surface of the conductive layer 325, and the conductive layer 274a.
- the plug 275 includes a conductive layer 275a that covers the side surfaces of the openings of the insulating layers 265, 329, 264, and 328 and part of the top surface of the conductive layer 325, and the top surface of the conductive layer 275a. It is preferable to have a conductive layer 275b in contact with the . At this time, a conductive material into which hydrogen and oxygen are difficult to diffuse is preferably used for the conductive layers 274a and 275a.
- a capacitor 240 is provided on the insulating layer 265 .
- the capacitor 240 has a conductive layer 241, a conductive layer 245, and an insulating layer 243 positioned therebetween.
- the conductive layer 241 functions as one electrode of the capacitor 240
- the conductive layer 245 functions as the other electrode of the capacitor 240
- the insulating layer 243 functions as the dielectric of the capacitor 240 .
- the conductive layer 241 is provided on the insulating layer 261 and embedded in the insulating layer 254 .
- An insulating layer 243 is provided over the conductive layer 241 .
- the conductive layer 245 is provided in a region overlapping with the conductive layer 241 with the insulating layer 243 provided therebetween.
- An insulating layer 255 is provided to cover the capacitor 240, and plugs such as plugs 256a and 256b are embedded in the insulating layer 255.
- An insulating layer 258 is provided over the insulating layer 255, an insulating layer 259 is provided over the insulating layer 258, an insulating layer 260 is provided over the insulating layer 259, an insulating layer 261 is provided over the insulating layer 260, and an insulating layer 261 is provided over the insulating layer 258.
- Light emitting elements 430a, 430b, 430c, etc. are provided on 261.
- FIG. A plurality of conductive layers are embedded in insulating layer 258 and insulating layer 260 .
- a plurality of plugs are embedded in the insulating layer 259 and the insulating layer 261 .
- the display device 400A includes one of an insulating layer 259, a plug embedded in the insulating layer 259, an insulating layer 260, a conductive layer embedded in the insulating layer 260, an insulating layer 261, and a plug embedded in the insulating layer 261. It is good also as a structure which does not have the above.
- the conductive layer 245 is connected to the source and the source of the transistor 320 through the plug 256 a , the conductive layer embedded in the insulating layer 258 , the plug 256 b , the conductive layer embedded in the insulating layer 254 , and the plug 274 . It is electrically connected to one of the drains.
- the other of the source and drain of transistor 320 is embedded in insulating layer 258 through plug 275, a conductive layer embedded in insulating layer 254, and a plug embedded in insulating layer 243 and insulating layer 255. electrically connected to the conductive layer.
- FIG. 22 shows conductive layers 271c and 271a embedded in the insulating layer 258.
- FIG. A conductive layer 325b included in the transistor 320c is electrically connected to the conductive layer 271c.
- a conductive layer 325b included in the transistor 320a is electrically connected to the conductive layer 271a.
- a protective layer 416 is provided on the light emitting elements 430 a , 430 b , and 430 c , and a substrate 420 is attached to the upper surface of the protective layer 416 with a resin layer 419 .
- the substrate 420 corresponds to the sealing substrate 40 shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and the like.
- FIG. 25A An example of the configuration of the light emitting elements 430a, 430b, and 430c is shown in FIG. 25A.
- layer 30 is provided with light-emitting element 430b1, light-emitting element 430c, light-emitting element 430a, and light-emitting element 430b2.
- the light emitting element 430a has a pixel electrode 111R, an EL layer 112R, and a common electrode 113.
- the light emitting elements 430b1 and 430b2 each have a pixel electrode 111G, an EL layer 112G, and a common electrode 113.
- the light emitting element 430c has a pixel electrode 111B, an EL layer 112B, and a common electrode 113.
- the pixel electrodes (pixel electrode 111R, pixel electrode 111G, pixel electrode 111B) of the light emitting element 430a, the light emitting element 430b, and the light emitting element 430c are embedded in the plug 274, the conductive layer embedded in the insulating layer 254, the plug 256b, and the insulating layer 258.
- the conductive layer, the plug embedded in the insulating layer 259, the conductive layer embedded in the insulating layer 260, and the plug embedded in the insulating layer 261 are electrically connected to one of the source and the drain of the transistor 320. .
- the conductive layer 271c functions as a wiring V0 electrically connected to the pixel circuit 51 that drives the light emitting element 430c.
- the conductive layer 271a functions as a wiring V0 electrically connected to the pixel circuit 51 that drives the light emitting element 430a.
- the conductive layers 271a and 271c are formed, for example, by processing the same conductive film.
- the transistor 320c and the transistor 320b2 have a structure that is left-right inverted from that of the transistor 320b1.
- the pixel circuit having the transistor 320c and the pixel circuit having the transistor 320a have substantially symmetrical configurations in FIG. Therefore, in FIG. 22, the conductive layer 271c and the conductive layer 271a are provided adjacent to each other.
- a wiring V0 is a wiring for applying a reference potential, and the same potential is applied to the conductive layers 271c and 271a, for example.
- a method for manufacturing a display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes manufacturing a plurality of transistors including a transistor 320b1, a transistor 320c, a transistor 320a, and a transistor 320b2, and forming a conductive layer 271c and a conductive layer 271a over the manufactured transistors. and forming a plurality of light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix, including 430b1, light-emitting element 430c, light-emitting element 430a, and light-emitting element 430b1, on the conductive layer.
- conductive films to be the conductive layers 271c and 271a are formed over the transistor 20b1, the transistor 320c, the transistor 320a, and the transistor 320b2.
- a photoresist is formed on the conductive film.
- a positive resist material a negative resist material, a resist material containing a photosensitive resin, or the like can be used.
- first area and the second area are adjacent areas in plan view. Moreover, a part of 1st area
- the photoresist is developed to form a pattern corresponding to a plurality of conductive layers including the conductive layer 271c and the conductive layer 271a in the photoresist.
- the conductive layer 271a and the conductive layer 271c are adjacent to each other. Therefore, it is preferable that no conductive layer be provided between the conductive layer 271a and the conductive layer 271c. That is, it is preferable that no pattern be formed in the region between the conductive layer 271a and the conductive layer 271c in the photoresist.
- the pattern is used to partially remove the conductive film.
- a plurality of conductive layers including the conductive layer 271c and the conductive layer 271a can be formed.
- a display device 400B illustrated in FIG. 23 includes a layer 20 including a transistor 310 or the like in which a channel is formed over a substrate 301, and a transistor 320 or the like which is located over the layer 20 and includes a metal oxide in a semiconductor layer in which the channel is formed. and a layer 60 which is located over the layer 30 and includes the light-emitting elements 430a, 430b, 430c, and the like. Note that the description of the same parts as those of the display device 400A may be omitted.
- Layer 20 preferably comprises transistors using a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate, such as a monocrystalline silicon substrate.
- An insulating layer 261 is provided to cover the transistor 310 , and a conductive layer 251 is provided over the insulating layer 261 .
- a conductive layer 273 is provided so as to be embedded in the opening of the insulating layer 261 . Conductive layer 273 is electrically connected to the source or drain region of transistor 310 and conductor 251 .
- An insulating layer 262 is provided to cover the conductive layer 251 , and the conductive layer 252 is provided over the insulating layer 262 .
- the conductive layers 251 and 252 each function as wiring.
- An insulating layer 263 and an insulating layer 332 are provided to cover the conductive layer 252 , and transistors 320 b 1 , 320 c , 320 a and 320 b 2 are provided over the insulating layer 332 .
- An insulating layer 265 is provided to cover the transistors 320b1, 320c, 320a, and 320b2, and the capacitor 240 is provided over the insulating layer 265.
- Each of the transistors 320b1, 320c, 320a, and 320b2 can be used as a transistor forming a pixel circuit.
- the transistor 310 can be used as a transistor forming a pixel circuit or a transistor forming a driver circuit (a gate line driver circuit or a source line driver circuit) for driving the pixel circuit.
- the transistor 310 and the transistors 320b1, 320c, 320a, and 320b can be used as transistors included in various circuits such as an arithmetic circuit or a memory circuit.
- the capacitor 240 and the capacitor having the insulating layer 243 as a dielectric can be used as a capacitor forming a pixel circuit.
- the display device 400A shown in FIG. 22 can be referred to.
- a pixel circuit not only a pixel circuit but also a driver circuit and the like can be formed directly under the light-emitting element, so that the size of the display device can be reduced compared to the case where the driver circuit is provided around the display region. becomes possible.
- Display device 400C The display device 400C shown in FIG. 24 is different from the display device 400B shown in FIG. 258 and the insulating layer 260 in that a capacitor 240b and the like are provided. Note that the description of the same parts as those of the display device 400A or the display device 400B may be omitted.
- a capacitor having the insulating layer 270 as a dielectric, for example, a capacitor 240 c is provided on the insulating layer 261 .
- the conductive layers 325a of the transistors 320b1, 320c, 320a, and 320b2 are each provided on the insulating layer 265 and electrically connected to a capacitive element having the insulating layer 243 as a dielectric, such as the capacitor 240.
- the display device 400C includes an insulating layer 255 on the capacitive element using the insulating layer 243 as a dielectric, an insulating layer 258 on the insulating layer 255, an insulating layer 266 on the insulating layer 258, and an insulating layer 267 on the insulating layer 266.
- FIG. 24 shows an example in which conductive layers 271a and 271c are formed to be embedded in insulating layer 267, conductive layers 271a and 271c may be arranged in other insulating layers.
- the display device 400C may have a capacitor whose dielectric is an insulating layer that functions as a gate insulator of a transistor whose channel is formed in the substrate 301 .
- a capacitor such as the capacitor 240b having the insulating layer 268 as a dielectric, a capacitor such as the capacitor 240c having the insulating layer 270 as a dielectric, and an insulating layer functioning as a gate insulator of a transistor in which a channel is formed in the substrate 301 can be used as a capacitor forming a pixel circuit.
- FIG. 25A illustrates an example of a light-emitting element included in a display device of one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25A shows a cross-sectional view of a plurality of light emitting elements provided on layer 30.
- layer 30 is provided with light-emitting element 430b1, light-emitting element 430c, light-emitting element 430a, and light-emitting element 430b2.
- the light emitting element 430a has a pixel electrode 111R, an EL layer 112R, and a common electrode 113.
- the light emitting elements 430b1 and 430b2 each have a pixel electrode 111G, an EL layer 112G, and a common electrode 113.
- the light emitting element 430c has a pixel electrode 111B, an EL layer 112B, and a common electrode 113.
- the pixel electrode 111R, the pixel electrode 111G, and the pixel electrode 111B may be collectively referred to as the pixel electrode 111 in some cases.
- the pixel electrode 111R, the pixel electrode 111G, and the pixel electrode 111B are electrically connected to the semiconductor elements included in the layer 30, respectively. 22 and 23, pixel electrode 111G of light emitting element 430b1 is electrically connected to one of the source and drain of transistor 320b1. A pixel electrode 111B included in the light emitting element 430c is electrically connected to one of the source and drain of the transistor 320c. A pixel electrode 111R included in the light emitting element 430a is electrically connected to one of the source and drain of the transistor 320a. A pixel electrode 111G included in the light emitting element 430b2 is electrically connected to one of the source and drain of the transistor 320b2.
- An EL layer 112R, an EL layer 112G, and an EL layer 112B are provided on the pixel electrode 111R, the pixel electrode 111G, and the pixel electrode 111B, respectively.
- a common electrode 113 is provided over the EL layer 112R, the EL layer 112G, and the EL layer 112B (hereinafter collectively referred to as the EL layer 112).
- the EL layer 112R contains a light-emitting organic compound that emits light having an intensity in at least the red wavelength range.
- the EL layer 112G contains a light-emitting organic compound that emits light having an intensity in at least the green wavelength range.
- the EL layer 112B contains a light-emitting organic compound that emits light having an intensity in at least a blue wavelength range.
- the EL layer 112R, the EL layer 112G, and the EL layer 112B each have a layer (light-emitting layer) containing a light-emitting organic compound.
- the light-emitting layer may contain one or more compounds (host material, assist material) in addition to the light-emitting substance (guest material).
- the host material and the assist material one or a plurality of substances having an energy gap larger than that of the light-emitting substance (guest material) can be selected and used.
- the host material and the assist material it is preferable to use a combination of compounds that form an exciplex. In order to efficiently form an exciplex, it is particularly preferable to combine a compound that easily accepts holes (hole-transporting material) and a compound that easily accepts electrons (electron-transporting material).
- Both low-molecular-weight compounds and high-molecular-weight compounds can be used in the light-emitting element, and inorganic compounds (quantum dot materials, etc.) may be included.
- Each of the EL layer 112R, the EL layer 112G, and the EL layer 112B has one or more of an electron-injection layer, an electron-transport layer, a hole-injection layer, and a hole-transport layer in addition to the light-emitting layer. good too.
- a common layer 114 may be provided between the EL layer 112 and the common electrode 113 .
- the common layer 114 is provided over a plurality of light emitting elements, like the common electrode 113 .
- a common layer 114 is provided to cover the EL layer 112R, the EL layer 112G, and the EL layer 112B.
- the common layer 114 and the common electrode 113 can be formed continuously without intervening a process such as etching. Therefore, the interface between the common layer 114 and the common electrode can be made a clean surface, and favorable characteristics can be obtained in the light-emitting element.
- the common layer 114 is preferably in contact with one or more upper surfaces of the EL layer 112R, the EL layer 112G, and the EL layer 112B.
- the EL layer 112R, the EL layer 112G, and the EL layer 112B each preferably has a light-emitting layer containing a light-emitting material that emits light of at least one color.
- the common layer 114 is preferably a layer including one or more of an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole injection layer, or a hole transport layer, for example.
- a structure including an electron injection layer or a structure including both an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer can be used as the common layer 114.
- a pixel electrode 111R, a pixel electrode 111G, and a pixel electrode 111B are provided for each light emitting element.
- the common electrode 113 is provided as a continuous layer common to each light emitting element.
- a conductive film having a property of transmitting visible light is used for one of the pixel electrodes and the common electrode 113, and a conductive film having a reflective property is used for the other.
- a conductive film reflecting visible light for example, silver, aluminum, titanium, tantalum, molybdenum, platinum, gold, titanium nitride, tantalum nitride, etc. can be used.
- an alloy can be used as the pixel electrode 111 .
- an alloy containing silver can be used.
- an alloy containing silver for example, an alloy containing silver, palladium and copper can be used.
- an alloy containing aluminum can be used.
- two or more layers of these materials may be laminated for use.
- a conductive film that transmits visible light can be used over the conductive film that reflects visible light.
- conductive materials that transmit visible light include indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, zinc oxide containing gallium, indium tin oxide containing silicon, and indium zinc containing silicon.
- Conductive oxides such as oxides can be used.
- an oxide of a conductive material that is reflective to visible light may be used, and the oxide is formed by oxidizing the surface of the conductive material that is reflective to visible light. good too.
- titanium oxide may be used. Titanium oxide may be formed, for example, by oxidizing the surface of titanium.
- a conductive film having a property of transmitting visible light is stacked over a conductive film having a property of reflecting visible light, whereby a conductive film having a property of transmitting visible light is stacked.
- the conductive film can function as an optical adjustment layer.
- the optical path length in each light-emitting element corresponds to, for example, the sum of the thickness of the optical adjustment layer and the thickness of the layer provided below the film containing the light-emitting compound in the EL layer 112 .
- light of a specific wavelength can be intensified by using a microcavity structure (microresonator structure) to vary the optical path length.
- a microcavity structure microresonator structure
- a microcavity structure can be realized by varying the thickness of the EL layer 112 in each light emitting element.
- the EL layer 112R of the light emitting element 430a that emits light with the longest wavelength is the thickest
- the EL layer 112B of the light emitting element 430c that emits light with the shortest wavelength is the thinnest.
- the thickness of each EL layer can be adjusted in consideration of the wavelength of light emitted from each light-emitting element, the optical characteristics of the layers forming the light-emitting element, the electrical characteristics of the light-emitting element, and the like. .
- FIG. 25A and the like clearly different thicknesses of the EL layers 112 are not shown in the respective light emitting elements. It is preferable to adjust the thickness to intensify the light of the wavelength corresponding to each light emitting element.
- An insulating layer is preferably provided between adjacent light emitting elements 430 .
- FIG. 25A shows an example in which insulating layers 131 are provided between the pixel electrodes 111 of the light emitting element 430 and between the EL layers 112 .
- a common electrode 113 is provided on the insulating layer 131 .
- the insulating layer 131 has an insulating layer 131a and an insulating layer 131b.
- the insulating layer 131b is provided so as to be in contact with the side surface of each pixel electrode 111 of the light emitting element 430 and the side surface of the EL layer 112 . Further, in a cross-sectional view, an insulating layer 131a is provided on and in contact with the insulating layer 131b so as to fill the concave portion of the insulating layer 131b.
- the insulating layer 131 between light-emitting elements of different colors, it is possible to prevent the EL layers 112R, 112G, and 112G from being in contact with each other. This can suitably prevent current from flowing through two adjacent EL layers and causing unintended light emission. Therefore, the contrast can be increased, and a display device with high display quality can be realized.
- the insulating layer 131b can be an insulating layer containing an inorganic material.
- a single layer or a stacked layer of aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, hafnium oxide, gallium oxide, indium gallium zinc oxide, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, silicon nitride, silicon nitride oxide, or the like can be used.
- aluminum oxide is preferable because it has a high etching selectivity with respect to the EL layer 112 and has a function of protecting the EL layer 112 during formation of the insulating layer 131b described later.
- the insulating layer 131b by using an inorganic insulating material such as aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, or silicon oxide formed by an ALD method for the insulating layer 131b, a film with few pinholes can be obtained, and the insulating layer 131b has an excellent function of protecting the EL layer 112. It can be layer 131b.
- an inorganic insulating material such as aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, or silicon oxide formed by an ALD method for the insulating layer 131b.
- an oxynitride refers to a material whose composition contains more oxygen than nitrogen
- a nitride oxide refers to a material whose composition contains more nitrogen than oxygen.
- silicon oxynitride refers to a material whose composition contains more oxygen than nitrogen
- silicon nitride oxide refers to a material whose composition contains more nitrogen than oxygen.
- the insulating layer 131b is formed by a sputtering method, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method, a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method, an atomic layer deposition method. (ALD: Atomic Layer Deposition) method or the like can be used.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- MBE molecular beam epitaxy
- PLD pulsed laser deposition
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- the insulating layer 131a provided on the insulating layer 131b has a function of flattening the concave portions of the insulating layer 131b formed between adjacent light emitting elements. In other words, the presence of the insulating layer 131a has the effect of improving the flatness of the surface on which the common electrode 113 is formed.
- An insulating layer containing an organic material can be preferably used as the insulating layer 131a.
- acrylic resins, polyimide resins, epoxy resins, polyamide resins, polyimideamide resins, siloxane resins, benzocyclobutene resins, phenolic resins, and precursors of these resins can be used as the insulating layer 131a.
- a photosensitive resin can be used as the insulating layer 131a.
- a positive material or a negative material can be used for the photosensitive resin.
- the insulating layer 131a By forming the insulating layer 131a using a photosensitive resin, the insulating layer 131a can be formed only through the steps of exposure and development, and EL can be obtained by dry etching, wet etching, or the like at the time of forming the insulating layer 131a. The effect on the surface of layer 112 can be reduced.
- an insulating layer provided between adjacent light emitting elements 430 may be provided on the pixel electrode 111 .
- FIG. 25B shows an example in which an insulating layer 132 is provided between the pixel electrodes 111 of the light emitting element 430 and partly on the pixel electrodes 111 .
- insulating layer 132 for example, materials that can be used for the insulating layer 131a can be referred to.
- the top surface of the insulating layer 132 shown in FIG. 25B may have a region in contact with the bottom surface of the EL layer 112 .
- part of the top surface of the insulating layer 132 may have a region in contact with the common layer 114 between the EL layers 112 of the respective light emitting elements.
- part of the top surface of the insulating layer 132 may have a region in contact with the common electrode 113 between the EL layers 112 of the respective light-emitting elements. be.
- the light emitting device has an EL layer 786 between a pair of electrodes (lower electrode 772, upper electrode 788).
- EL layer 786 can be composed of multiple layers such as layer 4420 , light-emitting layer 4411 , and layer 4430 .
- the layer 4420 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance with high electron-injection properties (electron-injection layer) and a layer containing a substance with high electron-transport properties (electron-transporting layer).
- the light-emitting layer 4411 contains, for example, a light-emitting compound.
- Layer 4430 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance with high hole-injection properties (hole-injection layer) and a layer containing a substance with high hole-transport properties (hole-transport layer).
- a structure having a layer 4420, a light-emitting layer 4411, and a layer 4430 provided between a pair of electrodes can function as a single light-emitting unit, and the structure of FIG. 26A is referred to herein as a single structure.
- FIG. 26B is a modification of the EL layer 786 included in the light emitting device shown in FIG. 26A.
- the light-emitting device shown in FIG. It has a top layer 4420-1, a layer 4420-2 on layer 4420-1, and a top electrode 788 on layer 4420-2.
- layer 4430-1 functions as a hole injection layer
- layer 4430-2 functions as a hole transport layer
- layer 4420-1 functions as an electron Functioning as a transport layer
- layer 4420-2 functions as an electron injection layer.
- layer 4430-1 functions as an electron-injecting layer
- layer 4430-2 functions as an electron-transporting layer
- layer 4420-1 functions as a hole-transporting layer.
- a configuration in which a plurality of light-emitting layers (light-emitting layers 4411, 4412, and 4413) are provided between layers 4420 and 4430 as shown in FIGS. 26C and 26D is also a variation of the single structure.
- tandem structure a structure in which a plurality of light-emitting units (EL layers 786a and 786b) are connected in series via an intermediate layer (charge generation layer) 4440 is referred to as a tandem structure in this specification. call.
- the configurations shown in FIGS. 26E and 26F are referred to as tandem structures, but are not limited to this, and for example, the tandem structures may be referred to as stack structures. Note that the tandem structure enables a light-emitting device capable of emitting light with high luminance.
- light-emitting materials that emit the same light may be used for the light-emitting layers 4411, 4412, and 4413.
- FIG. 26D shows an example in which a colored layer 785 functioning as a color filter is provided. A desired color of light can be obtained by passing the white light through the color filter.
- the same light-emitting material may be used for the light-emitting layers 4411 and 4412 .
- light-emitting materials that emit different light may be used for the light-emitting layer 4411 and the light-emitting layer 4412 .
- white light emission can be obtained.
- FIG. 26F shows an example in which a colored layer 785 is further provided.
- the layers 4420 and 4430 may have a laminated structure consisting of two or more layers as shown in FIG. 26B.
- a structure that separates the emission colors (here, blue (B), green (G), and red (R)) for each light emitting device is sometimes called an SBS (Side By Side) structure.
- the emission color of the light-emitting device can be red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, white, or the like, depending on the material forming the EL layer 786 . Further, the color purity can be further enhanced by providing the light-emitting device with a microcavity structure.
- a light-emitting device that emits white light preferably has a structure in which two or more types of light-emitting substances are contained in the light-emitting layer.
- two or more light-emitting substances may be selected so that the light emission of each light-emitting substance has a complementary color relationship.
- the emission color of the first light-emitting layer and the emission color of the second light-emitting layer have a complementary color relationship, it is possible to obtain a light-emitting device that emits white light as a whole. The same applies to light-emitting devices having three or more light-emitting layers.
- the light-emitting layer preferably contains two or more light-emitting substances that emit light such as R (red), G (green), B (blue), Y (yellow), and O (orange).
- R red
- G green
- B blue
- Y yellow
- O orange
- a light-emitting device has at least a light-emitting layer. Further, in the light-emitting device, layers other than the light-emitting layer include a substance with high hole-injection property, a substance with high hole-transport property, a hole-blocking material, a substance with high electron-transport property, an electron-blocking material, and a layer with high electron-injection property. A layer containing a substance, a bipolar substance (a substance with high electron-transport properties and high hole-transport properties), or the like may be further included.
- Both low-molecular-weight compounds and high-molecular-weight compounds can be used in the light-emitting device, and inorganic compounds may be included.
- Each of the layers constituting the light-emitting device can be formed by a vapor deposition method (including a vacuum vapor deposition method), a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, a coating method, or the like.
- the light-emitting device may have one or more layers selected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole block layer, an electron block layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
- the hole-injecting layer is a layer that injects holes from the anode into the hole-transporting layer, and contains a material with high hole-injecting properties.
- highly hole-injecting materials include aromatic amine compounds and composite materials containing a hole-transporting material and an acceptor material (electron-accepting material).
- the hole-transporting layer is a layer that transports holes injected from the anode to the light-emitting layer by means of the hole-injecting layer.
- a hole-transporting layer is a layer containing a hole-transporting material.
- a substance having a hole mobility of 10 ⁇ 6 cm 2 /Vs or more is preferable as the hole-transporting material. Note that substances other than these can be used as long as they have a higher hole-transport property than electron-transport property.
- hole-transporting materials include ⁇ -electron-rich heteroaromatic compounds (e.g., carbazole derivatives, thiophene derivatives, furan derivatives, etc.), aromatic amines (compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton), and other highly hole-transporting materials. is preferred.
- ⁇ -electron-rich heteroaromatic compounds e.g., carbazole derivatives, thiophene derivatives, furan derivatives, etc.
- aromatic amines compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton
- other highly hole-transporting materials is preferred.
- the electron-transporting layer is a layer that transports electrons injected from the cathode to the light-emitting layer by the electron-injecting layer.
- the electron-transporting layer is a layer containing an electron-transporting material.
- an electron-transporting material a substance having an electron mobility of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 cm 2 /Vs or more is preferable. Note that substances other than these substances can be used as long as they have a higher electron-transport property than hole-transport property.
- electron-transporting materials include metal complexes having a quinoline skeleton, metal complexes having a benzoquinoline skeleton, metal complexes having an oxazole skeleton, metal complexes having a thiazole skeleton, oxadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, ⁇ electron deficient including oxazole derivatives, thiazole derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, quinoline derivatives with quinoline ligands, benzoquinoline derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, dibenzoquinoxaline derivatives, pyridine derivatives, bipyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, and other nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds
- a material having a high electron transport property such as a type heteroaromatic compound can be used.
- the electron injection layer is a layer that injects electrons from the cathode to the electron transport layer, and is a layer that contains a material with high electron injection properties.
- Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or compounds thereof can be used as materials with high electron injection properties.
- a composite material containing an electron-transporting material and a donor material (electron-donating material) can also be used as a material with high electron-injecting properties.
- Examples of the electron injection layer include lithium, cesium, lithium fluoride (LiF), cesium fluoride (CsF), calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ), 8-(quinolinolato)lithium (abbreviation: Liq), 2-(2 -pyridyl)phenoratritium (abbreviation: LiPP), 2-(2-pyridyl)-3-pyridinolatritium (abbreviation: LiPPy), 4-phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)phenoratritium (abbreviation: LiPPP) , lithium oxide (LiO x ), cesium carbonate, etc., alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or compounds thereof.
- Liq lithium, cesium, lithium fluoride
- CsF cesium fluoride
- CaF 2 calcium fluoride
- Liq 8-(quinolinolato)lithium
- LiPP 2-(2 -pyridyl)phenoratritium
- a material having an electron transport property may be used as the electron injection layer described above.
- a compound having a lone pair of electrons and an electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring can be used as the electron-transporting material.
- a compound having at least one of a pyridine ring, diazine ring (pyrimidine ring, pyrazine ring, pyridazine ring), and triazine ring can be used.
- the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the organic compound having an unshared electron pair is preferably -3.6 eV or more and -2.3 eV or less.
- CV cyclic voltammetry
- photoelectron spectroscopy optical absorption spectroscopy
- inverse photoelectron spectroscopy etc. are used to determine the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level and LUMO level of an organic compound. can be estimated.
- BPhen 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline
- NBPhen 2,9-di(naphthalen-2-yl)-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline
- HATNA diquinoxalino [2,3-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine
- TmPPPyTz 2,4,6-tris[3′-(pyridin-3-yl)biphenyl-3-yl]-1,3 , 5-triazine
- a light-emitting layer is a layer containing a light-emitting substance.
- the emissive layer can have one or more emissive materials.
- a substance exhibiting emission colors such as blue, purple, violet, green, yellow-green, yellow, orange, and red is used as appropriate.
- a substance that emits near-infrared light can be used as the light-emitting substance.
- Examples of light-emitting substances include fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, TADF materials, and quantum dot materials.
- fluorescent materials include pyrene derivatives, anthracene derivatives, triphenylene derivatives, fluorene derivatives, carbazole derivatives, dibenzothiophene derivatives, dibenzofuran derivatives, dibenzoquinoxaline derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, phenanthrene derivatives, and naphthalene derivatives. be done.
- Examples of phosphorescent materials include organometallic complexes (especially iridium complexes) having a 4H-triazole skeleton, 1H-triazole skeleton, imidazole skeleton, pyrimidine skeleton, pyrazine skeleton, or pyridine skeleton, and phenylpyridine derivatives having an electron-withdrawing group.
- organometallic complexes especially iridium complexes
- platinum complexes, rare earth metal complexes, etc. which are used as ligands, can be mentioned.
- the light-emitting layer may contain one or more organic compounds (host material, assist material, etc.) in addition to the light-emitting substance (guest material).
- One or both of a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material can be used as the one or more organic compounds.
- Bipolar materials or TADF materials may also be used as one or more organic compounds.
- the light-emitting layer preferably includes, for example, a phosphorescent material and a combination of a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material that easily form an exciplex.
- ExTET Exciplex-Triplet Energy Transfer
- a combination that forms an exciplex that emits light that overlaps with the wavelength of the absorption band on the lowest energy side of the light-emitting substance energy transfer becomes smooth and light emission can be efficiently obtained. With this configuration, high efficiency, low-voltage driving, and long life of the light-emitting device can be realized at the same time.
- the metal oxide preferably contains at least indium or zinc. In particular, it preferably contains indium and zinc. In addition to these, aluminum, gallium, yttrium, tin and the like are preferably contained. In addition, one or more selected from boron, silicon, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, magnesium, cobalt, etc. may be contained. .
- the metal oxide is formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method such as a sputtering method, a metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method, or an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method. deposition) method or the like.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- MOCVD metal organic chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- Crystal structures of oxide semiconductors include amorphous (including completely amorphous), CAAC (c-axis-aligned crystalline), nc (nanocrystalline), CAC (cloud-aligned composite), single crystal, and polycrystal. (poly crystal) and the like.
- the crystal structure of the film or substrate can be evaluated using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- it can be evaluated using an XRD spectrum obtained by GIXD (Grazing-Incidence XRD) measurement.
- GIXD Gram-Incidence XRD
- the GIXD method is also called a thin film method or a Seemann-Bohlin method.
- the shape of the peak of the XRD spectrum is almost bilaterally symmetrical.
- the peak shape of the XRD spectrum is left-right asymmetric.
- the asymmetric shape of the peaks in the XRD spectra demonstrates the presence of crystals in the film or substrate. In other words, the film or substrate cannot be said to be in an amorphous state unless the shape of the peaks in the XRD spectrum is symmetrical.
- the crystal structure of the film or substrate can be evaluated by a diffraction pattern (also referred to as a nano beam electron diffraction pattern) observed by nano beam electron diffraction (NBED).
- a diffraction pattern also referred to as a nano beam electron diffraction pattern
- NBED nano beam electron diffraction
- a halo is observed in the diffraction pattern of a quartz glass substrate, and it can be confirmed that the quartz glass is in an amorphous state.
- a spot-like pattern is observed instead of a halo. Therefore, it is presumed that the IGZO film deposited at room temperature is neither crystalline nor amorphous, but in an intermediate state and cannot be concluded to be in an amorphous state.
- oxide semiconductors may be classified differently from the above when their structures are focused. For example, oxide semiconductors are classified into single-crystal oxide semiconductors and non-single-crystal oxide semiconductors. Examples of non-single-crystal oxide semiconductors include the above CAAC-OS and nc-OS. Non-single-crystal oxide semiconductors include polycrystalline oxide semiconductors, amorphous-like oxide semiconductors (a-like OS), amorphous oxide semiconductors, and the like.
- CAAC-OS is an oxide semiconductor that includes a plurality of crystal regions, and the c-axes of the plurality of crystal regions are oriented in a specific direction. Note that the specific direction is the thickness direction of the CAAC-OS film, the normal direction to the formation surface of the CAAC-OS film, or the normal direction to the surface of the CAAC-OS film.
- a crystalline region is a region having periodicity in atomic arrangement. If the atomic arrangement is regarded as a lattice arrangement, the crystalline region is also a region with a uniform lattice arrangement.
- CAAC-OS has a region where a plurality of crystal regions are connected in the a-b plane direction, and the region may have strain.
- the strain refers to a portion where the orientation of the lattice arrangement changes between a region with a uniform lattice arrangement and another region with a uniform lattice arrangement in a region where a plurality of crystal regions are connected. That is, CAAC-OS is an oxide semiconductor that is c-axis oriented and has no obvious orientation in the ab plane direction.
- each of the plurality of crystal regions is composed of one or more microcrystals (crystals having a maximum diameter of less than 10 nm).
- the maximum diameter of the crystalline region is less than 10 nm.
- the size of the crystal region may be about several tens of nanometers.
- CAAC-OS contains indium (In) and oxygen.
- a tendency to have a layered crystal structure also referred to as a layered structure in which a layer (hereinafter referred to as an In layer) and a layer containing the element M, zinc (Zn), and oxygen (hereinafter referred to as a (M, Zn) layer) are stacked.
- the (M, Zn) layer may contain indium.
- the In layer contains the element M.
- the In layer may contain Zn.
- the layered structure is observed as a lattice image in, for example, a high-resolution TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) image.
- a plurality of bright points are observed in the electron beam diffraction pattern of the CAAC-OS film.
- a certain spot and another spot are observed at point-symmetrical positions with respect to the spot of the incident electron beam that has passed through the sample (also referred to as a direct spot) as the center of symmetry.
- the lattice arrangement in the crystal region is basically a hexagonal lattice, but the unit cell is not always a regular hexagon and may be a non-regular hexagon. Moreover, the distortion may have a lattice arrangement such as a pentagon or a heptagon. Note that in CAAC-OS, no clear crystal grain boundary can be observed even near the strain. That is, it can be seen that the distortion of the lattice arrangement suppresses the formation of grain boundaries. This is because the CAAC-OS can tolerate strain due to the fact that the arrangement of oxygen atoms is not dense in the a-b plane direction, or the bond distance between atoms changes due to the substitution of metal atoms. It is considered to be for
- a crystal structure in which clear grain boundaries are confirmed is called a polycrystal.
- a grain boundary becomes a recombination center, traps carriers, and is highly likely to cause a decrease in on-current of a transistor, a decrease in field-effect mobility, and the like. Therefore, a CAAC-OS in which no clear grain boundaries are observed is one of crystalline oxides having a crystal structure suitable for a semiconductor layer of a transistor.
- a structure containing Zn is preferable for forming a CAAC-OS.
- In--Zn oxide and In--Ga--Zn oxide are preferable because they can suppress the generation of grain boundaries more than In oxide.
- CAAC-OS is an oxide semiconductor with high crystallinity and no clear crystal grain boundaries. Therefore, it can be said that the decrease in electron mobility due to grain boundaries is less likely to occur in CAAC-OS.
- a CAAC-OS can be said to be an oxide semiconductor with few impurities or defects (such as oxygen vacancies). Therefore, an oxide semiconductor including CAAC-OS has stable physical properties. Therefore, an oxide semiconductor including CAAC-OS is resistant to heat and has high reliability.
- CAAC-OS is also stable against high temperatures (so-called thermal budget) in the manufacturing process. Therefore, the use of the CAAC-OS for the OS transistor makes it possible to increase the degree of freedom in the manufacturing process.
- nc-OS has periodic atomic arrangement in a minute region (eg, a region of 1 nm to 10 nm, particularly a region of 1 nm to 3 nm).
- the nc-OS has minute crystals.
- the size of the minute crystal is, for example, 1 nm or more and 10 nm or less, particularly 1 nm or more and 3 nm or less, the minute crystal is also called a nanocrystal.
- nc-OS does not show regularity in crystal orientation between different nanocrystals. Therefore, no orientation is observed in the entire film.
- an nc-OS may be indistinguishable from an a-like OS or an amorphous oxide semiconductor depending on the analysis method.
- an nc-OS film is subjected to structural analysis using an XRD apparatus, out-of-plane XRD measurement using ⁇ /2 ⁇ scanning does not detect a peak indicating crystallinity.
- an nc-OS film is subjected to electron beam diffraction (also referred to as selected area electron beam diffraction) using an electron beam with a probe diameter larger than that of nanocrystals (for example, 50 nm or more), a diffraction pattern such as a halo pattern is obtained. is observed.
- an nc-OS film is subjected to electron diffraction (also referred to as nanobeam electron diffraction) using an electron beam with a probe diameter close to or smaller than the size of a nanocrystal (for example, 1 nm or more and 30 nm or less)
- an electron beam diffraction pattern is obtained in which a plurality of spots are observed within a ring-shaped area centered on the direct spot.
- An a-like OS is an oxide semiconductor having a structure between an nc-OS and an amorphous oxide semiconductor.
- An a-like OS has void or low density regions. That is, the a-like OS has lower crystallinity than the nc-OS and CAAC-OS. In addition, the a-like OS has a higher hydrogen concentration in the film than the nc-OS and the CAAC-OS.
- CAC-OS relates to material composition.
- CAC-OS is, for example, one structure of a material in which elements constituting a metal oxide are unevenly distributed with a size of 0.5 nm or more and 10 nm or less, preferably 1 nm or more and 3 nm or less, or in the vicinity thereof.
- the metal oxide one or more metal elements are unevenly distributed, and the region having the metal element has a size of 0.5 nm or more and 10 nm or less, preferably 1 nm or more and 3 nm or less, or a size in the vicinity thereof.
- the mixed state is also called mosaic or patch.
- CAC-OS is a structure in which the material is separated into a first region and a second region to form a mosaic shape, and the first region is distributed in the film (hereinafter, also referred to as a cloud shape). ). That is, CAC-OS is a composite metal oxide in which the first region and the second region are mixed.
- the atomic ratios of In, Ga, and Zn to the metal elements constituting the CAC-OS in the In--Ga--Zn oxide are denoted by [In], [Ga], and [Zn], respectively.
- the first region is a region where [In] is larger than [In] in the composition of the CAC-OS film.
- the second region is a region where [Ga] is greater than [Ga] in the composition of the CAC-OS film.
- the first region is a region in which [In] is larger than [In] in the second region and [Ga] is smaller than [Ga] in the second region.
- the second region is a region in which [Ga] is larger than [Ga] in the first region and [In] is smaller than [In] in the first region.
- the first region is a region whose main component is indium oxide, indium zinc oxide, or the like.
- the second region is a region containing gallium oxide, gallium zinc oxide, or the like as a main component. That is, the first region can be rephrased as a region containing In as a main component. Also, the second region can be rephrased as a region containing Ga as a main component.
- a clear boundary between the first region and the second region may not be observed.
- the CAC-OS in the In—Ga—Zn oxide means a region containing Ga as a main component and a region containing In as a main component in a material structure containing In, Ga, Zn, and O. Each region is a mosaic, and refers to a configuration in which these regions exist randomly. Therefore, CAC-OS is presumed to have a structure in which metal elements are unevenly distributed.
- the CAC-OS can be formed, for example, by sputtering under the condition that the substrate is not heated.
- a sputtering method one or more selected from an inert gas (typically argon), an oxygen gas, and a nitrogen gas may be used as a deposition gas. good.
- an inert gas typically argon
- oxygen gas typically argon
- a nitrogen gas may be used as a deposition gas. good.
- the lower the flow rate ratio of the oxygen gas to the total flow rate of the film formation gas during film formation, the better. is preferably 0% or more and 10% or less.
- an EDX mapping obtained using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy shows that a region containing In as a main component It can be confirmed that the (first region) and the region (second region) containing Ga as the main component are unevenly distributed and have a mixed structure.
- the first region is a region with higher conductivity than the second region. That is, when carriers flow through the first region, conductivity as a metal oxide is developed. Therefore, by distributing the first region in the form of a cloud in the metal oxide, a high field effect mobility ( ⁇ ) can be realized.
- the second region is a region with higher insulation than the first region.
- the leakage current can be suppressed by distributing the second region in the metal oxide.
- CAC-OS when used for a transistor, the conductivity caused by the first region and the insulation caused by the second region act in a complementary manner to provide a switching function (turning ON/OFF). functions) can be given to the CAC-OS.
- a part of the material has a conductive function
- a part of the material has an insulating function
- the whole material has a semiconductor function.
- CAC-OS is most suitable for various semiconductor devices including display devices.
- Oxide semiconductors have a variety of structures, each with different characteristics.
- An oxide semiconductor of one embodiment of the present invention includes two or more of an amorphous oxide semiconductor, a polycrystalline oxide semiconductor, an a-like OS, a CAC-OS, an nc-OS, and a CAAC-OS. may
- an oxide semiconductor with low carrier concentration is preferably used for a transistor.
- the carrier concentration of the oxide semiconductor is 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or less, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 3 or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 11 cm ⁇ 3 or less. 3 or less, more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 10 cm ⁇ 3 and 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 cm ⁇ 3 or more.
- the impurity concentration in the oxide semiconductor film may be lowered to lower the defect level density.
- a low impurity concentration and a low defect level density are referred to as high-purity intrinsic or substantially high-purity intrinsic.
- an oxide semiconductor with a low carrier concentration is sometimes referred to as a highly purified intrinsic or substantially highly purified intrinsic oxide semiconductor.
- the trap level density may also be low.
- the charge trapped in the trap level of the oxide semiconductor takes a long time to disappear, and may behave as if it were a fixed charge. Therefore, a transistor whose channel formation region is formed in an oxide semiconductor with a high trap level density might have unstable electrical characteristics.
- Impurities include hydrogen, nitrogen, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, iron, nickel, silicon, and the like.
- the concentration of silicon or carbon in the oxide semiconductor and the concentration of silicon or carbon in the vicinity of the interface with the oxide semiconductor are 2 ⁇ 10 18 atoms/cm 3 or less, preferably 2 ⁇ 10 17 atoms/cm 3 or less.
- the concentration of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal in the oxide semiconductor obtained by SIMS is set to 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms/cm 3 or less, preferably 2 ⁇ 10 16 atoms/cm 3 or less.
- the nitrogen concentration in the oxide semiconductor obtained by SIMS is less than 5 ⁇ 10 19 atoms/cm 3 , preferably 5 ⁇ 10 18 atoms/cm 3 or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms/cm 3 or less. , more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 17 atoms/cm 3 or less.
- the oxide semiconductor reacts with oxygen that bonds to a metal atom to form water, which may cause oxygen vacancies.
- oxygen vacancies When hydrogen enters the oxygen vacancies, electrons, which are carriers, may be generated.
- part of hydrogen may bond with oxygen that bonds with a metal atom to generate an electron, which is a carrier. Therefore, a transistor including an oxide semiconductor containing hydrogen is likely to have normally-on characteristics. Therefore, hydrogen in the oxide semiconductor is preferably reduced as much as possible.
- the hydrogen concentration obtained by SIMS is less than 1 ⁇ 10 20 atoms/cm 3 , preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 19 atoms/cm 3 , more preferably less than 5 ⁇ 10 18 atoms/cm. Less than 3 , more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms/cm 3 .
- This embodiment can be implemented by appropriately combining at least part of it with other embodiments described herein.
- An electronic device of this embodiment includes a display device of one embodiment of the present invention.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can easily have high definition, high resolution, and large size. Therefore, the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be used for display portions of various electronic devices.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be manufactured at low cost, the manufacturing cost of the electronic device can be reduced.
- Examples of electronic devices include televisions, desktop or notebook personal computers, monitors for computers, digital signage, electronic devices with relatively large screens such as large game machines such as pachinko machines, digital Examples include cameras, digital video cameras, digital photo frames, mobile phones, mobile game machines, mobile information terminals, and sound reproducing devices.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can have high definition, it can be suitably used for an electronic device having a relatively small display portion.
- electronic devices include wristwatch-type and bracelet-type information terminals (wearable devices), VR devices such as head-mounted displays, and glasses-type AR devices that can be worn on the head. equipment and the like.
- Wearable devices also include devices for SR and devices for MR.
- the area of the display portion can be increased by connecting a plurality of exposure regions; therefore, both high definition and a large area can be achieved in the display portion. can do. Therefore, it is possible to increase the amount of information such as images and characters to be displayed on the display unit of information terminals (wearable devices) such as wristwatch-type and bracelet-type devices, which is preferable. In addition, it is possible to increase the size of characters displayed on the display unit, which is preferable. In addition, in wearable devices that can be worn on the head, such as devices for VR, devices for AR, devices for MR, and devices for SR, the sense of immersion, presence, and depth can be further enhanced.
- a display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes HD (1280 ⁇ 720 pixels), FHD (1920 ⁇ 1080 pixels), WQHD (2560 ⁇ 1440 pixels), WQXGA (2560 ⁇ 1600 pixels), 4K2K (2560 ⁇ 1600 pixels), 3840 ⁇ 2160) and 8K4K (7680 ⁇ 4320 pixels).
- the resolution it is preferable to set the resolution to 4K2K, 8K4K, or higher.
- the pixel density (definition) of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 300 ppi or more, more preferably 500 ppi or more, 1000 ppi or more, more preferably 2000 ppi or more, more preferably 3000 ppi or more, and 5000 ppi or more.
- the electronic device of this embodiment can be incorporated along the inner or outer wall of a house or building, or along the curved surface of the interior or exterior of an automobile.
- the electronic device of this embodiment may have an antenna.
- An image, information, or the like can be displayed on the display portion by receiving a signal with the antenna.
- the antenna may be used for contactless power transmission.
- the electronic device of this embodiment includes sensors (force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, number of revolutions, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage , power, radiation, flow, humidity, gradient, vibration, odor or infrared).
- the electronic device of this embodiment can have various functions. For example, functions to display various information (still images, moving images, text images, etc.) on the display, touch panel functions, functions to display calendars, dates or times, functions to execute various software (programs), wireless communication function, a function of reading a program or data recorded on a recording medium, and the like.
- An electronic device 6500 shown in FIG. 27A is a mobile information terminal that can be used as a smartphone.
- the electronic device 6500 has a housing 6501, a display unit 6502, a power button 6503, a button 6504, a speaker 6505, a microphone 6506, a camera 6507, a light source 6508, and the like.
- a display portion 6502 has a touch panel function.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 6502 .
- FIG. 27B is a schematic cross-sectional view including the end of the housing 6501 on the microphone 6506 side.
- a light-transmitting protective member 6510 is provided on the display surface side of the housing 6501, and a display panel 6511, an optical member 6512, a touch sensor panel 6513, and a printer are placed in a space surrounded by the housing 6501 and the protective member 6510.
- a substrate 6517, a battery 6518, and the like are arranged.
- a display panel 6511, an optical member 6512, and a touch sensor panel 6513 are fixed to the protective member 6510 with an adhesive layer (not shown).
- a portion of the display panel 6511 is folded back in a region outside the display portion 6502, and the FPC 6515 is connected to the folded portion.
- An IC6516 is mounted on the FPC6515.
- the FPC 6515 is connected to terminals provided on the printed circuit board 6517 .
- a flexible display (flexible display device) of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display panel 6511 . Therefore, an extremely lightweight electronic device can be realized. In addition, since the display panel 6511 is extremely thin, the thickness of the electronic device can be reduced and the large-capacity battery 6518 can be mounted. In addition, by folding back part of the display panel 6511 and arranging a connection portion with the FPC 6515 on the back side of the pixel portion, an electronic device with a narrow frame can be realized.
- FIG. 28A An example of a television device is shown in FIG. 28A.
- a television set 7100 has a display portion 7000 incorporated in a housing 7101 .
- a configuration in which a housing 7101 is supported by a stand 7103 is shown.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000 .
- the operation of the television device 7100 shown in FIG. 28A can be performed using operation switches provided in the housing 7101 and a separate remote control operation device 7111 .
- the display portion 7000 may be provided with a touch sensor, and the television device 7100 may be operated by touching the display portion 7000 with a finger or the like.
- the remote controller 7111 may have a display section for displaying information output from the remote controller 7111 .
- a channel and a volume can be operated with operation keys or a touch panel provided in the remote controller 7111 , and an image displayed on the display portion 7000 can be operated.
- the television device 7100 is configured to include a receiver, a modem, and the like.
- the receiver can receive general television broadcasts. Also, by connecting to a wired or wireless communication network via a modem, one-way (from the sender to the receiver) or two-way (between the sender and the receiver, or between the receivers, etc.) information communication is performed. is also possible.
- FIG. 28B shows an example of a notebook personal computer.
- a notebook personal computer 7200 has a housing 7211, a keyboard 7212, a pointing device 7213, an external connection port 7214, and the like.
- the display portion 7000 is incorporated in the housing 7211 .
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000 .
- FIGS. 28C and 28D An example of digital signage is shown in FIGS. 28C and 28D.
- a digital signage 7300 shown in FIG. 28C includes a housing 7301, a display unit 7000, speakers 7303, and the like. Furthermore, it can have an LED lamp, an operation key (including a power switch or an operation switch), connection terminals, various sensors, a microphone, and the like.
- FIG. 28D shows a digital signage 7400 attached to a cylindrical post 7401.
- a digital signage 7400 has a display section 7000 provided along the curved surface of a pillar 7401 .
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000 in FIGS. 28C and 28D.
- the wider the display unit 7000 the more information can be provided at once.
- the wider the display unit 7000 the more conspicuous it is, and the more effective the advertisement can be, for example.
- a touch panel By applying a touch panel to the display unit 7000, not only can images or moving images be displayed on the display unit 7000, but also the user can intuitively operate the display unit 7000, which is preferable. Further, when used for providing information such as route information or traffic information, usability can be enhanced by intuitive operation.
- the digital signage 7300 or digital signage 7400 is preferably capable of cooperating with an information terminal 7311 or information terminal 7411 such as a smartphone possessed by the user through wireless communication.
- advertisement information displayed on the display unit 7000 can be displayed on the screen of the information terminal 7311 or the information terminal 7411 .
- display on the display portion 7000 can be switched.
- the digital signage 7300 or the digital signage 7400 can execute a game using the screen of the information terminal 7311 or 7411 as an operation means (controller). This allows an unspecified number of users to simultaneously participate in and enjoy the game.
- FIG. 29A is a diagram showing the appearance of the camera 8000 with the finder 8100 attached.
- a camera 8000 has a housing 8001, a display unit 8002, an operation button 8003, a shutter button 8004, and the like.
- a detachable lens 8006 is attached to the camera 8000 . Note that the camera 8000 may be integrated with the lens 8006 and the housing.
- the camera 8000 can capture an image by pressing the shutter button 8004 or by touching the display unit 8002 that functions as a touch panel.
- the housing 8001 has a mount with electrodes, and can be connected to the viewfinder 8100 as well as a strobe device or the like.
- the viewfinder 8100 has a housing 8101, a display section 8102, buttons 8103, and the like.
- the housing 8101 is attached to the camera 8000 by mounts that engage the mounts of the camera 8000 .
- a viewfinder 8100 can display an image or the like received from the camera 8000 on a display portion 8102 .
- the button 8103 has a function as a power button or the like.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 8002 of the camera 8000 and the display portion 8102 of the viewfinder 8100 .
- the camera 8000 having a built-in finder may also be used.
- FIG. 29B is a diagram showing the appearance of the head mounted display 8200.
- FIG. 29B is a diagram showing the appearance of the head mounted display 8200.
- a head-mounted display 8200 has a mounting section 8201, a lens 8202, a main body 8203, a display section 8204, a cable 8205, and the like.
- a battery 8206 is built in the mounting portion 8201 .
- a cable 8205 supplies power from a battery 8206 to the main body 8203 .
- a main body 8203 includes a wireless receiver or the like, and can display received video information on a display portion 8204 .
- the main body 8203 is equipped with a camera, and information on the movement of the user's eyeballs or eyelids can be used as input means.
- the mounting section 8201 may be provided with a plurality of electrodes capable of detecting a current flowing along with the movement of the user's eyeballs at a position where it touches the user, and may have a function of recognizing the line of sight. Moreover, it may have a function of monitoring the user's pulse based on the current flowing through the electrode.
- the mounting unit 8201 may have various sensors such as a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, an acceleration sensor, etc., and has a function of displaying biological information of the user on the display unit 8204, In addition, a function of changing an image displayed on the display portion 8204 may be provided.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 8204 .
- FIG. 29C to 29E are diagrams showing the appearance of the head mounted display 8300.
- FIG. A head mounted display 8300 includes a housing 8301 , a display portion 8302 , a band-shaped fixture 8304 , and a pair of lenses 8305 .
- the user can visually recognize the display on the display unit 8302 through the lens 8305 .
- the display portion 8302 it is preferable to arrange the display portion 8302 in a curved manner because the user can feel a high presence.
- three-dimensional display or the like using parallax can be performed.
- the configuration is not limited to the configuration in which one display portion 8302 is provided, and two display portions 8302 may be provided and one display portion may be arranged for one eye of the user.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 8302 .
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can also achieve extremely high definition. For example, even when the display is magnified using the lens 8305 as shown in FIG. 29E, it is difficult for the user to visually recognize the pixels. In other words, the display portion 8302 can be used to allow the user to view highly realistic images.
- FIG. 29F is a diagram showing the appearance of a goggle-type head-mounted display 8400.
- the head mounted display 8400 has a pair of housings 8401, a mounting section 8402, and a cushioning member 8403.
- a display portion 8404 and a lens 8405 are provided in the pair of housings 8401, respectively. By displaying different images on the pair of display portions 8404, three-dimensional display using parallax can be performed.
- the user can visually recognize the display unit 8404 through the lens 8405.
- the lens 8405 has a focus adjustment mechanism, and its position can be adjusted according to the user's visual acuity.
- the display portion 8404 is preferably square or horizontally long rectangular. This makes it possible to enhance the sense of reality.
- the mounting part 8402 preferably has plasticity and elasticity so that it can be adjusted according to the size of the user's face and does not slip off.
- a part of the mounting portion 8402 preferably has a vibration mechanism that functions as a bone conduction earphone. As a result, you can enjoy video and audio without the need for separate audio equipment such as earphones and speakers.
- the housing 8401 may have a function of outputting audio data by wireless communication.
- the mounting part 8402 and the cushioning member 8403 are parts that come into contact with the user's face (forehead, cheeks, etc.). Since the cushioning member 8403 is in close contact with the user's face, it is possible to prevent light leakage and enhance the sense of immersion. It is preferable to use a soft material for the cushioning member 8403 so that the cushioning member 8403 comes into close contact with the user's face when the head mounted display 8400 is worn by the user. For example, materials such as rubber, silicone rubber, urethane, and sponge can be used.
- a member that touches the user's skin is preferably detachable for easy cleaning or replacement.
- the electronic device shown in FIGS. 30A to 30F includes a housing 9000, a display unit 9001, a speaker 9003, operation keys 9005 (including a power switch or an operation switch), connection terminals 9006, sensors 9007 (force, displacement, position, speed). , acceleration, angular velocity, number of rotations, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substances, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, smell, or infrared rays function), a microphone 9008, and the like.
- the electronic devices shown in FIGS. 30A to 30F have various functions. For example, a function to display various information (still images, moving images, text images, etc.) on the display unit, a touch panel function, a calendar, a function to display the date or time, a function to control processing by various software (programs), It can have a wireless communication function, a function of reading and processing programs or data recorded on a recording medium, and the like. Note that the functions of the electronic device are not limited to these, and can have various functions.
- the electronic device may have a plurality of display units.
- the electronic device is equipped with a camera, etc., and has the function of capturing still images or moving images and storing them in a recording medium (external or built into the camera), or the function of displaying the captured image on the display unit, etc. good.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 9001 .
- FIGS. 30A to 30F The details of the electronic devices shown in FIGS. 30A to 30F will be described below.
- FIG. 30A is a perspective view showing a mobile information terminal 9101.
- the mobile information terminal 9101 can be used as a smart phone, for example.
- the portable information terminal 9101 may be provided with a speaker 9003, a connection terminal 9006, a sensor 9007, and the like.
- the mobile information terminal 9101 can display text and image information on its multiple surfaces.
- FIG. 30A shows an example in which three icons 9050 are displayed.
- Information 9051 indicated by a dashed rectangle can also be displayed on another surface of the display portion 9001 . Examples of the information 9051 include notification of incoming e-mail, SNS, telephone, etc., title of e-mail, SNS, etc., sender name, date and time, remaining battery power, strength of antenna reception, and the like.
- an icon 9050 or the like may be displayed at the position where the information 9051 is displayed.
- FIG. 30B is a perspective view showing the mobile information terminal 9102.
- the portable information terminal 9102 has a function of displaying information on three or more sides of the display portion 9001 .
- information 9052, information 9053, and information 9054 are displayed on different surfaces.
- the user can confirm the information 9053 displayed at a position where the mobile information terminal 9102 can be viewed from above the mobile information terminal 9102 while the mobile information terminal 9102 is stored in the chest pocket of the clothes.
- the user can check the display without taking out the portable information terminal 9102 from the pocket, and can determine, for example, whether to receive a call.
- FIG. 30C is a perspective view showing a wristwatch-type mobile information terminal 9200.
- the mobile information terminal 9200 can be used as a smart watch (registered trademark), for example.
- the display portion 9001 has a curved display surface, and display can be performed along the curved display surface.
- Hands-free communication is also possible by allowing the mobile information terminal 9200 to communicate with, for example, a headset capable of wireless communication.
- the portable information terminal 9200 can transmit data to and from another information terminal through the connection terminal 9006, and can be charged. Note that the charging operation may be performed by wireless power supply.
- FIG. 30D to 30F are perspective views showing a foldable personal digital assistant 9201.
- FIG. 30D is a state in which the portable information terminal 9201 is unfolded
- FIG. 30F is a state in which it is folded
- FIG. 30E is a perspective view in the middle of changing from one of FIGS. 30D and 30F to the other.
- the portable information terminal 9201 has excellent portability in the folded state, and has excellent display visibility due to a seamless wide display area in the unfolded state.
- a display portion 9001 included in the portable information terminal 9201 is supported by three housings 9000 connected by hinges 9055 .
- the display portion 9001 can be bent with a curvature radius of 0.1 mm or more and 150 mm or less.
Abstract
Description
図2Aおよび図2Bは、表示装置の構成例を説明する斜視図である。
図3Aおよび図3Bは、表示部を説明するブロック図である。
図4Aおよび図4Bは、表示部を説明するブロック図である。
図5A乃至図5Kは、画素の構成例を示す図である。
図6Aおよび図6Bは、画素の構成例を示す回路図である。
図7Aおよび図7Bは、画素の構成例を示す回路図である。
図8Aおよび図8Bは、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図9A乃至図9Cは、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図10Aおよび図10Bは、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図11Aおよび図11Bは、画素の構成例を示す図である。
図12は、画素の構成例を示す図である。
図13は、表示装置の構成例を示す回路図である。
図14Aおよび図14Bは、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図15は、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図16Aおよび図16Bは、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図17は、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図18Aおよび図18Bは、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図19Aおよび図19Bは、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図20は、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図21Aおよび図21Bは、表示部の構成例を示す図である。
図22は、表示装置の構成例を説明する断面図である。
図23は、表示装置の構成例を説明する断面図である。
図24は、表示装置の構成例を説明する断面図である。
図25Aおよび図25Bは、表示素子の構成例を説明する断面図である。
図26A乃至図26Fは、発光素子の構成例を示す図である。
図27A及び図27Bは、電子機器の一例を示す図である。
図28A乃至図28Dは、電子機器の一例を示す図である。
図29A乃至図29Fは、電子機器の一例を示す図である。
図30A乃至図30Fは、電子機器の一例を示す図である。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置の構成例、及び表示装置の作製方法例について説明する。
以下では、本発明の一態様の表示装置の構成例について説明する。
表示部31においてマトリクス状に配置された複数の画素Pxを、画素マトリクス230と呼ぶ。図8Aには、表示部31が有する画素マトリクス230の平面視の一例を示す。画素マトリクス230は、マトリクス状に配置された複数の画素Pxを有する。
図17に示す表示部31は、マトリクス状に配列された複数の画素11を有する。画素11は複数の副画素により、構成される。赤色光を制御する画素Px、緑色光を制御する画素Px、および青色光を制御する画素Pxをそれぞれ、画素11が有する副画素として用いることができる。
図17には、表示部31が2種類の画素11により構成される例を示したが、図20には、表示部31が1種類の画素11により構成される例を示す。図20において、各々の画素サブマトリクス230[k,m]は、複数の画素11により構成される。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置について説明する。
図22に示す表示装置400Aは、基板331、トランジスタ320(トランジスタ320a、トランジスタ320b1、トランジスタ320b2、トランジスタ320c)、発光素子430a、発光素子430b、発光素子430c、および、容量240を有する。以下、発光素子430a、発光素子430b、発光素子430cをまとめて発光素子430と呼ぶ場合がある。なお、図22には発光素子430bを2つ、示している。2つの発光素子430bをそれぞれ、発光素子430b1、発光素子430b2とする。基板331、基板331上のトランジスタ320、およびトランジスタ上の容量240を有する構成を、図1A、図1B等の層30に適用することができる。また、発光素子430a、430b1、430b2、および、430cを有する構成を、図1A、図1B等の層60に適用することができる。
導電層271cを形成するパターンを含む露光と、導電層271aを形成するパターンを含む露光と、を分けて行う場合には、露光の位置ずれにより導電層271cと導電層271aが隣接する、あるいは重畳することにより、導電層271cと導電層271aが短絡する懸念がある。特に、本発明の一態様の表示装置が有する表示部の精細度が極めて高い場合には、それぞれの画素が有する配線等の間の距離が極めて短くなる場合がある。
図23に示す表示装置400Bは、基板301にチャネルが形成されるトランジスタ310等を有する層20と、層20上に位置し、チャネルが形成される半導体層に金属酸化物を含むトランジスタ320等を有する層30と、層30上に位置し、発光素子430a、発光素子430b、発光素子430c等を有する層60と、を有する。なお、表示装置400Aと同様の部分については説明を省略することがある。層20は、単結晶シリコン基板等の単結晶半導体基板を用いたトランジスタを有することが好ましい。
図24に示す表示装置400Cは、図23に示す表示装置400Bと比較して、層20において、絶縁層261と導電層252の間に容量240c等を有する点、および、層30において、絶縁層258と絶縁層260との間に容量240b等を有する点などが異なる。なお、表示装置400Aまたは表示装置400Bと同様の部分については説明を省略することがある。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の発光素子について説明する。
図25Aには、本発明の一態様の表示装置が有する発光素子の一例を示す。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様である表示装置に用いることができる発光素子(発光デバイスともいう)について説明する。
図26Aに示すように、発光デバイスは、一対の電極(下部電極772、上部電極788)の間に、EL層786を有する。EL層786は、層4420、発光層4411、層4430などの複数の層で構成することができる。層4420は、例えば電子注入性の高い物質を含む層(電子注入層)および電子輸送性の高い物質を含む層(電子輸送層)などを有することができる。発光層4411は、例えば発光性の化合物を有する。層4430は、例えば正孔注入性の高い物質を含む層(正孔注入層)および正孔輸送性の高い物質を含む層(正孔輸送層)を有することができる。
本実施の形態では、上記の実施の形態で説明したOSトランジスタに用いることができる金属酸化物(酸化物半導体ともいう)について説明する。
酸化物半導体の結晶構造としては、アモルファス(completely amorphousを含む)、CAAC(c−axis−aligned crystalline)、nc(nanocrystalline)、CAC(cloud−aligned composite)、単結晶(single crystal)、及び多結晶(poly crystal)等が挙げられる。
なお、酸化物半導体は、構造に着目した場合、上記とは異なる分類となる場合がある。例えば、酸化物半導体は、単結晶酸化物半導体と、それ以外の非単結晶酸化物半導体と、に分けられる。非単結晶酸化物半導体としては、例えば、上述のCAAC−OS、及びnc−OSがある。また、非単結晶酸化物半導体には、多結晶酸化物半導体、擬似非晶質酸化物半導体(a−like OS:amorphous−like oxide semiconductor)、非晶質酸化物半導体、などが含まれる。
CAAC−OSは、複数の結晶領域を有し、当該複数の結晶領域はc軸が特定の方向に配向している酸化物半導体である。なお、特定の方向とは、CAAC−OS膜の厚さ方向、CAAC−OS膜の被形成面の法線方向、またはCAAC−OS膜の表面の法線方向である。また、結晶領域とは、原子配列に周期性を有する領域である。なお、原子配列を格子配列とみなすと、結晶領域とは、格子配列の揃った領域でもある。さらに、CAAC−OSは、a−b面方向において複数の結晶領域が連結する領域を有し、当該領域は歪みを有する場合がある。なお、歪みとは、複数の結晶領域が連結する領域において、格子配列の揃った領域と、別の格子配列の揃った領域と、の間で格子配列の向きが変化している箇所を指す。つまり、CAAC−OSは、c軸配向し、a−b面方向には明らかな配向をしていない酸化物半導体である。
nc−OSは、微小な領域(例えば、1nm以上10nm以下の領域、特に1nm以上3nm以下の領域)において原子配列に周期性を有する。別言すると、nc−OSは、微小な結晶を有する。なお、当該微小な結晶の大きさは、例えば、1nm以上10nm以下、特に1nm以上3nm以下であることから、当該微小な結晶をナノ結晶ともいう。また、nc−OSは、異なるナノ結晶間で結晶方位に規則性が見られない。そのため、膜全体で配向性が見られない。従って、nc−OSは、分析方法によっては、a−like OSまたは非晶質酸化物半導体と区別が付かない場合がある。例えば、nc−OS膜に対し、XRD装置を用いて構造解析を行うと、θ/2θスキャンを用いたOut−of−plane XRD測定では、結晶性を示すピークが検出されない。また、nc−OS膜に対し、ナノ結晶よりも大きいプローブ径(例えば50nm以上)の電子線を用いる電子線回折(制限視野電子線回折ともいう。)を行うと、ハローパターンのような回折パターンが観測される。一方、nc−OS膜に対し、ナノ結晶の大きさと近いかナノ結晶より小さいプローブ径(例えば1nm以上30nm以下)の電子線を用いる電子線回折(ナノビーム電子線回折ともいう。)を行うと、ダイレクトスポットを中心とするリング状の領域内に複数のスポットが観測される電子線回折パターンが取得される場合がある。
a−like OSは、nc−OSと非晶質酸化物半導体との間の構造を有する酸化物半導体である。a−like OSは、鬆または低密度領域を有する。即ち、a−like OSは、nc−OS及びCAAC−OSと比べて、結晶性が低い。また、a−like OSは、nc−OS及びCAAC−OSと比べて、膜中の水素濃度が高い。
次に、上述のCAC−OSの詳細について、説明を行う。なお、CAC−OSは材料構成に関する。
CAC−OSとは、例えば、金属酸化物を構成する元素が、0.5nm以上10nm以下、好ましくは、1nm以上3nm以下、またはその近傍のサイズで偏在した材料の一構成である。なお、以下では、金属酸化物において、一つまたは複数の金属元素が偏在し、該金属元素を有する領域が、0.5nm以上10nm以下、好ましくは、1nm以上3nm以下、またはその近傍のサイズで混合した状態をモザイク状、またはパッチ状ともいう。
続いて、上記酸化物半導体をトランジスタに用いる場合について説明する。
ここで、酸化物半導体中における各不純物の影響について説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の電子機器について図27乃至図30を用いて説明する。
Claims (16)
- 表示部と、第1配線と、第2配線と、第3配線と、第4配線と、を有し、
前記表示部は、第1画素と、第2画素と、第3画素と、を有し、
前記第2画素は、平面視において、前記第1画素と前記第3画素の間に位置し、
前記第1画素、前記第2画素、および前記第3画素はそれぞれ、第1副画素と、第2副画素と、を有し、
前記第1配線は、前記第1画素が有する前記第2副画素に第1電位を与える機能を有し、
前記第2配線は、前記第2画素が有する前記第1副画素に前記第1電位を与える機能を有し、
前記第3配線は、前記第2画素が有する前記第2副画素に前記第1電位を与える機能を有し、
前記第4配線は、前記第3画素が有する前記第1副画素に前記第1電位を与える機能を有し、
前記第1配線と前記第2配線は隣接し、
前記第3配線と前記第4配線は隣接し、
前記第1配線と前記第2配線との距離は、前記第3配線と前記第4配線との距離よりも短い表示装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記第1副画素は、赤、緑および青から選ばれる第1色に対応する光を制御する機能を有し、
前記第2副画素は、赤、緑および青のうち、前記第1色とは異なる第2色に対応する光を制御する機能を有する表示装置。 - 請求項1において、
第5配線と、第6配線と、第7配線と、第8配線と、を有し、
前記第5配線は、前記第1画素が有する前記第2副画素に第1信号を与える機能を有し、
前記第6配線は、前記第2画素が有する前記第1副画素に第2信号を与える機能を有し、
前記第7配線は、前記第2画素が有する前記第2副画素に第3信号を与える機能を有し、
前記第8配線は、前記第3画素が有する前記第1副画素に第4信号を与える機能を有し、
前記第1配線と前記第2配線は、平面視において、前記第5配線と前記第6配線の間に配置され、
前記第3配線と前記第4配線は、平面視において、前記第7配線と前記第8配線の間に配置される表示装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一において、
表示部駆動回路と、前記表示部駆動回路と電気的に接続される第9配線と、前記表示部駆動回路と電気的に接続される第10配線と、を有し、
前記第9配線および前記第10配線はそれぞれ、走査線としての機能を有し、
前記第9配線は、前記第1画素と重畳する第1の領域を有し、
前記第10配線は、前記第2画素と重畳する第2の領域と、前記第3画素と重畳する第3の領域と、を有する表示装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一において、
前記第1画素が有する前記第2副画素は第1トランジスタを有し、
前記第2画素が有する前記第1副画素は第2トランジスタを有し、前記第2画素が有する前記第2副画素は第3トランジスタを有し、
前記第3画素が有する前記第1副画素は第4トランジスタを有し、
前記第1トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの一方は、前記第1配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの一方は、前記第2配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第3トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの一方は、前記第3配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第4トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの一方は、前記第4配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第1配線および前記第2配線は、平面視において、前記第1トランジスタのチャネル形成領域と、前記第2トランジスタのチャネル形成領域との間に配置され、
前記第3配線および前記第4配線は、平面視において、前記第3トランジスタのチャネル形成領域と、前記第4トランジスタのチャネル形成領域との間に配置される表示装置。 - 請求項5において、
前記表示部は、第1発光素子と、第2発光素子と、第3発光素子と、第4発光素子と、を有し、
前記第1トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの他方は、前記第1発光素子と電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの他方は、前記第2発光素子と電気的に接続され、
前記第3トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの他方は、前記第3発光素子と電気的に接続され、
前記第4トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの他方は、前記第4発光素子と電気的に接続される表示装置。 - 請求項5または請求項6において、
表示部駆動回路と、前記表示部駆動回路と電気的に接続される第9配線と、前記表示部駆動回路と電気的に接続される第10配線と、を有し、
前記第9配線および前記第10配線はそれぞれ、走査線としての機能を有し、
前記第9配線は、前記第1トランジスタのゲートと電気的に接続され、
前記第10配線は、前記第2トランジスタのゲート、前記第3トランジスタのゲート、および前記第4トランジスタのゲートと電気的に接続され、
前記第9配線は、前記第1画素と重畳する第1の領域を有し、
前記第10配線は、前記第2画素と重畳する第2の領域と、前記第3画素と重畳する第3の領域と、を有する表示装置。 - 請求項4または請求項7において、
前記第9配線は、前記第2画素および前記第3画素と重畳せず、
前記第10配線は、前記第1画素と重畳せず、
前記第9配線と、前記第10配線は、前記表示部において接しない表示装置。 - 第1画素と、第2画素と、第3画素と、第1配線と、第2配線と、第3配線と、を有し、
前記第2画素は、平面視において、前記第1画素と前記第3画素の間に位置し、
前記第1画素、前記第2画素、および前記第3画素はそれぞれ、第1副画素と、第2副画素と、を有し、
前記第1副画素は、赤、緑および青から選ばれる第1色に対応する光を制御する機能を有し、
前記第2副画素は、赤、緑および青のうち、前記第1色とは異なる第2色に対応する光を制御する機能を有し、
前記第1配線は、前記第1画素が有する前記第2副画素と、前記第2画素が有する前記第1副画素と、に第1電位を与える機能を有し、
前記第2配線は、前記第2画素が有する前記第2副画素に前記第1電位を与える機能を有し、
前記第3配線は、前記第3画素が有する前記第1副画素に前記第1電位を与える機能を有し、
前記第2配線と、前記第3配線と、は互いに隣接し、
前記第1配線は前記第2配線および前記第3配線の一以上よりも幅が広い表示装置。 - 請求項9において、
第4配線と、第5配線と、第6配線と、第7配線と、を有し、
前記第4配線は、前記第1画素が有する前記第2副画素に信号を与える機能を有し、
前記第5配線は、前記第2画素が有する前記第1副画素に信号を与える機能を有し、
前記第6配線は、前記第2画素が有する前記第2副画素に信号を与える機能を有し、
前記第7配線は、前記第3画素が有する前記第1副画素に信号を与える機能を有し、
前記第1配線は平面視において、前記第4配線と前記第5配線の間に配置され、
前記第2配線および前記第3配線は平面視において、前記第6配線と前記第7配線の間に配置される表示装置。 - 請求項9または請求項10において、
前記第1画素が有する前記第2副画素は第1トランジスタを有し、
前記第2画素が有する前記第1副画素は第2トランジスタを有し、前記第2画素が有する前記第2副画素は第3トランジスタを有し、
前記第3画素は第4トランジスタを有し、
前記第1トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの一方と、前記第2トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの一方と、は、前記第1配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第3トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの一方は、前記第2配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第4トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの一方は、前記第3配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第1配線は、前記第1トランジスタのチャネル形成領域と前記第2トランジスタのチャネル形成領域の間に配置され、
前記第2配線および前記第3配線は、前記第3トランジスタのチャネル形成領域と前記第4トランジスタのチャネル形成領域の間に配置される表示装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項11のいずれか一に記載の表示装置と、アンテナと、センサと、を有する電子機器。
- 第1基板上に表示部を有する表示装置の作製方法であり、
前記第1基板上の前記表示部となる領域に、マトリクス状に配列するn個のトランジスタ(nは2以上の整数)を形成する第1工程と、
前記n個のトランジスタ上に第1導電膜を成膜する第2工程と、
前記第1導電膜上にフォトレジストを成膜する第3工程と、
前記表示部となる領域上において、前記フォトレジストに露光処理を施すことにより、所望のパターンを転写する第4工程と、
前記フォトレジストに現像処理を施すことにより、前記フォトレジストに前記所望のパターンを形成する第5工程と、
前記所望のパターンを用いて、前記第1導電膜の一部を除去し、n本の配線を形成する第6工程と、
前記n個のトランジスタ上に、マトリクス状に配列するn個の発光素子を形成する第7工程と、を有し、
前記n本の配線は、前記n個のトランジスタと一対一で電気的に接続され、
前記第4工程は、前記表示部となる領域上において、複数の露光領域に分けて露光する工程を有し、
前記n本の配線のうち、第1配線は、第1露光領域における露光により形成され、第2配線は、第2露光領域における露光により形成され、
前記第1配線と、前記第2配線は、隣接し、
前記n個のトランジスタのうち、第1トランジスタは、前記第1配線に電気的に接続され、第2トランジスタは、前記第2配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第1配線と前記第2配線は、平面視において、前記第1トランジスタのチャネル形成領域と、前記第2トランジスタのチャネル形成領域との間に配置される表示装置の作製方法。 - 請求項13において、
前記n本の配線は、前記n個のトランジスタのソースおよびドレインの一方と一対一で電気的に接続され、
前記n個のトランジスタのソースおよびドレインの他方は、前記n個の発光素子と一対一で電気的に接続され、かつ、一対一で互いに重畳する表示装置の作製方法。 - 請求項13または請求項14において、
前記n個の発光素子のそれぞれはEL層を有する表示装置の作製方法。 - 請求項13乃至請求項15のいずれか一において、
前記複数の露光領域の互いに隣接する露光領域の連結部に、前記互いに隣接する露光領域の一部が互いに重なり合う露光領域が形成されるように露光処理が行われる表示装置の作製方法。
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JP2001109405A (ja) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-20 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | El表示装置 |
JP2004139970A (ja) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-05-13 | Seiko Epson Corp | 電気光学装置、マトリクス基板、及び電子機器 |
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JP2001109405A (ja) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-20 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | El表示装置 |
JP2004139970A (ja) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-05-13 | Seiko Epson Corp | 電気光学装置、マトリクス基板、及び電子機器 |
US20110050550A1 (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-03-03 | Au Optronics Corporation | Pixel driving circuit for light emitting display panel |
US20150129853A1 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-14 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Organic light emitting diode display device and method of fabricating the same |
JP2019070744A (ja) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-05-09 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
US10971556B1 (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-04-06 | Shanghai Tianma AM-OLED Co., Ltd. | Organic light-emitting display panel and organic light-emitting display device |
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