WO2022213836A1 - 一种通信方法及设备 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022213836A1
WO2022213836A1 PCT/CN2022/083416 CN2022083416W WO2022213836A1 WO 2022213836 A1 WO2022213836 A1 WO 2022213836A1 CN 2022083416 W CN2022083416 W CN 2022083416W WO 2022213836 A1 WO2022213836 A1 WO 2022213836A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data packets
information
data
qos flow
transmit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/083416
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金辉
窦凤辉
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110652968.2A external-priority patent/CN115250506A/zh
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22783903.2A priority Critical patent/EP4311298A4/en
Publication of WO2022213836A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022213836A1/zh
Priority to US18/481,076 priority patent/US20240031861A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/34—Flow control; Congestion control ensuring sequence integrity, e.g. using sequence numbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0273—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control adapting protocols for flow control or congestion control to wireless environment, e.g. adapting transmission control protocol [TCP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/32—Flow control; Congestion control by discarding or delaying data units, e.g. packets or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and device.
  • Extended reality refers to a combination of real and virtual and human-computer interaction generated by computer technology and wearable devices. It is augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) , mixed reality (mixed reality, MR) and other forms collectively. Through the integration of visual interaction technology, XR can achieve an "immersive" experience of seamless transition between the virtual world and the real world.
  • AR augmented reality
  • VR virtual reality
  • MR mixed reality
  • XR services are usually transmitted between network equipment and terminal equipment in the form of "frames", each frame represents a still image, and one frame can be transmitted through multiple internet protocol (IP) packets.
  • IP internet protocol
  • the receiving end may not receive IP packets. If the receiver receives an IP packet, it can send an acknowledgment (ACK) to the sender, and if it does not receive an ACK from the receiver, the sender will retransmit the corresponding IP packet.
  • ACK acknowledgment
  • the sender When the number of retransmissions by the sender reaches the maximum number of retransmissions, if the sender still does not receive an ACK from the receiver, it will disconnect the transport layer connection with the receiver, such as the transmission control protocol (transmission control protocol, TCP) connection, at this time the connection between the sender and the receiver is disconnected.
  • TCP transmission control protocol
  • a transport layer connection such as a TCP connection, needs to be re-established, and the process is complicated.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, which are used to reduce the probability of disconnection of the transmission layer connection between the sender and the receiver, and improve the data transmission efficiency.
  • a first communication method is provided, and the method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a larger device including the terminal device, or by a chip system or other functional module, the chip system or functional module can realize the terminal device. Function. Alternatively, the method can also be performed by a network device, or performed by a system-on-chip or other functional modules, and the system-on-chip or functional modules can implement the functions of the network device.
  • the network device is a core network device, such as a UPF.
  • the network device is a server, such as an application server, or an intermediate server connected between the application server and the core network.
  • the method includes: determining first information of data packets that fail to be transmitted in a first QoS flow; discarding some or all of the data packets that fail to transmit, and resetting sequence numbers for data packets that have not yet been sent, so that the The sequence numbers of the sent data packets and the successfully sent data packets are consecutive.
  • the sender if there are data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow, part or all of these data packets can be discarded, which is equivalent to not replaying the discarded data packets. In this way, the number of retransmissions by the sender will not reach the maximum number of retransmissions, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the data packets can be continuously transmitted through the connection of the transport layer, without re-establishing the connection of the transport layer, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the data packets.
  • the receiving end if the sequence numbers of the received data packets are not continuous, the receiving end will always wait to receive the unreceived data packets. If the waiting time reaches a certain length, the connection between the transmission layer of the sender and the receiver may also be disconnected. Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, since some data packets are discarded, the sender can reset the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent, so that the sequence numbers between the data packets that have not been sent and the successfully sent data packets are continuous. For the receiving end, since the data packets with consecutive sequence numbers are received, the receiving end can continue to receive without waiting for the discarded data packets, so as to maintain the transmission layer connection between the sending end and the receiving end as much as possible. Do not disconnect.
  • the method further includes: discarding the remaining data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit, where the remaining data packets are All data packets corresponding to the frame except the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • the XR service has a characteristic. If one of the data packets corresponding to a frame fails to transmit, it may fail to parse the entire frame for the receiving end. Even if the data packets are transmitted, it is of little significance and wastes transmission resources.
  • the data packet that fails to transmit corresponds to a certain frame, and some data packets of the frame belong to the data packet that fails to transmit, and the remaining data packets of the frame have not been transmitted (for example, the data corresponding to the frame is There is no successfully transmitted data packet in the packet and there are still data packets that have not been transmitted), then the remaining data packets in the frame can be discarded without continuing transmission, thereby reducing the burden of data transmission and saving transmission resources.
  • the data of the first application passes through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow
  • the importance of the data packets transmitted by the first QoS flow is lower than that of the data packets transmitted by the second QoS flow.
  • the data packets transmitted by the second QoS flow are more important, so the transmission success rate of the second QoS flow can be guaranteed as much as possible. Since the importance of the data packets transmitted in the first QoS flow is low, when a network problem occurs, the corresponding data packets transmitted in the first QoS flow can be discarded to alleviate problems such as network congestion.
  • the first The information includes (or, indicates) one or more of the following information: the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the type of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, and that the data packet that fails to transmit is in The position in the frame, the number of the data packets that failed to transmit, or, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the M data packets; wherein, the M data packets are the data packets of the transmission failure, Or all data packets corresponding to the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit.
  • the first information may indicate the information of the data packets whose transmission failed, for example, indicating the sequence numbers of the M data packets, and/or the number of the data packets indicating the transmission failure, and the like.
  • the first information may also indicate the information of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet, such as the frame number of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet, the type of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet, and the frame of the failed data packet. one or more of the locations.
  • the content indicated by the first information is relatively flexible.
  • determining the first information of the data packet that fails to transmit in the first QoS flow includes: receiving the first information; or, according to the data transmission situation of the first QoS flow, determining the first information or, receiving second information of a data packet that fails to transmit in the first QoS flow, and determining the first information according to the second information.
  • the method is performed by the server, then the first information is sent to the server by, for example, the UPF.
  • the UE is the sender of the data packet, and the UE can determine the first information accordingly according to the data sending situation of the first QoS flow.
  • the data sending situation of the first QoS flow includes, for example, the discarding situation of data packets on the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF may receive the second information from the access network device, so as to determine the first information according to the second information.
  • the second information includes one or more of the following information: the data packet that fails to transmit The frame number of the corresponding frame, the type of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the position of the data packet that fails to transmit within the frame, the number of data packets that fail to transmit, or, M data packets The sequence number of the corresponding GTP packet header; wherein, the M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • the second information can also indicate the information of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet, such as the frame number of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet, the type of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet, and the data packet within the frame. one or more of the locations.
  • the content indicated by the second information is more flexible.
  • the second information includes the sequence number of the GTP header corresponding to the M data packets
  • Determining the first information according to the second information includes: mapping the sequence number of the GTP packet header to the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer, so as to obtain the first information, the first The information includes the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the M data packets.
  • the method is performed by the UPF, eg the access network device may send the second information to the UPF.
  • the second information sent by the access network device indicates the sequence number of the GTP header corresponding to the M data packets, and cannot indicate the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer corresponding to the M data packets. Then the UPF can map the sequence number of the GTP header to the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer.
  • the method further includes: retransmitting N data packets through the second QoS flow, the N data packets belonging to the failed transmission packets, and the N data packets being the first application A part of the data packet corresponding to one frame of image.
  • the data packets that fail to transmit include N data packets, where the N data packets are partial data packets corresponding to one frame of image of the first application, and the remaining data packets corresponding to the frame of image have been successfully transmitted.
  • the server may retransmit N data packets to the UE.
  • the server may retransmit the N data packets through the second QoS flow, or in other words, the server retransmit the N data packets through the second TCP connection.
  • the UPF After receiving the N data packets, the UPF retransmits the N data packets to the UE through the second QoS flow, where N is a positive integer.
  • the server may discard all other data packets except the N data packets included in the data packets that fail to transmit. In this way, conditions such as network congestion can be alleviated, and the output quality of more frames can be guaranteed as much as possible.
  • the method further includes: when it is determined that the network is back to normal, sending the unsent data packet; or, when the first timer expires, sending the unsent data packet. If it is determined that the network is back to normal, transmission can resume, continuing to send packets that have not yet been sent. Alternatively, if the maintained first timer times out, the transmission can also be resumed, and the data packets that have not been sent can continue to be sent.
  • the data packets that have not been sent have been renumbered, so the data packets that have not been sent and the sequence numbers of the data packets successfully received by the receiver (the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer) are continuous, then the receiver will not wait. Transmission of failed packets, thereby reducing the probability of disconnection between the sender and receiver.
  • a second communication method is provided, and the method can be executed by a network device, or executed by a system-on-chip or other functional modules, and the system-on-chip or functional modules can implement the functions of the network device.
  • the network device is a core network device, such as a UPF.
  • the method includes: sending a first request to an access network device, where the first request is used for requesting to subscribe to transmission information of a first QoS flow, and the transmission information of the first QoS flow is used to indicate transmission of the first QoS flow failure, or indicating a data packet in the first QoS flow that fails to transmit.
  • data of the first application is transmitted through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow, and the quality of service of the first QoS flow is lower than the second QoS flow.
  • the method further includes: receiving the first optional implementation from the access network device. Second information about data packets that fail to be transmitted in a QoS flow; determine first information about data packets that fail to be transmitted in the first QoS flow according to the second information; send the first information to the application server, the An application server corresponds to the first application.
  • the second information includes one or more of the following information: the data packet that fails to transmit The frame number of the corresponding frame, the type of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the position of the data packet that fails to transmit within the frame, the number of data packets that fail to transmit, or, M data packets The sequence number of the corresponding GTP packet header; wherein, the M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • the second information includes the sequence number of the GTP header corresponding to the M data packets
  • Determining the first information according to the second information includes: mapping the sequence number of the GTP packet header to the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer, so as to obtain the first information, the first The information includes the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the M data packets.
  • the first information includes one or more of the following information: the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the type of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, and the type of frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, The position of the data packet in the frame, the number of the data packets that fail to transmit, or, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the M data packets; wherein, the M data packets are the transmission failures data packets, or all data packets corresponding to the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit.
  • a third communication method is provided, and the method can be performed by a terminal device, or by a larger device including the terminal device, or by a chip system or other functional module, the chip system or functional module can realize the terminal device. Function.
  • the method can also be performed by a network device, or performed by a system-on-chip or other functional modules, and the system-on-chip or functional modules can implement the functions of the network device.
  • the network device is a core network device, such as a UPF.
  • the network device is a server, such as an application server, or an intermediate server connected between the application server and the core network.
  • the method includes: receiving fifth information from a first communication device, where the fifth information is used to instruct the first communication device to send a failed data packet in a first QoS flow; and generating second data according to the fifth information packet, the sequence number of the second data packet is the same as the sequence number of the data packet that fails to be sent.
  • the sender if there are data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow, part or all of these data packets can be discarded, which is equivalent to not replaying the discarded data packets. In this way, the number of retransmissions by the sender will not reach the maximum number of retransmissions, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the sender can continue to transmit data packets through the connection of the transport layer, without re-establishing the connection of the transport layer, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the data packets.
  • the sending end can indicate to the receiving end information such as the sequence number of the data packet that failed to send, and the receiving end can automatically generate a data packet with the same sequence number as the data packet that failed to send, so that the receiving end will consider it
  • the sequence numbers of the received data packets are continuous, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the data of the first application is transmitted through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow, and the quality of service of the first QoS flow is lower than the second QoS flow.
  • the data packets transmitted by the second QoS flow are more important, so the transmission success rate of the second QoS flow can be guaranteed as much as possible. Since the importance of the data packets transmitted in the first QoS flow is low, when a network problem occurs, the corresponding data packets transmitted in the first QoS flow can be discarded to alleviate problems such as network congestion.
  • receiving fifth information includes: The communication device receives the fifth information. Since the first QoS flow may not be transmitted normally at this time, optionally, the fifth information may be sent through the second QoS flow, so as to improve the success rate of sending the fifth information.
  • a communication device is provided.
  • the communication apparatus may be the terminal device described in any one of the above-mentioned first to third aspects.
  • the communication device has the functions of the above-mentioned terminal device.
  • the communication device is, for example, a terminal device, or a functional module in the terminal device, such as a baseband device or a chip system.
  • the communication device has the function of the above-mentioned network device.
  • the communication device is, for example, a network device, or a functional module in the network device, such as a baseband device or a chip system.
  • the network device is a core network device, such as a UPF.
  • the network device is a server, such as an application server, or an intermediate server connected between the application server and the core network.
  • the communication device includes a baseband device and a radio frequency device.
  • the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also called a processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also called a transceiver module).
  • the transceiver unit can realize the sending function and the receiving function.
  • the sending unit sometimes also called the sending module
  • the transceiver unit realizes the receiving function
  • the receiving unit sometimes also called receiving module
  • the sending unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional module, which is called a transceiver unit, and this functional module can realize the sending function and the receiving function; or, the sending unit and the receiving unit can be different functional modules, and the transceiver unit is the The collective name for functional modules.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine the first information of the data packets that fail to be transmitted in the first QoS flow; the processing unit is further configured to discard some or all of the data packets that fail to be transmitted, and provide The sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent are reset, so that the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not yet been sent and the data packets that have been sent successfully are consecutive.
  • the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is configured to send a first request to the access network device, where the first request is used to request to subscribe to the transmission information of the first QoS stream, the first QoS
  • the transmission information of the flow is used to indicate the transmission failure of the first QoS flow, or to indicate the transmission failure of the data packets in the first QoS flow.
  • the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit) is configured to receive fifth information from the first communication device, where the fifth information is used to indicate that the first communication device fails to send in the first QoS flow
  • the processing unit is configured to generate a second data packet according to the fifth information, and the sequence number of the second data packet is the same as the sequence number of the data packet that fails to be sent.
  • the communication apparatus further includes a storage unit, and the processing unit is configured to be coupled to the storage unit and execute programs or instructions in the storage unit to enable the communication apparatus.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program or instruction, and when it is executed, the method performed by the terminal device or the network device in the above aspects is realized. .
  • a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the methods of the above aspects to be implemented.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between a P frame and an I frame
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a first communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the server dividing the service of the first application into two data streams for transmission in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a server setting a sequence number for a data packet that has not been sent in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a second communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a third communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a fourth communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a fifth communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a sixth communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of establishing an MPTCP connection in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a terminal device is a device with a wireless transceiver function, which may be a fixed device, a mobile device, a handheld device (such as a mobile phone), a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, or a wireless device (such as a built-in wireless device in the above-mentioned device). , communication modules, modems, or systems on a chip, etc.).
  • the terminal device is used to connect people, things, machines, etc., and can be widely used in various scenarios, such as but not limited to the following scenarios: cellular communication, device-to-device communication (device-to-device, D2D), vehicle-to-everything (vehicle to everything, V2X), machine-to-machine/machine-type communications (M2M/MTC), Internet of things (internet of things, IoT), virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) , Augmented reality (AR), industrial control (industrial control), unmanned driving (self driving), telemedicine (remote medical), smart grid (smart grid), smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation , terminal equipment for smart city, drone, robot and other scenarios.
  • cellular communication device-to-device communication
  • vehicle-to-everything vehicle to everything, V2X
  • M2M/MTC machine-to-machine/machine-type communications
  • IoT Internet of things
  • virtual reality virtual reality
  • AR Augmented reality
  • the terminal equipment may sometimes be referred to as user equipment (UE), a terminal, an access station, a UE station, a remote station, a wireless communication device, a user equipment, or the like.
  • UE user equipment
  • the terminal device is described by taking the UE as an example.
  • the network devices in the embodiments of the present application include, for example, access network devices and/or core network devices.
  • the access network device is a device with a wireless transceiver function, and is used to communicate with the terminal device.
  • the access network equipment includes but is not limited to the base station (BTS, Node B, eNodeB/eNB, or gNodeB/gNB), the transmission reception point (TRP), the third generation partnership project (3rd Generation partnership project, 3GPP) subsequent evolution of base stations, access nodes in wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems, wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, etc.
  • the base station may be: a macro base station, a micro base station, a pico base station, a small base station, a relay station, and the like. Multiple base stations may support the aforementioned networks of the same access technology, or may support the aforementioned networks of different access technologies.
  • a base station may contain one or more co-sited or non-co-sited transmission reception points.
  • the network device may also be a wireless controller, a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU), and/or a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario.
  • the network device can also be a server, a wearable device, or a vehicle-mounted device.
  • a network device in a vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU).
  • the following description will be given by taking the access network device as a base station as an example.
  • the base station can communicate with the terminal equipment, and can also communicate with the terminal equipment through the relay station.
  • a terminal device can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies.
  • the core network equipment is used to implement functions such as mobility management, data processing, session management, policy and charging.
  • the names of devices implementing core network functions in systems with different access technologies may be different, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the core network equipment includes: access and mobility management function (AMF), session management function (session management function, SMF), policy control function (policy control function, PCF) or User plane function (user plane function, UPF), etc.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management function
  • PCF policy control function
  • User plane function user plane function, UPF
  • MME mobility management entity
  • SGW serving gateway
  • PCRF policy and charging rules function
  • PGW public Data network gateway
  • the communication device for implementing the function of the network device may be a network device, or may be a device capable of supporting the network device to realize the function, such as a chip system, and the device may be installed in the network device.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described by taking the device for realizing the function of the network device being a network device as an example.
  • XR refers to a combined real and virtual environment that can be interacted with humans and machines through computer technology and wearable devices. It is a general term for various forms such as AR, VR, and MR. Through the integration of visual interaction technology, XR can achieve an "immersive" experience of seamless transition between the virtual world and the real world.
  • XR services are usually sent between the network and terminal equipment in the form of "frames", each frame representing a still image.
  • various algorithms will be used to reduce the capacity of the data.
  • the I frame represents a key frame, which can be understood as the complete reservation of this frame of picture, and only the data of this frame can be completed during decoding (because it contains a complete picture); the P frame represents this frame and the previous key frame.
  • each frame is related to the size and quality of the picture (for example, 1080P, 720P, etc.), and usually each frame needs to be transmitted through multiple Internet protocol (Internet protocol, IP) packets, for example, I frame It needs to be transmitted through 100 IP packets, and the P frame is transmitted through 40 IP packets.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the importance of the I frame is higher than that of the P frame, because when part of the P frame transmission fails, it usually only affects the display of the P frame, and the user's experience is short-term freeze; however, if the I frame transmission fails If it fails, subsequent P frames will not be parsed, and the user experience will be stuck for a long time.
  • P0 is a P frame with a large modification to the I frame
  • P1 is a frame with minor modifications based on the I frame or P0 frame
  • P2 is the previous frame (I frame, P0 frame or P1 frames) P frames with minor modifications. If the P1 frame or P2 frame is lost, it will only affect the display of this frame, and the impact is small, while if the I frame or P0 frame is lost, it will affect the display of the following frames, with a greater impact.
  • the number of nouns means “singular nouns or plural nouns", that is, “one or more”. "At least one” means one or more, and “plurality” means two or more. "And/or”, which describes the relationship of the associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, it can indicate that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or” relationship. For example, A/B, means: A or B.
  • At least one item(s) below or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
  • at least one of a, b, or c means: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, c Can be single or multiple.
  • the ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the size, content, order, timing, priority, or importance of multiple objects.
  • the first information and the second information may be the same information or different information, and this name does not indicate the difference in content, priority or importance of the two information.
  • the numbering of the steps in the various embodiments introduced in this application is only for distinguishing different steps, and is not used to limit the sequence of steps. For example, step S301 may occur before step S302, or may occur after S302, or may also occur simultaneously with S302.
  • the UE can communicate with a server through an access network device and a core network device, and the server is, for example, an application server, or the server is, for example, an intermediate server.
  • the application server corresponds to the application.
  • An application server corresponds to an application, for example, it is understood that the application server can provide data of the application.
  • the application server corresponding to the XR application can provide the data of the XR application.
  • the core network device can directly connect to the application server.
  • other intermediate servers may also be connected between the core network device and the application server, and the intermediate servers may also serve as the servers.
  • the intermediate server includes, for example, a content delivery network (content delivery network, CDN) server or a multimedia resource function processor (multimedia resource function processor, MRFP) and the like.
  • the access network devices in FIG. 2 correspond to different devices in different systems, for example, in a 4G system, they may correspond to eNBs, and in a 5G system, they correspond to access network devices in 5G, such as gNBs.
  • the core network equipment in FIG. 2 also corresponds to different equipment in different systems. For example, in a 4G system, it may correspond to a PGW, and in a 5G system, it may correspond to a UPF.
  • the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to future mobile communication systems. Therefore, the access network equipment in FIG. 2 can also correspond to the access network equipment in the future mobile communication system, and the core network equipment also It can correspond to the core network equipment in the future communication system.
  • the embodiments of the present application take the access network device being a base station as an example. In fact, referring to the foregoing introduction, the access network device may also be a device such as an RSU.
  • the UE described in the various embodiments of the present application is, for example, the UE in the network architecture shown in FIG. 2 ;
  • the server described in the various embodiments of the present application is, for example, the application server in the network architecture shown in FIG. 2 , or
  • it is an intermediate server connected between a core network device and an application server;
  • the UPF described in the various embodiments of this application is, for example, a core network device in the network architecture shown in FIG.
  • connection described in the various embodiments of this application can be understood as a connection at the transport layer, such as a TCP connection, a user datagram protocol (UDP) connection, a quick UDP internet connection (quick UDP internet connections, QUIC). ), or secure reliable transport (SRT), etc.
  • a TCP connection is used as an example.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present application is applied to a 5G system as an example.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the method.
  • the server sends a downlink data packet to the UPF, and accordingly, the UPF receives the downlink data packet from the server.
  • the number of the downlink data packets may be one or more, and the downlink data packets are, for example, IP packets.
  • the downlink data packet belongs to the first application, and the first application is, for example, an XR application, or may also be other video applications, cloud game (cload gaming, CG) applications, or image applications, or the like.
  • the XR service has the characteristics of data burst. For example, when the XR service is 60 frames/s, one frame of data will arrive at the access network device every 16.67ms, that is, a group of IP packets will arrive at the access network device every 16.67ms, so that the The access network device is requested to send these IP packets to the UE. If the access network device cannot send these IP packets, such as network congestion, etc., the access network device will perform random packet loss processing on one or more of the received IP data packets to alleviate the congestion.
  • the packet loss will have a greater impact on users; while if the discarded packets belong to low-priority frames, such as P1 frames or P2 frames , the packet loss will have less impact on users.
  • the access network equipment is randomly discarded, so the impact of packet loss on users cannot be controlled.
  • layered transmission can be implemented.
  • the server divides the service of the first application into two data streams (for example, two socket streams), and one of the data streams transmits data packets of relatively important frames, such as I frames and/or P0 frames.
  • data packets this data stream may be referred to as the base layer data stream; another data stream transmits data packets of relatively unimportant frames, such as P1 frames and/or P2 frames, this data stream may be referred to as the enhancement layer data stream .
  • the data flow may also be referred to as a traffic flow (traffic flow).
  • the receiving end processes the data packets of the I frame and the corresponding data packets of the P frame, and then decodes and displays them.
  • the access network device cannot guarantee data transmission, such as network congestion, the access network device can give priority to sending high-priority data packets and discard low-priority data packets to ensure that users business experience.
  • the embodiment of the present application can apply this method of split transmission, and the server can divide the service of the first application into two data streams for transmission, and the two data streams are transmitted through two TCP connections. That is to say, two TCP connections may be established between the server and the UE. For example, these two TCP connections are called a first TCP connection and a second TCP connection, wherein the first TCP connection transmits the first data stream, and the second TCP connection transmits the first data stream.
  • the second data stream is transmitted, the first data stream and the second data stream are the data streams of the first application, and the importance of the second data stream is higher than that of the first data stream.
  • the first TCP connection is transmitted through the first QoS flow
  • the second TCP connection is transmitted through the second QoS flow.
  • the quality of service of the second QoS flow is higher than that of the first QoS flow.
  • the second data stream transmits data packets of relatively important frames, such as data packets of I frames and/or P0 frames
  • the first data stream transmits data packets of relatively unimportant frames, Data packets such as P1 frames and/or P2 frames.
  • the number of the downlink data packets is one or more, and the one or more downlink data packets are transmitted through the first TCP connection, or, the number of the downlink data packets is multiple, and some of the multiple downlink data packets pass through The first TCP connection is used for transmission, and the remaining part of the multiple downlink data packets is transmitted through the second TCP connection.
  • the server may provide information about the frame corresponding to each data packet to the UPF, for example, the information provided by the server to the UPF includes one or more of the following: frame type, frame number, the total number of data packets included in the frame, The position of the data packet in the frame (eg, the number of data packets in the frame).
  • the type of frame includes, for example, I frame or P frame, or includes I frame, P0 frame, P1 frame, or P2 frame, or the like.
  • the frame number can also be understood as the number of the frame, such as frame number 100, indicating that the frame number of the frame is 100.
  • the total number of data packets included in a frame refers to the total number of data packets included in one frame, for example, 100 TCP packets or 100 IP packets.
  • the position of the data packet in the frame for example, including whether a certain data packet is the fifth TCP packet in the frame, or the fifth IP packet in the frame, etc.
  • the UPF sends the first request to the access network device, and correspondingly, the access network device receives the first request.
  • the UPF After the UPF receives the downlink data packet, it determines that the first TCP connection is transmitted through the first quality of service (QoS) stream, and the UPF can send a first request to the access network device, and the first request can request to obtain the first QoS stream
  • the first request is used for requesting to subscribe to the transmission information of the first QoS stream, then the first request may also be referred to as a subscription request.
  • the first request is used for requesting to subscribe to the transmission information of the first QoS flow as an example.
  • the transmission information of the first QoS flow indicates that the transmission of the data packets in the first QoS flow fails, or indicates that the transmission of the data packets in the first QoS flow fails (eg, indicates the sequence number of the data packets that fail to be transmitted in the first QoS flow).
  • the second TCP connection is transmitted through the second QoS stream. Since the importance of the second data stream is relatively high, it is considered that the embodiment of the present application needs to ensure the success rate of the second data stream. Therefore, the UPF does not need to subscribe to the access network device for the second data stream. Two QoS flow transmission information. The importance of the first data stream is relatively low.
  • the access network device may discard the data packets carried by the first QoS stream, so the UPF can subscribe to the transmission information of the first QoS stream.
  • the UPF can also subscribe the access network device for the transmission information of the second QoS flow, for example, it can subscribe to the transmission information of the first QoS flow and the transmission information of the second QoS flow through a first request, or through two first requests
  • the transmission information of the first QoS flow and the transmission information of the second QoS flow are subscribed respectively.
  • the embodiments of the present application mainly focus on subscription to the transmission information of the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF determines the QoS flow (QoS flow) corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the IP quintuple and other information carried by the downlink data packet, so as to map the downlink data packet to the QoS flow for transmission , the QoS flow is, for example, the first QoS flow or the second QoS flow.
  • the IP quintuple carried by the downlink data packet includes, for example, the source IP address, destination IP address, source port number, destination port number, and protocol number of the downlink data packet.
  • the source IP address of the downlink data packet is the IP address of the sender of the downlink data packet, for example, the IP address of the server in the embodiment of the present application, and the source port number of the downlink data packet is also the port number of the sender of the downlink data packet, For example, the port number of the server.
  • the target IP address of the downlink data packet is the IP address of the receiving end of the downlink data packet, for example, the IP address of the UE in the embodiment of the present application, and the target port number of the downlink data packet is also the port number of the receiving end of the downlink data packet, For example, the port number of the UE.
  • the UPF may also subscribe to the transmission information of the first QoS flow, for example, the subscription request includes the QoS flow identifier (QoS flow identifier, QFI) of the first QoS flow.
  • QFI QoS flow identifier
  • the UPF sends the first request to the SMF, and the SMF sends the first request to the access network device, so that the access network device receives the first request.
  • the access network device may send a response message, such as a response message 1, to the SMF, and the response message 1 may indicate that the subscription succeeds or fails.
  • the SMF sends the response message 2 to the UPF. If the response message 1 indicates that the subscription is successful, the response message 2 indicates that the subscription is successful. If the response message 1 indicates that the subscription fails, the response message 2 indicates the subscription. fail.
  • the UPF receives the response message 2 from the SMF, it can determine whether the subscription succeeds or the subscription fails. In order to simplify the drawing, the response message 1 and the response message 2 are not shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the UPF can also directly send the first request to the access network device.
  • the UPF adds a general packet radio service tunnel protocol (GTP) header to the first request, so as to pass the user-oriented access network
  • GTP general packet radio service tunnel protocol
  • the access network device may receive the first request from the UPF.
  • the access network device may send a response message to the UPF, and after the UPF receives the response message from the access network device, it may determine whether the subscription is successful or the subscription fails.
  • the response message is not shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first data flow through the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first TCP connection through the first QoS flow.
  • the data packets described in the various embodiments of the present application are, for example, IP packets or TCP packets.
  • the UPF may determine the information of the frame corresponding to each data packet.
  • the frame information can be provided by the server to the UPF, or generated by the UPF itself. For example, when the XR service is 60 frames/s, a frame of data will arrive at the UPF every 16.67ms, that is, there will be a group of IP packets every 16.67ms. When the UPF is reached, the UPF can generate frame information according to the size of the data packet and the arrival law.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the second data flow through the second QoS flow. In other words, the UPF transmits the data packets of the second TCP connection through the second QoS flow.
  • the UPF may determine the information of the frame corresponding to each data packet.
  • the frame information may be provided by the server to the UPF, or may be generated by the UPF itself.
  • the second data stream transmits data packets of relatively important frames, such as data packets of I frames and/or P0 frames, and the first data stream transmits data packets of relatively unimportant frames, such as Packets of P1 frames and/or P2 frames.
  • the access network device sends the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit.
  • the UPF receives the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit.
  • the access network device when the access network device detects that the first QoS flow has packet loss, or in other words, the transmission fails, it can send the second information.
  • the access network device may send the second information to the SMF, and the SMF then sends the second information to the UPF, or the access network device directly sends the second information to the UPF.
  • the second information includes one or more of the following information (or, the information indicated by the second information includes one or more of the following information): the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the frame number corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, The type of frame, the position of the failed data packet in the frame (for example, the number of data packets in the frame), the number of failed data packets, the sequence number of M data packets (M data packets can be Including the data packets that fail to transmit, or including all the data packets corresponding to the frame corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit, M is a positive integer).
  • the sequence number of the data packet included (or indicated) in the second information is, for example, the GTP sequence number corresponding to the data packet (or, in other words, the sequence number of the GTP header corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit).
  • the second information includes (or, indicates) the sequence number of the data packet that fails to transmit, but does not include (or, indicates) the other information as above.
  • the second information sent by the access network device may include a GTP header. There may be a correspondence between the sequence numbers of the data packets transmitted on the QoS flow (for example, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer) and the sequence number of the GTP packet header. Then, after the access network device determines the data packet that fails to transmit, it can determine the sequence number of the GTP header corresponding to the sequence number of the data packet that fails to transmit, and the GTP header of the sequence number can be included in the second information.
  • the second information includes (or indicates) the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the type of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, or one of the positions within the frame of the data packet that fails to transmit. one or more.
  • the XR service has a characteristic. If one of the data packets corresponding to a frame fails to transmit, the receiving end may fail to parse the entire frame. That is, if One of the data packets corresponding to one frame fails to transmit, and even if the remaining data packets in this frame are transmitted, it has little meaning and wastes transmission resources.
  • one frame corresponds to 50 data packets, and as long as one of the 50 data packets fails to transmit, the receiver will fail to parse the frame. Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, if the access network device determines that the data packet that fails to transmit corresponds to a certain frame, and some data packets of the frame belong to the data packet that fails to transmit, and the remaining data packets of the frame have not been transmitted (for example, In the data packets corresponding to the frame, there are no data packets that have been successfully transmitted and there are still data packets that have not been transmitted), then if the access network device has received the remaining data packets of the frame, it can discard the remaining data packets of the frame.
  • the access network device can also indicate to the UPF information about the data packet that fails to transmit transmission, for example, the second information includes (or, indicates) the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that failed to transmit, and the data packet that failed to transmit.
  • the access network device can carry the information of the data packet that fails to transmit in the GTP header included in the second information, thereby The UPF or the server can handle it accordingly.
  • the second information may include (or, indicate) the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that failed to transmit, and the frame number corresponding to the data packet that failed to transmit.
  • the second information includes (or, indicates) the GTP sequence number of the failed transmission packet, or, the second information includes ( or, indicating) the GTP sequence numbers of all data packets corresponding to the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit. Or, if the access network device determines that the data packet that fails to transmit corresponds to a certain frame, and some of the data packets of the frame belong to the data packet that fails to transmit, but the remaining data packets of the frame already have data packets that have been successfully transmitted, then the second The information may include (or, indicate) the GTP sequence number of the packet that failed to transmit.
  • the access network device may also send third information, where the third information may indicate the timing duration of the first timer.
  • the first timer may also be called stop sending timer, or may have other names.
  • the first timer is maintained, for example, by the UPF or the server. Before the first timer expires, the UPF or the server cannot send the data packet corresponding to the first application. When the first timer expires, the UPF or the server can continue to send the data packet corresponding to the first application. packets, which can relieve network congestion in this way.
  • the timing duration of the first timer can be determined by the access network equipment.
  • the access network device may send the third information to the UPF through the SMF, or may directly send the third information to the UPF.
  • the access network device may also send fourth information, where the fourth information, for example, indicates the reason for the transmission failure.
  • the reasons for transmission failure include one or more of the following: network congestion, insufficient network resources, temporary network fluctuations, integrity transmission discards packets, integrity transmission discards remaining packets, or, Drop low priority packets.
  • the reasons for the transmission failure may include other reasons in addition to one or more of the above. For example, if the reason for the transmission failure includes dropping low-priority data packets, it may also be considered that the reason for the transmission failure is indicated by default due to network congestion or insufficient network resources.
  • the access network device may send the fourth information to the UPF through the SMF, or may directly send the fourth information to the UPF.
  • the UPF sends the first information of the data packet whose transmission fails to the server, and accordingly, the server receives the first information of the data packet whose transmission fails from the UPF.
  • the first information includes, for example, one or more of the following information (or, the first information, for example, indicates one or more of the following information): the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit Type, the position of the failed data packet in the frame (for example, the number of data packets in the frame), the number of failed data packets, the sequence number of M data packets (M data packets can include transmission The failed data packet, or all data packets corresponding to the frame corresponding to the failed data packet).
  • the sequence number of the data packet indicated by the first information is, for example, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer corresponding to the data packet.
  • the UPF can record the corresponding relationship between the sequence number of the data packet (for example, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer) and the sequence number of the GTP packet header. After the UPF receives the second information, if the second information includes (or indicates) the sequence number of the GTP header corresponding to the failed data packet, the UPF can map the sequence number of the GTP header indicated by the second information to the sequence number of the TCP layer or the IP address. The serial number of the layer, so that the first information can be determined.
  • the first information determined by the UPF may include (or indicate) the sequence number of the data packet that fails to transmit in the first QoS flow (or, the first information is used to determine the data packet that fails to transmit in the first QoS flow).
  • Sequence number for example, the first information includes (or indicates) the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of these data packets.
  • the UPF maps the sequence number of the GTP header included (or indicates) to the TCP layer sequence number or After the sequence number of the IP layer, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the frame to which the data packet corresponding to the sequence number of the IP layer belongs can be determined, or the UPF can determine the sequence number of the GTP packet header according to the sequence number of the GTP packet header included (or indicated) by the second information. The frame to which the corresponding packet belongs.
  • the first information determined by the UPF may include (or, indicate) the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to be transmitted in the first QoS flow (or, in other words, the first information is used to determine the data that fails to be transmitted in the first QoS flow).
  • the frame corresponding to the packet for example, the first information includes (or, indicates) the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit in the first QoS flow, the type of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, or the data that fails to transmit One or more of the locations within the frame.
  • the UPF may determine the sequence numbers of all the data packets corresponding to the frame corresponding to the failed data packet (for example, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer), then the first information determined by the UPF may include (or, indicate) the The sequence numbers of all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets whose transmission fails in the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF may include (or, indicate) the second information.
  • the sequence number of the GTP packet header is mapped to the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer, so that the first information can be determined.
  • the first information includes (or indicates) all the data corresponding to the frame corresponding to the failed data packet.
  • the TCP sequence number or IP sequence number of the packet is mapped to the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer.
  • the UPF can determine the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit after receiving the second information information, such as determining the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit and/or the type of frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, etc., and the determined information of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit can be used as the first information.
  • the UPF can determine that the second information is the first information, that is, the first information also includes (or, indicates) the Information about the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to be transmitted in the first QoS flow.
  • the second information includes (or, indicates) the information of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit in the first QoS flow, for example, includes (or, indicates) the information corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit in the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF can determine the sequence numbers of all data packets corresponding to the frames included (or indicated) in the second information (for example, The sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer), thereby determining the first information, for example, the first information includes (or indicates) the sequence numbers of all data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF may send the first information to the server.
  • the UPF may send the timing duration of the first timer to the server, and the server may receive the timing duration of the first timer from the UPF.
  • the UPF may not send the timing duration of the first timer to the server, and the server can determine the timing duration of the first timer by itself.
  • the timing duration can be specified by a protocol, or a default value can be used.
  • the server may also not enable the first timer.
  • the UPF may send the reason for the transmission failure to the server, and the server may learn the reason for the transmission failure from the UPF.
  • the server may determine the timing duration of the first timer according to the reason for the transmission failure.
  • the server discards some or all of the data packets whose transmission fails.
  • the server may directly execute S307.
  • the server may determine whether to discard the failed transmission packet according to the reason for the transmission failure. As an example, if the transmission failure is caused by a temporary network fluctuation, the network problem may be temporary, and the network may be recovered in a short time, so the server may not drop the failed transmission packet, but wait If the network continues to send these data packets, the server does not need to execute S307, nor does it need to execute S308 to be described later.
  • the server may discard some or all of the data packets whose transmission fails, that is, perform S307.
  • the server can discard all data packets that fail to transmit, which can relieve network congestion to a greater extent.
  • the server may also choose to discard some of the data packets that fail to transmit, and the server may retransmit the remaining data packets to the UE.
  • the data packets that fail to transmit include N data packets, where the N data packets are partial data packets corresponding to one frame of image of the first application, and the remaining data packets corresponding to the frame of image have been successfully transmitted. Then, in order to ensure the output quality of the frame image as much as possible, the server may retransmit N data packets to the UE.
  • the server may retransmit the N data packets through the second QoS flow, or in other words, the server retransmits the N data packets.
  • the UPF After receiving the N data packets, the UPF retransmits the N data packets to the UE through the second QoS flow, where N is a positive integer.
  • the server may discard all other data packets except the N data packets included in the data packets that fail to transmit. In this way, conditions such as network congestion can be alleviated, and the output quality of more frames can be guaranteed as much as possible.
  • the server retransmits the N data packets through the second TCP connection, or the server retransmits the N data packets through the first TCP connection.
  • the server may also send the first indication information to the UPF, and the UPF may map the N data packets to the second QoS flow for transmission according to the first indication information.
  • the first indication information is, for example, information such as a retransmission indication or a high priority indication, which is used by the UPF to determine to map the data packet to the second QoS flow.
  • the specific implementation of the first indication information is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the server may also discard the data packet of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet.
  • the data packet that failed to transmit corresponds to the first frame, and the remaining data packets in the first frame belong to the data packets that have not been transmitted yet. Discard the remaining packets of the first frame.
  • the first information indicates the sequence number of the data packet that fails to be transmitted in the first QoS flow, and the server may just discard some or all of the data packets that fail to transmit; The information of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet, for example, the first frame is determined.
  • the server can discard the remaining data packets of the first frame (in addition , the server also discards the data packets corresponding to the first frame in the data packets that fail to transmit), then the data packets of the first frame are no longer included in the data packets that have not been sent. For another example, if the first information indicates information about frames corresponding to data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow, the server may discard all data packets corresponding to these frames.
  • the server may discard the data packets indicated by the first information, and these data packets may include transmission All or part of the failed data packets, and/or including data packets corresponding to frames corresponding to the failed data packets in the first QoS flow.
  • the server resets the sequence numbers for the data packets that have not been sent, so that the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent and the data packets that have been sent successfully are consecutive.
  • the data packets that have not been sent are, for example, the data packets that have not been sent in the data packets transmitted through the first QoS flow, and the data packets that have been transmitted through the second QoS flow may not be considered.
  • the sequence number set for the data packet that has not yet been sent such as the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer.
  • the server discards the corresponding data packets. If the sequence numbers are not reset for the data packets that have not been sent yet, after the server sends the data packets that have not been sent to the UE, for the UE, the sequence numbers of the received data packets are If the sequence numbers of the data packets received before the network failure are discontinuous, the UE will always wait to receive the unreceived data packets. For example, the sequence numbers of the data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow are 11 to 20, and the server discards these 10 data packets. For the server, the maximum sequence number of a successfully sent data packet is 10, and the minimum sequence number of a data packet that has not been sent is 21.
  • the server does not reset the sequence numbers for the data packets that have not been sent, the UE will always wait for the data packets 11 to 20 after receiving the data packets 21 . If the wait reaches a certain period of time, the TCP connection between the server and the UE may be disconnected. Therefore, the server can reset the sequence number of the data packets that have not been sent, so that the sequence numbers between the data packets that have not been sent and the data packets that have been successfully sent are continuous. It can continue to receive without waiting for discarded data packets, so as to maintain the TCP connection between the server and the UE as much as possible.
  • the server resets the sequence number of the data packet 21 that has not been sent to 11, and other data packets that have not been sent also reset the sequence number in sequence, so that the sequence number between the data packet that has not been sent and the data packet that has been successfully sent is continuously. Then the UE receives the data packet 11 instead of the data packet 21. Due to the continuous sequence numbers, the UE does not wait for the discarded data packets, so that the TCP connection between the server and the UE can be maintained.
  • the requirement for serial numbers to be continuous is a requirement of the TCP layer of the receiving end (such as UE).
  • the TCP layer After the TCP layer receives the data packets, if the serial numbers of the data packets are continuous, the TCP layer will submit the data packets with continuous serial numbers to the application layer for processing.
  • the application layer can identify the real data contained in the data packet, and will not associate the data packet with a frame that does not correspond to the sequence number. For example, the server resets the sequence number of the data packet 21 to 11, the data packet 21 corresponds to the frame B, and the real data packet 11 corresponds to the frame A. After receiving the data packet 11, the application layer of the UE can determine that the frame corresponding to the data packet 11 is the frame B instead of the frame A, so that the situation of output confusion will not occur.
  • the server only discards some or all of the data packets that fail to be transmitted in the first QoS flow, and does not discard the remaining data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to these data packets, the data packets that have not been sent still include the data packets of these frames. the corresponding remaining packets.
  • the data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow include data packets 1-5 and data packets 12-13, wherein data packets 1-5 correspond to frame A, data packets 12-13 correspond to frame B, and frame A also corresponds to data packets 6-10, frame B also corresponds to data packets 11, 14-20.
  • the server discards data packets 1 to 5 and data packets 12 to 13, but does not discard data packets 6 to 10 and data packets 11 and 14 to 20. Then data packets 6 to 10 and data packets 11 and 14 to 20 are not yet Sending data packets, the server needs to reset the sequence numbers for these data packets. Or, if the server not only discards some or all of the data packets that failed to transmit in the first QoS flow, but also discards the remaining data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to these data packets, the data packets that have not been sent no longer include these frames. the corresponding remaining data packets. Following the above example, for example, if the server discards data packets 1 to 20, then data packets 11 and 14 to 20 do not belong to the data packets that have not been sent, and the server does not need to set sequence numbers for these data packets.
  • the server sends data packets that have not been sent, and accordingly, the UE receives these data packets.
  • the server sends data packets that have not been sent, and accordingly, the UE receives these data packets.
  • the unsent data packet is, for example, an unsent data packet on the first QoS flow.
  • the server sends the unsent data packets to the UPF through the first TCP connection, and the UPF maps these data packets to the first QoS flow and sends them to the UE.
  • the timeout of the first timer may also be understood as the expiration of the first timer (expired), or the countdown of the first timer ends.
  • the server may start the first timer. For example, the server may start the first timer after receiving the first information, or the server may start the first timer after receiving the timing duration of the first timer.
  • a first timer can be started.
  • the protocol specifies the timing duration of the first timer, or the timing duration uses a default value, and the server, for example, starts the first timer after receiving the first information.
  • the server If the server starts the first timer, before the first timer expires, the server cannot send or stop sending the data packets on the first QoS flow corresponding to the first application, while the data packets of the second QoS flow corresponding to the first application Packet, the server can continue to send, or it can not send.
  • the server may send the unsent data packets through the first TCP connection.
  • the server may not start the first timer.
  • the access network device may send the sixth information to the UPF (for example, the access network device directly sends the sixth information to the UPF, or the access network device sends the sixth information to the UPF through the SMF Six information), after receiving the sixth information, the UPF can send the sixth information to the server, and after the server receives the sixth information, it can determine that the unsent data packets can be sent through the first TCP connection.
  • the sixth information may indicate that the network is back to normal, or instruct to send data packets, or instruct to send data packets through the first QoS flow, and so on.
  • the first information is used by the server to determine that the network is back to normal.
  • the access network device may also send sixth information to the UPF, the UPF The sixth information may be sent to the server.
  • the first timer may not have expired, but according to the notification of the access network device, the server can also determine that the network is back to normal, so that the unsent data packets can be sent in time through the first TCP connection. Additionally, the server may stop the first timer.
  • FIG. 5 it is an example of a server sending a data packet that has not been sent yet.
  • data packets 1, 2, and 3 are successfully sent data packets
  • data packets 4 and 5 are data packets that failed to be transmitted
  • data packets 6, 7, 8, and 9 are data packets that have not been sent yet. Packets 4 and 5 are discarded due to transmission failure.
  • the server re-sets the sequence numbers for packets 6, 7, 8, and 9. After the sequence numbers are reset, packets 6, 7, 8, and 9 are changed to packets 4, 5, and 6. , 7, after the network is restored, the server sends data packets 4, 5, 6, and 7. Therefore, for the UE, the sequence numbers of the received data packets are continuous.
  • S301-S305 and S309 are optional steps.
  • the application (APP) that provides the first application in the application layer of the UE After the application (APP) that provides the first application in the application layer of the UE generates service data, the APP or an application processor (application processor, AP) encapsulates the service data into a data packet (for example, an IP packet).
  • the modem of the UE requests radio resources from the access network device to send these data packets to the server through the access network device and the UPF.
  • the UE transmits the data of the first application through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow.
  • the application that provides the first application may also be understood as an application (APP) corresponding to the first application.
  • the modem of the UE receives data packets from the application layer that need to be transmitted through the first QoS stream, but there is a problem in the network, such as network congestion or insufficient network resources, etc., the modem cannot complete the sending of these data packets.
  • the modem may determine the first information of the data packet that fails to transmit according to the data sending situation of the first QoS flow, and the modem may send the first information to the application layer of the UE.
  • the data sending situation of the first QoS flow may indicate a network situation. For example, a large number of data packets of the first QoS flow are lost, and the network may be congested or network resources are insufficient.
  • the modem may also send the third information and/or the fourth information to the application layer. For the content of this information, please refer to the previous introduction.
  • the application layer of the UE can directly discard some or all of the data packets that fail to transmit, and optionally, can also discard the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit. Alternatively, the application layer of the UE may also determine whether to discard the data packets according to the cause of the transmission failure. For this part, please refer to S307. If the application layer of the UE discards the data packet, the application layer of the UE can reset the sequence number for the data packet that has not been sent, and for these contents, refer to S308.
  • the UE may continue to send the data packets that have not been sent yet, and refer to S309 for these contents.
  • the application layer of the UE determines the network recovery.
  • One determination method is that, if the network recovery is determined, the modem of the UE can send sixth information to the application layer of the UE, and the application layer of the UE can determine the sixth information after receiving the sixth information.
  • the application layer of the UE can send the unsent data packets through the first QoS flow.
  • the sixth information may indicate that the network is back to normal, or indicate to send data packets, or indicate to send data packets through the first QoS flow.
  • the modem of the UE may send the sixth information to the application layer of the UE, and S309 may also be referred to for the content.
  • the sender if there are data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow, part or all of these data packets can be discarded, which is equivalent to not replaying the discarded data packets. In this way, the number of retransmissions by the sender will not reach the maximum number of retransmissions, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the sender can continue to transmit data packets through the connection of the transport layer, without re-establishing the connection of the transport layer, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the data packets.
  • the receiving end if the sequence numbers of the received data packets are not continuous, the receiving end will always wait to receive the unreceived data packets. If the waiting time reaches a certain length, the connection between the transmission layer of the sender and the receiver may also be disconnected. Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, since some data packets are discarded, the sender can reset the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent, so that the sequence numbers between the data packets that have not been sent and the successfully sent data packets are continuous. For the receiving end, since the data packets with consecutive sequence numbers are received, the receiving end can continue to receive without waiting for the discarded data packets, so as to maintain the transmission layer connection between the sending end and the receiving end as much as possible. Do not disconnect.
  • the server can sense the transmission situation of the data packets, so that the server determines whether to discard the data packets, etc., so the execution process of the server needs to be modified.
  • the second communication method according to the embodiment of the present application is provided below. In this method, the server does not need to perceive the transmission situation of the data packet, and changes to the server are relatively small. Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a flowchart of the method.
  • the server sends a downlink data packet to the UPF, and accordingly, the UPF receives the downlink data packet from the server.
  • the number of the downlink data packets may be one or more, and the downlink data packets are, for example, IP packets.
  • the downlink data packet belongs to the first application, and the first application is, for example, an XR application, or other video applications or image applications.
  • S301 For more content of S601, please refer to S301 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the UPF determines to execute the TCP proxy function.
  • the TCP proxy is executed by the UPF, and a TCP connection between the UE and the server is split into two TCP connections.
  • the two TCP connections are the TCP connection between the UE and the UPF and the connection between the UPF and the server. TCP connection.
  • the ACK of the UE for the received data packet is sent to the UPF, and the UPF will not forward it to the server. After the UPF receives the data packet from the server, the UPF will send the ACK to the server.
  • the UPF sends the first request to the access network device, and correspondingly, the access network device receives the first request.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first data flow through the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first TCP connection through the first QoS flow.
  • the data packets described in the various embodiments of the present application are, for example, IP packets.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the second data flow through the second QoS flow. In other words, the UPF transmits the data packets of the second TCP connection through the second QoS flow.
  • the access network device sends the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit, and accordingly, the UPF receives the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit.
  • the UPF discards some or all of the data packets whose transmission fails.
  • S607 For more content of S607, reference may be made to S307 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, except that S307 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is executed by the server, while S607 is executed by the UPF, but the execution methods are similar.
  • the UPF resets the sequence numbers for the data packets that have not been sent, so that the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent and the data packets that have been sent successfully are consecutive.
  • the unsent data packets are, for example, unsent data packets among the data packets transmitted by the first QoS flow, and the data packets transmitted by the second QoS flow may not be considered.
  • the sequence number set for the data packet that has not yet been sent such as the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer.
  • the UPF implements the TCP proxy function, so the server cannot perceive the transmission status of the data packets.
  • the server only needs to send the data packet to the UPF, and the UPF can send the ACK to the server after receiving the data packet, and the server can continue to send the data packet to the UPF after receiving the ACK.
  • the server if there are packet transmission failures, it is still possible to receive packets from the server all the time, but these packets may have to be processed as unsent packets.
  • S308 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is executed by the server, while S608 is executed by the UPF, but the execution methods are similar.
  • the UPF sends data packets that have not been sent, and accordingly, the UE receives these data packets.
  • the UPF sends data packets that have not been sent, and accordingly, the UE receives these data packets.
  • the unsent data packet is, for example, an unsent data packet on the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF maps the unsent data packets to the first QoS flow and sends them to the UE.
  • S609 For more content of S609, reference may be made to S309 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, except that S309 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is executed by the server, while S609 is executed by the UPF, but the execution methods are similar.
  • S601-S606 and S609 are optional steps.
  • the sender if there are data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow, part or all of these data packets can be discarded, which is equivalent to not replaying the discarded data packets. In this way, the number of retransmissions by the sender will not reach the maximum number of retransmissions, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the sender can continue to transmit data packets through the connection of the transport layer, without re-establishing the connection of the transport layer, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the data packets.
  • the receiving end if the sequence numbers of the received data packets are not continuous, the receiving end will always wait to receive the unreceived data packets. If the waiting time reaches a certain length, the connection between the transmission layer of the sender and the receiver may also be disconnected. Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, since some data packets are discarded, the sender can reset the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent, so that the sequence numbers between the data packets that have not been sent and the successfully sent data packets are continuous. For the receiving end, since the data packets with consecutive sequence numbers are received, the receiving end can continue to receive without waiting for the discarded data packets, so as to maintain the transmission layer connection between the sending end and the receiving end as much as possible. Do not disconnect. Moreover, in the embodiment of the present application, the UPF performs the TCP proxy, and the server does not need to perceive the data transmission situation, but only needs to send data packets normally, which simplifies the implementation process of the server.
  • FIG. 3 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , two TCP connections are established between the UE and the server to transmit the data of the first application, which requires changing the implementation of the server.
  • the third communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described below. In this method, only one TCP connection needs to be established between the UE and the server, and the changes to the server are small. Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a flowchart of the method.
  • the server sends a downlink data packet to the UPF, and accordingly, the UPF receives the downlink data packet from the server.
  • the number of the downlink data packets may be one or more, and the downlink data packets are, for example, IP packets.
  • the downlink data packet belongs to the first application, and the first application is, for example, an XR application, or other video applications or image applications.
  • the server sends the data of the first application to the UPF.
  • the UPF determines to execute the TCP proxy function.
  • S702 For more content of S702, reference may be made to S602 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the UPF determines that the data packets of the TCP connection are transmitted between the UPF and the UE through at least two QoS streams. In other words, the UPF determines to transmit the data packets of the first application between the UPF and the UE through at least two QoS flows.
  • the UPF determines that the importance of the data packets of the first application is different, and some data packets are of higher importance and some of the data packets are of lower importance, then the UPF can determine that at least two QoS flows are passed between the UPF and the UE
  • the data packets of the TCP connection are transmitted, and different QoS streams transmit data packets of different importance levels, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.
  • the data packet of the first application is transmitted through two QoS flows as an example, and the two QoS flows include, for example, a first QoS flow and a second QoS flow.
  • S704 Establish a first connection between the UPF and the UE.
  • the first connection may include at least two subflows, the at least two subflows being transported on at least two QoS flows, the at least two QoS flows including the first QoS flow, for example the at least two QoS flows including the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow.
  • the first connection is, for example, a multiplexed TCP (multipath TCP, MPTCP) connection, or can also be other connections such as multiplexed QUIC (multipath QUIC, MPQUIC), and the embodiment of the present application takes the first connection as an MPTCP connection as an example.
  • the MPTCP connection can be understood as including at least two sub-flows, at least two sub-flows are transmitted on at least two QoS flows, wherein one QoS flow transmits one sub-flow.
  • the MPTCP connection includes the first subflow and the second subflow. The first subflow is transmitted through the first QoS flow, and the second subflow is transmitted through the first QoS flow. The flow is transmitted through the second QoS flow.
  • S704 can be executed, and if the MPTCP connection has been established between the UPF and the UE, it is not necessary to execute S704.
  • the process of establishing the MPTCP connection will be introduced in other embodiments later.
  • MPTCP connection is that it can better control the data packets transmitted on multiple paths to ensure the correct and effective transmission of data packets. Moreover, only one TCP connection needs to be established between the server and the UE, and the modification to the server is small, which is more conducive to commercial promotion.
  • the UPF sends the first request to the access network device, and correspondingly, the access network device receives the first request.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first sub-flow through the first QoS flow.
  • the data packets described in the various embodiments of the present application are, for example, IP packets.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the second sub-flow through the second QoS flow.
  • S706 and S707 For more content of S706 and S707, reference may be made to S303 and S304 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the access network device sends the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit, and accordingly, the UPF receives the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit.
  • the UPF discards some or all of the data packets whose transmission fails.
  • S307 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 For more content of S709, reference may be made to S307 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, except that S307 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is executed by the server, while S709 is executed by the UPF, but the execution methods are similar.
  • the UPF resets the sequence numbers for the data packets that have not been sent, so that the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not yet been sent and the data packets that have been sent successfully are consecutive.
  • the unsent data packets are, for example, unsent data packets among the data packets transmitted by the first QoS flow, and the data packets transmitted by the second QoS flow may not be considered.
  • the sequence number set for the data packet that has not yet been sent such as the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer.
  • the UPF implements the TCP proxy function, so the server cannot perceive the transmission status of the data packets.
  • the server only needs to send the data packet to the UPF, and the UPF can send the ACK to the server after receiving the data packet, and the server can continue to send the data packet to the UPF after receiving the ACK.
  • the server if there are packet transmission failures, it is still possible to receive packets from the server all the time, but these packets may have to be processed as unsent packets.
  • S308 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is executed by the server, while S710 is executed by the UPF, but the execution methods are similar.
  • the UPF sends data packets that have not yet been sent, and accordingly, the UE receives these data packets.
  • the UPF sends data packets that have not been sent, and accordingly, the UE receives these data packets.
  • the unsent data packet is, for example, an unsent data packet on the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF maps the unsent data packets to the first QoS flow and sends them to the UE.
  • S309 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is executed by the server, while S711 is executed by the UPF, but the execution methods are similar.
  • S701 to S708 and S711 are optional steps.
  • the sender if there are data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow, part or all of these data packets can be discarded, which is equivalent to not replaying the discarded data packets. In this way, the number of retransmissions by the sender will not reach the maximum number of retransmissions, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the sender can continue to transmit data packets through the connection of the transport layer, without re-establishing the connection of the transport layer, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the data packets.
  • the receiving end if the sequence numbers of the received data packets are not continuous, the receiving end will always wait to receive the unreceived data packets. If the waiting time reaches a certain length, the connection between the transmission layer of the sender and the receiver may also be disconnected. Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, since some data packets are discarded, the sender can reset the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent, so that the sequence numbers between the data packets that have not been sent and the successfully sent data packets are continuous. For the receiving end, since the data packets with consecutive sequence numbers are received, the receiving end can continue to receive without waiting for the discarded data packets, so as to maintain the transmission layer connection between the sending end and the receiving end as much as possible. Do not disconnect.
  • the UPF executes the TCP proxy, and the server does not need to perceive the data transmission situation, but only needs to send data packets normally, which simplifies the implementation process of the server.
  • the server or UPF adopts the method of discarding the data packets that fail to transmit, and resetting the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent to maintain the connection at the transport layer.
  • the fourth communication method in this method, does not need to reset the sequence number of the data packets that have not yet failed to be sent, and the receiving end can construct the data packets that fail to transmit by itself, thereby maintaining the connection of the transport layer from being disconnected.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the method.
  • the server sends a downlink data packet to the UPF, and accordingly, the UPF receives the downlink data packet from the server.
  • the number of the downlink data packets may be one or more, and the downlink data packets are, for example, IP packets.
  • the downlink data packet belongs to the first application, and the first application is, for example, an XR application, or other video applications or image applications.
  • the UPF sends the first request to the access network device, and correspondingly, the access network device receives the first request.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first data flow through the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first TCP connection through the first QoS flow.
  • the data packets described in the various embodiments of the present application are, for example, IP packets.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the second data flow through the second QoS flow. In other words, the UPF transmits the data packets of the second TCP connection through the second QoS flow.
  • S803 and S804 For more content of S803 and S804, reference may be made to S303 and S304 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the access network device sends the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit, and accordingly, the UPF receives the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit.
  • the UPF sends the first information of the data packet that fails to transmit to the server, and accordingly, the server receives the first information of the data packet that fails to transmit from the UPF.
  • the server sends fifth information to the UE, and accordingly, the UE receives the fifth information from the server.
  • the fifth information may indicate the sequence numbers of some or all of the data packets that the first communication device fails to send (or fail to transmit) in the first QoS flow, or the fifth information may be used to determine that the first communication device is in the first QoS flow.
  • the sequence number of some or all of the data packets that fail to be sent in the stream, the sequence number is, for example, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer, and the first communication device at this time is, for example, a server.
  • the data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow include data packets 1-5 and data packets 12-13, wherein data packets 1-5 correspond to frame A, data packets 12-13 correspond to frame B, and frame A also corresponds to data packets 6-10, frame B also corresponds to data packets 11, 14-20.
  • the server discards the data packets 1-5 and the data packets 12-13, but does not discard the data packets 6-10 and the data packets 11, 14-20, then the fifth information can indicate the sequence numbers of the data packets 1-5, and the indication data
  • the sequence numbers of the packets 12 to 13 may not indicate the sequence numbers of the data packets 6 to 10, nor the sequence numbers of the data packets 11 and 14 to 20.
  • the server in addition to discarding some or all of the data packets that fail to transmit, also determines the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit, and discards the remaining data packets corresponding to these frames, the fifth information may indicate that the first communication device is in the first communication device.
  • the sequence numbers of all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to some or all of the data packets that fail to be sent in a QoS flow, or the fifth information can be used to determine the part or all of the data packets that the first communication device fails to send in the first QoS flow
  • the sequence number of all the data packets corresponding to the frame corresponding to the data packet is, for example, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer.
  • the first communication device is, for example, a server.
  • the data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow include data packets 1-5 and data packets 12-13, wherein data packets 1-5 correspond to frame A, data packets 12-13 correspond to frame B, and frame A also corresponds to data packets 6-10, frame B also corresponds to data packets 11, 14-20.
  • the server discards the data packets 1-5 and the data packets 12-13, but does not discard the data packets 6-10 and the data packets 11, 14-20, then the fifth information may indicate the sequence numbers of the data packets 1-20.
  • the fifth information indicates the sequence numbers of all the data packets discarded by the server.
  • All the data packets discarded by the server include, for example, some or all of the data packets that fail to be sent, and optionally, also include the remaining data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the part or all of the data packets that fail to be sent.
  • the first communication device is the sending end of the failed data packet.
  • the first communication device is a server.
  • the fifth information may also indicate other information about some or all of the data packets that fail to transmit, such as the size of the data packets (size).
  • the server may send the fifth information to the UE through the second QoS flow, or it may be understood that the server uses the second TCP
  • the connection sends the fifth information to the UPF, and the UPF sends the fifth information to the UE through the second QoS flow. Sending the fifth information through the second TCP connection can improve the success rate of sending the fifth information.
  • the UE generates (or, constructs) a second data packet according to the fifth information.
  • the number of the second data packets may be one or more.
  • the UE After the UE (eg, the modem of the UE) receives the fifth information, it may generate a second data packet according to the fifth information, wherein the sequence number of the second data packet is the same as the sequence number of the data packet indicated by the fifth information, and the sequence number of the data packet is, for example, The sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the packet. For example, if the fifth information indicates data packets 1 to 5, the number of second data packets generated by the UE is 5, and the sequence numbers of the five data packets are 1 to 5.
  • the modem of the UE can send the second data packet to the TCP layer of the UE (or referred to as the TCP entity, or referred to as the TCP layer), and the TCP layer of the UE considers that it has received data that is consecutive with the sequence number of the successfully received data packet. Bag.
  • the second data packet is naturally not a real data packet, and does not include the real payload of the data packet indicated by the fifth information, just to make the TCP layer of the UE consider that the sequence numbers of the received data packets are continuous.
  • the content of these data packets can be identified, so that it can be determined that these data packets do not correspond to any frame of the first application, so that the situation of output confusion will not occur.
  • the server discards the data packets, since the UE generates the data packets with the same sequence number as those of these data packets, the server does not need to reset the sequence numbers for the data packets that have not been sent. When the network is restored, the server can continue to send the data packets that have not been sent yet. Regarding the manner in which the server determines network recovery, reference may be made to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 . After the network is restored, the UE receives the data packet that has not been sent from the server before. Since the UE has constructed the data packet discarded by the server, the TCP layer of the UE will consider that the data packet discarded by the server has been received.
  • the TCP layer of the UE will keep the receiving state, so that the relationship between the UE and the server can be maintained. The TCP connection between them is not disconnected.
  • S801 to S806 are optional steps.
  • the APP or AP After the APP that provides the first application in the application layer of the UE generates service data, the APP or AP encapsulates the service data into a data packet (eg, an IP packet).
  • the modem of the UE requests radio resources from the access network device to send these data packets to the server through the access network device and the UPF.
  • the UE transmits the data of the first application through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow.
  • the modem of the UE receives data packets from the application layer that need to be transmitted through the first QoS stream, but there is a problem in the network, such as network congestion or insufficient network resources, etc., the modem cannot complete the sending of these data packets.
  • the modem may determine the first information of the data packet that fails to transmit according to the data sending situation of the first QoS flow, and the modem may send the first information to the application layer of the UE.
  • the modem may also send the third information and/or the fourth information to the application layer.
  • the content of this information please refer to the previous introduction.
  • the application layer of the UE can directly discard some or all of the data packets that fail to transmit, and optionally, can also discard the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit. Alternatively, the application layer of the UE may also determine whether to discard the data packets according to the cause of the transmission failure. For this part, please refer to S307 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 . If the application layer of the UE discards the data packet, the UE may send the fifth information to the server, for example, the UE sends the fifth information to the server through the second QoS flow.
  • the UE sends the fifth information to the UPF through the second QoS flow, and the UPF sends the fifth information to the server through the second TCP connection. Sending the fifth information through the second TCP connection can improve the success rate of sending the fifth information.
  • the first communication device at this time is the UE.
  • the server may generate a second data packet according to the fifth information, and the sequence number of the second data packet is the same as the sequence number of the data packet indicated by the fifth information.
  • the server can send the second data packet to the TCP layer of the server (or referred to as a TCP entity, or referred to as the TCP layer), and the TCP layer of the server considers that it has received a data packet with a serial number consecutive to the successfully received data packet.
  • the UE discards the data packets
  • the server since the server generates the data packets with the same sequence number as those of these data packets, the UE does not need to reset the sequence numbers for the data packets that have not been sent.
  • the UE may continue to send the data packets that have not been sent yet.
  • the server receives the data packets that have not been sent before from the UE. Since the server has constructed the data packets discarded by the UE, the TCP layer of the server will consider that the data packets discarded by the UE have been received.
  • the TCP layer of the server will keep the receiving state, so that the relationship between the UE and the server can be maintained. The TCP connection between them is not disconnected.
  • the sender if there are data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow, part or all of these data packets can be discarded, which is equivalent to not replaying the discarded data packets. In this way, the number of retransmissions by the sender will not reach the maximum number of retransmissions, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the sender can continue to transmit data packets through the connection of the transport layer, without re-establishing the connection of the transport layer, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the data packets.
  • the sending end can indicate to the receiving end information such as the sequence number of the data packet that failed to send, and the receiving end can automatically generate a data packet with the same sequence number as the data packet that failed to send, so that the receiving end will consider it
  • the sequence numbers of the received data packets are continuous, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the server can sense the transmission situation of the data packets, so that the server determines whether to discard the data packets, etc., so the execution process of the server needs to be modified.
  • the fifth communication method according to the embodiment of the present application is provided below. In this method, the server does not need to perceive the transmission situation of the data packet, and changes to the server are relatively small. Please refer to FIG. 9 , which is a flowchart of the method.
  • the server sends a downlink data packet to the UPF, and accordingly, the UPF receives the downlink data packet from the server.
  • the number of the downlink data packets may be one or more, and the downlink data packets are, for example, IP packets.
  • the downlink data packet belongs to the first application, and the first application is, for example, an XR application, or other video applications or image applications.
  • the UPF determines to execute the TCP proxy function.
  • the UPF sends the first request to the access network device, and correspondingly, the access network device receives the first request.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first data flow through the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first TCP connection through the first QoS flow.
  • the data packets described in the various embodiments of the present application are, for example, IP packets.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the second data flow through the second QoS flow. In other words, the UPF transmits the data packets of the second TCP connection through the second QoS flow.
  • the access network device sends the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit, and accordingly, the UPF receives the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit.
  • UPF records the correspondence between the sequence number of the data packet (such as the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer) and the sequence number of the GTP header.
  • the UPF can record the sequence number of the GTP header indicated by the second information. It is mapped to the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer, and accordingly, the first information of the data packet that fails to be transmitted is obtained.
  • the first information can indicate the sequence number of the data packet that fails to be transmitted in the first QoS flow.
  • the first information indicates The sequence numbers of failed packets are either the TCP layer sequence number or the IP layer sequence number of those packets.
  • the first information is used by the UPF to determine the sequence number of the data packet that fails to be transmitted in the first QoS flow.
  • the UPF sends the fifth information to the UE, and accordingly, the UE receives the fifth information from the UPF.
  • the fifth information may indicate the sequence numbers of some or all of the data packets that the first communication device fails to transmit in the first QoS flow, or the fifth information is used to determine the sequence numbers of some or all of the data packets that fail to be transmitted in the first QoS flow .
  • the fifth information may indicate the sequence numbers of all data packets corresponding to frames corresponding to some or all of the data packets that fail to be sent by the first communication device in the first QoS flow, or the fifth information may be used to determine the first communication device The sequence numbers of all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to some or all of the failed data packets are sent in the first QoS flow.
  • the first communication device is, for example, a UPF.
  • S907 For more content of S907, reference may be made to S807 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the UE generates a second data packet according to the fifth information, and the sequence number of the second data packet is the same as the sequence number of the data packet indicated by the fifth information.
  • the sequence number of the data packet is, for example, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the data packet.
  • S901 to S907 are optional steps.
  • the APP or AP After the APP that provides the first application in the application layer of the UE generates service data, the APP or AP encapsulates the service data into a data packet (eg, an IP packet).
  • the modem of the UE requests radio resources from the access network device to send these data packets to the server through the access network device and the UPF.
  • the UE transmits the data of the first application through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow.
  • the modem of the UE receives data packets from the application layer that need to be transmitted through the first QoS stream, but there is a problem in the network, such as network congestion or insufficient network resources, etc., the modem cannot complete the sending of these data packets.
  • the modem may determine the first information of the data packet that fails to transmit according to the data sending situation of the first QoS flow, and the modem may send the first information to the application layer of the UE.
  • the modem may also send the third information and/or the fourth information to the application layer.
  • the content of this information please refer to the previous introduction.
  • the application layer of the UE can directly discard some or all of the data packets that fail to transmit, and optionally, can also discard the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit. Alternatively, the application layer of the UE can also determine whether to discard the data packets according to the reason for the transmission failure. For this part, please refer to S307 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 . If the application layer of the UE discards the data packet, the UE may send the fifth information to the UPF, for example, the UE sends the fifth information to the UPF through the second QoS flow. By sending the fifth information through the second QoS flow, the success rate of sending the fifth information can be improved.
  • the first communication device at this time is the UE.
  • the UPF may generate a second data packet according to the fifth information, and the sequence number of the second data packet is the same as the sequence number of the data packet indicated by the fifth information.
  • the UE may send the second data packet to the TCP layer of the UPF (or referred to as the TCP entity, or referred to as the TCP layer), and the TCP layer of the UPF considers that it has received a data packet with a sequence number consecutive to the successfully received data packet.
  • the UE discards the data packets, since the UPF generates the data packets with the same sequence number as those of the data packets, the UE does not need to reset the sequence numbers for the data packets that have not been sent. When the network recovers, the UE may continue to send the data packets that have not been sent yet. Regarding the manner in which the UE determines network recovery, reference may be made to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 . After the network is restored, the UPF receives the data packets that have not been sent before from the UE.
  • the TCP layer of the UPF will consider that the data packets discarded by the UE have been received, and the TCP layer of the server It will not wait to receive these data packets, and the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent from the UE and the data packets that have been successfully received before are consecutive, then the TCP layer of the UPF will keep the receiving state, so that the relationship between the UE and the UPF can be maintained.
  • the TCP connection between the UE and the server is not disconnected, and accordingly, the TCP connection between the UE and the server can be maintained.
  • the sender if there are data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow, part or all of these data packets can be discarded, which is equivalent to not replaying the discarded data packets. In this way, the number of retransmissions by the sender will not reach the maximum number of retransmissions, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the sender can continue to transmit data packets through the connection of the transport layer, without re-establishing the connection of the transport layer, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the data packets.
  • the sending end can indicate to the receiving end information such as the sequence number of the data packet that failed to send, and the receiving end can automatically generate a data packet with the same sequence number as the data packet that failed to send, so that the receiving end will consider it
  • the sequence numbers of the received data packets are continuous, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the UPF performs the TCP proxy, and the server does not need to perceive the data transmission situation, but only needs to send data packets normally, which simplifies the implementation process of the server.
  • FIG. 8 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 or the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , two TCP connections are established between the UE and the server to transmit the data of the first application, which requires changing the implementation of the server.
  • the sixth communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described below. In this method, only one transport layer connection needs to be established between the UE and the server, and changes to the server are minor. Please refer to FIG. 10 , which is a flowchart of the method.
  • the server sends a downlink data packet to the UPF, and accordingly, the UPF receives the downlink data packet from the server.
  • the number of the downlink data packets may be one or more, and the downlink data packets are, for example, IP packets.
  • the downlink data packet belongs to the first application, and the first application is, for example, an XR application, or other video applications or image applications.
  • S1001 For more content of S1001, reference may be made to S701 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the UPF determines to execute the TCP proxy function.
  • S1002 For more content of S1002, reference may be made to S702 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the UPF determines that the data packets of the TCP connection are transmitted between the UPF and the UE through at least two QoS streams. In other words, the UPF determines to transmit the data packets of the first application between the UPF and the UE through at least two QoS flows.
  • S1003 For more content of S1003, reference may be made to S703 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • a first connection is established between the UPF and the UE.
  • S1004 For more content of S1004, reference may be made to S704 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the UPF sends the first request to the access network device, and correspondingly, the access network device receives the first request.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the first subflow through the first QoS flow.
  • the data packets described in the various embodiments of the present application are, for example, IP packets.
  • the UPF transmits the data packets of the second sub-flow through the second QoS flow.
  • S1006 and S1007 For more content of S1006 and S1007, reference may be made to S705 and S706 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the access network device sends the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit, and accordingly, the UPF receives the second information of the data packet that fails to transmit.
  • the UPF sends fifth information to the UE, and accordingly, the UE receives the fifth information from the UPF.
  • the fifth information may indicate the sequence numbers of some or all of the data packets that the first communication device fails to transmit in the first QoS flow, or the fifth information is used to determine the sequence numbers of some or all of the data packets that fail to be transmitted in the first QoS flow .
  • the fifth information may indicate the sequence numbers of all data packets corresponding to frames corresponding to some or all of the data packets that fail to be sent by the first communication device in the first QoS flow, or the fifth information may be used to determine the first communication device The sequence numbers of all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to some or all of the failed data packets are sent in the first QoS flow.
  • the first communication device is, for example, a UPF.
  • the UE generates a second data packet according to the fifth information, and the sequence number of the second data packet is the same as the sequence number of the data packet indicated by the fifth information.
  • the sequence number of the data packet is, for example, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the data packet.
  • S1010 For more content of S1010, reference may be made to S808 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 .
  • S1001 to S1008 are optional steps.
  • the sender if there are data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow, part or all of these data packets can be discarded, which is equivalent to not replaying the discarded data packets. In this way, the number of retransmissions by the sender will not reach the maximum number of retransmissions, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the sender can continue to transmit data packets through the connection of the transport layer, without re-establishing the connection of the transport layer, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the data packets.
  • the sending end can indicate to the receiving end information such as the sequence number of the data packet that failed to transmit, and the receiving end can automatically generate a data packet with the same sequence number as the data packet that failed to be sent, so that the receiving end will consider it
  • the sequence numbers of the received data packets are continuous, so that the connection at the transport layer between the sender and the receiver can be maintained as much as possible.
  • the UPF performs the TCP proxy, and the server does not need to perceive the data transmission situation, but only needs to send data packets normally, which simplifies the implementation process of the server.
  • the UPF executes the TCP proxy, and the server does not need to perceive the data transmission situation, but only needs to send data packets normally, which simplifies the implementation process of the server.
  • Both the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 involve establishing a first connection.
  • An implementation manner of the first connection is an MPTCP connection.
  • the SMF determines to establish two QoS flows for the first application.
  • the SMF may determine to establish two QoS flows for the first application according to the type of the first application, or the SMF may also determine to establish two QoS flows for the first application according to other factors.
  • the SMF sends a first session modification request message (session modification request) to the UPF, and accordingly, the UPF receives the first session modification request message from the SMF.
  • the first session modification request message may carry information indicating that the MPTCP connection is established.
  • the UPF sends the seventh information to the SMF, and accordingly, the SMF receives the seventh information from the UPF.
  • the seventh information includes, for example, information for establishing an MPTCP connection, for example, the seventh information is carried in the first session modification response message (session modification response).
  • the seventh information includes two port numbers used by the MPTCP connection, and/or includes information that the UPF supports MPTCP proxy. These two ports are the ports on the UPF, which are used to transmit the MPTCP connection.
  • the UPF executes S703, that is, the UPF determines to transmit the first application between the UPF and the UE through at least two QoS flows. If the UPF does not execute S703, for example, the UPF determines to transmit the data packet of the first application between the UPF and the UE through a QoS flow, the UPF may not execute S1103.
  • the SMF sends the eighth information to the AMF, and accordingly, the AMF receives the eighth information from the SMF.
  • the eighth information includes the information for establishing the MPTCP connection described in S1103.
  • the AMF sends the ninth information to the UE, and accordingly, the UE receives the ninth information from the AMF.
  • the ninth information includes, for example, MPTCP connection related information.
  • the UE establishes an MPTCP connection with the UPF according to the information related to the MPTCP connection.
  • the UE may perform S1106. If the UE determines that the data packet of the first application is transmitted through one QoS flow, it does not need to perform S1106.
  • an MPTCP connection is established between the UE and the UPF.
  • this process of establishing an MPTCP connection is only an example, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to establishing an MPTCP connection in other ways.
  • each step in FIG. 11 is an optional step, and is represented by a solid line in FIG. 11 to facilitate understanding.
  • each embodiment of the present application takes the transmission of the data flow of the first application through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow as an example.
  • a device including one or more devices in an access network device, a UPF, a server, or a UE, which is subject to the description of the above embodiments
  • the remaining data packets of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet will be discarded.
  • the data flow of the first application can also be transmitted through one QoS flow.
  • the first data flow and the second data flow of the first application can be transmitted through one QoS flow. It is also unnecessary to establish a first connection in an embodiment.
  • the first application is an XR application.
  • a session eg, a protocol data unit (PDU) session
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • a corresponding QoS flow eg, a first QoS session
  • the network quality may be degraded. For example, if the network is congested, the access network device may start to discard some data packets transmitted by the first QoS stream.
  • the first QoS stream transmits P1 frames and/or P2 frames corresponding to the data package.
  • the server may not transmit data packets until the network is restored. For users, there may be a situation of stuttering, and the quality of the stuttering picture may not be very good due to the loss of some packets.
  • the server can resume transmission in time. Since the server renumbers the data packets that have not yet been sent, or the XR client constructs the second data packet by itself, the transport layer (such as the TCP layer) of the XR client will consider that there are no lost data packets and will continue to receive data.
  • one or a few frames after restoration may have bad effects, and may even find that the picture is discontinuous and there may be lost frames, but after that, the picture will return to normal, and the picture recovery is very fast. Fast, even if there are lost frames, it may not have a big impact, which can bring a better experience to the user.
  • the communication device includes, for example, a processing unit and a transceiver unit (or referred to as a communication unit).
  • the processing unit can be used to implement the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the UE according to any one of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 , or the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 Processing function, the transceiver unit can be used to implement the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , and the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the processing unit may be used to implement the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , and the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the processing function implemented by the network device described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 or any one of the embodiments shown in FIG. 11, the transceiver unit can be used to implement the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the embodiment shown in FIG. A network device according to any one of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the network device is, for example, a server or a UPF.
  • the network device is, for example, a server or a UPF.
  • the processing unit and/or the transceiving unit may be implemented by a virtual module, for example, the processing unit may be implemented by a software functional unit or a virtual device, and the transceiving unit may be implemented by a software functional unit or a virtual device.
  • the processing unit and/or the transceiver unit may also be implemented by a physical device (eg, a circuit system and/or a processor, etc.). The case where the processing unit and the transceiver unit are implemented by physical devices will be introduced below.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a terminal device (for convenience of description, referred to as UE), which can be used in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the terminal equipment includes the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , and the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 .
  • Corresponding means, units and/or circuits of the terminal device function described in the embodiment shown or any one of the embodiments shown in FIG. 11 .
  • a terminal device includes a transceiver module, which is used to support the terminal device to implement a transceiver function, and a processing module, which is used to support the terminal device to process signals.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 1200 can be applied to the architecture shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 12 only shows the main components of the terminal device 1200 .
  • the terminal device 1200 includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and an input and output device.
  • the processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire terminal device 1200, execute software programs, and process data of the software programs.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the control circuit is mainly used for the conversion of the baseband signal and the radio frequency signal and the processing of the radio frequency signal.
  • Antennas are mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, microphones, keyboards, etc., are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users.
  • the processor can read the software program in the storage unit, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the control circuit.
  • the control circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and sends the radio frequency signal through the antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the control circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, which converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data .
  • FIG. 12 only shows one memory and a processor.
  • terminal device 1200 may include multiple processors and memories.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit is mainly used to control the entire terminal device 1200.
  • the software program is executed, and the data of the software program is processed.
  • the processor in FIG. 12 integrates the functions of the baseband processor and the central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor and the central processing unit may also be independent processors, interconnected by technologies such as a bus.
  • the terminal device 1200 may include multiple baseband processors to adapt to different network standards, the terminal device 1200 may include multiple central processors to enhance its processing capability, and various components of the terminal device 1200 may be connected through various buses.
  • the baseband processor may also be expressed as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip.
  • the central processing unit can also be expressed as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip.
  • the function of processing the communication protocol and communication data may be built in the processor, or may be stored in the storage unit in the form of a software program, and the processor executes the software program to realize the baseband processing function.
  • the antenna and control circuit with a transceiving function can be regarded as the transceiving unit 1210 of the terminal device 1200
  • the processor having a processing function can be regarded as the processing unit 1220 of the terminal device 1200
  • the terminal device 1200 includes a transceiver unit 1210 and a processing unit 1220 .
  • the transceiving unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiving device, or the like.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 1210 may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device for implementing the transmitting function in the transceiver unit 1210 may be regarded as a transmitting unit, that is, the transceiver unit 1210 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit.
  • the receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiver, a receiving circuit, and the like
  • the transmitting unit may be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, or the like.
  • the apparatus 1300 may be a network device, or a circuit system (eg, a chip system) provided in the network device.
  • the network device may be used in the various embodiments described above.
  • the network equipment includes devices used to implement the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , and the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 .
  • Means, units and/or circuits described in the embodiment shown or any of the embodiments shown in FIG. 11 eg, functions of a network device.
  • the network device includes a transceiver module to support the network device to implement a transceiver function, and a processing module to support the network device to process signals.
  • the network device is, for example, the server or UPF in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the apparatus 1300 includes at least one processor 1301 , communication lines 1302 , and at least one communication interface 1304 . As an optional implementation manner, the apparatus 1300 may further include a memory 1303 . Because the memory 1303 is not an essential function module but an optional function module, it is represented by a dotted box in FIG. 13 .
  • the processor 1301 may include a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the programs of the present application. circuit.
  • CPU general-purpose central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • Communication line 1302 may include a path to communicate information between the components described above.
  • RAN radio access networks
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • Wired access network etc.
  • Memory 1303 may be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), or other types of information and instructions It can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, CD-ROM storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and capable of being executed by a computer Access any other medium without limitation.
  • the memory 1303 can exist independently and is connected to the processor 1301 through the communication line 1302 . Alternatively, the memory 1303 can also be integrated with the processor 1301 .
  • the memory 1303 is used for storing computer-executed instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 1301 .
  • the processor 1301 is configured to execute the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory 1303, thereby implementing the communication method provided by the above embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-executed instructions in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 1301 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 13 .
  • the apparatus 1300 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 1301 and the processor 1308 in FIG. 13 .
  • processors can be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor.
  • a processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).
  • the chip shown in FIG. 13 is a chip, it is, for example, a chip of a policy control function network element, or a chip of a session management function network element, or a chip of a mobility management function network element, or a chip of an access network element, or A chip of a terminal device, the chip includes a processor 1301 (may also include a processor 1308 ), a communication line 1302 , a memory 1303 and a communication interface 1304 .
  • the communication interface 1304 may be an input interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like.
  • the memory 1303 may be a register, a cache, or the like.
  • the processor 1301 and the processor 1308 may be a general-purpose CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits for controlling program execution of the communication method of any of the above embodiments.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated.
  • the components shown may or may not be physical units, ie may be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the computer-readable medium may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), Erasable programmable read only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (electrically erasable programmable read only memory, EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (compact disc read-only memory, CD- ROM), universal serial bus flash disk, removable hard disk, or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage medium, or other magnetic storage device, or capable of carrying or storing desired data in the form of instructions or data structures program code and any other medium that can be accessed by a computer.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • PROM programmable read-only memory
  • EPROM Erasable programmable read only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory
  • compact disc read-only memory compact disc read-only memory
  • CD- ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • universal serial bus flash disk removable hard disk,
  • RAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • double data rate SDRAM double data rate SDRAM
  • DDR SDRAM double data rate SDRAM
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM synchronous link dynamic random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • Embodiment 1 A communication method, comprising:
  • Embodiment 2 The method of Embodiment 1, further comprising:
  • the remaining data packets corresponding to the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit are discarded, and the remaining data packets are data packets except the data packet that fails to transmit among all the data packets corresponding to the frame.
  • Embodiment 3 According to the method according to Embodiment 1 or 2, the data of the first application is transmitted through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow, and the importance of the data packets transmitted by the first QoS flow is lower than that of the first QoS flow. Describe the importance of the data packets transmitted by the second QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 4 The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the first information includes one or more of the following information: a frame number of a frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, and the transmission fails The type of the frame corresponding to the data packet, the position of the data packet that fails to transmit in the frame, the number of data packets that fail to transmit, or, the serial number of the TCP layer of the transmission control protocol of the M data packets or the Internet Protocol The sequence number of the IP layer; wherein, the M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • the first information includes one or more of the following information: a frame number of a frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, and the transmission fails The type of the frame corresponding to the data packet, the position of the data packet that fails to transmit in the frame, the number of data packets that fail to transmit, or, the serial number of the TCP layer of the
  • Embodiment 5 According to the method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, determining the first information of the data packet that fails to transmit in the first QoS flow, including:
  • Receive second information of data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow and determine the first information according to the second information.
  • Embodiment 6 The method according to Embodiment 5, wherein the second information includes one or more of the following information: the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the data packet corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit The type of the frame, the position of the data packet that fails to transmit in the frame, the number of the data packet that fails to transmit, or, the sequence number of the general packet radio service tunneling protocol GTP packet header corresponding to the M data packets; wherein, The M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • Embodiment 7 The method according to Embodiment 6, wherein the second information includes the sequence numbers of the GTP headers corresponding to the M data packets, then, the first information is determined according to the second information, including:
  • Embodiment 8 The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 7, further comprising:
  • the N data packets belong to the data packets that fail to transmit, and the N data packets are partial data packets corresponding to one frame of image of the first application.
  • Embodiment 9 The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, further comprising:
  • the unsent data packet is sent.
  • Embodiment 10 According to the method of Embodiment 9, determining that the network is back to normal, comprising:
  • Sixth information is received, where the sixth information is used to instruct the network to return to normal, or to instruct to send a data packet.
  • Embodiment 11 The method of Embodiment 9, further comprising:
  • the timing duration of the first timer is determined according to the data sending situation of the first QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 12 The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 11, further comprising:
  • fourth information is used to indicate the cause of the transmission failure, or determine the cause of the transmission failure according to the data transmission situation of the first QoS flow;
  • Embodiment 13 The method according to Embodiment 12, the reasons for the transmission failure include one or more of the following: network congestion, insufficient network resources, or discarding low-priority data packets.
  • Embodiment 14 The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 13, further comprising:
  • Embodiment 15 The method of any one of Embodiments 1-14, further comprising:
  • the first connection including at least two sub-flows, the at least two sub-flows being transmitted on at least two QoS flows, the at least two QoS flows including the first QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 16 A communication method, comprising:
  • Embodiment 17 The method of Embodiment 16, wherein the data of the first application is transmitted through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow, and the quality of service of the first QoS flow is lower than that of the second QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 18 The method of 16 or 17, further comprising:
  • the first information is sent to an application server, where the application server corresponds to the first application.
  • Embodiment 19 The method according to 18, wherein the second information includes one or more of the following information: the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit Type, the position in the frame of the data packet that failed to transmit, the number of the data packet that failed to transmit, or, the sequence number of the General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP header corresponding to the M data packets; wherein, the The M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • Embodiment 20 The method according to Embodiment 19, wherein the second information includes the sequence numbers of the GTP headers corresponding to the M data packets, then, determining the first information according to the second information includes:
  • the sequence number of the GTP packet header is mapped to the sequence number of the transmission control protocol TCP layer or the sequence number of the Internet protocol IP layer to obtain the first information, and the first information includes the sequence number of the TCP layer of the M data packets or The serial number of the IP layer.
  • Embodiment 21 The method according to any one of Embodiments 18 to 20, wherein the first information includes one or more of the following information: a frame number of a frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, and the transmission fails The type of the frame corresponding to the data packet, the position of the data packet of the transmission failure in the frame, the number of the data packet of the transmission failure, or, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the M data packets; Wherein, the M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • the first information includes one or more of the following information: a frame number of a frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, and the transmission fails The type of the frame corresponding to the data packet, the position of the data packet of the transmission failure in the frame, the number of the data packet of the transmission failure, or, the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the
  • Embodiment 22 A communication method, comprising:
  • a second data packet is generated according to the fifth information, and the sequence number of the second data packet is the same as the sequence number of the data packet that fails to be sent.
  • Embodiment 23 The method of Embodiment 22, wherein the data of the first application is transmitted through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow, and the quality of service of the first QoS flow is lower than that of the second QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 24 The method according to Embodiment 22 or 23, receiving fifth information, comprising:
  • the fifth information is received from the first communication device via a second QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 25 A communication device, comprising:
  • a processing unit configured to determine the first information of the data packet that fails to be transmitted in the first quality of service QoS flow
  • the processing unit is further configured to discard some or all of the data packets that fail to transmit, and reset the sequence numbers for the data packets that have not been sent, so that the sequence numbers of the data packets that have not been sent and the data packets that have been successfully sent are continuous. .
  • Embodiment 26 The communication device according to Embodiment 25, wherein the processing unit is further configured to discard remaining data packets corresponding to the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, where the remaining data packets correspond to the frame. All the data packets except the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • Embodiment 27 The communication device according to Embodiment 25 or 26, the data of the first application is transmitted through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow, and the importance of the data packets transmitted by the first QoS flow is lower than that of the first QoS flow. The importance of the data packets transmitted by the second QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 28 The communication device according to any one of Embodiments 25 to 27, wherein the first information includes one or more of the following information: a frame number of a frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the transmission The type of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet, the position of the failed data packet in the frame, the number of the failed data packet, or, the serial number of the TCP layer of the transmission control protocol of the M data packets or the Internet The sequence number of the IP layer of the protocol; wherein, the M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • Embodiment 29 The communication device according to any one of Embodiments 25 to 28, the communication device further comprising a receiving unit; the processing unit is configured to determine the data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow in the following manner: First information:
  • the receiving unit receives the second information of the data packets that fail to be transmitted in the first QoS flow, and determines the first information according to the second information.
  • Embodiment 30 The communication device according to Embodiment 29, wherein the second information includes one or more of the following information: the frame number of the frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the data packet corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit The type of the frame, the position of the data packet that fails to transmit in the frame, the number of the data packet that fails to transmit, or, the sequence number of the General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP header corresponding to the M data packets; wherein , the M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • Embodiment 31 The communication device according to Embodiment 30, wherein the second information includes the sequence numbers of the GTP headers corresponding to the M data packets, then, the processing unit is configured to use the following methods according to the second information Determine the first information: map the sequence number of the GTP header to the sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer to obtain the first information, where the first information includes the M data packets The sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer.
  • Embodiment 32 The communication device according to any one of Embodiments 25 to 31, further comprising a sending unit configured to retransmit N data packets through the second QoS flow (or, the processing unit, further for retransmitting N data packets through the second QoS flow through the sending unit), the N data packets belong to the data packets that fail to transmit, and the N data packets are one frame of image of the first application Corresponding part of the data package.
  • Embodiment 33 The communication apparatus according to any one of Embodiments 25 to 32, the communication apparatus further comprising a sending unit;
  • the sending unit is configured to send the data packet that has not been sent when it is determined that the network is back to normal (or, the processing unit is also configured to send the data packet that has not been sent by the sending unit when it is determined that the network is back to normal. packets); or,
  • the sending unit is configured to send the unsent data packet when the first timer times out (or, the processing unit is further configured to send the data packet through the sending unit when the first timer times out packets not yet sent).
  • Embodiment 34 The communication device according to Embodiment 33, further comprising a receiving unit, and the processing unit is configured to determine that the network is back to normal in the following manner:
  • Sixth information is received by the receiving unit, where the sixth information is used to instruct the network to return to normal, or to instruct to send a data packet.
  • Embodiment 35 The communication device of Embodiment 33, further comprising a receiving unit;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive third information (or, the processing unit is further configured to receive third information through the receiving unit), where the third information is used to indicate the timing duration of the first timer ;or,
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine the timing duration of the first timer according to the data transmission situation of the first QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 36 The communication device according to any one of Embodiments 25 to 35, further comprising a receiving unit;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive fourth information (or, the processing unit is further configured to receive fourth information through the receiving unit), where the fourth information is used to indicate the reason for the transmission failure; or, the a processing unit, further configured to determine the cause of the transmission failure according to the data transmission situation of the first QoS flow;
  • the processing unit is further configured to, according to the reason for the transmission failure, determine to discard some or all of the data packets whose transmission fails.
  • Embodiment 37 The communication device according to Embodiment 36, the reasons for the transmission failure include one or more of the following: network congestion, insufficient network resources, or discarding low-priority data packets.
  • Embodiment 38 The communication apparatus according to any one of Embodiments 25 to 37, the communication apparatus further comprising a sending unit configured to send a first request to the access network device (or, the processing unit, further is used to send a first request to the access network device through the sending unit), the first request is used to request to obtain the transmission information of the first QoS flow, and the transmission information of the first QoS flow is used for Indicates that the transmission of the data packets in the first QoS flow fails, or indicates that the transmission of the data packets in the first QoS flow fails.
  • a sending unit configured to send a first request to the access network device (or, the processing unit, further is used to send a first request to the access network device through the sending unit)
  • the first request is used to request to obtain the transmission information of the first QoS flow
  • the transmission information of the first QoS flow is used for Indicates that the transmission of the data packets in the first QoS flow fails, or indicates that the transmission of the data packets in the
  • Embodiment 39 The communication device according to any one of Embodiments 25 to 38, wherein the processing unit is further configured to:
  • the first connection including at least two sub-flows, the at least two sub-flows being transmitted on at least two QoS flows, the at least two QoS flows including the first QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 40 A communication device, comprising:
  • a sending unit configured to send a first request to the access network device (or, a processing unit, configured to send the first request to the access network device through the sending unit), where the first request is used to request subscription to the first quality of service QoS
  • the transmission information of the flow the transmission information of the first QoS flow is used to indicate that the transmission of the first QoS flow fails, or to indicate the transmission failure of the data packets in the first QoS flow.
  • Embodiment 41 The communication apparatus of Embodiment 40, the data of the first application is transmitted through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow, and the quality of service of the first QoS flow is lower than that of the second QoS flow .
  • Embodiment 42 The communication device according to 40 or 41, further comprising a receiving unit;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive, from the access network device, the second information of the data packets that fail to be transmitted in the first QoS flow (or, the processing unit is further configured to receive, through the receiving unit, from the The access network device receives the second information of the data packets that fail to transmit in the first QoS flow);
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine, according to the second information, the first information of the data packets that fail to be transmitted in the first QoS flow;
  • the sending unit is further configured to send the first information to an application server (or, the processing unit is further configured to send the first information to the application server through the sending unit), and the application server communicates with the application server.
  • the first application corresponds to.
  • Embodiment 43 The communication device according to 42, wherein the second information includes one or more of the following information: a frame number of a frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, a frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit type, the position of the data packet of the transmission failure in the frame, the number of the data packet of the transmission failure, or, the sequence number of the General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP packet header corresponding to the M data packets;
  • the M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • Embodiment 44 The communication device according to Embodiment 43, wherein the second information includes the sequence numbers of the GTP headers corresponding to the M data packets, then, the processing unit is configured to use the following method according to the second information Determine the first information: map the sequence number of the GTP packet header to the sequence number of the TCP layer of the transmission control protocol or the sequence number of the IP layer of the Internet protocol to obtain the first information, where the first information includes the M pieces of data The sequence number of the TCP layer or the sequence number of the IP layer of the packet.
  • Embodiment 45 The communication device according to any one of Embodiments 41 to 44, wherein the first information includes one or more of the following information: a frame number of a frame corresponding to the data packet that fails to transmit, the transmission The type of the frame corresponding to the failed data packet, the position of the failed data packet in the frame, the number of the failed data packet, or, the serial number of the TCP layer or the serial number of the IP layer of the M data packets ; wherein, the M data packets are the data packets that fail to transmit, or are all the data packets corresponding to the frames corresponding to the data packets that fail to transmit.
  • Embodiment 46 A communication device, comprising:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive fifth information from the first communication device (or, a processing unit, configured to receive fifth information from the first communication device through the receiving unit), where the fifth information is used to instruct the first communication device sending the failed data packet in the first quality of service QoS flow;
  • a processing unit configured to generate a second data packet according to the fifth information, where the sequence number of the second data packet is the same as the sequence number of the data packet that fails to be sent.
  • Embodiment 47 The communication device of Embodiment 46, the data of the first application is transmitted through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow, the quality of service of the first QoS flow is lower than that of the second QoS flow .
  • Embodiment 48 The communication device of Embodiment 46 or 47, wherein the receiving unit is configured to receive fifth information by receiving the fifth information from the first communication device through a second QoS flow (or , the processing unit, configured to receive the fifth information through the receiving unit in the following manner: through the receiving unit, receive the fifth information from the first communication device through the second QoS flow).
  • Embodiment 49 An apparatus comprising means for performing the method described in any of the embodiments of this application.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

一种通信方法及设备。确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；丢弃传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，并为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包的序号连续。如果在第一QoS流中有传输失败的数据包，则可将这些数据包中的部分或全部丢弃，相当于不对被丢弃的数据包进行重传，这样发送端的重传次数也不会达到最大重传次数，从而能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。且由于丢弃了一些数据包，则发送端可以对尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包之间的序号连续，这样也能尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。

Description

一种通信方法及设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年04月09日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202110382419.8、申请名称为“一种信息发送方法、终端及网络设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中；本申请要求在2021年06月11日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202110652968.2、申请名称为“一种通信方法及设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及设备。
背景技术
扩展现实(extended reality，XR)是指通过计算机技术和可穿戴设备产生的一个真实与虚拟组合、可人机交互的环境，是增强现实(augmented reality，AR)、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)、混合现实(mixed reality，MR)等多种形式的统称。XR通过视觉交互技术融合，可实现虚拟世界与现实世界之间无缝转换的“沉浸感”体验。
XR业务通常是通过“帧”的形式在网络设备和终端设备间传输的，每帧代表一幅静止的图像，一帧可通过多个网际协议(internet protocol，IP)包传输。在传输过程中，如果遇到网络故障等问题，则可能会接收端收不到IP包的情况。接收端如果收到了IP包，则可以向发送端发送肯定应答(ACK)，如果未收到来自接收端的ACK，发送端就会重传相应的IP包。在发送端的重传次数达到最大重传次数的情况下，如果发送端仍然未收到来自接收端的ACK，则会断开与接收端之间的传输层连接，例如传输控制协议(transmission control protocol，TCP)连接，此时收发双方的连接断开。如需恢复传输，则需要重新建立传输层连接，例如TCP连接，过程较为复杂。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及设备，用于减小收发双方的传输层连接断开的概率，提高数据传输效率。
第一方面，提供第一种通信方法，该方法可由终端设备执行，或由包括终端设备的更大设备执行，或由芯片系统或其他功能模块执行，该芯片系统或功能模块能够实现终端设备的功能。或者，该方法也可由网络设备执行，或由芯片系统或其他功能模块执行，该芯片系统或功能模块能够实现网络设备的功能。示例性地，所述网络设备为核心网设备，例如UPF。或者，示例性地，所述网络设备为服务器，例如应用服务器，或连接在应用服务器与核心网之间的中间服务器。该方法包括：确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，并为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得所述尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包的序号连续。
在本申请实施例中，对于发送端来说，如果在第一QoS流中有传输失败的数据包，则 可以将这些数据包中的部分或全部丢弃，相当于不对被丢弃的数据包进行重传，这样发送端的重传次数也不会达到最大重传次数，从而能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。在网络恢复时能够继续通过该传输层的连接传输数据包，无需重新建立传输层的连接，能够提高数据包的传输效率。另外对于接收端来说，如果接收的数据包的序号不连续，则接收端会一直等待接收未接收的数据包，如果等待达到一定的时长，则收发双方的传输层的连接也可能断开。因此本申请实施例中，由于丢弃了一些数据包，则发送端可以对尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包之间的序号连续。对于接收端来说，由于接收的是序号连续的数据包，则接收端可以持续接收，而不会等待被丢弃的数据包，这样也能尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可选的实施方式中，所述方法还包括：丢弃所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的剩余数据包，所述剩余数据包为所述帧对应的全部数据包中除了所述传输失败的数据包外的数据包。以XR应用为例，XR业务有个特点，如果一帧对应的数据包中有一个数据包传输失败，对于接收端来说可能对于整个帧的解析都会失败，也就是说，这一帧里剩余的数据包即使传输，意义也不大，且浪费传输资源。因此本申请实施例中，如果传输失败的数据包对应某个帧，且该帧的部分数据包属于传输失败的数据包，而该帧剩余的数据包还未传输(例如，该帧对应的数据包中还没有传输成功的数据包且还有尚未传输的数据包)，那么可以丢弃该帧剩余的数据包，无需继续传输，从而减轻数据传输负担，且节省传输资源。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可选的实施方式，在第一方面的第二种可选的实施方式中，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流传输的数据包的重要程度低于所述第二QoS流传输的数据包的重要程度。在本申请实施例中，第二QoS流传输的数据包较为重要，因此可尽量保证第二QoS流的传输成功率。对于第一QoS流传输的数据包，由于重要程度较低，因此在网络出问题时，可丢弃第一QoS流中传输的相应数据包，以减轻网络的拥塞等问题。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可选的实施方式或第一方面的第二种可选的实施方式，在第一方面的第三种可选的实施方式中，所述第一信息包括(或，指示)以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。第一信息可指示传输失败的数据包的信息，例如指示M个数据包的序号，和/或指示传输失败的数据包的个数等。第一信息也可指示传输失败的数据包对应的帧的信息，例如指示传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号、传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型、传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置中的一项或多项。第一信息指示的内容较为灵活。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可选的实施方式至第一方面的第三种可选的实施方式中的任一种可选的实施方式，在第一方面的第四种可选的实施方式中，确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息，包括：接收所述第一信息；或，根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况，确定所述第一信息；或，接收在所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第二信息，并根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息。例如该方法由服务器执行，那么第一 信息例如为UPF发送给服务器的。又例如，该方法由UE执行，则UE就是数据包的发送端，则UE根据第一QoS流的数据发送情况就能相应确定第一信息。第一QoS流的数据发送情况例如包括第一QoS流上的数据包丢弃情况等。再例如，该方法由UPF执行，则UPF可以从接入网设备接收第二信息，从而根据第二信息确定第一信息。
结合第一方面的第四种可选的实施方式，在第一方面的第五种可选的实施方式中，所述第二信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。第二信息也可指示传输失败的数据包对应的帧的信息，例如指示传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号、传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型、传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置中的一项或多项。第二信息指示的内容较为灵活。
结合第一方面的第五种可选的实施方式，在第一方面的第六种可选的实施方式中，所述第二信息包括所述M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，则，根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息，包括：将所述GTP包头的序号映射为所述TCP层的序号或所述IP层的序号，以得到所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。例如，该方法由UPF执行，例如接入网设备可向UPF发送第二信息。而接入网设备所发送的第二信息指示的是M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，无法指示M个数据包对应的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。那么UPF可将GTP包头的序号映射为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可选的实施方式至第一方面的第六种可选的实施方式中的任一种可选的实施方式，在第一方面的第七种可选的实施方式中，所述方法还包括：通过第二QoS流重传N个数据包，所述N个数据包属于所述传输失败的数据包，且所述N个数据包是第一应用的一帧图像对应的部分数据包。例如，在传输失败的数据包中包括N个数据包，N个数据包是第一应用的一帧图像对应的部分数据包，而该帧图像对应的剩余数据包已传输成功。那么，为了尽量保证该帧图像的输出质量，服务器可将N个数据包重传给UE。为了提高N个数据包的重传成功率，服务器可通过第二QoS流来重传这N个数据包，或者说，服务器通过第二TCP连接重传这N个数据包。UPF接收这N个数据包后，再通过第二QoS流向UE重传这N个数据包，N为正整数。传输失败的数据包所包括的除了这N个数据包外的其他数据包，服务器可以全部丢弃。通过这种方式，既可以缓解网络的拥塞等情况，又能尽可能保证更多帧的输出质量。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可选的实施方式至第一方面的第七种可选的实施方式中的任一种可选的实施方式，在第一方面的第八种可选的实施方式中，所述方法还包括：在确定网络恢复正常时，发送所述尚未发送的数据包；或，在第一定时器超时时，发送所述尚未发送的数据包。如果确定网络恢复正常，则可以恢复传输，继续发送尚未发送的数据包。或者，如果所维护的第一定时器超时，则也可恢复传输，继续发送尚未发送的数据包。尚未发送的数据包已进行了重新编号，因此尚未发送的数据包与接收端接收成功的数据包的序号(TCP层的序号或IP层的序号)之间是连续的，则接收端不会等待传输失败的数据包，由此减小了发送端与接收端之间的连接断开的概率。
第二方面，提供第二种通信方法，该方法可由网络设备执行，或由芯片系统或其他功 能模块执行，该芯片系统或功能模块能够实现网络设备的功能。示例性地，所述网络设备为核心网设备，例如UPF。该方法包括：向接入网设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求订阅第一QoS流的传输信息，所述第一QoS流的传输信息用于指示所述第一QoS流传输失败，或指示所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可选的实施方式中，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流的服务质量低于所述第二QoS流。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可选的实施方式，在第二方面的第二种可选的实施方式中，所述方法还包括：从所述接入网设备接收所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第二信息；根据所述第二信息确定所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；向应用服务器发送所述第一信息，所述应用服务器与所述第一应用对应。
结合第二方面的第二种可选的实施方式，在第二方面的第三种可选的实施方式中，所述第二信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
结合第二方面的第三种可选的实施方式，在第二方面的第四种可选的实施方式中，所述第二信息包括所述M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，则，根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息，包括：将所述GTP包头的序号映射为所述TCP层的序号或所述IP层的序号，以得到所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
结合第二方面的第二种可选的实施方式或第二方面的第三种可选的实施方式或第二方面的第四种可选的实施方式，在第二方面的第五种可选的实施方式中，所述第一信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
关于第二方面或第二方面的各种可选的实施方式所带来的技术效果，可参考对于第一方面或相应的实施方式的技术效果的介绍。
第三方面，提供第三种通信方法，该方法可由终端设备执行，或由包括终端设备的更大设备执行，或由芯片系统或其他功能模块执行，该芯片系统或功能模块能够实现终端设备的功能。或者，该方法也可由网络设备执行，或由芯片系统或其他功能模块执行，该芯片系统或功能模块能够实现网络设备的功能。示例性地，所述网络设备为核心网设备，例如UPF。或者，示例性地，所述网络设备为服务器，例如应用服务器，或连接在应用服务器与核心网之间的中间服务器。该方法包括：从第一通信装置接收第五信息，所述第五信息用于指示所述第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的数据包；根据所述第五信息生成第二数据包，所述第二数据包的序号与所述发送失败的数据包的序号相同。
在本申请实施例中，对于发送端来说，如果在第一QoS流中有传输失败的数据包，则可以将这些数据包中的部分或全部丢弃，相当于不对被丢弃的数据包进行重传，这样发送端的重传次数也不会达到最大重传次数，从而能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。在网络恢复时发送端能够继续通过该传输层的连接传输数据包，无需重新建立传输层的连接，能够提高数据包的传输效率。另外对于接收端来说，如果接收的数据 包的序号不连续，则接收端会一直等待接收未接收的数据包，如果等待达到一定的时长，则收发双方的传输层的连接也可能断开。因此本申请实施例中，发送端可向接收端指示发送失败的数据包的序号等信息，接收端可据此自行生成序号与发送失败的数据包的序号相同的数据包，从而接收端会认为所接收的数据包的序号是连续的，这样也能尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第一种可选的实施方式中，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流的服务质量低于所述第二QoS流。在本申请实施例中，第二QoS流传输的数据包较为重要，因此可尽量保证第二QoS流的传输成功率。对于第一QoS流传输的数据包，由于重要程度较低，因此在网络出问题时，可丢弃第一QoS流中传输的相应数据包，以减轻网络的拥塞等问题。
结合第三方面或第三方面的第一种可选的实施方式，在第三方面的第二种可选的实施方式中，接收第五信息，包括：通过第二QoS流从所述第一通信装置接收所述第五信息。由于此时第一QoS流可能无法正常传输，因此可选的，可通过第二QoS流发送第五信息，以提高第五信息的发送成功率。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置。所述通信装置可以为上述第一至第三方面中的任意一方面所述的终端设备。所述通信装置具备上述终端设备的功能。所述通信装置例如为终端设备，或为终端设备中的功能模块，例如基带装置或芯片系统等。或者，所述通信装置具备上述网络设备的功能。所述通信装置例如为网络设备，或为网络设备中的功能模块，例如基带装置或芯片系统等。示例性地，所述网络设备为核心网设备，例如UPF。或者，示例性地，所述网络设备为服务器，例如应用服务器，或连接在应用服务器与核心网之间的中间服务器。一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括基带装置和射频装置。另一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括处理单元(有时也称为处理模块)和收发单元(有时也称为收发模块)。收发单元能够实现发送功能和接收功能，在收发单元实现发送功能时，可称为发送单元(有时也称为发送模块)，在收发单元实现接收功能时，可称为接收单元(有时也称为接收模块)。发送单元和接收单元可以是同一个功能模块，该功能模块称为收发单元，该功能模块能实现发送功能和接收功能；或者，发送单元和接收单元可以是不同的功能模块，收发单元是对这些功能模块的统称。
例如，所述处理单元，用于确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；所述处理单元，还用于丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，并为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得所述尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包的序号连续。
又例如，所述收发单元(或，所述发送单元)，用于向接入网设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求订阅第一QoS流的传输信息，所述第一QoS流的传输信息用于指示所述第一QoS流传输失败，或指示所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包。
再例如，所述收发单元(或，所述接收单元)，用于从第一通信装置接收第五信息，所述第五信息用于指示所述第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的数据包；所述处理单元，用于根据所述第五信息生成第二数据包，所述第二数据包的序号与所述发送失败的数据包的序号相同。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置还包括存储单元，所述处理单元用于与所述存储单元耦合，并执行所述存储单元中的程序或指令，使能所述通信装置执行上述第一至第三方面中的任意一方面所述的终端设备或网络设备的功能。
第五方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质用于存储计算机程序或指令，当其被运行时，使得上述各方面中终端设备或网络设备所执行的方法被实现。
第六方面，提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得上述各方面所述的方法被实现。
附图说明
图1为P帧与I帧之间的关系示意图；
图2为本申请实施例的一种应用场景示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的第一种通信方法的流程图；
图4为本申请实施例中服务器将第一应用的业务分为两个数据流传输的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中服务器为尚未发送的数据包设置序号的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的第二种通信方法的流程图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的第三种通信方法的流程图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的第四种通信方法的流程图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的第五种通信方法的流程图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的第六种通信方法的流程图；
图11为本申请实施例中建立MPTCP连接的流程图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的终端设备的一种示意性框图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的一种示意性框图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步地详细描述。
以下，对本申请实施例中的部分用语或概念进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
本申请实施例中，终端设备是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以是固定设备，移动设备、手持设备(例如手机)、穿戴设备、车载设备，或内置于上述设备中的无线装置(例如，通信模块，调制解调器，或芯片系统等)。所述终端设备用于连接人，物，机器等，可广泛用于各种场景，例如包括但不限于以下场景：蜂窝通信、设备到设备通信(device-to-device，D2D)、车到一切(vehicle to everything，V2X)、机器到机器/机器类通信(machine-to-machine/machine-type communications，M2M/MTC)、物联网(internet of things，IoT)、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)、工业控制(industrial control)、无人驾驶(self driving)、远程医疗(remote medical)、智能电网(smart grid)、智能家具、智能办公、智能穿戴、智能交通，智慧城市(smart city)、无人机、机器人等场景的终端设备。所述终端设备有时可称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、终端、接入站、UE站、远方站、无线通信设备、或用户装置等等。为描述方便，本申请实施例中将终端设备以UE为例进行说明。
本申请实施例中的网络设备，例如包括接入网设备，和/或核心网设备。所述接入网设备为具有无线收发功能的设备，用于与所述终端设备进行通信。所述接入网设备包括但不 限于上述通信系统中的基站(BTS，Node B,eNodeB/eNB，或gNodeB/gNB)、收发点(transmission reception point，TRP)，第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)后续演进的基站，无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)系统中的接入节点，无线中继节点，无线回传节点等。所述基站可以是：宏基站，微基站，微微基站，小站，中继站等。多个基站可以支持上述提及的同一种接入技术的网络，也可以支持上述提及的不同接入技术的网络。基站可以包含一个或多个共站或非共站的传输接收点。网络设备还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、集中单元(centralized unit，CU)，和/或分布单元(distributed unit，DU)。网络设备还可以是服务器，可穿戴设备，或车载设备等。例如，车到一切(vehicle to everything，V2X)技术中的网络设备可以为路侧单元(road side unit，RSU)。以下对接入网设备以为基站为例进行说明。基站可以与终端设备进行通信，也可以通过中继站与终端设备进行通信。终端设备可以与不同接入技术中的多个基站进行通信。所述核心网设备用于实现移动管理，数据处理，会话管理，策略和计费等功能。不同接入技术的系统中实现核心网功能的设备名称可以不同，本申请实施例并不对此进行限定。以5G系统为例，所述核心网设备包括：访问和移动管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)或用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)等。以4G系统为例，所述核心网设备包括：移动管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)、服务网关(serving gateway，SGW)、策略与计费规则功能(policy and charging rules function，PCRF)或公共数据网网关(public data network gateway，PGW)等。
本申请实施例中，用于实现网络设备功能的通信装置可以是网络设备，也可以是能够支持网络设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统，该装置可以被安装在网络设备中。在本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，以用于实现网络设备的功能的装置是网络设备为例，描述本申请实施例提供的技术方案。
XR是指通过计算机技术和可穿戴设备产生的一个真实与虚拟组合、可人机交互的环境，是AR、VR、MR等多种形式的统称。XR通过视觉交互技术融合，可实现虚拟世界与现实世界之间无缝转换的“沉浸感”体验。XR业务通常是通过“帧”的形式在网络和终端设备间进行发送的，每帧代表一幅静止的图像。而在实际压缩时，会采取各种算法减少数据的容量。例如，I帧表示关键帧，可以理解为这一帧画面的完整保留，解码时只需要本帧数据就可以完成(因为包含完整画面)；P帧表示的是这一帧跟之前的一个关键帧(例如I帧)的差别，解码时需要用之前缓存的画面叠加上本帧定义的差别，生成最终画面。实际传输过程中，每个帧的大小和画面的大小和质量(例如，1080P，720P等)有关，通常每个帧需要通过多个互联网协议(Internet protocol，IP)包进行传输，例如，I帧需要通过100个IP包传输，P帧通过40个IP包传输。
相对而言，I帧的重要性比P帧的重要性高，因为当部分P帧传输失败时，通常仅影响该P帧的显示，用户的体验是短暂的卡顿；但是，如果I帧传输失败，会使后续的P帧都无法解析，用户的体验是较长时间的卡顿。以图1为例，P0是对I帧有较大修改的P帧，P1是在I帧或P0帧的基础上进行较小修改的帧，P2是对前一帧(I帧，P0帧或P1帧)有较小修改的P帧。若P1帧或P2帧丢失，则仅影响本帧的显示，影响较小，而如果I帧或P0帧丢失，则会影响后面几帧的显示，影响较大。
本申请实施例中，对于名词的数目，除非特别说明，表示“单数名词或复数名词”，即"一个或多个”。“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。例如，A/B，表示：A或B。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个)，表示：a,b,c,a和b,a和c,b和c,或a和b和c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
本申请实施例提及“第一”、“第二”等序数词是用于对多个对象进行区分，不用于限定多个对象的大小、内容、顺序、时序、优先级或者重要程度等。例如，第一信息和第二信息，可以是同一个信息，也可以是不同的信息，且，这种名称也并不是表示这两个信息的内容、优先级或者重要程度等的不同。另外，本申请所介绍的各个实施例中对于步骤的编号，只是为了区分不同的步骤，并不用于限定步骤之间的先后顺序。例如，步骤S301可以发生在步骤S302之前，或者可能发生在S302之后，或者也可能与S302同时发生。
可参考图2，为本申请实施例的一种应用场景示意图。在图2中，UE能够通过接入网设备以及核心网设备与服务器通信，该服务器例如为应用服务器，或者，该服务器例如为中间服务器。应用服务器与应用对应。应用服务器与应用对应，例如理解为，应用服务器可提供该应用的数据。例如XR应用对应的应用服务器就能提供XR应用的数据。在图2中，核心网设备可直接连接应用服务器。或者，在核心网设备与应用服务器之间还可连接有其他的中间服务器，中间服务器也可以作为所述服务器。中间服务器例如包括内容分发网络(content delivery network，CDN)服务器或多媒体资源处理器(multimedia resource function processor，MRFP)等。
图2中的接入网设备在不同的系统对应不同的设备，例如在4G系统中可以对应eNB，在5G系统中对应5G中的接入网设备，例如gNB。图2中的核心网设备在不同的系统也对应不同的设备，例如在4G系统中可以对应PGW，在5G系统中可以对应UPF。当然本申请实施例所提供的技术方案也可以应用于未来的移动通信系统中，因此图2中的接入网设备也可以对应未来的移动通信系统中的接入网设备，以及核心网设备也可以对应未来通信系统中的核心网设备。本申请实施例以接入网设备是基站为例，实际上参考前文的介绍，接入网设备还可以是RSU等设备。
下面结合附图介绍本申请实施例所提供的方法。在本申请的各个实施例对应的附图中，凡是可选的步骤均用虚线表示。本申请的各个实施例所述的技术方案均能够应用于图2所示的网络架构。例如，本申请的各个实施例所述的UE例如为图2所示的网络架构中的UE；本申请的各个实施例所述的服务器例如为图2所示的网络架构中的应用服务器，或者例如为连接在核心网设备与应用服务器之间的中间服务器；本申请的各个实施例所述的UPF例如为图2所示的网络架构中的核心网设备。本申请的各个实施例中所述的“连接”可理解为传输层的连接，例如为TCP连接，用户数据报协议(user datagram protocol，UDP)连接，快速UDP网络连接(quick UDP internet connections，QUIC)，或者安全可靠传输(secure reliable transport，SRT)等。在本申请的各个实施例的介绍过程中是以TCP连接为例。另外在本申请的各个实施例的介绍过程中，以本申请实施例的方法应用于5G系统为例。
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，请参见图3，为该方法的流程图。
S301、服务器向UPF发送下行数据包，相应的，UPF从服务器接收下行数据包。该下行数据包的数量可以是一个或多个，该下行数据包例如为IP包。该下行数据包属于第一应用，第一应用例如为XR应用，或者也可以是其他视频类应用、云游戏(cload gaming，CG)类应用或图像类应用等。
以XR应用为例。XR业务具有数据突发的特点，例如，当XR业务为60帧/s时，每16.67ms会有一帧数据到达接入网设备，即每16.67ms会有一组IP包到达接入网设备，以请求接入网设备将这些IP包发送给UE。若接入网设备无法发送这些IP包，例如网络拥塞等，则接入网设备会对接收的这一组IP数据包中的一个或多个进行随机丢包处理，以缓解拥塞情况。如果随机丢弃的IP包属于高优先级帧，例如属于I帧或P0帧，则丢包会对用户产生较大影响；而如果丢弃的数据包属于低优先级帧，例如属于P1帧或P2帧，则丢包对用户的影响较小。但接入网设备是随机丢弃，所以无法控制丢包对用户的影响。为了解决接入网设备随机丢包对用户观看XR业务的影响，可以实行分层传输。
例如参考图4，服务器将第一应用的业务分为2个数据流(例如分为2个socket流)，其中一个数据流传输相对重要的帧的数据包，例如I帧和/或P0帧的数据包，这个数据流可称为基本层数据流；另一个数据流传输相对不重要的帧的数据包，例如P1帧和/或P2帧的数据包，这个数据流可称为增强层数据流。本申请的各个实施例中，数据流也可以称为业务流(traffic flow)。这两个数据流到达接收端后，接收端再将I帧的数据包以及对应的P帧的数据包进行处理后解码显示。在这种分流传输的情况下，如果接入网设备无法保证数据传输时，例如网络拥塞，则接入网设备可优先保证高优先级的数据包发送，丢弃低优先级的数据包，保证用户的业务体验。
本申请实施例可以应用这种分流传输的方法，服务器可将第一应用的业务分两个数据流来传输，这两个数据流通过两个TCP连接传输。也就是说，服务器与UE之间可建立两个TCP连接，例如这两个TCP连接分别称为第一TCP连接和第二TCP连接，其中第一TCP连接传输第一数据流，第二TCP连接传输第二数据流，第一数据流和第二数据流是第一应用的数据流，第二数据流的重要程度高于第一数据流。第一TCP连接通过第一QoS流传输，第二TCP连接通过第二QoS流传输，因此也可以理解为，第二QoS流的服务质量高于第一QoS流的服务质量。以第一应用是XR应用为例，例如第二数据流传输相对重要的帧的数据包，例如I帧和/或P0帧的数据包，第一数据流传输相对不重要的帧的数据包，例如P1帧和/或P2帧的数据包。
例如该下行数据包的数量为一个或多个，这一个或多个下行数据包通过第一TCP连接传输，或者，该下行数据包的数量为多个，这多个下行数据包中的部分通过第一TCP连接传输，这多个下行数据包中剩余的部分通过第二TCP连接传输。
可选的，服务器可以向UPF提供每个数据包对应的帧的信息，例如服务器向UPF提供的信息包括以下一种或多种：帧的类型，帧号，帧内包括的数据包的总数，数据包在帧内的位置(例如，该数据包是帧内第几个数据包)。帧的类型例如包括I帧或P帧，或者包括I帧、P0帧、P1帧、或P2帧等。帧号，也可以理解为帧的编号，例如100号帧，表明该帧的帧号为100。帧内包括的数据包的总数是指一个帧所包括的数据包的总数，例如100个TCP包或100个IP包等。数据包在帧内的位置，例如包括某个数据包是帧内的第5个TCP包，或者是帧内的第5个IP包等。
S302、UPF向接入网设备发送第一请求，相应的，接入网设备接收第一请求。
UPF接收该下行数据包后，确定第一TCP连接通过第一服务质量(quality of service，QoS)流传输，UPF可向接入网设备发送第一请求，第一请求可请求获得第一QoS流的传输信息，例如第一请求用于请求订阅第一QoS流的传输信息，那么第一请求也可以称为订阅请求。在本申请的各个实施例中，以第一请求用于请求订阅第一QoS流的传输信息为例。第一QoS流的传输信息例如指示第一QoS流中的数据包传输失败，或者指示第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包(例如，指示第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的序号)。其中，第二TCP连接通过第二QoS流传输，由于第二数据流的重要程度较高，则认为本申请实施例需要保证第二数据流的成功率，因此UPF无需向接入网设备订阅第二QoS流的传输信息。而第一数据流的重要程度较低，如果出现网络问题，则接入网设备可能丢弃第一QoS流承载的数据包，因此UPF可以订阅第一QoS流的传输信息。或者，UPF也可以向接入网设备订阅第二QoS流的传输信息，例如可通过一条第一请求订阅第一QoS流的传输信息和第二QoS流的传输信息，或者通过两条第一请求分别订阅第一QoS流的传输信息和第二QoS流的传输信息。本申请实施例主要关注对于第一QoS流的传输信息的订阅。
例如，UPF接收该下行数据包后，根据该下行数据包携带的IP五元组等信息，确定该下行数据包对应的QoS流(QoS flow)，从而将该下行数据包映射到该QoS流传输，该QoS流例如为第一QoS流或第二QoS流。下行数据包携带的IP五元组例如包括该下行数据包的源IP地址、目标IP地址、源端口号、目标端口号以及协议号。该下行数据包的源IP地址是该下行数据包的发送端的IP地址，例如本申请实施例中为服务器的IP地址，该下行数据包的源端口号也是该下行数据包的发送端的端口号，例如为服务器的端口号。该下行数据包的目标IP地址是该下行数据包的接收端的IP地址，例如本申请实施例中为UE的IP地址，该下行数据包的目标端口号也是该下行数据包的接收端的端口号，例如为UE的端口号。另外，例如该下行数据包对应第一QoS流，则UPF还可以订阅第一QoS流的传输信息，例如该订阅请求包括第一QoS流的QoS流标识(QoS flow identifier，QFI)。或者，即使UPF未接收下行数据包，UPF确定第一QoS流已建立的情况下，也可以订阅第一QoS流的传输信息。因此，S301是可选的步骤。
例如，UPF将该第一请求发送给SMF，SMF再将该第一请求发送给接入网设备，从而接入网设备就接收了该第一请求。可选的，接入网设备接收第一请求后，可以向SMF发送响应消息，例如称为响应消息1，响应消息1可指示订阅成功或失败。SMF从接入网设备接收响应消息1后，再向UPF发送响应消息2，如果响应消息1指示订阅成功，则响应消息2指示订阅成功，如果响应消息1指示订阅失败，则响应消息2指示订阅失败。UPF接收来自SMF的响应消息2后，就可确定订阅成功或订阅失败。为了简化附图，在图2中未画出响应消息1和响应消息2。
或者，UPF也可以直接向接入网设备发送该第一请求，例如UPF为第一请求添加通用分组无线业务隧道传输协议(general packet radio service tunnel protocol，GTP)包头，从而通过用户面向接入网设备发送该第一请求，则接入网设备可以从UPF接收该第一请求。可选的，接入网设备接收第一请求后，可以向UPF发送响应消息，UPF接收来自接入网设备的响应消息后，就可确定订阅成功或订阅失败。为了简化附图，在图2中未画出该响应消息。
S303、UPF通过第一QoS流传输第一数据流的数据包。或者说，UPF通过第一QoS流传输第一TCP连接的数据包。本申请各个实施例所述的数据包例如为IP包或TCP包。
可选的，UPF可确定每个数据包对应的帧的信息。该帧信息可以是服务器提供给UPF的，也可以是UPF自己生成的，例如，当XR业务为60帧/s时，每16.67ms会有一帧数据到达UPF，即每16.67ms会有一组IP包到达UPF，则UPF可根据数据包的大小和到达规律生成帧的信息。
S304、UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二数据流的数据包。或者说，UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二TCP连接的数据包。
可选的，UPF可确定每个数据包对应的帧的信息。该帧信息可以是服务器提供给UPF的，也可以是UPF自己生成的。
以第一应用是XR应用为例，第二数据流传输相对重要的帧的数据包，例如I帧和/或P0帧的数据包，第一数据流传输相对不重要的帧的数据包，例如P1帧和/或P2帧的数据包。
S305、接入网设备发送传输失败的数据包的第二信息，相应的，UPF接收传输失败的数据包的第二信息。
例如，接入网设备检测到第一QoS流出现了丢包，或者说出现了传输失败的情况，则可以发送第二信息。接入网设备可向SMF发送第二信息，SMF再将第二信息发送给UPF，或者，接入网设备直接将第二信息发送给UPF。
第二信息例如包括以下一种或多种信息(或者，第二信息指示的信息包括如下一种或多种信息)：传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置(例如该数据包是帧内第几个数据包)，传输失败的数据包的个数，M个数据包的序号(M个数据包可包括传输失败的数据包，或包括传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包，M为正整数)。第二信息所包括(或，指示)的数据包的序号，例如为数据包对应的GTP序号(或者说，传输失败的数据包对应的GTP包头的序号)。
可选的，第二信息包括(或，指示)传输失败的数据包的序号，而不包括(或，指示)如上其他信息。接入网设备所发送的第二信息，可包括GTP包头。在QoS流上传输的数据包的序号(例如TCP层的序号或IP层的序号)与GTP包头的序号之间可以有对应关系。那么，接入网设备确定传输失败的数据包后，就可确定传输失败的数据包的序号所对应的GTP包头的序号，该序号的GTP包头就可包括在第二信息中。
可选的，第二信息包括(或，指示)传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号、传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型、或传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置中的一种或多种。以第一应用是XR应用为例，XR业务有个特点，如果一帧对应的数据包中有一个数据包传输失败，对于接收端来说可能对于整个帧的解析都会失败，也就是说，如果一帧对应的数据包中有一个数据包传输失败，则这一帧里剩余的数据包即使传输，意义也不大，且浪费传输资源。例如一帧对应50个数据包，这50个数据包中只要有一个数据包传输失败，就会导致接收端对于这一帧的解析失败。因此本申请实施例中，如果接入网设备确定传输失败的数据包对应某个帧，且该帧的部分数据包属于传输失败的数据包，而该帧剩余的数据包还未传输(例如，该帧对应的数据包中还没有传输成功的数据包且还有尚未传输的数据包)，那么接入网设备如果已接收了该帧剩余的数据包，则可以丢弃该帧剩余的数据包，无需继续传输，从而减轻接入网设备的数据传输负担，且节省传输资源。另外，接入网设备还可以通过第二信息向UPF指示传输失败的数据包的信息，例如第二信息包括(或，指示)传输失 败的数据包对应的帧的帧号、传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型、或传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置中的一种或多种，接入网设备可将传输失败的数据包的信息携带在第二信息包括的GTP包头内，从而UPF或服务器可进行相应处理。
例如，如果接入网设备确定传输失败的数据包对应某个帧，且该帧的部分数据包属于传输失败的数据包，而该帧剩余的数据包还未传输(或者说，该帧对应的数据包中还没有传输成功的数据包且还有尚未传输的数据包)，则第二信息可包括(或，指示)传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号、传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型、或传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置中的一种或多种，或者，第二信息包括(或，指示)传输失败的数据包的GTP序号，或者，第二信息包括(或，指示)传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的GTP序号。或者，如果接入网设备确定传输失败的数据包对应某个帧，且该帧的部分数据包属于传输失败的数据包，但是该帧剩余的数据包中已有数据包传输成功，则第二信息可包括(或，指示)传输失败的数据包的GTP序号。
可选的，接入网设备除了发送第二信息外，还可以发送第三信息，第三信息可指示第一定时器的定时时长。第一定时器也可称为停止发送定时器，或者也可以有其他的名称。第一定时器例如由UPF或服务器维护，在第一定时器超时前，UPF或服务器不能发送第一应用对应的数据包，在第一定时器超时时，UPF或服务器才能继续发送第一应用对应的数据包，通过这种方式能够缓解网络的拥塞。第一定时器的定时时长可由接入网设备确定，由于接入网设备对于网络的情况较为明确，例如接入网设备可根据网络情况确定何时能够恢复正常通信，因此接入网设备所确定的第一定时器的定时时长可以较为准确。接入网设备可通过SMF将第三信息发送给UPF，或者，也可以直接将第三信息发送给UPF。
可选的，接入网设备除了发送第二信息外，还可以发送第四信息，第四信息例如指示传输失败的原因。传输失败的原因可以有多种，例如传输失败的原因包括如下一种或多种：网络拥塞，网络资源不足，网络暂时波动，完整性传输丢弃数据包，完整性传输丢弃剩余数据包，或，丢弃低优先级数据包。或者，传输失败的原因除了包括如上一种或多种外还可以包括其他原因。例如，如果传输失败的原因包括丢弃低优先级数据包，也可认为是默认指示了传输失败的原因是网络拥塞或网络资源不足等情况。接入网设备可通过SMF将第四信息发送给UPF，或者，也可以直接将第四信息发送给UPF。
S306、UPF向服务器发送传输失败的数据包的第一信息，相应的，服务器从UPF接收传输失败的数据包的第一信息。第一信息例如包括以下一种或多种信息(或者，第一信息例如指示如下一种或多种信息)：传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置(例如该数据包是帧内第几个数据包)，传输失败的数据包的个数，M个数据包的序号(M个数据包可包括传输失败的数据包，或包括传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包)。第一信息所指示的数据包的序号，例如为数据包对应的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
UPF可记录数据包的序号(例如TCP层的序号或IP层的序号)与GTP包头的序号之间的对应关系。UPF接收第二信息后，如果第二信息包括(或，指示)传输失败的数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，则UPF可将第二信息指示的GTP包头的序号映射为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号，从而可确定第一信息。例如，UPF所确定的第一信息可包括(或，指示)在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的序号(或者说，第一信息用于确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的序号)，例如第一信息包括(或，指示)的是这些数据包的TCP层的 序号或IP层的序号。
又例如，如果第二信息包括(或，指示)的是传输失败的数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，UPF将第二信息包括(或，指示)的GTP包头的序号映射为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号后，可确定这些TCP层的序号或IP层的序号对应的数据包所属的帧，或者UPF可根据第二信息包括(或，指示)的GTP包头的序号确定这些GTP包头的序号对应的数据包所属的帧。那么，UPF所确定的第一信息可包括(或，指示)在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧(或者说，第一信息用于确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧)，例如第一信息包括(或，指示)在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号、传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型、或传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置中的一种或多种。或者，UPF可确定传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号(例如TCP层的序号或IP层的序号)，则UPF所确定的第一信息可包括(或，指示)在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号。
或者，如果第二信息包括(或，指示)的是传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的GTP序号，则UPF接收第二信息后，可将第二信息包括(或，指示)的GTP包头的序号映射为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号，从而可确定第一信息，例如第一信息包括(或，指示)的是传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的TCP序号或IP序号。
或者，如果第二信息包括(或，指示)的是传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的GTP序号，则UPF接收第二信息后，可确定传输失败的数据包对应的帧的信息，例如确定传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号和/或传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型等，并可将所确定的传输失败的数据包对应的帧的信息作为第一信息。
或者，如果第二信息包括(或，指示)的是在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧的信息，例如包括(或，指示)在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号和/或传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，则UPF接收第二信息后，可确定第二信息为第一信息，即，第一信息也包括(或，指示)在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧的信息。
或者，如果第二信息包括(或，指示)的是在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧的信息，例如包括(或，指示)在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号和/或传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，则UPF接收第二信息后，可确定第二信息所包括(或，指示)的帧对应的全部数据包的序号(例如TCP层的序号或IP层的序号)，从而确定第一信息，例如第一信息包括(或，指示)在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号。
在确定第一信息后，UPF可将第一信息发送给服务器。
可选的，如果UPF还接收了第三信息，则UPF可将第一定时器的定时时长发送给服务器，服务器可从UPF接收第一定时器的定时时长。或者，UPF也可能不向服务器发送第一定时器的定时时长，则服务器可自行确定第一定时器的定时时长，例如该定时时长可通过协议规定，或者使用缺省(default)值。或者，如果UPF未向服务器发送第一定时器的定时时长，则服务器也可以不启用第一定时器。
可选的，如果UPF还接收了第四信息，则UPF可将传输失败的原因发送给服务器，服务器可从UPF获知传输失败的原因。可选的，服务器可根据传输失败的原因确定第一定时器的定时时长。
S307、服务器丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部。
例如，服务器未从UPF接收传输失败的原因，则服务器可直接执行S307。或者，如果服务器从UPF接收了传输失败的原因，则服务器可根据传输失败的原因确定是否丢弃传输失败的数据包。作为一种示例，如果传输失败的原因为网络暂时波动，这种网络问题可能是暂时的，网络可能在较短时间内就能得到恢复，因此服务器可以不丢弃传输失败的数据包，而是等待网络恢复后继续发送这些数据包，则服务器不必执行S307，也不必执行后文将要介绍的S308。作为另一种示例，如果传输失败的原因包括网络拥塞、网络资源不足、或、丢弃低优先级数据包中的一种或多种，这种网络问题可能所需的恢复时间较长，则为了缓解网络拥塞或资源不足等问题，服务器可以丢弃传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，即，执行S307。
服务器可将传输失败的数据包全部丢弃，这样可以在较大程度上缓解网络的拥塞等情况。或者，服务器也可以选择丢弃传输失败的数据包中的部分数据包，而对剩余的数据包，服务器可以重传给UE。例如，在传输失败的数据包中包括N个数据包，N个数据包是第一应用的一帧图像对应的部分数据包，而该帧图像对应的剩余数据包已传输成功。那么，为了尽量保证该帧图像的输出质量，服务器可将N个数据包重传给UE。为了提高N个数据包的重传成功率，服务器可通过第二QoS流来重传这N个数据包，或者说，服务器重传这N个数据包。UPF接收这N个数据包后，再通过第二QoS流向UE重传这N个数据包，N为正整数。传输失败的数据包所包括的除了这N个数据包外的其他数据包，服务器可以全部丢弃。通过这种方式，既可以缓解网络的拥塞等情况，又能尽可能保证更多帧的输出质量。可选的，服务器通过第二TCP连接重传这N个数据包，或者，服务器通过第一TCP连接重传这N个数据包。另外，服务器还可以向UPF发送第一指示信息，UPF可根据第一指示信息将该N个数据包映射到第二QoS流进行传输。第一指示信息例如为重传指示或高优先级指示等用于UPF确定将数据包映射到第二QoS流的信息，对于第一指示信息的具体实现方式本申请实施例不做限定。
可选的，服务器还可丢弃传输失败的数据包对应的帧的数据包。例如传输失败的数据包对应第一帧，第一帧剩余的数据包均属于尚未传输的数据包，或者说第一帧还没有传输成功的数据包且还有尚未传输的数据包，那么服务器可丢弃第一帧剩余的数据包。例如第一信息指示在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的序号，服务器可只是丢弃传输失败的部分或全部数据包；或者，服务器除了丢弃传输失败的部分或全部数据包外，还确定传输失败的数据包对应的帧的信息，例如确定了第一帧，如果第一帧还没有传输成功的数据包且还有尚未传输的数据包，则服务器可丢弃第一帧剩余的数据包(另外，服务器还会丢弃传输失败的数据包中对应于第一帧的数据包)，那么尚未发送的数据包中就不再包括第一帧的数据包。又例如，第一信息指示在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧的信息，则服务器可丢弃这些帧对应的全部数据包。再例如，第一信息指示在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号，则服务器可丢弃第一信息所指示的数据包，这些数据包中可包括传输失败的全部或部分数据包，和/或包括在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的数据包。
S308、服务器为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包的序号连续。尚未发送的数据包例如为通过第一QoS流传输的数据包中尚未发送的数据包，通过第二QoS流传输的数据包可不考虑。这里为尚未发送的数据包所设置的序号，例如为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
在S307中服务器丢弃了相应的数据包，如果不为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，则服务器在将尚未发送的数据包发送给UE后，对于UE来说，所接收的这些数据包的序号与网络故障前所接收的数据包的序号就是不连续的，则UE会一直等待接收未接收的数据包。例如，第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的序号为11～20，服务器丢弃这10个数据包。对于服务器来说，发送成功的数据包的最大的序号为10，尚未发送的数据包的最小的序号为21。如果服务器不为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，则UE接收数据包21后，就会一直等待数据包11～20。如果等待达到一定的时长，则服务器与UE之间的TCP连接就可能断开。因此服务器可以对尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包之间的序号连续，对于接收端来说，由于接收的是序号连续的数据包，则接收端可以持续接收，而不会等待被丢弃的数据包，这样也能尽量维持服务器与UE之间的TCP连接不断开。延续前述示例，例如服务器将尚未发送的数据包21重新设置序号为11，其他尚未发送的数据包也按照顺序重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与已发送成功的数据包的序号之间是连续的。则UE接收的就是数据包11而不是数据包21，由于序号的连续，UE不会等待被丢弃的数据包，从而能够维持服务器与UE之间的TCP连接。
而要求序号连续，是接收端(例如UE)的TCP层的要求，TCP层接收数据包后，如果数据包的序号连续，则TCP层会将序号连续的数据包递交给应用层处理。应用层就能识别出数据包所包括的真正的数据，不会因为序号而将数据包关联到不对应的帧。例如，服务器将数据包21重新设置序号为11，数据包21对应帧B，真正的数据包11对应帧A。UE的应用层接收数据包11后就能确定数据包11对应的帧为帧B而不是帧A，从而不会出现输出混乱的情况。
其中，如果服务器只是丢弃了在第一QoS流中传输失败的部分或全部数据包，并未丢弃这些数据包对应的帧的所对应的剩余数据包，则尚未发送的数据包依然包括这些帧所对应的剩余数据包。例如第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包包括数据包1～5以及数据包12～13，其中数据包1～5对应帧A，数据包12～13对应帧B，而帧A还对应数据包6～10，帧B还对应数据包11、14～20。服务器丢弃了数据包1～5以及数据包12～13，并未丢弃数据包6～10、以及数据包11、14～20，那么数据包6～10、以及数据包11、14～20属于尚未发送的数据包，服务器需为这些数据包重新设置序号。或者，如果服务器不仅丢弃了在第一QoS流中传输失败的部分或全部数据包，还丢弃了这些数据包对应的帧的所对应的剩余数据包，则尚未发送的数据包不再包括这些帧所对应的剩余数据包。沿用上述示例，例如服务器丢弃了数据包1～20，那么数据包11、14～20不属于尚未发送的数据包，服务器也不必为这些数据包再设置序号。
S309、在确定网络恢复正常时，服务器发送尚未发送的数据包，相应的，UE接收这些数据包。或者，在第一定时器超时时，服务器发送尚未发送的数据包，相应的，UE接收这些数据包。该尚未发送的数据包，例如是第一QoS流上尚未发送的数据包。例如，服务器通过第一TCP连接将尚未发的数据包发送给UPF，UPF再将这些数据包映射到第一QoS流上发送给UE。可选的，第一定时器超时也可以理解为第一定时器过期(expired)，或者第一定时器倒计时结束。
例如服务器从UPF接收了第一定时器的定时时长，则服务器可以启动第一定时器，例如服务器在接收第一信息后可启动第一定时器，或者服务器在接收第一定时器的定时时长后可启动第一定时器。或者，协议规定了第一定时器的定时时长，或者该定时时长使用缺 省值，则服务器例如在接收第一信息后启动第一定时器。如果服务器启动了第一定时器，那么在第一定时器超时前，服务器不能发送或停止发送第一应用对应的第一QoS流上的数据包，而第一应用对应的第二QoS流的数据包，服务器可以继续发送，或者也可以不发送。在第一定时器超时时，服务器可通过第一TCP连接发送尚未发送的数据包。
或者，服务器未从UPF接收第一定时器的定时时长、协议也未规定第一定时器的定时时长、以及该定时时长也没有缺省值，则服务器可以不启动第一定时器。在这种情况下，如果确定网络恢复，则接入网设备可向UPF发送第六信息(例如，接入网设备直接向UPF发送第六信息，或者，接入网设备通过SMF向UPF发送第六信息)，UPF接收该第六信息后，可将该第六信息发送给服务器，服务器接收该第六信息后，就能确定可通过第一TCP连接发送尚未发送的数据包。该第六信息可指示网络恢复正常，或者指示发送数据包，或者指示通过第一QoS流发送数据包等。可选的，第一信息用于服务器确定网络恢复正常。
或者，即使服务器启动了第一定时器，则接入网设备在确定网络恢复正常的情况下，如果发现第一QoS流尚未恢复传输，则接入网设备也可向UPF发送第六信息，UPF可将该第六信息发送给服务器。此时可能第一定时器尚未超时，但根据接入网设备的通知，服务器也能确定网络恢复正常，从而可通过第一TCP连接及时发送尚未发送的数据包。另外，服务器可停止第一定时器。
例如参考图5，为服务器发送尚未发送的数据包的一种示例。例如数据包1、2、3是发送成功的数据包，数据包4、5是传输失败的数据包，数据包6、7、8、9是尚未发送的数据包。数据包4、5由于传输失败而被丢弃，服务器重新为数据包6、7、8、9设置序号，重新设置序号后的数据包6、7、8、9变更为数据包4、5、6、7，则在网络恢复后，服务器发送数据包4、5、6、7。从而对于UE来说，接收的数据包的序号就是连续的。
其中，S301～S305、S309是可选的步骤。
如上的各个步骤介绍的是本申请实施例涉及的下行传输的情况，下面介绍本申请实施例涉及的上行传输的情况。
UE的应用层中提供第一应用的应用(APP)产生业务数据后，该APP或应用处理器(application processor，AP)将业务数据封装到数据包(例如IP包)中。UE的调制解调器(modem)向接入网设备请求无线资源，以通过接入网设备和UPF将这些数据包发送给服务器。其中，UE通过第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输第一应用的数据。可选的，提供第一应用的应用也可以理解为第一应用对应的应用(APP)。
例如UE的modem接收到来自应用层的需要通过第一QoS流传输的数据包，但网络出现了问题，例如网络拥塞或网络资源不足等，则modem无法完成这些数据包的发送。在这种情况下，modem可以根据第一QoS流的数据发送情况确定传输失败的数据包的第一信息，且modem可将第一信息发送给UE的应用层。第一QoS流的数据发送情况可指示网络情况，例如第一QoS流的数据包大量丢失，则网络可能有拥塞或网络资源不足等。可选的，modem还可以向应用层发送第三信息和/或第四信息。关于这些信息的内容，可参考前文的介绍。
UE的应用层(例如AP或UE中安装的提供第一应用的APP)可直接丢弃传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，可选的，还可丢弃传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的剩余数据包，或者，UE的应用层也可根据传输失败的原因确定是否丢弃数据包，关于这部分内容可参考S307。如果UE的应用层丢弃了数据包，则UE的应用层可以为尚未发送的数据包 重新设置序号，关于这些内容可参考S308。在网络恢复时，或者在第一定时器超时时，UE可以继续发送尚未发送的数据包，关于这些内容可参考S309。其中，UE的应用层确定网络恢复，一种确定方式为，如果确定网络恢复，则UE的modem可向UE的应用层发送第六信息，UE的应用层接收该第六信息后，就能确定网络恢复正常，则UE的应用层可通过第一QoS流发送尚未发送的数据包。该第六信息可指示网络恢复正常，或者指示发送数据包，或者指示通过第一QoS流发送数据包。或者，即使UE的应用层启动了第一定时器，则UE的modem也可以向UE的应用层发送第六信息，关于该内容也可参考S309。
在本申请实施例中，对于发送端来说，如果在第一QoS流中有传输失败的数据包，则可以将这些数据包中的部分或全部丢弃，相当于不对被丢弃的数据包进行重传，这样发送端的重传次数也不会达到最大重传次数，从而能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。在网络恢复时发送端能够继续通过该传输层的连接传输数据包，无需重新建立传输层的连接，能够提高数据包的传输效率。另外对于接收端来说，如果接收的数据包的序号不连续，则接收端会一直等待接收未接收的数据包，如果等待达到一定的时长，则收发双方的传输层的连接也可能断开。因此本申请实施例中，由于丢弃了一些数据包，则发送端可以对尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包之间的序号连续。对于接收端来说，由于接收的是序号连续的数据包，则接收端可以持续接收，而不会等待被丢弃的数据包，这样也能尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。
在图3所示的实施例的下行传输过程中，服务器能够感知数据包的传输情况，从而由服务器确定是否丢弃数据包等，这样需要修改服务器的执行过程。下面提供本申请实施例的第二种通信方法，在该方法中，服务器无需感知数据包的传输情况，对服务器的改动较小。请参考图6，为该方法的流程图。
S601、服务器向UPF发送下行数据包，相应的，UPF从服务器接收下行数据包。该下行数据包的数量可以是一个或多个，该下行数据包例如为IP包。该下行数据包属于第一应用，第一应用例如为XR应用，或者也可以是其他视频类应用或图像类应用。
关于S601的更多内容，可参考图3所示的S301。
S602、UPF确定执行TCP代理(proxy)功能。
可以理解为，通过UPF执行TCP代理，将UE与服务器之间的一个TCP连接拆分为两个TCP连接，这两个TCP连接分别为UE与UPF之间的TCP连接、以及UPF与服务器之间的TCP连接。UE对于所接收的数据包的ACK是发送给UPF，UPF不会转发给服务器，而UPF从服务器接收数据包后，UPF会向服务器发送ACK。在本申请实施例中，UE与服务器之间可以有第一TCP连接和第二TCP连接，则这两个TCP连接中的每个都可视为被拆分为了两个TCP连接。
S603、UPF向接入网设备发送第一请求，相应的，接入网设备接收第一请求。
关于S603的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S302。
S604、UPF通过第一QoS流传输第一数据流的数据包。或者说，UPF通过第一QoS流传输第一TCP连接的数据包。本申请各个实施例所述的数据包例如为IP包。
S605、UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二数据流的数据包。或者说，UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二TCP连接的数据包。
关于S604和S605的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S303和S304。
S606、接入网设备发送传输失败的数据包的第二信息，相应的，UPF接收传输失败的数据包的第二信息。
关于S606的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S305。
S607、UPF丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部。
关于S607的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S307，只是图3所示的实施例的S307是服务器执行，而S607是UPF执行，但执行方式都是类似的。
S608、UPF为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包的序号连续。尚未发送的数据包例如为第一QoS流传输的数据包中尚未发送的数据包，第二QoS流传输的数据包可不考虑。这里为尚未发送的数据包所设置的序号，例如为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
需要注意的是，本申请实施例中UPF执行了TCP代理功能，因此服务器并不能感知数据包的传输情况。服务器只需向UPF发送数据包，UPF接收数据包后可以向服务器发送ACK，则服务器接收ACK后就可持续向UPF发送数据包。对于UPF来说，如果有数据包传输失败，则还是可能一直从服务器接收数据包，只是这些数据包可能都得作为尚未发送的数据包来处理。
关于S608的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S308，只是图3所示的实施例的S308是服务器执行，而S608是UPF执行，但执行方式都是类似的。
S609、在确定网络恢复正常时，UPF发送尚未发送的数据包，相应的，UE接收这些数据包。或者，在第一定时器超时时，UPF发送尚未发送的数据包，相应的，UE接收这些数据包。该尚未发送的数据包，例如是第一QoS流上尚未发送的数据包。例如，UPF将尚未发送的数据包映射到第一QoS流上发送给UE。
关于S609的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S309，只是图3所示的实施例的S309是服务器执行，而S609是UPF执行，但执行方式都是类似的。
其中，S601～S606、S609是可选的步骤。
如上的各个步骤介绍的是本申请实施例涉及的下行传输的情况，本申请实施例涉及的上行传输的情况与图3所示的实施例涉及的上行传输的情况是类似的，不多赘述。
在本申请实施例中，对于发送端来说，如果在第一QoS流中有传输失败的数据包，则可以将这些数据包中的部分或全部丢弃，相当于不对被丢弃的数据包进行重传，这样发送端的重传次数也不会达到最大重传次数，从而能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。在网络恢复时发送端能够继续通过该传输层的连接传输数据包，无需重新建立传输层的连接，能够提高数据包的传输效率。另外对于接收端来说，如果接收的数据包的序号不连续，则接收端会一直等待接收未接收的数据包，如果等待达到一定的时长，则收发双方的传输层的连接也可能断开。因此本申请实施例中，由于丢弃了一些数据包，则发送端可以对尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包之间的序号连续。对于接收端来说，由于接收的是序号连续的数据包，则接收端可以持续接收，而不会等待被丢弃的数据包，这样也能尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。且本申请实施例由UPF执行TCP代理，服务器无需感知数据的传输情况，而是正常发送数据包即可，简化了服务器的实现过程。
在图3所示的实施例或图6所示的实施例中，UE与服务器之间都会建立两个TCP连接来传输第一应用的数据，这需要改动服务器的实现方式。下面介绍本申请实施例提供的 第三种通信方法，在该方法中，UE与服务器之间只需建立一个TCP连接，对于服务器的改动较小。请参考图7，为该方法的流程图。
S701、服务器向UPF发送下行数据包，相应的，UPF从服务器接收下行数据包。该下行数据包的数量可以是一个或多个，该下行数据包例如为IP包。该下行数据包属于第一应用，第一应用例如为XR应用，或者也可以是其他视频类应用或图像类应用。
在本申请实施例中，服务器与UE之间只需建立一个TCP连接，对于第一应用的数据来说，无论重要程度高或低，服务器都通过这一个TCP连接将第一应用的数据发送给UPF。
S702、UPF确定执行TCP代理功能。
关于S702的更多内容，可参考图6所示的实施例的S602。
S703、UPF确定在UPF与UE之间通过至少两个QoS流传输该TCP连接的数据包。或者说，UPF确定在UPF与UE之间通过至少两个QoS流传输第一应用的数据包。
例如，UPF确定第一应用的数据包的重要程度有区别，有些数据包的重要程度较高，有些数据包的重要程度较低，则UPF可以确定在UPF与UE之间通过至少两个QoS流传输该TCP连接的数据包，不同的QoS流传输不同重要程度的数据包，从而提高数据传输的可靠性。例如本申请实施例中，以第一应用的数据包通过两个QoS流传输为例，这两个QoS流例如包括第一QoS流和第二QoS流。
S704、UPF与UE之间建立第一连接。
第一连接可包括至少两个子流(subflow)，至少两个子流在至少两个QoS流上传输，至少两个QoS流包括第一QoS流，例如至少两个QoS流包括第一QoS流和第二QoS流。第一连接例如为多路传输TCP(multipath TCP，MPTCP)连接，或者也可以是多路QUIC(multipath QUIC，MPQUIC)等其他连接，本申请实施例以第一连接是MPTCP连接为例。
该MPTCP连接可理解为包括至少两个子流，至少两个子流在至少两个QoS流上传输，其中一个QoS流传输一个子流。以第一应用的数据包通过第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输为例，例如该MPTCP连接包括第一子流和第二子流，第一子流通过第一QoS流传输，第二子流通过第二QoS流传输。其中，如果UPF与UE之间尚未建立MPTCP连接，则可执行S704，而如果UPF与UE之间已建立了MPTCP连接，则不必执行S704。关于建立MPTCP连接的过程，将在后文的其他实施例中介绍。
MPTCP连接的好处是，可以对多个路径上传递的数据包进行更好地管控，保证数据包正确有效的传输。而且服务器与UE之间只需建立一个TCP连接即可，对于服务器的修改较小，更利于商用推广。
S705、UPF向接入网设备发送第一请求，相应的，接入网设备接收第一请求。
关于S705的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S302。
S706、UPF通过第一QoS流传输第一子流的数据包。本申请各个实施例所述的数据包例如为IP包。
S707、UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二子流的数据包。
关于S706和S707的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S303和S304。
S708、接入网设备发送传输失败的数据包的第二信息，相应的，UPF接收传输失败的数据包的第二信息。
关于S708的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S606。
S709、UPF丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部。
关于S709的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S307，只是图3所示的实施例的S307是服务器执行，而S709是UPF执行，但执行方式都是类似的。
S710、UPF为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包的序号连续。尚未发送的数据包例如为第一QoS流传输的数据包中尚未发送的数据包，第二QoS流传输的数据包可不考虑。这里为尚未发送的数据包所设置的序号，例如为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
需要注意的是，本申请实施例中UPF执行了TCP代理功能，因此服务器并不能感知数据包的传输情况。服务器只需向UPF发送数据包，UPF接收数据包后可以向服务器发送ACK，则服务器接收ACK后就可持续向UPF发送数据包。对于UPF来说，如果有数据包传输失败，则还是可能一直从服务器接收数据包，只是这些数据包可能都得作为尚未发送的数据包来处理。
关于S710的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S308，只是图3所示的实施例的S308是服务器执行，而S710是UPF执行，但执行方式都是类似的。
S711、在确定网络恢复正常时，UPF发送尚未发送的数据包，相应的，UE接收这些数据包。或者，在第一定时器超时时，UPF发送尚未发送的数据包，相应的，UE接收这些数据包。该尚未发送的数据包，例如是第一QoS流上尚未发送的数据包。例如，UPF将尚未发送的数据包映射到第一QoS流上发送给UE。
关于S711的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S309，只是图3所示的实施例的S309是服务器执行，而S711是UPF执行，但执行方式都是类似的。
其中，S701～S708、S711是可选的步骤。
如上的各个步骤介绍的是本申请实施例涉及的下行传输的情况，本申请实施例涉及的上行传输的情况与图3所示的实施例涉及的上行传输的情况是类似的，不多赘述。
在本申请实施例中，对于发送端来说，如果在第一QoS流中有传输失败的数据包，则可以将这些数据包中的部分或全部丢弃，相当于不对被丢弃的数据包进行重传，这样发送端的重传次数也不会达到最大重传次数，从而能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。在网络恢复时发送端能够继续通过该传输层的连接传输数据包，无需重新建立传输层的连接，能够提高数据包的传输效率。另外对于接收端来说，如果接收的数据包的序号不连续，则接收端会一直等待接收未接收的数据包，如果等待达到一定的时长，则收发双方的传输层的连接也可能断开。因此本申请实施例中，由于丢弃了一些数据包，则发送端可以对尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包之间的序号连续。对于接收端来说，由于接收的是序号连续的数据包，则接收端可以持续接收，而不会等待被丢弃的数据包，这样也能尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。而且本申请实施例中服务器与UE之间只需建立一个传输层的连接，对于服务器的改动较小。另外本申请实施例由UPF执行TCP代理，服务器无需感知数据的传输情况，而是正常发送数据包即可，简化了服务器的实现过程。
在如上的几个实施例中，服务器或UPF采用的是丢弃传输失败的数据包，且对尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号的方式来维持传输层的连接，接下来提供本申请实施例提供的第四种通信方法，在该方法中，无需对尚未发送失败的数据包重新设置序号，接收端可以自行构造传输失败的数据包，从而也能维持传输层的连接不断开。请参考图8，为该方法的流程图。
S801、服务器向UPF发送下行数据包，相应的，UPF从服务器接收下行数据包。该下行数据包的数量可以是一个或多个，该下行数据包例如为IP包。该下行数据包属于第一应用，第一应用例如为XR应用，或者也可以是其他视频类应用或图像类应用。
关于S801的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S301。
S802、UPF向接入网设备发送第一请求，相应的，接入网设备接收第一请求。
关于S802的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S302。
S803、UPF通过第一QoS流传输第一数据流的数据包。或者说，UPF通过第一QoS流传输第一TCP连接的数据包。本申请各个实施例所述的数据包例如为IP包。
S804、UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二数据流的数据包。或者说，UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二TCP连接的数据包。
关于S803和S804的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S303和S304。
S805、接入网设备发送传输失败的数据包的第二信息，相应的，UPF接收传输失败的数据包的第二信息。
关于S805的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S305。
S806、UPF向服务器发送传输失败的数据包的第一信息，相应的，服务器从UPF接收传输失败的数据包的第一信息。
关于S806的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S306。
S807、服务器向UE发送第五信息，相应的，UE从服务器接收第五信息。
第五信息可指示第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败(或者说，传输失败)的部分或全部的数据包的序号，或者，第五信息可用于确定第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部的数据包的序号，该序号例如为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号，此时的第一通信装置例如为服务器。例如第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包包括数据包1～5以及数据包12～13，其中数据包1～5对应帧A，数据包12～13对应帧B，而帧A还对应数据包6～10，帧B还对应数据包11、14～20。服务器丢弃了数据包1～5以及数据包12～13，并未丢弃数据包6～10、以及数据包11、14～20，那么第五信息可指示数据包1～5的序号，以及指示数据包12～13的序号，而可以不指示数据包6～10的序号，也不指示数据包11、14～20的序号。
或者，如果服务器除了丢弃传输失败的部分或全部数据包外，还确定传输失败的数据包对应的帧，并丢弃了这些帧对应的剩余数据包，那么第五信息可指示第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号，或者，第五信息可用于确定第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号，该序号例如为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号，此时的第一通信装置例如为服务器。例如第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包包括数据包1～5以及数据包12～13，其中数据包1～5对应帧A，数据包12～13对应帧B，而帧A还对应数据包6～10，帧B还对应数据包11、14～20。服务器丢弃了数据包1～5以及数据包12～13，并未丢弃数据包6～10、以及数据包11、14～20，那么第五信息可指示数据包1～20的序号。
可理解为，第五信息指示的是服务器丢弃的全部数据包的序号。服务器丢弃的全部数据包，例如包括发送失败的部分或全部数据包，可选的，还包括发送失败的部分或全部的数据包对应的帧所对应的剩余数据包。
第一通信装置是发送失败的数据包的发送端，例如本申请实施例中第一通信装置为服 务器。可选的，第五信息还可指示传输失败的部分或全部数据包的其他信息，例如数据包的大小(size)等。
由于此时第一TCP连接可能无法正常传输，或者说第一QoS流可能无法正常传输，因此可选的，服务器可通过第二QoS流向UE发送第五信息，或者理解为，服务器通过第二TCP连接向UPF发送第五信息，UPF通过第二QoS流将第五信息发送给UE。通过第二TCP连接发送第五信息，能够提高第五信息的发送成功率。
S808、UE根据第五信息生成(或，构造)第二数据包。第二数据包的数量可以是一个或多个。
UE(例如UE的modem)接收第五信息后，可根据第五信息生成第二数据包，其中，第二数据包的序号与第五信息指示的数据包的序号相同，数据包的序号例如为数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。例如第五信息指示了数据包1～5，则UE生成的第二数据包的数量为5，这5个数据包的序号为1～5。UE的modem可将第二数据包发送给UE的TCP层(或者称为TCP实体，或者称为TCP层)，则UE的TCP层就认为接收了与已成功接收的数据包的序号连续的数据包。第二数据包自然不是真实的数据包，并不包括第五信息指示的数据包的真正的负载(payload)，只是为了使得UE的TCP层认为所接收的数据包的序号是连续的。对于UE的应用层来说，能够识别这些数据包的内容，从而能够确定这些数据包并不对应第一应用的任何帧，因此不会出现输出混乱的情况。
与图3所示的实施例不同的是，服务器虽然丢弃了数据包，但由于UE自行生成了序号与这些数据包的序号相同的数据包，因此服务器无需为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，在网络恢复时，服务器继续发送尚未发送的数据包即可。关于服务器确定网络恢复的方式，可参考图3所示的实施例。UE在网络恢复后从服务器接收了之前尚未发送的数据包，由于UE已经构造了被服务器丢弃的数据包，因此UE的TCP层会认为被服务器丢弃的数据包已经收到，则UE的TCP层不会等待接收这些数据包，而从服务器接收的尚未发送的数据包与之前已成功接收的数据包的序号是连续的，则UE的TCP层会保持接收状态，从而就可以维持UE与服务器之间的TCP连接不断开。
其中，S801～S806是可选的步骤。
如上的各个步骤介绍的是本申请实施例涉及的下行传输的情况，下面介绍本申请实施例涉及的上行传输的情况。
UE的应用层中提供第一应用的APP产生业务数据后，该APP或AP将业务数据封装到数据包(例如IP包)中。UE的modem向接入网设备请求无线资源，以通过接入网设备和UPF将这些数据包发送给服务器。其中，UE通过第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输第一应用的数据。
例如UE的modem接收到来自应用层的需要通过第一QoS流传输的数据包，但网络出现了问题，例如网络拥塞或网络资源不足等，则modem无法完成这些数据包的发送。在这种情况下，modem可以根据第一QoS流的数据发送情况确定传输失败的数据包的第一信息，且modem可将第一信息发送给UE的应用层。可选的，modem还可以向应用层发送第三信息和/或第四信息。关于这些信息的内容，可参考前文的介绍。
UE的应用层(例如AP或UE中安装的提供第一应用的APP)可直接丢弃传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，可选的，还可丢弃传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的剩余数据包，或者，UE的应用层也可根据传输失败的原因确定是否丢弃数据包，关于这部分内容 可参考图3所示的实施例的S307。如果UE的应用层丢弃了数据包，则UE可以向服务器发送第五信息，例如UE通过第二QoS流向服务器发送第五信息。或者理解为，UE通过第二QoS流向UPF发送第五信息，UPF通过第二TCP连接将第五信息发送给服务器。通过第二TCP连接发送第五信息，能够提高第五信息的发送成功率。此时的第一通信装置为UE。
服务器接收第五信息后，可根据第五信息生成第二数据包，第二数据包的序号与第五信息指示的数据包的序号相同。服务器可将第二数据包发送给服务器的TCP层(或者称为TCP实体，或者称为TCP层)，则服务器的TCP层就认为接收了与已成功接收的数据包的序号连续的数据包。
与图3所示的实施例不同的是，UE虽然丢弃了数据包，但由于服务器自行生成了序号与这些数据包的序号相同的数据包，因此UE无需为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，在网络恢复时，UE继续发送尚未发送的数据包即可。关于UE确定网络恢复的方式，可参考图3所示的实施例。服务器在网络恢复后从UE接收了之前尚未发送的数据包，由于服务器已经构造了被UE丢弃的数据包，因此服务器的TCP层会认为被UE丢弃的数据包已经收到，则服务器的TCP层不会等待接收这些数据包，而从UE接收的尚未发送的数据包与之前已成功接收的数据包的序号是连续的，则服务器的TCP层会保持接收状态，从而就可以维持UE与服务器之间的TCP连接不断开。
在本申请实施例中，对于发送端来说，如果在第一QoS流中有传输失败的数据包，则可以将这些数据包中的部分或全部丢弃，相当于不对被丢弃的数据包进行重传，这样发送端的重传次数也不会达到最大重传次数，从而能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。在网络恢复时发送端能够继续通过该传输层的连接传输数据包，无需重新建立传输层的连接，能够提高数据包的传输效率。另外对于接收端来说，如果接收的数据包的序号不连续，则接收端会一直等待接收未接收的数据包，如果等待达到一定的时长，则收发双方的传输层的连接也可能断开。因此本申请实施例中，发送端可向接收端指示发送失败的数据包的序号等信息，接收端可据此自行生成序号与发送失败的数据包的序号相同的数据包，从而接收端会认为所接收的数据包的序号是连续的，这样也能尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。
在图8所示的实施例的下行传输过程中，服务器能够感知数据包的传输情况，从而由服务器确定是否丢弃数据包等，这样需要修改服务器的执行过程。下面提供本申请实施例的第五种通信方法，在该方法中，服务器无需感知数据包的传输情况，对服务器的改动较小。请参考图9，为该方法的流程图。
S901、服务器向UPF发送下行数据包，相应的，UPF从服务器接收下行数据包。该下行数据包的数量可以是一个或多个，该下行数据包例如为IP包。该下行数据包属于第一应用，第一应用例如为XR应用，或者也可以是其他视频类应用或图像类应用。
关于S901的更多内容，可参考图3所示的S301。
S902、UPF确定执行TCP代理功能。
关于S902的更多内容，可参考图3所示的S302。
S903、UPF向接入网设备发送第一请求，相应的，接入网设备接收第一请求。
关于S903的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S302。
S904、UPF通过第一QoS流传输第一数据流的数据包。或者说，UPF通过第一QoS 流传输第一TCP连接的数据包。本申请各个实施例所述的数据包例如为IP包。
S905、UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二数据流的数据包。或者说，UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二TCP连接的数据包。
关于S904和S905的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S303和S304。
S906、接入网设备发送传输失败的数据包的第二信息，相应的，UPF接收传输失败的数据包的第二信息。
例如UPF记录了数据包的序号(例如TCP层的序号或IP层的序号)与GTP包头的序号之间的对应关系，则UPF接收第二信息后，可将第二信息指示的GTP包头的序号映射为TCP层的序号或IP层的序号，并据此得到传输失败的数据包的第一信息，第一信息可指示在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的序号，第一信息所指示的传输失败的数据包的序号是这些数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。可选的，第一信息用于UPF确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的序号。
关于S906的更多内容，可参考图3所示的实施例的S305。
S907、UPF向UE发送第五信息，相应的，UE从UPF接收第五信息。第五信息可指示第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部数据包的序号，或者，第五信息用于确定在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部数据包的序号。
或者，第五信息可指示第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号，或者，第五信息可用于确定第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号。
此时第一通信装置例如为UPF。
关于S907的更多内容，可参考图8所示的实施例的S807。
S908、UE根据第五信息生成第二数据包，第二数据包的序号与第五信息指示的数据包的序号相同。数据包的序号例如为数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
关于S908的更多内容，可参考图8所示的实施例的S808。
其中，S901～S907是可选的步骤。
如上的各个步骤介绍的是本申请实施例涉及的下行传输的情况，下面介绍本申请实施例涉及的上行传输的情况。
UE的应用层中提供第一应用的APP产生业务数据后，该APP或AP将业务数据封装到数据包(例如IP包)中。UE的modem向接入网设备请求无线资源，以通过接入网设备和UPF将这些数据包发送给服务器。其中，UE通过第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输第一应用的数据。
例如UE的modem接收到来自应用层的需要通过第一QoS流传输的数据包，但网络出现了问题，例如网络拥塞或网络资源不足等，则modem无法完成这些数据包的发送。在这种情况下，modem可以根据第一QoS流的数据发送情况确定传输失败的数据包的第一信息，且modem可将第一信息发送给UE的应用层。可选的，modem还可以向应用层发送第三信息和/或第四信息。关于这些信息的内容，可参考前文的介绍。
UE的应用层(例如AP或UE中安装的提供第一应用的APP)可直接丢弃传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，可选的，还可丢弃传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的剩余数据包，或者，UE的应用层也可根据传输失败的原因确定是否丢弃的数据包，关于这部分内容可参考图3所示的实施例的S307。如果UE的应用层丢弃了数据包，则UE可以UPF发 送第五信息，例如UE通过第二QoS流向UPF发送第五信息。通过第二QoS流发送第五信息，能够提高第五信息的发送成功率。此时的第一通信装置为UE。
UPF接收第五信息后，可根据第五信息生成第二数据包，第二数据包的序号与第五信息指示的数据包的序号相同。UE可将第二数据包发送给UPF的TCP层(或者称为TCP实体，或者称为TCP层)，则UPF的TCP层就认为接收了与已成功接收的数据包的序号连续的数据包。
与图3所示的实施例不同的是，UE虽然丢弃了数据包，但由于UPF自行生成了序号与这些数据包的序号相同的数据包，因此UE无需为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，在网络恢复时，UE继续发送尚未发送的数据包即可。关于UE确定网络恢复的方式，可参考图3所示的实施例。UPF在网络恢复后从UE接收了之前尚未发送的数据包，由于UPF已经构造了被服务器丢弃的数据包，因此UPF的TCP层会认为被UE丢弃的数据包已经收到，则服务器的TCP层不会等待接收这些数据包，而从UE接收的尚未发送的数据包与之前已成功接收的数据包的序号是连续的，则UPF的TCP层会保持接收状态，从而就可以维持UE与UPF之间的TCP连接不断开，相应的就可维持UE与服务器之间的TCP连接不断开。
在本申请实施例中，对于发送端来说，如果在第一QoS流中有传输失败的数据包，则可以将这些数据包中的部分或全部丢弃，相当于不对被丢弃的数据包进行重传，这样发送端的重传次数也不会达到最大重传次数，从而能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。在网络恢复时发送端能够继续通过该传输层的连接传输数据包，无需重新建立传输层的连接，能够提高数据包的传输效率。另外对于接收端来说，如果接收的数据包的序号不连续，则接收端会一直等待接收未接收的数据包，如果等待达到一定的时长，则收发双方的传输层的连接也可能断开。因此本申请实施例中，发送端可向接收端指示发送失败的数据包的序号等信息，接收端可据此自行生成序号与发送失败的数据包的序号相同的数据包，从而接收端会认为所接收的数据包的序号是连续的，这样也能尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。且本申请实施例由UPF执行TCP代理，服务器无需感知数据的传输情况，而是正常发送数据包即可，简化了服务器的实现过程。
在图8所示的实施例或图9所示的实施例中，UE与服务器之间都会建立两个TCP连接来传输第一应用的数据，这需要改动服务器的实现方式。下面介绍本申请实施例提供的第六种通信方法，在该方法中，UE与服务器之间只需建立一个传输层的连接，对于服务器的改动较小。请参考图10，为该方法的流程图。
S1001、服务器向UPF发送下行数据包，相应的，UPF从服务器接收下行数据包。该下行数据包的数量可以是一个或多个，该下行数据包例如为IP包。该下行数据包属于第一应用，第一应用例如为XR应用，或者也可以是其他视频类应用或图像类应用。
关于S1001的更多内容，可参考图7所示的实施例的S701。
S1002、UPF确定执行TCP代理功能。
关于S1002的更多内容，可参考图7所示的实施例的S702。
S1003、UPF确定在UPF与UE之间通过至少两个QoS流传输该TCP连接的数据包。或者说，UPF确定在UPF与UE之间通过至少两个QoS流传输第一应用的数据包。
关于S1003的更多内容，可参考图7所示的实施例的S703。
S1004、UPF与UE之间建立第一连接。
关于S1004的更多内容，可参考图7所示的实施例的S704。
S1005、UPF向接入网设备发送第一请求，相应的，接入网设备接收第一请求。
关于S1005的更多内容，可参考图7所示的实施例的S704。
S1006、UPF通过第一QoS流传输第一子流的数据包。本申请各个实施例所述的数据包例如为IP包。
S1007、UPF通过第二QoS流传输第二子流的数据包。
关于S1006和S1007的更多内容，可参考图7所示的实施例的S705和S706。
S1008、接入网设备发送传输失败的数据包的第二信息，相应的，UPF接收传输失败的数据包的第二信息。
关于S1008的更多内容，可参考图7所示的实施例的S707。
S1009、UPF向UE发送第五信息，相应的，UE从UPF接收第五信息。
第五信息可指示第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部数据包的序号，或者，第五信息用于确定在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部数据包的序号。
或者，第五信息可指示第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号，或者，第五信息可用于确定第一通信装置在第一QoS流中发送失败的部分或全部的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包的序号。
此时第一通信装置例如为UPF。
关于S1009的更多内容，可参考图8所示的实施例的S807。
S1010、UE根据第五信息生成第二数据包，第二数据包的序号与第五信息指示的数据包的序号相同。数据包的序号例如为数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
关于S1010的更多内容，可参考图8所示的实施例的S808。
其中，S1001～S1008是可选的步骤。
如上的各个步骤介绍的是本申请实施例涉及的下行传输的情况，关于本申请实施例涉及的上行传输的情况可参考图9所示的实施例，不多赘述。
在本申请实施例中，对于发送端来说，如果在第一QoS流中有传输失败的数据包，则可以将这些数据包中的部分或全部丢弃，相当于不对被丢弃的数据包进行重传，这样发送端的重传次数也不会达到最大重传次数，从而能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。在网络恢复时发送端能够继续通过该传输层的连接传输数据包，无需重新建立传输层的连接，能够提高数据包的传输效率。另外对于接收端来说，如果接收的数据包的序号不连续，则接收端会一直等待接收未接收的数据包，如果等待达到一定的时长，则收发双方的传输层的连接也可能断开。因此本申请实施例中，发送端可向接收端指示传输失败的数据包的序号等信息，接收端可据此自行生成序号与发送失败的数据包的序号相同的数据包，从而接收端会认为所接收的数据包的序号是连续的，这样也能尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的传输层的连接不断开。且本申请实施例由UPF执行TCP代理，服务器无需感知数据的传输情况，而是正常发送数据包即可，简化了服务器的实现过程。另外本申请实施例由UPF执行TCP代理，服务器无需感知数据的传输情况，而是正常发送数据包即可，简化了服务器的实现过程。
在图7所示的实施例以及图10所示的实施例中都涉及到了建立第一连接，第一连接的一种实现方式为MPTCP连接，下面通过一个实施例来介绍建立MPTCP连接的过程。可参考图11，为该实施例的流程图。
S1101、SMF确定为第一应用建立两个QoS流。
例如SMF可根据第一应用的类型确定为第一应用建立两个QoS流，或者SMF也可以根据其他因素确定为第一应用建立两个QoS流。
S1102、SMF向UPF发送第一会话修改请求消息(session modification request)，相应的，UPF从SMF接收第一会话修改请求消息。第一会话修改请求消息可携带指示建立MPTCP连接的信息。
S1103、UPF向SMF发送第七信息，相应的，SMF从UPF接收第七信息。第七信息例如包括用于建立MPTCP连接的信息，例如第七信息携带在第一会话修改响应消息(session modification response)中。作为一种示例，第七信息包括该MPTCP连接所使用的两个端口号，和/或，包括UPF支持MPTCP代理的信息。这两个端口为UPF上的端口，用于传输该MPTCP连接。
以图11所示的实施例是要为图7所示的实施例建立MPTCP连接为例，例如UPF执行了S703，即，UPF确定在UPF与UE之间通过至少两个QoS流传输第一应用的数据包，则UPF可执行S1103，否则，如果UPF未执行S703，例如UPF确定在UPF与UE之间通过一个QoS流传输第一应用的数据包，则UPF可不执行S1103。
S1104、SMF向AMF发送第八信息，相应的，AMF从SMF接收第八信息。例如第八信息包括S1103所述的用于建立MPTCP连接的信息。
S1105、AMF向UE发送第九信息，相应的，UE从AMF接收第九信息。第九信息例如包括MPTCP连接相关的信息。
S1106、UE根据MPTCP连接相关的信息与UPF建立MPTCP连接。
例如，UE确定第一应用的数据包需要使用至少两个QoS流传输，则UE可执行S1106。如果UE确定第一应用的数据包通过一个QoS流传输，则无需执行S1106。
通过如上过程，UE与UPF之间就建立了MPTCP连接。当然这种建立MPTCP连接的过程只是示例，本申请实施例不限于通过其他方式建立MPTCP连接。
因为图11所示的实施例是可选的实施例，因此图11中的各个步骤均为可选的步骤，在图11中均用实线表示，以便于理解。
综上，通过本申请实施例提供的方案，能够尽量维持发送端与接收端之间的TCP连接不断开，在恢复传输后可继续使用原有的TCP连接，无需新建TCP连接，能够提高数据传输效率，也可以减少由于新建TCP连接而带来的传输开销。
需注意的是，本申请的各个实施例均以通过第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输第一应用的数据流为例。但对于设备(包括接入网设备、UPF、服务器或UE中的一个或多个设备，具体以上述各个实施例的介绍为准)会丢弃传输失败的数据包对应的帧的剩余数据包这种方案来说，也可以通过一个QoS流来传输第一应用的数据流，例如通过一个QoS流来传输第一应用的第一数据流和第二数据流，那么对于图7或图10所示的实施例来说也无需建立第一连接。
例如，第一应用为XR应用。用户通过XR客户端启动了XR应用，则XR客户端(即，UE)与服务器之间建立会话(例如协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话)，建立相应的QoS流(例如第一QoS流和第二QoS流)，从而开始传输数据包，则用户可以观看XR视频。在观看视频的过程中，可能网络质量下降，例如网络出现拥塞的情况，那么接入网设备可能开始丢弃第一QoS流传输的一些数据包，第一QoS流传输P1帧和/或P2帧 对应的数据包。在网络恢复之前，服务器可能不会传输数据包，对于用户来说，可能会出现卡顿的情况，并且由于丢失了一些数据包，因此卡顿的画面的质量可能也不是很好。在网络恢复之后，由于XR客户端与服务器之间的连接没有断掉，服务器可以及时恢复传输。而由于服务器对尚未发送的数据包进行了重新编号，或者XR客户端自行构造了第二数据包，因此XR客户端的传输层(例如TCP层)会认为没有丢失的数据包，则会持续接收数据包，而不会因为一直等待丢失的数据包而导致连接断掉，使得XR客户端与服务器之间的连接得以维持。对于用户来说，可能恢复之后的一帧或几帧可能有效果不好的情况，甚至可能会发现画面不连续，可能有丢失的帧，但是在此之后画面就会恢复正常，而且画面恢复很快，即使有丢失的帧可能影响也不大，能够给用户带来较好的体验。
基于前述的方法实施例，介绍本申请实施例提供的通信装置。
本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置例如包括处理单元和收发单元(或者，称为通信单元)，处理单元可用于实现图3所示的实施例、图6所示的实施例、图7所示的实施例、图8所示的实施例、图9所示的实施例、图10所示的实施例或图11所示的实施例中的任一个实施例所述的UE的处理功能，收发单元可用于实现图3所示的实施例、图6所示的实施例、图7所示的实施例、图8所示的实施例、图9所示的实施例、图10所示的实施例或图11所示的实施例中的任一个实施例所述的UE的全部收发功能或部分收发功能。或者，处理单元可用于实现图3所示的实施例、图6所示的实施例、图7所示的实施例、图8所示的实施例、图9所示的实施例、图10所示的实施例或图11所示的实施例中的任一个实施例所述的网络设备所实现的处理功能，收发单元可用于实现图3所示的实施例、图6所示的实施例、图7所示的实施例、图8所示的实施例、图9所示的实施例、图10所示的实施例或图11所示的实施例中的任一个实施例所述的网络设备的全部收发功能或部分收发功能。所述网络设备例如为服务器或UPF等。具体的功能可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
可选的，处理单元和/或收发单元可通过虚拟模块实现，例如处理单元可通过软件功能单元或虚拟装置实现，收发单元可通过软件功能单元或虚拟装置实现。或者，处理单元和/或收发单元也可通过实体装置(例如电路系统和/或处理器等)实现。对于处理单元和收发单元通过实体装置实现的情况，下面进行介绍。
本申请实施例提供了一种终端设备，该终端设备(为描述方便，称为UE)可用于前述各个实施例中。所述终端设备包括用以实现图3所示的实施例、图6所示的实施例、图7所示的实施例、图8所示的实施例、图9所示的实施例、图10所示的实施例或图11所示的实施例中的任一个实施例所述的终端设备功能的相应的手段(means)、单元和/或电路。例如，终端设备，包括收发模块，用以支持终端设备实现收发功能，和，处理模块，用以支持终端设备对信号进行处理。
图12给出了本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图。
该终端设备1200可适用于图2所示的架构中。为了便于说明，图12仅示出了终端设备1200的主要部件。如图12所示，终端设备1200包括处理器、存储器、控制电路、天线以及输入输出装置。处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个终端设备1200进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。控制电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏，显示屏，麦克风，键 盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。
以终端设备1200是手机为例，当终端设备1200开机后，处理器可以读取存储单元中的软件程序，解释并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至控制电路，控制电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到终端设备1200时，控制电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
本领域技术人员可以理解，为了便于说明，图12仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在一些实施例中，终端设备1200可以包括多个处理器和存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
作为一种可选的实现方式，处理器可以包括基带处理器和中央处理器，基带处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器主要用于对整个终端设备1200进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。图12中的处理器集成了基带处理器和中央处理器的功能，本领域技术人员可以理解，基带处理器和中央处理器也可以是各自独立的处理器，通过总线等技术互联。终端设备1200可以包括多个基带处理器以适应不同的网络制式，终端设备1200可以包括多个中央处理器以增强其处理能力，终端设备1200的各个部件可以通过各种总线连接。所述基带处理器也可以表述为基带处理电路或者基带处理芯片。所述中央处理器也可以表述为中央处理电路或者中央处理芯片。对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理的功能可以内置在处理器中，也可以以软件程序的形式存储在存储单元中，由处理器执行软件程序以实现基带处理功能。
在一个例子中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和控制电路视为终端设备1200的收发单元1210，将具有处理功能的处理器视为终端设备1200的处理单元1220。如图12所示，终端设备1200包括收发单元1210和处理单元1220。收发单元也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。可选的，可以将收发单元1210中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元1210中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元1210包括接收单元和发送单元。示例性的，接收单元也可以称为接收机、接收器、接收电路等，发送单元可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。
如图13所示，为本申请提供的一种装置示意图，该装置1300可以是网络设备，或者是设置在网络设备内的电路系统(例如芯片系统)。该网络设备可用于前述各个实施例中。所述网络设备包括用以实现图3所示的实施例、图6所示的实施例、图7所示的实施例、图8所示的实施例、图9所示的实施例、图10所示的实施例或图11所示的实施例中的任一个实施例所述的例如网络设备的功能的手段(means)、单元和/或电路。例如，网络设备包括收发模块，用以支持网络设备实现收发功能，和，处理模块，用以支持网络设备对信号进行处理。该网络设备例如为前述实施例中的服务器或UPF等。
该装置1300包括至少一个处理器1301，通信线路1302，以及至少一个通信接口1304。作为一种可选的实施方式，该装置1300还可以包括存储器1303。因为存储器1303不是必须包括的功能模块，而只是可选包括的功能模块，因此在图13中用虚线框表示。
处理器1301可以包括一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信线路1302可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
通信接口1304，使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)，有线接入网等。
存储器1303可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器1303可以是独立存在，通过通信线路1302与处理器1301相连接。或者，存储器1303也可以和处理器1301集成在一起。
其中，存储器1303用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器1301来控制执行。处理器1301用于执行存储器1303中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请上述实施例提供的通信方法。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器1301可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图13中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，装置1300可以包括多个处理器，例如图13中的处理器1301和处理器1308。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
当图13所示的装置为芯片时，例如是策略控制功能网元的芯片，或会话管理功能网元的芯片，或移动性管理功能网元的芯片，或接入网网元的芯片，或终端设备的芯片，则该芯片包括处理器1301(还可以包括处理器1308)、通信线路1302、存储器1303和通信接口1304。具体地，通信接口1304可以是输入接口、管脚或电路等。存储器1303可以是寄存器、缓存等。处理器1301和处理器1308可以是一个通用的CPU，微处理器，ASIC，或一个或多个用于控制上述任一实施例的通信方法的程序执行的集成电路。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实 现本实施例方案的目的。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的计算机可读存储介质，可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。以此为例但不限于：计算机可读介质可以包括随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read only memory，EEPROM)、紧凑型光盘只读存储器(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)、通用串行总线闪存盘(universal serial bus flash disk)、移动硬盘、或其他光盘存储、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质。另外，通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)或直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请实施例的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请实施例揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请实施例的保护范围之内。因此，本申请实施例的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。
实施例1.一种通信方法，包括：
确定在第一服务质量QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；
丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，并为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得所述尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包的序号连续。
实施例2.根据实施例1所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
丢弃所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的剩余数据包，所述剩余数据包为所述帧对应的全部数据包中除了所述传输失败的数据包外的数据包。
实施例3.根据实施例1或2所述的方法，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流传输的数据包的重要程度低于所述第二QoS流传输的数据包的重要程度。
实施例4.根据实施例1～3任一项所述的方法，所述第一信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包的传输控制协议TCP层的序号或互联网协议IP层的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
实施例5.根据实施例1～4任一项所述的方法，确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包 的第一信息，包括：
接收所述第一信息；或，
根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况，确定所述第一信息；或，
接收在所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第二信息，并根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息。
实施例6.根据实施例5所述的方法，所述第二信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包对应的通用分组无线业务隧道传输协议GTP包头的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
实施例7.根据实施例6所述的方法，所述第二信息包括所述M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，则，根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息，包括：
将所述GTP包头的序号映射为所述TCP层的序号或所述IP层的序号，以得到所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
实施例8.根据实施例1～7任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
通过第二QoS流重传N个数据包，所述N个数据包属于所述传输失败的数据包，且所述N个数据包是第一应用的一帧图像对应的部分数据包。
实施例9.根据实施例1～8任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
在确定网络恢复正常时，发送所述尚未发送的数据包；或，
在第一定时器超时时，发送所述尚未发送的数据包。
实施例10.根据实施例9所述的方法，确定网络恢复正常，包括：
接收第六信息，所述第六信息用于指示所述网络恢复正常，或用于指示发送数据包。
实施例11.根据实施例9所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
接收第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述第一定时器的定时时长；或，
根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况，确定所述第一定时器的定时时长。
实施例12.根据实施例1～11任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
接收第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示传输失败的原因，或，根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况确定传输失败的原因；
根据所述传输失败的原因，确定丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部。
实施例13.根据实施例12所述的方法，所述传输失败的原因包括以下的一种或多种：网络拥塞，网络资源不足，或，丢弃低优先级数据包。
实施例14.根据实施例1～13任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
向所述接入网设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求获取所述第一QoS流的传输信息，所述第一QoS流的传输信息用于指示所述第一QoS流中的数据包传输失败，或指示所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包。
实施例15.根据实施例1～14任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
确定所述第一应用的数据通过至少两个QoS流传输；
与所述至少两个QoS流的接收端建立第一连接，所述第一连接包括至少两个子流，所述至少两个子流在至少两个QoS流上传输，所述至少两个QoS流包括所述第一QoS流。
实施例16.一种通信方法，包括：
向接入网设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求订阅第一服务质量QoS流的传输信息，所述第一QoS流的传输信息用于指示所述第一QoS流传输失败，或指示所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包。
实施例17.根据实施例16所述的方法，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流的服务质量低于所述第二QoS流。
实施例18.根据16或17所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
从所述接入网设备接收所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第二信息；
根据所述第二信息确定所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；
向应用服务器发送所述第一信息，所述应用服务器与所述第一应用对应。
实施例19.根据18所述的方法，所述第二信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包对应的通用分组无线业务隧道传输协议GTP包头的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
实施例20.根据实施例19所述的方法，所述第二信息包括所述M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，则，根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息，包括：
将所述GTP包头的序号映射为传输控制协议TCP层的序号或互联网协议IP层的序号，以得到所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
实施例21.根据实施例18～20任一项所述的方法，所述第一信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
实施例22.一种通信方法，包括：
从第一通信装置接收第五信息，所述第五信息用于指示所述第一通信装置在第一服务质量QoS流中发送失败的数据包；
根据所述第五信息生成第二数据包，所述第二数据包的序号与所述发送失败的数据包的序号相同。
实施例23.根据实施例22所述的方法，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流的服务质量低于所述第二QoS流。
实施例24.根据实施例22或23所述的方法，接收第五信息，包括：
通过第二QoS流从所述第一通信装置接收所述第五信息。
实施例25.一种通信装置，包括：
处理单元，用于确定在第一服务质量QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；
所述处理单元，还用于丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，并为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得所述尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包的序号连续。
实施例26.根据实施例25所述的通信装置，所述处理单元，还用于丢弃所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的剩余数据包，所述剩余数据包为所述帧对应的全部数据包中除了所述传输失败的数据包外的数据包。
实施例27.根据实施例25或26所述的通信装置，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS 流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流传输的数据包的重要程度低于所述第二QoS流传输的数据包的重要程度。
实施例28.根据实施例25～27任一项所述的通信装置，所述第一信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包的传输控制协议TCP层的序号或互联网协议IP层的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
实施例29.根据实施例25～28任一项所述的通信装置，所述通信装置还包括接收单元；所述处理单元用于通过如下方式确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息：
接收所述第一信息；或，
根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况，确定所述第一信息；或，
通过所述接收单元接收在所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第二信息，并根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息。
实施例30.根据实施例29所述的通信装置，所述第二信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包对应的通用分组无线业务隧道传输协议GTP包头的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
实施例31.根据实施例30所述的通信装置，所述第二信息包括所述M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，则，所述处理单元用于通过如下方式根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息：将所述GTP包头的序号映射为所述TCP层的序号或所述IP层的序号，以得到所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
实施例32.根据实施例25～31任一项所述的通信装置，所述通信装置还包括发送单元，用于通过第二QoS流重传N个数据包(或，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述发送单元通过第二QoS流重传N个数据包)，所述N个数据包属于所述传输失败的数据包，且所述N个数据包是第一应用的一帧图像对应的部分数据包。
实施例33.根据实施例25～32任一项所述的通信装置，所述通信装置还包括发送单元；
所述发送单元，用于在确定网络恢复正常时，发送所述尚未发送的数据包(或，所述处理单元，还用于在确定网络恢复正常时，通过所述发送单元发送所述尚未发送的数据包)；或，
所述发送单元，用于在第一定时器超时时，发送所述尚未发送的数据包(或，所述处理单元，还用于在第一定时器超时时，通过所述发送单元发送所述尚未发送的数据包)。
实施例34.根据实施例33所述的通信装置，所述通信装置还包括接收单元，所述处理单元用于通过如下方式确定网络恢复正常：
通过所述接收单元接收第六信息，所述第六信息用于指示所述网络恢复正常，或用于指示发送数据包。
实施例35.根据实施例33所述的通信装置，所述通信装置还包括接收单元；
所述接收单元，用于接收第三信息(或，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述接收单元接收第三信息)，所述第三信息用于指示所述第一定时器的定时时长；或，
所述处理单元，还用于根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况，确定所述第一定时器的 定时时长。
实施例36.根据实施例25～35任一项所述的通信装置，所述通信装置还包括接收单元；
所述接收单元，用于接收第四信息(或，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述接收单元接收第四信息)，所述第四信息用于指示传输失败的原因；或，所述处理单元，还用于根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况确定传输失败的原因；
所述处理单元，还用于根据所述传输失败的原因，确定丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部。
实施例37.根据实施例36所述的通信装置，所述传输失败的原因包括以下的一种或多种：网络拥塞，网络资源不足，或，丢弃低优先级数据包。
实施例38.根据实施例25～37任一项所述的通信装置，所述通信装置还包括发送单元，用于向所述接入网设备发送第一请求(或，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述发送单元向所述接入网设备发送第一请求)，所述第一请求用于请求获取所述第一QoS流的传输信息，所述第一QoS流的传输信息用于指示所述第一QoS流中的数据包传输失败，或指示所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包。
实施例39.根据实施例25～38任一项所述的通信装置，所述处理单元还用于：
确定所述第一应用的数据通过至少两个QoS流传输；
与所述至少两个QoS流的接收端建立第一连接，所述第一连接包括至少两个子流，所述至少两个子流在至少两个QoS流上传输，所述至少两个QoS流包括所述第一QoS流。
实施例40.一种通信装置，包括：
发送单元，用于向接入网设备发送第一请求(或，处理单元，用于通过发送单元向接入网设备发送第一请求)，所述第一请求用于请求订阅第一服务质量QoS流的传输信息，所述第一QoS流的传输信息用于指示所述第一QoS流传输失败，或指示所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包。
实施例41.根据实施例40所述的通信装置，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流的服务质量低于所述第二QoS流。
实施例42.根据40或41所述的通信装置，所述通信装置还包括接收单元；
所述接收单元，用于从所述接入网设备接收所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第二信息(或，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述接收单元从所述接入网设备接收所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第二信息)；
所述处理单元，还用于根据所述第二信息确定所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；
所述发送单元，还用于向应用服务器发送所述第一信息(或，所述处理单元，还用于通过所述发送单元向应用服务器发送所述第一信息)，所述应用服务器与所述第一应用对应。
实施例43.根据42所述的通信装置，所述第二信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包对应的通用分组无线业务隧道传输协议GTP包头的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
实施例44.根据实施例43所述的通信装置，所述第二信息包括所述M个数据包对应的 GTP包头的序号，则，所述处理单元用于通过如下方式根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息：将所述GTP包头的序号映射为传输控制协议TCP层的序号或互联网协议IP层的序号，以得到所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
实施例45.根据实施例41～44任一项所述的通信装置，所述第一信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
实施例46.一种通信装置，包括：
接收单元，用于从第一通信装置接收第五信息(或，处理单元，用于通过接收单元从第一通信装置接收第五信息)，所述第五信息用于指示所述第一通信装置在第一服务质量QoS流中发送失败的数据包；
处理单元，用于根据所述第五信息生成第二数据包，所述第二数据包的序号与所述发送失败的数据包的序号相同。
实施例47.根据实施例46所述的通信装置，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流的服务质量低于所述第二QoS流。
实施例48.根据实施例46或47所述的通信装置，所述接收单元用于通过如下方式接收第五信息：通过第二QoS流从所述第一通信装置接收所述第五信息(或，所述处理单元，用于按照如下方式通过所述接收单元接收第五信息：通过所述接收单元，通过第二QoS流从所述第一通信装置接收所述第五信息)。
实施例49.一种装置，包含用于执行本申请任一实施例所介绍的方法的单元。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定在第一服务质量QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；
    丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部，并为尚未发送的数据包重新设置序号，使得所述尚未发送的数据包与发送成功的数据包的序号连续。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    丢弃所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的剩余数据包，所述剩余数据包为所述帧对应的全部数据包中除了所述传输失败的数据包外的数据包。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流传输的数据包的重要程度低于所述第二QoS流传输的数据包的重要程度。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包的传输控制协议TCP层的序号或互联网协议IP层的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，确定在第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息，包括：
    接收所述第一信息；或，
    根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况，确定所述第一信息；或，
    接收在所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第二信息，并根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包对应的通用分组无线业务隧道传输协议GTP包头的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括所述M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，则，根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息，包括：
    将所述GTP包头的序号映射为所述TCP层的序号或所述IP层的序号，以得到所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
  8. 根据权利要求1～7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    通过第二QoS流重传N个数据包，所述N个数据包属于所述传输失败的数据包，且所述N个数据包是第一应用的一帧图像对应的部分数据包。
  9. 根据权利要求1～8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在确定网络恢复正常时，发送所述尚未发送的数据包；或，
    在第一定时器超时时，发送所述尚未发送的数据包。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，确定网络恢复正常，包括：
    接收第六信息，所述第六信息用于指示所述网络恢复正常，或用于指示发送数据包。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述第一定时器的定时时长；或，
    根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况，确定所述第一定时器的定时时长。
  12. 根据权利要求1～11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示传输失败的原因，或，根据所述第一QoS流的数据发送情况确定传输失败的原因；
    根据所述传输失败的原因，确定丢弃所述传输失败的数据包中的部分或全部。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述传输失败的原因包括以下的一种或多种：网络拥塞，网络资源不足，或，丢弃低优先级数据包。
  14. 根据权利要求1～13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述接入网设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求获取所述第一QoS流的传输信息，所述第一QoS流的传输信息用于指示所述第一QoS流中的数据包传输失败，或指示所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包。
  15. 根据权利要求1～14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定所述第一应用的数据通过至少两个QoS流传输；
    与所述至少两个QoS流的接收端建立第一连接，所述第一连接包括至少两个子流，所述至少两个子流在至少两个QoS流上传输，所述至少两个QoS流包括所述第一QoS流。
  16. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    向接入网设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求订阅第一服务质量QoS流的传输信息，所述第一QoS流的传输信息用于指示所述第一QoS流传输失败，或指示所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流的服务质量低于所述第二QoS流。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    从所述接入网设备接收所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第二信息；
    根据所述第二信息确定所述第一QoS流中传输失败的数据包的第一信息；
    向应用服务器发送所述第一信息，所述应用服务器与所述第一应用对应。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包对应的通用分组无线业务隧道传输协议GTP包头的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包，或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括所述M个数据包对应的GTP包头的序号，则，根据所述第二信息确定所述第一信息，包括：
    将所述GTP包头的序号映射为传输控制协议TCP层的序号或互联网协议IP层的序号，以得到所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号。
  21. 根据权利要求18～20任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括以下一种或多种信息：所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的帧号，所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧的类型，所述传输失败的数据包在帧内的位置，所述传输失败的数据包的个数，或，M个数据包的TCP层的序号或IP层的序号；其中，所述M个数据包为所述传输失败的数据包， 或为所述传输失败的数据包对应的帧所对应的全部数据包。
  22. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    从第一通信装置接收第五信息，所述第五信息用于指示所述第一通信装置在第一服务质量QoS流中发送失败的数据包；
    根据所述第五信息生成第二数据包，所述第二数据包的序号与所述发送失败的数据包的序号相同。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，第一应用的数据通过所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流传输，所述第一QoS流的服务质量低于所述第二QoS流。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的方法，其特征在于，接收第五信息，包括：
    通过第二QoS流从所述第一通信装置接收所述第五信息。
  25. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括：
    一个或多个处理器；
    一个或多个存储器；
    以及一个或多个计算机程序，其中所述一个或多个计算机程序被存储在所述一个或多个存储器中，所述一个或多个计算机程序包括指令，当所述指令被所述通信设备的一个或多个处理器执行时，使得所述通信设备执行如权利要求1～15中任一项所述的方法，或使得所述通信设备执行如权利要求16～21中任一项所述的方法，或使得所述通信设备执行如权利要求22～24中任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1～15中任一项所述的方法，或使得所述计算机执行如权利要求16～21中任一项所述的方法，或使得所述计算机执行如权利要求22～24中任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括一个或多个处理器和通信接口，所述一个或多个处理器用于读取指令，以执行如权利要求1～15中任一项所述的方法，或执行如权利要求16～21中任一项所述的方法，或执行如权利要求22～24中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2022/083416 2021-04-09 2022-03-28 一种通信方法及设备 WO2022213836A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22783903.2A EP4311298A4 (en) 2021-04-09 2022-03-28 COMMUNICATION METHOD AND DEVICE
US18/481,076 US20240031861A1 (en) 2021-04-09 2023-10-04 Communication method and device

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110382419 2021-04-09
CN202110382419.8 2021-04-09
CN202110652968.2A CN115250506A (zh) 2021-04-09 2021-06-11 一种通信方法及设备
CN202110652968.2 2021-06-11

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/481,076 Continuation US20240031861A1 (en) 2021-04-09 2023-10-04 Communication method and device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022213836A1 true WO2022213836A1 (zh) 2022-10-13

Family

ID=83545159

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/083416 WO2022213836A1 (zh) 2021-04-09 2022-03-28 一种通信方法及设备

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20240031861A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4311298A4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2022213836A1 (zh)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107094069A (zh) * 2017-01-20 2017-08-25 电子科技大学 基于二进制指数退避的认知无线电智能电网监控数据压缩接入算法
CN109412771A (zh) * 2018-04-04 2019-03-01 华为技术有限公司 通信方法和装置
CN109462643A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2019-03-12 南京东大智能化系统有限公司 一种基于边缘计算的物联网数据获取方法
US20200337111A1 (en) * 2017-11-17 2020-10-22 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Network Node, Radio Network Node and Methods Performed Therein for Handling One or More Protocol Data Unit (PDU) Sessions
WO2021056151A1 (zh) * 2019-09-23 2021-04-01 华为技术有限公司 一种多播传输控制方法以及相关设备

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114885375B (zh) * 2016-08-09 2024-08-09 三星电子株式会社 无线通信系统中管理用户平面操作的方法和装置
US10805836B2 (en) * 2017-05-05 2020-10-13 Qualcomm Incorporated Packet duplication at a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) entity

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107094069A (zh) * 2017-01-20 2017-08-25 电子科技大学 基于二进制指数退避的认知无线电智能电网监控数据压缩接入算法
US20200337111A1 (en) * 2017-11-17 2020-10-22 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Network Node, Radio Network Node and Methods Performed Therein for Handling One or More Protocol Data Unit (PDU) Sessions
CN109412771A (zh) * 2018-04-04 2019-03-01 华为技术有限公司 通信方法和装置
CN109462643A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2019-03-12 南京东大智能化系统有限公司 一种基于边缘计算的物联网数据获取方法
WO2021056151A1 (zh) * 2019-09-23 2021-04-01 华为技术有限公司 一种多播传输控制方法以及相关设备

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4311298A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20240031861A1 (en) 2024-01-25
EP4311298A4 (en) 2024-09-18
EP4311298A1 (en) 2024-01-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11677689B2 (en) Data processing method and apparatus
WO2019184651A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
WO2022088833A1 (zh) 用于传输媒体流的数据包的方法和通信装置
WO2013029521A1 (zh) 用于数据传输的方法、分流点设备、用户终端和系统
US20220368782A1 (en) Baseband chip and method for layer 2 downlink data processing
CN114979839B (zh) 一种传输控制协议代理方法及通信装置
WO2021238318A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
CN115250506A (zh) 一种通信方法及设备
WO2014172896A1 (zh) 一种数据传输的方法、基站和无线通信设备
WO2022022471A1 (zh) 一种媒体流切换方法及装置
CN115250537A (zh) 一种通信方法及设备
WO2022052102A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
US20230224253A1 (en) Communication method and apparatus
WO2022213836A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及设备
EP4271036A1 (en) Communication method and apparatus
WO2022126437A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
CN115551019A (zh) 数据流的传输方法和传输装置
WO2022213848A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及设备
WO2023093696A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
WO2023210705A1 (ja) 通信制御方法
WO2022027311A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
WO2024016279A1 (zh) 通信方法、装置、设备、存储介质、芯片、产品及程序
US20240305574A1 (en) Quality of service qos management method and apparatus
WO2024060991A1 (zh) 一种多路径的数据流引流方法及装置
WO2024055871A1 (zh) 一种通信系统中传输数据的方法和通信装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22783903

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2022783903

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022783903

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20231019

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE