WO2022213640A1 - 一种缝纫机控制装置及其控制方法 - Google Patents

一种缝纫机控制装置及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022213640A1
WO2022213640A1 PCT/CN2021/135974 CN2021135974W WO2022213640A1 WO 2022213640 A1 WO2022213640 A1 WO 2022213640A1 CN 2021135974 W CN2021135974 W CN 2021135974W WO 2022213640 A1 WO2022213640 A1 WO 2022213640A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
presser foot
sewing machine
stitch length
stitch
feeding
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PCT/CN2021/135974
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何明金
祝书伟
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杰克科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022213640A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022213640A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05B—SEWING
    • D05B29/00—Pressers; Presser feet
    • D05B29/02—Presser-control devices
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05B—SEWING
    • D05B27/00—Work-feeding means
    • D05B27/22—Work-feeding means with means for setting length of stitch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of sewing machines, in particular to a sewing machine control device and a control method thereof.
  • sewing machines have two functions of stitch length adjustment and presser foot lift.
  • the stitch length adjustment function and the presser foot lift function are independent of each other and will not affect each other.
  • the stitch length adjustment part and the presser foot lifter are all controlled manually. If you need to adjust the stitch length, first stop the machine and manually rotate the stitch length adjustment knob. If you need to lift the presser foot, Knee leaning on the presser foot assembly, the above operation method is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In the form of an increasingly accelerated production rhythm, this method is increasingly unable to meet customer requirements.
  • the sewing machine in the prior art also has the function of adjusting the stitch length only through a stepping motor, a stepping motor or an electromagnet only realizing the function of lifting the presser foot, and a stepping motor. At the same time, it realizes the functions of adjusting the needle distance and lifting the presser foot.
  • a sewing machine disclosed in the description of the Chinese invention patent application with the application number of 202010634540.0 adopts a stepping motor to realize the functions of adjusting the stitch length and lifting the presser foot at the same time.
  • this sewing machine has the problem of mutual influence between the needle pitch adjustment and the lifting of the presser foot.
  • the biggest problem is that the feed dog moves back and forth during the lifting and lowering of the presser foot.
  • the front and rear movements drive the sewing material to move back and forth, thereby changing the position of the needle drop point and affecting the special sewing process.
  • some sewing machines will also have the phenomenon of back dragging of the sewing material at the beginning of the sewing (that is, the feeding dog drives the sewing material to move backward), which affects the sewing quality.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sewing machine control device and a control method thereof, in which the feed dog remains stationary during the lifting and lowering of the presser foot.
  • the sewing machine control method includes the following steps:
  • the sewing machine is equipped with at least a main shaft, a tooth frame, a feed dog installed on the tooth frame, a tooth lifting unit connected between the main shaft and one end of the tooth frame, a feeding unit connected between the main shaft and the other end of the tooth frame, a driving pressure
  • the presser foot lifting mechanism with the foot lifted up, the driving motor, the stitch length adjusting cam and the presser foot lifting cam which are all driven and rotated by the driving motor, the stitch length adjusting transmission unit, and the presser foot lifting transmission unit, the feeding unit has a
  • the feeding swing seat rotates around the first fixed swing fulcrum.
  • the angle of the feeding swing seat determines the stitch length of the sewing machine.
  • the stitch length adjusting cam is connected to the feeding swing seat through the stitch length adjusting transmission unit.
  • the presser foot lifting transmission unit is connected with the presser foot lifting mechanism;
  • the rotation angle of the motor shaft of the driving motor has at least a stitch-distance adjustment corner area and a presser foot lifting corner area that are independent of each other;
  • the sewing machine is in the sewing state, the motor shaft of the driving motor rotates to a corner within the stitch-distance adjusting corner area, and the driving motor maintains the feeding swing seat at an angle through the stitch-distance adjusting cam and the stitch-distance adjusting transmission unit, and the sewing machine Has an effective stitch length;
  • the sewing machine is in the state of adjusting the stitch length, the motor shaft of the driving motor rotates in the stitch length adjusting corner area, there is power transmission between the stitch length adjusting cam and the stitch length adjusting transmission unit, and the presser foot lifter cam and There is no power transmission between the presser foot lifting transmission units, and the drive motor changes the angle of the feeding swing seat through the stitch distance adjustment cam and the needle distance adjustment transmission unit;
  • the sewing machine is in the parking state, the sewing machine sews the last stitch, the spindle enters the last cycle until it rotates to the angle of the needle stop position, and the sewing machine stops;
  • the sewing machine is in the state of lifting the presser foot, the motor shaft of the driving motor runs in the corner area of the presser foot, and there is no power transmission between the stitch length adjusting cam and the stitch length adjusting transmission unit, and the presser foot lifting cam and There is power transmission between the presser foot lifter transmission units, and the drive motor drives the presser foot lifter unit to act through the presser foot lifter cam and the presser foot lifter transmission unit.
  • the stitch adjustment transmission unit comprises a stitch adjustment crank capable of rotating around the second fixed swing fulcrum, a stitch adjustment ball rotatably installed at one end of the stitch adjustment crank, and a stitch adjustment connecting rod.
  • the two ends of the needle distance adjustment connecting rod are respectively hinged with the other end of the needle distance adjustment crank and the feeding swing seat, the needle distance adjustment cam is provided with a needle distance adjustment contour surface, and the needle distance adjustment contour surface has at least a needle distance adjustment variable.
  • the diameter groove section and the lifter foot avoid the equal diameter groove section;
  • the stitch-length adjusting ball is matched with the equal-diameter groove section avoided by the lifter foot.
  • the needle distance adjustment contour surface of the needle distance adjustment cam also includes a transition reduction groove section connected between the needle distance adjustment reduction groove section and the presser foot avoidance equal diameter groove section, and the motor of the driving motor.
  • the corner of the shaft also has a transition corner area arranged between the stitch distance adjustment corner area and the presser foot lift corner area, the transition corner area has a stitch distance adjustment end point connected with the end point of the stitch distance adjustment corner area, and a stitch length adjustment end point connected with the presser foot lifter.
  • the starting point of the lifting foot connected to the starting point of the corner area; when the motor shaft of the driving motor rotates from the starting point of the stitch adjustment corner area to the stitch adjustment end point of the transition corner area, the stitch length value of the sewing machine will change from the minimum negative needle
  • the stitch distance gradually increases to the maximum positive stitch length; when the motor shaft of the drive motor rotates from the end point of stitch length adjustment in the transition corner area to the starting point of the presser foot lift in the transition corner area, the stitch length value of the sewing machine will increase from the maximum positive value.
  • the value stitch gradually decreases to a certain positive value stitch greater than zero;
  • the sewing machine control method further includes the following steps:
  • the sewing machine sews the first needle, the main shaft enters the first cycle, and the first cycle of the main shaft has the range of the tooth lifting angle corresponding to the feeding dog above the needle plate and starting from the angle of the needle stop position.
  • the motor shaft of the driving motor is reversed from the starting point of the presser foot lift in the transition corner area to the set corner in the stitch adjustment corner area, and the stitch length of the sewing machine is The value gradually increases from the specific positive stitch length to the maximum positive stitch length, and then gradually decreases to the set stitch length;
  • the presser foot lifter transmission unit includes a presser foot lifter drive crank that can rotate around the third fixed swing fulcrum, a presser foot lifter ball rotatably installed at one end of the presser foot lifter drive crank, and a presser foot lifter ejector rod, Both ends of the presser foot lifter rod are respectively connected with the other end of the presser foot lifter driving crank and the presser foot lifter mechanism;
  • the presser foot lifter cam is provided with a presser foot lifter contour surface, and the presser foot lifter contour surface has at least a The presser foot lifter variable diameter area, the stitch distance avoidance equal diameter area, and the transition equal diameter area connected between the presser foot lifter variable diameter area and the stitch distance avoidance equal diameter area;
  • a cam groove is formed in the stitch length adjusting cam, and the stitch length adjusting contour surface is a groove wall of the cam groove.
  • stitch length adjustment profile surface is the outer peripheral surface of the stitch length adjustment cam.
  • the feeding unit includes a feeding shaft parallel to the main shaft in the sewing machine, a first feeding transmission assembly connected between the main shaft and the feeding shaft in the sewing machine, and a second feeding shaft connected between the feeding shaft and the tooth frame in the sewing machine.
  • a transmission assembly the first feeding transmission assembly includes a feeding eccentric fixed on the main shaft, a feeding connecting rod, a first swinging plate, a second swinging plate, a feeding crank fixed on the feeding shaft, and the feeding swing seat,
  • One end of the feeding link is rotatably sleeved on the outer circumference of the feeding eccentric, the other end of the feeding link, one end of the first swing plate, and one end of the second swing plate are coaxially hinged, and the first The other end of the swinging plate is hinged with the feeding crank, and the other end of the second swinging plate is hinged with the feeding swinging seat.
  • the presser foot lifting mechanism includes a right lever that can be rotated around the fourth fixed swing fulcrum, a presser foot lift rod, a left lever that can be rotated around the fifth fixed swing fulcrum, a presser foot lifting plate, a pressure rod guide, and a pressing rod extending up and down, one end of the right lever is connected with the presser foot lifter transmission unit, the other end of the right lever is hinged with one end of the presser foot lifter rod, and the other end of the presser foot lifter rod is connected with the left lever. One end is hinged, and the other end of the left lever is hinged with the upper end of the lifting plate for lifting the presser foot.
  • the pressing rod guide frame is fixed on the upper end of the pressing rod, and the pressing foot is installed on the lower end of the pressing rod.
  • the sewing machine is also provided with a knee-resting ejector rod, and the upper end of the knee-resting ejector rod is connected with the right lever.
  • the sewing machine control method involved in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present application also realizes that the stitch length adjustment transmission unit does not move during the process of lifting the presser foot, thereby ensuring that the feed dog is kept in the process of lifting the presser foot and lowering the presser foot. If it does not move, the stitch length of the sewing machine will not change, so that the needle drop point will remain unchanged, and it will not affect the garment sewing process that requires accurate needle drop points to meet the requirements of special sewing processes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a sewing machine in the sewing machine control method of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stitch length adjustment transmission unit in Embodiment 1 of the sewing machine.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stitch length adjusting cam in Embodiment 1 of the sewing machine.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a presser foot lifting transmission unit and a presser foot lifting mechanism in the first embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a presser foot lifting cam in Embodiment 1 of the sewing machine.
  • 6a to 6d are schematic diagrams of the process of adjusting the stitch length of the first embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a stitch length curve and a schematic diagram of a presser foot height curve in Embodiment 1 of the sewing machine.
  • Fig. 8 is a graph showing the tooth height of the feed dog when the main shaft rotates in the first embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • FIG. 9 is a motion trajectory diagram of the feeding dog in the first embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the movement track of the feeding dog when the needle distance is adjusted in the first embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the change of the stitch length in the process of lifting the presser foot in the first embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • Fig. 12 is a control flow chart of the sewing machine in the first embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the sewing machine in the sewing machine control method of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission unit for adjusting the stitch length in the second embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a stitch length adjusting cam in Embodiment 2 of the sewing machine.
  • 16a to 16d are schematic diagrams of the process of adjusting the stitch length of the second embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • 17 is a schematic diagram of a stitch length curve and a presser foot height curve diagram in the second embodiment of the sewing machine.
  • the present application provides a sewing machine control device and a control method thereof, which are used in a sewing machine, and the type of the sewing machine is a lockstitch machine. Further, the sewing machine is equipped with a casing, a main shaft rotatably installed in the casing, and a main motor for driving the main shaft to rotate.
  • the casing, the main shaft and the main motor are not shown in FIG. 1 .
  • each direction is defined as follows: the axial direction of the main shaft is defined as the left-right direction, and the direction of the main shaft toward the machine head (ie, the needle side) is the left direction, and the direction toward the machine tail is the right direction.
  • the sewing machine control method involved in the present application has two embodiments of the applied sewing machine; the following describes the sewing machine control method and the two embodiments of the sewing machine.
  • control method of the sewing machine used in the first embodiment of the sewing machine of the present application includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 in addition to the configuration of the above-mentioned casing, the main shaft and the main motor in the first embodiment of the sewing machine, as shown in FIG.
  • the tooth lifting unit between the rear ends of the frame, the feeding unit connected between the main shaft and the front end of the tooth frame, the pressing foot lifting mechanism that drives the presser foot 20 to lift up, and the driving motor 30 fixed to the sewing machine casing are all driven by the driving motor. 30.
  • the tooth lift unit and the feeding unit constitute the feeding mechanism of the sewing machine.
  • the main shaft drives the tooth frame and the feeding through the feeding unit.
  • the tooth moves back and forth back and forth, and the spindle drives the tooth frame and the feed dog to move up and down through the tooth lift unit, so the feed dog performs a compound motion of back and forth reciprocation and up and down reciprocation, and the movement trajectory of the feed dog is roughly elliptical, as shown in Figure 9 .
  • the feeding unit has a feeding swinging seat 61 that can rotate around the first fixed swinging fulcrum.
  • the angle of the feeding swinging seat 61 determines the stitch length of the sewing machine.
  • the support pin is fixed in the bottom plate of the sewing machine, and the support pin constitutes the first fixed swing fulcrum of the feeding swing seat 61 .
  • the stitch length adjusting cam 40 and the presser foot lifting cam 50 are both fixed on the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 by screws, and are directly driven to rotate by the driving motor 30, which is connected in communication with the electric control module of the sewing machine.
  • the needle distance adjusting cam 40 is connected with the feeding swing base 61 through the needle distance adjusting transmission unit, and the presser foot lifting cam 50 is connected with the presser foot lifting mechanism through the presser foot lifting transmission unit.
  • FIG. 7 shows the stitch length curve Y1 and the presser foot height curve Y2 within the range of the motor shaft of the drive motor 30 rotating by 360°, wherein the abscissa is the motor shaft rotation angle ⁇ of the drive motor 30, and the ordinate is the needle Distance from L and presser foot height h. As shown in FIG.
  • the rotation angle of the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 has at least a stitch adjustment corner area X1 and a presser foot lifting corner area X2 that are independent of each other;
  • the range of the stitch adjustment corner area X1 is ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 2
  • the range of the presser foot lifting corner area X2 is ⁇ 3 to ⁇ 4, and 0° ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 360°.
  • Step S2 after the sewing machine is turned on for sewing, the sewing machine is in the sewing state, the electric control module of the sewing machine controls the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 to rotate to a corner in the stitch-distance adjusting corner area X1, and the driving motor 30 adjusts the stitch length through the stitch-distance adjusting cam 40 and the stitch length. Adjust the transmission unit to keep the feeding swing seat 61 at an angle, and the sewing machine has a stable effective stitch length.
  • Step S3 when the sewing machine adjusts the stitch length, the sewing machine is in the state of adjusting the stitch length, and the electric control module of the sewing machine controls the motor shaft of the drive motor 30 to run in the stitch length adjustment corner area X1, then the stitch length adjustment cam 40 and the stitch length adjustment drive There is power transmission between the units, and the drive motor 30 changes the angle of the feeding swing seat 61 through the stitch adjustment cam 40 and the stitch adjustment transmission unit, thereby changing the effective stitch length of the sewing machine; after the stitch length of the sewing machine is changed, the movement of the feeding dog The trajectory also changes accordingly, as shown in Figure 10.
  • the effective stitch length includes the positive stitch length value corresponding to the forward stitch and the negative stitch length value corresponding to the reverse stitch, so as to realize the sewing machine forward stitching, dense stitch stitching, reverse stitching and reverse stitching. Mode switching, and adjustment of stitch length in each sewing mode.
  • the presser foot lifter cam 50 there is no power transmission between the presser foot lifter cam 50 and the presser foot lifter transmission unit, so the presser foot lifter mechanism does not act, and the presser foot 20 maintains the current state. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • the driving motor 30 rotates in the stitch length adjustment corner area X1, and drives the stitch length adjustment cam 40 to The angle shown in Figure 6a is rotated clockwise, and the position of the feeding swing seat 61 is changed, the stitch length is reduced to a small stitch length close to zero, and the sewing machine is in the dense stitch mode; the drive motor 30 continues to rotate in the stitch length adjustment corner area X1 , drive the needle pitch adjusting cam 40 to continue to rotate clockwise, so that the feeding swing seat 61 is located at the position angle shown in Figure 6b, the sewing machine has a positive needle pitch, and the sewing machine is in the forward sewing mode.
  • Step S4 the sewing machine is in the parking state, the sewing machine sews the last stitch, the main shaft enters the last cycle until it rotates to the needle stop position angle, and the needle stop position angle of the main shaft is 0°, as shown in Figure 8, the sewing machine stops.
  • the main motor drives the main shaft to rotate, and the main shaft drives the tooth frame and the feed dog to reciprocate up and down through the tooth-lifting unit.
  • the tooth height curve S1 of the feed dog is shown in Figure 8.
  • the coordinate is the tooth height d of the feeding dog.
  • the main shaft rotates once, and the tooth-lifting unit makes the feeding tooth at different heights of the needle plate surface under different main shaft rotation angles.
  • the sewing machine sews one stitch every time the main shaft rotates 360° for one cycle; each cycle of the main shaft includes the range of the angle of raising the corresponding feed dog above the needle plate, and the range of the angle of feeding below the needle plate corresponding to the feeding dog.
  • the tooth angle range is [0+2k ⁇ , ⁇ / +2k ⁇ ] and [ ⁇ // +2k ⁇ , 0+2k ⁇ ], [0+2k ⁇ , ⁇ / +2k ⁇ ]
  • This tooth raising angle range starts from the needle stop angle ;
  • the range of the lower angle is [ ⁇ / +2k ⁇ , ⁇ // +2k ⁇ ], and k is a natural number.
  • the feeding dog when the main shaft is within the range of the lifting angle, the feeding dog is located above the needle plate, and the feeding dog can drag the sewing material; when the main shaft is within the range of the lower feeding angle, the feeding dog is located under the needle plate, and the feeding dog is not in contact with the sewing material.
  • Step S5 after the sewing machine is stopped, the main shaft stays at the needle stop position angle of 0°; after that, the sewing machine is in the state of lifting the presser foot, and the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 runs in the corner area X2 of the presser foot lifter.
  • the presser foot lifter cam 50 There is power transmission between it and the presser foot lifter transmission unit, and the drive motor 30 drives the presser foot lifter unit to move through the presser foot lifter cam 50 and the presser foot lifter transmission unit to realize automatic presser foot lift.
  • the stitch length adjustment transmission unit includes a stitch length adjustment crank 71 that can rotate around the second fixed swing fulcrum, and a stitch length adjustment ball 72 rotatably installed at one end of the stitch length adjustment crank 71 .
  • the needle distance adjustment crank 71 is hinged to the sewing machine casing, and the two ends of the needle distance adjustment link 73 are respectively hinged with the other end of the needle distance adjustment crank 71 and the feeding swing seat 61;
  • the needle distance adjustment cam 40 is provided with a contour surface for adjusting the needle distance, and the contour surface for adjusting the needle distance at least has a groove section 42 for adjusting the needle distance and a groove section 43 for lifting the presser foot to avoid the same diameter.
  • variable diameter groove section 42 pushes the stitch adjustment ball 72, drives the stitch adjustment crank 71 to rotate around the second fixed swing fulcrum, and acts on the feeding swing seat 61 through the stitch adjustment connecting rod 73 to change the position angle of the feeding swing seat 61, such as 6a and 6b.
  • the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 runs in the corner area X2 of the lifter foot
  • the stitch length adjusting ball 72 cooperates with the lifter foot avoidance equal-diameter groove section 43 of the stitch length adjusting contour surface, and the stitch length adjusting crank 71 will not rotate.
  • the angle of the feeding swing seat 61 remains unchanged, and the feeding swing seat 61 is kept at a stable angle, as shown in Figure 6c and Figure 6d.
  • a cam groove 41 is formed in the stitch length adjusting cam 40 , and the stitch length adjusting contour surface is the groove wall of the cam groove 41 .
  • the feeding unit includes a feeding shaft parallel to the main shaft in the sewing machine, a first feeding transmission assembly connected between the main shaft and the feeding shaft in the sewing machine, and a second feeding shaft connected between the feeding shaft and the tooth frame in the sewing machine Feeding transmission assembly;
  • the first feeding transmission assembly includes a feeding eccentric fixed on the main shaft, a feeding connecting rod, a first swing plate 62, a second swing plate 63, a feeding crank 64 fixed on the feeding shaft, and a feeding swing seat 61 , the main shaft, the feeding eccentric wheel and the feeding connecting rod are not shown in the figure.
  • One end of the swing plate 63 is hinged coaxially through the pins extending left and right, the other end of the first swing plate 62 is hinged with the feeding crank 64 through the pins extending left and right, and the other end of the second swing plate 63 and the feeding swing seat 61 extend through the left and right. pin hinged.
  • the presser foot lifter transmission unit includes a presser foot lifter driving crank 81 that can rotate around the third fixed swing fulcrum, and a presser foot lifter that is rotatably installed at one end of the presser foot lifter driving crank 81 .
  • the ball 82 and the presser foot lifter rod 83 are hinged with the other end of the presser foot lifter driving crank 81 and the right lever 91 in the presser foot lifter mechanism; the outer circumference of the presser foot lifter cam 50
  • the surface is provided with a presser foot lifter contour surface, and the presser foot lifter contour surface has at least a presser foot lifter variable diameter area 51 and a needle distance avoidance equal diameter area 52 .
  • the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 runs in the corner area X2 of the presser foot lifter
  • the presser foot lifter ball 82 contacts and cooperates with the presser foot lifter reducing area 51 on the outer periphery of the presser foot lifter cam 50
  • the driving motor 30 drives
  • the presser foot lifter cam 50 rotates, and the presser foot lifter reducing area 51 pushes the presser foot lifter ball 82, thereby driving the presser foot lifter drive crank 81 to rotate around the third fixed swing fulcrum.
  • the right lever 91 drives the action of the presser foot lifting mechanism, and finally lifts the presser foot 20 upward to perform automatic presser foot lift.
  • the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 runs in the stitch length adjustment corner area X1
  • the presser foot lifter ball 82 contacts and cooperates with the stitch distance avoidance equal diameter area 52 on the outer circumference of the presser foot lifter cam 50, and the presser foot drives the
  • the crank 81 remains stationary, the presser foot lifting mechanism does not act, and the height of the presser foot 20 is zero.
  • the presser foot lifter transmission unit further includes a fixing bracket 84 fixed to the sewing machine casing.
  • the presser foot lifter driving crank 81 is hinged to the fixing bracket 84 through the left and right extending support pins, and the presser foot lifter driving crank 81
  • the hinge point with the fixed bracket 84 constitutes the third fixed swing fulcrum of the presser foot driving crank 81 .
  • the presser foot lifting mechanism includes a right lever 91 that can rotate around the fourth fixed swinging fulcrum, a presser foot lifting rod 92, a left lever 93 that can rotate around the fifth fixed swinging fulcrum, and a lifter.
  • the presser foot lifting plate 94, the presser rod guide 95, and the presser rod 96 extending up and down.
  • the right end of the foot pull rod 92 is hinged, the left end of the presser foot lift rod 92 is hinged with one end of the left lever 93, and the other end of the left lever 93 is hinged with the upper end of the presser foot lifting plate 94.
  • the hook part, the pressure rod guide frame 95 is provided with a connecting protrusion that engages with the lifting hook part, the pressure rod guide frame 95 is fixed on the upper end of the pressure rod 96 , and the presser foot 20 is installed on the lower end of the pressure rod 96 .
  • the sewing machine is also provided with a knee lifter 110 , the upper end of the knee lifter 110 is connected to the right lever 91 , and the right lever 91 can be directly driven by lifting the knee lifter 110 Rotate to perform knee presser foot lift.
  • the stitch length adjustment contour surface of the stitch length adjustment cam 40 also includes a transition reduction groove section connected between the stitch length adjustment reducing groove section 42 and the presser foot avoidance equal diameter groove section 43 . 44 ;
  • the contour surface of the presser foot lifter cam 50 further includes a transition equal diameter area 53 connected between the presser foot lift variable diameter area 51 and the needle distance avoidance equal diameter area 52 . Based on this, as shown in FIG.
  • the corner of the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 also has a transition corner area X3, and the transition corner area X3 is set between the stitch length adjustment corner area X1 and the presser foot lifting corner area X2, and the transition corner area X3
  • the range is ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3, the starting point ⁇ 2 of the transition corner area X3 is the end point of the stitch adjustment corner area X1, and the starting point ⁇ 2 of the transition corner area X3 is defined as the needle distance adjustment end point connected to the end point of the stitch length adjustment corner area X1;
  • the end point ⁇ 3 of the transition corner area X3 is the end point of the presser foot lift corner area X2, and the end point ⁇ 3 of the transition corner area X3 is defined as the presser foot lift start point connected to the start point of the presser foot lift corner area X2.
  • the sewing machine has a specific positive stitch length L1, which is a small positive stitch length slightly larger than zero.
  • the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 rotates from the end point ⁇ 2 of the needle adjustment distance in the transitional corner area X3 to the starting point ⁇ 3 of the presser foot lift in the transitional corner area X3, that is, when the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 is running in the transitional corner area X3, the needle
  • the distance adjusting ball 72 cooperates with the transition reducing groove section 44 of the cam groove 41, the angle of the feeding swing seat 61 changes from the state shown in FIG. 6b to the state shown in FIG.
  • the stitch length L of the sewing machine changes from the maximum positive value
  • the stitch length gradually decreases to a certain positive stitch length L1; and the presser foot lifter ball 82 is in contact with the transition equal-diameter area 53 of the presser foot lifter cam 50, and the lift height of the presser foot 20 is zero.
  • step S4 when the sewing machine sews the last stitch and the main shaft enters the last cycle, when the main shaft rotates within the range of [ ⁇ // +2k ⁇ , 0+2k ⁇ ], the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 is driven.
  • the stitch length adjustment ball 72 first contacts and cooperates with the stitch length adjustment variable diameter groove section 42 of the stitch length adjustment cam 40, and then In contact and cooperation with the transition reducing groove section 44, the end of the stitch length adjustment reducing groove section 42 (ie the head end of the transition reducing groove section 44), the starting point ⁇ 2 of the transition corner area X3, and the maximum positive stitch length of the sewing machine are three. They are in one-to-one correspondence, and the end of the transition reducing groove segment 44, the end point ⁇ 3 of the transition corner area X3, and the specific positive stitch length L1 of the sewing machine are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the stitch length of the sewing machine increases gradually from the set stitch length (that is, the instant stitch length before stopping)
  • the maximum positive stitch length is increased to the maximum positive stitch length, and then gradually reduced from the maximum positive stitch length to the specific positive stitch length L1;
  • the presser foot lifting mechanism does not act, and the lifting height h of the presser foot 20 is always kept at zero. After that, perform the automatic presser foot lift in step S5.
  • the sewing machine control method applied to the first embodiment of the sewing machine also includes the following steps:
  • Step S6 the sewing machine is in the sewing state, the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 is reversed from the current corner in the corner area X2 of the lifter foot to the starting point ⁇ 3 of the lifter foot in the transition corner area X3, under the action of the return spring of the presser foot in the sewing machine.
  • the presser foot 20 is lowered and reset.
  • Step S7 as shown in Fig. 11, the sewing machine sews the first stitch, the main shaft enters the first cycle, and within the range of [0, ⁇ / ], the tooth-lifting angle starting from the needle stop position angle in the first cycle of the main shaft,
  • the motor shaft of the drive motor 30 is reversed from the starting point ⁇ 3 of the presser foot lift in the transition corner area X3 to the set corner in the stitch length adjustment corner area X1, then the stitch length value of the sewing machine is gradually increased from the specific positive value stitch length L1 to the maximum Positive stitch length, and then gradually decrease to the set stitch length (that is, the instant stitch length of the last sewing).
  • the first increase of the sewing machine stitch length causes the feed dog to move forward, which is consistent with the forward feed of the feed dog, which is driven by the rotation of the main shaft.
  • Backward movement of the reverse feed is counteracted by the rotation of the main shaft to drive the feed dog to move forward and the forward feed to offset. Therefore, at the beginning of the first stitch, the phenomenon of the feed dog dragging the material backward will not occur, which can effectively avoid The phenomenon that the sewing material is dragged back due to the change of the needle distance, so as to ensure the sewing quality.
  • Step S8 the sewing machine is in the sewing state, the sewing machine sews normally with the set stitch length, and returns to the above-mentioned step S2.
  • the difference between the second embodiment of the sewing machine and the first embodiment of the sewing machine is only in that the structure of the stitch length adjusting cam 40 and the specifications of the stitch length adjusting contour surface are different.
  • the contour surface of the stitch pitch adjustment is the outer peripheral surface of the stitch pitch adjustment cam 40; as shown in Fig. 17, when the motor shaft of the drive motor 30 outputs the rotational angle ⁇ 3, the sewing machine has a certain positive needle
  • the specific positive stitch length L1 is a large positive stitch length slightly smaller than the maximum positive stitch length.
  • the sewing machine When the feeding swing seat 61 is at the position and angle shown in Fig. 16a, the sewing machine has a minimum negative stitch length, and the sewing machine is in reverse sewing mode; the driving motor 30 rotates in the stitch length adjustment corner area X1, and drives the stitch length adjustment cam 40 to rotate in the stitch length adjustment cam 40 in Fig. 16a.
  • the drive motor 30 continues to rotate in the stitch length adjustment corner area X1 to drive
  • the stitch length adjusting cam 40 continues to rotate clockwise, so that the feeding swing seat 61 is located at the position and angle shown in Figure 16b, the sewing machine has the maximum positive stitch length, and the sewing machine is in the forward sewing mode.
  • the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 first rotates to the end point ⁇ 3 of the transition corner area X3, and drives the stitch adjustment cam 40 to continue to rotate clockwise until the stitch adjustment ball 72 and the stitch adjustment cam 40 are in the transitional diameter-reducing groove section.
  • the ends of 44 are matched, and the feeding swing seat 61 is at the position and angle shown in Fig. 16c, corresponding to the sewing machine having a specific positive stitch length L1.
  • the sewing machine stops lift the presser foot, and the motor shaft of the driving motor 30 rotates to the corner area X2 of the presser foot lifter, then the stitch length adjustment ball 72 is always in contact with the stitch length adjustment cam 40 to avoid the equal diameter groove section 43 for lifting the presser foot.
  • the position and angle of the feeding swing seat 61 remain unchanged, and the sewing machine always maintains a certain positive stitch length L1.
  • the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种缝纫机控制装置及其控制方法，缝纫机包括主轴、牙架、送料牙、抬牙单元、送料单元、抬压脚机构、驱动电机、都由驱动电机驱动转动的针距调节凸轮和抬压脚凸轮、针距调节传动单元、以及抬压脚传动单元，送料单元具有决定缝纫机针距的送料摆动座，针距调节凸轮通过针距调节传动单元与送料摆动座相连，抬压脚凸轮通过抬压脚传动单元与抬压脚机构相连；驱动电机的电机轴在抬压脚转角区内运转，针距调节凸轮和针距调节传动单元之间无动力传递，抬压脚凸轮和抬压脚传动单元之间有动力传递。本申请实现了在抬压脚过程中针距调节传动单元不动作，由此保证压脚抬起和下方过程中送料牙保持不动，缝纫机的针距不会发生变化，满足特殊缝纫工艺的要求。

Description

一种缝纫机控制装置及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及缝纫机领域，特别是涉及一种缝纫机控制装置及其控制方法。
背景技术
目前，缝纫机都具有针距调节和抬压脚这两个功能，针距调节功能和抬压脚功能互相独立，不会相互影响。对于大多数自动化程度不高的缝纫机，针距调节部分和抬压脚部分均采用手动控制，如需要调整针距时，首先将机器停止，手动旋转针距调节旋钮，如需要抬压脚时，膝靠抬压脚组件，以上操作方式费时费力，在生产节奏日益加快的形式下，该方式越来越不能满足客户的要求。
进一步地，为了提高缝纫机的自动化程度，现有技术中的缝纫机也有通过一个步进电机仅实现调节针距的功能、一个步进电机或电磁铁仅实现抬压脚的功能、以及一个步进电机同时实现调节针距和抬压脚的功能。比如：申请号为202010634540.0的中国发明专利申请说明书所公开的一种缝纫机，其采用一个步进电机同时实现了调节针距和抬压脚的功能。但是，该缝纫机存在针距调节和抬压脚动作相互影响的问题，其中最大的问题是：在压脚抬起和下放的过程中会带动送料牙前后动作，而在此过程中若送料牙的前后动作带动缝料前后移动，由此改变落针点的位置，影响特殊缝纫工艺。另外，有些缝纫机还会在起缝之初出现缝料回拖现象(即送料牙带动缝料向后移动)，影响缝纫质量。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种缝纫机控制装置及其控制方法，其在压脚抬起和下放过程中送料牙保持不动。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种缝纫机控制装置及其控制方法，所述缝纫机控制方法包括以下步骤：
S1、在缝纫机中至少配置主轴、牙架、安装于牙架的送料牙、连接在主轴和牙架一端之间的抬牙单元、连接在主轴和牙架另一端之间的送料单元、驱动压脚向上抬起的抬压脚机构、驱动电机、都由驱动电机驱动转动的针距调节凸轮和抬压脚凸轮、针距调节传动单元、以及抬压脚传动单元，所述送料单元中具有能够绕第一固定摆动支点转动的送料摆动座，所述送料摆动座的角度决定缝纫机的针距，所述针距调节凸轮通过针距调节传动单元与送料摆动座相连，所述抬压脚凸轮通过抬压脚传动单元与抬压脚机构相连；
在所述驱动电机的电机轴转动一圈°的范围内，所述驱动电机的电机轴的转角至少具有相互独立的针距调节转角区和抬压脚转角区；
S2、缝纫机处于缝纫状态，所述驱动电机的电机轴转动至针距调节转角区内的一转角，所述驱动电机通过针距调节凸轮和针距调节传动单元使送料摆动座维持一个角度，缝纫机具有有效针距；
S3、缝纫机处于调针距状态，所述驱动电机的电机轴在针距调节转角区内转动，所述针距调节凸轮和针距调节传动单元之间有动力传递，所述抬压脚凸轮和抬压脚传动单元之间无动力传递，所述驱动电机通过针距调节凸轮和针距调节传动单元改变送料摆动座的角度；
S4、缝纫机处于停车状态，缝纫机缝制最后一针，所述主轴进入最后一个周期、直至转动至停针位角度，缝纫机停车；
S5、缝纫机处于抬压脚状态，所述驱动电机的电机轴在抬压脚转角区内运转，所述针距调节凸轮和针距调节传动单元之间无动力传递，所述抬压脚凸轮和抬压脚传动单元之间有动力传递，所述驱动电机通过抬压脚凸轮和抬压脚传动单元驱动抬压脚单元动作。
进一步地，所述针距调节传动单元包括能够绕第二固定摆动支点转动的针距调节曲柄、可转动地安装在针距调节曲柄一端的针距调节滚珠、以及针距调节连杆，所述针距调节连杆的两端分别与针距调节曲柄的另一端和送料摆动座铰接，所述针距调节凸轮中设置有调针距轮廓面，该调针距轮廓面至少具有针距调节变径槽段和抬压脚避让等径槽段；
当所述驱动电机的电机轴在针距调节转角区内运转时，所述针距调节滚珠与针距调节变径槽段相配合；
当所述驱动电机的电机轴在抬压脚转角区内运转时，所述针距调节滚珠与抬压脚避让等径槽段相配合。
进一步地，所述针距调节凸轮的调针距轮廓面还包括连接在针距调节变径槽段和抬压脚避让等径槽段之间的过渡变径槽段，所述驱动电机的电机轴的转角还具有设置在针距调节转角区和抬压脚转角区之间的过渡转角区，所述过渡转角区具有与针距调节转角区终点相连的调针距终点、以及与抬压脚转角区起点相连的抬压脚起点；当所述驱动电机的电机轴从针距调节转角区的起点转动至过渡转角区的调针距终点时，所述缝纫机的针距值从最小负值针距逐渐增大至最大正值针距；当所述驱动电机的电机轴从过渡转角区的调针距终点转动至过渡转角区的抬压脚起点时，所述缝纫机的针距值从最大正值针距逐渐减小至大于零的特定正值针距；
所述缝纫机控制方法还包括以下步骤：
S6、缝纫机处于起缝状态，所述驱动电机的电机轴从抬压脚转角区内的当前转角反转至过渡转角区的抬压脚起点，所述压脚下放；
S7、缝纫机缝制第一针，所述主轴进入第一个周期，所述主轴的第一个周期具有对应送料牙处于针板上方、且从停针位角度开始的抬牙角度范围，在所述主轴的第一个周期的抬牙角度范围内，所述驱动电机的电机轴从过渡转角区的抬压脚起点反转至针距调节转角区内的设定转角，所述缝纫机的针距值先从特定正值针距逐渐增加至最大正值针距、再逐渐减小至设定针距；
S8、缝纫机处于缝纫状态，返回上述步骤S2。
进一步地，所述抬压脚传动单元包括能够绕第三固定摆动支点转动的抬压脚驱动曲柄、可转动地安装在抬压脚驱动曲柄一端的抬压脚滚珠、以及抬压脚顶杆，所述抬压脚顶杆的两端分别与抬压脚驱动曲柄的另一端和抬压脚机构相连；所述抬压脚凸轮中设置有抬压脚轮廓面，该抬压脚轮廓面至少具有抬压脚变径区、针距避让等径区、以及连接在抬压脚变径区和针距避让等径区之间的过渡等径区；
当所述驱动电机的电机轴在针距调节转角区内运转时，所述抬压脚滚珠与抬压脚凸轮的针距避让等径区接触配合；
当所述驱动电机的电机轴在抬压脚转角区内运转时，所述抬压脚滚珠与抬压脚凸轮的抬压脚变径区接触配合；
当所述驱动电机的电机轴在过渡转角区内运转时，所述抬压脚滚珠与抬压脚凸轮的过渡等径区接触配合，所述压脚的抬起高度为零。
进一步地，所述针距调节凸轮中开设有凸轮槽，所述调针距轮廓面为凸轮槽的槽壁。
进一步地，所述调针距轮廓面为针距调节凸轮的外周面。
进一步地，所述送料单元包括平行于缝纫机中主轴的送料轴、连接在缝纫机中主轴和送料轴之间的第一送料传动组件、以及连接在送料轴和缝纫机中牙架之间的第二送料传动组件；所述第一送料传动组件包括固定在主轴上的送料偏心轮、送料连杆、第一摆板、第二摆板、固定在送料轴上的送料曲柄、以及所述送料摆动座，所述送料连杆的一端可转动地套装在送料偏心轮的外周，所述送料连杆的另一端、第一摆板的一端、以及第二摆板的一端同轴线铰接，所述第一摆板的另一端与送料曲柄铰接，所述第二摆板的另一端与送料摆动座铰接。
进一步地，所述抬压脚机构包括能够绕第四固定摆动支点转动的右杠杆、抬压脚拉杆、能够绕第五固定摆动支点转动的左杠杆、抬压脚提升板、压杆导架、以及上下延伸的压杆，所述右杠杆的一端与抬压脚传动单元相连，所述右杠杆的另一端与抬压脚拉杆的一端铰接， 所述抬压脚拉杆的另一端与左杠杆的一端铰接，所述左杠杆的另一端与抬压脚提升板的上端相铰接，所述抬压脚提升板上设有提升钩部，所述压杆导架上设有与提升钩部相卡合的连接突部，所述压杆导架固定在压杆的上端，所述压脚安装在压杆的下端。
进一步地，所述缝纫机中还配置有膝靠顶杆，所述膝靠顶杆的上端与右杠杆相连。
如上所述，本发明涉及的缝纫机控制方法，具有以下有益效果：
本申请在使用同一个电机实现针距调节和抬压脚的前提下，还实现了在抬压脚过程中针距调节传动单元不动作，由此保证压脚抬起和下方过程中送料牙保持不动，缝纫机的针距不会发生变化，从而使得落针点保持不变，不会对要求落针点准确的服装缝制工艺造成影响，满足特殊缝纫工艺的要求。
附图说明
图1为本申请缝纫机控制方法中缝纫机实施例一的结构示意图。
图2为缝纫机实施例一中针距调节传动单元的结构示意图。
图3为缝纫机实施例一中针距调节凸轮的结构示意图。
图4为缝纫机实施例一中抬压脚传动单元和抬压脚机构的结构示意图。
图5为缝纫机实施例一中抬压脚凸轮的结构示意图。
图6a至图6d为缝纫机实施例一的针距调节的过程示意图。
图7为缝纫机实施例一中针距曲线示意图和压脚高度曲线示意图。
图8为缝纫机实施例一中主轴转动时送料牙的牙齿高度的曲线图。
图9为缝纫机实施例一中送料牙的运动轨迹图。
图10为缝纫机实施例一中针距调节时送料牙的运动轨迹的变化示意图。
图11为缝纫机实施例一中抬压脚过程中的针距变化示意图。
图12为缝纫机实施例一中缝纫机的控制流程图。
图13为本申请缝纫机控制方法中缝纫机实施例二的结构示意图。
图14为缝纫机实施例二中针距调节传动单元的结构示意图。
图15为缝纫机实施例二中针距调节凸轮的结构示意图。
图16a至图16d为缝纫机实施例二的针距调节的过程示意图。
图17为缝纫机实施例二中针距曲线示意图和压脚高度曲线示意图。
元件标号说明
20                     压脚
30                     驱动电机
40                     针距调节凸轮
41                     凸轮槽
42                     针距调节变径槽段
43                     抬压脚避让等径槽段
44                     过渡变径槽段
50                     抬压脚凸轮
51                     抬压脚变径区
52                     针距避让等径区
53                     过渡等径区
61                     送料摆动座
62                     第一摆板
63                     第二摆板
64                     送料曲柄
71                     针距调节曲柄
72                     针距调节滚珠
73                     针距调节连杆
81                     抬压脚驱动曲柄
82                     抬压脚滚珠
83                     抬压脚顶杆
84                     固定支架
91                     右杠杆
92                     抬压脚拉杆
93                     左杠杆
94                     抬压脚提升板
95                     压杆导架
96                     压杆
110                    膝靠顶杆
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
须知，本说明书附图所绘的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
本申请提供一种缝纫机控制装置及其控制方法，用于缝纫机，该缝纫机的类型为平缝机。进一步地，缝纫机中配置有机壳、可转动地安装在机壳中的主轴、以及驱动主轴转动的主电机，机壳、主轴和主电机在图1中都未示出。为便于叙述，下述实施例中，各方向的定义如下：将主轴的轴向定义为左右方向，且主轴朝向机头(即机针侧)的方向为左方向、朝向机尾的方向为右方向；将缝纫机正缝时缝料的移动方向定义为前方向；将与左右方向和前后方向都正交的方向定义为上下方向。另外，本申请涉及的缝纫机控制方法，应用的缝纫机有两个实施例；下述对缝纫机控制方法和缝纫机的两个实施例展开叙述。
缝纫机实施例一
进一步地，本申请用于缝纫机实施例一的缝纫机控制方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S1、缝纫机实施例一除了配置上述机壳、主轴和主电机外，如图1所示，缝纫机实施例一还配置有牙架、固定安装在牙架上的送料牙、连接在主轴和牙架后端之间的抬牙单元、连接在主轴和牙架前端之间的送料单元、驱动压脚20向上抬起的抬压脚机构、固定于缝纫机机壳的驱动电机30、都由驱动电机30驱动转动的针距调节凸轮40和抬压脚凸轮50、针距调节传动单元、以及抬压脚传动单元，抬牙单元和送料单元构成缝纫机的送料机构，主轴通过送料单元驱动牙架和送料牙前后往复移动，主轴通过抬牙单元驱动牙架和送料牙上下往复移动，故送料牙做前后往复移动和上下往复移动的复合运动，送料牙的运动轨迹大致为椭圆形，如图9所示。送料单元中具有能够绕第一固定摆动支点转动的送料摆动座61，送料摆动座61的角度决定缝纫机的针距，送料摆动座61的左右两侧都可转动地安装于左右延伸的支撑销，支撑销固定在缝纫机底板中，支撑销构成送料摆动座61的第一固定摆动支点。针距调节凸轮40和抬压脚凸轮50都通过螺钉固定在驱动电机30的电机轴上、都由驱动电机30直接驱动转动，驱动电机30与缝纫机的电控模块通讯连接。针距调节凸轮40通过针距调节传动单元 与送料摆动座61相连，抬压脚凸轮50通过抬压脚传动单元与抬压脚机构相连。
图7示出了在驱动电机30的电机轴转动一圈360°的范围内的针距曲线Y1和压脚高度曲线Y2，其中横坐标为驱动电机30的电机轴转角θ，纵坐标分别为针距L和压脚高度h。如图7所示，在驱动电机30的电机轴转动一圈360°的范围内，驱动电机30的电机轴的转角至少具有相互独立的针距调节转角区X1和抬压脚转角区X2；本实施例中，针距调节转角区X1的范围为θ1～θ2，抬压脚转角区X2的范围为θ3～θ4，0°＜θ1＜θ2＜θ3＜θ4＜360°。
步骤S2、缝纫机开机缝纫后，缝纫机处于缝纫状态，缝纫机的电控模块控制驱动电机30的电机轴转动至针距调节转角区X1内的一转角，驱动电机30通过针距调节凸轮40和针距调节传动单元使送料摆动座61维持一个角度，缝纫机具有一个稳定的有效针距。
步骤S3、当缝纫机调节针距时，缝纫机处于调针距状态，缝纫机的电控模块控制驱动电机30的电机轴在针距调节转角区X1内运转，则针距调节凸轮40和针距调节传动单元之间有动力传递，驱动电机30通过针距调节凸轮40和针距调节传动单元改变送料摆动座61的角度，由此改变缝纫机的有效针距；缝纫机的针距改变后，送料牙的运动轨迹也发生相应的变化，如图10所示。如图7所示，有效针距包括对应正缝的正值针距值和对应倒缝的负值针距值，从而实现缝纫机正缝、密针缝、倒回缝和倒缝这几种缝纫模式的切换、以及各缝纫模式下针距大小的调节。上述针距调节过程中，抬压脚凸轮50和抬压脚传动单元之间无动力传递，故抬压脚机构不动作，压脚20维持当前状态。进一步地，如图7所示，驱动电机30的电机轴在针距调节转角区X1内运转时，驱动电机30的电机轴的转角与送料摆动座61的位置角度具有一一对应的关系，故驱动电机30的电机轴在针距调节转角区X1内输出不同转角值，使送料摆动座61有唯一对应摆角，也对应缝纫机不同的针距；并且，当驱动电机30的电机轴从针距调节转角区X1的起点转动至针距调节转角区X1的终点时，缝纫机的针距值从最小负值针距逐渐增大至最大正值针距；并且，驱动电机30的电机轴输出转角θ1时，缝纫机具有最小负值针距；驱动电机30的电机轴输出转角θ2时，缝纫机具有最大正值针距。具体说，送料摆动座61处于图6a所示的位置角度时，缝纫机具有负值针距，缝纫机为倒缝模式；驱动电机30在针距调节转角区X1内转动，带动针距调节凸轮40以图6a所示角度顺时针转动，改变送料摆动座61的位置，则针距减小至接近零的小针距，缝纫机为密针缝模式；驱动电机30继续在针距调节转角区X1内转动，带动针距调节凸轮40继续顺时针转动，使送料摆动座61位于图6b所示的位置角度，缝纫机具有正值针距，缝纫机为正缝模式。
步骤S4、缝纫机处于停车状态，缝纫机缝制最后一针，主轴进入最后一个周期、直至转动至停针位角度，主轴的停针位角度即为0°，如图8所示，缝纫机停车。另外，缝纫机在 缝纫过程中，主电机驱动主轴转动，主轴通过抬牙单元驱动牙架和送料牙上下往复移动，送料牙的牙齿高度曲线S1如图8所示，横坐标为主轴转角φ，纵坐标为送料牙的牙齿高度d，主轴转动一圈，抬牙单元使送料牙在不同的主轴转角下处于针板面不同高度。主轴每转动一个周期360°，缝纫机就缝制一针；主轴的每一个周期都包括对应送料牙处于针板上方的抬牙角度范围、以及对应送料牙处于针板下方的下供角度范围，抬牙角度范围为[0+2kπ,φ /+2kπ]和[φ //+2kπ,0+2kπ]，[0+2kπ,φ /+2kπ]这个抬牙角度范围是从停针位角度开始的；下供角度范围为[φ /+2kπ,φ //+2kπ]，k为自然数。因此，主轴在抬牙角度范围内时，送料牙位于针板上方，送料牙能够拖动缝料；主轴在下供角度范围内时，送料牙位于针板下方，送料牙与缝料不接触。
步骤S5、缝纫机停车后，主轴停留在停针位角度0°；之后，缝纫机处于抬压脚状态，驱动电机30的电机轴在抬压脚转角区X2内运转，一方面，抬压脚凸轮50和抬压脚传动单元之间有动力传递，驱动电机30通过抬压脚凸轮50和抬压脚传动单元驱动抬压脚单元动作，实现自动抬压脚。另一方面，针距调节凸轮40和针距调节传动单元之间无动力传递，针距调节传动单元不动作，从而保持送料摆动座61不动，如图6c至图6d所示，故在抬压脚过程中缝纫机的针距不会发生变化、始终为一个特定正值针距L1，由此使得落针点保持不变，不会对要求落针点准确的服装缝制工艺造成影响，满足特殊缝纫工艺的要求。
进一步地，如图2和图3所示，针距调节传动单元包括能够绕第二固定摆动支点转动的针距调节曲柄71、可转动地安装在针距调节曲柄71一端的针距调节滚珠72、以及针距调节连杆73，针距调节曲柄71铰接于缝纫机机壳，针距调节连杆73的两端分别与针距调节曲柄71的另一端和送料摆动座61铰接；针距调节凸轮40中设置有调针距轮廓面，该调针距轮廓面至少具有针距调节变径槽段42和抬压脚避让等径槽段43。当驱动电机30的电机轴在针距调节转角区X1内运转时，针距调节滚珠72与调针距轮廓面的针距调节变径槽段42相配合，调针距轮廓面的针距调节变径槽段42推动针距调节滚珠72，驱动针距调节曲柄71绕第二固定摆动支点转动，通过针距调节连杆73作用于送料摆动座61，改变送料摆动座61的位置角度，如图6a和图6b所示。当驱动电机30的电机轴在抬压脚转角区X2内运转时，针距调节滚珠72与调针距轮廓面的抬压脚避让等径槽段43相配合，针距调节曲柄71不会转动，送料摆动座61的角度也就保持不变，送料摆动座61被保持在一个稳定的角度，如图6c和图6d所示。较优地，缝纫机实施例中，如图3所示，针距调节凸轮40中开设有凸轮槽41，调针距轮廓面为凸轮槽41的槽壁。
如图1所示，送料单元包括平行于缝纫机中主轴的送料轴、连接在缝纫机中主轴和送料 轴之间的第一送料传动组件、以及连接在送料轴和缝纫机中牙架之间的第二送料传动组件；第一送料传动组件包括固定在主轴上的送料偏心轮、送料连杆、第一摆板62、第二摆板63、固定在送料轴上的送料曲柄64、以及送料摆动座61，主轴、送料偏心轮和送料连杆在图中未示出，送料连杆的上端可转动地套装在送料偏心轮的外周，送料连杆的下端、第一摆板62的一端、以及第二摆板63的一端通过左右延伸的销钉同轴线铰接，第一摆板62的另一端与送料曲柄64通过左右延伸的销钉铰接，第二摆板63的另一端与送料摆动座61通过左右延伸的销钉铰接。
进一步地，如图4和图5所示，抬压脚传动单元包括能够绕第三固定摆动支点转动的抬压脚驱动曲柄81、可转动地安装在抬压脚驱动曲柄81一端的抬压脚滚珠82、以及抬压脚顶杆83，抬压脚顶杆83的两端分别与抬压脚驱动曲柄81的另一端和抬压脚机构中的右杠杆91铰接；抬压脚凸轮50的外周面上设有抬压脚轮廓面，该抬压脚轮廓面至少具有抬压脚变径区51、以及针距避让等径区52。当缝纫机抬压脚时，驱动电机30的电机轴在抬压脚转角区X2内运转，抬压脚滚珠82与抬压脚凸轮50外周的抬压脚变径区51接触配合，驱动电机30带动抬压脚凸轮50转动，抬压脚变径区51推动抬压脚滚珠82，从而驱动抬压脚驱动曲柄81绕第三固定摆动支点转动，通过抬压脚顶杆83拉动抬压脚机构中的右杠杆91，驱动抬压脚机构动作，最终向上提升压脚20，执行自动抬压脚。当缝纫机调节针距时，驱动电机30的电机轴在针距调节转角区X1内运转，抬压脚滚珠82与抬压脚凸轮50外周的针距避让等径区52接触配合，抬压脚驱动曲柄81保持不动，抬压脚机构也就不动作，压脚20高度为零。
优选地，如图4所示，抬压脚传动单元还包括固定于缝纫机机壳的固定支架84，抬压脚驱动曲柄81通过左右延伸的支撑销铰接于固定支架84，抬压脚驱动曲柄81和固定支架84的铰接点构成抬压脚驱动曲柄81的第三固定摆动支点。
进一步地，如图1和图4所示，抬压脚机构包括能够绕第四固定摆动支点转动的右杠杆91、抬压脚拉杆92、能够绕第五固定摆动支点转动的左杠杆93、抬压脚提升板94、压杆导架95、以及上下延伸的压杆96，抬压脚传动单元中抬压脚顶杆83的上端与右杠杆91的右端铰接，右杠杆91的左端与抬压脚拉杆92的右端铰接，抬压脚拉杆92的左端与左杠杆93的一端铰接，左杠杆93的另一端与抬压脚提升板94的上端相铰接，抬压脚提升板94上设有提升钩部，压杆导架95上设有与提升钩部相卡合的连接突部，压杆导架95固定在压杆96的上端，压脚20安装在压杆96的下端。优选地，如图1和图4所示，缝纫机中还配置有膝靠顶杆110，膝靠顶杆110的上端与右杠杆91相连，通过顶升膝靠顶杆110可直接驱动右杠杆91转动，由此进行膝靠抬压脚。
进一步地，如图3所示，针距调节凸轮40的调针距轮廓面还包括连接在针距调节变径槽段42和抬压脚避让等径槽段43之间的过渡变径槽段44；如图5所示，抬压脚凸轮50的抬压脚轮廓面还包括连接在抬压脚变径区51和针距避让等径区52之间的过渡等径区53。基于此，如图7所示，驱动电机30的电机轴的转角还具有过渡转角区X3，过渡转角区X3设置在针距调节转角区X1和抬压脚转角区X2之间，过渡转角区X3的范围为θ2～θ3，过渡转角区X3的起点θ2即为针距调节转角区X1的终点，将过渡转角区X3的起点θ2定义为与针距调节转角区X1终点相连的调针距终点；过渡转角区X3的终点θ3即为抬压脚转角区X2的终点，将过渡转角区X3的终点θ3定义为与抬压脚转角区X2起点相连的抬压脚起点。驱动电机30的电机轴输出转角θ3时，缝纫机具有特定正值针距L1，该特定正值针距L1为一个略大于零的小正值针距。当驱动电机30的电机轴从过渡转角区X3的调针距终点θ2转动至过渡转角区X3的抬压脚起点θ3时，即当驱动电机30的电机轴在过渡转角区X3内运转时，针距调节滚珠72与凸轮槽41的过渡变径槽段44相配合，送料摆动座61的角度从图6b所示的状态变化为图6c所示的状态变化，缝纫机的针距L从最大正值针距逐渐减小至特定正值针距L1；而抬压脚滚珠82与抬压脚凸轮50的过渡等径区53接触配合，压脚20的抬起高度为零。
图11为缝纫机中主轴转角和驱动电机30转角之间的控制关系，也即为送料牙的牙齿高度和针距值之间的关系示意图。上述步骤S4中，在缝纫机缝制最后一针、主轴进入最后一个周期内时，当主轴在[φ //+2kπ,0+2kπ]这个抬牙角度范围内转动时，驱动电机30的电机轴从针距调节转角区X1内的当前转角转动至过渡转角区X3的终点θ3；此过程中，针距调节滚珠72先与针距调节凸轮40的针距调节变径槽段42接触配合、再与过渡变径槽段44接触配合，针距调节变径槽段42的末端(即过渡变径槽段44的首端)、过渡转角区X3的起点θ2、以及缝纫机的最大正值针距三者一一对应，过渡变径槽段44的末端、过渡转角区X3的终点θ3、以及缝纫机的特定正值针距L1三者一一对应。因此，主轴在最后一个周期的[φ //+2kπ,0+2kπ]这个抬牙角度范围内转动时，缝纫机的针距从设定针距(即为停车前的即时针距)先逐渐增大至最大正值针距、再从最大正值针距逐渐减小至特定正值针距L1；而抬压脚滚珠82先与抬压脚凸轮50的针距避让等径区52接触配合、再与过渡等径区53接触配合，抬压脚机构不动作，压脚20的抬起高度h始终保持为零。之后，再执行步骤S5中的自动抬压脚。
进一步地，应用于缝纫机实施例一的缝纫机控制方法还包括以下步骤：
步骤S6、缝纫机处于起缝状态，驱动电机30的电机轴从抬压脚转角区X2内的当前转角反转至过渡转角区X3的抬压脚起点θ3，在缝纫机中压脚复位弹簧的作用下使得压脚20下放、 复位。
步骤S7、如图11所示，缝纫机缝制第一针，主轴进入第一个周期，在主轴第一个周期内从停针位角度开始的[0,φ /]这个抬牙角度范围内，驱动电机30的电机轴从过渡转角区X3的抬压脚起点θ3反转至针距调节转角区X1内的设定转角，则缝纫机的针距值先从特定正值针距L1逐渐增加至最大正值针距、再逐渐减小至设定针距(即为上次缝纫的即时针距)。此起缝过程中，缝纫机针距的先增加引起送料牙向前移动正向送布、与主轴转动带动送料牙向前移动正向送布一致，之后，缝纫机针距的后减小引起送料牙向后移动反向送布、被主轴转动带动送料牙向前移动正向送布抵消，故在起缝第一针的刚开始，不会出现送料牙向后回拖缝料的现象，有效避免因针距变化而导致缝料回拖的现象，从而保证缝纫质量。
步骤S8、缝纫机处于缝纫状态，缝纫机以设定针距正常缝纫，返回上述步骤S2。
缝纫机实施例二
缝纫机实施例二与缝纫机实施例一的区别仅在于：针距调节凸轮40的结构形式、以及调针距轮廓面的规格不同。具体说，如图13至图15所示，调针距轮廓面为针距调节凸轮40的外周面；如图17所示，驱动电机30的电机轴输出转角θ3时，缝纫机具有特定正值针距L1，该特定正值针距L1为略小于最大正值针距的大正值针距。
送料摆动座61处于图16a所示的位置角度时，缝纫机具有最小负值针距，缝纫机为倒缝模式；驱动电机30在针距调节转角区X1内转动，带动针距调节凸轮40以图16a所示角度顺时针转动，改变送料摆动座61的位置，则针距减小至接近零的小针距，缝纫机为密针缝模式；驱动电机30继续在针距调节转角区X1内转动，带动针距调节凸轮40继续顺时针转动，使送料摆动座61位于图16b所示的位置角度，缝纫机具有最大正值针距，缝纫机为正缝模式。缝纫机停车时，驱动电机30的电机轴先转动至过渡转角区X3的终点θ3，带动针距调节凸轮40继续顺时针转动、直至针距调节滚珠72与针距调节凸轮40的过渡变径槽段44的末端相配合，送料摆动座61处于图16c所示的位置角度，对应缝纫机具有特定正值针距L1。缝纫机停车后抬压脚，驱动电机30的电机轴转动至抬压脚转角区X2内，则针距调节滚珠72始终与针距调节凸轮40的抬压脚避让等径槽段43接触配合，如图16d所示，送料摆动座61的位置角度保持不变，缝纫机始终保持特定正值针距L1。
综上所述，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等 效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种缝纫机控制装置及其控制方法，其特征在于：所述缝纫机控制方法包括以下步骤：
    S1、在缝纫机中包括由同一驱动轴驱动的针距调节传动单元和抬压脚传动单元、与针距调节传动单元相连接的送料摆动座(61)，所述送料摆动座(61)的角度决定缝纫机的针距，所述驱动轴的转角至少具有相互独立的针距调节转角区(X1)和抬压脚转角区(X2)；
    S2、缝纫机处于缝纫状态，所述驱动轴转动至针距调节转角区(X1)内的一转角，所述针距调节传动单元使送料摆动座(61)维持一个角度，缝纫机具有有效针距；
    S3、缝纫机处于调针距状态，所述驱动电机(30)的电机轴在针距调节转角区(X1)内转动，所述针距调节传动单元之间有动力传递，所述抬压脚传动单元之间无动力传递，所述驱动轴通过针距调节传动单元改变送料摆动座(61)的角度；
    S4、缝纫机处于停车状态，缝纫机缝制最后一针，缝纫机停车；
    S5、缝纫机处于抬压脚状态，所述驱动轴在抬压脚转角区(X2)内运转，所述针距调节传动单元之间无动力传递，所述抬压脚传动单元之间有动力传递，所述驱动轴通过抬压脚传动单元驱动抬压脚单元动作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种缝纫机控制方法，其特征在于：所述针距调节传动单元包括针距调节曲柄(71)、针距调节滚珠(72)，所述驱动轴上设有针距调节凸轮和抬压脚凸轮，所述针距调节凸轮(40)通过针距调节传动单元与送料摆动座(61)相连，所述抬压脚凸轮(50)通过抬压脚传动单元与抬压脚机构相连；所述针距调节凸轮(40)中设置有调针距轮廓面，该调针距轮廓面至少具有针距调节变径槽段(42)和抬压脚避让等径槽段(43)；当所述驱动轴在针距调节转角区(X1)内运转时，所述针距调节滚珠(72)与针距调节变径槽段(42)相配合；
    当所述驱动轴在抬压脚转角区(X2)内运转时，所述针距调节滚珠(72)与抬压脚避让等径槽段(43)相配合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种缝纫机控制方法，其特征在于：所述针距调 节变径槽段(42)和所述抬压脚避让等径槽段(43)之间的过渡变径槽段(44)，所述驱动轴的转角还具有设置在针距调节转角区(X1)和抬压脚转角区(X2)之间的过渡转角区(X3)，所述过渡转角区(X3)具有与针距调节转角区(X1)终点相连的调针距终点、以及与抬压脚转角区(X2)起点相连的抬压脚起点；当所述驱动电机(30)的电机轴从针距调节转角区(X1)的起点转动至过渡转角区(X3)的调针距终点时，所述缝纫机的针距值从最小负值针距逐渐增大至最大正值针距；当所述驱动电机(30)的电机轴从过渡转角区(X3)的调针距终点转动至过渡转角区(X3)的抬压脚起点时，所述缝纫机的针距值从最大正值针距逐渐减小至大于零的特定正值针距；
    所述缝纫机控制方法还包括以下步骤：
    S6、缝纫机处于起缝状态，所述驱动轴从抬压脚转角区(X2)内的当前转角反转至过渡转角区(X3)的抬压脚起点，所述压脚(20)下放；
    S7、缝纫机缝制第一针，所述驱动轴从过渡转角区(X3)的抬压脚起点反转至针距调节转角区(X1)内的设定转角，所述缝纫机的针距值先从特定正值针距逐渐增加至最大正值针距、再逐渐减小至设定针距；
    S8、缝纫机处于缝纫状态，返回上述步骤S2。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种缝纫机控制方法，其特征在于：所述抬压脚传动单元包括抬压脚驱动曲柄(81)、抬压脚滚珠(82)；所述抬压脚凸轮(50)中设置有抬压脚轮廓面，该抬压脚轮廓面至少具有抬压脚变径区(51)、针距避让等径区(52)、过渡等径区(53)；
    当所述驱动轴在针距调节转角区(X1)内运转时，所述抬压脚滚珠(82)与抬压脚凸轮(50)的针距避让等径区(52)接触配合；
    当所述驱动轴在抬压脚转角区(X2)内运转时，所述抬压脚滚珠(82)与抬压脚凸轮(50)的抬压脚变径区(51)接触配合；
    当所述驱动轴在过渡转角区(X3)内运转时，所述抬压脚滚珠(82)与抬压脚凸轮(50)的过渡等径区(53)接触配合，所述压脚(20)的抬起高度为零。
  5. 一种通过权利要求1至4所述的一种缝纫机控制方法而实现传动控制的 一种缝纫机控制装置，其特征在于：在缝纫机中还包括主轴、牙架、安装于牙架的送料牙、连接在主轴和牙架一端之间的抬牙单元、连接在主轴和牙架另一端之间的送料单元、驱动压脚(20)向上抬起的抬压脚机构、与驱动轴连接的驱动电机(30)。
  6. 通过权利要求5所述的一种缝纫机控制装置，其特征在于：所述针距调节凸轮(40)中开设有凸轮槽(41)，所述调针距轮廓面为凸轮槽(41)的槽壁。
  7. 通过权利要求5所述的一种缝纫机控制装置，其特征在于：所述调针距轮廓面为针距调节凸轮(40)的外周面。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种缝纫机控制装置，其特征在于：所述送料单元包括平行于缝纫机中主轴的送料轴、连接在缝纫机中主轴和送料轴之间的第一送料传动组件、以及连接在送料轴和缝纫机中牙架之间的第二送料传动组件，所述送料摆动座(61)属于送料单元；所述第一送料传动组件包括固定在主轴上的送料偏心轮、送料连杆、第一摆板(62)、第二摆板(63)、固定在送料轴上的送料曲柄(64)、以及所述送料摆动座(61)，所述送料连杆的一端可转动地套装在送料偏心轮的外周，所述送料连杆的另一端、第一摆板(62)的一端、以及第二摆板(63)的一端同轴线铰接，所述第一摆板(62)的另一端与送料曲柄(64)铰接，所述第二摆板(63)的另一端与送料摆动座(61)铰接。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的一种缝纫机控制装置，其特征在于：所述抬压脚机构包括能够绕第四固定摆动支点转动的右杠杆(91)、抬压脚拉杆(92)、能够绕第五固定摆动支点转动的左杠杆(93)、抬压脚提升板(94)、压杆导架(95)、以及上下延伸的压杆(96)，所述右杠杆(91)的一端与抬压脚传动单元相连，所述右杠杆(91)的另一端与抬压脚拉杆(92)的一端铰接，所述抬压脚拉杆(92)的另一端与左杠杆(93)的一端铰接，所述左杠杆(93)的另一端与抬压脚提升板(94)的上端相铰接，所述抬压脚提升板 (94)上设有提升钩部，所述压杆导架(95)上设有与提升钩部相卡合的连接突部，所述压杆导架(95)固定在压杆(96)的上端，所述压脚(20)安装在压杆(96)的下端。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的一种缝纫机控制装置，其特征在于：所述缝纫机中还配置有膝靠顶杆(110)，所述膝靠顶杆(110)的上端与右杠杆(91)相连。
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