WO2022210900A1 - 電動機、圧縮機、及び冷凍装置 - Google Patents
電動機、圧縮機、及び冷凍装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022210900A1 WO2022210900A1 PCT/JP2022/016067 JP2022016067W WO2022210900A1 WO 2022210900 A1 WO2022210900 A1 WO 2022210900A1 JP 2022016067 W JP2022016067 W JP 2022016067W WO 2022210900 A1 WO2022210900 A1 WO 2022210900A1
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- phase
- winding
- windings
- armature
- series
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 501
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 67
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000576 Laminated steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
- H02K3/16—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots for auxiliary purposes, e.g. damping or commutating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/18—Windings for salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to electric motors, compressors, and refrigerators.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a stator core including a rotor and a stator, the stator having a back yoke formed in an annular shape and a plurality of teeth protruding radially inward from the back yoke; A support winding that is wound around the teeth so as to pass through slots formed between the plurality of teeth, generates an electromagnetic force that supports the rotor in a non-contact manner when energized, and generates magnetic poles inside the stator.
- a motor is disclosed that includes a support winding group having a plurality of . In this motor, two support windings are provided for each phase, and the support windings of the same phase are connected in parallel with each other.
- An object of the present disclosure is to reduce the size of an electric motor having at least one of four or more support windings and armature windings for each phase.
- a first aspect of the present disclosure comprises a rotor (30) and a stator (40), wherein the stator (40) comprises an annularly formed back yoke (51) and the back yoke (51 ) and a plurality of teeth (52) projecting radially inward from the stator core (50), and the teeth (52) passing through slots (53) formed between the plurality of teeth (52). ) to generate an electromagnetic force that supports the rotor (30) in a non-contact manner when energized, and has a plurality of support windings (61) that generate magnetic poles inside the stator (40).
- an armature winding group (70) having a plurality of armature windings (71) for generating an electromagnetic force to generate magnetic poles inside the stator (40); 60) and one winding group (60, 70) of the armature winding group (70) consist of a plurality of in-phase windings (61, 611u to 614u, 71, 711u to 718u) connected in series.
- a plurality of series winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u) are provided, and the series winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u) are the above-mentioned It is connected in parallel with the series winding set (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u).
- one winding group (60, 70) is a series winding set (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u), the in-phase windings (61, 611u to 614u, 71, 711u to 718u) constituting the one winding group (60, 70) are all connected in parallel, the crossover wire can be shortened. Therefore, the electric motor (20) can be miniaturized.
- a second aspect of the present disclosure is, in the first aspect, the plurality of in-phase series winding sets ( 621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u), the maximum absolute value of the difference in induced voltage is Included in the multiple in-phase series winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated by energization is smaller than the maximum absolute value of the difference in induced voltage that occurs in each winding (61, 611u to 614u, 71, 711u to 718u).
- the plurality of in-phase series winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated by energizing the other winding group (60, 70) , 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u) is calculated based on the magnetic flux generated when the other winding group (60, 70) is energized.
- Windings (61, 611u to 614u, 71, 711u to 718u), compared to the case where the maximum absolute value of the difference in induced voltage generated in each series winding set (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u-763u) can reduce the circulating current that flows due to the voltage difference.
- a third aspect of the present disclosure is, in the second aspect, the plurality of in-phase series winding sets connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated when the other winding group (60, 70) is energized. (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u), the maximum absolute value of the deviation of the amplitude value of the induced voltage is the other winding group ( 60, 70) are connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated by energizing the plurality of in-phase series winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u ⁇ 763u) is 1/3 or less of the maximum absolute value of the deviation of the amplitude value of the induced voltage occurring in each of the windings (61, 611u to 614u, 71, 711u to
- a fourth aspect of the present disclosure is, in the second aspect, the plurality of in-phase series winding sets connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated when the other winding group (60, 70) is energized. (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u), the maximum absolute value of the difference in induced voltage is the other winding group (60, 70 ) are connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated by energizing the above multiple in-phase series winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u) 1/2 or less of the maximum absolute value of the difference in induced voltage generated in each winding (61, 611u to 614u, 71, 711u to 718u) included in .
- the plurality of in-phase series winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u), the maximum absolute value of the difference in the induced voltage is the magnetic flux generated when the other winding group (60, 70) is energized.
- Windings (61, 611u ⁇ 614u, 71, 711u to 718u)
- the series winding set (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u , 751u, 752u, 761u-763u) can reduce the circulating current that flows due to the voltage difference.
- a fifth aspect of the present disclosure is, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, each of the series winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u) is composed of one or more sub winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 761u to 763u), and each sub winding set (621u, 622u , 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 761u to 763u) are arranged so that the angle formed by the winding axes of adjacent windings (61, 611u to 614u, 71, 711u to 718u) is 360°/k. It consists of k windings arranged.
- a plurality of series winding sets (621u, 622u, 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u to 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u to 763u) can reduce the induced voltage difference between the series winding sets Circulating currents that flow due to voltage differences can be reduced.
- a sixth aspect of the present disclosure is a compressor (1) comprising the electric motor (20) of any one of the first to fifth aspects.
- a seventh aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigeration system (100) including the compressor (1) of the sixth aspect.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a refrigeration system according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the configuration of the turbocompressor according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the bearingless motor according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing directions of currents flowing through the U-phase support winding group and the U-phase armature winding group in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a U-phase armature winding group according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart illustrating induced voltages generated in the first to fourth U-phase armature windings when the rotor is rotated and currents flow through the support winding groups.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart illustrating induced voltages generated in the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets when the rotor is rotated and a current is passed through the supporting winding groups.
- FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9 of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a view corresponding to FIG. 10 of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a U-phase support winding group according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration system (100) according to this embodiment.
- the refrigeration system (100) includes a turbocompressor (1), a condenser (2), an expansion mechanism (3), and an evaporator (4) according to this embodiment.
- the refrigeration system (100) operates as a refrigeration cycle in which a refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit shown in FIG. Specifically, the refrigerant discharged from the turbo-compressor (1) is introduced into the turbo-compressor (1) via the condenser (2), the expansion mechanism (3) and the evaporator (4). .
- FIG. 2 illustrates the configuration of a turbocompressor (1) according to an embodiment.
- the turbo compressor (1) is provided in a refrigerant circuit (not shown) and configured to compress refrigerant.
- the turbo compressor (1) comprises a casing (11), a drive shaft (12), an impeller (13) and one or more (two in this example) bearingless motors ( 20), a first touchdown bearing (14), a second touchdown bearing (15), a thrust magnetic bearing (16), a control section (17), and a power supply section (18).
- axial direction refers to the direction of the rotation axis and the direction of the axis of the drive shaft (12)
- radial direction refers to the direction of the drive shaft (12).
- the casing (11) is formed in a cylindrical shape with both ends closed and is arranged so that the axis of the cylinder is horizontal.
- the space in the casing (11) is partitioned by a wall (11a), and the space on the right side of the wall (11a) forms an impeller chamber (S1) that houses the impeller (13).
- the space on the left side of the space constitutes an electric motor room (S2) that accommodates the bearingless motor (20).
- the motor room (S2) houses a bearingless motor (20), a first touchdown bearing (14), a second touchdown bearing (15), and a thrust magnetic bearing (16).
- S2) is fixed to the inner peripheral wall.
- a drive shaft (12) is provided to rotationally drive the impeller (13).
- the drive shaft (12) extends axially within the casing (11) and connects the impeller (13) and the bearingless motor (20).
- an impeller (13) is fixed to one end of the drive shaft (12), and a bearingless motor (20) is arranged in the middle of the drive shaft (12).
- a disc-shaped portion (hereinafter referred to as “disc portion (12a)”) is provided on the other end of the drive shaft (12) (that is, the end opposite to the one end to which the impeller (13) is fixed). is provided.
- the drive shaft (12) is made of a magnetic material (for example, iron).
- the impeller (13) is formed to have a substantially conical outer shape with a plurality of blades, and is connected to the drive shaft (12).
- the impeller (13) is housed in the impeller chamber (S1) while being fixed to one end of the drive shaft (12).
- a suction pipe (P1) and a discharge pipe (P2) are connected to the impeller chamber (S1).
- the suction pipe (P1) is provided to guide refrigerant (fluid) from the outside to the impeller chamber (S1).
- the discharge pipe (P2) is provided to return the high-pressure refrigerant (fluid) compressed in the impeller chamber (S1) to the outside. That is, in this example, the impeller (13) and the impeller chamber (S1) constitute a compression mechanism.
- the bearingless motor (20) has a rotor (30) and a stator (40), supports the drive shaft (12) without contact by electromagnetic force, and rotationally drives the drive shaft (12) by electromagnetic force. It is configured to allow The rotor (30) is fixed to the drive shaft (12), and the stator (40) is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the casing (11). In this example, two bearingless motors (20) are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the drive shaft (12). The configuration of the bearingless motor (20) will be detailed later.
- the thrust magnetic bearing (16) has first and second thrust electromagnets (16a, 16b) and is configured to non-contactly support the disk portion (12a) of the drive shaft (12) by electromagnetic force.
- the first and second thrust electromagnets (16a, 16b) each have an annular stator core and a winding portion (electric wire), and the disk portion of the drive shaft (12) (12a) are opposed to each other, and the combined electromagnetic force of the first and second thrust electromagnets (16a, 16b) supports the disc portion (12a) of the drive shaft (12) in a non-contact manner.
- the combined electromagnetic force of the first and second thrust electromagnets (16a, 16b) is controlled to It is possible to control the position of the drive shaft (12) in the opposite direction of (16a, 16b) (that is, in the axial direction, the lateral direction in FIG. 1).
- Each part of the turbo compressor (1) is provided with various sensors (not shown) such as a position sensor, a current sensor, and a rotational speed sensor.
- the bearingless motor (20) is provided with a position sensor (not shown) that outputs a detection signal corresponding to the radial position of the rotor (30)
- the thrust magnetic bearing (16) is provided with a position sensor (not shown).
- a position sensor (not shown) that outputs a detection signal corresponding to the position of the drive shaft (12) in the thrust direction (axial direction).
- These position sensors are composed of, for example, eddy-current displacement sensors that detect gaps (distances) to the measurement object.
- the control unit (17) controls each part of the turbo compressor (1) so that the rotation speed of the drive shaft (12) reaches a predetermined target rotation speed while the drive shaft (12) is supported in a non-contact manner.
- a motor voltage command value and a thrust voltage command value are generated and output based on information such as detection signals from various sensors provided in the drive shaft (12) and information such as the target rotation speed of the drive shaft (12).
- the motor voltage command value is a command value for controlling the voltage supplied to the windings (electric wires) of the stator (40) of the bearingless motor (20).
- the thrust voltage command value is a command value for controlling the voltage supplied to the windings (electric wires) of the first and second thrust electromagnets (16a, 16b) of the thrust magnetic bearing (16).
- the control section (17) includes, for example, an arithmetic processing section such as a CPU, and a storage section such as a memory for storing programs and information for operating the arithmetic processing section.
- the power supply section (18) controls the winding section (electric wire) of the stator (40) of the bearingless motor (20). It is configured to supply a voltage to windings (electric wires) of the first and second thrust electromagnets (16a, 16b) of the thrust magnetic bearing (16).
- the power supply section (18) is composed of, for example, a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) amplifier.
- the first and second thrust electromagnets (16a, 16b) of the thrust magnetic bearing (16) can be controlled to control the combined electromagnetic force of the first and second thrust electromagnets (16a, 16b).
- FIG. 3 illustrates the configuration of the bearingless motor (20).
- the bearingless motor (20) constitutes an embedded magnet type bearingless motor.
- the rotor (30) has a rotor core (31) and four-pole permanent magnets (32) provided in the rotor core (31).
- the rotor core (31) is made of a magnetic material (for example, a laminated steel plate) and has a cylindrical shape.
- a shaft hole for inserting the drive shaft (12) is formed in the central portion of the rotor core (31).
- the four-pole permanent magnet (32) is embedded in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface (peripheral portion) of the rotor core (31), and the four-pole permanent magnet (32) has an N pole and an S pole on the outer peripheral surface side. They are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction every 90 degrees.
- the stator (40) has a stator core (50), a support winding group (60) and an armature winding group (70).
- the stator core (50) is made of a magnetic material (for example, laminated steel plates) and has a back yoke (51) and a plurality of (24 in this example) teeth (52).
- the back yoke (51) is formed in an annular shape (annular shape in this example).
- the plurality of teeth (52) protrude radially inward from the back yoke (51).
- the plurality of teeth (52) are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the stator (40). With such a configuration, between two teeth (52) adjacent in the circumferential direction of the stator (40), the support winding (61) and the armature winding group constituting the support winding group (60) are provided.
- a slot (53) is formed through which the armature winding (71) forming (70) passes. That is, a plurality of (24 in this example) slots (53) are formed between a plurality of (24 in this example) teeth (52) arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator (40).
- the support winding group (60) includes a plurality of support windings (61) made of a conductive material such as copper.
- the support windings (61) are wound around the teeth (52) by a distributed winding method so as to pass through slots (53) formed between the plurality of teeth (52). ) in a non-contact manner to generate magnetic poles inside the stator (40).
- Each support winding (61) is wound around one winding axis.
- the support winding group (60) is composed of a U-phase support winding (61u), a V-phase support winding (61v), and a W-phase support winding (61w).
- the U-phase support winding (61u) is wound around the tooth (52) so as to pass through two slots (53) facing each other.
- the V-phase and W-phase support windings (61v, 61w) are similarly wound around the teeth (52) so as to pass through two slots (53) facing each other.
- the armature winding group (70) includes a plurality of armature windings (71) made of a conductive material such as copper.
- the armature winding (71) is wound around the teeth (52) by a distributed winding method so as to pass through slots (53) formed between the plurality of teeth (52). 30) to rotate and generate magnetic poles inside the stator (40).
- Each armature winding (71) is wound around one winding axis.
- the armature winding group (70) consists of a U-phase armature winding group (70u), a V-phase armature winding group (70v), and a W-phase armature winding group (70w). It is
- the U-phase armature winding group (70u) is composed of first to fourth U-phase armature windings (711u to 714u), as shown in FIG.
- the first to fourth U-phase armature windings (711u to 714u) are rotated counterclockwise so that the angle between the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u to 714u) is 90°. They are provided in sequence at regular intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the U-phase armature winding group (70u) is, as shown in FIG.
- a second U-phase series armature winding consisting of a phase series armature winding set (721u) and second and fourth U-phase armature windings (712u, 714u) connected in series with each other It consists of a set (722u).
- Each U-phase series armature winding set (721u, 722u) consists of two armatures arranged so that the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u to 714u) form an angle of 180°. Consists of windings (711u to 714u).
- Each U-phase series armature winding set (721u, 722u) has an angle of 180° between the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u to 714u) (360°/k ), and consists of a set of sub-windings consisting of two (k) armature windings (711u to 714u).
- the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) are connected in parallel with each other. That is, each U-phase series armature winding set (721u, 722u) is a series armature winding set having the same phase as the U-phase series armature winding set (721u, 722u), that is, a U-phase series armature winding set. It is connected in parallel with the child winding set (721u, 722u).
- V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) are configured similarly to the U-phase armature winding group (70u).
- the armature winding group (70) is not connected to the supporting winding group (60) and is independent from the supporting winding group (60).
- the bearingless motor (20) is driven by the interaction between the magnet magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet (32) of the bearingless motor (20) and the drive magnetic flux generated in accordance with the current flowing through the armature winding group (70). An electromagnetic force is generated to rotate the drive shaft (12).
- FIG. 4 shows the directions of currents flowing through the first to fourth U-phase armature windings (711u to 714u) when a positive current flows in the direction indicated by arrow X in FIG.
- the bearingless motor (20) generates an electromagnetic force for supporting the drive shaft (12) in a non-contact manner through the interaction of the magnet magnetic flux and the support magnetic flux generated in response to the current flowing through the support winding group (60).
- FIG. 4 shows the direction of the current flowing when the U-phase support winding (61u) is supplied with current in a predetermined direction.
- the sum of the induced voltages generated in the first and third U-phase armature windings (711u, 713u) due to changes in the current flowing through the support winding group (60) and the magnetic flux of the magnet is the first U It becomes the voltage of the series armature winding set (721u) of the phase.
- the sum of the induced voltages generated in the second and fourth U-phase armature windings (712u, 714u) due to changes in the current flowing through the support winding group (60) and the magnetic flux of the magnet is the second U It becomes the voltage of the series armature winding set (722u) of the phase.
- the induced voltage is generated in the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) by the magnetic flux generated by the energization of the support winding group (60) and the magnet magnetic flux.
- the circulating current caused by the voltage difference between the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) can be reduced.
- V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) operate in the same manner as the U-phase armature winding group (70u), the V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v ,70w) can also be reduced.
- Embodiment 1 When a large circulating current flows through the armature winding group (70), the magnetic flux in the armature winding group (70) becomes unbalanced, and as a result, the magnetic flux controlled by the support winding group (60) is disturbed, causing rotation. There is a possibility that the child (30) cannot be supported. In Embodiment 1, the circulating current can be reduced as described above, so the rotor (30) can be supported more reliably.
- FIG. 6 shows induced voltages generated in the first to fourth U-phase armature windings (711u to 714u) when the rotor (30) is rotated and a current is passed through the support winding group (60). is exemplified.
- FIG. 7 is generated in the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) when the rotor (30) is rotated and a current is passed through the support winding group (60). An induced voltage is illustrated.
- the magnetic flux is generated in each of a plurality of U-phase (in-phase) series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated by energization of the support winding group (60).
- Equation 1 the average value of the amplitude values of the induced voltages of the U-phase armature windings (711u to 714u) is expressed by Equation 1 below.
- Equation 1 n is the number of U-phase armature windings (711u to 714u).
- Equation 2 the number of U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) is m.
- the deviation of the amplitude value of the induced voltage generated in each of the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) based on the magnetic flux generated when the support winding group (60) is energized is The maximum absolute value is determined based on the magnetic flux generated by the energization of the support winding group (60). It is 1/3 or less of the maximum absolute value of the deviation of the amplitude value of the induced voltage generated in each of the fourth U-phase armature windings (711u to 714u). This relationship also holds for the V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w).
- the absolute value of the difference in the induced voltage generated in each of the plurality of U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated when the support winding group (60) is energized is the armature winding included in a plurality of U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated by the energization of the support winding group (60). It is smaller than the maximum absolute value of the difference in the induced voltage that occurs at each (711u to 714u).
- the induced voltage generated in the n-th U-phase armature winding (71nu) is expressed as V un .
- the absolute values of the differences in the induced voltages are
- the maximum absolute value of the difference of the induced voltages generated in the armature windings (711u to 714u) at predetermined time intervals that is,
- the value of the absolute value of the difference in the induced voltage generated in each armature winding (711u to 714u) at predetermined time intervals is the absolute value of the difference in the induced voltage generated in each armature winding (711u to 714u). It is obtained by measuring every predetermined time during the half rotation period of the child (30).
- Vdiff_maxU be the maximum value of V u3 ⁇ V u4
- the induced voltage generated in the n-th U-phase series armature winding set (72nu) is expressed as Vugn .
- the absolute value of the difference in the induced voltage generated in each U-phase series armature winding set (721u, 722u), that is, in the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) The absolute value of the induced voltage difference can be expressed as
- the maximum value of the absolute value of the difference in the induced voltage generated in each U-phase series armature winding set (721u, 722u) for each predetermined time that is, the value
- Vdiff_max Ug is the maximum absolute value of the difference in induced voltage generated in each U-phase series armature winding set (721u, 722u)
- Vdiff_max Ug max
- the induced voltage generated in each of the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated when the support winding group (60) is energized is The maximum absolute value of the difference is included in the first and second series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated when the support winding group (60) is energized. 1/2 or less of the maximum absolute value of the difference in induced voltage generated in each of the first to fourth U-phase armature windings (711u to 714u). This relationship also holds for the V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w).
- the armature winding group (70) has a plurality of series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) each composed of a plurality of armature windings (711u to 714u) in the same phase.
- the crossover wires can be made shorter than when all the in-phase armature windings (71) forming the armature winding group (70) are connected in parallel. Therefore, the bearingless motor (20) can be miniaturized.
- each armature winding By changing the number of turns of (71), the voltage between both terminals of each phase armature winding group (70u, 70v, 70w) can be finely adjusted. Therefore, the degree of design freedom can be increased.
- the maximum value is the armature winding (711u) included in a plurality of in-phase series armature winding sets (721u, 722u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated by energizing the support winding group (60) ⁇ 714u), the maximum absolute value of the difference in the induced voltage was set to 1/2 or less.
- FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 of the second embodiment.
- an 8-pole permanent magnet (32) is embedded near the outer peripheral surface (outer peripheral portion) of the rotor core (31).
- the eight-pole permanent magnet (32) is arranged on the outer peripheral surface side so that N poles and S poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction at intervals of 45 degrees.
- the support winding group (60) includes a U-phase support winding group (60u), a V-phase support winding group (not shown), and a W-phase support winding group (not shown). consists of
- the U-phase support winding group (60u) consists of six U-phase support windings (61u).
- V-phase and W-phase support winding groups (not shown) are similarly composed of six support windings (61v, 61w).
- the U-phase armature winding group (70u) is composed of first to eighth U-phase armature windings (711u to 718u), as shown in FIG.
- the first to eighth U-phase armature windings (711u to 718u) are rotated counterclockwise so that the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u to 718u) form an angle of 45°. They are provided in sequence at regular intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the U-phase armature winding group (70u) consists of first, third, fifth and seventh U-phase armature windings (711u, 713u, 715u, 717u) connected in series.
- a second U-phase series armature winding set (732u) consisting of Each U-phase series armature winding set (731u, 732u) consists of four armatures arranged so that the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u to 718u) form an angle of 90°.
- the angle formed by the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u to 718u) is 90° (360°/k ), and consists of a set of sub-windings consisting of four (k) armature windings (711u to 718u).
- the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (731u, 732u) are connected in parallel with each other.
- each U-phase series armature winding set (731u, 732u) is a series armature winding set having the same phase as the U-phase series armature winding set (731u, 732u), that is, a U-phase series armature winding set. It is connected in parallel with the child winding set (731u, 732u).
- V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) are configured similarly to the U-phase armature winding group (70u).
- the first to eighth U-phase electric machines are arranged so as to cancel the change in the magnetic flux corresponding to the change in the current and the magnetic flux of the magnet. Induced voltages (induced electromotive forces) with different absolute values are generated in the child windings (711u to 718u). At this time, an induction occurs in the first, third, fifth and seventh U-phase armature windings (711u, 713u, 715u, 717u) due to changes in the current flowing through the support winding group (60) and the magnetic flux of the magnet.
- the voltage obtained by adding the voltages is the voltage of the first U-phase series armature winding set (731u).
- the induced voltage is generated in the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (731u, 732u) by the magnetic flux generated by the energization of the support winding group (60) and the magnet magnetic flux.
- the circulating current caused by the voltage difference between the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (731u, 732u) can be reduced.
- V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) operate similarly to the U-phase armature winding group (70u).
- FIG. 10 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9 of the third embodiment.
- the U-phase armature winding group (70u) is composed of first to fourth U-phase series armature winding sets (741u to 744u).
- the series armature winding set (741u) consists of first and fifth U-phase armature windings (711u, 715u).
- the second U-phase series armature winding set (742u) consists of second and sixth U-phase armature windings (712u, 716u).
- the third U-phase series armature winding set (743u) consists of third and seventh U-phase armature windings (713u, 717u).
- the fourth U-phase series armature winding set (744u) consists of fourth and eighth U-phase armature windings (714u, 718u).
- Each U-phase series armature winding set (741u to 744u) consists of two armatures arranged so that the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u to 718u) form an angle of 180°. Consists of windings (711u to 718u).
- Each U-phase series armature winding group (741u-744u) has an angle of 180° between the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u-718u) (360°/k ), and consists of a set of sub-windings consisting of two (k) armature windings (711u to 718u).
- the first to fourth U-phase series armature winding sets (741u to 744u) are connected in parallel with each other. That is, each U-phase series armature winding set (741u to 744u) is a series armature winding set having the same phase as the U-phase series armature winding set (741u to 744u), that is, a U-phase series armature winding set. It is connected in parallel with the child winding set (741u to 744u).
- V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) are configured similarly to the U-phase armature winding group (70u).
- the first to eighth U-phase electric machines are arranged so as to cancel out the change in the magnetic flux corresponding to the change in the current and the magnetic flux of the magnet. Induced voltages (induced electromotive forces) with different absolute values are generated in the child windings (711u to 718u). At this time, the sum of the induced voltages generated in the first and fifth U-phase armature windings (711u, 715u) due to changes in the current flowing through the support winding group (60) and the magnet flux is the first voltage. It becomes the voltage of the U-phase series armature winding set (741u). Similarly, the voltages of the second to fourth U-phase series armature winding sets (742u to 744u) are also determined by changes in the current flowing through the support winding group (60) and the magnetic flux of the magnet.
- the induced voltage is generated in the first to fourth U-phase series armature winding sets (741u to 744u) by the magnetic flux generated by the energization of the support winding group (60) and the magnet magnetic flux.
- the circulating current caused by the voltage difference between the first to fourth U-phase series armature winding sets (741u to 744u) can be reduced.
- V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) operate similarly to the U-phase armature winding group (70u).
- FIG. 11 is a view corresponding to FIG. 10 of the fourth embodiment.
- the U-phase armature winding group (70u) is composed of first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (751u, 752u).
- the first U-phase series armature winding set (751u) is the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (741u, 742u) in Embodiment 3, that is, the first, second, and second It consists of 5th and 6th U-phase armature windings (711u, 712u, 715u, 716u).
- the second U-phase series armature winding set (752u) corresponds to the third and fourth U-phase series armature winding sets (743u, 744u) in the third embodiment, that is, the third, fourth, and third armature winding sets (743u, 744u). It consists of 7th and 8th U-phase armature windings (713u, 714u, 717u, 718u).
- each U-phase series armature winding set (751u-752u) the angle formed by the winding axes of the adjacent armature windings (711u-718u) is 180° (360°/k ), and consists of two sub-winding sets consisting of two (k) armature windings (711u to 718u).
- the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (751u, 752u) are connected in parallel with each other. That is, each U-phase series armature winding set (751u, 752u) is a series armature winding set having the same phase as the U-phase series armature winding set (751u, 752u), that is, a U-phase series armature winding set. It is connected in parallel with the child winding set (751u, 752u).
- V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) are configured similarly to the U-phase armature winding group (70u).
- the first to eighth U-phase electric machines are arranged so as to cancel the change in the magnetic flux corresponding to the change in the current and the magnetic flux of the magnet. Induced voltages (induced electromotive force) with different absolute values are generated in the child windings (711u to 718u). At this time, it is possible to reduce the difference in the induced voltage generated in the first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (751u, 752u) due to changes in the current flowing through the support winding group (60u) and the magnetic flux of the magnet. can.
- the V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) operate similarly to the U-phase armature winding group (70u).
- Embodiment 4 the same circulating current reduction effect as in Embodiment 3 can be obtained.
- first and second U-phase series armature winding sets (741u, 742u) in the third embodiment are connected in series
- the third and fourth U-phase series armature winding sets in the third embodiment are connected in series. Since the winding sets (741u, 742u) are connected in series, the crossover wire can be shortened compared to the third embodiment. Therefore, the bearingless motor (20) can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 12 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 of the fifth embodiment.
- a 6-pole permanent magnet (32) is embedded near the outer peripheral surface (outer peripheral portion) of the rotor core (31).
- Each permanent magnet (32) is arranged so that N poles and S poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction every 60 degrees.
- the support winding group (60) includes a U-phase support winding group (60u), a V-phase support winding group (not shown), and a W-phase support winding group (not shown). consists of
- the U-phase support winding group (60u) is composed of first to fourth U-phase support windings (611u to 614u).
- the 1st to 4th U-phase support windings (611u to 614u) rotate counterclockwise in order so that the angle formed by the winding axes of adjacent support windings (611u to 614u) is 90°. They are provided at equal intervals in the direction.
- the U-phase support winding group (60u) is a first U-phase series support winding group (621u ) and a second U-phase series support winding set (622u) consisting of second and fourth U-phase support windings (612u, 614u) connected in series.
- Each U-phase series support winding set (621u, 622u) consists of two support windings ( 611u to 614u).
- each U-phase series supporting winding set (621u, 622u) has the same phase as the U-phase series supporting winding set (621u, 622u), that is, the U-phase series supporting winding set (621u, 622u) are connected in parallel.
- V-phase and W-phase support winding groups (60v, 60w) are configured similarly to the U-phase support winding group (60u).
- the U-phase armature winding group (70u) is composed of first to sixth U-phase armature windings (711u to 716u).
- the first to sixth U-phase armature windings (711u to 716u) are rotated counterclockwise so that the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u to 716u) form an angle of 60°. They are provided in sequence at regular intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the U-phase armature winding group (70u) is composed of first to third U-phase series armature winding sets (761u to 763u).
- the first U-phase series armature winding set (761u) consists of first and fourth U-phase armature windings (711u, 714u).
- the second U-phase series armature winding set (762u) consists of second and fifth U-phase armature windings (712u, 715u).
- the third U-phase series armature winding set (763u) consists of third and sixth U-phase armature windings (713u, 716u).
- Each U-phase series armature winding set (761u to 763u) consists of two armatures arranged so that the winding axes of adjacent armature windings (711u to 716u) form an angle of 180°. Consists of windings (711u to 716u). In each U-phase series armature winding set (761u to 763u), the angle formed by the winding axes of the adjacent armature windings (711u to 716u) is 180° (360°/k ), and consists of a set of sub-windings consisting of two (k) armature windings (711u to 716u).
- each U-phase series armature winding set (761u to 763u) is a series armature winding set having the same phase as the U-phase series armature winding set (761u to 763u), that is, a U-phase series armature winding set. It is connected in parallel with the child winding set (761u to 763u).
- V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) are configured similarly to the U-phase armature winding group (70u).
- the first to the sixth U are arranged so as to cancel out the change in the magnetic flux corresponding to the change in the current and the magnetic flux of the magnet.
- Induced voltages induced electromotive forces
- the difference in induced voltage generated in the first to third U-phase series armature winding sets (761u to 763u) due to changes in the current flowing through the support winding group (60) and the magnetic flux of the magnet becomes smaller.
- the V-phase and W-phase armature winding groups (70v, 70w) operate similarly to the U-phase armature winding group (70u).
- the first to fourth U-phase support windings are arranged so as to cancel the change in the magnetic flux corresponding to the change in the current and the magnetic flux of the magnet.
- Lines (611u to 614u) generate induced voltages (induced electromotive forces) with different absolute values.
- the difference in the induced voltage generated in the first and second U-phase series support winding sets (621u, 622u) due to changes in the current flowing through the armature winding group (70) and the magnetic flux of the magnet becomes smaller.
- the V-phase and W-phase support winding groups (60v, 60w) operate similarly to the U-phase support winding group (60u).
- magnetic flux is generated in each of a plurality of U-phase (in-phase) series support winding sets (621u, 622u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated when the armature winding group (70) is energized.
- the maximum absolute value of the deviation of the amplitude value of the induced voltage is the multiple U-phase series support winding sets (621u , 622u) is 1/3 or less of the maximum absolute value of the deviation of the amplitude value of the induced voltage occurring in each of the support windings (611u to 614u) included in the support windings (611u to 614u). This relationship also holds true for the V-phase and W-phase support winding groups (60v, 60w).
- the maximum absolute value of is the support included in a plurality of U-phase series support winding sets (621u, 622u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated when the armature winding group (70) is energized. It is smaller than the maximum absolute value of the deviation of the amplitude value of the induced voltage occurring in each winding (611u to 614u). This relationship also holds true for the V-phase and W-phase support winding groups (60v, 60w).
- the difference in the induced voltage generated in each of the plurality of U-phase (in-phase) series support winding sets (621u, 622u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated when the armature winding group (70) is energized The maximum absolute value of is the support included in a plurality of U-phase series support winding sets (621u, 622u) connected in parallel based on the magnetic flux generated when the armature winding group (70) is energized. 1/2 or less of the maximum absolute value of the difference in induced voltage generated in each winding (611u to 614u). This relationship also holds true for the V-phase and W-phase support winding groups (60v, 60w).
- the support winding group (60) has a plurality of series support winding sets (621u, 622u) each composed of a plurality of in-phase support windings (61). 60) can be shortened compared to the case where all the support windings (61) that constitute 60) are connected in parallel with each other. Therefore, the bearingless motor (20) can be miniaturized.
- the support winding (61) and the armature winding (71) are wound around the teeth (52) by the distributed winding method, but they may be wound by the concentrated winding method.
- each U-phase series armature winding set (751u to 752u) is composed of one or two sub-winding sets. It may be composed of three or more sub-winding sets.
- the number of U-phase support windings (61u) provided in the U-phase support winding group (60u) is six, but it may be ten.
- the number of U-phase support windings (61u) provided in the U-phase support winding group (60u) may be ⁇ 2 poles. The same applies to the V-phase and W-phase support winding groups.
- the present disclosure is useful as electric motors, compressors, and refrigerators.
- turbo compressor 20 bearingless motor (electric motor) 30 rotor 40 stator 50 stator core 51 back yoke 52 teeth 53 slots 60 support winding group 61 support winding 70 armature winding group 71 armature winding 100 refrigerator 621u, 622u series support winding set 721u, 722u, 731u, 732u, 741u ⁇ 744u, 751u, 752u, 761u ⁇ 763u series armature winding set
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Abstract
Description
〈冷凍装置の構成〉
図1は、本実施形態に係る冷凍装置(100)の冷媒回路の概略図である。
図2は、実施形態によるターボ圧縮機(1)の構成を例示している。ターボ圧縮機(1)は、冷媒回路(図示を省略)に設けられて冷媒を圧縮するように構成されている。この例では、ターボ圧縮機(1)は、ケーシング(11)と、駆動軸(12)と、インペラ(13)と、1つまたは複数(この例では2つ)の電動機としてのベアリングレスモータ(20)と、第1タッチダウン軸受(14)と、第2タッチダウン軸受(15)と、スラスト磁気軸受(16)と、制御部(17)と、電源部(18)とを備えている。
ケーシング(11)は、両端が閉塞された円筒状に形成され、円筒軸線が水平向きとなるように配置されている。ケーシング(11)内の空間は、壁部(11a)によって区画され、壁部(11a)よりも右側の空間がインペラ(13)を収容するインペラ室(S1)を構成し、壁部(11a)よりも左側の空間がベアリングレスモータ(20)を収容する電動機室(S2)を構成している。また、電動機室(S2)には、ベアリングレスモータ(20)と第1タッチダウン軸受(14)と第2タッチダウン軸受(15)とスラスト磁気軸受(16)が収容され、これらが電動機室(S2)の内周壁に固定されている。
駆動軸(12)は、インペラ(13)を回転駆動するために設けられている。この例では、駆動軸(12)は、ケーシング(11)内を軸方向に延びてインペラ(13)とベアリングレスモータ(20)とを連結している。具体的には、駆動軸(12)の一端部にインペラ(13)が固定され、駆動軸(12)の中間部にベアリングレスモータ(20)が配置されている。また、駆動軸(12)の他端部(すなわちインペラ(13)が固定された一端部とは反対側の端部)には、円盤状の部分(以下「円盤部(12a)と記載」)が設けられている。なお、駆動軸(12)は、磁性材料(例えば鉄)で構成されている。
インペラ(13)は、複数の羽根によって外形が略円錐形状となるように形成され、駆動軸(12)に連結されている。この例では、インペラ(13)は、駆動軸(12)の一端部に固定された状態で、インペラ室(S1)に収容されている。インペラ室(S1)には、吸入管(P1)と吐出管(P2)とが接続されている。吸入管(P1)は、冷媒(流体)を外部からインペラ室(S1)に導くために設けられている。吐出管(P2)は、インペラ室(S1)内で圧縮された高圧の冷媒(流体)を外部へ戻すために設けられている。すなわち、この例では、インペラ(13)とインペラ室(S1)とによって圧縮機構が構成されている。
ベアリングレスモータ(20)は、回転子(30)と固定子(40)とを有し、電磁力により駆動軸(12)を非接触で支持し且つ電磁力により駆動軸(12)を回転駆動させるように構成されている。回転子(30)は、駆動軸(12)に固定され、固定子(40)は、ケーシング(11)の内周壁に固定されている。この例では、駆動軸(12)の軸方向において2つのベアリングレスモータ(20)が並んで配置されている。なお、ベアリングレスモータ(20)の構成については、後で詳述する。
スラスト磁気軸受(16)は、第1および第2スラスト電磁石(16a,16b)を有し、駆動軸(12)の円盤部(12a)を電磁力によって非接触で支持するように構成されている。具体的には、第1および第2スラスト電磁石(16a,16b)は、それぞれが円環状に形成された固定子コアと巻線部(電線)とを有し、駆動軸(12)の円盤部(12a)を挟んで互いに対向し、第1および第2スラスト電磁石(16a,16b)の合成電磁力により駆動軸(12)の円盤部(12a)を非接触に支持する。すなわち、第1および第2スラスト電磁石(16a,16b)に流れる電流を制御することにより、第1および第2スラスト電磁石(16a,16b)の合成電磁力を制御して第1および第2スラスト電磁石(16a,16b)の対向方向(すなわち軸方向、図1では左右方向)における駆動軸(12)の位置を制御することができる。
ターボ圧縮機(1)の各部には、位置センサや電流センサや回転速度センサなどの各種センサ(図示を省略)が設けられている。例えば、ベアリングレスモータ(20)には、回転子(30)のラジアル方向(径方向)における位置に応じた検出信号を出力する位置センサ(図示を省略)が設けられ、スラスト磁気軸受(16)には、駆動軸(12)のスラスト方向(軸方向)における位置に応じた検出信号を出力する位置センサ(図示を省略)が設けられている。これらの位置センサは、例えば、測定対象物との間のギャップ(距離)を検出する渦電流式の変位センサによって構成されている。
制御部(17)は、駆動軸(12)が非接触で支持された状態で駆動軸(12)の回転速度が予め定められた目標回転速度となるように、ターボ圧縮機(1)の各部に設けられた各種センサからの検出信号や駆動軸(12)の目標回転速度などの情報に基づいて、モータ電圧指令値とスラスト電圧指令値とを生成して出力するように構成されている。モータ電圧指令値は、ベアリングレスモータ(20)の固定子(40)の巻線部(電線)に供給される電圧を制御するための指令値である。スラスト電圧指令値は、スラスト磁気軸受(16)の第1および第2スラスト電磁石(16a,16b)の巻線部(電線)に供給される電圧を制御するための指令値である。制御部(17)は、例えば、CPUなどの演算処理部や、演算処理部を動作させるためのプログラムや情報を記憶するメモリなどの記憶部などによって構成されている。
電源部(18)は、制御部(17)から出力されたモータ電圧指令値とスラスト電圧指令値とに基づいて、ベアリングレスモータ(20)の固定子(40)の巻線部(電線)とスラスト磁気軸受(16)の第1および第2スラスト電磁石(16a,16b)の巻線部(電線)に電圧をそれぞれ供給するように構成されている。電源部(18)は、例えば、PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)アンプによって構成されている。
図3は、ベアリングレスモータ(20)の構成を例示している。この例では、ベアリングレスモータ(20)は、埋込磁石型のベアリングレスモータを構成している。
回転子(30)は、回転子コア(31)と、回転子コア(31)に設けられた4極の永久磁石(32)とを有している。
回転子コア(31)は、磁性材料(例えば積層鋼板)で構成され、円柱状に形成されている。回転子コア(31)の中央部には、駆動軸(12)を挿通するためのシャフト孔が形成されている。
4極の永久磁石(32)は、回転子コア(31)の外周面の近傍(外周部)に埋設され、4極の永久磁石(32)は、外周面側にN極とS極とが90度ごとに周方向に交互に並ぶように配設されている。
固定子(40)は、固定子コア(50)と、支持巻線群(60)と、電機子巻線群(70)とを有している。
固定子コア(50)は、磁性材料(例えば積層鋼板)で構成され、バックヨーク(51)と複数(この例では24本)のティース(52)とを有している。バックヨーク(51)は、環状(この例では円環状)に形成されている。複数のティース(52)は、バックヨーク(51)の径方向内側に突出している。複数のティース(52)は、固定子(40)の周方向に所定の間隔をおいて配列されている。このような構成により、固定子(40)の周方向において隣り合う2つのティース(52)の間には、支持巻線群(60)を構成する支持巻線(61)と電機子巻線群(70)を構成する電機子巻線(71)が通過するスロット(53)が形成されている。すなわち、固定子(40)の周方向に配列された複数(この例では24本)のティース(52)の間に複数(この例では24個)のスロット(53)がそれぞれ形成されている。
支持巻線群(60)は、銅などの導電材料により構成された複数の支持巻線(61)を備えている。支持巻線(61)は、上記複数のティース(52)間に形成されたスロット(53)を通過するように上記ティース(52)に分布巻方式で巻回され、通電により上記回転子(30)を非接触で支持する電磁力を発生させ、固定子(40)内側に磁極を発生させる。各支持巻線(61)は、1本の巻回軸を中心に巻回されている。
電機子巻線群(70)は、銅などの導電材料により構成された複数の電機子巻線(71)を備えている。電機子巻線(71)は、上記複数のティース(52)間に形成されたスロット(53)を通過するように上記ティース(52)に分布巻方式で巻回され、通電により上記回転子(30)を回転駆動させる電磁力を発生させ、固定子(40)内側に磁極を発生させる。各電機子巻線(71)は、1本の巻回軸を中心に巻回されている。
ベアリングレスモータ(20)は、ベアリングレスモータ(20)の永久磁石(32)によって生じる磁石磁束と、電機子巻線群(70)を流れる電流に応じて発生する駆動磁束との相互作用によって、駆動軸(12)を回転させるための電磁力を発生させる。
Vdiff_maxUg=max|Vug1-Vug2|
となる。
図8は、実施形態2の図4相当図である。
図10は、実施形態3の図9相当図である。本実施形態3では、U相の電機子巻線群(70u)が、第1~第4のU相の直列電機子巻線組(741u~744u)で構成されている、第1のU相の直列電機子巻線組(741u)は、第1及び第5のU相の電機子巻線(711u,715u)からなる。第2のU相の直列電機子巻線組(742u)は、第2及び第6のU相の電機子巻線(712u,716u)からなる。第3のU相の直列電機子巻線組(743u)は、第3及び第7のU相の電機子巻線(713u,717u)からなる。第4のU相の直列電機子巻線組(744u)は、第4及び第8のU相の電機子巻線(714u,718u)からなる。各U相の直列電機子巻線組(741u~744u)は、隣り合う電機子巻線(711u~718u)の巻回軸のなす角が180°となるように配置された2個の電機子巻線(711u~718u)からなる。各U相の直列電機子巻線組(741u~744u)は、隣り合う電機子巻線(711u~718u)の巻回軸のなす角が180°(k=2としたときの360°/k)となるように配置された2個(k個)の電機子巻線(711u~718u)からなる1組のサブ巻線組で構成されている。第1~第4のU相の直列電機子巻線組(741u~744u)は、互いに並列に接続されている。つまり、各U相の直列電機子巻線組(741u~744u)は、当該U相の直列電機子巻線組(741u~744u)と同相の直列電機子巻線組、すなわちU相の直列電機子巻線組(741u~744u)と並列に接続されている。
図11は、実施形態4の図10相当図である。本実施形態4では、U相の電機子巻線群(70u)が、第1及び第2のU相の直列電機子巻線組(751u,752u)で構成されている。第1のU相の直列電機子巻線組(751u)は、実施形態3における第1及び第2のU相の直列電機子巻線組(741u,742u)、すなわち第1、第2、第5及び第6のU相の電機子巻線(711u,712u,715u,716u)からなる。第2のU相の直列電機子巻線組(752u)は、実施形態3における第3及び第4のU相の直列電機子巻線組(743u,744u)、すなわち第3、第4、第7及び第8のU相の電機子巻線(713u,714u,717u,718u)からなる。
図12は、実施形態5の図4相当図である。
上記実施形態1~5では、支持巻線(61)及び電機子巻線(71)をティース(52)に分布巻方式で巻回したが、集中巻方式で巻回してもよい。
20 ベアリングレスモータ(電動機)
30 回転子
40 固定子
50 固定子コア
51 バックヨーク
52 ティース
53 スロット
60 支持巻線群
61 支持巻線
70 電機子巻線群
71 電機子巻線
100 冷凍装置
621u、622u 直列支持巻線組
721u、722u、731u、732u、741u~744u、751u、752u、761u~763u 直列電機子巻線組
Claims (7)
- 回転子(30)と、
固定子(40)とを備え、
上記固定子(40)は、
環状に形成されたバックヨーク(51)と、該バックヨーク(51)の径方向内側に突出する複数のティース(52)とを有する固定子コア(50)と、
上記複数のティース(52)間に形成されたスロット(53)を通過するように上記ティース(52)に巻回され、通電により上記回転子(30)を非接触で支持する電磁力を発生させ、固定子(40)内側に磁極を発生させる支持巻線(61)を複数有している支持巻線群(60)と、
上記複数のティース(52)間に形成されたスロット(53)を通過するように上記ティース(52)に巻回され、通電により上記回転子(30)を回転駆動させる電磁力を発生させ、固定子(40)内側に磁極を発生させる電機子巻線(71)を複数有している電機子巻線群(70)とを有し、
上記支持巻線群(60)及び上記電機子巻線群(70)の一方の巻線群は、互いに直列に接続された同相の複数の巻線(61,611u~614u,71,711u~718u)からなる直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)を複数有し、
上記直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)は、当該直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)と同相の上記直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)と並列に接続される電動機。 - 請求項1に記載の電動機において、
他方の巻線群(60,70)が通電して発生する磁束に基づいて並列に接続された上記複数の同相の直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)毎に生じる誘起電圧の差分の絶対値の最大値は、
他方の巻線群(60,70)が通電して発生する磁束に基づいて並列に接続された上記複数の同相の直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)に含まれる巻線(61,611u~614u,71,711u~718u)毎に生じる誘起電圧の差分の絶対値の最大値よりも小さい電動機。 - 請求項2に記載の電動機において、
上記他方の巻線群(60,70)が通電して発生する磁束に基づいて並列に接続された上記複数の同相の直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)毎に生じる誘起電圧の振幅値の偏差の絶対値の最大値は、
上記他方の巻線群(60,70)が通電して発生する磁束に基づいて並列に接続された上記複数の同相の直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)に含まれる巻線(61,611u~614u,71,711u~718u)毎に生じる誘起電圧の振幅値の偏差の絶対値の最大値の1/3以下である電動機。 - 請求項2に記載の電動機において、
上記他方の巻線群(60,70)が通電して発生する磁束に基づいて並列に接続された上記複数の同相の直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)毎に生じる誘起電圧の差分の絶対値の最大値は、
上記他方の巻線群(60,70)が通電して発生する磁束に基づいて並列に接続された上記複数の同相の直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)に含まれる巻線(61,611u~614u,71,711u~718u)毎に生じる誘起電圧の差分の絶対値の最大値の1/2以下である電動機。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の電動機において、
各上記直列巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,751u,752u,761u~763u)は、1組以上のサブ巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,761u~763u)で構成され、各サブ巻線組(621u,622u,721u,722u,731u,732u,741u~744u,761u~763u)は、隣り合う巻線(61,611u~614u,71,711u~718u)の巻回軸のなす角が360°/kとなるように配置されたk個の巻線からなる電動機。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の電動機(20)を備えた圧縮機。
- 請求項6に記載の圧縮機(1)を備えた冷凍装置。
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