WO2022209316A1 - 磁気記録媒体 - Google Patents

磁気記録媒体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022209316A1
WO2022209316A1 PCT/JP2022/004840 JP2022004840W WO2022209316A1 WO 2022209316 A1 WO2022209316 A1 WO 2022209316A1 JP 2022004840 W JP2022004840 W JP 2022004840W WO 2022209316 A1 WO2022209316 A1 WO 2022209316A1
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Prior art keywords
particles
magnetic
recording medium
less
magnetic recording
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2022/004840
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
実 山鹿
太 佐々木
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Sony Group Corp
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Sony Group Corp
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Priority to US18/284,420 priority Critical patent/US12367904B2/en
Priority to JP2023510592A priority patent/JP7736058B2/ja
Publication of WO2022209316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022209316A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/62—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
    • G11B5/68—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent
    • G11B5/70—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer
    • G11B5/706—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by the composition of the magnetic material
    • G11B5/70626—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by the composition of the magnetic material containing non-metallic substances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B23/00—Record carriers not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Accessories, e.g. containers, specially adapted for co-operation with the recording or reproducing apparatus ; Intermediate mediums; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for their manufacture
    • G11B23/02—Containers; Storing means both adapted to cooperate with the recording or reproducing means
    • G11B23/037—Single reels or spools
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/62—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
    • G11B5/68—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent
    • G11B5/70—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/62—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
    • G11B5/68—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent
    • G11B5/70—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer
    • G11B5/706—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by the composition of the magnetic material
    • G11B5/70626—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by the composition of the magnetic material containing non-metallic substances
    • G11B5/70642—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by the composition of the magnetic material containing non-metallic substances iron oxides
    • G11B5/70678—Ferrites
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/62—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
    • G11B5/68—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent
    • G11B5/70—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer
    • G11B5/708—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by addition of non-magnetic particles to the layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/62—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
    • G11B5/68—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent
    • G11B5/70—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer
    • G11B5/708—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by addition of non-magnetic particles to the layer
    • G11B5/7085—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by addition of non-magnetic particles to the layer non-magnetic abrasive particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/62—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
    • G11B5/68—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent
    • G11B5/70—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer
    • G11B5/714—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material comprising one or more layers of magnetisable material homogeneously mixed with a bonding agent on a base layer characterised by the dimension of the magnetic particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/62—Record carriers characterised by the selection of the material
    • G11B5/73—Base layers, i.e. all non-magnetic layers lying under a lowermost magnetic recording layer, e.g. including any non-magnetic layer in between a first magnetic recording layer and either an underlying substrate or a soft magnetic underlayer
    • G11B5/735—Base layers, i.e. all non-magnetic layers lying under a lowermost magnetic recording layer, e.g. including any non-magnetic layer in between a first magnetic recording layer and either an underlying substrate or a soft magnetic underlayer characterised by the back layer
    • G11B5/7356—Base layers, i.e. all non-magnetic layers lying under a lowermost magnetic recording layer, e.g. including any non-magnetic layer in between a first magnetic recording layer and either an underlying substrate or a soft magnetic underlayer characterised by the back layer comprising non-magnetic particles in the back layer, e.g. particles of TiO2, ZnO or SiO2
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/74—Record carriers characterised by the form, e.g. sheet shaped to wrap around a drum
    • G11B5/78—Tape carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/84—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing record carriers

Definitions

  • This technology relates to magnetic recording media.
  • Magnetic recording media are often used as media for recording large amounts of data.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a tape having a multilayer structure including at least a magnetic layer, the total thickness of the tape being 5.6 ⁇ m or less, and the surface of the magnetic layer the depth D1 of the recesses divided by the thickness D2 of the magnetic layer is 15% or more; the magnetic layer is perpendicularly oriented; The magnetic layer has a degree of vertical orientation of 65% or more, and a plurality of recesses having a thickness of 20% or more of the thickness of the magnetic layer are formed in the magnetic layer, and the number of the recesses is 6,000 of the magnetic layer.
  • a magnetic recording tape is disclosed that has 55 or more per 400 ⁇ m 2 surface area.
  • magnetic tapes magnetic recording media
  • magnetic tapes magnetic recording media
  • the demand for the reliability of magnetic tapes is also increasing.
  • the abrasive power of the magnetic tape it is also important to maintain the abrasive power of the magnetic tape, for example, in order to clean the deposits that have adhered to the magnetic head. Multiple runs of the magnetic tape may also cause a reduction in the abrasive force of the magnetic tape against the magnetic head.
  • a solid lubricant component for example, carbon particles that act as the solid lubricant.
  • a component for example, particles with a high Mohs hardness, particularly alumina, etc.
  • abrasive effect for magnetic head cleaning.
  • Inclusion of a combination of these two components in the magnetic tape is conceivable to prevent frictional force increase and to clean the magnetic head.
  • the main purpose of this technology is to provide a magnetic recording medium with a high recording density that can prevent an increase in frictional force even when it is run many times. Furthermore, in addition to preventing the increase in the frictional force, the present technology further aims to maintain the polishing force during multiple runs.
  • the magnetic layer contains first particles having conductivity and second particles having a Mohs hardness of 7 or more, protrusions are formed on the surface of the magnetic layer by the first particles and the second particles;
  • the ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 2.3 or less.
  • a magnetic recording medium is provided, wherein the average height (H 2 ) of protrusions formed by the second particles is 7 nm or less.
  • the first particles may be carbon particles.
  • the second particles may be inorganic particles.
  • the second particles may be alumina particles.
  • the magnetic powder may have at least one of plate-like, spherical, and rectangular shapes.
  • the number of projections formed by the second particles on the magnetic layer side surface may be two or more per unit area ( ⁇ m 2 ).
  • the ratio of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more to the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 4 nm or more may be 20% or less.
  • the number of projections formed by the first particles on the magnetic layer side surface may be 0.3 or more and 1.9 or less per unit area ( ⁇ m 2 ).
  • the ratio of the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more to the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 4 nm or more may be 60% or less.
  • the average thickness (average total thickness) can be 5.7 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average thickness of the magnetic layer may be 0.08 ⁇ m or less.
  • Abrasivity for AlTiC prisms can satisfy the following relational expression.
  • the magnetic layer contains first particles having conductivity and second particles having a Mohs hardness of 7 or more, protrusions are formed on the surface of the magnetic layer by the first particles and the second particles;
  • the ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 2.3 or less.
  • a magnetic recording medium wherein the average height (H 1 ) of protrusions formed by the first particles is 12 nm or less.
  • the present technology provides a magnetic recording cartridge in which the magnetic recording medium is wound around a reel and housed in a case.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic recording medium according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a dedicated jig for measuring abrasivity.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an ablity bar;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the wear amount (scraping amount) of an ablity bar.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a recording/reproducing device;
  • FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a magnetic recording medium in a modified example;
  • 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a magnetic recording cartridge;
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a cartridge memory;
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a modification of the magnetic recording cartridge;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of servo patterns in a servo band; It is a figure for demonstrating the measuring method of PES.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining correction of movement of the tape in the width direction;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing temporal changes in the standard deviation ⁇ PES, and a cross-sectional view schematically showing changes in the appearance of protrusions formed by carbon particles on the surface of the magnetic layer. It is a figure which shows the time-dependent change of standard deviation (sigma)PES. It is a figure which shows the time-dependent change of standard deviation (sigma)PES.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the relationship between protrusions formed by first particles (carbon particles) P1 and second particles (alumina particles) P2 and a magnetic head.
  • FIG. It is an image which shows an example of the surface shape imaged by AFM. It is a figure which shows an example of the projection analysis result by AFM. It is a figure which shows an example of protrusion height distribution by AFM. It is an example of an FE-SEM image. It is a composite image obtained by superimposing an AFM image and an FE-SEM image.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a composite image obtained by superimposing an AFM image and an FE-SEM image;
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of AFM analysis results for line 1 (Line 1) in FIG. 22;
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of AFM analysis results for line 1 (Line 1) in FIG. 22;
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of AFM analysis results for line 1 (Line 1) in FIG. 22;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cumulative frequency distribution of heights of protrusions formed by first particles (carbon black particles);
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cumulative frequency distribution of heights of protrusions formed by second particles (alumina particles); It is a figure which shows the cumulative frequency distribution of the height of the protrusions formed by the first particles (carbon black particles) and the cumulative frequency distribution of the height of the protrusions formed by the second particles (alumina particles).
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the shape of particles of magnetic powder; It is an example of a TEM photograph of a sample cross section. It is another example of a TEM photograph of a cross section of a sample.
  • the measurement shall be performed in an environment of 25°C ⁇ 2°C and 50% RH ⁇ 5% RH.
  • the present inventors found that an increase in frictional force can be prevented by adjusting the height of projections formed by first particles and the height of projections formed by second particles, which will be described below. rice field.
  • the inventors have also found that it is possible to maintain the polishing power.
  • the first particles may be particles having the effect of a solid lubricant and having electrical conductivity.
  • the second particles may be particles with a high Mohs hardness, which provide abrasive and anchoring effects, and may also provide magnetic head cleaning effects.
  • a magnetic recording medium has a magnetic layer containing magnetic powder, and the magnetic layer contains first particles having conductivity and second particles having a Mohs hardness of 7 or more.
  • the first particles may have electrical conductivity and function as a solid lubricant.
  • the second particles have a Mohs hardness of 7 or more, preferably 9 or more, and can have a polishing effect and an anchoring effect.
  • the first particles and the second particles form projections on the magnetic layer side surface, and the average height (H 1 ) of the projections formed by the first particles and the height of the projections formed by the second particles are
  • the average height (H 2 ) ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) is 2.3 or less, preferably 2.1 or less, more preferably 1.9 or less, still more preferably 1.7 or less, and even more preferably 1 .6 or less.
  • the lower limit of the average height ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the projections is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1.0 or more, preferably 1.1 or more, and more preferably. can be greater than or equal to 1.2.
  • the average height (H 1 ) of protrusions formed by the first particles is 12 nm or less, preferably 11.5 nm or less, more preferably 10.5 nm or less, and even more preferably 9.5 nm. 8.5 nm or less, and more preferably 8.5 nm or less.
  • the lower limit of the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles is not particularly limited. Preferably, it may be 6.0 nm or more.
  • the average height (H 2 ) of protrusions formed by the second particles is 7 nm or less, preferably 6.5 nm or less, more preferably 6.0 nm or less, and even more preferably 5.5 nm. Below, and more preferably below 5.3 nm.
  • the lower limit of the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is not particularly limited. Preferably, it may be 3.0 nm or more.
  • the number of protrusions formed by the first particles on the magnetic layer side surface is preferably 0.3 or more and 1.9 or less, more preferably 0.4 per unit area ( ⁇ m 2 ). 1.8 or less, more preferably 0.5 or more and 1.7 or less, still more preferably 0.6 or more and 1.6 or less.
  • the method for measuring the number of projections formed by the first particles is described in 2. below. (3) explains.
  • the ratio of the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more to the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 4 nm or more is preferably 60% or less, more preferably 60% or less. can be 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, even more preferably 30% or less.
  • the method for measuring the ratio of the first particles is described in 2. below. (3) explains.
  • the number of projections formed by the second particles on the magnetic layer side surface may be two or more per unit area ( ⁇ m 2 ).
  • the method for measuring the number of projections formed by the first particles is described in 2. below. (3) explains.
  • the ratio of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more to the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 4 nm or more is 20% or less, preferably 18% or less. , more preferably 16% or less, and still more preferably 14% or less.
  • the lower limit of the ratio of the second particles is not particularly limited, it may preferably be 0% or more. The method for measuring the ratio of the second particles is described in 2. below. (3) explains.
  • a magnetic recording medium according to the present technology is preferably a long magnetic recording medium, and can be, for example, a magnetic recording tape (particularly a long magnetic recording tape).
  • a magnetic recording medium may include a magnetic layer, a nonmagnetic layer (underlayer), a base layer, and a back layer in this order, and may include other layers in addition to these layers.
  • the other layer may be appropriately selected according to the type of magnetic recording medium.
  • the magnetic recording medium is a coating type magnetic recording medium. For layers included in the magnetic recording medium other than the above four layers, refer to these descriptions.
  • the magnetic recording medium according to the present technology preferably has an abrasivity of 12 with respect to the AlTiC prisms, from the viewpoint of improving abrasive power, cleaning deposits attached to the magnetic head, and suppressing an increase in friction against the magnetic head.
  • abrasivity of 12 with respect to the AlTiC prisms from the viewpoint of improving abrasive power, cleaning deposits attached to the magnetic head, and suppressing an increase in friction against the magnetic head.
  • 0.5 or higher more preferably 13.0 or higher, even more preferably 14.0 or higher, even more preferably 15.0 or higher.
  • the method for measuring the abrasivity of AlTiC prisms is described in 2 below. (3) explains.
  • the abrasivity of AlTiC prisms is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 19 or less, and further preferably 20 or less, more preferably 19 or less, from the viewpoint of preventing the progress of wear of the magnetic head and breakage of the magnetic head due to excessively high abrasive power. It can be preferably 18 or less, and even more preferably 17 or less.
  • the abrasivity for AlTiC prisms can preferably satisfy the following relational expression. 12.5 ⁇ Abrasivity ⁇ 20 Further, the abrasivity for AlTiC prisms can more preferably satisfy the following relational expression. 13.0 ⁇ Abrasivity ⁇ 19 Further, the abrasivity for AlTiC prisms can more preferably satisfy the following relational expression. 14.0 ⁇ Abrasivity ⁇ 18 Further, the abrasivity for AlTiC prisms can more preferably satisfy the following relational expression. 15.0 ⁇ Abrasivity ⁇ 17
  • the average thickness (average total thickness) tT of the magnetic recording medium according to the present technology is, for example, 5.7 ⁇ m or less, preferably 5.6 ⁇ m or less, 5.5 ⁇ m or less, 5.4 ⁇ m or less, 5.3 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5 .2 ⁇ m or less, 5.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 4.6 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 4.4 ⁇ m or less. Since the magnetic recording medium is so thin, it is possible, for example, to increase the tape length wound up in one magnetic recording cartridge, thereby increasing the recording capacity per magnetic recording cartridge. can be done.
  • the lower limit of the average thickness (average total thickness) tT of the magnetic recording medium is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 3.5 ⁇ m ⁇ tT .
  • the average thickness tm of the magnetic layer of the magnetic recording medium according to the present technology is preferably 0.08 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.07 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 0.06 ⁇ m or less, 0.05 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or less. 04 ⁇ m or less.
  • the lower limit of the average thickness tm of the magnetic layer is not particularly limited, it may preferably be 0.03 ⁇ m or more.
  • the method for measuring the average thickness of the magnetic layer is described in 2. below. (3) explains.
  • the average thickness of the non-magnetic layer (average thickness of the underlayer) of the magnetic recording medium according to the present technology is preferably 1.2 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or less, 0.9 ⁇ m or less, or 0.8 ⁇ m or less, or 0 0.7 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.6 ⁇ m or less.
  • the lower limit of the average thickness of the non-magnetic layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more.
  • the method for measuring the average thickness of the non-magnetic layer is described in 2. below. (3) explains.
  • the average thickness of the base layer of the magnetic recording medium according to the present technology can be preferably 4.5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 4.2 ⁇ m or less, 4.0 ⁇ m or less, 3.6 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • the method for measuring the average thickness of the base layer is described in 2. below. (3) explains.
  • the average thickness of the back layer of the magnetic recording medium according to the present technology can be preferably 0.6 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 0.4 ⁇ m or less, 0.3 ⁇ m or less, or 0.25 ⁇ m or less. .
  • the method for measuring the average thickness of the back layer is described in 2. below. (3) explains.
  • the average particle volume of the magnetic powder contained in the magnetic recording medium of the present technology may be 2600 nm 3 or less, preferably 2000 nm 3 or less, and more preferably 1600 nm 3 or less. By having the average particle volume within the above numerical range, the electromagnetic conversion characteristics are improved. Although the magnetic powder contained in the magnetic recording medium of the present technology has such a very small average particle volume, the magnetic recording medium of the present technology has excellent thermal stability as described above. Although it is difficult to achieve both electromagnetic conversion characteristics and thermal stability, the present technology can improve both electromagnetic conversion characteristics and thermal stability.
  • the average particle volume of the magnetic powder may be, for example, 500 nm 3 or more, especially 700 nm 3 or more. The method for measuring the average particle volume of the magnetic powder is described in 2. below. (3) explains.
  • the squareness ratio in the vertical direction is preferably 65% or more, more preferably 67% or more, and even more preferably 70% or more.
  • the perpendicular orientation of the magnetic powder is sufficiently high, so that a better cNR can be obtained. Therefore, better electromagnetic conversion characteristics can be obtained.
  • the method for measuring the squareness ratio in the vertical direction is described in 2 below. (3) explains.
  • a magnetic recording medium consistent with the present technology may have, for example, at least one data band and at least two servo bands.
  • the number of data bands can be, for example, 2-10, especially 3-6, more especially 4 or 5.
  • the number of servo bands can be, for example, 3-11, especially 4-7, more especially 5 or 6.
  • These servo bands and data bands may be arranged, for example, so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of an elongated magnetic recording medium (particularly a magnetic recording tape), in particular substantially parallel.
  • the data band and the servo band may be provided on the magnetic layer.
  • a magnetic recording medium having data bands and servo bands in this way a magnetic recording tape conforming to the LTO (Linear Tape-Open) standard can be mentioned.
  • a magnetic recording medium according to the present technology may be a magnetic recording tape according to the LTO standard.
  • a magnetic recording medium consistent with the present technology may be a magnetic recording tape conforming to LTO8 or later standards (eg, LTO9, LTO10, LTO11, LTO12, etc.).
  • the width of the elongated magnetic recording medium (especially magnetic recording tape) according to the present technology is, for example, 5 mm to 30 mm, particularly 7 mm to 25 mm, more particularly 10 mm to 20 mm, and even more particularly 11 mm to It can be 19 mm.
  • the length of the elongated magnetic recording medium (especially magnetic recording tape) can be, for example, 500m to 1500m.
  • the tape width according to the LTO8 standard is 12.65 mm and the length is 960 m.
  • the magnetic recording medium 10 is, for example, a perpendicularly oriented magnetic recording medium, and as shown in FIG.
  • the surface on which the magnetic layer 13 is provided is referred to as the magnetic surface
  • the surface opposite to the magnetic surface (the surface on which the back layer 14 is provided) is referred to as the magnetic surface. ) is called the back surface.
  • the magnetic recording medium 10 has a long shape, and runs in the longitudinal direction during recording and reproduction.
  • the magnetic recording medium 10 may be configured to record signals at the shortest recording wavelength of preferably 100 nm or less, more preferably 75 nm or less, even more preferably 60 nm or less, and particularly preferably 50 nm or less. It can be used in a recording/reproducing device whose wavelength is within the above range.
  • This recording/reproducing apparatus may have a ring-type head as a recording head.
  • the recording track width is, for example, 2 ⁇ m or less.
  • the base layer 11 can function as a support for the magnetic recording medium 10, and can be, for example, a flexible elongated non-magnetic substrate, particularly a non-magnetic film.
  • the average thickness of the base layer 11 is, for example, preferably 4.5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 4.2 ⁇ m or less, and can be 4.0 ⁇ m or less, 3.6 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • the lower limit of the average thickness of the base layer 11 may be determined, for example, from the viewpoint of the film production limit of the film or the function of the base layer 11 .
  • the base layer 11 may include, for example, at least one of polyester-based resin, polyolefin-based resin, cellulose derivative, vinyl-based resin, aromatic polyetherketone resin, and other polymer resins.
  • the base layer 11 contains two or more of the above materials, the two or more materials may be mixed, copolymerized, or laminated.
  • the polyester resin for example, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PBN (polybutylene naphthalate), PCT (polycyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate), PEB (polyethylene- p-oxybenzoate), and polyethylene bisphenoxycarboxylate, or a mixture of two or more.
  • the base layer 11 may be formed from PET or PEN.
  • the polyolefin resin may be, for example, one or a mixture of two or more of PE (polyethylene) and PP (polypropylene).
  • the cellulose derivative may be, for example, one or a mixture of two or more of cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, CAB (cellulose acetate butyrate), and CAP (cellulose acetate propionate).
  • the vinyl resin may be, for example, one or a mixture of two or more of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and PVDC (polyvinylidene chloride).
  • the aromatic polyether ketone resin is, for example, one or two of PEK (polyether ketone), PEEK (polyether ether ketone), PEKK (polyether ketone ketone), and PEEKK (polyether ether ketone ketone) It may be a mixture of more than one species.
  • base layer 11 may be formed from PEEK.
  • PA polyamide, nylon
  • aromatic PA aromatic polyamide, aramid
  • PI polyimide
  • aromatic PI aromatic polyimide
  • PAI polyamideimide
  • aromatic PAI aromatic polyamideimide
  • PBO polybenzoxazole, e.g. Zylon®, polyether, polyetherester, PES (polyethersulfone), PEI (polyetherimide), PSF (polysulfone), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PC (polycarbonate), PAR (polyarylate), and PU (polyurethane), or a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the magnetic layer 13 can be, for example, a perpendicular recording layer.
  • the magnetic layer 13 contains magnetic powder.
  • the magnetic layer 13 contains, in addition to magnetic powder, conductive first particles and second particles having a Mohs hardness of 7 or more.
  • the magnetic layer 13 may further contain, for example, a binder.
  • the magnetic layer 13 may further contain additives such as lubricants and antirust agents, if necessary.
  • the average thickness t m of the magnetic layer 13 is preferably 0.08 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.07 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 0.06 ⁇ m or less, 0.05 ⁇ m or less, or 0.04 ⁇ m or less.
  • the lower limit of the average thickness t m of the magnetic layer 13 is not particularly limited, it may preferably be 0.03 ⁇ m or more. The fact that the average thickness tm of the magnetic layer 13 is within the above numerical range contributes to the improvement of the electromagnetic conversion characteristics.
  • the magnetic layer 13 is preferably a vertically oriented magnetic layer.
  • perpendicular orientation means that the squareness ratio S1 measured in the longitudinal direction (running direction) of the magnetic recording medium 10 is 35% or less.
  • the magnetic layer 13 may be an in-plane oriented (longitudinal) magnetic layer. That is, the magnetic recording medium 10 may be a horizontal recording type magnetic recording medium. However, vertical orientation is more preferable in terms of high recording density.
  • Examples of magnetic particles forming the magnetic powder contained in the magnetic layer 13 include epsilon-type iron oxide ( ⁇ iron oxide), gamma hematite, magnetite, chromium dioxide, cobalt-coated iron oxide, hexagonal ferrite, barium ferrite (BaFe), Co ferrite, strontium ferrite, and metals may include, but are not limited to.
  • the magnetic powder may be one of these, or may be a combination of two or more.
  • the magnetic powder may include ⁇ -iron oxide magnetic powder, barium ferrite magnetic powder, cobalt ferrite magnetic powder, or strontium ferrite magnetic powder.
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide may contain Ga and/or Al.
  • the average particle size (average maximum particle size) D of the magnetic powder is preferably 22 nm or less, more preferably 8 nm or more and 22 nm or less, and even more preferably 10 nm or more and 20 nm or less.
  • the average particle size D of the magnetic powder is determined as follows. First, the magnetic recording medium 10 to be measured is processed by FIB (Focused Ion Beam) method or the like to prepare a thin piece, and the cross section of the thin piece is observed by TEM. Next, 500 ⁇ -iron oxide particles are randomly selected from the TEM photograph taken, and the maximum particle size d max of each particle is measured to determine the particle size distribution of the maximum particle size d max of the magnetic powder.
  • the “maximum particle size d max ” means the so-called maximum Feret diameter, specifically, the distance between two parallel lines drawn from all angles so as to touch the contour of the ⁇ -iron oxide particle. means the largest of Thereafter, the median diameter (50% diameter, D50) of the maximum particle size d max is determined from the particle size distribution of the maximum particle size d max , and this is defined as the average particle size (average maximum particle size) D of the magnetic powder.
  • the shape of the magnetic powder is preferably plate-like, spherical, or rectangular.
  • the shape of the magnetic powder depends on the crystal structure of the magnetic particles.
  • Plate-shaped magnetic powders include, for example, BaFe and strontium ferrite having a hexagonal plate-like shape.
  • Magnetic powders having a spherical shape include, for example, ⁇ -iron oxide.
  • Magnetic powder having a rectangular shape includes, for example, cobalt ferrite having a cubic shape.
  • the magnetic powder may preferably contain a powder of nanoparticles containing ⁇ -iron oxide (hereinafter referred to as " ⁇ -iron oxide particles").
  • ⁇ -iron oxide particles can obtain a high coercive force even when they are fine particles.
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide contained in the ⁇ -iron oxide particles is preferably crystal-oriented preferentially in the thickness direction (perpendicular direction) of the magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide particles have a spherical or nearly spherical shape, or have a cubic or nearly cubic shape. Since the ⁇ -iron oxide particles have the above-described shape, the thickness of the medium using the ⁇ -iron oxide particles as the magnetic particles is reduced compared to the case where the hexagonal plate-shaped barium ferrite particles are used as the magnetic particles. It is possible to reduce the contact area between the particles in the direction and suppress the aggregation of the particles. Therefore, it is possible to improve the dispersibility of the magnetic powder and obtain a better SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio).
  • ⁇ -iron oxide particles have a core-shell structure. Specifically, the ⁇ -iron oxide particles are provided with a core portion and a two-layered shell portion provided around the core portion.
  • the shell portion having a two-layer structure includes a first shell portion provided on the core portion and a second shell portion provided on the first shell portion.
  • the core portion contains ⁇ -iron oxide.
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide contained in the core portion preferably has an ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 crystal as a main phase, more preferably a single-phase ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 .
  • the first shell part covers at least part of the periphery of the core part.
  • the first shell portion may partially cover the periphery of the core portion, or may cover the entire periphery of the core portion. From the viewpoint of ensuring sufficient exchange coupling between the core portion and the first shell portion and improving the magnetic properties, it is preferable that the entire surface of the core portion is covered.
  • the first shell part is a so-called soft magnetic layer, and may contain a soft magnetic material such as ⁇ -Fe, Ni-Fe alloy or Fe-Si-Al alloy.
  • ⁇ -Fe may be obtained by reducing ⁇ -iron oxide contained in the core.
  • the second shell portion is an oxide film as an antioxidant layer.
  • the second shell portion may comprise alpha iron oxide, aluminum oxide, or silicon oxide.
  • Alpha-iron oxide can include, for example, at least one iron oxide of Fe 3 O 4 , Fe 2 O 3 , and FeO.
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide may be obtained by oxidizing the ⁇ -Fe contained in the first shell.
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide particles have the first shell portion as described above, thermal stability can be ensured.
  • the coercive force Hc of the particles (core-shell type particles) as a whole can be adjusted to a coercive force Hc suitable for recording.
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide particles have the second shell portion as described above, the ⁇ -iron oxide particles are exposed to the air during and before the manufacturing process of the magnetic recording medium 10, and the particle surfaces are rusted. and the like can be suppressed from deteriorating the properties of the ⁇ -iron oxide particles. Therefore, deterioration of the characteristics of the magnetic recording medium 10 can be suppressed.
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide particles may have a shell portion with a single-layer structure.
  • the shell portion has the same configuration as the first shell portion.
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide particles may contain an additive instead of a core-shell structure, or may have a core-shell structure and contain an additive. In these cases, some of the Fe in the ⁇ -iron oxide particles is replaced by the additive.
  • the coercive force Hc of the entire ⁇ -iron oxide particles can also be adjusted to a coercive force Hc suitable for recording, so that the ease of recording can be improved.
  • the additive is a metal element other than iron, preferably a trivalent metal element, more preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), and indium (In).
  • the ⁇ -iron oxide containing the additive is an ⁇ -Fe 2-x M x O 3 crystal (here, M is a metal element other than iron, preferably a trivalent metal element, more preferably Al , Ga, and In, where x satisfies, for example, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.
  • the magnetic powder may be barium ferrite (BaFe) magnetic powder.
  • the barium ferrite magnetic powder contains iron oxide magnetic particles having barium ferrite as the main phase (hereinafter referred to as "barium ferrite particles").
  • Barium ferrite magnetic powder has high data recording reliability, for example, its coercive force does not decrease even in a hot and humid environment. From this point of view, barium ferrite magnetic powder is preferable as the magnetic powder.
  • the average particle size of the barium ferrite magnetic powder can be 50 nm or less, more preferably 10 nm or more and 40 nm or less, and even more preferably 12 nm or more and 25 nm or less.
  • the average thickness t m [nm] of the magnetic layer 13 is preferably 0.08 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.07 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 0.06 ⁇ m or less.
  • the coercive force Hc measured in the thickness direction (perpendicular direction) of the magnetic recording medium 10 is preferably 160 kA/m or more and 280 kA/m or less, more preferably 165 kA/m or more and 275 kA/m or less, and even more preferably 170 kA/m. m or more and 270 kA/m or less.
  • the magnetic powder can be cobalt ferrite magnetic powder.
  • Cobalt ferrite magnetic powder contains iron oxide magnetic particles having cobalt ferrite as a main phase (hereinafter referred to as "cobalt ferrite magnetic particles").
  • Cobalt ferrite magnetic particles preferably have uniaxial anisotropy.
  • Cobalt ferrite magnetic particles for example, have a cubic or nearly cubic shape.
  • Cobalt ferrite is cobalt ferrite containing Co.
  • Cobalt ferrite may further contain, in addition to Co, one or more selected from the group consisting of Ni, Mn, Al, Cu, and Zn.
  • Cobalt ferrite has, for example, an average composition represented by the following formula (1).
  • CoxMyFe2Oz ( 1 ) M is, for example, one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Ni, Mn, Al, Cu, and Zn.
  • x is 0.4 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.0
  • y is a value within the range of 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.3, provided that x and y satisfy the relationship (x+y) ⁇ 1.0, z is 3 ⁇ z ⁇ It is a value within the range of 4.
  • a part of Fe may be substituted with other metal elements.
  • the average particle size of the cobalt ferrite magnetic powder is preferably 25 nm or less, more preferably 23 nm or less.
  • the coercive force Hc of the cobalt ferrite magnetic powder is preferably 2500 Oe or more, more preferably 2600 Oe or more and 3500 Oe or less.
  • the magnetic powder may include powder of nanoparticles containing hexagonal ferrite (hereinafter referred to as "hexagonal ferrite particles").
  • Hexagonal ferrite particles have, for example, a hexagonal plate shape or a substantially hexagonal plate shape.
  • the hexagonal ferrite may preferably contain at least one of Ba, Sr, Pb, and Ca, more preferably at least one of Ba and Sr.
  • the hexagonal ferrite may in particular be barium ferrite or strontium ferrite, for example.
  • Barium ferrite may further contain at least one of Sr, Pb, and Ca in addition to Ba.
  • the strontium ferrite may further contain at least one of Ba, Pb, and Ca in addition to Sr. More specifically, hexagonal ferrite can have an average composition represented by the general formula MFe 12 O 19 .
  • M is, for example, at least one of Ba, Sr, Pb and Ca, preferably at least one of Ba and Sr.
  • M may be a combination of Ba and one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Sr, Pb and Ca.
  • M may be a combination of Sr and one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Ba, Pb and Ca. Part of Fe in the above general formula may be substituted with another metal element.
  • the average particle size of the magnetic powder may be preferably 50 nm or less, more preferably 10 nm or more and 40 nm or less, and even more preferably 15 nm or more and 30 nm or less.
  • the first particles have conductivity.
  • fine particles containing carbon as a main component can be used, and for example, carbon particles can be preferably used, and examples of such carbon particles include carbon black.
  • carbon black for example, Asahi #15, #15HS manufactured by Asahi Carbon Co., Ltd. can be used.
  • hybrid carbon in which carbon is attached to the surface of silica particles may be used.
  • the second particles may have a Mohs hardness of 7 or higher, preferably 7.5 or higher, more preferably 8 or higher, and even more preferably 8.5 or higher, from the viewpoint of suppressing deformation due to contact with the magnetic head. From the viewpoint of suppressing head wear, the Mohs hardness of the second particles may preferably be 9.5 or less.
  • the second particles may preferably be inorganic particles, such as ⁇ -alumina, ⁇ -alumina, ⁇ -alumina, silicon carbide, chromium oxide, cerium oxide, ⁇ -iron oxide, and corundum having an ⁇ conversion rate of 90% or more.
  • alumina particles such as ⁇ -alumina, ⁇ -alumina and ⁇ -alumina, and silicon carbide are preferably used. These second particles may have any shape such as acicular, spherical, or dice-like, but those having corners in a part of the shape are preferred because they have high abrilliance.
  • Protrusions are formed on the surface of the magnetic layer by each of the first particles and the second particles.
  • the ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 2.3 or less, It can be preferably 2.1 or less, more preferably 1.9 or less, even more preferably 1.7 or less, and even more preferably 1.6 or less.
  • the lower limit of the average height ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the projections is not particularly limited, but for example, it is preferably 1.0 or more, more preferably 1.1 or more, and still more preferably It can be 1.2 or more.
  • the average height (H 1 ) of protrusions formed by the first particles is 12 nm or less, preferably 11.5 nm or less, more preferably 10.5 nm or less, still more preferably 9.5 nm or less, and even more preferably 8. It can be 5 nm or less. Since the magnetic recording medium has an average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles within the above numerical range, the spacing between the magnetic head and the magnetic recording medium is reduced, and It contributes to making it possible to maintain an appropriate polishing force for the magnetic head with little increase in friction due to running.
  • the lower limit of the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles is not particularly limited. Preferably, it may be 6.0 nm or more.
  • the average height (H 2 ) of protrusions formed by the second particles is 7 nm or less, preferably 6.5 nm or less, more preferably 6.0 nm or less, even more preferably 5.5 nm or less, and even more preferably 5. It can be 3 nm or less. Since the magnetic recording medium has an average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles within the above numerical range, the spacing between the magnetic head and the magnetic recording medium can be reduced and It contributes to making it possible to maintain an appropriate polishing force for the magnetic head with little increase in friction due to running.
  • the lower limit of the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is not particularly limited. Preferably, it may be 3.0 nm or more.
  • the number of protrusions formed by the first particles on the magnetic layer side surface is preferably 0.3 or more and 1.9 or less, more preferably 0.4 per unit area ( ⁇ m 2 ). 1.8 or less, more preferably 0.5 or more and 1.7 or less, still more preferably 0.6 or more and 1.6 or less.
  • the ratio of the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more to the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 4 nm or more is preferably 60% or less, more preferably 60% or less. can be 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, even more preferably 30% or less.
  • the number of projections formed by the second particles on the magnetic layer side surface may be two or more per unit area ( ⁇ m 2 ).
  • the ratio of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more to the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 4 nm or more is 20% or less, preferably 18% or less. , more preferably 16% or less, and still more preferably 14% or less.
  • the lower limit of the ratio of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more is not particularly limited, but may preferably be 0% or more.
  • the binder it is preferable to use a resin having a structure obtained by imparting a cross-linking reaction to a polyurethane-based resin or a vinyl chloride-based resin.
  • the binder is not limited to these, and other resins may be blended as appropriate depending on the physical properties required for the magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • the resin to be blended is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin commonly used in the coating type magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • binder examples include polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylic acid ester-acrylonitrile copolymer.
  • acrylate-vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer acrylate-vinylidene chloride copolymer, methacrylate-vinylidene chloride copolymer, methacrylate-vinyl chloride copolymer, methacrylate-ethylene copolymer
  • Polymer polyvinyl fluoride, vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, polyamide resin, polyvinyl butyral, cellulose derivatives (cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose propionate, nitro cellulose), styrene-butadiene copolymers, polyester resins, amino resins, and synthetic rubbers.
  • Thermosetting resins or reactive resins may be used as the binder, and examples thereof include phenol resins, epoxy resins, urea resins, melamine resins, alkyd resins, silicone resins, polyamine resins, and urea formaldehyde resin.
  • polar functional groups such as —SO 3 M, —OSO 3 M, —COOM, and P ⁇ O(OM) 2 are introduced into each of the binders described above for the purpose of improving the dispersibility of the magnetic powder.
  • M is a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal such as lithium, potassium, and sodium.
  • the polar functional groups include side chain types having terminal groups of -NR1R2, -NR1R2R3 + X - , and main chain types of >NR1R2 + X - .
  • R1, R2 and R3 are hydrogen atoms or hydrocarbon groups
  • X- is a halogen element ion such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, or an inorganic or organic ion.
  • Polar functional groups also include -OH, -SH, -CN, and epoxy groups.
  • the magnetic layer 13 contains nonmagnetic reinforcing particles such as aluminum oxide ( ⁇ , ⁇ , or ⁇ alumina), chromium oxide, silicon oxide, diamond, garnet, emery, boron nitride, titanium carbide, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, and titanium oxide. (rutile-type or anatase-type titanium oxide) and the like may be further contained.
  • nonmagnetic reinforcing particles such as aluminum oxide ( ⁇ , ⁇ , or ⁇ alumina), chromium oxide, silicon oxide, diamond, garnet, emery, boron nitride, titanium carbide, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, and titanium oxide. (rutile-type or anatase-type titanium oxide) and the like may be further contained.
  • the non-magnetic layer (underlayer) 12 is a non-magnetic layer containing non-magnetic powder and a binder as main components.
  • the above description of the binder contained in the magnetic layer 13 also applies to the binder contained in the non-magnetic layer 12 .
  • the non-magnetic layer 12 may further contain at least one additive selected from first particles, lubricants, hardeners, rust inhibitors, and the like, if necessary.
  • the average thickness of the nonmagnetic layer 12 is preferably 1.2 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or less, 0.9 ⁇ m or less, or 0.8 ⁇ m or less, or 0.7 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 0.6 ⁇ m or less. sell.
  • the lower limit of the average thickness of the non-magnetic layer 12 is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more.
  • the non-magnetic powder contained in the non-magnetic layer 12 can contain, for example, at least one selected from inorganic particles and organic particles.
  • One type of non-magnetic powder may be used alone, or two or more types of non-magnetic powder may be used in combination.
  • Inorganic particles include, for example, one or a combination of two or more selected from metals, metal oxides, metal carbonates, metal sulfates, metal nitrides, metal carbides, and metal sulfides. More specifically, the inorganic particles can be, for example, one or more selected from iron oxyhydroxide, hematite, titanium oxide, and carbon black.
  • Examples of the shape of the non-magnetic powder include various shapes such as acicular, spherical, cubic, and plate-like, but are not particularly limited to these.
  • the back layer 14 may contain a binder and non-magnetic powder.
  • the back layer 14 may contain various additives such as a lubricant, a curing agent, and an antistatic agent, if necessary.
  • a lubricant such as a lubricant, a curing agent, and an antistatic agent, if necessary.
  • the above description of the binder and non-magnetic powder contained in the non-magnetic layer 12 also applies to the binder and non-magnetic powder contained in the back layer 14 .
  • the average particle size of the inorganic particles contained in the back layer 14 is preferably 10 nm or more and 150 nm or less, more preferably 15 nm or more and 110 nm or less.
  • the average particle size of the inorganic particles is determined in the same manner as the average particle size D of the magnetic powder.
  • the average thickness tb of the back layer 14 is preferably 0.6 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 0.4 ⁇ m or less, 0.3 ⁇ m or less, 0.25 ⁇ m or less, or 0.2 ⁇ m or less. sell. Since the average thickness t b of the back layer 14 is within the above range, even when the average thickness (average total thickness) t T of the magnetic recording medium 10 is t T ⁇ 5.7 ⁇ m, the non-magnetic layer 12 and the base layer The average thickness of the magnetic recording medium 11 can be kept thick, so that the running stability of the magnetic recording medium 10 in the recording/reproducing apparatus can be maintained.
  • the height of the protrusion formed by each of the first particles and the second particles is determined by shape analysis and field emission scanning using an atomic force microscope (hereinafter referred to as AFM) for the same portion of the measurement sample, as described below.
  • AFM atomic force microscope
  • FE-SEM image analysis of the component using the brightness difference due to the difference in the secondary electron emission amount of the first particle and the second particle Measured by making a decision.
  • the AFM can measure the height of each projection, and the FE-SEM can identify whether each projection is formed by the first particle or the second particle.
  • the image obtained by the AFM for the same location and the image obtained by the FE-SEM for the certain region are superimposed to obtain a composite image, and from the obtained composite image, the particles forming each protrusion (whether it is a first particle or a second particle) can be associated with the height of each protrusion.
  • a method for measuring the height of protrusions using AFM, a method for identifying the type of particles forming protrusions using FE-SEM, and a method for associating the height of protrusions with the types of particles forming protrusions are described below.
  • the height of the protrusion formed by each of the first particles and the second particles is obtained as follows. First, from the magnetic recording medium 10 in the user data area (24 m or more from the leader pin) in the LTO cartridge, a size that fits on the sample table for SEM observation is cut out to prepare a measurement sample. Next, the surface of the measurement sample is marked, avoiding the central portion of the measurement sample. Examples of the marking method include a method of forming linear or point-like depressions on the magnetic recording medium 10 with a manipulator, a nine-denter, or the like, and a method of forming protrusions on the magnetic recording medium 10 with silver paste or the like. .
  • the tip of the probe may become dirty and an accurate shape image may not be obtained. is preferred.
  • the shape of the marking portion on the surface of the measurement sample is analyzed by AFM. Since the marked portion is recessed, the measurement is performed with an AFM at a viewing angle of 5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5 ⁇ m so that the marked portion is positioned as close to the edge of the field of view as possible. Protrusions around the marking portion shall not be measured. Next, measurement is performed at a viewing angle of 10 ⁇ m ⁇ 10 ⁇ m to determine a mark portion, and a portion without marking is measured at a viewing angle of 5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5 ⁇ m in alignment with the mark portion.
  • the measurement conditions for the shape analysis are as described below.
  • For each of the first particles and the second particles when 20 or more particles can be identified from one measurement sample in one field of view of AFM, one field of view is measured by AFM.
  • For each of the first particles and the second particles if less than 20 particles can be identified in one field of view of AFM, a plurality of fields (for example, 3 to 5) are measured from one measurement sample.
  • For each of the first particles and the second particles, 20 points identified as particles are secured by binarization processing, the 20 measured values by AFM are averaged, and the obtained average value is used as the height of the protrusion. do.
  • FIG. 17 is an example of an image showing an example of a surface shape captured by AFM.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of a projection analysis result by AFM.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of height distribution of protrusions. Data such as the number of protrusions formed and the height of protrusions formed by the particles can be obtained from the obtained information.
  • FIG. 20A is an example of an FE-SEM image. From the obtained FE-SEM image, it is possible to identify the type of particles forming the protrusions by using the luminance difference due to the difference in the amount of secondary electron emission between the first particles and the second particles. Image processing for the identification will be described later. Also, the position of the protrusion formed by each of the first particles and the second particles in the FE-SEM image is identified.
  • the obtained FE-SEM image (Fig. A in Fig. 20) is subjected to binarization processing using the image processing software Image J under each of the two processing conditions described below.
  • Information on the number of projections formed by each of the first particles and the second particles, the average area per projection, the total area of the projections, and the diameter of the projections (Feret diameter) from the image obtained by the binarization process. is obtained.
  • the second particles with high brightness white areas in Figure A in FIG. 20
  • the first particles with low brightness black areas in Figure A in FIG. 20
  • B diagram in FIG. 20 is a second particle (alumina particle) formed by binarizing the FE-SEM image of A diagram in FIG. 20 under the binarization processing conditions of the second particle (alumina particle) It is an image showing the positional distribution of protrusions. The following information about the second particles was obtained from the obtained image.
  • Diagram C in FIG. 20 is formed by the first particles (carbon black particles) obtained by binarizing the FE-SEM image of Diagram A in FIG. 20 under the binarization processing conditions of the first particles (carbon black particles).
  • 10 is an image showing the positional distribution of the projections formed. The following information regarding the first particles was obtained from the obtained image.
  • FIG. 21 is a composite image in which the AFM image ( Figure B) and the FE-SEM image ( Figure A) are superimposed so that the positions of the corresponding projections match.
  • Figure C in FIG. 21 is a composite image in which the AFM image ( Figure B) and the FE-SEM image ( Figure A) are superimposed so that the positions of the corresponding projections match.
  • the positions of the protrusions formed by the first particles P1 and the protrusions formed by the second particles P2 determined by the binarization process, which are present in the FE-SEM image (Fig.
  • each position is marked differently so that the positions of the protrusions can be distinguished from each other.
  • the position of the protrusion formed by the first particle (carbon black particle) P1 and the second particle (alumina particle) determined by the binarization process, which are present in the AFM image (Fig. B) before image synthesis. ) are marked differently at each location so that they can be distinguished from the location of the protrusion formed by P2. From the composite image in which the AFM image (Fig. B) and the FE-SEM image (Fig. A) are superimposed so that the positions of the corresponding projections are aligned, each projection is the first particle P1 or the second particle P2. It is determined from which particles it is formed.
  • the marked portion was measured with an AFM at a viewing angle of 10 ⁇ m ⁇ 10 ⁇ m, and then the portion without the marking was measured at a viewing angle of 5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5 ⁇ m. does not exist in
  • FIG. 22 is an enlarged view of a composite image obtained by superimposing an AFM image and an FE-SEM image.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the analysis results (projection height measurement results) by AFM for line 1 (Line 1) set at an arbitrary position in FIG. As shown in FIG. 23, the height of the projections formed by the first particles (carbon black particles) and the second particles (alumina particles) present on line 1 can be identified. Thus, the height of each protrusion is specified from the composite image and the AFM analysis result.
  • the average height of the protrusions formed by the first particles, the average height of the protrusions formed by the second particles, the average height ratio of the protrusions, and 10 nm A ratio of projections formed by first particles having a height of 10 nm or more or projections formed by second particles having a height of 10 nm or more is obtained.
  • the average height of the protrusions and the ratio of protrusions formed by particles having a height of 10 nm or more can be obtained, for example, from the cumulative frequency distribution of protrusions formed by each of the first particles and the second particles. can be done. For example, FIG.
  • FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a cumulative frequency distribution of heights of protrusions formed by first particles (carbon black particles).
  • A indicates frequency and B indicates cumulative %.
  • FIG. 24 shows that the average height of protrusions formed by the first particles (carbon black particles) is 11.3 nm, and the proportion of protrusions having a height of 10 nm or more is 58%.
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a cumulative frequency distribution of heights of protrusions formed by second particles (alumina particles). In FIG. 25, A indicates frequency and B indicates cumulative %.
  • FIG. 25 shows that the average height of the protrusions formed by the second particles (alumina particles) is 5.1 nm, and the proportion of protrusions having a height of 10 nm or more is 5.9%. .
  • the ratio of the average height of the protrusions formed by the first particles (carbon black particles) to the average height of the protrusions formed by the second particles (alumina particles) (the ratio of the average height of the protrusions formed by the first particles It is shown that the average height of the projections formed by the second particles/the average height of the projections formed by the second particles) is 2.21.
  • FIG. 26 is a diagram showing the cumulative frequency distribution of the height of protrusions formed by the first particles (carbon black particles) P1 and the height of protrusions formed by the second particles (alumina particles) P2.
  • the number of protrusions formed by the first particles and the second particles When measuring the height of the protrusions, the number of protrusions formed by the first particles and the second particles, the average area per protrusion, the total area of the protrusions, the diameter of the protrusions (Feret diameter), the height of the protrusions.
  • the proportion of the first particles forming protrusions with a height of 10 nm or more and the proportion of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more are also measured.
  • Abrasivity is measured according to ECMA-319 Annex C. Abrasivity is measured by changing the ceramic material of the abrasivity bar to AlTiC. Abrasivity is an index that indicates the degree of abrasion of the magnetic head by the magnetic surface of the magnetic tape as the magnetic tape contacts and runs over the magnetic head.
  • a square pole bar (abrasivity bar) A made of a ceramic material (AlTiC) shown in FIG. is set, and attached to the magnetic head part of a tape drive or the like so that the corners of this square pole come into contact with the magnetic tape, and the magnetic tape is run for a predetermined time or a predetermined number of passes. Measure the width B of the worn ablity bar as shown.
  • the measured wear amount (abrasion amount) of the abricity bar is used as an abrasivity index.
  • abrasivity is measured as follows.
  • a quadrangular prism bar (abrasivity bar) A made of a ceramic material (AlTiC) shown in FIG. 3 is set on a dedicated jig shown in FIG. Next, it is attached to a magnetic head of a tape drive or the like so that the corners of the bar of the quadrangular prism are in contact with the magnetic tape. After that, the magnetic tape is run under the following conditions. Tape speed: 3.0m/sec Tension 1.0N ⁇ 0.1N Lap angle: 12°
  • the average wear pattern length of the ablativeness bar is preferably 12.5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m after running a new magnetic tape 100 times. When the same measurement is repeated on the same portion as the magnetic tape, the wear pattern length shall be within 30%. The measurement is performed in an environment with a temperature of 23° C. ⁇ 2° C. and a humidity of 45% ⁇ 5%. The average wear pattern length of the abrasivity bar of the leader tape shall be within 20 ⁇ m at maximum after running the magnetic tape repeatedly 100 times. After running the magnetic tape repeatedly 100 times, the amount of wear (scraping amount) is measured. This measurement is defined as 100-pass abrasivity.
  • the upper limit of the average thickness (average total thickness) tT of the magnetic tape T is preferably 5.2 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5.0 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 4.6 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 4.4 ⁇ m or less. be.
  • the average thickness t T of the magnetic tape T is 5.2 ⁇ m or less, the recording capacity that can be recorded in one data cartridge can be increased compared to general magnetic tapes.
  • the lower limit of the average thickness tT of the magnetic tape T is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 3.5 ⁇ m or more.
  • the average thickness tT of the magnetic tape T is obtained as follows. First, the magnetic tape T accommodated in the cartridge 10A is unwound, and a sample is prepared by cutting the magnetic tape T into a length of 250 mm at a position 30 m in the longitudinal direction from the joint between the magnetic tape T and the leader tape LT. Next, using a laser hologram (LGH-110C) manufactured by Mitutoyo as a measuring device, the thickness of the sample is measured at five positions, and the measured values are simply averaged (arithmetic average) to obtain an average thickness t T [ ⁇ m] is calculated. The five measurement positions are randomly selected from the samples so that they are different positions in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape T. As shown in FIG.
  • the average thickness of the non-magnetic layer 12 is obtained as follows. First, the magnetic tape T accommodated in the cartridge 10A is unwound, and the magnetic tape T is stretched to a length of 250 mm at three positions of 10 m, 30 m, and 50 m in the longitudinal direction from the joint of the magnetic tape T and the leader tape LT. 3 samples are prepared. Subsequently, each sample is processed by the FIB method or the like to be thinned. When the FIB method is used, a carbon layer and a tungsten layer are formed as protective films as a pretreatment for observing a cross-sectional TEM image, which will be described later.
  • the carbon layer is formed on the magnetic layer 13 side surface and the back layer 14 side surface of the magnetic tape T by vapor deposition, and the tungsten layer is further formed on the magnetic layer 13 side surface by vapor deposition or sputtering. be.
  • the thinning is performed along the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape T. As shown in FIG. That is, by the thinning, a cross section parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction of the magnetic tape T is formed.
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • Apparatus TEM (H9000NAR manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) Accelerating voltage: 300 kV Magnification: 100,000 times
  • the thickness of the non-magnetic layer 12 was measured at at least 10 positions in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape T, and the measured values were simply averaged ( Arithmetic mean) to obtain the average thickness ( ⁇ m) of the non-magnetic layer 12 .
  • the average thickness of the base layer 11 is obtained as follows. First, the magnetic tape T accommodated in the magnetic recording cartridge 10A is unwound, and the magnetic tape T is cut into a length of 250 mm at a position 30 m in the longitudinal direction from the connection portion between the magnetic tape T and the leader tape LT to prepare a sample. do.
  • the term “longitudinal direction” in the case of “longitudinal direction from the connecting portion of the magnetic tape T and the leader tape LT” means the direction from one end on the side of the leader tape LT to the other end on the opposite side. do.
  • the layers of the sample other than the base layer 11 are removed with a solvent such as MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) or dilute hydrochloric acid.
  • a solvent such as MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) or dilute hydrochloric acid.
  • the thickness of the sample (base layer 11) is measured at five positions, and the measured values are simply averaged (arithmetic average) Then, the average thickness of the base layer 11 is calculated.
  • the five measurement positions are randomly selected from the samples so that they are different positions in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape T. As shown in FIG.
  • the upper limit of the average thickness of the back layer 14 is preferably 0.6 ⁇ m or less. If the upper limit of the average thickness of the back layer 14 is 0.6 ⁇ m or less, the thickness of the nonmagnetic layer (underlayer) 12 and the base layer 11 can be increased even when the average thickness of the magnetic tape T is 5.6 ⁇ m or less. Therefore, the running stability of the magnetic tape T in the recording/reproducing apparatus can be maintained.
  • the lower limit of the average thickness of the back layer 14 is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 0.2 ⁇ m or more.
  • the average thickness tb of the back layer 14 is obtained as follows. First, the average thickness (average total thickness) tT of the magnetic tape T is measured. The method for measuring the average thickness t T (average total thickness) is as described in "Average Thickness of Magnetic Tape" below. Subsequently, the magnetic tape T accommodated in the cartridge 10A is unwound, and a sample is prepared by cutting the magnetic tape T into a length of 250 mm at a position 30 m in the longitudinal direction from the joint between the magnetic tape T and the leader tape LT. Next, the back layer 14 of the sample is removed with a solvent such as MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) or dilute hydrochloric acid. [ ⁇ m] is calculated.
  • MEK methyl ethyl ketone
  • the average thickness t b [ ⁇ m] of the back layer 14 is obtained from the following formula.
  • the average thickness tm of the magnetic layer 13 is obtained as follows. First, the magnetic tape T accommodated in the cartridge 10A is unwound, and the magnetic tape T is stretched to a length of 250 mm at three positions of 10 m, 30 m, and 50 m in the longitudinal direction from the joint of the magnetic tape T and the leader tape LT. 3 samples are prepared. Subsequently, each sample is processed by the FIB method or the like to be thinned. When the FIB method is used, a carbon layer and a tungsten layer are formed as protective films as a pretreatment for observing a cross-sectional TEM image, which will be described later.
  • the carbon layer is formed on the magnetic layer 13 side surface and the back layer 14 side surface of the magnetic tape T by vapor deposition, and the tungsten layer is further formed on the magnetic layer 13 side surface by vapor deposition or sputtering. be.
  • the thinning is performed along the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape T. As shown in FIG. That is, by the thinning, a cross section parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction of the magnetic tape T is formed.
  • the thickness of the magnetic layer 13 is measured at 10 points on each sliced sample.
  • the 10 measurement positions for each thinned sample are randomly selected from the sample so that they are different positions in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape T.
  • the average value obtained by simply averaging (arithmetic mean) the measured values of each obtained thinned sample is defined as the average thickness t m [nm] of the magnetic layer 13. do.
  • the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values of the magnetic recording medium 10 according to the present technology is preferably less than 50 nm, more preferably 40 nm or less, still more preferably 30 nm or less, and even more preferably 25 nm within 40 FV numbers.
  • PES Position Error Signal
  • the linearity of the servo band when the servo pattern is read by the recording/reproducing device 30 should be as high as possible.
  • the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values is as low as possible. Since the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values of the magnetic recording medium 10 of the present technology is a low value as described above, the linearity of the servo band is high, and the tension can be adjusted with high accuracy.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing temporal changes in the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values as the magnetic tape runs. As shown in FIG. 14, if ⁇ PES is less than 50 nm within 40 FV numbers, no track deviation occurs.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing temporal changes in the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values as the magnetic tape runs. As shown in FIG. 15, when ⁇ PES exceeds 50 nm within 40 FV numbers, track deviation occurs frequently and the magnetic tape stops running.
  • the upper diagram in FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the temporal change of the standard deviation ⁇ PES accompanying the running of the magnetic tape.
  • the lower left diagram in FIG. 13 shows projections formed on the surface of the magnetic layer by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 in the region A (friction stability) where ⁇ PES in the upper diagram is almost constant, and the second particles ( 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the relationship between protrusions formed on the magnetic layer surface by alumina particles (P2) and the magnetic head.
  • the dashed line in the figure is a virtual line showing the contact between the protrusion formed by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 and the surface of the magnetic head.
  • FIG. 13 shows projections formed on the surface of the magnetic layer by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 in region B (friction increase) where ⁇ PES in the upper diagram tends to increase
  • the second particles ( 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the relationship between protrusions formed on the magnetic layer surface by alumina particles (P2) and the magnetic head.
  • FIG. The dashed line in the figure is a virtual line showing the contact between the protrusion formed by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 and the surface of the magnetic head.
  • FIG. 16 is a sectional view schematically showing the relationship between protrusions formed by first particles (carbon particles) P1 on the surface of the magnetic layer and protrusions formed by second particles (alumina particles) P2 and the magnetic head. be.
  • the dashed line in FIG. 16 is a virtual line showing the contact between the protrusion formed by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 on the surface of the magnetic layer and the surface of the magnetic head.
  • the upper diagram in FIG. 16 schematically shows the relationship between the projections formed by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 and the second particles (alumina particles) P2 before running the magnetic tape and the magnetic head. It is a diagram. As shown in the upper diagram of FIG. 16, before running the magnetic tape, the height of the projections formed by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 was higher than the height of the projections formed by the second particles (alumina particles) P2.
  • the middle diagram in FIG. 16 schematically shows the relationship between the protrusions formed by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 and the second particles (alumina particles) P2 after running the magnetic tape and the magnetic head. It is a diagram. As shown in the middle diagram of FIG.
  • the projections formed by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 are gradually scraped off due to contact with the magnetic tape, and the first particles (carbon particles) P1
  • the height of the projections formed is greater than or equal to the height of the projections formed by the second particles (alumina particles) P2
  • the spacing between the magnetic head and the magnetic tape becomes small, and the second It is presumed that the contact area between the protrusion formed by the first particle (carbon particle) P1 and the magnetic head increases, and that the chance of contact between the protrusion formed by the second particle (alumina particle) P2 and the magnetic head increases. be.
  • FIG. 16 shows projections respectively formed by first particles (carbon particles) P1 and second particles (alumina particles) P2 of a magnetic tape corresponding to the magnetic recording medium according to the present technology, and a magnetic head. It is a figure which shows a relationship typically. As shown in the lower diagram in FIG. 16, the relationship between the heights of the protrusions formed by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 and the second particles (alumina particles) P2 is specified, and the first particles (carbon particles) The protrusions formed by the first particles (carbon particles) P1 by specifying the height of the particles) P1 or the second particles (alumina particles) P2 and reducing the amount of spacing between the magnetic head and the magnetic tape. The contact area between the magnetic head and the second particles (alumina particles) P2 becomes smaller, and the chances of contact between the protrusions formed by the second particles (alumina particles) P2 and the magnetic head increase. It is assumed that
  • FIG. PES values are measured to determine the standard deviation ⁇ PES.
  • a PES measurement head unit 300 shown in FIG. 11 is prepared.
  • an LTO2 head (a head conforming to the LTO2 standard) manufactured by HPE (Hewlett Packard Enterprise) is used.
  • HPE Hewlett Packard Enterprise
  • the head unit 300 has two head sections 300A and 300B arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • Each head unit includes a plurality of recording heads 340 for recording data signals on the magnetic recording medium 10, a plurality of reproducing heads 350 for reproducing data signals recorded on the magnetic recording medium 10, and a magnetic recording medium. and a plurality of servo heads 320 for reproducing servo signals recorded in 10 .
  • the recording head 340 and the reproducing head 350 may not be included in the head unit.
  • the head unit 300 is used to reproduce (read) a servo pattern within a predetermined servo band provided on the magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • the servo heads 320 of the head section 300A and the servo heads 320 of the head section 300B sequentially face each servo pattern of a predetermined servo band, and the servo patterns are sequentially reproduced by these two servo heads 320. conduct.
  • the portion facing the servo head 320 in the servo pattern recorded on the magnetic recording medium 10 is read and output as a servo signal.
  • the PES value for each head unit is calculated for each servo frame by the following formula.
  • the center line shown in FIG. 10 is the center line of the servo band.
  • X [ ⁇ m] is the distance between servo pattern A1 and servo pattern B1 on the center line shown in FIG. 10
  • Y [ ⁇ m] is the distance between servo pattern A1 and servo pattern C1 on the center line shown in FIG. Distance.
  • X and Y are obtained by developing the magnetic recording medium 10 with a ferricolloid developer and using a universal tool microscope (TOPCON TUM-220ES) and a data processor (TOPCON CA-1B). 50 servo frames are selected at arbitrary points along the length of the tape, X and Y are obtained in each servo frame, and the simple average of the 50 data is used as the X and Y used in the above formula.
  • the difference (Ba1-Aa1) indicates the time [sec] on the actual path between the corresponding two servo patterns B1 and A1.
  • other difference terms also indicate the time [sec] on the actual path between the corresponding two servo patterns.
  • These times are obtained from the time between timing signals obtained from the waveform of the servo signal and the tape running speed.
  • actual path means the position where the servo signal read head actually travels over the servo signal.
  • ⁇ is the azimuth angle. ⁇ is obtained by developing the magnetic recording medium 10 with a ferricolloid developer and using a universal tool microscope (TOPCON TUM-220ES) and a data processor (TOPCON CA-1B).
  • the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values is calculated using a servo signal corrected for lateral movement of the tape. Also, the servo signal is subjected to High Pass Filter processing in order to reflect the followability of the head.
  • the standard deviation ⁇ PES is obtained using a signal obtained by performing the correction and the High Pass Filter processing on the servo signal, and is a so-called Written in PES ⁇ . A method for measuring the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values will be described below.
  • the servo signal is read by the head 300 for an arbitrary 1-m range of the data recording area of the magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • the signals obtained by each of the head sections 300A and 300B are subtracted as shown in FIG. 12 to obtain a servo signal corrected for lateral movement of the tape.
  • High Pass Filter processing is performed on the corrected servo signal.
  • the recording/reproducing head mounted on the drive is moved in the width direction of the magnetic recording medium 10 by the actuator so as to follow the servo signal.
  • Written in PES ⁇ is the noise value after taking into consideration the trackability in the width direction of the head, so the above High Pass Filter processing is required.
  • the High Pass Filter is not particularly limited, it must be a function capable of reproducing the width direction followability of the drive head.
  • the PES value is calculated according to the above formula for each servo frame.
  • the standard deviation (Written in PES ⁇ ) of the PES values calculated over the 1 m minute is the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values in the present technique.
  • the average particle size and average aspect ratio of the magnetic powder are obtained as follows. First, the magnetic tape T accommodated in the cartridge 10A is unwound, and the magnetic tape T is cut out at a position 30 m in the longitudinal direction from the joint between the magnetic tape T and the leader tape LT. Subsequently, the magnetic tape T to be measured is processed by the FIB method or the like to be thinned. When the FIB method is used, a carbon layer and a tungsten layer are formed as protective films as a pretreatment for observing a cross-sectional TEM image, which will be described later.
  • the carbon layer is formed on the magnetic layer 13 side surface and the back layer 14 side surface of the magnetic tape T by vapor deposition, and the tungsten layer is further formed on the magnetic layer 13 side surface by vapor deposition or sputtering.
  • the thinning is performed along the length direction of the magnetic tape T (longitudinal direction). That is, by the thinning, a cross section parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction of the magnetic tape T is formed.
  • the above-mentioned cross section of the obtained thin sample was examined with an acceleration voltage of 200 kV and a total magnification of 500,000 times.
  • a cross-sectional observation is performed so as to include , and a TEM photograph is taken.
  • the TEM photographs are prepared in such a number that it is possible to extract 50 particles from which the plate diameter DB and plate thickness DA (see FIG. 27) shown below can be measured.
  • the particle size of the hexagonal ferrite (hereinafter referred to as "particle size") is defined as the shape of the particles observed in the above TEM photograph, as shown in FIG. , the thickness or height is smaller than the major axis of the plate surface or bottom surface.), the major axis of the plate surface or bottom surface is taken as the value of the plate diameter DB. The thickness or height of the particles observed in the above TEM photograph is taken as the plate thickness DA value.
  • the major axis means the longest diagonal distance.
  • the thickness or height of the largest grain is defined as the plate thickness DA.
  • 50 particles to be extracted from the TEM photograph taken are selected based on the following criteria. Particles partly protruding outside the field of view of the TEM photograph are not measured, but particles with clear contours and present in isolation are measured. When particles overlap, if the boundary between the two particles is clear and the overall shape of the particle can be determined, each particle is measured as a single particle, but the boundary is not clear and the overall shape of the particle cannot be determined Particles that do not have a shape are not measured as the shape of the particles cannot be determined.
  • FIGS. 28 and 29 show examples of TEM photographs.
  • the particles indicated by arrows a and d are selected because the plate thickness (thickness or height of the particle) DA of the particle can be clearly identified.
  • the plate thickness DA of each of the 50 selected particles is measured.
  • the average plate thickness DA ave is obtained by simply averaging (arithmetic mean) the plate thicknesses DA thus obtained.
  • the average thickness DA ave is the average grain thickness.
  • the plate diameter DB of each magnetic powder is measured.
  • 50 particles whose tabular diameter DB of the particles can be clearly confirmed are selected from the photographed TEM photographs. For example, in FIGS.
  • the plate diameter DB of each of the 50 selected particles is measured.
  • a simple average (arithmetic mean) of the plate diameters DB obtained in this way is obtained to obtain an average plate diameter DB ave .
  • the average platelet diameter DB ave is the average particle size.
  • the average aspect ratio (DB ave /DA ave ) of the particles is obtained from the average plate thickness DA ave and the average plate diameter DB ave .
  • the average particle volume of magnetic powder is determined as follows. First, the average plate thickness DA ave and the average plate diameter DB ave are obtained as described in the method of calculating the average particle size of the magnetic powder. Next, the average particle volume V of the magnetic powder is obtained from the following formula.
  • the squareness ratio Rs2 in the perpendicular direction (thickness direction) of the magnetic recording medium of the present technology is preferably 65% or more, more preferably 67% or more, and even more preferably 70% or more.
  • the perpendicular orientation of the magnetic powder is sufficiently high, so that a better SNR can be obtained. Therefore, better electromagnetic conversion characteristics can be obtained. Also, the shape of the servo signal is improved, making it easier to control the drive.
  • the perpendicular orientation of the magnetic recording medium may mean that the squareness ratio Rs2 of the magnetic recording medium is within the above numerical range (for example, 65% or more).
  • the squareness ratio Rs2 in the vertical direction is obtained as follows. First, the magnetic tape T accommodated in the magnetic recording cartridge 10A is unwound, and the magnetic tape T is cut into a length of 250 mm at a position 30 m in the longitudinal direction from the connection portion between the magnetic tape T and the leader tape LT to prepare a sample. do. After punching out the sample to 6.25 mm ⁇ 64 mm, it is folded in three to prepare a measurement sample of 6.25 mm ⁇ 8 mm. Then, using the VSM, the MH hysteresis loop of the measurement sample (entire magnetic tape T) corresponding to the vertical direction (thickness direction) of the magnetic tape T is measured.
  • correction sample a 6.25 mm ⁇ 8 mm sample for background correction (hereinafter simply referred to as “correction sample”).
  • VSM the MH hysteresis loop of the correction sample (base layer 11) corresponding to the perpendicular direction of the base layer 11 (the perpendicular direction of the magnetic recording medium 10) is measured.
  • VSM -P7-15 type In the measurement of the MH hysteresis loop of the measurement sample (entire magnetic tape T) and the MH hysteresis loop of the correction sample (base layer 11), a high-sensitivity vibrating sample magnetometer "VSM -P7-15 type” is used. Measurement conditions are measurement mode: full loop, maximum magnetic field: 15 kOe, magnetic field step: 40 bits, Time constant of Locking amp: 0.3 sec, Waiting time: 1 sec, MH average number: 20. After obtaining the MH hysteresis loop of the measurement sample (entire magnetic tape T) and the MH hysteresis loop of the correction sample (base layer 11), the MH hysteresis of the measurement sample (entire magnetic tape T) was obtained.
  • Background correction is performed by subtracting the MH hysteresis loop of the correction sample (base layer 11) from the loop, and the MH hysteresis loop after background correction is obtained.
  • the measurement/analysis program attached to the "VSM-P7-15 type" is used for the calculation of this background correction.
  • a non-magnetic layer (underlayer) forming coating material is prepared by kneading and/or dispersing non-magnetic powder and a binder in a solvent.
  • magnetic powder, a binder, etc. are kneaded and/or dispersed in a solvent to prepare a coating material for forming a magnetic layer.
  • the following solvents, dispersing devices, and kneading devices can be used for example.
  • solvents used in the above paint preparation include ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone; alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and propanol; , butyl acetate, propyl acetate, ethyl lactate, and ethylene glycol acetate; ether solvents such as diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 2-ethoxyethanol, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. and halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as methylene chloride, ethylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and chlorobenzene. One of these may be used, or a mixture of two or more may be used.
  • ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl
  • a continuous twin-screw kneader for example, a continuous twin-screw kneader, a continuous twin-screw kneader capable of multistage dilution, a kneader, a pressure kneader, and a roll kneader can be used.
  • dispersing devices used for preparing the above paint include roll mills, ball mills, horizontal sand mills, vertical sand mills, spike mills, pin mills, tower mills, pearl mills (e.g. "DCP Mill” manufactured by Eirich), homogenizers, and A dispersion device such as an ultrasonic disperser can be used, but it is not particularly limited to these devices.
  • the non-magnetic layer 12 is formed by coating one main surface of the base layer 11 with a paint for forming a non-magnetic layer (underlayer) and drying it.
  • the magnetic layer 13 is formed on the non-magnetic layer 12 by coating the non-magnetic layer 12 with a coating material for forming the magnetic layer and drying it.
  • the magnetic powder is magnetically oriented in the thickness direction of the base layer 11 by, for example, a solenoid coil.
  • the magnetic powder may be magnetically oriented in the longitudinal direction (running direction) of the base layer 11 by, for example, a solenoid coil, and then magnetically oriented in the thickness direction of the base layer 11 .
  • the ratio Hc2/Hc1 between the holding force "Hc1" in the vertical direction and the holding force "Hc2" in the longitudinal direction can be reduced, and the degree of vertical orientation of the magnetic powder can be improved. be able to.
  • the back layer 14 is formed on the other main surface of the base layer 11 .
  • the magnetic recording medium 10 is obtained.
  • the ratio Hc2/Hc1 depends on, for example, the intensity of the magnetic field applied to the coating film of the magnetic layer-forming coating material, the concentration of solids in the magnetic layer-forming coating material, and the drying conditions (drying temperature and drying time) are set to desired values.
  • the strength of the magnetic field applied to the coating film is preferably two to three times the coercive force of the magnetic powder.
  • the methods for adjusting the ratio Hc2/Hc1 may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the obtained magnetic recording medium 10 is rewound around the large-diameter core and hardened. Finally, after calendering the magnetic recording medium 10, it is cut into a predetermined width (for example, 1/2 inch width). As described above, the desired elongated long magnetic recording medium 10 is obtained.
  • the recording/reproducing device 30 has a configuration in which the tension applied in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic recording medium 10 can be adjusted. Further, the recording/reproducing device 30 has a configuration in which the magnetic recording cartridge 10A can be loaded. Here, for ease of explanation, the case where the recording/reproducing device 30 has a configuration in which one magnetic recording cartridge 10A can be loaded will be described. You may have the structure which can be loaded with 10A.
  • the recording/reproducing device 30 is preferably a timing servo type magnetic recording/reproducing device.
  • the magnetic recording medium of the present technology is suitable for use in a timing servo type magnetic recording/reproducing apparatus.
  • the recording/reproducing apparatus 30 is connected to information processing apparatuses such as a server 41 and a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as "PC") 42 via a network 43, and stores data supplied from these information processing apparatuses in a magnetic recording cartridge. 10A can be recorded.
  • the shortest recording wavelength of the recording/reproducing device 30 is preferably 100 nm or less, more preferably 75 nm or less, still more preferably 60 nm or less, and particularly preferably 50 nm or less.
  • the recording/reproducing device includes a spindle 31, a reel 32 on the side of the recording/reproducing device, a spindle driving device 33, a reel driving device 34, a plurality of guide rollers 35, a head unit 36, and a communication device. It has an interface (hereinafter referred to as I/F) 37 and a control device 38 .
  • I/F interface
  • the spindle 31 is configured to be mountable with the magnetic recording cartridge 10A.
  • the magnetic recording cartridge 10A complies with the LTO (Linear Tape Open) standard, and rotatably accommodates a single reel 10C around which the magnetic recording medium 10 is wound in a cartridge case 10B.
  • a V-shaped servo pattern is recorded in advance on the magnetic recording medium 10 as a servo signal.
  • the reel 32 is configured to be able to fix the leading end of the magnetic recording medium 10 pulled out from the magnetic recording cartridge 10A.
  • the present technology also provides a magnetic recording cartridge including a magnetic recording medium according to the present technology. Within the magnetic recording cartridge, the magnetic recording medium may be wound, for example, on a reel.
  • the spindle drive device 33 is a device that drives the spindle 31 to rotate.
  • the reel driving device 34 is a device that drives the reel 32 to rotate. When data is recorded or reproduced on the magnetic recording medium 10, the spindle driving device 33 and the reel driving device 34 rotate the spindle 31 and the reel 32 to drive the magnetic recording medium 10. .
  • the guide roller 35 is a roller for guiding the travel of the magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • the head unit 36 includes a plurality of recording heads for recording data signals on the magnetic recording medium 10, a plurality of reproducing heads for reproducing the data signals recorded on the magnetic recording medium 10, and a plurality of servo heads for reproducing recorded servo signals.
  • a ring-type head can be used as the recording head, but the type of recording head is not limited to this.
  • the communication I/F 37 is for communicating with information processing devices such as the server 41 and the PC 42 and is connected to the network 43 .
  • the control device 38 controls the recording/reproducing device 30 as a whole. For example, the control device 38 records a data signal supplied from the information processing device on the magnetic recording medium 10 by the head unit 36 in response to a request from the information processing device such as the server 41 and the PC 42 . Further, the control device 38 reproduces the data signal recorded on the magnetic recording medium 10 by the head unit 36 in response to a request from the information processing device such as the server 41 and the PC 42, and supplies the data signal to the information processing device.
  • the control device 38 also detects changes in the width of the magnetic recording medium 10 based on servo signals supplied from the head unit 36 . Specifically, a plurality of V-shaped servo patterns are recorded as servo signals on the magnetic recording medium 10, and the head unit 36 outputs two different servo patterns by two servo heads on the head unit 36. Simultaneously reproduced, each servo signal can be obtained. Using the relative position information between the servo pattern and the head unit obtained from this servo signal, the position of the head unit 36 is controlled so as to follow the servo pattern. At the same time, distance information between the servo patterns can be obtained by comparing the two servo signal waveforms.
  • changes in the distance between the servo patterns at each measurement can be obtained.
  • changes in the width of the magnetic recording medium 10 can also be calculated.
  • the control device 38 controls the rotational driving of the spindle driving device 33 and the reel driving device 34 based on the change in the distance between the servo patterns obtained as described above or the calculated change in the width of the magnetic recording medium 10.
  • the tension in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic recording medium 10 is adjusted so that the width of the magnetic recording medium 10 becomes a prescribed width or approximately a prescribed width. Thereby, a change in the width of the magnetic recording medium 10 can be suppressed.
  • the magnetic recording cartridge 10A is mounted in the recording/reproducing device 30, the leading end of the magnetic recording medium 10 is pulled out, and the leading end of the magnetic recording medium 10 is transported to the reel 32 via a plurality of guide rollers 35 and the head unit 36. Attach to reel 32 .
  • the spindle driving device 33 and the reel driving device 34 are driven under the control of the control device 38 so that the magnetic recording medium 10 is driven from the reel 10C toward the reel 32.
  • Spindle 31 and reel 32 are rotated in the same direction.
  • the head unit 36 records information on the magnetic recording medium 10 or reproduces information recorded on the magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • the spindle 31 and the reel 32 are driven to rotate in the direction opposite to the above, so that the magnetic recording medium 10 travels from the reel 32 to the reel 10C. .
  • the head unit 36 also records information on the magnetic recording medium 10 or reproduces information recorded on the magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • the magnetic recording medium 10 may further include a barrier layer 15 provided on at least one surface of the base layer 11, as shown in FIG.
  • the barrier layer 15 is a layer for suppressing dimensional deformation of the base layer 11 according to the environment.
  • the hygroscopicity of the base layer 11 can be cited as one of the causes of the dimensional deformation, and the barrier layer 15 can reduce the rate at which moisture penetrates into the base layer 11 .
  • Barrier layer 15 comprises a metal or metal oxide. Examples of metals include Al, Cu, Co, Mg, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Ga, Ge, Y, Zr, Mo, Ru, Pd, Ag, Ba, Pt, At least one of Au and Ta can be used.
  • At least one of Al 2 O 3 , CuO, CoO, SiO 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , Ta 2 O 5 and ZrO 2 can be used as the metal oxide. Any of the metal oxides can also be used. Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) or diamond can also be used.
  • DLC Diamond-Like Carbon
  • the average thickness of the barrier layer 15 is preferably 20 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, more preferably 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.
  • the average thickness of the barrier layer 15 is obtained in the same manner as the average thickness tm of the magnetic layer 13 .
  • the magnification of the TEM image is appropriately adjusted according to the thickness of the barrier layer 15 .
  • the magnetic recording medium 10 may be incorporated into a library device. That is, the present technology also provides a library device including at least one magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • the library device has a configuration capable of adjusting the tension applied in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic recording medium 10, and may include a plurality of the recording/reproducing devices 30 described above.
  • the magnetic recording medium 10 may be subjected to servo signal writing processing by a servo writer.
  • the servo writer can keep the width of the magnetic recording medium 10 constant or substantially constant by adjusting the tension in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic recording medium 10 when recording servo signals.
  • the servo writer may comprise a detection device for detecting the width of the magnetic recording medium 10 .
  • the servo writer can adjust the tension in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic recording medium 10 based on the detection result of the detection device.
  • the present technology also provides a magnetic recording cartridge (also referred to as a tape cartridge) that includes a magnetic recording medium according to the present technology.
  • the magnetic recording medium may be wound, for example, on a reel.
  • the magnetic recording cartridge includes, for example, a communication unit that communicates with a recording/reproducing device, a storage unit, and information received from the recording/reproducing device via the communication unit. and a control unit that reads out information from the storage unit and transmits the information to the recording/reproducing device via the communication unit in response to a request.
  • the information may include adjustment information for adjusting the tension applied to the magnetic recording medium in the longitudinal direction.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the magnetic recording cartridge 10A.
  • the magnetic recording cartridge 10A is a magnetic recording cartridge conforming to the LTO (Linear Tape-Open) standard, and a magnetic tape (tape-shaped magnetic recording A reel 10C on which a medium T is wound, a reel lock 214 and a reel spring 215 for locking the rotation of the reel 10C, a spider 216 for releasing the locked state of the reel 10C, a lower shell 212A and an upper shell 212B.
  • LTO Linear Tape-Open
  • the reel 10C has a substantially disc shape with an opening in the center, and is composed of a reel hub 213A and a flange 213B made of a hard material such as plastic.
  • One end of the magnetic tape T is connected to a leader tape LT.
  • a leader pin 220 is provided at the tip of the leader tape LT.
  • the cartridge memory 211 is provided near one corner of the magnetic recording cartridge 10A.
  • the cartridge memory 211 faces a reader/writer (not shown) of the recording/reproducing device 80 when the magnetic recording cartridge 10A is loaded into the recording/reproducing device 80 .
  • the cartridge memory 211 communicates with the recording/reproducing device 30, more specifically, a reader/writer (not shown) in accordance with the wireless communication standard conforming to the LTO standard.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the cartridge memory 211.
  • the cartridge memory 211 has an antenna coil (communication unit) 331 that communicates with a reader/writer (not shown) according to a prescribed communication standard, and generates and rectifies electric waves received by the antenna coil 331 using induced electromotive force.
  • a rectification/power supply circuit 332 that generates power, a clock circuit 333 that generates a clock using the same induced electromotive force from radio waves received by the antenna coil 331, and detection of the radio waves received by the antenna coil 331 and the antenna coil 331
  • a controller (control unit) 335 and a memory (storage unit) 336 for storing information.
  • the cartridge memory 211 also includes a capacitor 337 connected in parallel with the antenna coil 331, and the antenna coil 331 and the capacitor 337 constitute a resonance circuit.
  • the memory 336 stores information related to the magnetic recording cartridge 10A.
  • the memory 336 is non-volatile memory (NVM).
  • the storage capacity of memory 336 is preferably about 32 KB or greater. For example, if the magnetic recording cartridge 10A conforms to the next-generation LTO format standard, the memory 336 has a storage capacity of approximately 32 KB.
  • the memory 336 has a first storage area 336A and a second storage area 336B.
  • the first storage area 336A corresponds to the storage area of an LTO standard cartridge memory prior to LTO8 (hereinafter referred to as "conventional cartridge memory"), and is used to store information conforming to the LTO standard prior to LTO8. area.
  • the information conforming to the LTO standard prior to LTO8 includes, for example, manufacturing information (for example, the unique number of the magnetic recording cartridge 10A, etc.), usage history (for example, the number of tape withdrawals (Thread Count), etc.), and the like.
  • the second storage area 336B corresponds to an extended storage area for the storage area of the conventional cartridge memory.
  • the second storage area 336B is an area for storing additional information.
  • the additional information means information related to the magnetic recording cartridge 10A, which is not defined in the LTO standard prior to LTO8.
  • Examples of the additional information include tension adjustment information, management ledger data, index information, thumbnail information of moving images stored on the magnetic tape T, and the like, but are not limited to these data.
  • the tension adjustment information includes the distance between adjacent servo bands (distance between servo patterns recorded on adjacent servo bands) during data recording on the magnetic tape T.
  • FIG. The distance between adjacent servo bands is an example of width-related information related to the width of the magnetic tape T.
  • FIG. The details of the distance between servo bands will be described later.
  • the information stored in the first storage area 336A may be called "first information”
  • the information stored in the second storage area 336B may be called "second information”.
  • the memory 336 may have multiple banks. In this case, part of the plurality of banks may constitute the first storage area 336A, and the remaining banks may constitute the second storage area 336B. Specifically, for example, if the magnetic recording cartridge 10A conforms to the next-generation LTO format standard, the memory 336 has two banks each having a storage capacity of approximately 16 KB. One of the banks may constitute the first memory area 336A, and the other bank may constitute the second memory area 336B.
  • the antenna coil 331 induces an induced voltage by electromagnetic induction.
  • the controller 335 communicates with the recording/reproducing device 80 via the antenna coil 331 according to a prescribed communication standard. Specifically, for example, mutual authentication, command transmission/reception, or data exchange is performed.
  • the controller 335 stores information received from the recording/reproducing device 80 via the antenna coil 331 in the memory 336 .
  • the controller 335 reads information from the memory 336 in response to a request from the recording/reproducing device 80 and transmits the information to the recording/reproducing device 80 via the antenna coil 331 .
  • the magnetic recording cartridge of the present technology may be a two-reel type cartridge. That is, the magnetic recording cartridge of the present technology may have one or more (eg, two) reels on which the magnetic tape is wound.
  • An example magnetic recording cartridge of the present technology having two reels is described below with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a two-reel type cartridge 421.
  • the cartridge 421 includes an upper half 402 made of synthetic resin, a transparent window member 423 fitted and fixed in a window portion 402 a opened in the upper surface of the upper half 402 , and a reel 406 fixed inside the upper half 402 .
  • a wound magnetic tape MT1 a front lid 409 that closes a front opening formed by combining the upper half 402 and the lower half 405, and a back lid 409A that protects the magnetic tape MT1 exposed at the front opening.
  • the reel 406 has a lower flange 406b having a cylindrical hub portion 406a in the center on which the magnetic tape MT1 is wound, an upper flange 406c having approximately the same size as the lower flange 406b, and a flange between the hub portion 406a and the upper flange 406c. and a reel plate 411 sandwiched therebetween.
  • Reel 407 has the same configuration as reel 406 .
  • the window member 423 is provided with mounting holes 423a at positions corresponding to the reels 406 and 407 for mounting reel holders 422, which are reel holding means for preventing the reels from floating.
  • the magnetic tape MT1 is the same as the magnetic tape T in the first embodiment.
  • the present technology can also employ the following configuration.
  • the magnetic layer contains first particles having conductivity and second particles having a Mohs hardness of 7 or more, protrusions are formed on the surface of the magnetic layer by the first particles and the second particles;
  • the ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 2.3 or less.
  • a magnetic recording medium, wherein the average height (H 2 ) of protrusions formed by the second particles is 7 nm or less.
  • the magnetic recording medium according to [1] wherein the first particles are carbon particles.
  • the ratio of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more to the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 4 nm or more is 20% or less
  • the magnetic recording medium according to any one of [6]. [8] any one of [1] to [7], wherein the number of protrusions formed by the first particles on the magnetic layer side surface is 0.2 or more and 1.5 or less per unit area ( ⁇ m 2 ); A magnetic recording medium as described.
  • the ratio of the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more to the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 4 nm or more is 60% or less
  • the magnetic recording medium according to any one of [1] to [9] which has an average thickness (average total thickness) of 5.7 ⁇ m or less.
  • the magnetic recording medium according to any one of [1] to [11], wherein the abrasivity with respect to AlTiC prisms satisfies the following relational expression. 12.5 ⁇ Abrasivity ⁇ 20 [13] Having a magnetic layer containing magnetic powder, The magnetic layer contains first particles having conductivity and second particles having a Mohs hardness of 7 or more, protrusions are formed on the surface of the magnetic layer by the first particles and the second particles; The ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 2.3 or less.
  • a magnetic recording medium wherein the average height (H 1 ) of protrusions formed by the first particles is 12 nm or less.
  • a magnetic recording cartridge wherein the magnetic recording medium according to any one of [1] to [13] is wound around a reel and housed in a case.
  • the average area per protrusion formed by each of the first particles and the second particles (referred to as SEM_average area in Table 1), the total area of the protrusions (referred to as SEM_total area in Table 1) ), number of protrusions per unit area (protrusion density), average height of protrusions (referred to as AFM_protrusion average height in Table 1), average diameter of protrusions (Feret diameter), protrusion height of 10 nm or more Ratio of the first particles forming protrusions, ratio of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more, abrasivity with respect to AlTiC prisms, average thickness (average total thickness) t T of the magnetic tape, magnetism
  • the average layer thickness t m the average thickness of the non-magnetic layer (underlayer), the average thickness of the base layer, the average thickness of the back layer, and the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values are determined by the measurement
  • Example 1 (Preparation step of coating material for magnetic layer formation) A coating material for forming a magnetic layer was prepared as follows. First, a first composition having the following formulation was kneaded with an extruder. Next, the kneaded first composition and the second composition having the following composition were added to a stirring tank equipped with a disper and premixed. Subsequently, sand mill mixing was carried out and filter treatment was carried out to prepare a coating material for forming a magnetic layer.
  • Aluminum oxide powder 7.5 parts by mass ( ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , average particle size 80 nm, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: HIT82, Mohs hardness: 9)
  • Carbon black 2.0 parts by mass (average particle size 70 nm, manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd., trade name: SEAST TA)
  • Vinyl chloride resin 1.6 parts by mass (as 30% by mass resin in cyclohexanone solution)
  • n-butyl stearate 2 parts by mass methyl ethyl ketone: 121.3 parts by mass toluene: 121.3 parts by mass cyclohexanone: 60.7 parts by mass
  • the magnetic layer P/B ratio means the magnetic powder/adhesive (binder) ratio and was 7.0.
  • the P/B ratio in each example is shown in Table 1 below.
  • a base layer-forming coating material was prepared as follows. First, a third composition having the following formulation was kneaded with an extruder. Next, the kneaded third composition and the fourth composition having the following composition were added to a stirring tank equipped with a disper and premixed. Subsequently, sand mill mixing was carried out and filter treatment was carried out to prepare a base layer forming coating material.
  • polyisocyanate (trade name: Coronate L, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation): 2 parts by mass and myristic acid: 2 parts by mass are added as curing agents to the base layer forming coating prepared as described above. did.
  • a coating material for forming a back layer was prepared as follows. The following raw materials were mixed in a stirring tank equipped with a disper and subjected to filter treatment to prepare a coating material for forming a back layer.
  • Carbon black (manufactured by Asahi Corporation, trade name: #80): 100 parts by mass Polyester polyurethane: 100 parts by mass (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Co., Ltd., trade name: N-2304) Methyl ethyl ketone: 500 parts by mass Toluene: 400 parts by mass Cyclohexanone: 100 parts by mass Polyisocyanate (trade name: Coronate L, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation): 10 parts by mass
  • a PEN film (base film) having an elongated shape and an average thickness of 4.0 ⁇ m was prepared as a base layer of the magnetic tape.
  • the paint for forming the base layer is applied on one main surface of the PEN film and dried, so that the average thickness of the final product becomes 1.05 ⁇ m on one main surface of the PEN film.
  • a base layer was formed as follows.
  • a magnetic layer-forming paint was applied onto the underlayer and dried to form a magnetic layer on the underlayer so that the average thickness of the finished product would be 0.08 ⁇ m.
  • the other main surface of the PEN film on which the underlayer and the magnetic layer are formed is coated with a paint for forming a back layer and dried so that the average thickness of the final product is 0.50 ⁇ m.
  • a back layer was formed on the Then, the PEN film on which the underlayer, magnetic layer and back layer were formed was subjected to a curing treatment. After that, calendering was performed to smooth the surface of the magnetic layer.
  • a magnetic recording cartridge was obtained by winding the 1/2 inch wide magnetic tape around a reel provided in the cartridge case.
  • a servo signal was recorded on the magnetic tape by a servo track writer.
  • the servo signal is composed of a string of magnetic patterns in a V-shape, and the magnetic patterns are arranged in the longitudinal direction at known intervals (hereinafter referred to as "intervals between known magnetic pattern strings when pre-recorded"). Two or more parallel rows were pre-recorded.
  • the obtained magnetic tape had an average height (H 1 ) of protrusions formed by carbon black particles corresponding to the first particles and aluminum oxide ( ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , hereinafter referred to as alumina) corresponding to the second particles.
  • the ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles is 2.21, and the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles is 11.5.
  • the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 5.1 nm or less, and the proportion of the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more is 58%,
  • the ratio of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more was 5.9%, the average thickness (average total thickness) t T of the magnetic tape was 5.63 ⁇ m, and the average thickness t m of the magnetic layer. was 0.08 ⁇ m, the average thickness of the nonmagnetic layer (underlayer) was 1.05 ⁇ m, the average thickness of the base layer was 4.00 ⁇ m, and the average thickness of the back layer was 0.50 ⁇ m.
  • the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values was less than 50 nm within 40 FV numbers, and a good effect of suppressing friction increase was obtained.
  • the abrasivity for AlTiC prisms was 16.0 at 100 passes and 16.6 at 200 passes, both of which had good polishing power.
  • Example 2 In Example 1, magnetic powder (hexagonal ferrite having an M-type structure, composition: Ba-Ferrite, average particle volume: 1600 nm 3 ) was used, and the vinyl chloride resin of the first composition (30% by mass of cyclohexanone solution) was used.
  • the proportion of the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more is 35%
  • the proportion of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more is 0%
  • the average thickness of the magnetic tape The average total thickness tT of the magnetic layer was 5.68 ⁇ m
  • the average thickness tm of the magnetic layer was 0.08 ⁇ m
  • the average thickness of the non-magnetic layer (underlayer) was 1.10 ⁇ m
  • the average thickness of the base layer was
  • the average thickness of the back layer was 0.48 ⁇ m
  • the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES value was less than 50 nm within 40 FV numbers, and a good friction increase suppressing effect was obtained.
  • the abrasivity for AlTiC prisms was 17.0 with 100 passes and 16.0 with 200 passes, both of which had good polishing power.
  • Example 3 In Example 1, magnetic powder (hexagonal ferrite having an M-type structure, composition: Ba-Ferrite, average particle volume: 1600 nm 3 ) was used, and the ceramic material shown in FIG. A square pillar bar (abrasivity bar) made of (AlTiC) is attached, and the magnetic tape is reciprocated on the square pillar bar (abrasivity bar), and carbon black particles protruding from the magnetic tape surface A process for scraping off the formed protrusions was performed. The resulting magnetic tape has a ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 1 ) of protrusions formed by the first particles to the average height (H 2 ) of protrusions formed by the second particles.
  • the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles is 7.6 nm
  • the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 5.0 nm.
  • a magnetic tape was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the The proportion of the first particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more is 80%, the proportion of the second particles forming protrusions with a protrusion height of 10 nm or more is 0%, and the average thickness of the magnetic tape ( The average total thickness t T is 5.58 ⁇ m, the average thickness t m of the magnetic layer is 0.08 ⁇ m, the average thickness of the non-magnetic layer (underlayer) is 1.02 ⁇ m, and the average thickness of the base layer is The average thickness of the back layer was 0.48 ⁇ m, the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES value was less than 50 nm within 40 FV numbers, and a good friction increase suppressing effect was obtained.
  • Example 4 In Example 1, magnetic powder (hexagonal ferrite having an M-type structure, composition: Ba-Ferrite, average particle volume: 1600 nm 3 ) was used, and the vinyl chloride resin of the first composition was used in the coating material for forming the magnetic layer. (30% by mass of cyclohexanone solution) is 65 parts by mass, and the ratio ( H 1 /H 2 ) is 1.73, the average height of protrusions formed by the first particles (H 1 ) is 11.4 nm, and the average height of protrusions formed by the second particles (H 2 ) was 6.6 nm, a magnetic tape was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the ratio of the first particles forming projections with a projection height of 10 nm or more is 93%
  • the ratio of the second particles forming projections with a projection height of 10 nm or more is 13%
  • the average thickness of the magnetic tape The average total thickness tT of the magnetic layer was 5.52 ⁇ m
  • the average thickness tm of the magnetic layer was 0.07 ⁇ m
  • the average thickness of the non-magnetic layer (underlayer) was 1.00 ⁇ m
  • the average thickness of the base layer was
  • the average thickness of the back layer was 0.45 ⁇ m
  • the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES value was less than 50 nm within 40 FV numbers, and a good friction increase suppressing effect was obtained.
  • the abrasivity for AlTiC prisms was 18.5 at 100 passes and 18.0 at 200 passes, both of which had good polishing power.
  • Example 5 In Example 1, magnetic powder (hexagonal ferrite having an M-type structure, composition: Ba-Ferrite, average particle volume: 1600 nm 3 ) was used, and aluminum oxide powder: 5.0 parts by mass was used in the coating material for forming the magnetic layer.
  • magnetic powder hexagonal ferrite having an M-type structure, composition: Ba-Ferrite, average particle volume: 1600 nm 3
  • aluminum oxide powder 5.0 parts by mass was used in the coating material for forming the magnetic layer.
  • Example 1 In Example 1, 2.0 parts by mass of carbon black particles with a particle size of 100 nm and 1.5 parts by mass of carbon black particles with a particle size of 70 nm were blended, and the average height of the protrusions formed by the first particles The ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of (H 1 ) and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 2.35, and the average height of the protrusions formed by the first particles ( A magnetic tape was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that H 1 ) was 12.2 nm and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles was 5.2 nm. .
  • the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values exceeded 50 nm within 40 FV numbers, indicating that the effect of suppressing friction increase was poor. This is because the ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 2.3. This is thought to be because the contact area between the magnetic tape surface and the magnetic head increased as the carbon black particles corresponding to the first particles were scraped away as the magnetic tape ran.
  • Example 1 uses magnetic powder (hexagonal ferrite having an M-type structure, composition: Ba-Ferrite, average particle volume: 1600 nm 3 ) and aluminum oxide powder ( ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , Average particle size 100 nm, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: HIT60A, Mohs hardness: 9): 5 parts by mass is added to reduce the thickness of the magnetic layer and the thickness of the back layer, and the protrusions formed by the first particles are reduced.
  • magnetic powder hexagonal ferrite having an M-type structure, composition: Ba-Ferrite, average particle volume: 1600 nm 3
  • aluminum oxide powder ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , Average particle size 100 nm, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: HIT60A, Mohs hardness: 9
  • the ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 1 ) and the average height (H 2 ) of the projections formed by the second particles is 1.57, and the average height of the projections formed by the first particles
  • a magnetic tape was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the height (H 1 ) was 12.9 nm and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles was 8.2 nm. got Abrasivity 100 pass for AlTiC prisms was 21.0, and the polishing force was too large.
  • Example 3 Magnetic Powder (needle-shaped metal, composition: Co 23 atm%, Fe 77 atm%, average particle volume: 3000 nm 3 ) was used, and vinyl chloride resin (30% by mass of cyclohexanone solution) of the first composition was used.
  • aluminum oxide powder 5.0 parts by mass ( ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , average particle size 80 nm, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: HIT82, Mohs hardness: 9) is blended, and the first particles
  • the ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 2.05;
  • Example 1 except that the average height (H 1 ) of the projections formed by the second particles was 12.7 nm, and the average height (H 2 ) of the projections formed by the second particles was 6.2 nm.
  • a magnetic tape was obtained in the same manner.
  • the Abrasivity 100 pass for AlTiC prisms was 26.4 and the Abrasivity 200 pass was 24.1. This is probably because the magnetic powder was needle-shaped metal magnetic powder and was oriented in the longitudinal direction, resulting in an excessively large abrasive force.
  • Example 4 magnetic powder (hexagonal ferrite having an M-type structure, composition: Ba-Ferrite, average particle volume: 1600 nm 3 ) was used, and aluminum oxide powder: 5.0 parts by mass was used in the coating material for forming the magnetic layer.
  • the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES values exceeded 50 nm within 40 FV numbers, indicating that the effect of suppressing friction increase was poor.
  • Abrasivity 100 pass for AlTiC prisms was 12.0, and abrasivity 200 pass was 12.0, indicating inferior abrasivity. This is because the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first grains is too much higher than the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second grains, causing the second grains to interfere with the magnetic head. This is probably because the chances of contact decreased and the polishing power decreased.
  • Table 1 shows the configurations and evaluation results of the magnetic tapes of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4.
  • t T Average thickness of magnetic tape (average total thickness) (unit: ⁇ m)
  • t m average thickness of the magnetic layer (unit: nm)
  • t b Average thickness of the back layer (unit: ⁇ m)
  • All of the magnetic tapes of Examples 1 to 5 had a ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) is 2.3 or less and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 7 nm or less, or the average height of the protrusions formed by the first particles
  • the ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) of (H 1 ) and the average height (H 2 ) of the projections formed by the second particles is 2.3 or less, and the average of the projections formed by the first particles
  • the height (H 1 ) was 12 nm or less, and the standard deviation ⁇ PES of the PES value was less than 50 nm within the 40 FV number, and a good friction increase suppression effect was obtained.
  • the abrasivity against AlTiC prisms was 12.5 or more and within the range of 20 or less, and no decrease in abrasive force of the magnetic tape due to running occurred.
  • the magnetic tape of Example 1 has an average height of protrusions formed by the first particles (H 1 ) and an average height of protrusions formed by the second particles ( H 2 ) ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) is 2.3 or less, and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 7 nm or less, or
  • the average height (H 1 ) of the formed projections was 12 nm or less, and the friction increase (PES increase) suppressing effect was good.
  • the magnetic tape of Example 3 has an average height of protrusions formed by the first particles (H 1 ) and an average height of protrusions formed by the second particles (H 1 ).
  • H 2 ) ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) is 2.3 or less, and the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles is 7 nm or less, or
  • the average height (H 1 ) of the formed projections was 12 nm or less, the friction increase (PES increase) suppressing effect was good, and the abrasivity to AlTiC prisms was also appropriate.
  • the average height (H 2 ) of the protrusions formed by the second particles exceeded 7 nm
  • the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles was It exceeded 12 nm
  • the abrasiveness (Abrasivity) 100 pass for AlTiC prism exceeded 20, and the polishing power was too high.
  • the magnetic tape of Example 2 has an average height of protrusions formed by the first particles (H 1 ) and an average height of protrusions formed by the second particles ( H 2 ) ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) is 2.3 or less, and the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles is 12 nm or less, and the abrasiveness to AlTiC prisms ) was also correct.
  • the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles exceeded 12 nm, and the abrasivity to the AlTiC prism exceeded 20 for both 100 passes and 200 passes. The polishing power was too high.
  • the magnetic tape of Example 2 has an average height of protrusions formed by the first particles (H 1 ) and an average height of protrusions formed by the second particles ( H 2 ) ratio (H 1 /H 2 ) is 2.3 or less, and the average height (H 1 ) of the protrusions formed by the first particles is 12 nm or less, and friction increase (PES increase)
  • the inhibitory effect was good, and the abrasivity to AlTiC prisms was also appropriate.
  • the configurations, methods, steps, shapes, materials, numerical values, etc. given in the above-described embodiments and examples are merely examples, and different configurations, methods, steps, shapes, materials, and the like may be necessary.
  • a numerical value or the like may be used.
  • the chemical formulas of compounds and the like are representative ones, and the valence numbers and the like are not limited as long as they are common names of the same compound.
  • a numerical range indicated using “to” indicates a range that includes the numerical values before and after “to” as the minimum and maximum values, respectively.
  • the upper limit or lower limit of the numerical range in one step may be replaced with the upper limit or lower limit of the numerical range in another step.
  • the materials exemplified in this specification can be used singly or in combination of two or more unless otherwise specified.

Landscapes

  • Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
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