WO2022208875A1 - 車両 - Google Patents
車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022208875A1 WO2022208875A1 PCT/JP2021/014361 JP2021014361W WO2022208875A1 WO 2022208875 A1 WO2022208875 A1 WO 2022208875A1 JP 2021014361 W JP2021014361 W JP 2021014361W WO 2022208875 A1 WO2022208875 A1 WO 2022208875A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- degrees
- angle
- suspension
- vehicle according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 14
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/1078—Parts, details or accessories with shock absorbers or other suspension arrangements between wheels and frame
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
- B62K5/02—Tricycles
- B62K5/023—Tricycles specially adapted for disabled riders, e.g. personal mobility type vehicles with three wheels
- B62K5/025—Tricycles specially adapted for disabled riders, e.g. personal mobility type vehicles with three wheels power-driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/1051—Arrangements for steering
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/1097—Camber- or toe-adjusting means for the drive wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
- B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
- B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
- B62K5/08—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with steering devices acting on two or more wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
- B62K5/10—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with means for inwardly inclining the vehicle body on bends
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
- B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
- B60G2200/144—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with two lateral arms forming a parallelogram
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
- B60G2200/44—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions steerable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
- B60G2200/46—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions camber angle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
- B62K2005/001—Suspension details for cycles with three or more main road wheels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to vehicles.
- a handle-type electric wheelchair is known as one of the vehicles on which people ride (for example, Patent Document 1).
- a handle-type electric wheelchair may also be referred to as an electric cart.
- handle-type electric wheelchairs are used for traveling on relatively flat paved roads. For example, a user can travel between his/her home and a store for shopping by riding a handle-type electric wheelchair.
- a vehicle has at least three wheels including steered wheels, at least one drive source for driving at least two of the wheels, and an upper arm and a lower arm for supporting the steered wheels. and a suspension, wherein when the vehicle is stationary on a horizontal road surface, the hanging angle of the lower arm is larger than the hanging angle of the upper arm, and the hanging angle of the lower arm and the upper arm are equal to each other. The difference from the hanging angle of is 5 degrees or more.
- the angle between the longitudinal direction of the upper arm and the lower arm and the center line of the tire when the suspension is stroked by making the hanging angle of the lower arm larger than the hanging angle of the upper arm and setting the difference between the hanging angles to 5 degrees or more. can be reduced.
- the clearance between the suspension and the steered wheels is increased, and it is possible to increase both the wheel stroke and the turning angle of the steered wheels.
- the difference between the hanging angle of the lower arm and the hanging angle of the upper arm may be 5 degrees or more and 9 degrees or less.
- the amount of change in the camber angle of the steered wheels with respect to the wheel stroke of the suspension may be 5 degrees or more.
- the amount of change in the camber angle of the steered wheels with respect to the wheel stroke of the suspension may be 5 degrees or more and 10 degrees or less.
- the camber angle of the steered wheels may be negative camber when the suspension performs a bound stroke, and the camber angle of the steered wheels may be positive camber when the suspension performs a rebound stroke.
- the hanging angle of the upper arm may be 15 degrees or more and the hanging angle of the lower arm may be 20 degrees or more when the vehicle is stationary on a horizontal road surface.
- the roll rigidity can be increased due to the large hanging angles of the upper arm and the lower arm of 15 degrees or more and 20 degrees or more, respectively.
- the hanging angle of the upper arm is 15 degrees or more and 20 degrees or less
- the hanging angle of the lower arm is 20 degrees or more and 25 degrees or less. There may be.
- the roll rigidity can be increased due to the large hanging angles of the upper and lower arms.
- the swing angle of each of the upper arm and the lower arm may be 30 degrees or more.
- the swing angle of the upper and lower arms is as large as 30 degrees or more, making it possible to improve drivability on unpaved roads and bumps.
- the swing angle of each of the upper arm and the lower arm may be 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less.
- the wheel stroke of the suspension may be 60 mm or more.
- the wheel stroke of the suspension may be 60 mm or more and 150 mm or less.
- the wheel stroke of the suspension may be 0.5 times or more the longitudinal length of each of the upper arm and the lower arm.
- the wheel stroke is more than 0.5 times longer than the longitudinal length of each of the upper and lower arms, making it possible to improve drivability on unpaved roads and bumps.
- the wheel stroke of the suspension may be 0.5 times or more and 0.80 times or less of the longitudinal length of each of the upper arm and the lower arm.
- the steered wheels include an inner wheel and an outer wheel, the maximum steering angle of the inner wheel may be 50 degrees or more, and the maximum steering angle of the outer wheel may be 35 degrees or more.
- the large turning angle of the steering wheel makes it possible to reduce the minimum turning radius of the vehicle, making it possible to make small turns.
- the maximum steering angle of the inner ring may be 50 degrees or more and 80 degrees or less, and the maximum steering angle of the outer ring may be 35 degrees or more and 80 degrees or less.
- the large turning angle of the steering wheel makes it possible to reduce the minimum turning radius of the vehicle, making it possible to make small turns.
- the minimum turning radius of the vehicle may be 2.5 times or less of the tread width of the steered wheels.
- the minimum turning radius of the vehicle may be 1400 mm or less.
- the vehicle's minimum turning radius is small, making it possible to make small turns.
- the outer diameter of the steering wheel may be 0.26 times or more the total length of the vehicle.
- the outer diameter of the steered wheels is 0.26 times or more the overall length of the vehicle, making it possible to improve drivability on unpaved roads and bumps, as well as improve ride comfort.
- the outer diameter of the steering wheel may be 0.26 to 0.4 times the overall length of the vehicle.
- the outer diameter of the steering wheel is large relative to the overall length of the vehicle, making it possible to improve driving performance on unpaved roads and bumps, as well as improve ride comfort.
- the outer diameter of the steering wheel may be 0.43 times or more the wheelbase of the vehicle.
- the outer diameter of the steered wheels is at least 0.43 times larger than the wheelbase of the vehicle, making it possible to improve driving performance on unpaved roads and bumps, as well as improve ride comfort.
- the outer diameter of the steering wheel may be 0.43 to 0.67 times the wheelbase of the vehicle.
- the outer diameter of the steered wheels is large relative to the vehicle's wheelbase, making it possible to improve driving performance on unpaved roads and bumps, as well as improve ride comfort.
- the vehicle is a steering wheel-type electric wheelchair, and may further include a steering wheel that is steered by an occupant and a seat on which the occupant sits.
- a handle-type electric wheelchair with a large wheel stroke and a large turning angle of the steering wheel can be realized.
- the angle between the longitudinal direction of the upper arm and the lower arm and the center line of the tire when the suspension is stroked by making the hanging angle of the lower arm larger than the hanging angle of the upper arm and setting the difference between the hanging angles to 5 degrees or more. can be reduced.
- the clearance between the suspension and the steered wheels is increased, and it is possible to increase both the wheel stroke and the turning angle of the steered wheels.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment; FIG. It is a left side view showing vehicle 1 concerning an embodiment. It is a front view showing vehicle 1 concerning an embodiment. 1 is a plan view showing an outline of a steering mechanism included in a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment; FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an outline of a steering mechanism included in a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment; FIG. It is a front view showing the rear suspension 50 according to the embodiment. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of vehicle 1 according to an embodiment; FIG. It is a front view showing the front suspension 40 according to the embodiment. It is a front view showing the front suspension 40 according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a front view showing a front suspension 40a of a comparative example; FIG. 4 is a front view showing a front suspension 40a of a comparative example; It is a front view showing the front suspension 40 according to the embodiment. It is a figure which shows the steering angle of 4L of steering wheels and 4R which concerns on embodiment.
- front, rear, up, down, left, and right mean front, rear, up, down, left, and right, respectively, when viewed from an occupant seated in a vehicle seat.
- the left-right direction of the vehicle is sometimes referred to as the vehicle width direction.
- the following embodiments are examples, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a left side view of the vehicle 1.
- FIG. 3 is a front view showing the vehicle 1.
- FIG. 1 In order to explain the structure of the vehicle 1 in an easy-to-understand manner, illustration of part of the body cover is omitted in FIGS. 2 and 3 .
- the vehicle 1 is, for example, a handle-type electric wheelchair, but the present invention is not limited thereto. An example in which the vehicle 1 is a handle-type electric wheelchair will be described below.
- the vehicle 1 includes a body frame 2 (Fig. 2).
- the vehicle body frame 2 includes an underframe 2u, a rear frame 2r, a seat frame 2s and a front frame 2f (Fig. 3).
- the underframe 2 u extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1 .
- a rear frame 2r extends upward from the rear portion of the underframe 2u, and a seat frame 2s extends rearward from an upper portion of the rear frame 2r.
- a front frame 2f extends upward from the front portion of the underframe 2u.
- a head tube 22 (Fig. 2) is provided on the upper part of the front frame 2f (Fig. 3).
- the head tube 22 rotatably supports a steering column 26 passing therethrough.
- a steering column 26 has an upper end portion provided with a handle 6 for steering by an occupant.
- the steering wheel 6 is provided with an accelerator operator 7 (FIG. 1) and a pair of left and right rearview mirrors 9 .
- the body cover 28 is provided so as to partially cover the body frame 2 .
- a front guard 29 is provided on the body cover 28 . Since the front guard 29 is arranged in front of the occupant, the occupant can feel a sense of security during traveling.
- the front suspension 40 has an upper arm 41L, a lower arm 42L, and a shock absorber 45L.
- One end of the upper arm 41L is rotatably supported by the front frame 2f via a pivot 46L.
- the other end of the upper arm 41L rotatably supports the knuckle arm 44L via a pivot 47L.
- One end of the lower arm 42L is rotatably supported by the front frame 2f via a pivot 48L.
- the other end of the lower arm 42L rotatably supports the knuckle arm 44L via a pivot 49L.
- the knuckle arm 44L rotatably supports the front wheel 4L.
- the front suspension 40 has an upper arm 41R, a lower arm 42R, and a shock absorber 45R.
- One end of the upper arm 41R is rotatably supported by the front frame 2f via a pivot 46R.
- the other end of the upper arm 41R rotatably supports the knuckle arm 44R via a pivot 47R.
- One end of the lower arm 42R is rotatably supported by the front frame 2f via a pivot 48R.
- the other end of the lower arm 42R rotatably supports the knuckle arm 44R via a pivot 49R.
- the knuckle arm 44R rotatably supports the front wheel 4R.
- Front suspension 40 rotatably supports front wheels 4L and 4R via knuckle arms 44L and 44R.
- the front wheels 4L and 4R are steering wheels.
- the front suspension 40 is sometimes called a double wishbone suspension.
- the arm shape of the double wishbone suspension is not limited to an A shape (V shape).
- double wishbone type is a general term for suspension systems in which wheels are supported by a pair of upper and lower arms.
- a suspension tower 27 is provided on the front frame 2f. An upper portion of each of the shock absorbers 45L and 45R is rotatably supported by the suspension tower 27. As shown in FIG. A lower portion of the shock absorber 45L rotatably supports the upper arm 41L. A lower portion of the shock absorber 45R rotatably supports the upper arm 41R.
- the front frame 2f extends vertically at a position near the center in the vehicle width direction.
- the frame portion to which the suspension is attached is required to have high strength because the shock received by the suspension from the road surface is transmitted.
- the suspension towers 27 are provided near the left and right ends of the vehicle body, it is necessary to ensure high strength in the frame portion extending in the left and right direction from the center in the vehicle width direction, which increases the weight of the vehicle body.
- shock absorbers 45L and 45R are attached to the upper arms 41L and 41R.
- FIG. 4A and 4B are plan views showing the outline of the steering mechanism provided in the vehicle 1.
- FIG. A pitman arm 49 is attached to the lower end of the steering column 26 .
- One end of the tie rod 43L and one end of the tie rod 43R are rotatably connected to the pitman arm 49, respectively.
- the other end of tie rod 43L is rotatably connected to knuckle arm 44L.
- the other end of the tie rod 43R is rotatably connected to the knuckle arm 44R.
- Fig. 4A shows the steering mechanism during straight running.
- the occupant rotates the steering wheel 6 (Fig. 1).
- the steering force generated by the occupant turning steering wheel 6 is transmitted to pitman arm 49 via steering column 26 .
- Pitman arm 49 rotates about steering column 26, and steering force is transmitted to front wheels 4L and 4R via tie rods 43L and 43R and knuckle arms 44L and 44R.
- the transmitted steering force changes the steering angles of the front wheels 4L and 4R, and the vehicle 1 can travel while turning left or right.
- the seat frame 2s is provided with a seat 3 on which an occupant sits.
- the seat 3 includes a seat base 31 provided on the seat frame 2 s and a cushion 32 provided on the seat base 31 .
- the seat base 31 is also called a plate material or a bottom plate.
- the seat base 31 constitutes the bottom portion of the seat 3 and has a role of securing the strength of the seat 3 as a whole. Therefore, the seat base 31 is made of a material with relatively high rigidity.
- a metal material or a synthetic resin material such as polypropylene can be used, but the material is not limited to these.
- the cushion 32 is superimposed on the surface of the seat base 31.
- the cushion 32 may be formed from a material that retains adequate elasticity over time to maintain good ride comfort.
- foamed polyurethane urethane foam
- the material is not limited to this.
- Armrests 38 are provided on both sides of the seat 3 for the occupant to put their arms on.
- the armrest 38 also serves as a side guard.
- a rear portion of the seat 3 is provided with a backrest 39 on which the occupant rests.
- the underframe 2u is provided with a footboard 8 (Fig. 1) on which the passenger puts his/her feet.
- the footboard 8 is anti-slip processed.
- the upper surface of the footboard 8 has a generally flat shape so that the passenger can easily get on and off.
- FIG. 5 is a front view showing the rear suspension 50.
- the rear suspension 50 is sometimes called a trailing arm suspension.
- the rear suspension 50 has rear arms 51L and 51R and shock absorbers 55L and 55R.
- the rear arms 51L and 51R are swing arms.
- a front portion of the rear arm 51L is rotatably supported by a left rear portion of the underframe 2u via a pivot 56L.
- a front portion of the rear arm 51R is rotatably supported by a right rear portion of the underframe 2u via a pivot 56R.
- the upper portion of the shock absorber 55L and the upper portion of the shock absorber 55R are each rotatably supported by the rear frame 2r (Fig. 2).
- a lower portion of the shock absorber 55L rotatably supports the rear arm 51L.
- a lower portion of the shock absorber 55R rotatably supports the rear arm 51R.
- An electric motor 60L is provided at the rear portion of the rear arm 51L.
- the electric motor 60L is an in-wheel motor, and the electric motor 60L is provided with the rear wheels 5L.
- the rear suspension 50 rotatably supports the rear wheel 5L via the electric motor 60L.
- An electric motor 60R is provided at the rear portion of the rear arm 51R.
- the electric motor 60R is an in-wheel motor, and the electric motor 60R is provided with the rear wheels 5R.
- the rear suspension 50 rotatably supports the rear wheel 5R via the electric motor 60R.
- the rear wheels 5L and 5R are drive wheels.
- the vehicle 1 of this embodiment employs large-sized wheels 4L, 4R, 5L, and 5R.
- the outer diameters of the front and rear wheels are, for example, 14 inches or more, but are not limited to this.
- two electric motors 60L and 60R are used to drive the rear wheels 5L and 5R independently of each other.
- a vehicle with a differential gear has a problem that when one driving wheel spins, it is difficult for the driving force to be transmitted to the other driving wheel.
- the present embodiment even if one of the rear wheels 5L and 5R spins, the other can exert a gripping force, so that the vehicle can stably continue running.
- the electric motors that drive the rear wheels 5L and 5R are not limited to in-wheel motors.
- the driving force may be transmitted from one electric motor to the rear wheels 5L and 5R.
- the vehicle 1 may be four-wheel drive.
- an in-wheel motor is also provided for each of the front wheels 4L and 4R.
- the driving force may be transmitted from one electric motor to the front wheels 4L and 4R. Further, the driving force may be transmitted from one electric motor to each of the front wheels 4L and 4R and the rear wheels 5L and 5R.
- the vehicle 1 of this embodiment includes an independent front suspension 40 and an independent rear suspension 50 . Also, two electric motors 60L and 60R are used to drive the rear wheels 5L and 5R independently of each other. As a result, it is possible to improve the ability to follow the unevenness of the road surface and stably transmit the driving force to the road surface. Also, the turning performance of the vehicle can be enhanced. According to this embodiment, it is possible to improve the running performance of the vehicle on unpaved roads and bumps.
- rear suspension 50 is not limited to an independent suspension type suspension, and may be an axle suspension type suspension.
- an in-wheel motor is used as the electric motor.
- the electric motor is used as the electric motor.
- the rear suspension 50 is not restricted by the drive shaft.
- rear arms 51L and 51R extend in the front-rear direction, and pivots 56L and 56R are located forward of rotation shafts 57 of rear wheels 5L and 5R. With such a configuration, the wheel stroke of the rear suspension 50 can be increased.
- the wheel stroke of the rear suspension 50 is 60 mm or more, but it is not limited to this. With a large wheel stroke of 60 mm or more, it is possible to improve drivability on unpaved roads and bumps.
- the upper limit of the wheel stroke of the rear suspension 50 may vary depending on the size of the vehicle 1, and is, for example, 150 mm, but is not limited to this.
- the vehicle 1 since no drive shaft is required and the rear arms 52L and 51R are not positioned near the center of the rear of the vehicle, a space can be secured near the center of the rear of the vehicle. Since there is a space near the center of the rear part of the vehicle, even if there is a large difference in the vertical position of the left and right rear wheels 5L and 5R due to the operation of the independent rear suspension 50, the vehicle body can be placed on the ground. can be made difficult to come into contact with.
- the vehicle 1 may be provided with a drive shaft when driving force is transmitted from one electric motor to the rear wheels 5L and 5R without using the in-wheel motor.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of vehicle 1.
- Vehicle 1 includes a control device 70 .
- Control device 70 controls the operation of vehicle 1 .
- the control device 70 is, for example, an MCU (Motor Control Unit).
- the control device 70 has a semiconductor integrated circuit such as a microcontroller, signal processor, etc. capable of performing digital signal processing.
- the control device 70 includes a processor 71, memory 72, drive circuits 73L and 73R.
- Processor 71 controls the operation of electric motors 60L and 60R and the operation of each part of vehicle 1 .
- Memory 72 stores a computer program that defines procedures for controlling the operations of electric motors 60L and 60R and each part of vehicle 1 .
- the processor 71 reads computer programs from the memory 72 and performs various controls. Power is supplied to the control device 70 from the battery 10 .
- the control device 70 and the battery 10 are provided at arbitrary positions of the vehicle 1, for example, below the seat 3, but are not limited thereto.
- the battery 10 may be provided detachably with respect to the vehicle 1 .
- the battery 10 may be detachably provided behind the seat 3 .
- the accelerator operator 7 outputs a signal to the processor 71 according to the accelerator operation amount of the passenger.
- the steering angle sensor 75 is provided, for example, on the head tube 22 or the steering column 26 and outputs a signal corresponding to the rotation angle of the steering column 26 to the processor 71 .
- the electric motor 60L is provided with a rotation sensor 61L.
- Rotation sensor 61L detects the rotation angle of electric motor 60L and outputs a signal corresponding to the rotation angle to processor 71 and drive circuit 73L.
- Processor 71 and drive circuit 73L compute the rotation speed of electric motor 60L from the output signal of rotation sensor 61L.
- the electric motor 60R is provided with a rotation sensor 61R.
- Rotation sensor 61R detects the rotation angle of electric motor 60R and outputs a signal corresponding to the rotation angle to processor 71 and drive circuit 73R.
- Processor 71 and drive circuit 73R compute the rotation speed of electric motor 60R from the output signal of rotation sensor 61R.
- the sizes of the rear wheels 5L and 5R are stored in advance in the memory 72, and the running speed of the vehicle 1 can be calculated from the rotational speeds of the electric motors 60L and 60R.
- the processor 71 calculates a command value for generating an appropriate driving force from the output signal of the accelerator operator 7, the output signal of the steering angle sensor 75, the traveling speed of the vehicle, information stored in the memory 72, and the like. and transmitted to the driving circuits 73L and 73R. Processor 71 can transmit different command values to drive circuits 73L and 73R according to the running state of the vehicle.
- the drive circuits 73L and 73R are, for example, inverters.
- the drive circuit 73L supplies the electric motor 60L with a drive current according to the command value from the processor 71.
- the drive circuit 73R supplies the electric motor 60L with a drive current corresponding to the command value from the processor 71.
- the rotation of the electric motors 60L and 60R to which the drive current is supplied causes the rear wheels 5L and 5R to rotate. When the electric motors 60L and 60R are provided with reduction gears, the rotation is transmitted to the rear wheels 5L and 5R via those reduction gears.
- the vehicle 1 of this embodiment includes wheels 4L, 4R, 5L and 5R having large outer diameters. As a result, it is possible to improve the running performance on unpaved roads and bumps.
- the total length (length in the front-rear direction) of the vehicle 1 may be limited.
- the Japanese Industrial Standard "JIS T 9208:2016" for handle-type electric wheelchairs limits the overall length of the vehicle to 1200 mm or less. When the overall length of the vehicle 1 is limited in this way, increasing the outer diameter of the wheels shortens the wheelbase.
- the outer diameter Dw of each of the wheels 4L, 4R, 5L and 5R in this embodiment is relatively large, for example 0.26 times or more the overall length Lo of the vehicle 1. Further, the outer diameter Dw of the wheels is relatively large, for example, 0.43 times or more the wheelbase WB of the vehicle 1 . Thus, if the size of the wheel is relatively large, it is difficult to increase the steering angle of the wheel.
- the upper limit of the outer diameter Dw of the wheel is, for example, 0.4 times the overall length Lo of the vehicle 1, but is not limited to this.
- the outer diameter Dw of the wheel is, for example, 0.67 times the wheel base WB at maximum, but is not limited to this.
- a wheel with a large outer diameter and width is used as the steered wheel
- the steered wheel and the suspension that supports the steered wheel tend to interfere with each other, making it difficult to increase the turning angle of the steered wheel.
- a vehicle such as a steering wheel type electric wheelchair is required to be able to turn in a small radius, and it is required to increase the steering angle of the steering wheel.
- the wheel tends to interfere with the suspension even when the wheel strokes in the vertical direction, making it difficult to increase the wheel stroke.
- FIG. 3 shows the vehicle 1 in a predetermined state with a weight of 75 kg placed on the seat 3 (FIG. 1) and standing still on the horizontal road surface 15 .
- the weight is one of the weights specified in the Japanese Industrial Standard "JIS T 9208:2016" for handle-type electric wheelchairs. By placing such a weight on the seat 3, a state in which a person is in the vehicle 1 can be simulated.
- the upper arm 41L and the lower arm 42L of the front suspension 40 are inclined so that their heights gradually decrease leftward from the center in the vehicle width direction (horizontal direction). That is, the upper arm 41L and the lower arm 42L have hanging angles ⁇ 41L and ⁇ 42L.
- the hanging angle is the angle between the vehicle width direction and the arm longitudinal direction when the front suspension 40 is viewed from the front.
- the vehicle width direction can be parallel to the horizontal direction.
- the longitudinal direction of the arm is, for example, the direction from the center of the pivot on the front frame 2f side to the center of the pivot on the knuckle arm side.
- the droop angle is sometimes referred to as the anhedral angle.
- the upper arm 41R and the lower arm 42R of the front suspension 40 are inclined so that the height thereof gradually decreases toward the right from the center in the vehicle width direction. That is, the upper arm 41R and the lower arm 42R have hanging angles ⁇ 41R and ⁇ 42R.
- the hanging angles ⁇ 41L and ⁇ 41R of the upper arms 41L and 41R are, for example, 15 degrees or more.
- the hanging angles ⁇ 42L and ⁇ 42R of the lower arms 42L and 42R are, for example, 20 degrees or more.
- the roll rigidity of the vehicle 1 can be increased by increasing the drooping angle of each arm.
- the upper limit of the hanging angles ⁇ 41L and ⁇ 41R of the upper arms 41L and 41R is, for example, 20 degrees, but is not limited thereto.
- the upper limit of the hanging angles ⁇ 42L and ⁇ 42R of the lower arms 42L and 42R is, for example, 25 degrees, but is not limited thereto.
- each arm of the front suspension 40 has a sagging angle even in a state in which no weight is placed on the seat 3 (corresponding to a state in which no occupant is on the vehicle).
- the hanging angle ⁇ 42L of the lower arm 42L is larger than the hanging angle ⁇ 41L of the upper arm 41L .
- the difference between the hanging angle ⁇ 42L of the lower arm 42L and the hanging angle ⁇ 41L of the upper arm 41L is, for example, 5 degrees or more.
- the hanging angle ⁇ 42R of the lower arm 42R is larger than the hanging angle ⁇ 41R of the upper arm 41R .
- the difference between the hanging angle ⁇ 42R of the lower arm 42R and the hanging angle ⁇ 41R of the upper arm 41R is, for example, 5 degrees or more.
- the upper limit of the difference between the hanging angle of the lower arm and the hanging angle of the upper arm is, for example, 9 degrees, but is not limited to this.
- the upper limit of the droop angle difference may be 8 degrees.
- FIG. 7 and 8 are front views showing the front suspension 40.
- FIG. The features of the upper arm 41L, lower arm 42L, knuckle arm 44L and front wheel 4L will be mainly described below, but the features of the upper arm 41R, lower arm 42R, knuckle arm 44R and front wheel 4R are the same. Further, since the steered wheels in this embodiment are the front wheels, the front wheels may be referred to as the steered wheels.
- FIG. 7 shows the front suspension 40 when the steered wheels 4L move upward, that is, when the front suspension 40 contracts.
- FIG. 8 shows the front suspension 40 when the steered wheels 4L move downward, that is, when the front suspension 40 extends.
- the inventors of the present application made the hanging angle ⁇ 42L (FIG. 3) of the lower arm 42L larger than the hanging angle ⁇ 41L of the upper arm 41L, so that the change in the camber angle ⁇ c of the steering wheel 4L when the front suspension 40 stroked. I found that I could increase the amount. For example, the amount of change in the camber angle ⁇ c with respect to the wheel stroke can be 5 degrees or more.
- the camber angle ⁇ c By greatly changing the camber angle ⁇ c according to the stroke of the front suspension 40, the amount of change in the angle ⁇ u formed by the longitudinal direction LD1 of the upper arm 41L and the tire center line CtL when the front suspension 40 strokes is reduced. can be done. Further, it is possible to reduce the amount of change in the angle ⁇ l formed between the longitudinal direction LD2 of the lower arm 42L and the tire center line CtL when the front suspension 40 strokes.
- a small amount of change in the angle formed by the longitudinal direction of the arm and the tire centerline means that there is little change in the positional relationship between the arm and the steering wheel.
- the clearance between the front suspension 40 and the steered wheels 4L can be increased.
- the large clearance allows the turning angle of the steered wheels 4L to be increased and the wheel stroke to be increased.
- FIG. 9 and 10 are front views showing a front suspension 40a as a comparative example in which the hanging angle ⁇ 42L (FIG. 3) of the lower arm 42L and the hanging angle ⁇ 41L of the upper arm 41L are equal.
- the longitudinal direction LD1 of the upper arm 41L and the longitudinal direction LD2 of the lower arm 42L are parallel.
- FIG. 9 shows the front suspension 40a when the steered wheels 4L are moved upward.
- FIG. 10 shows the front suspension 40a when the steered wheels 4L move downward.
- the camber angle of the front suspension 40a does not substantially change when it is stroked. Therefore, the amount of change in the angle ⁇ u between the longitudinal direction LD1 of the upper arm 41L and the tire centerline CtL when stroked increases. Similarly, the amount of change in the angle ⁇ l between the longitudinal direction LD2 of the lower arm 42L and the tire centerline CtL when stroked increases.
- a large amount of change in the angle formed by the longitudinal direction of the arm and the tire centerline means a large change in the positional relationship between the arm and the steering wheel. It is difficult to secure the clearance due to the large change in the positional relationship between the arm and the steering wheel.
- the camber angle ⁇ c of the steered wheels 4L when the front suspension 40 undergoes a bounce stroke, the camber angle ⁇ c of the steered wheels 4L can become a negative camber. Also, when the front suspension 40 performs a rebound stroke, the camber angle ⁇ c of the steered wheels 4L can become a positive camber. By changing the camber angle ⁇ c between the negative camber and the positive camber according to the stroke of the front suspension 40, it is possible to reduce the amount of change in the angle formed by the longitudinal direction of the arm and the tire centerline.
- the upper limit of the amount of change in the camber angle ⁇ c with respect to the wheel stroke is, for example, 10 degrees, but is not limited to this.
- FIG. 11 is a front view showing the front suspension 40 of this embodiment.
- the front suspension 40 in a bound stroke state is indicated by a solid line
- the front suspension 40 in a rebound stroke state is indicated by a dotted line.
- the swing angle of the arm and the wheel stroke can be increased by increasing the clearance between the front suspension 40 and the steered wheels 4L.
- Each of the swing angle ⁇ s1 of the upper arm 41L and the swing angle ⁇ s2 of the lower arm 42L is, for example, 30 degrees or more. With a swing angle as large as 30 degrees or more, it is possible to improve running performance on unpaved roads and bumps.
- the wheel stroke WS is, for example, 60 mm or more. Since the wheel stroke WS is as large as 60 mm or more, it is possible to improve running performance on unpaved roads and bumps.
- the wheel stroke WS is 0.5 times or more the longitudinal length D 41 (FIG. 7) of the upper arm 41L and 0.5 times or more the longitudinal length D 42 of the lower arm 42L.
- the length of the arm in the longitudinal direction is, for example, the length between the center of the pivot on the front frame 2f side and the center of the pivot on the knuckle arm side. Since the wheel stroke WS is large with respect to the length of the arm, it is possible to improve the running performance on unpaved roads and bumps.
- the upper limit of the swing angles ⁇ s1 and ⁇ s2 is, for example, 60 degrees, but is not limited to this.
- the upper limit of the wheel stroke WS is, for example, 150 mm, but is not limited thereto.
- the wheel stroke WS is, for example, a maximum of 0.80 times the length of the arm in the longitudinal direction, but is not limited thereto.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the steering angles of the steered wheels 4L and 4R. Symbols CtL and CtR in FIG. 12 represent tire center lines of the steered wheels 4L and 4R. FIG. 12 shows the steering angle when the vehicle 1 turns to the right. In this embodiment, the steering angle of the steered wheels 4L and 4R can be increased by increasing the clearance between the front suspension 40 and the steered wheels 4L.
- the steered wheels 4R become the inner wheels and the steered wheels 4L become the outer wheels.
- the maximum value of the steering angle of the inner ring is, for example, 50 degrees or more
- the maximum value of the steering angle of the outer ring is, for example, 35 degrees or more.
- the cutting angle of the inner ring is larger than that of the outer ring.
- Such a steering angle relationship between the inner ring and the outer ring can be realized by adopting, for example, Ackermann type steering. Alternatively, for example, it may be realized by a steering system that controls the steering angle of the inner ring and the steering angle of the outer ring independently of each other.
- the turning angles of the steered wheels 4L and 4R are large, so that the minimum turning radius of the vehicle 1 can be reduced, and the vehicle can turn sharply.
- the maximum value of the cutting angle of the inner ring is, for example, 80 degrees or less, but is not limited thereto.
- the maximum cutting angle of the outer ring is, for example, 80 degrees or less, but is not limited thereto.
- the number of wheels of the vehicle 1 is not limited to four.
- the number of wheels should be three or more.
- the drive source for driving the wheels is not limited to the electric motor, and may be an internal combustion engine. Further, driving force may be transmitted from one driving source to a plurality of wheels.
- a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least three wheels including steered wheels 4L and 4R, at least one drive source 60L and 60R for driving at least two of the wheels, and steered wheels 4L and 4R.
- a vehicle 1 equipped with a front suspension 40 having upper arms 41L, 41R and lower arms 42L, 42R for supporting, and the hanging angle of the lower arms 42L, 42R in a state where the vehicle 1 is stationary on a horizontal road surface 15. is larger than the hanging angle of the upper arms 41L, 41R, and the difference between the hanging angle of the lower arms 42L, 42R and the hanging angle of the upper arms 41L, 41R is 5 degrees or more.
- the upper arms 41L and 41R and the lower arm 42L when the front suspension 40 strokes. , 42R and the tire centerline As a result, the clearance between the front suspension 40 and the steered wheels 4L, 4R is increased, and it is possible to increase both the wheel stroke WS and the steering angle of the steered wheels 4L, 4R.
- the difference between the hanging angles of the lower arms 42L, 42R and the hanging angles of the upper arms 41L, 41R may be 5 degrees or more and 9 degrees or less.
- the camber angles of the steered wheels 4L and 4R become negative camber
- the camber angles of the steered wheels 4L and 4R become positive camber. good too.
- the hanging angles of the upper arms 41L and 41R are 15 degrees or more, and the hanging angles of the lower arms 42L and 42R are 20 degrees or more.
- the roll rigidity can be increased by the large hanging angles of 15 degrees or more and 20 degrees or more of the upper arms 41L, 41R and the lower arms 42L, 42R, respectively.
- the hanging angles of the upper arms 41L and 41R are 15 degrees or more and 20 degrees or less, and the hanging angles of the lower arms 42L and 42R are 20 degrees. It may be above 25 degrees or below.
- the roll rigidity can be increased due to the large hanging angles of the upper arms 41L, 41R and the lower arms 42L, 42R.
- the swing angle of each of the upper arms 41L, 41R and the lower arms 42L, 42R may be 30 degrees or more.
- the swing angles of the upper arms 41L, 41R and the lower arms 42L, 42R are as large as 30 degrees or more, so that the running performance on unpaved roads and bumps can be improved.
- the swing angles of the upper arms 41L, 41R and the lower arms 42L, 42R may be 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less.
- the minimum turning radius of the vehicle 1 can be reduced due to the large turning angles of the steered wheels 4L and 4R, and the vehicle can turn in a small radius.
- the maximum cutting angle of the inner ring may be 50 degrees or more and 80 degrees or less, and the maximum cutting angle of the outer ring may be 35 degrees or more and 80 degrees or less.
- the minimum turning radius of the vehicle 1 can be reduced due to the large turning angles of the steered wheels 4L and 4R, and the vehicle can turn in a small radius.
- the outer diameter Dw of the steered wheels 4L and 4R may be 0.26 times or more the overall length Lo of the vehicle 1.
- the outer diameter Dw of the steered wheels 4L and 4R is 0.26 times or more as large as the total length Lo of the vehicle 1, it is possible to improve the running performance on unpaved roads and bumps, as well as the ride comfort. .
- the outer diameter Dw of the steered wheels 4L and 4R may be 0.26 to 0.4 times the overall length Lo of the vehicle 1.
- the outer diameter Dw of the steered wheels 4L, 4R may be 0.43 times or more the wheelbase of the vehicle 1.
- the outer diameter Dw of the steered wheels 4L and 4R is 0.43 times or more as large as the wheelbase of the vehicle 1, it is possible to improve the running performance on unpaved roads and bumps, and to improve the ride comfort. .
- the outer diameter Dw of the steered wheels 4L and 4R may be 0.43 times or more and 0.67 times or less the wheelbase of the vehicle 1.
- a handle-type electric wheelchair with a large wheel stroke WS and large turning angles of the steering wheels 4L and 4R can be realized.
- the present invention is particularly useful in the field of vehicles.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (22)
- 操舵輪を含む少なくとも三輪の車輪と、
前記車輪のうちの少なくとも二輪を駆動する少なくとも一つの駆動源と、
前記操舵輪を支持するアッパーアームおよびロアアームを有するサスペンションと、
を備えた車両であって、
前記車両が水平な路面で静止している状態において、
前記ロアアームの垂れ角は前記アッパーアームの垂れ角よりも大きく、
前記ロアアームの垂れ角と前記アッパーアームの垂れ角との差は5度以上である、車両。 - 前記ロアアームの垂れ角と前記アッパーアームの垂れ角との差は、5度以上9度以下である、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記サスペンションのホイールストロークに対する前記操舵輪のキャンバー角の変化量は、5度以上である、請求項1または2に記載の車両。
- 前記サスペンションのホイールストロークに対する前記操舵輪のキャンバー角の変化量は、5度以上10度以下である、請求項3に記載の車両。
- 前記サスペンションがバウンドストロークした場合、前記操舵輪のキャンバー角はネガティブキャンバーとなり、
前記サスペンションがリバウンドストロークした場合、前記操舵輪のキャンバー角はポジティブキャンバーとなる、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の車両。 - 前記車両が水平な路面で静止している状態において、
前記アッパーアームの垂れ角は、15度以上であり、
前記ロアアームの垂れ角は、20度以上である、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の車両。 - 前記車両が水平な路面で静止している状態において、
前記アッパーアームの垂れ角は、15度以上20度以下であり、
前記ロアアームの垂れ角は、20度以上25度以下である、請求項6に記載の車両。 - 前記アッパーアームおよび前記ロアアームそれぞれの揺動角は、30度以上である、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記アッパーアームおよび前記ロアアームそれぞれの揺動角は、30度以上60度以下である、請求項8に記載の車両。
- 前記サスペンションのホイールストロークは、60mm以上である、請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記サスペンションのホイールストロークは、60mm以上150mm以下である、請求項10に記載の車両。
- 前記サスペンションのホイールストロークは、前記アッパーアームおよび前記ロアアームそれぞれの長手方向の長さの0.5倍以上である、請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記サスペンションのホイールストロークは、前記アッパーアームおよび前記ロアアームそれぞれの長手方向の長さの0.5倍以上0.80倍以下である、請求項12に記載の車両。
- 前記操舵輪は内輪および外輪を含み、
前記内輪の切角の最大値は、50度以上であり、
前記外輪の切角の最大値は、35度以上である、請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の車両。 - 前記内輪の切角の最大値は、50度以上80度以下であり、
前記外輪の切角の最大値は、35度以上80度以下である、請求項14に記載の車両。 - 前記車両の最小回転半径は、前記操舵輪のトレッド幅の2.5倍以下である、請求項1から15のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記車両の最小回転半径は、1400mm以下である、請求項1から16のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記操舵輪の外径は、前記車両の全長の0.26倍以上である、請求項1から17のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記操舵輪の外径は、前記車両の全長の0.26倍以上0.4倍以下である、請求項18に記載の車両。
- 前記操舵輪の外径は、前記車両のホイールベースの0.43倍以上である、請求項1から19のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記操舵輪の外径は、前記車両のホイールベースの0.43倍以上0.67倍以下である、請求項1から20のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記車両はハンドル形電動車椅子であり、
乗員が操舵を行うハンドルと、
前記乗員が座るシートと、
をさらに備える、請求項1から21のいずれかに記載の車両。
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PCT/JP2021/014361 WO2022208875A1 (ja) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | 車両 |
JP2023510141A JP7571283B2 (ja) | 2021-04-02 | 車両 | |
EP21935036.0A EP4316966A4 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | VEHICLE |
US18/374,701 US20240024176A1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2023-09-29 | Vehicle |
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US12054212B2 (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2024-08-06 | Hj Moto Co., Ltd. | Front chassis system of tilting vehicle |
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2021
- 2021-04-02 WO PCT/JP2021/014361 patent/WO2022208875A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-04-02 EP EP21935036.0A patent/EP4316966A4/en active Pending
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2023
- 2023-09-29 US US18/374,701 patent/US20240024176A1/en active Pending
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JPH05229325A (ja) * | 1992-02-18 | 1993-09-07 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | 車両のサスペンション装置 |
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US20240024176A1 (en) | 2024-01-25 |
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JPWO2022208875A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
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