WO2022206706A1 - 含螺环类衍生物、其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

含螺环类衍生物、其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2022206706A1
WO2022206706A1 PCT/CN2022/083485 CN2022083485W WO2022206706A1 WO 2022206706 A1 WO2022206706 A1 WO 2022206706A1 CN 2022083485 W CN2022083485 W CN 2022083485W WO 2022206706 A1 WO2022206706 A1 WO 2022206706A1
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alkyl
hydrogen
linked
general formula
heterocyclic group
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PCT/CN2022/083485
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦俊
吴永奇
冯加权
黄伟
邹元海
周炳城
胡志京
姜新剑
万泽红
Original Assignee
上海枢境生物科技有限公司
江苏恩华药业股份有限公司
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Application filed by 上海枢境生物科技有限公司, 江苏恩华药业股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海枢境生物科技有限公司
Priority to CN202280005705.5A priority Critical patent/CN116057060B/zh
Priority to CN202310961360.7A priority patent/CN116987095A/zh
Priority to US18/283,271 priority patent/US20240190888A1/en
Priority to AU2022251503A priority patent/AU2022251503A1/en
Priority to JP2023560264A priority patent/JP2024511828A/ja
Priority to CA3211941A priority patent/CA3211941A1/en
Priority to KR1020237036901A priority patent/KR20230162058A/ko
Priority to IL305489A priority patent/IL305489A/en
Priority to EP22778888.2A priority patent/EP4317164A1/en
Publication of WO2022206706A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022206706A1/zh

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Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicinal chemistry, and particularly relates to a spiro ring-containing derivative, a preparation method and application thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a spiro-containing derivative, a preparation method thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the spiro-containing derivative, and the preparation of the spiro-containing derivative or its pharmaceutical composition for prevention and/or preparation. Or use in medicines for treating mammalian neuropsychiatric diseases.
  • Schizophrenia is a psychopathological disorder of unknown origin that usually first appears in early adulthood and is characterized by psychotic symptoms, stage progression and development, and/or deterioration in social behavior and professional abilities.
  • the symptoms of schizophrenia are usually reflected in three categories: positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms. Positive symptoms are those that represent an "excess" of normal experiences, such as hallucinations and delusions. Negative symptoms are those in which the patient lacks normal experiences, such as anhedonia and lack of social interaction.
  • Cognitive symptoms are associated with cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, such as lack of sustained attention and poor decision-making. Current antipsychotics successfully treat positive symptoms but are far from ideal for negative and cognitive symptoms.
  • Biogenic amines can play important roles as neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
  • the synthesis and storage of biogenic amines and their degradation and reabsorption after release are tightly controlled. Imbalances in biogenic amine levels are known to be a major cause of altered brain function in many pathological conditions.
  • Serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, histamine have been extensively studied as classical biogenic amines. Among them, the serotonin system plays an important role in regulating the functions of the PFC in the prefrontal cortex, including emotional control, cognitive behavior, and working memory.
  • Pyramidal neurons and GABA interneurons of the PFC contain several serotonin receptor subtypes 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A with particularly high densities.
  • PFC and NMDA receptor channels have recently been shown to be targets of 5-HT1AR, and these two receptors modulate excitatory neurons in the cerebral cortex, thereby affecting cognitive function.
  • 5-HT1AR may be a new target for antipsychotic drug development.
  • the high affinity of atypical antipsychotics such as olanzapine, aripiprazole, etc.
  • 5-HT1AR and their low EPS side effects suggest that the serotonin system plays an important role in regulating the functions of the PFC, including emotion control, cognitive behavior and working memory.
  • Pyramidal neurons and GABA interneurons of the PFC contain several serotonin receptor subtypes 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A with particularly high densities. Recent studies have shown that 5-HT1A agonists are associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment, improving negative symptoms and cognitive impairment.
  • the trace amine-related receptor TAAR as a new member of the GPCR family of G protein-coupled receptors, shares a similar structure with the in-depth GPCR pharmacophore and is consistent with pharmacological data, and the phylogenetic relationship of this receptor gene suggests that these receptors formed a Three distinct subfamilies, of which TAAR1 is the first of four genes (TAAR1-4) that are highly conserved between humans and rodents. TA activates TAAR1 and functions through G ⁇ s.
  • TAAR1 is the first of four genes (TAAR1-4) that are highly conserved between humans and rodents.
  • TA activates TAAR1 and functions through G ⁇ s.
  • TAAR1 is the first of four genes (TAAR1-4) that are highly conserved between humans and rodents.
  • TA activates TAAR1 and functions through G ⁇ s.
  • TAAR1 is the first of four genes (TAAR1-4) that are highly conserved between humans and rodents.
  • TA activates
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a spiro-ring-containing derivative, a preparation method and application thereof; the spiro-ring-containing derivative can act as a new type of serotonin receptor and/or a trace amine-related receptor.
  • the drugs for neuropsychiatric diseases in the body and/or dopamine receptors in particular, have a good agonistic effect on 5-HT1A receptors and/or TAAR1 receptors, and can effectively prevent and/or treat neuropsychiatric diseases in mammals.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spiro ring-containing derivative for preventing and/or treating mammalian neuropsychiatric diseases, its preparation method, its pharmaceutical composition and its application in the medical field.
  • the present invention provides a compound represented by general formula (I), a stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • M 1 and M 2 are each independently selected from -(CR A R B ) n -, O or S;
  • M 3 is selected from CR a , N or S;
  • M 4 is selected from CR b , N or S;
  • M 5 is selected from CR c , N or S;
  • R A , R B , R a , R b and R c are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl, C 1 -6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or C 1-6 alkylamino, preferably hydrogen, halogen or C 1-6 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or C 1-3 alkyl, Further preferred are hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or methyl;
  • R 1 and R 2 are linked to the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group or a 3-8 membered heterocyclic group, preferably a C 3-6 cycloalkyl group or a 3-6 membered heterocyclic group, more preferably a C 3- 4 -cycloalkyl or 3-4 membered heterocyclic group, more preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl or oxetanyl;
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl , preferably hydrogen, C 1- 6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl, more preferably hydrogen, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 deuterated alkyl or C 1-3 haloalkyl, further preferably hydrogen , methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, -CD 3 or -CH 2 CF 3 ;
  • R 3 and R 4 are linked to the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a 3-8 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, preferably a 4-6 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and more preferably an azetidine group;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl , preferably hydrogen or C 1- 6 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen or C 1-3 alkyl, further preferably hydrogen or methyl;
  • R 5 and R 6 are linked to the carbon atom to which they are attached to form a C 3-8 cycloalkyl or 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, preferably a C 3-5 cycloalkyl or 3-5 membered heterocyclyl, more preferably a ring propyl;
  • R 5 or R 6 is linked with R 3 or R 4 to form a 3-8 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, preferably a 4-6 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, more preferably a tetrahydropyrrolyl group;
  • R 7 is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl, preferably hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen or C 1-3 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen or methyl;
  • R 7 is linked with R 3 or R 4 to form a 4- to 8-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, preferably a 5- to 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and more preferably a tetrahydropyrrolyl group;
  • R 7 is linked with R 5 or R 6 to form C 3-8 cycloalkyl or 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, preferably C 4-6 cycloalkyl or 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, more preferably cyclobutyl ;
  • R 1 and R 2 are linked with the carbon atom to which they are linked to form a cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl group
  • R 3 and R 4 are linked to the nitrogen atom they are linked to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl
  • R 5 and R 6 are linked to it Cycloalkyl or heterocyclic group formed by the linking of carbon atoms
  • nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group formed by linking R 5 or R 6 with R 3 or R 4 nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group formed by linking R 7 with R 3 or R 4 , or R 7 and R 5 or R 6 linked to form a cycloalkyl or heterocyclic group
  • R aa and R bb are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amino, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl, preferably hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro , amino, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 deuterated alkyl or C 1-3 haloalkyl;
  • n is an integer from 0 to 2;
  • n1 is an integer of 0-2.
  • M 1 and M 2 are each independently selected from -(CR A R B ) n -, O or S;
  • M 3 is selected from CR a , N or S;
  • M 4 is selected from CR b ;
  • M 5 is selected from CR c , N or S;
  • R A , R B , R a , R b and R c are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl, C 1 -6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or C 1-6 alkylamino, preferably hydrogen, halogen or C 1-6 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or C 1-3 alkyl, Further preferred are hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or methyl;
  • R 1 and R 2 are linked to the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form a C 3-8 cycloalkyl group or a 3-8 membered heterocyclic group, preferably a C 3-6 cycloalkyl group or a 3-6 membered heterocyclic group, more preferably a C 3- 4 -cycloalkyl or 3-4 membered heterocyclic group, more preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl or oxetanyl;
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl , preferably hydrogen, C 1- 6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl, more preferably hydrogen, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 deuterated alkyl or C 1-3 haloalkyl, further preferably hydrogen , methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, -CD 3 or -CH 2 CF 3 ;
  • R 3 and R 4 are linked to the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a 3-8 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, preferably a 4-6 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and more preferably an azetidine group;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl , preferably hydrogen or C 1- 6 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen or C 1-3 alkyl, further preferably hydrogen or methyl;
  • R 5 and R 6 are linked to the carbon atom to which they are attached to form a C 3-8 cycloalkyl or 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, preferably a C 3-5 cycloalkyl or 3-5 membered heterocyclyl, more preferably a ring propyl;
  • R 5 or R 6 is linked with R 3 or R 4 to form a 3-8 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, preferably a 4-6 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, more preferably a tetrahydropyrrolyl group;
  • R 7 is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl, preferably hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen or C 1-3 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen;
  • R 7 is linked with R 3 or R 4 to form a 4- to 8-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, preferably a 5- to 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and more preferably a tetrahydropyrrolyl group;
  • R 7 is linked with R 5 or R 6 to form C 3-8 cycloalkyl or 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, preferably C 4-6 cycloalkyl or 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, more preferably cyclobutyl ;
  • R 1 and R 2 are linked with the carbon atom to which they are linked to form a cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl group
  • R 3 and R 4 are linked to the nitrogen atom they are linked to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl
  • R 5 and R 6 are linked to it Cycloalkyl or heterocyclic group formed by the linking of carbon atoms
  • nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group formed by linking R 5 or R 6 with R 3 or R 4 nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group formed by linking R 7 with R 3 or R 4 , or R 7 and R 5 or R 6 linked to form a cycloalkyl or heterocyclic group
  • R aa and R bb are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amino, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl, preferably hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro , amino, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 deuterated alkyl or C 1-3 haloalkyl;
  • n is an integer from 0 to 2;
  • n1 is an integer of 0-2.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (I) may be:
  • M 3 is selected from CR a or N; M 4 is selected from S; M 5 is selected from CR c or N.
  • M 3 is selected from CR a or N; M 4 is selected from CR b or N; M 5 is selected from S.
  • R a , R b and R c are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or C 1-6 alkylamino, preferably hydrogen, halogen or C 1-6 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or C 1-3 alkyl, further preferably hydrogen, fluorine, Chlorine, bromine or methyl.
  • R a , R b and R c are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy or C 1-6 alkylamino, preferably hydrogen, halogen or C 1-6 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or C 1-3 alkyl, further preferably hydrogen, fluorine, Chlorine or methyl.
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl, preferably hydrogen, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 deuterium substituted alkyl or C 1-3 haloalkyl, more preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, -CD 3 or -CH 2 CF 3 ;
  • R 3 and R 4 are linked to the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a 4-6 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, preferably an azetidine group;
  • R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl, preferably hydrogen or C 1-3 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen or methyl;
  • R 5 and R 6 are linked to the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form C 3-5 cycloalkyl or 3-5 membered heterocyclyl, preferably cyclopropyl;
  • R 5 or R 6 is linked with R 3 or R 4 to form a 4-6 membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, preferably a tetrahydropyrrolyl group;
  • R 7 is selected from hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl, preferably hydrogen or C 1-3 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen or methyl;
  • R 7 is linked with R 3 or R 4 to form a 5- to 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, preferably a tetrahydropyrrolyl group;
  • R 7 is linked with R 5 or R 6 to form C 4-6 cycloalkyl or 4-6 membered heterocyclic group, preferably cyclobutyl;
  • R b and R c are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen or C 1-6 alkyl, preferably hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or C 1-3 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or methyl; and
  • m 0 or 1.
  • general formula (I) can be:
  • R b , R c , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are as described above.
  • general formula (I) can be:
  • R a , R b , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are as described above;
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 deuterated alkyl or C 1-6 haloalkyl, preferably hydrogen, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 Deuterated alkyl or C 1-3 haloalkyl, more preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, -CD 3 or -CH 2 CF 3 ;
  • R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently selected from hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl, preferably hydrogen or C 1-3 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen;
  • R a and R b are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen or C 1-6 alkyl, preferably hydrogen or C 1-3 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen.
  • general formula (I) can be:
  • R 3 and R 4 in general formula (I) are not simultaneously hydrogen.
  • R 3 in the general formula (I) is hydrogen; and R 4 is selected from C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-3 deuterated alkyl or C 1-3 haloalkyl,
  • R 3 in general formula (I) is hydrogen; and R 4 is selected from methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, -CD 3 or -CH 2 CF 3 .
  • R 3 in general formula (I) is hydrogen; and R 4 is methyl or -CD 3 .
  • the compound represented by the general formula (I), its stereoisomer or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt is selected from the following compounds:
  • the present invention further provides a method for preparing the compound represented by the general formula (II-A), its stereoisomer or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, comprising:
  • the compound represented by the general formula (II-A), its stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is prepared by reacting the compound of the general formula (II-A1) with the compound of the general formula (II-2);
  • R b , R c , m, R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are as described above.
  • the present invention further provides a method for preparing the compound represented by the general formula (II), its stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising:
  • the compound of the general formula (II-1) is reacted with the compound of the general formula (II-2) to prepare the compound represented by the general formula (II), its stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
  • R b , R c , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are as described above.
  • the present invention further provides a method for preparing the compound represented by the general formula (III), its stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising:
  • the compound of the general formula (III-1) is reacted with the compound of the general formula (II-2) to prepare the compound represented by the general formula (III), its stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
  • R a , R b , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are as described above.
  • the present invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective dose of any of the indicated compounds, a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers (or excipient).
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be formulated in a conventional manner using one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • the active compounds of the present invention may be formulated for oral, buccal, intranasal, parenteral (eg intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous) or rectal administration, or suitable for administration by inhalation or insufflation
  • the dosage form of the medicine may also be formulated in sustained release dosage forms.
  • the active compound of the present invention can be formulated into tablets or capsules, for example, by conventional means with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, such as binders, filling agent, lubricant, disintegrant or wetting agent. Tablets can be coated by methods well known in the art.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binders, filling agent, lubricant, disintegrant or wetting agent. Tablets can be coated by methods well known in the art.
  • Liquid preparations for oral administration such as solutions, syrups or suspensions, or volatilized as dry products, can be reconstituted with water or other suitable carriers before use. Such liquid preparations can be prepared by conventional means using pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as suspending agents, emulsifying agents, non-aqueous carriers and preservatives.
  • the active compounds of the present invention when the active compounds of the present invention are for parenteral administration, the compounds provided herein can be combined with sterile aqueous or organic vehicles to form injectable solutions or suspensions.
  • the active compounds of the invention may be formulated in rectal compositions such as suppositories or retention enemas, eg containing conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycerides.
  • the present invention further relates to the use of any of the indicated compounds, stereoisomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or pharmaceutical compositions thereof, in the preparation of medicaments for the prevention and/or treatment of mammals Medicines for neuropsychiatric diseases; the neuropsychiatric diseases are preferably central nervous system diseases related to serotonin receptors and/or trace amine-related receptors and/or dopamine receptors.
  • the present invention further relates to any of the indicated compounds, stereoisomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or pharmaceutical compositions thereof in the preparation of prophylactic and/or therapeutic interactions with mammalian serotonin receptors and/or trace amounts A method of medicating an amine-related receptor and/or dopamine receptor-related central nervous system disease.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of preventing and/or treating a central nervous system disease associated with serotonin receptors and/or trace amine-related receptors and/or dopamine receptors in mammals, comprising administering to said mammals A therapeutically effective dose of any of the indicated compounds, stereoisomers thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, prodrugs, solvates, hydrates or derivatives thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof is administered.
  • the serotonin receptor involved in the present invention is preferably a 5-HT 1A receptor.
  • the trace amine-related receptor involved in the present invention is preferably the TAAR1 receptor.
  • the neuropsychiatric disorders contemplated by the present invention are schizophrenia, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, acute schizophrenia, chronic schizophrenia, NOS schizophrenia, schizophrenia-like personality disorder, schizotypal personality Disorder, delusional disorder, psychosis, psychotic disorder, transient psychotic disorder, sharing disorder, psychotic disorder due to medical illness, drug-induced psychosis, psycho-emotional disorder, aggressiveness, delirium, Parkinsonian psychosis, provocative psychosis , Tourette's syndrome, Organ or NOS psychosis, epilepsy, agitation, post-traumatic stress disorder, behavioral confusion, neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, movement disorders, Huntington's disease, dementia , Affective Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, Affective Psychosis, Depression, Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymia, Bipolar Disorder, Mania, Seasonal Affective Disorder, Attention Deficit Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Neuropathic disorders, vertigo
  • hydrocarbon chain refers to a chain-like group consisting of C and H.
  • the hydrocarbon chain may be saturated or unsaturated, and in preferred embodiments, the hydrocarbon chain is saturated.
  • the hydrocarbon chain may be straight or branched, and in preferred embodiments, the hydrocarbon chain is straight.
  • the hydrocarbon chain may optionally contain one or more heteroatoms such as N, O and S. Where heteroatoms are included, the heteroatoms may be located on the backbone.
  • the hydrocarbon chain may be straight or branched, and the hydrocarbon chain is saturated, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms such as N, O, and S in the backbone .
  • C2 - C8 or C2 - C6 refers to a hydrocarbon chain comprising a hydrocarbon chain of 2-8 or 2-6 carbon atoms, which may optionally contain additional heteroatoms.
  • alkyl refers to a straight or branched chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms attached to the rest of the molecule by a single bond.
  • Alkyl may have 1-8 carbon atoms, i.e. "C 1 -C 8 alkyl", such as C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-3 alkyl, C 1-2 alkyl, C 3 alkyl , C 4 alkyl, C 1-6 alkyl, C 3-6 alkyl.
  • Non-limiting examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, 2- Methylbutyl, 1-methylbutyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, neopentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 4-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-di Methylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl or 1,2-dimethylbutyl, etc., or their isoforms Construct.
  • Alkyl groups may be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, substituents may be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups, independently selected from Alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, mercapto, hydroxy, nitro, amino, cyano, carboxyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl base.
  • subunit refers to a group resulting from the removal of one more hydrogen atom from a carbon atom containing a free valence electron and having two sites of attachment to the rest of the molecule.
  • alkylene or “alkylidene” refers to a saturated linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical.
  • alkylene refers to a straight or branched chain saturated divalent hydrocarbon group.
  • C 1-8 alkylene refers to an alkylene group having 1-8 carbon atoms, such as methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, 1- Methylethylene, 2-methylethylene, methylpropylene or ethylpropylene, etc.
  • Alkylene may be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, substituents may be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups, independently selected: from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, mercapto, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano, carboxyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or hetero Aryl.
  • cycloalkyl refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic or polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon substituent containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms, i.e. "C3 - C20 cycloalkyl", such as C3- 18 cycloalkyl, C 3-16 cycloalkyl, C 3-12 cycloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, C 3-5 cycloalkyl, C 3-4 cycloalkyl Alkyl, C 4-8 cycloalkyl, C 4-6 cycloalkyl, C 5-6 cycloalkyl, preferably C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, C 3-5 cycloalkane base, C 3-4 cycloalkyl.
  • C3 - C20 cycloalkyl such as C3- 18 cycloalkyl, C 3-16 cycloalkyl, C 3-12 cycloalky
  • Non-limiting examples of monocyclic cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptyl, cycloheptatriene
  • Polycyclic cycloalkyl groups include spiro, fused and bridged cycloalkyl groups.
  • spirocycloalkyl refers to a 5- to 20-membered monocyclic polycyclic group sharing one carbon atom (called a spiro atom), which may contain one or more double bonds, but none of the rings are fully conjugated ⁇ electron system.
  • a spiro atom which may contain one or more double bonds, but none of the rings are fully conjugated ⁇ electron system.
  • it is 6 to 14 yuan, more preferably 7 to 10 yuan.
  • spirocycloalkyl groups are classified as mono-spirocycloalkyl, double-spirocycloalkyl or poly-spirocycloalkyl, preferably mono-spirocycloalkyl or double-spirocycloalkyl , more preferably 3 yuan/7 yuan, 3 yuan/6 yuan, 3 yuan/5 yuan, 4 yuan/4 yuan, 4 yuan/5 yuan, 4 yuan/6 yuan, 5 yuan/5 yuan or 5 yuan/6 yuan Single-membered spirocycloalkyl. Also included are spiroheterocycloalkyl groups in which the monospirocycloalkyl group shares a spiro atom with the heterocycloalkyl group.
  • fused cycloalkyl refers to an all-carbon polycyclic group of 5 to 20 members in which each ring in the system shares an adjacent pair of carbon atoms with other rings in the system, wherein one or more of the rings may contain one or more rings. Multiple double bonds, but none of the rings have a fully conjugated pi electron system. Preferably it is 6 to 14 yuan, more preferably 7 to 10 yuan.
  • bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic or polycyclic fused cycloalkyl preferably bicyclic or tricyclic fused cycloalkyl, more preferably 5-membered/5-membered or 5-membered/6-membered bicycloalkyl .
  • bridged cycloalkyl refers to an all-carbon polycyclic group of 5 to 20 members, any two rings sharing two non-directly connected carbon atoms, and containing one or more double bonds, but none of the rings has a complete common The yoke's pi electron system. Preferably it is 6 to 14 yuan, more preferably 7 to 10 yuan. According to the number of constituent rings, it is divided into bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic or polycyclic bridged cycloalkyl, preferably bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic bridged cycloalkyl, more preferably bicyclic or tricyclic bridged cycloalkyl.
  • cycloalkyl groups can all be fused to an aryl group, a heteroaryl group or a heterocycloalkyl ring, wherein the ring connected with the parent structure is a cycloalkyl group.
  • Cycloalkyl may be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituents may be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups, independently selected: from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, mercapto, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano, carboxyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or hetero Aryl.
  • heterocyclyl refers to a saturated or unsaturated monocyclic or polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon substituent containing from 3 to 20 ring atoms, one or more of which is selected from nitrogen, oxygen or S(O) m (wherein m is an integer from 0 to 2) heteroatoms, excluding ring moieties of -OO-, -OS- or -SS-, and the remaining ring atoms are carbon.
  • 3-20-membered heterocyclyl such as 3-18-membered heterocyclyl, 3-16-membered heterocyclyl, 3-12-membered heterocyclyl, 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, 3-6 membered heterocyclyl base, 3-5 membered heterocyclyl, 3-4 membered heterocyclyl, 4-8 membered heterocyclyl, 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, 5-6 membered heterocyclyl, preferably 3-8 membered heterocyclyl , 3-6 membered heterocyclyl, 3-5 membered heterocyclyl, 3-4 membered heterocyclyl, 4-8 membered heterocyclyl, 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, 5-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein Optionally contain 1-4 heterocycles, 1-3 heterocycles or 1-2 heterocycles, wherein the heteroatoms are optionally N, O or S atoms.
  • Non-limiting examples of monocyclic heterocyclyl groups include oxetanyl, thietanyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydroimidazolyl, Dihydrofuranyl, dihydropyrazolyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, 1,3-dioxocyclopentyl, 2,2-difluoro-1,3-dioxocyclopentyl or Azeptyl et al.
  • Non-limiting examples of polycyclic heterocyclyls include spiro, fused and bridged heterocyclyls, wherein the spiro, fused and bridged heterocyclyls are optionally linked to other groups through a single bond. Attached, or further cocyclically attached to other cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl groups through any two or more atoms on the ring.
  • spiroheterocyclyl refers to a 5- to 20-membered monocyclic polycyclic heterocyclic group sharing one atom (called a spiro atom), wherein one or more ring atoms are selected from nitrogen, oxygen or S(O ) m (wherein m is an integer from 0 to 2), and the remaining ring atoms are carbon. It may contain one or more double bonds, but none of the rings have a fully conjugated pi electron system. Preferably it is 6 to 14 yuan, more preferably 7 to 10 yuan.
  • the spiroheterocyclyl groups are classified as mono-spiroheterocyclyl, bis-spiro-heterocyclyl or poly-spiro-heterocyclyl, preferably mono-spiroheterocyclyl or bis-spiro-heterocyclyl , more preferably 3-membered/6-membered, 3-membered/5-membered, 4-membered/4-membered, 4-membered/5-membered, 4-membered/6-membered, 5-membered/5-membered or 5-membered/6-membered single spiro heterocyclyl .
  • fused heterocyclic group refers to a 5- to 20-membered polycyclic heterocyclic group in which each ring in the system shares an adjacent pair of atoms with other rings in the system, wherein one or more ring atoms are selected from nitrogen , oxygen or S(O) m (where m is an integer from 0 to 2), the remaining ring atoms are carbon, and one or more of the rings may contain one or more double bonds, but none of the rings has a complete common
  • the yoke's pi electron system Preferably it is 6 to 14 yuan, more preferably 7 to 10 yuan.
  • bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic or polycyclic fused heterocyclic groups preferably bicyclic or tricyclic fused heterocyclic groups, more preferably 5-membered/5-membered or 5-membered/6-membered bicyclic fused heterocyclic groups ring base.
  • bridged heterocyclyl refers to a 5- to 20-membered polyheterocyclic group in which any two rings share two atoms that are not directly connected, wherein one or more ring atoms are selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or S(O) m (where m is an integer from 0 to 2) heteroatoms, the remaining ring atoms are carbons, which contain one or more double bonds, but none of the rings have a fully conjugated pi electron system.
  • it is 6 to 14 yuan, more preferably 7 to 10 yuan.
  • the number of constituent rings it is divided into bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic or polycyclic bridged heterocyclic groups, preferably bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic bridged heterocyclic groups, more preferably bicyclic or tricyclic bridged heterocyclic groups.
  • heterocyclic groups can all be condensed on an aryl, heteroaryl or cycloalkyl ring, wherein the ring connected with the parent structure is a heterocyclic group.
  • Heterocyclyl groups can be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituents can be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups, which are independently selected: from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, mercapto, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano, carboxyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or hetero Aryl.
  • aryl refers to a 6 to 14 membered all carbon monocyclic or fused polycyclic group having a conjugated pi electron system, preferably 6 to 12 membered, such as phenyl or naphthyl, more preferably phenyl.
  • the aryl group can be condensed on a heteroaryl group, a heterocyclic group or a cycloalkyl ring, wherein the ring connected with the parent structure is an aryl ring, including benzo 5-10-membered heteroaryl, benzo 3-8 membered cycloalkyl and benzo 3-8 membered heterocyclyl, preferably benzo 5-6 membered heteroaryl, benzo 3-6 membered cycloalkyl and benzo 3-6 membered heterocyclyl.
  • Aryl groups may be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituents may be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups, independently selected from the group consisting of: Alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, mercapto, hydroxy, nitro, amino, cyano, carboxyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl base.
  • heteroaryl refers to a heteroaromatic system comprising 1 to 4 heteroatoms, 5 to 14 ring atoms, wherein the heteroatoms are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and the like.
  • Heteroaryl is preferably 5 to 12 membered, more preferably 5 to 6 membered, such as pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, furyl, pyranyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, oxazolyl Diazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl and the like.
  • the heteroaryl group can be fused to an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group or a heterocyclyl ring, wherein the ring connected with the parent structure is a heteroaryl ring.
  • Heteroaryl groups may be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, substituents may be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups, independently selected: from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, mercapto, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano, carboxyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or hetero Aryl.
  • alkoxy refers to -O-(alkyl) or -O-(unsubstituted cycloalkyl), wherein alkyl, cycloalkyl are as defined above.
  • alkoxy groups include: methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, cyclopropoxy, cyclobutoxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, and the like.
  • Alkoxy can be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituents can be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups, which are independently selected: from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, mercapto, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano, carboxyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or hetero Aryl.
  • alkylthio refers to -S-(alkyl) or -S-(unsubstituted cycloalkyl), wherein alkyl, cycloalkyl are as defined above.
  • alkylthio include: methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, butylthio, cyclopropylthio, cyclobutylthio, cyclopentylthio, cyclohexylthio, and the like.
  • Alkylthio groups can be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituents can be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups, which are independently selected: from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, mercapto, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano, carboxyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or hetero Aryl.
  • alkylamino refers to -NH-(alkyl or unsubstituted cycloalkyl), or -N-(alkane or unsubstituted cycloalkyl)(alkyl or unsubstituted cycloalkyl), wherein alkane
  • alkane The definitions of the group and the cycloalkyl group are as described above.
  • Non-limiting examples of alkylamino groups include: methylamino, ethylamino, propylamino, butylamino, cyclopropylamino, cyclobutylamino, cyclopentylamino, cyclohexylamino, and the like.
  • Alkylamino groups may be optionally substituted or unsubstituted, and when substituted, the substituents may be substituted at any available point of attachment, preferably one or more of the following groups, independently selected: from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, mercapto, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano, carboxyl, oxo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or hetero Aryl.
  • halo or "halogen” or “halo” are to be understood to mean fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) or iodine (I) atoms, preferably fluorine, chlorine, bromine atoms.
  • deuterated hydrocarbon chain refers to a hydrocarbon chain substituted with one or more deuteriums, wherein the hydrocarbon chain is as defined above.
  • deuterated alkyl refers to an alkyl group substituted with one or more deuteriums, wherein alkyl is as defined above.
  • halogenated hydrocarbon chain refers to a hydrocarbon chain substituted with one or more halogens, wherein the hydrocarbon chain is as defined above.
  • haloalkyl refers to an alkyl group substituted with one or more halogens, wherein alkyl is as defined above.
  • haloalkoxy refers to an alkoxy group substituted with one or more halogens, wherein alkoxy is as defined above.
  • alkenyl refers to an alkenyl group, also known as an alkenyl group, wherein the alkene may be further substituted with other related groups.
  • alkynyl refers to (CH3C-) wherein the alkynyl group may be further substituted with other related groups.
  • Amino refers to -NH2 .
  • Cyano refers to -CN.
  • Niro refers to -NO2 .
  • Carbonyl refers to -C(O)-.
  • Carboxyl refers to -C(O)OH.
  • one (species) or more (species) may mean, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 (species) or more (species).
  • mn refers to the range of m to n as well as sub-ranges and individual point values consisting of individual point values therein.
  • C2 - C8" or “ C2-8 " covers a range of 2-8 carbon atoms, and should be understood to also cover any sub-range therein and every point value, eg, C2 - C5 , C 3 -C 4 , C 2 -C 6 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , C 4 -C 7 , C 4 -C 8 , C 2 -C 5 , etc., as well as C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6 , C 7 , C 8 , etc.
  • C 3 -C 10 or “C 3-10” should also be understood in a similar manner, eg, any sub-range and point value subsumed therein may be encompassed, eg C 3 -C 9 , C 6 -C 9 , C6 - C8 , C6 - C7, C7 - C10 , C7- C9 , C7 - C8 , C8 - C9 , etc. and C3, C4 , C5 , C6 , C 7 , C 8 , C 9 , C 10 and so on.
  • C 1 -C 6 or "C 1-6” encompasses a range of 1-6 carbon atoms, and should be understood to also encompass any sub-range and each point value therein, such as C 2 -C 5 , C3 - C4 , C1 -C2, C1 - C3, C1 - C4 , C1 - C5 , C1 - C6 , etc., and C1 , C2 , C3, C 4 , C5 , C6 , etc.
  • the expression "three to ten” should be understood to encompass any sub-range and each point value therein, such as three to five, three to six, three to seven, three to eight , four yuan to five yuan, four yuan to six yuan, four yuan to seven yuan, four yuan to eight yuan, five yuan to seven yuan, five yuan to eight yuan, six yuan to seven yuan, six yuan to eight yuan, nine yuan Yuan to ten, etc., and three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, etc.
  • Other similar expressions herein should also be understood in a similar manner.
  • cycloalkyl optionally (optionally) substituted with an alkyl group means that an alkyl group may, but need not, be present, and the specification includes the case where the cycloalkyl group is substituted with the alkyl group and the case where the cycloalkyl group is not substituted with the alkyl group .
  • substituted and “substituted” mean that one or more (eg, one, two, three, or four) hydrogens on the designated atom have been replaced by a selection from the designated group, provided that no more than the designated The normal valences of the specified atoms in the present case and the substitutions form stable compounds. Combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such combinations form stable compounds. When a substituent is described as absent, it is understood that the substituent may be one or more hydrogen atoms, provided that the structure enables the compound to reach a stable state. When it is described that each carbon atom in a group can be optionally replaced by a heteroatom, the proviso is that the normal valences of all atoms in the group under the present circumstances are not exceeded, and that stable compounds are formed.
  • variable eg R
  • labeled variables eg R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , etc.
  • substituted means that one or more hydrogen atoms on a compound or group are replaced by other atoms or groups. The condition is that a stable valence state or compound is formed.
  • non-substituted can in turn be understood as “unsubstituted”. It should be understood that when a substituent is hydrogen, this may also mean that the corresponding group is “unsubstituted” or “unsubstituted”.
  • the compounds of the present invention may exist in specific geometric or stereoisomeric forms.
  • the present invention contemplates all such compounds, including cis and trans isomers, (-)- and (+)-enantiomers, (R)- and (S)-enantiomers, diastereomers isomers, (D)-isomers, (L)-isomers, and racemic mixtures thereof and other mixtures, such as enantiomerically or diastereomerically enriched mixtures, all of which belong to this within the scope of the invention.
  • Additional asymmetric carbon atoms may be present in substituents such as alkyl. All such isomers, as well as mixtures thereof, are included within the scope of the present invention.
  • preferred compounds are those isomeric compounds that exhibit superior biological activity.
  • Purified or partially purified isomers and stereoisomers, or racemic or diastereomeric mixtures of the compounds of the present invention are also included within the scope of the present invention. Purification and isolation of such materials can be accomplished by standard techniques known in the art.
  • the hydrogen atom of the present invention can be replaced by its isotope deuterium, and the deuterium isotope content is at least greater than the natural deuterium isotope content, and any hydrogen atom in the example compounds involved in the present invention can also be replaced by a deuterium atom.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable refers to a substance which, within the scope of normal medical judgment, is suitable for use in contact with a patient's tissue without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic reaction, etc., with a reasonable benefit to harm ratio, and can be effectively used for its intended purpose.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts refers to salts of the compounds of the present invention which are safe and effective when used in mammals and possess the desired biological activity.
  • pharmaceutical composition refers to a mixture containing one or more of the compounds described herein, or a physiologically/pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, with other chemical components, as well as other components such as physiologically/pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs.
  • Pharmaceutical carrier or excipient The purpose of the pharmaceutical composition is to facilitate the administration to the organism, facilitate the absorption of the active ingredient and then exert the biological activity.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carrier refers to those substances which are not appreciably irritating to the organism and which do not impair the biological activity and properties of the active compound.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” includes, but is not limited to, glidants, sweeteners, diluents, preservatives, dyes/colorants, flavoring agents, surfactants, wetting agents, dispersing agents, disintegrating agents, Stabilizers, Solvents or Emulsifiers.
  • administration refers to methods by which a compound or composition can be delivered to the desired site of biological action. These methods include, but are not limited to, oral or parenteral (including intracerebroventricular, intravenous, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, intravascular injection or infusion), topical, rectal administration, and the like. Especially by injection or by mouth.
  • treating includes alleviating, alleviating or ameliorating a disease or symptom, preventing other symptoms, ameliorating or preventing the underlying metabolic factors of the symptom, inhibiting the disease or symptom, eg, preventing the progression of the disease or symptom, alleviating the disease or symptom, promoting the Relief of a disease or symptom, or cessation of the symptoms of a disease or symptom, and by extension to include prevention.
  • Treatment also includes achieving a therapeutic benefit and/or a prophylactic benefit. Therapeutic benefit refers to eradication or amelioration of the condition being treated.
  • therapeutic benefit is achieved by eradicating or ameliorating one or more physiological signs associated with the underlying disease, although the patient may still have the underlying disease, but improvement in the patient's disease may be observed.
  • a prophylactic benefit refers to a patient's use of a composition to prevent a risk of a disease, or when a patient develops one or more physiological conditions of the disease, even though the disease has not been diagnosed.
  • active ingredient refers to a chemical entity that is effective in treating or preventing a target disorder, disease, or condition.
  • neuropsychiatric diseases refers to the general term of neurological diseases and mental diseases, including neurological diseases and/or mental diseases.
  • an effective amount refers to a sufficient amount of the drug or medicament to achieve the desired effect with acceptable side effects.
  • the determination of the effective amount varies from person to person, depends on the age and general condition of the individual, and also depends on the specific active substance, and the appropriate effective amount in individual cases can be determined by those skilled in the art based on routine experiments.
  • an “individual” as used herein includes a human or non-human animal.
  • exemplary human subjects include human subjects (referred to as patients) or normal subjects with a disease (eg, a disease described herein).
  • Non-human animals in the present invention include all vertebrates such as non-mammals (eg birds, amphibians, reptiles) and mammals such as non-human primates, livestock and/or domesticated animals (eg sheep, dogs) , cats, cows, pigs, etc.).
  • the compounds shown in the present invention have good agonistic effects on TAAR1 receptors and 5-HT 1A receptors, and/or have good in vivo pharmacodynamic effects, and have anti-neuropsychiatric disease activity, that is, have the ability to treat or prevent neuropsychiatric diseases effect.
  • the structures of the compounds of the present invention are determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or/and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
  • NMR chemical shifts [delta] are given in parts per million (ppm). NMR was measured by AVANCE III600 nuclear magnetic instrument, and the solvent was deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d 6 ), deuterated methanol (CD 3 OD) and deuterated chloroform (CDCl 3 ), and the internal standard was tetramethyl sulfoxide. Silane (TMS).
  • LC-MS Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
  • the thin layer chromatography silica gel plate uses Yantai Jiangyou silica gel plate, the specification used for TLC is 0.2mm ⁇ 0.03mm, and the specification used for TLC separation and purification products is 0.4mm-0.5mm.
  • reaction solution was poured into ice water (300mL), extracted with ethyl acetate (300mL ⁇ 3), the extract was washed with water (200mL ⁇ 3) and saturated brine (200mL ⁇ 3), anhydrous sodium sulfate After drying, it was filtered and concentrated, and the crude product was separated and purified by column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to obtain the target product (1.5 g, 56.6% yield).
  • Step b N-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)-2,2 , Synthesis of 2-trifluoroacetamide
  • the obtained mixed solution was extracted with ethyl acetate (20 mL x 3), and the crude product obtained after concentrating the extract phase was separated and purified by column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to obtain the target product (800.0 mg, 84.7% yield).
  • Step c 1-(5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)-N-methylmethanamine synthesis
  • Step d tert-Butyl((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)(methyl ) synthesis of carbamate
  • Step e tert-Butyl ((2'-fluoro-5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methan base) (methyl) carbamate synthesis
  • Step f 1-(2'-Fluoro-5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)-N- Synthesis of methyl methylamine
  • Step a tert-Butyl((2'-chloro-5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methan base) (methyl) carbamate synthesis
  • tert-butyl ((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methan N-chlorosuccinimide 137.0 mg, 1.02 mmol
  • a mixed solvent 2 mL: 8 mL
  • acetic acid and tetrahydrofuran 211.0 mg, 0.68 mmol
  • acetic acid and tetrahydrofuran 211.0 mg, 0.68 mmol
  • Step b 1-(2'-Chloro-5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)-N- Synthesis of methyl methylamine
  • Step f Synthesis of (1-(5-methylthiophen-3-yl)cyclopropyl)methanol
  • Step g 1-(2'-Methyl-5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)-N -Synthesis of methyl methylamine
  • the extract was washed with water (200 mL x 3) and saturated brine (200 mL x 3), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated, and the crude product was separated and purified by column chromatography to obtain the target product (1.0 g, 83.9% yield).
  • Step f Synthesis of (1-(4-methylthiophen-3-yl)cyclopropyl)methanol
  • Step g 1-(3'-Methyl-5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)-N -Synthesis of methyl methylamine
  • reaction solution was slowly poured into 300 mL of ammonium chloride aqueous solution, 300 mL of ethyl acetate was added for extraction, the layers were separated to obtain an organic phase, the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL), the combined organic phases were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtered.
  • optical antipode 1 (Example 8-R) and the optical antipode 2 (Example 8-S) were obtained by resolving Example 8 through a chiral chromatographic column.
  • Liquid chromatography method chromatographic column: DAICEL CHIRALPAK IG column; mobile phase A: supercritical CO 2 , mobile phase B: methanol (containing 0.1% dimethylamine); detection wavelength: 214 nm; flow rate: 1.5 mL/min; column temperature : 35°C; background column pressure: 1800 psi.
  • Mobile phase gradient Mobile phase gradient:
  • optical antipode 1 (Example 9-S) and the optical antipode 2 (Example 9-R) were obtained by resolving Example 9 through a chiral chromatographic column.
  • Liquid chromatography method chromatographic column: DAICEL CHIRALPAK IG column; mobile phase A: supercritical CO 2 , mobile phase B: methanol (containing 0.1% dimethylamine); detection wavelength: 214 nm; flow rate: 1.5 mL/min; column temperature : 35°C; background column pressure: 1800 psi.
  • Mobile phase gradient Mobile phase gradient:
  • Step b tert-Butyl((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)(methyl Synthesis of base-d3)carbamate
  • Step c N-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)methane-d3- Amine synthesis
  • Step b Synthesis of N-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)acetamide
  • Step c Synthesis of N-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)ethanamine
  • N-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methan To a solution of acetamide (250 mg, 1.05 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2.5 mL), lithium tetrahydroaluminum (2.5 M in THF, 0.84 mL, 2.1 mmol) was slowly added, and the reaction was carried out at 70 degrees Celsius for 2 hours.
  • Step a Synthesis of (5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methanamine
  • Step c tert-Butyl ((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)(isopropyl base) synthesis of carbamate
  • Step d N-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)propane-2- Amine synthesis
  • N-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methan was added to N-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methane
  • To a solution of borane)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (300.0 mg, 1.03 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) was added a solution of borane in tetrahydrofuran (1 M in THF, 3.09 mL, 3.09 mmol) at 70 degrees Celsius. under stirring for 2 hours.
  • Step b Synthesis of N-(1,1-dimethoxypropan-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoro-N-methylacetamide
  • Step b Synthesis of 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-(2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)acetamide
  • Step c N-(2-(5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)propan-2-yl Synthesis of )-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide
  • Step d N-methyl-2-(5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)propane-2 -Synthesis of amines
  • Step a Synthesis of methyl 1-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)cyclopropanecarboxylate
  • Step b Synthesis of (9H-fluoren-9-yl)methyl(1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl)carbamate
  • Step c Synthesis of (9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methyl(1-formylcyclopropyl)carbamate
  • Step d (9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methyl(1-(5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7 Synthesis of '-yl)cyclopropyl)carbamate
  • Step e Synthesis of 1-(5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)cyclopropanamine
  • Step f N-methyl-1-(5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)cyclopropane- Synthesis of 1-amine
  • Diastereomer 1 (20.1 mg, 1.32% yield).
  • Diastereomer 2 (37.5 mg, 2.46% yield).
  • Step a Synthesis of 7'-(bromomethyl)-5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran
  • Step b 1-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)azetidine synthesis
  • Step a Synthesis of 3-(1-(2-Methoxyvinyl)cyclopropyl)thiophene
  • Step b Synthesis of 2-(1-(thiophen-3-yl)cyclopropyl)acetaldehyde
  • Step d 1-(5',6'-Dihydro-8'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]oxazol]-8'-yl)-N -Synthesis of methyl methylamine
  • reaction solution was poured into water (90 mL), basified with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, extracted with ethyl acetate (80 mL ⁇ 2), the combined organic phases were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to obtain the crude product, which was filtered through a column.
  • Step a Synthesis of 2,2,2-Trifluoro-N-methyl-N-((2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)methyl)acetamide
  • Step b 2,2,2-Trifluoro-N-methyl-N-((7'-methyl-5'H,7'H spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3 Synthesis of -c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)acetamide
  • Step c N-methyl-1-(7'-methyl-5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7' Synthesis of -yl)methylamine
  • N-((5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl)-2,2,2 -Trifluoroacetate amine (200.0 mg, 0.65 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), and then borane tetrahydrofuran solution (1.98 mL, 1.98 mmol, 1MinTHF) was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out at 70 degrees Celsius for two hours after the addition, and then cooled to room temperature. The crude product was obtained by concentration, which was separated and purified by preparative liquid chromatography to obtain the target product (32.9 mg, 17.2% yield).
  • Step f N-((3'-Bromo-5'H,7'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-thieno[2,3-c]pyran]-7'-yl)methyl )-2,2,2-trifluoro-N-methylacetamide
  • reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 2 hours, then cooled to 0 degrees Celsius, diluted with dichloromethane (50 mL), washed with 5% sodium hydroxide (50 mL x 3) and brine (50 mL x 3), anhydrous sodium sulfate Dry, filter and concentrate in vacuo.
  • Step a N-((4',6'-Dihydrospiro[cyclopropane-1,7'-thieno[3,2-c]pyran]-4'-yl)methyl)2,2 , Synthesis of 2-trifluoro-N-(methyl-D 3 )acetamide
  • Step b N-((4',6'-Dihydrospiro[cyclopropane-1,7'-thieno[3,2-c]pyran]-4'-yl)methyl)methyl- Synthesis of D 3 -amines
  • Example 32 was resolved by chiral chromatography to obtain Example 32-S and Example 32-R.
  • Liquid analysis method chromatographic column: DAICEL CHIRALPAK IG column; mobile phase A: supercritical CO 2 , mobile phase B: methanol (containing 0.1% diethylamine); detection wavelength: 214 nm; flow rate: 1.5 mL/min; column temperature : 35°C; background column pressure: 1800 psi.
  • Mobile phase gradient Mobile phase gradient:
  • SEP-363856 of the present invention is as follows, prepared with reference to the method of Example 129 of Patent PCT/US2010/058884,
  • Test Example 1 Test method for TAAR1 receptor cAMP agonist
  • cAMP detection kit was purchased from Cisbio; HE3K293 cell line stably expressing TAAR1 receptor was constructed by Shanghai Shujing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; IBMX was purchased from Sigma; Phenethylamine (PEA); ProxiPlate-384-well plate was purchased from PerkinElmer; HBSS Available from Thermo Fisher Scientific. PerkinElmer Envision 2105 multi-function microplate reader, Agilent Bravo liquid workstation, Countstar BioTech cell counter.
  • test compound was serially diluted in the experimental buffer, and 5 ⁇ L was transferred to the reaction plate using Bravo.
  • Negative control wells were 5 ⁇ L assay buffer, positive control wells were 5 ⁇ L PEA (final concentration 10 ⁇ 2 M).
  • Activation rate (Activity%) (negative control ratio-compound ratio)/(negative control ratio-positive control ratio) ⁇ 100%
  • the EC 50 values of the compounds were calculated using the four-parameter fitting model log(agonist) vs.response--Variable slope(four parameters) in GraphPad Prism.
  • Table 1 shows the specific results of the compounds of the present invention in the TAAR1 receptor agonistic activity test obtained through the above scheme.
  • Test example 2 5-HT 1A receptor cAMP agonist test method
  • cAMP detection kit was purchased from Cisbio; HEK293 cell line stably expressing 5-HT 1A receptor was constructed by Shanghai Shujing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Serotonin, Forskolin and IBMX were purchased from Sigma; ProxiPlate-384-well plate was purchased from PerkinElmer ; HBSS was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. PerkinElmer Envision 2105 multi-function microplate reader, Tecan D300e picoliter micro-dosing system, Agilent Bravo liquid workstation, Countstar BioTech cell counter.
  • the cultured cells were digested with trypsin. After the digestion was terminated, the cell suspension was washed with HBSS buffer, the medium was removed by centrifugation at 200 ⁇ g, and the pellet was resuspended with an appropriate amount of experimental buffer. to 0.4 ⁇ 10 6 /mL.
  • test compound was serially diluted in the experimental buffer, and 5 ⁇ L was transferred to the reaction plate using Bravo.
  • Negative control wells were 5 ⁇ L assay buffer, positive control wells were 5 ⁇ L Serotonin (final concentration 10 ⁇ 6 M).
  • Activation rate (Activity%) (negative control ratio-compound ratio)/(negative control ratio-positive control ratio) ⁇ 100%
  • the EC 50 values of the compounds were calculated using the four-parameter fitting model log(agonist) vs.response--Variable slope(four parameters) in GraphPad Prism.
  • Table 2 shows the specific results of the compounds of the present invention in the 5-HT 1A receptor agonistic activity test obtained through the above scheme.
  • Test compound compound of the example of the present invention, self-made.
  • (+)-MK-801 hydrogen maleate salt purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Company, item number: M107-50MG.
  • mice 18-22g male C57Bl/6J mice, purchased from Shanghai Slack Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd.
  • mice were acclimated to the experimental environment for at least 1 hour. That is, animals were transferred from the rearing room to the laboratory and freely moved in the cage.
  • Drug preparation take the test compound, add pure water and perform sonication.
  • the animals were randomly divided into blank group, model group, and administration group, 9 animals/group, and the detailed administration information is shown in the following table:
  • T0min intraperitoneal injection of modeling drug 30 minutes after compound administration, the mice were taken out, and MK-801 (0.3 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. The blank control group was injected with normal saline. Immediately after MK-801 administration, the animals were returned to the test box and the test continued for 150 minutes.
  • ED 50 is the half effective dose
  • MED is the lowest effective dose
  • the compound of the present invention can obviously inhibit the hyperactive activity of mice induced by MK-801, and with the increase of the dose of the compound, the inhibitory effect is gradually enhanced, and there is a good dose-dependent relationship. And compared with SEP-363856, the compound of the present invention has a lower minimum effective dose and stronger inhibitory effect.
  • Test Example 4 Inhibition experiment of the compounds of the present invention on PCP-induced hyperautonomic activity in mice
  • Test compound compound of the example of the present invention, self-made.
  • PCP Dexamphetamine hydrochloride
  • mice 18-22g male C57Bl/6J mice, purchased from Shanghai Slack Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd.
  • mice were acclimated to the experimental environment for at least 1 hour. That is, the animals were transferred from the rearing room to the laboratory and freely moved in the cage.
  • Drug preparation take the test compound, add pure water and perform sonication.
  • the animals were randomly divided into blank group, model group, and administration group, 9 animals/group, and the detailed administration information is shown in the following table:
  • T0min intraperitoneal injection of modeling drug 30 minutes after compound administration, the mice were taken out, and PCP (5 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. The blank control group was injected with ultrapure water. Immediately after PCP administration, animals were returned to the test chamber and testing continued for 60 minutes.
  • the animal's activity (movement distance in the test box) will be automatically recorded with a camera and analyzed with the ANY MAZE software and the ED50 calculated.
  • ED 50 is the half effective dose
  • MED is the lowest effective dose
  • the compound of the present invention can obviously inhibit the PCP-induced high spontaneous activity in mice, and with the increase of the dose of the compound, the inhibitory effect is gradually enhanced, and there is a good dose-dependent relationship. And compared with SEP-363856, the compound of the present invention has a lower minimum effective dose and stronger inhibitory effect.

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Abstract

一种含螺环类衍生物、其制备方法和应用。特别地,通式(I)所示的化合物、其制备方法及含有该化合物的药物组合物,及其在制备预防和/或治疗与哺乳动物5-羟色胺受体和/或痕量胺相关受体和/或多巴胺受体相关的中枢神经系统疾病药物中的应用。

Description

含螺环类衍生物、其制备方法和应用
本申请要求申请日为2021/3/29的中国专利申请2021103384291的优先权,要求申请日为2021/9/29的中国专利申请2021111517346的优先权,要求申请日为2021/12/09的中国专利申请2021114966347的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,特别具体涉及一种含螺环类衍生物、其制备方法和应用。更具体地,本发明涉及含螺环类衍生物、及其制备方法、包含该含螺环类衍生物的药物组合物,以及该含螺环类衍生物或其药物组合物在制备预防和/或治疗哺乳动物神经精神类疾病药物中的用途。
背景技术
中枢神经系统的相关疾病不同程度地影响着广大人群。一般而言,这类疾病的主要特征包括认知或记忆的明显损伤,且表现出相对原始的功能水平的明显恶化。精神分裂症是一种来源不明的精神病理障碍,通常首次出现在成年阶段初期,具有精神病症状、阶段前进和发展和/或社会行为和专业能力上的退化等特征。精神分裂症的症状通常体现为三大类:阳性症状、阴性症状和认知症状。阳性症状是表现了“过量”正常体验的症状,如幻觉和妄想。阴性症状是患者缺失了正常体验的症状,如快感缺乏和社会相互作用的缺乏。认知症状与精神分裂症的认知损伤有关,如缺乏持续的注意力和决策力不足。目前的抗精神病药物可成功治疗阳性症状,但对于阴性和认知症状则远远不够理想。
生物胺可作为神经递质在中枢和外周神经系统中发挥重要作用。生物胺的合成和储存以及其在释放后的降解和重吸收被紧密控制。已知生物胺水平失衡是许多病理学情况中脑功能改变的主要原因。血清素、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、多巴胺、组胺作为经典的生物胺已被广泛进行研究。其中,5-羟色胺系统在调节前额叶皮层PFC的功能中起着重要作用,包括情绪控制,认知行为和工作记忆。PFC的锥体神经元和GABA中间神经元包含了几个具有特别高密度的5-羟色胺受体亚型5-HT1A和5-HT2A。最近得到证明PFC和NMDA受体通道是5-HT1AR的目标,这两个受体调节大脑皮层兴奋性神经元,从而影响认知功能。实际上,各种临床前数据表明5-HT1AR可能是抗精神病药发展药物的新目标。非典型抗精神药物(如olanzapine、aripiprazole等)对5-HT1AR的高亲和力及其低的EPS副作用均说明5-羟色胺系统在调节的PFC的功能中起着重要作用,包括情绪控 制、认知行为和工作记忆。PFC的锥体神经元和GABA中间神经元包含了几个具有特别高密度5-羟色胺受体亚型5-HT1A和5-HT2A。最近研究表明5-HT1A激动剂与非典型抗精神病药物治疗相关,能改善阴性症状和认知障碍。
近年来,随着经典生物胺的研究逐渐深入,人们又发现了第二类内源性胺化合物,即痕量胺TA,包括p-酪胺、β-苯乙胺、色胺和酚乙醇胺,它们在哺乳动物神经系统中的含量水平通常低于经典生物胺,但是它们在结构、代谢和亚细胞定位等方面均与经典生物胺具有类似特征。痕量胺相关受体TAAR作为G蛋白偶联受体GPCR族的新成员,与深入GPCR药效团具有相似的结构且药理学数据一致,该受体基因的系统发育关系表明这些受体形成了三种不同的亚科,其中TAAR1是在人和啮齿动物间高保守的四个基因(TAAR1-4)中的第一个亚科。TA通过Gαs激活TAAR1并发挥作用。现有研究表明痕量胺相关受体,特别是TAAR1的失调与许多精神病学疾病如精神分裂症和抑郁以及其它一些情况如注意缺陷多动障碍、偏头痛、帕金森病、物质滥用和进食障碍存在密切联系,因此TAAR配体具有用于治疗这些疾病的高潜能。
尽管用于抗精神分裂症的治疗药物较多,但目前临床应用的精神分裂症药物依然存在着多种多样的不良反应。此外,虽然目前的抗精神分裂症阴性症状药物已经应用于临床,使部分患者的阴性症状得到改善,但总体而言效果有限,仍然有许多患者因阴性症状而无法痊愈和修复正常的社交功能,导致难以恢复正常的社会劳动。另外,认知障碍治疗也是目前精神分裂症治疗的一个重点,影响大多数精神分裂症患者的言语记忆、语义处理能力和注意力功能,而目前在研或上市的抗精神分裂症药物对认知功能的改善也非常有限。此外,难治性精神分裂症的治疗依然处于困境之中,该类患者已经经过了三种不同活性成分的抗精神病药物治疗,足量足疗程但治疗反应不佳或者无法耐受抗精神病药物的不良反应,或者即便得到充分的维持或预防治疗依然病情反复或恶化,因此抗难治性精神分裂症治疗药物一直是当下临床药物研究的难题,也是一直亟需攻克的方向。
目前,处在临床III期研究中的Sunovion的SEP-363856,作为一种5-羟色胺和/或痕量胺相关受体激动剂,对5-HT1A和TAAR1受体具有显著作用,在现有临床研究中表现出较好的活性。因此,迫切需要开发出具备良好且持续有效的阴性症状治疗效果,改善患者认知功能,能够有效治疗难治性精神分裂症,此外还需具备较低的药物不良反应,且作用于多靶点的抗精神分裂症药物,以满足巨大的市场需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供含螺环类衍生物、其制备方法和应用;该含螺环 类衍生物可作为一种全新的作用于5-羟色胺受体和/或痕量胺相关受体和/或多巴胺受体的神经精神类疾病药物,特别对5-HT1A受体和/或TAAR1受体有良好的激动作用,能够有效预防和/或治疗哺乳动物神经精神类疾病。
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有预防和/或治疗哺乳动物神经精神类疾病的含螺环类衍生物、其制备方法、其药物组合物及其在医疗领域的应用。
本发明提供一种通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000001
其中:
M 1和M 2各自独立地选自-(CR AR B) n-、O或S;
M 3选自CR a、N或S;
M 4选自CR b、N或S;
M 5选自CR c、N或S;
R A、R B、R a、R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基、C 1-6卤代烷基、C 1-6烷氧基或C 1-6烷胺基,优选氢、卤素或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢、氟、氯、溴或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢、氟、氯、溴或甲基;
R 1和R 2与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3~8元杂环基,优选C 3-6环烷基或3~6元杂环基,更优选C 3-4环烷基或3~4元杂环基,进一步优选环丙基、环丁基或氧杂环丁基;
R 3和R 4各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1- 6卤代烷基,优选氢、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,更优选氢、C 1-3烷基、C 1- 3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基,进一步优选氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基、-CD 3或-CH 2CF 3
或者,R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成3~8元含氮杂环基,优选4~6元含氮杂环基,进一步优选氮杂环丁基;
R 5和R 6各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1- 6卤代烷基,优选氢或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢或甲基;
或者,R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-8环烷基或 3-8元杂环基,优选C 3-5环烷基或3-5元杂环基,进一步优选环丙基;
或者,R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成3~8元含氮杂环基,优选4~6元含氮杂环基,进一步优选四氢吡咯基;
R 7选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,优选氢或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢或甲基;
或者,R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成4~8元含氮杂环基,优选5~6元含氮杂环基,进一步优选四氢吡咯基;
或者,R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3~8元杂环基,优选C 4-6环烷基或4~6元杂环基,进一步优选环丁基;
所述的R 1和R 2与其连接的碳原子链接形成的环烷基或杂环基、R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成的含氮杂环基、R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成的环烷基或杂环基、R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成的含氮杂环基、R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成的含氮杂环基、或R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成的环烷基或杂环基,任选地,可进一步被氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6烷氧基、-(CH 2) n1OR aa、-(CH 2) n1SR aa、-(CH 2) n1NR aaR bb、-(CH 2) n1NR aaC(O)R bb、-(CH 2) n1C(O)NR aaR bb、-(CH 2) n1C(O)R aa、-(CH 2) n1C(O)OR aa、-(CH 2) n1S(O) 2R aa、-(CH 2) n1NR aaS(O) 2R bb和-(CH 2) n1S(O) 2NR aaR bb中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
R aa和R bb各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,优选氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-3烷基、C 1- 3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基;
n为0~2的整数;且
n1为0~2的整数。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,其中,
M 1和M 2各自独立地选自-(CR AR B) n-、O或S;
M 3选自CR a、N或S;
M 4选自CR b
M 5选自CR c、N或S;
R A、R B、R a、R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基、C 1-6卤代烷基、C 1-6烷氧基或C 1-6烷胺基,优选氢、卤素或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢、氟、氯、溴或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢、氟、氯或甲基;
R 1和R 2与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3~8元杂环基,优选C 3-6环烷基或3~6元杂环基,更优选C 3-4环烷基或3~4元杂环基,进一步优选环丙基、环丁基或氧杂环 丁基;
R 3和R 4各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1- 6卤代烷基,优选氢、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,更优选氢、C 1-3烷基、C 1- 3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基,进一步优选氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基、-CD 3或-CH 2CF 3
或者,R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成3~8元含氮杂环基,优选4~6元含氮杂环基,进一步优选氮杂环丁基;
R 5和R 6各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1- 6卤代烷基,优选氢或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢或甲基;
或者,R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3-8元杂环基,优选C 3-5环烷基或3-5元杂环基,进一步优选环丙基;
或者,R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成3~8元含氮杂环基,优选4~6元含氮杂环基,进一步优选四氢吡咯基;
R 7选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,优选氢或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢;
或者,R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成4~8元含氮杂环基,优选5~6元含氮杂环基,进一步优选四氢吡咯基;
或者,R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3~8元杂环基,优选C 4-6环烷基或4~6元杂环基,进一步优选环丁基;
所述的R 1和R 2与其连接的碳原子链接形成的环烷基或杂环基、R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成的含氮杂环基、R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成的环烷基或杂环基、R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成的含氮杂环基、R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成的含氮杂环基、或R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成的环烷基或杂环基,任选地,可进一步被氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6烷氧基、-(CH 2) n1OR aa、-(CH 2) n1SR aa、-(CH 2) n1NR aaR bb、-(CH 2) n1NR aaC(O)R bb、-(CH 2) n1C(O)NR aaR bb、-(CH 2) n1C(O)R aa、-(CH 2) n1C(O)OR aa、-(CH 2) n1S(O) 2R aa、-(CH 2) n1NR aaS(O) 2R bb和-(CH 2) n1S(O) 2NR aaR bb中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
R aa和R bb各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,优选氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-3烷基、C 1- 3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基;
n为0~2的整数;且
n1为0~2的整数。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)所示的化合物可为:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000002
或其混合物。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,不包含如下化合物:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000003
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,M 3选自S;M 4选自CR b或N;M 5选自CR c或N。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,M 3选自CR a或N;M 4选自S;M 5选自CR c或N。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,M 3选自CR a或N;M 4选自CR b或N;M 5选自S。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)中的
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000004
选自如下基团:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000005
优选
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000007
其中:
R a、R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基、C 1-6卤代烷基、C 1-6烷氧基或C 1-6烷胺基,优选氢、卤素或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢、氟、氯、溴或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢、氟、氯、溴或甲基。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)中的
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000008
选自如下基团:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000009
优选
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000011
其中:
R a、R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基、C 1-6卤代烷基、C 1-6烷氧基或C 1-6烷胺基,优选氢、卤素或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢、氟、氯、溴或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢、氟、氯或甲基。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)进一步如通式(II-A)所示:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000012
其中:
R 3和R 4各自独立地选自氢、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,优选氢、C 1- 3烷基、C 1-3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基,更优选氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基、-CD 3或-CH 2CF 3
或者,R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成4~6元含氮杂环基,优选氮杂环丁基;
R 5和R 6各自独立地选自氢或C 1-6烷基,优选氢或C 1-3烷基,更优选氢或甲基;
或者,R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-5环烷基或3-5元杂环基,优选环丙基;
或者,R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成4~6元含氮杂环基,优选四氢吡咯基;
R 7选自氢或C 1-6烷基,优选氢或C 1-3烷基,更优选氢或甲基;
或者,R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成5~6元含氮杂环基,优选四氢吡咯基;
或者,R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成C 4-6环烷基或4~6元杂环基,优选环丁基;
R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、卤素或C 1-6烷基,优选氢、氟、氯、溴或C 1-3烷基,更 优选氢、氟、氯、溴或甲基;且
m为0或1。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)可为:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000013
或其混合物,优选(II-Aa)。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)进一步如通式(II)所示:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000014
其中:
R b、R c、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如上所述。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)可为:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000015
或其混合物,优选(II a)。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)进一步如通式(III)所示:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000016
其中:
R a、R b、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如上所述;
例如R 3和R 4各自独立地选自氢、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,优选氢、C 1-3烷基、C 1-3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基,更优选氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基、-CD 3或-CH 2CF 3
R 5、R 6和R 7各自独立地选自氢或C 1-6烷基,优选氢或C 1-3烷基,更优选氢;
R a和R b各自独立地选自氢、卤素或C 1-6烷基,优选氢或C 1-3烷基,更优选氢。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)可为:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000017
或其混合物,优选(III a)。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)中的R 3和R 4不同时为氢。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)中的R 3为氢;且R 4选自C 1-3烷基、C 1- 3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基,
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)中的R 3为氢;且R 4选自甲基、乙基、异丙基、-CD 3或-CH 2CF 3
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)中的R 3为氢;且R 4为甲基或-CD 3
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,选自如下化合物:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000020
本发明进一步提供了一种制备通式(II-A)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐的方法,包括:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000021
通式化合物(II-A1)与通式化合物(II-2)反应制备得到通式(II-A)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐;
其中:
R b、R c、m、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如上所述。
本发明进一步提供了一种制备通式(II)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐的方法,包括:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000022
通式化合物(II-1)与通式化合物(II-2)反应制备得到通式(II)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐;
其中:
R b、R c、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如上所述。
本发明进一步提供了一种制备通式(III)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐的方法,包括:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000023
通式化合物(III-1)与通式化合物(II-2)反应制备得到通式(III)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐;
其中:
R a、R b、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如上所述。
本发明进一步涉及一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效剂量的任一所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐以及一种或多种药学上可接受的载体(或赋形剂)。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,药物组合物可以利用一种或多种可药用的载体按照常规的方式加以配制。因此,本发明的活性化合物可以被配制成口服、口腔含化给药、鼻内、肠胃外(例如静脉内、肌内或皮下)或直肠给药的剂型,或者适用于通过吸入或吹入给药的剂型。本发明的化合物或其可药用的盐也可以被配制成持续释放的剂型。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,关于口服给药,本发明的活性化合物例如可通过常规手段与可药用的赋形剂加以配制成片剂或胶囊,赋形剂例如粘合剂,填充剂,润滑剂,崩解剂或润湿剂。片剂可以通过本领域熟知的方法加以包衣。用于口服给药的液体制剂,如可以采用溶液、糖浆或悬液,或挥发为干燥产物,使用前用水或其他合适的载体再生。这类液体制剂可利用药用的添加剂通过常规手段加以制备,添加剂例如悬浮剂,乳化剂,非水性载体和防腐剂。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,当本发明的活性化合物用于胃肠外施用时,可将本发明提供的化合物与无菌水或有机介质组合形成可注射的溶液或悬液。
在本发明进一步优选的实施例中,本发明的活性化合物可以被配制成直肠组合物,例如栓剂或保留灌肠剂,例如含有常规的栓剂基质,例如可可脂或其他甘油酯。
本发明进一步涉及任一所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物在制备药物中的应用,所述的药物可为预防和/或治疗哺乳动物神经精神类疾病的药物;所述神经精神类疾病优选为5-羟色胺受体和/或痕量胺相关受体和/或多巴胺受体相关的中枢神经系统疾病。
本发明进一步涉及任一所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物在制备预防和/或治疗与哺乳动物5-羟色胺受体和/或痕量胺相关受体和/或多巴胺受体相关的中枢神经系统疾病药物的方法。
本发明还涉及一种预防和/或治疗与哺乳动物5-羟色胺受体和/或痕量胺相关受体和/或多巴胺受体相关的中枢神经系统疾病的方法,其包括向所述哺乳动物施用治疗有效剂量的任一所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐、酯、前药、溶剂化物、水合物或衍生物,或其药物组合物。
本发明涉及的5-羟色胺受体优选5-HT 1A受体。
本发明涉及的痕量胺相关受体优选TAAR1受体。
在一些实施方案中,本发明涉及的神经精神类疾病为精神分裂症、精神分裂症谱群疾病、急性精神分裂症、慢性精神分裂症、NOS精神分裂症、精神分裂样人格障碍、分裂型人格障碍、妄想性精神障碍、精神病、精神障碍、短时精神障碍、分享性精神障碍、躯体疾病所致精神障碍、药物诱发精神病、心理情感障碍、侵犯性、精神错乱、帕金森精神病、刺激性精神病、图雷特综合症、器官或NOS精神病、癫痫、精神激动、创伤后精神紧张性障碍、行为错乱、神经变性疾病、阿尔茨海默氏病、帕金森氏病、运动障碍、亨廷顿病、痴呆、情感障碍、焦虑症、情感性精神病、抑郁症、严重抑郁性障碍、情绪不良、双相性精神障碍、躁狂症、季节性情感性精神病、注意力缺陷障碍、注意力不足过动症、强迫性神经失调、眩晕、癫痫、疼痛、神经性疼痛、神经性疼痛易感状态、炎性疼痛、纤维肌痛、偏头痛、认知损伤、运动障碍、下肢不宁综合症、多发性硬化症、睡眠障碍、睡眠呼吸暂停、嗜眠发作、白天睡眠过多、时差反应、药物的嗜睡副作用、失眠、物质滥用依赖性、成瘾、进食障碍、性功能障碍、高血压、呕吐、Lesche-Nyhane病、Wilson病、自闭症、亨廷顿舞蹈病和经前焦虑中的一种或多种。
发明的详细说明
除非另有定义,本文所用所有技术和科学术语与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同。若存在矛盾,则以本申请提供的定义为准。当本文中出现商品名时,意在指代其对应的商品或其活性成分。本文引用的所有专利、已经公开的专利申请和出版物均通过引用并入到本文中。
术语“烃链”指由C和H构成的链状基团。烃链可以是饱和或者不饱和,并且在优选的实施方案中,烃链为饱和的。烃链可以是直链或支化的,并且在优选的实施方案中,烃链是直链的。烃链可以任选地包含一个或多个诸如N、O和S的杂原子。在包含杂原子的情况下,杂原子可以位于主链上。在优选的实施方案中,烃链可以是直链或支化的,并且烃链是饱和的,所述烃链在主链上任选地包含一个或多个诸如N、O和S的杂原子。当描述烃链时,无论是否包含杂原子,可以用C原子数进行描述,而不计入杂原子数目。例如,C 2-C 8或C 2-C 6指的烃链包含2-8或2-6个碳原子的烃链,其可以任选地包含额外的杂原子。
术语“烷基”是指由碳原子和氢原子组成的直链或支链的饱和的脂肪烃基团,其通过单键与分子的其余部分连接。“烷基”可以具有1-8个碳原子,即“C 1-C 8烷基”,例如C 1-4烷基、C 1-3烷基、C 1-2烷基、C 3烷基、C 4烷基、C 1-6烷基、C 3-6烷基。烷基的非限制性实例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、异戊基、2-甲基丁基、1-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、新戊基、1,1-二甲基丙基、4-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、1-甲基戊基、2-乙基丁基、1-乙基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,1-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基或1,2-二甲基丁基等,或者它们的异构体。烷基可以是任选取代或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氨基、氰基、羧基、氧代基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。
术语“亚基”是指在含有自由价电子的碳原子上再去掉一个氢原子而得到的,具有两个与分子其他部分连接的连接位点的基团。例如“亚烷基”或“烷基亚基”指饱和的直链或支链的二价烃基。
术语“亚烷基”,在本文中单独或与其他基团组合使用时,指直链或支链的饱和的二价烃基。例如,术语“C 1-8亚烷基”指具有1-8个碳原子的亚烷基,例如亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基、亚丁基、亚戊基、亚己基、1-甲基亚乙基、2-甲基亚乙基、甲基亚丙基或乙基亚丙基等。亚烷基可以是任选取代或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔 基、烷氧基、烷硫基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氨基、氰基、羧基、氧代基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。
术语“环烷基”指饱和或部分不饱和单环或多环环状烃取代基,环烷基包含3至20个碳原子,即“C 3-C 20环烷基”,例如C 3-18环烷基、C 3-16环烷基、C 3-12环烷基、C 3-8环烷基、C 3-6环烷基、C 3-5环烷基、C 3-4环烷基、C 4-8环烷基、C 4-6环烷基、C 5-6环烷基,优选C 3-8环烷基、C 3-6环烷基、C 3-5环烷基、C 3-4环烷基。单环环烷基的非限制性实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环戊烯基、环己基、环己烯基、环己二烯基、环庚基、环庚三烯基、环辛基等;多环环烷基包括螺环、稠环和桥环的环烷基。
术语“螺环烷基”指5至20元的单环之间共用一个碳原子(称螺原子)的多环基团,其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选7至10元。根据环与环之间共用的螺原子的数目将螺环烷基分为单螺环烷基、双螺环烷基或多螺环烷基,优选为单螺环烷基或双螺环烷基,更优选为3元/7元、3元/6元、3元/5元、4元/4元、4元/5元、4元/6元、5元/5元或5元/6元单螺环烷基。也包含单螺环烷基与杂环烷基共用螺原子的螺杂环烷基。
术语“稠环烷基”指5至20元,系统中的每个环与体系中的其他环共享毗邻的一对碳原子的全碳多环基团,其中一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选7至10元。根据组成环的数目分为双环、三环、四环或多环稠环烷基,优选为双环或三环稠环烷基,更优选为5元/5元或5元/6元双环烷基。
术语“桥环烷基”指5至20元,任意两个环共用两个不直接连接的碳原子的全碳多环基团,其中含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选7至10元。根据组成环的数目分为双环、三环、四环或多环桥环烷基,优选为双环、三环或四环桥环烷基,更优选为双环或三环桥环烷基。
上述所述的环烷基均可稠合于芳基、杂芳基或杂环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为环烷基。环烷基可以是任选取代或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氨基、氰基、羧基、氧代基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。
术语“杂环基”指饱和或不饱和单环或多环环状烃取代基,其包含3至20个环原子,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O) m(其中m是0~2的整数)的杂原子,但不包括-O-O-、-O-S-或-S-S-的环部分,其余环原子为碳。即“3~20元杂环基”,例如3~18元 杂环基、3~16元杂环基、3~12元杂环基、3~8元杂环基、3~6元杂环基、3~5元杂环基、3~4元杂环基、4~8元杂环基、4~6元杂环基、5~6元杂环基,优选3~8元杂环基、3~6元杂环基、3~5元杂环基、3~4元杂环基、4~8元杂环基、4~6元杂环基、5~6元杂环基,其中任选地含1-4个杂环子、1-3个杂环子或1-2个杂环子,其中杂原子任选为N、O或S原子。
单环杂环基的非限制性实例包括氧杂环丁基、硫杂环丁基、吡咯烷基、咪唑烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基、四氢吡喃基、二氢咪唑基、二氢呋喃基、二氢吡唑基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、1,3-二氧环戊基、2,2-二氟-1,3-二氧环戊基或吖庚基等。多环杂环基的非限制性实例包括螺环、稠环和桥环的杂环基,其中涉及到的螺环、稠环和桥环的杂环基任选与其他基团通过单键相连接,或者通过环上的任意两个或两个以上的原子与其他环烷基、杂环基、芳基和杂芳基进一步并环连接。
术语“螺杂环基”指5至20元的单环之间共用一个原子(称螺原子)的多环杂环基团,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O) m(其中m是0~2的整数)的杂原子,其余环原子为碳。其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选7至10元。根据环与环之间共用的螺原子的数目将螺杂环基分为单螺杂环基、双螺杂环基或多螺杂环基,优选为单螺杂环基或双螺杂环基,更优选为3元/6元、3元/5元、4元/4元、4元/5元、4元/6元、5元/5元或5元/6元单螺杂环基。
术语“稠杂环基”指5至20元,系统中的每个环与体系中的其他环共享毗邻的一对原子的多环杂环基团,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O) m(其中m是0~2的整数)的杂原子,其余环原子为碳,其中一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选7至10元。根据组成环的数目分为双环、三环、四环或多环稠杂环基,优选为双环或三环稠杂环基,更优选为5元/5元或5元/6元双环稠杂环基。
术语“桥杂环基”指5至20元,任意两个环共用两个不直接连接的原子的多杂环基团,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O) m(其中m是0~2的整数)的杂原子,其余环原子为碳,其中含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选7至10元。根据组成环的数目分为双环、三环、四环或多环桥杂环基,优选为双环、三环或四环桥杂环基,更优选为双环或三环桥杂环基。
上述所述的杂环基均可稠合于芳基、杂芳基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为杂环基。杂环基可以是任选取代或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任 何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氨基、氰基、羧基、氧代基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。
术语“芳基”指具有共轭的π电子体系的6至14元全碳单环或稠合多环基团,优选为6至12元,例如苯基或萘基,更优选苯基。所述的芳基可以稠合于杂芳基、杂环基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为芳基环,包括苯并5-10元杂芳基、苯并3-8元环烷基和苯并3-8元杂环基,优选苯并5-6元杂芳基、苯并3-6元环烷基和苯并3-6元杂环基。芳基可以是任选取代或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氨基、氰基、羧基、氧代基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。
术语“杂芳基”指包含1至4个杂原子、5至14个环原子的杂芳族体系,其中杂原子选自氧、硫和氮等。杂芳基优选5至12元,更优选5至6元,例如吡咯基、咪唑基、呋喃基、吡喃基、噻吩基、噻唑基、噻二唑基、吡唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、三唑基、四唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基等。所述的杂芳基可以稠合于芳基、环烷基或杂环基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为杂芳基环。杂芳基可以是任选取代或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氨基、氰基、羧基、氧代基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。
术语“烷氧基”指-O-(烷基)或-O-(非取代的环烷基),其中烷基、环烷基的定义如上所述。烷氧基的非限制性实例包括:甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、环丙氧基、环丁氧基、环戊氧基、环己氧基等。烷氧基可以是任选取代或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氨基、氰基、羧基、氧代基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。
术语“烷硫基”指-S-(烷基)或-S-(非取代的环烷基),其中烷基、环烷基的定义如上所述。烷硫基的非限制性实例包括:甲硫基、乙硫基、丙硫基、丁硫基、环丙硫基、环丁硫基、环戊硫基、环己硫基等。烷硫基可以是任选取代或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氨基、氰基、羧基、氧代基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。
术语“烷胺基”指-NH-(烷基或非取代的环烷基),或-N-(烷或非取代的环烷基)(烷基或非取代的环烷基),其中烷基、环烷基的定义如上所述。烷胺基的非限制性实例包括:甲胺基、乙胺基、丙胺基、丁胺基、环丙胺基、环丁胺基、环戊胺基、环己胺基等。烷胺基可以是任选取代或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氨基、氰基、羧基、氧代基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基。
术语“卤”或“卤素”或“卤代”应理解为表示氟(F)、氯(Cl)、溴(Br)或碘(I)原子,优选氟、氯、溴原子。
术语“氘代烃链”指被一个或多个氘取代的烃链,其中烃链如上所定义。
术语“氘代烷基”指被一个或多个氘取代的烷基,其中烷基如上所定义。
术语“卤代烃链”指被一个或多个卤素取代的烃链,其中烃链如上所定义。
术语“卤代烷基”指被一个或多个卤素取代的烷基,其中烷基如上所定义。
术语“卤代烷氧基”指被一个或多个卤素取代的烷氧基,其中烷氧基如上所定义。
术语“烯基”指链烯基,又称烯烃基,其中所述的烯烃可以进一步被其他相关基团取代。
术语“炔基”指(CH三C-),其中所述的炔基可以进一步被其他相关基团取代。
“羟基”指-OH。
“氨基”指-NH 2
“氰基”指-CN。
“硝基”指-NO 2
“巯基”指-SH。
“羰基”指-C(O)-。
“羧基”指-C(O)OH。
“氧代基”指=O。
术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”、“含有”或“涉及”及其在本文中的其它变体形式为包含性的或开放式的,且不排除其它未列举的元素或方法步骤。本领域技术人员应当理解,上述术语如“包括”涵盖“由...组成”的含义。
术语“一个(种)或多个(种)”或者类似的表述“至少一个(种)”可以表示例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个(种)或更多个(种)。
当公开了数值范围的下限和上限时,落入该范围中的任何数值和任何包括的范围都 被具体公开。特别地,本文公开的值的每个取值范围应理解为表示涵盖于较宽范围中的每个数值和范围。
在本文中,“Z”和“-Z-”均表示为同一特定的基团,其可以互换使用。
本文所用的表述m-n指m至n的范围以及由其中的各个点值组成的亚范围以及各个点值。例如,表述“C 2-C 8”或“C 2-8”涵盖2-8个碳原子的范围,并应理解为还涵盖其中的任意亚范围以及每个点值,例如C 2-C 5、C 3-C 4、C 2-C 6、C 3-C 6、C 4-C 6、C 4-C 7、C 4-C 8、C 2-C 5等,以及C 2、C 3、C 4、C 5、C 6、C 7、C 8等。例如,表述“C 3-C 10”或“C 3-10”也应当以类似的方式理解,例如可以涵盖包含于其中的任意亚范围和点值,例如C 3-C 9、C 6-C 9、C 6-C 8、C 6-C 7、C 7-C 10、C 7-C 9、C 7-C 8、C 8-C 9等以及C 3、C 4、C 5、C 6、C 7、C 8、C 9、C 10等。又例如,表述“C 1-C 6”或“C 1-6”涵盖1-6个碳原子的范围,并应理解为还涵盖其中的任意亚范围以及每个点值,例如C 2-C 5、C 3-C 4、C 1-C 2、C 1-C 3、C 1-C 4、C 1-C 5、C 1-C 6等,以及C 1、C 2、C 3、C 4、C 5、C 6等。又例如,表述“三元至十元”应理解为涵盖其中的任意亚范围以及每个点值,例如三元至五元、三元至六元、三元至七元、三元至八元、四元至五元、四元至六元、四元至七元、四元至八元、五元至七元、五元至八元、六元至七元、六元至八元、九元至十元,等,以及三、四、五、六、七、八、九、十元,等。本文中其他类似的表述也应当以类似的方式理解。
本文所用的表述“X选自A、B或C”、“X选自A、B和C”、“X为A、B或C”、“X为A、B和C”等不同用语均表达了相同的意义,即表示X可以是A、B、C中的任意一种或几种。
术语“任选”或“任选地”是指随后描述的事件或情况可能发生或可能不发生,该描述包括发生所述事件或情况和不发生所述事件或情况。例如,“任选(地)被烷基取代的环烷基”意味着烷基可以但不必须存在,该说明包括环烷基被烷基取代的情形和环烷基不被烷基取代的情形。
术语“取代”和“取代的”指所指定的原子上的一个或多个(例如一个、两个、三个或四个)氢被从所指出的基团的选择代替,条件是未超过所指定的原子在当前情况下的正常原子价并且所述取代形成稳定的化合物。取代基和/或变量的组合仅仅当这种组合形成稳定的化合物时才是允许的。当描述某取代基不存在时,应当理解该取代基可以为一个或多个氢原子,前提是所述结构能使化合物达到稳定的状态。当描述基团中的每个碳原子可以任选地被杂原子代替时,条件是未超过基团中的所有原子在当前情况下的正常原子价,并且形成稳定的化合物。
如果取代基被描述为“任选地...被取代”,则取代基可以是未被取代的,或者可以是被 取代的。如果某个原子或基团被描述为任选地被取代基列表中的一个或多个取代,则该原子或基团上的一个或多个氢可被独立地选择的、任选的取代基替代。当取代基为氧代(即=O)时,意味着两个氢原子被替代。除非指明,否则如本文中所使用,取代基的连接点可来自取代基的任意适宜位置。
当取代基的键显示为穿过环中连接两个原子的键时,则这样的取代基可键连至该可取代环中的任一成环原子。
当任何变量(例如R),以及带有标记的变量(例如R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6、R 7等)在化合物的组成或结构中出现一次以上时,其在每次出现时在每一种情况下的定义都是独立的。例如,如果一个基团被0、1、2、3或4个R取代基所取代,则所述基团可以任选地至多被四个R取代基所取代,并且每种情况下的每个R取代基的选项都是相互独立的。
术语“取代”表示化合物或基团上的一个或多个氢原子被其他原子或基团代替。条件是形成稳定的价态或化合物。表述“非取代”又可以理解为“未被取代”的。应当理解,取代基为氢时,这也可以表示对应的基团为“非取代”或者“未被取代”的。
本发明的化合物可以存在特定的几何或立体异构体形式。本发明设想所有的这类化合物,包括顺式和反式异构体、(-)-和(+)-对映体、(R)-和(S)-对映体、非对映异构体、(D)-异构体、(L)-异构体,及其外消旋混合物和其他混合物,例如对映异构体或非对映体富集的混合物,所有这些混合物都属于本发明的范围之内。烷基等取代基中可存在另外的不对称碳原子。所有这些异构体以及它们的混合物,均包括在本发明的范围之内。在某些实施方案中,优选化合物为那些显示更优生物活性的异构体化合物。本发明化合物已纯化的或部分纯化的异构体和立体异构体、或者外消旋混合物或非对映异构体混合物也均包括于本发明范围内。此类物质的纯化和分离可通过本领域已知的标准技术实现。
本发明所述的氢原子均可被其同位素氘所取代,所述的氘同位素含量至少大于天然氘同位素含量,本发明涉及的实施例化合物中的任一氢原子也均可被氘原子取代。
术语“药学上可接受”的物质指这样的物质,其在正常的医学判断范围内适用于与患者的组织接触而不会有不适当毒性、刺激性、过敏反应等,具有合理的利弊比,且能有效用于其目的用途。
术语“可药用盐”指本发明化合物的盐,这类盐用于哺乳动物体内时具有安全性和有效性,且具有应有的生物活性。
术语“药物组合物”指含有一种或多种本发明所述的化合物或其生理学上/可药用的盐或前体药物与其他化学组分的混合物,以及其他组分例如生理学上/可药用的载体或赋形 剂。药物组合物的目的是促进对生物体的给药,利于活性成分的吸收进而发挥生物活性。
术语“药学上可接受的载体”是指对有机体无明显刺激作用,而且不会损害该活性化合物的生物活性及性能的那些物质。“药学上可接受的载体”包括但不限于助流剂、增甜剂、稀释剂、防腐剂、染料/着色剂、矫味剂、表面活性剂、润湿剂、分散剂、崩解剂、稳定剂、溶剂或乳化剂。
术语“给药”或“给予”等指可以使化合物或组合物能够递送至期望的生物作用位点的方法。这些方法包括但不限于口服或肠胃外(包括脑室内、静脉内、皮下、腹膜内、肌内、血管内注射或输注)、局部、直肠给药等。特别是注射或口服。
如本文所用,术语“治疗”包括缓解、减轻或改善疾病或症状,预防其他症状,改善或预防症状的潜在代谢因素,抑制疾病或症状,例如,阻止疾病或症状发展,减轻疾病或症状,促进疾病或症状缓解,或使疾病或症状的病征停止,和延伸至包括预防。“治疗”还包括实现治疗性获益和/或预防性获益。治疗性获益是指根除或改善所治疗的病症。此外,治疗性获益通过根除或改善一个或多个与潜在疾病相关的生理病征达到,尽管患者可能仍患有潜在疾病,但可观察到患者疾病的改善。预防性获益是指,患者为预防某种疾病风险而使用组合物,或患者出现一个或多个疾病生理病症时服用,尽管尚未诊断此疾病。
术语“活性成分”、“治疗剂”、“活性物质”或“活性剂”是指一种化学实体,其可以有效地治疗或预防目标紊乱、疾病或病症。术语“神经精神类疾病”是指神经类疾病与精神类疾病的总称,包含神经类疾病和/或精神类疾病。
针对药物、药物单元或活性成分而言,术语“有效量”、“治疗有效量”或“预防有效量”是指副作用可接受的但能达到预期效果的药物或药剂的足够用量。有效量的确定因人而异,取决于个体的年龄和一般情况,也取决于具体的活性物质,个案中合适的有效量可以由本领域技术人员根据常规试验确定。
如本文所使用的“个体”包括人或非人动物。示例性人个体包括患有疾病(例如本文所述的疾病)的人个体(称为患者)或正常个体。本发明中“非人动物”包括所有脊椎动物,例如非哺乳动物(例如鸟类、两栖动物、爬行动物)和哺乳动物,例如非人灵长类、家畜和/或驯化动物(例如绵羊、犬、猫、奶牛、猪等)。
下述发明详述旨在举例说明非限制性实施方案,使本领域其它技术人员更充分地理解本发明的技术方案、其原理及其实际应用,以便本领域其它技术人员可以以许多形式修改和实施本发明,使其可最佳地适应特定用途的要求。
有益效果
本表明的化合物对TAAR1受体和5-HT 1A受体具有良好的激动作用,和/或具有良好 的体内药效作用,具有抗神经精神类疾病活性,也即具有治疗或预防神经精神类疾病作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。如无特别指明,本文所用的比例或百分比按重量计。
本发明的化合物结构是通过核磁共振(NMR)或/和液质联用色谱(LC-MS)来确定的。
NMR化学位移(δ)以百万分之一(ppm)的单位给出。NMR的测定是用AVANCE III600核磁仪,测定溶剂为氘代二甲基亚砜(DMSO-d 6),氘代甲醇(CD 3OD)和氘代氯仿(CDCl 3),内标为四甲基硅烷(TMS)。
液质联用色谱(LC-MS)的测定用日本岛津LCMS2020质谱仪。
HPLC的测定使用日本岛津LC20A液相色谱仪。
薄层层析硅胶板使用烟台江友硅胶板,TLC采用的规格为0.2mm±0.03mm,薄层层析分离纯化产品采用的规格是0.4mm-0.5mm。
实施例1
1-(5′H,7′H-螺[噁丁环-3,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000024
合成方案1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000025
LC-MS[M+H] +:226.1。
实施例2
1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丁烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000026
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000027
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000028
步骤a:1-(噻吩-3-基)环丁腈的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向2-(噻吩-3-基)乙腈(2.0g,16.24mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)溶液中加入氢化钠(60%,1.6g,40.59mmol),反应1小时后缓慢加入1,3-二溴丙烷(4.0g,19.8mmol),反应液缓慢升至室温并搅拌过夜。反应结束后将反应液倒入冰水(300mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(300mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(200mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(200mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)分离纯化得到目标产物(1.5g,56.6%收率)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ7.39-7.33(m,1H),7.30-7.23(m,1H),7.15(dd,J=5.1,1.5Hz,1H),2.89-2.75(m,2H),2.68-2.49(m,2H),2.44-2.26(m,1H),2.19-2.00(m,1H)。
步骤b:1-(噻吩-3-基)环丁醛的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向1-(噻吩-3-基)环丁腈(1.4g,8.58mmol)的四氢呋喃(100mL)溶液中缓慢加入二异丁基氢化铝的正己烷溶液(1M in hexane,19.0mL,19.0mmol),在室温下搅拌3小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加水(300mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(300mL x 3)萃取,萃取相用水(300mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(300mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)分离纯化得到目标产物(632.0mg,44.3%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ9.57(s,1H),7.35(dd,J=4.8,2.8Hz,1H),7.10-7.07(m,1H),6.93(dd,J=5.2,1.2Hz,1H),2.76-2.65(m,2H),2.39-2.28(m,2H),2.04-1.92(m,2H)。
步骤c:(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丁基)甲醇的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向1-(噻吩-3-基)环丁醛(632.0mg,3.8mmol)的四氢呋喃(20mL)溶液中缓慢加入四氢铝锂的四氢呋喃溶液(2.5M in THF,3.3mL,8.30mmol),然后缓慢升至室温并继续搅拌2小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加水(200mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(300mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(300mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(300mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)分离纯化得到目标产物(570.0mg,89.02%收率)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ7.34-7.28(m,1H),7.04-7.00(m,1H),6.95(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),3.75(s,2H),2.40-1.83(m,6H)。
步骤d:1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丁烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丁基)甲醇(200.0mg,1.19mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(4mL)溶液中加入2,2-二甲氧基-N-甲基乙胺(170.0mg,1.43mmol)和三氟甲磺酸(0.4mL),在80摄氏度下搅拌20分钟。反应结束后在室温下用15%氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,然后将反应液倒入水(20mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(20mL x 3)萃取,合并萃取相浓缩后得到粗产物,用柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)分离纯化得到目标终产物(37.3mg,11.7%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ8.49(s,1H),7.22(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.15(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),5.12(dd,J=9.6,2.8Hz,1H),4.11(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.22(dd,J=12.8,3.2Hz,1H),3.05(dd,J=12.8,9.6Hz,1H),2.68(s,3H),2.39-2.28(m,1H),2.23-2.14(m,2H),2.05-1.88(m,3H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:224.2。
实施例3
1-(2′-氟-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000029
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000030
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000031
步骤a:N-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向2,2-二甲氧基乙胺(500.0mg,4.75mmol)的二氯甲烷(10mL)溶液中加入三乙胺(1.8g,17.8mmol)并搅拌30分钟,然后缓慢加入三氟乙酸酐(1.19g,5.7mmol),在室温下继续搅拌2小时。反应结束后在冰浴下用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(20mL)中和反应液,然后用二氯甲烷(20mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(20mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(20mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,得到目标粗产物(800mg),不需纯化直接投入下一步反应。
步骤b:N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺的合成
向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(500.0mg,3.24mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(15mL)溶液中加入N-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺(800mg粗品)和三氟甲磺酸(389.6mg,2.6mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。反应结束后用15%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,并加入水(20mL)稀释。所得混合液用乙酸乙酯(20mL x 3)萃取,浓缩萃取相后所得粗产物经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)分离纯化得到目标产物(800.0mg,84.7%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:292.0。
步骤c:1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
向N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺(800.0mg,2.75mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(10mL)溶液中加入氢化钠(60%,219.9mg,5.5mmol)和碘甲烷(429.1mg,3.02mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。反应结束后向反应液中加入水(10mL),然后用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,浓缩萃取相后所得粗产物经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(320.0mg,55.7%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:210.0。
步骤d:叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸酯的合成
向含有1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺(252.0mg,1.20mmol)和氢氧化钠(241.0mg,6.00mmol)的二氯甲烷(10mL)溶液中加入二碳酸二叔丁酯(526.0mg,2.40mmol),然后搅拌过夜。反应结束后向反应液中加入水(10mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取相浓缩后所得粗产物用柱层析(乙酸乙酯∶石油醚=1∶10)分离纯化得到目标产物(211.0mg,56.6%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H-100] +:210.1。
步骤e:叔丁基((2′-氟-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸酯的合成
在-70摄氏度且氮气保护下,向叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸酯(337.0mg,1.09mmol)的四氢呋喃(4mL)溶液中加入正丁基锂(2.5M in hexane,0.9mL,2.25mmol),加毕保温搅拌30分钟。之后加入N-氟代双苯磺酰胺(412.0mg,1.30mmol)的四氢呋喃(2mL)溶液,继续于-70摄氏度下搅拌2小时,然后加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(100mL)萃取,萃取相经水(100mL)洗后浓缩,所得粗产物经柱层析纯化得到目标产物(250.0mg,70%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H-100] +:228.1。
步骤f:1-(2′-氟-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
向叔丁基((2′-氟-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸酯(250.0mg,0.76mmol)的二氯甲烷(3mL)溶液中加入盐酸二氧六环(1mL),加毕搅拌3小时。反应结束后浓缩反应液,所得粗产物经制备液相色谱(水/甲酸/乙腈)分离纯化得到目标产物(36.2mg,17.3%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD)δ8.53(s,1H),6.17(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),5.13-5.05(m,1H),4.02(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.63(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.39(dd,J=12.8,3.2Hz,1H),3.33-3.24(m,1H),2.75(s,3H),1.06-0.76(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:228.1。
实施例4
1-(2′-氯-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000032
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000033
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000034
步骤a:叔丁基((2′-氯-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸酯的合成
在50摄氏度条件下,向含有叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸酯(211.0mg,0.68mmol)的乙酸和四氢呋喃混合溶剂(2mL∶8mL)中加入N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(137.0mg,1.02mmol),保温搅拌3小时。反应结束后将反应液降至室温并加入水(30mL)淬灭,用乙酸乙酯(15mL x 3)萃取,萃取相浓缩后所得粗产物用柱层析(乙酸乙酯∶石油醚=1∶10)分离纯化,得到目标产物(203.0mg,86.8%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:344.1。
步骤b:1-(2′-氯-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
在室温条件下,向叔丁基((2′-氯-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸酯(203.0mg,0.59mmol)的二氯甲烷(5mL)溶液中加入三氟乙酸(2mL),并搅拌30分钟。反应结束后浓缩反应液,粗产物用制备液相色谱(水/甲酸/乙腈)分离纯化得到目标产物(10.6mg,6.2%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD)δ8.55(s,1H),6.58(s,1H),5.13(dd,J=8.4,2.8Hz,1H),4.00(dd,J=11.6,1.2Hz,1H),3.62(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.41(dd,J=12.8,3.2Hz,1H),3.33-3.25(m,1H),2.74(s,3H),1.10-0.82(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:244.1。
实施例5
1-(2′-甲基-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000035
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000036
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000037
步骤a:(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)甲醇的合成
将5-甲基噻吩-3-羧酸(7.4g,52.1mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(200mL)中,在氮气保护和冰浴条件下,向上述溶液中缓慢滴加四氢铝锂的四氢呋喃溶液(2.5MinTHF,31.0mL,78.0mmol),之后在室温下搅拌12小时。反应结束后在冰浴下依次加入乙酸乙酯(200mL)和稀盐酸(1.0M,20mL)淬灭反应并继续搅拌1小时。上述混合液用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(6.7g,99%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ6.96(s,1H),6.75(s,1H),4.59(s,2H),2.47(s,3H)1.75(brs,1H)。
步骤b:4-(溴甲基)-2-甲基噻吩的合成
在冰浴和氮气保护下,向(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)甲醇(4.0g,31.3mmol)的乙醚(100mL)溶液中加入三溴化磷(4.2g,15.6mmol),搅拌30分钟后加乙酸乙酯(200mL)稀释,混合液用水(100mL)洗,分离有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(4.2g,70.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.10(s,1H),6.80(s,1H),4.12(s,2H),2.45(s,3H)。
步骤c:2-(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)乙腈的合成
在氮气保护下,向4-(溴甲基)-2-甲基噻吩(4.0g,21mmol)的乙腈(70mL)溶液中缓慢加入三甲基硅烷基腈(6.2g,63mmol)和四丁基氟化铵(1M in THF,63mL,63mmol),在室温下搅拌14小时后,反应液用乙酸乙酯(400mL)稀释,依次用稀盐酸(0.5M,200mL x 2)、水(200mL)和饱和食盐水(200mL)洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析纯化得到目标产物(2.6g,90.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ6.97(s,1H),6.69(s,1H),3.64(s,2H),2.47(s,3H)。
步骤d:1-(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙烷腈的合成
向氢化钠(60%,1.89g,47.0mmol)的二甲基亚砜(20mL)溶液中依次加入(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)乙腈(2.6g,19.0mmol)和1-溴-2-氯乙烷(6.89g,47.0mmol),在室温下搅拌14小时后将反应液倒入水(100mL)中淬灭,混合液用乙酸乙酯(200mL)萃取,萃取液经水(300mL x 2)和饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=20∶1-10∶1)分离纯化得到目标产物(2.9g,93.5%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ6.91(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),6.57(s,1H),2.45(s,3H),1.68-1.58(m,2H),1.36-1.26(m,2H)。
步骤e:1-(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙烷醛的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下向1-(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙烷腈(815mg,5.0mmol)的四氢呋喃(20mL)溶液中缓慢滴加二异丁基氢化铝(1M in hexane,7.5mL,7.5mmol),在室温下搅拌3小时。反应结束后加入水(0.5mL)淬灭反应,并加乙酸乙酯(100mL)稀释,后用水(100mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,分离有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(800.0mg,96.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ9.22(s,1H),6.94(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),6.71(s,1H),2.47(d,J=1.2Hz,3H),1.56-1.48(m,2H),1.42-1.32(m,2H)。
步骤f:(1-(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇的合成
在冰浴条件下,向1-(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙烷醛(800.0mg,4.8mmol)的甲醇(20mL)溶液中缓慢加入硼氢化钠(201.0mg,5.3mmol),在室温下搅拌1小时。反应结束后用稀盐酸(1.0M,2mL)淬灭反应,后加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)稀释,用水(50mL x 2)和饱和食盐水(30mL)洗涤,分离有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶1)分离纯化得到目标产物(697.0mg,86.3%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ6.84(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),6.65(s,1H),3.67(s,2H),2.45(s,3H),0.90-0.75(m,4H)。
步骤g:1-(2′-甲基-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
向含有(1-(5-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(168.0mg,1.0mmol)和甲氨基乙醛缩二甲醇(120.0mg,1.0mmol)的四氢呋喃(3mL)溶液中,缓慢滴加三氟甲磺酸(900.0mg,6.0mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(3mL)溶液,在室温下搅拌过夜。反应结束后用二氯甲烷(50mL)稀释,依次用5%氢氧化钠水溶液(100mL)、水(100mL)和饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,分离有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)和制备液相纯化得到目标产物(11.6mg,5.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ6.23(s,1H),4.97-4.88(m,1H),3.90(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),3.52(d,J=15.2Hz,1H),2.92-2.84(m,2H),2.46(s,3H),2.40(s,3H),1.05-0.67(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:224.1。
实施例6
1-(3′-氟-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000038
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000039
LC-MS[M+H] +:228.1。
实施例7
1-(3′-甲基-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000040
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000041
步骤a:(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)甲醇的合成
在冰浴和氮气保护下,向4-甲基噻吩-3-羧酸(10.0g,70.4mmol)的四氢呋喃(100mL)溶液中缓慢加入四氢铝锂(2.5M in THF,60mL,150mmol),于室温下搅拌12小时。反应结束后在冰浴下向反应液加入稀盐酸(1.0M,15mL)淬灭反应,再用乙酸乙酯(400mL x 3)萃取,合并萃取液用水(400mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(400mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析纯化得到目标产物(4.0g,44.3%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.20(s,1H),6.94(s,1H),4.63(s,2H),2.26(s,3H)。
步骤b:3-(溴甲基)-4-甲基噻吩的合成
在冰浴和氮气保护下,向(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)甲醇(2.7g,21.1mmol)的乙醚(30mL)溶液中缓慢加入三溴化磷(2.85g,10.5mmol),反应30分钟后加入稀盐酸(2.5M,20mL)淬灭反应,并用乙酸乙酯(400mL x 3)萃取,合并萃取液用水(400mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(400mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(1.5g,37.5%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.29(s,1H),6.95(s,1H),4.48(s,2H),2.29(s,3H)。
步骤c:2-(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)乙腈的合成
在氮气保护下,向3-(溴甲基)-4-甲基噻吩(1.5g,7.9mmol)的乙腈(30mL)溶液中加入三甲基硅烷基腈(2.3g,23.7mmol)和四丁基氟化铵(5.8g,23.7mmol),在室温下搅拌14小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加入水(200mL),用乙酸乙酯(300mL x 3)萃取,合并萃取液依次用水(300mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(300mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)纯化得到目标产物(1.0g,92.6%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.25(s,1H),6.99(s,1H),3.59(s,2H),2.22(s,3H)。
步骤d:1-(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙烷腈的合成
向氢化钠(60%,0.74g,18.3mmol)的二甲基亚砜(20mL)溶液中缓慢加入2-(4-甲基 噻吩-3-基)乙腈(1.0g,7.3mmol)和1-溴-2-氯乙烷(2.6g,18.3mmol),在室温下搅拌14小时后置于冰浴中加水(300mL)淬灭反应,再用乙酸乙酯(300mL x 3)萃取。萃取液用水(200mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(200mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(1.0g,83.9%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.09(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),6.96-6.92(m,1H),2.40(s,3H),1.65-1.57(m,2H),1.29-1.20(m,2H)。
步骤e:1-(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙烷醛的合成
在冰浴和氮气保护下,向1-(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙烷腈(1.0g,6.1mmol)的四氢呋喃(15mL)溶液中缓慢加入二异丁基氢化铝(1M in hexane,12.2mL,12.2mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。之后在冰浴下加水(300mL)淬灭反应,并用乙酸乙酯(300mL x 3)萃取,萃取液经水(300mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(300mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)纯化得到目标产物(450.0mg,44.5%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ9.10(s,1H),7.06(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),6.98-6.93(m,1H),2.18(s,3H),1.66-1.50(m,2H),1.40-1.28(m,2H)。
步骤f:(1-(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇的合成
在冰浴条件下,向1-(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙烷醛(350mg,2.1mmol)的甲醇(7mL)溶液中缓慢加入硼氢化钠(90.0mg,2.3mmol),在室温下搅拌2小时。反应结束后将反应液倒入水(50mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(50mL x 3)萃取,萃取液依次用水(50mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(50mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析纯化得到目标产物(280.0mg,79.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.10(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),6.93-6.87(m,1H),3.54(s,2H),2.29(s,3H),0.89-0.76(m,4H)。
步骤g:1-(3′-甲基-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
在冰浴条件下,向(1-(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(170.0mg,1.0mmol)和甲氨基乙醛缩二甲醇(120.0mg,1mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃溶液中缓慢滴加三氟甲磺酸(900.0mg,5.5mmol),在室温下搅拌19小时。之后在冰浴下加入二氯甲烷(50mL)稀释,混合液经5%氢氧化钠水溶液(50mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(50mL x 3)洗涤,分离有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)纯化得到目标产物(58.9mg,26.1%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ6.83(s,1H),5.02-4.92(m,1H),3.88(dd,J=15.6,2.0 Hz,1H),3.39(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),2.99-2.82(m,2H),2.46(s,3H),2.10(s,3H),1.61-1.47(m,1H),1.21-1.09(m,1H),0.89-0.77(m,1H),0.68-0.55(m,1H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:224.2。
实施例8
1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000042
合成方案:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000043
步骤a:1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙烷甲腈的合成
将2-(噻吩-3-基)乙腈(5g,40.59mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(130mL)中,然后在0摄氏度下分批加入NaH(60%,4.06g,101.48mmol),搅拌0.5小时后,将1-溴-2-氯乙烷(11.64g,81.39mmol)溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(20mL)的溶液缓慢滴加到反应液中,然后在室温下反应15小时。之后将反应液倒入400mL水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次(300mL×2),合并有机相再用饱和食盐水(300mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩得到粗品,经柱层析分离纯化(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)得到目标化合物(4.2g,产率69.3%)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:150.1。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.33-7.29(m,1H),7.20-7.17(m,1H),6.91(dd,J=5.4,1.2Hz,1H),1.71-1.67(m,2H),1.38-1.34(m,2H)。
步骤b:1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙烷甲醛的合成
将1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙烷甲腈(4.2g,28.15mmol)溶于100mL四氢呋喃中,然后在冰浴下缓慢滴加二异丁基氢化铝(1M inhexane,56.30mL,56.30mmol)溶液。滴加完毕后在室温下反应2小时。之后将反应液缓慢倒入300mL氯化铵水溶液中,加入300mL乙酸乙酯萃取,分层得到有机相,水相再用乙酸乙酯(200mL)萃取,合并有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩得到粗品,经柱层析分离纯化(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)得到目标化合物(3.0g,收率70.1%)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:153.1。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ9.23(s,1H),7.34-7.31(m,1H),7.25-7.22(m,1H),7.05(dd,J=4.8,1.2Hz,1H),1.60-1.55(m,2H),1.43-1.39(m,2H)。
步骤c:1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙烷甲醇的合成
将1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙烷甲醛(1.0g,6.57mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(20mL)中,在冰浴下加入四氢铝锂(0.25g,6.57mmol)并继续反应10分钟。然后将乙酸乙酯缓慢滴加到反应液中淬灭反应,旋干溶剂得到粗品,经柱层析分离纯化(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1)得到目标化合物(0.9g,收率89%)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:155.1。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.27-7.24(m,1H),7.12-7.09(m,1H),6.97(dd,J=4.8,1.2Hz,1H),3.69(d,J=4.8Hz,2H),0.91-0.81(m,4H)。
步骤d:1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
将1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙烷甲醇(450.0mg,2.92mmol)和2,2-二甲氧基-N-甲基乙胺(417.5mg,3.50mmol)溶于9mL二氧六环中,然后在冰浴下滴加三氟甲磺酸(1314.7mg,8.76mmol),在室温下搅拌15个小时。然后将反应液倒入30mL水中,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液碱化,用乙酸乙酯(30mL×2)萃取,合并有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后得到粗品,经柱层析分离纯化(二氯甲烷∶甲醇=10∶1)得到目标产物(90.0mg,产率14.7%)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:210.1。
1H NMR(CD 3OD,600MHz):δ7.29(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),5.21(dd,J=9.0,3.0Hz,1H),3.93(dd,J=12.0,1.2Hz,1H),3.59(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.49(dd,J=13.2,3.0Hz,1H),3.30-3.24(m,1H),2.73(s,3H),1.07-0.76(m,4H)。
实施例8-R和实施例8-S
(R)-1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺和(S)-1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000044
将实施例8通过手性色谱柱拆分得到光学对映体1(实施例8-R)和光学对映体2(实施例8-S)。液相色谱方法:色谱柱:DAICEL CHIRALPAK IG column;流动相A:超临界CO 2,流动相B:甲醇(含0.1%二甲胺);检测波长:214nm;流速:1.5mL/min;柱温:35℃;背景柱压:1800psi。流动相梯度:
时间(min) A(%V/V) B(%V/V)
0.00 95 5
0.50 95 5
5.50 60 40
8.00 60 40
光学对映体1(实施例8-R):
RT:3.29min;[α]D 29=81.9(c 0.177,MeOH);LC-MS[M+H] +:210.1。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.12(dd,J=4.8,0.6Hz,1H),6.48(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),4.99(dd,J=7.8,4.8Hz,1H),3.99(dd,J=11.4,1.2Hz,1H),3.50(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.01-2.94(m,2H),2.52(s,3H),1.04-0.75(m,4H)。
光学对映体2(实施例8-S):
RT:3.67min;[α]D 29=-109.8(c 0.186,MeOH);LC-MS[M+H] +:210.1。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.12(dd,J=5.4,1.2Hz,1H),6.48(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),4.99(dd,J=7.8,4.2Hz,1H),3.99(dd,J=11.4,1.2Hz,1H),3.50(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.02-2.93(m,2H),2.52(s,3H),1.05-0.74(m,4H)。
实施例9
1-(4′H,6′H-螺[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000045
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000046
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000047
步骤a:1-(噻吩-2-基)环丙烷腈的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向2-(噻吩-2-基)乙腈(2.0g,16.24mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)溶液中加入氢化钠(60%,1.6g,40.59mmol),搅拌反应1小时。然后缓慢加入1,2-二溴乙烷(4.0g,21.3mmol),反应液缓慢升至室温并搅拌过夜。反应结束后在冰浴下加入水(300mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(300mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(200mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(200mL x 3)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)分离纯化得到目标产物(1.5g,61.9%收率)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ7.17(dd,J=5.1,0.6Hz,1H),7.07-7.02(m,1H),6.95-6.89(m,1H),1.78-1.67(m,2H),1.47-1.37(m,2H)。
步骤b:1-(噻吩-2-基)环丙烷基醛的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向1-(噻吩-2-基)环丙烷腈(1.4g,9.38mmol)的四氢呋喃(100mL)溶液中缓慢滴加二异丁基氢化铝(1M in hexane,18.8mL,18.8mmol),在室温下继续搅拌3小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加入水(300mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(300mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(300mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(300mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)分离纯化得到目标产物(632.0mg,44.3%收率)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ9.34(s,1H),7.27-7.20(m,1H),7.03-6.96(m,2H),1.73-1.64(m,2H),1.55-1.47(m,2H)。
步骤c:(1-(噻吩-2-基)环丙基)甲醇的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向1-(噻吩-2-基)环丙烷基醛(632.0mg,4.15mmol)的四氢呋喃(20mL)溶液中缓慢滴加四氢铝锂的四氢呋喃溶液(2.5M in THF,3.3mL,8.30mmol),在室温下搅拌2小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加入水(200mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(300mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(300mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(300mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(570.0mg,89.0%收率)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3)δ7.17-7.11(m,1H),6.97-6.90(m,2H),3.68(s,2H),1.96(s,1H),1.06-0.89(m,4H)。
步骤d:1-(4′H,6′H-螺[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
向(1-(噻吩-2-基)环丙基)甲醇(250mg,1.62mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(5mL)溶液中加入2,2-二甲氧基-N-甲基乙胺(386.0mg,3.24mmol)和三氟甲磺酸(0.8mL),在80摄氏度下搅拌20分钟。反应结束后在冰浴下用15%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,之后加入水(20mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯(20mL x 3)萃取,浓缩萃取相后所得粗产物经柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯)分离纯化得到目标产物(7.3mg,2.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD)δ7.21(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.89(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),5.11(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),3.99(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.60(dd,J=12.8,2.4Hz,1H),3.32-3.25(m,1H),2.77(s,3H),1.16-0.85(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:210.1。
实施例9-S和实施例9-R
(S)-1-(4′H,6′H-螺[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)-N-甲基甲胺和(R)-1-(4′H,6′H-螺[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000048
将实施例9通过手性色谱柱拆分得到光学对映体1(实施例9-S)和光学对映体2(实施例9-R)。液相色谱方法:色谱柱:DAICEL CHIRALPAK IG column;流动相A:超临界CO 2,流动相B:甲醇(含0.1%二甲胺);检测波长:214nm;流速:1.5mL/min;柱温:35℃;背景柱压:1800psi。流动相梯度:
时间(min) A(%V/V) B(%V/V)
0.00 95 5
0.50 95 5
5.50 60 40
10.00 60 40
光学对映体1(实施例9-S):
RT:3.23min;[α]D 29=65.1(c 0.175,MeOH);LC-MS[M+H] +:210.1。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.00(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),4.98(dd,J=9.0,2.4Hz,1H),3.92(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.57(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.07(dd,J=12.6,2.4Hz,1H),2.95(dd,J=12.0,9.0Hz,1H),2.54(s,3H),1.08-0.90(m,4H)。
光学对映体2(实施例9-R):
RT:3.62min;[α]D 29=-59.1(c 0.163,MeOH);LC-MS[M+H] +:210.1。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.00(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),4.93(dd,J=9.0,3.0Hz,1H),3.92(dd,J=11.4,1.2Hz,1H),3.56(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.02(dd,J=12.6,3.0Hz,1H),2.92(dd,J=12.6,9Hz,1H),2.51(s,3H),1.05-0.90(m,4H)。
实施例10
1-(6′,7′-二氢螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000049
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000050
LC-MS[M+H] +:210.1。
实施例11
1-(6′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]呋喃]-6′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000051
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000052
LC-MS[M+H] +:196.1。
实施例12
1-(6,7-二氢-5H-螺[苯并[b]噻吩-4,1′-环丙烷]-7-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000053
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000054
LC-MS[M+H] +:208.1。
实施例13
1-(5,6-二氢螺[环戊二烯并[b]噻吩-4,1′-环丙烷]-6-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000055
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000056
LC-MS[M+H] +:194.1。
实施例15
N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)甲烷-d3-胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000057
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000058
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000059
步骤a:叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)氨基甲酸酯 的合成
向(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲胺(500.0mg,2.56mmol)的二氯甲烷(5mL)溶液中加入氢氧化钠(512.04mg,12.80mmol)和二碳酸二叔丁酯(1.12g,5.12mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。反应结束后向反应液中加入水(10mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取相浓缩后得到粗产物,用柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(430.0mg,56.9%产率)。
LC-MS[M+H-56] +:240.1。
步骤b:叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺环[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(甲基-d3)氨基甲酸酯的合成
向叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)氨基甲酸酯(180.0mg,0.61mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(6mL)溶液中加入氢化钠(60%,48.8mg,1.22mmol)和氘代碘甲烷(92.3mg,0.64mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。反应结束后向反应液中加入水(10mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取相浓缩后得到目标粗产物(600mg)。
LC-MS[M+H-100] +:213.0。
步骤c:N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)甲烷-d3-胺的合成
向叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(甲基-d3)氨基甲酸酯(600mg粗品)的二氧六环(6mL)溶液中加入盐酸二氧六环(4M,2mL),在室温下搅拌2小时。反应结束后浓缩反应液,所得粗产物用制备液相分离纯化得到目标产物(21.2mg,4.3%产率)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.12(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),6.48(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),5.01-4.97(m,1H),3.98(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.49(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.01-2.93(m,2H),1.05-0.75(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:213.1。
实施例16
N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)乙胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000060
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000061
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000062
步骤a:N-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)乙酰胺的合成
在冰浴和氮气保护下,向2,2-二甲氧基乙胺(200.0mg,1.90mmol)的二氯甲烷(2mL)溶液中加入三乙胺(288.6mg,2.85mmol),搅拌30分钟后缓慢加入乙酸酐(233.0mg,2.28mmol)并在室温下搅拌2小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(10mL),用二氯甲烷(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取液经水(10mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(10mL x 3)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析纯化得到目标产物(500mg粗品),不需纯化直接投入下一步反应。
步骤b:N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)乙酰胺的合成
向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(200mg,1.3mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(9mL)溶液中加入N-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)乙酰胺(500mg粗品)和三氟甲磺酸(389.6mg,2.6mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。反应结束后用15%氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,加入水(10mL)稀释后用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取液经柱层析纯化得到目标产物(250.0mg,81.0%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:238.1。
步骤c:N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)乙胺的合成
在冰浴和氮气保护下,向N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)乙酰胺(250mg,1.05mmol)的四氢呋喃(2.5mL)溶液中缓慢加入四氢铝锂(2.5M in THF,0.84mL,2.1mmol),在70摄氏度下反应2小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加水(10mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(10mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(10mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经制备液相色谱(水/甲酸/乙腈)分离纯化得到目标产物(87.0mg,19.9%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ8.49(s,1H),7.31(dd,J=5.2,0.8Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),5.22(dd,J=9.2,2.8Hz,1H),3.96(dd,J=11.6,1.2Hz,1H),3.62(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.51-3.44(m,1H),3.30-3.23(m,1H),3.17-3.09(m,2H),1.32(t,J=7.6Hz,3H),1.10-1.02(m,1H),1.00-0.78(m,3H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:224.1。
实施例17
N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)丙烷-2-胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000063
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000064
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000065
步骤a:(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲胺的合成
向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(2.0g,12.97mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(40mL)溶液中加入2,2-二甲氧基乙胺(1.5g,14.26mmol)和三氟甲磺酸(3.89g,25.94mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。之后用15%氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,加入水(20mL)稀释,混合液用乙酸乙酯(20mL x 3)萃取,萃取相用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(500.0mg,19.7%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:196.1。
步骤b:叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)氨基甲酸酯的合成
向(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲胺(500.0mg,2.56mmol)的二氯甲烷(5mL)溶液中加入氢氧化钠(512.04g,12.80mmol)和二叔丁基二碳酸酯(1.12g,5.12mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。之后向反应液中加水(10mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取(10mL x 3),萃取相用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(430mg,56.9%收率)。
LC-MS[M-56] +:240.1。
步骤c:叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(异丙基)氨基甲酸酯的合成
向叔丁基((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)氨基甲酸酯(250.0mg,0.85mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2.5mL)溶液中加入氢化钠(60%,67.8mg,1.69mmol)和2-碘丙烷(1.12g,1.69mmol),在室温下搅拌3天。之后加入水(10mL)淬灭反应,并用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取相浓缩后所得粗产物经柱层析纯化得到目标产物(120.0mg,41.8%产率)。
LC-MS[M+H-100] +:238.1。
步骤d:N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)丙烷-2-胺的合成
向叔丁基((5′,7′-二氢螺环[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)(异丙基)氨基甲酸酯(120.0mg,0.36mmol)的二氧六环(2mL)溶液中加入盐酸二氧六环(4M,1mL),在室温搅拌2小时后直接浓缩,得到的粗产物用制备液相分离纯化得到目标产物(6.1mg,7.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ7.25(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.59(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),5.02(dd,J=9.2,3.2Hz,1H),3.96(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.58(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.06(dd,J=12.4,3.2Hz,1H),3.01-2.90(m,2H),1.16(d,J=6.4Hz,6H),1.09-0.77(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:238.2。
实施例18
N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)-2,2,2-三氟乙烷-1-胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000066
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000067
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000068
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺(300.0mg,1.03mmol)的四氢呋喃(10mL)溶液中加入硼烷的四氢呋喃溶液(1M in THF,3.09mL,3.09mmol),加毕在70摄氏度下搅拌2小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加入甲醇(10mL)和盐酸(2M,10mL)淬灭反应,混合液用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(10mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(10mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,所得粗产物用制备液相分离纯化得到目标产物(76.6mg,26.8%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ7.23(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.97(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),3.96(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.56(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.44-3.26(m,2H),3.12-3.02(m,2H),1.10-0.77(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:278.1。
实施例19
N-甲基-1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)乙烷-1-胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000069
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000070
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000071
步骤a:1,1-二甲氧基-N-甲基丙烷-2-胺的合成
在10摄氏度且氮气保护下,向1,1-二甲氧基丙烷-2-酮(2.0g,16.93mmol)的乙醇(20mL)溶液中加入四异丙醇钛(9.62g,33.86mmol)、甲胺(526.0mg,33.86mmol)和三乙胺(3.42g,33.86mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。之后加入硼氢化钠(1.28g,33.86mmol)并在室温下搅拌6小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加入氨水(2M,60mL)淬灭反应,过滤反应液,滤液用二氯甲烷(30mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(15mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(15mL x 3)洗涤,并用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后得到目标粗产物(1.8g)。
步骤b:N-(1,1-二甲氧基丙烷-2-基)-2,2,2-三氟-N-甲基乙酰胺的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向1,1-二甲氧基-N-甲基丙烷-2-胺(300.0mg,2.25mmol)的二氯甲烷(10mL)溶液中加入三乙胺(341.7mg,3.37mmol),搅拌30分钟后加入三氟乙酸酐(568.4mg,2.7mmol),在室温下继续搅拌2小时。反应结束后在冰浴下加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(10mL)淬灭反应,再用二氯甲烷(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取相经水(10mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(10mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后得到目标粗产物(600mg)。
步骤c:N-甲基-1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)乙烷-1-胺的合成
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000072
向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(200.0mg,1.3mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(9mL)溶液中加入N-(1,1-二甲氧基丙烷-2-基)-2,2,2-三氟-N-甲基乙酰胺(600mg粗品)和三氟甲磺酸(584.4 mg,3.9mmol),在室温下搅拌16小时。反应结束后用15%氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,然后加入水(10mL)稀释,再用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取相浓缩后所得粗产物用制备液相(水/甲酸/乙腈)分离纯化,得到目标产物(5.3mg,1.5%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ8.56(s,1H),7.38(d,J=5.2,0.8Hz,1H),6.67(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),5.05(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),4.05(d,J=11.2,1.6Hz,1H),3.60(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.57-3.48(m,1H),2.62(s,3H),1.56(d,J=6.4Hz,3H),1.18-1.08(m,1H),1.07-0.97(m,1H),0.96-0.82(m,2H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:224.1。
实施例20
N-甲基-2-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)丙烷-2-胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000073
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000074
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000075
步骤a:2,2,2-三氟-N-(1-羟基-2-甲基丙烷-2-基)乙酰胺的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向2-氨基-2-甲基丙烷-1-醇(4.4g,49.4mmol)的甲醇(100mL)溶液中加入三氟乙酸乙酯(8.5g,60.0mmol)和三乙胺(7.6g,75.0mmol),搅拌反应液过夜。之后将反应液直接浓缩得到粗产物,经柱层析(二氯甲烷∶甲醇=20∶1)分离纯化得到 目标产物(4.2g,45.9%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ6.47(brs,1H),3.63(s,2H),1.39(s,6H)。
步骤b:2,2,2-三氟-N-(2-甲基-1-氧代丙烷-2-基)乙酰胺的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向2,2,2-三氟-N-(1-羟基-2-甲基丙烷-2-基)乙酰胺(4.2g,22.8mmol)的二氯甲烷(140mL)溶液中加入戴斯-马丁试剂(14.4g,34.0mmol),保温搅拌12小时。之后加入饱和硫代硫酸钠水溶液(100mL),用二氯甲烷(100mL)萃取,萃取相经饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(100mL x 2)、水(100mL)和饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,得到目标粗产物(3.5g,91.0%产率)。
步骤c:N-(2-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)丙烷-2-基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺的合成
向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(600.0mg,3.89mmol)和2,2,2-三氟-N-(2-甲基-1-氧代丙烷-2-基)乙酰胺(1.4g,8.0mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(10mL)溶液中缓慢加入三氟甲磺酸(2.4g,16.0mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(2mL)溶液,在冰浴下搅拌6小时。反应结束后用15%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,然后加入水(100mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯(100mL x2)萃取,萃取相浓缩后获得粗产物,经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=20∶1-10∶1)分离纯化得到目标产物(250.0mg,20.1%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.15(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.67(brs,1H),6.52(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.15(s,1H),4.04(dd,J=11.2,1.2Hz,1H),3.39(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),1.54(d,J=4.4Hz,6H),1.11-1.03(m,1H),1.02-0.92(m,1H),0.90-0.73(m,2H)。
步骤d:N-甲基-2-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)丙烷-2-胺的合成
在冰浴下向N-(2-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)丙烷-2-基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺(245.0mg,0.77mmol)的四氢呋喃(6mL)溶液中加入氢化钠(60%,123.0mg,3.1mmol),搅拌30分钟后加入碘甲烷(219.0mg,1.54mmol),在室温下搅拌2小时。之后升温至55摄氏度并继续搅拌3小时。反应结束后加入乙酸乙酯(100mL)稀释,依次用饱和氯化铵水溶液(50mL)、水(50mL)和饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,分离有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥过滤浓缩,粗产物用柱层析(二氯甲烷∶甲醇=20∶1)和制备液相色谱柱分离纯化,得到目标产物(14.6mg,6.7%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ8.53(s,1H),7.33(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.66(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),5.10(s,1H),4.07(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.49(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),2.66(s,3H),1.62(s,3H),1.23(s,3H),1.21-1.10(m,1H),1.05-0.95(m,1H),0.88-0.78(m,2H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:238.1。
实施例21
N-甲基-1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)环丙烷-1-胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000076
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000077
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000078
步骤a:1-(((9H-芴-9-基)甲氧基)羰基)氨基)环丙烷羧酸甲酯的合成
在冰浴下向2-氨基-2-甲基丙烷-1-醇(3.45g,30.0mmol)的二氧六环和水的混合溶液(50mL∶50mL)中加入碳酸钠(4.77g,45.0mmol)、芴甲氧羰酰氯(11.6g,45.0mmol)和三乙胺(7.6g,75.0mmol),反应液缓慢升至室温并搅拌过夜。之后加乙酸乙酯(300mL)稀释,用水(300mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,分离有机相浓缩后得到粗产物,用混合溶剂(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯∶甲醇=10∶2∶1)搅洗后得到目标产物(9.4g,92.9%收率)。
步骤b:(9H-芴-9-基)甲基(1-(羟甲基)环丙基)氨基甲酸酯的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向1-(((9H-芴-9-基)甲氧基)羰基)氨基)环丙烷羧酸甲酯(8.0g,23.7mmol)的四氢呋喃(100mL)溶液中加入四氢铝锂(2.5M inTHF,14.2mL,35.6mmol),保温搅拌3小时。反应结束后向反应液中依次加入水(1mL)、10%氢氧化钠水溶液(4mL) 和乙酸乙酯(100mL),室温搅拌1小时。分离有机相后用无水硫酸钠干燥过滤浓缩,粗产物用柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1)纯化得到目标产物(3.0g,40.9%收率)。
步骤c:(9H-芴-9-基)甲基(1-甲酰基环丙基)氨基甲酸酯的合成
在-70摄氏度且氮气保护下,向二甲亚砜(1.17g,15mmol)的二氯甲烷(50mL)溶液中缓慢滴加草酰氯(1.9g,15mmol)的二氯甲烷(5mL)溶液,保温搅拌30分钟。然后将(9H-芴-9-基)甲基(1-(羟甲基)环丙基)氨基甲酸酯(3.0g,9.7mmol)溶于四氢呋喃和二氯甲烷(20mL:20mL)的混合溶剂中,缓慢滴入上述反应液中保温反应1小时,然后加入三乙胺(7mL,50mmol)并允许反应液缓慢升至室温。之后加入水(100mL)淬灭反应,用二氯甲烷(100mL)萃取,分离有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物用柱层析纯化得到目标产物(900.0mg,30.2%收率)。
步骤d:(9H-芴-9-基)甲基(1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)环丙基)氨基甲酸酯的合成
向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(251.0mg,1.63mmol)和(9H-芴-9-基)甲基(1-甲酰基环丙基)氨基甲酸酯(500.0mg,1.63mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(10mL)溶液中加入三氟甲磺酸(978.0mg,6.52mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(2mL)溶液,在冰浴下搅拌30分钟。反应结束后用15%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,加入水(100mL)稀释后用乙酸乙酯(100mL x 2)萃取,萃取相浓缩后得到粗产物,经柱层析分离纯化得到目标产物(170.0mg,23.5%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:444.2。
步骤e:1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)环丙烷胺的合成
在冰浴且氮气保护下,向(9H-芴-9-基)甲基(1-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)环丙基)氨基甲酸酯(170.0mg,0.38mmol)的二氯甲烷(3mL)溶液中加入哌啶(161.0mg,1.9mmol),在室温下搅拌5小时。之后反应液倒入水(50mL)中,用二氯甲烷(50mL)萃取,萃取相用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(100mL x 2)、水(100mL)和饱和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析纯化得到目标产物(80mg,95.1%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:222.1。
步骤f:N-甲基-1-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)环丙烷-1-胺的合成
在冰浴条件下,向1-(5′,7′-二氢螺环[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)环丙烷胺(44.0mg,0.2mmol)的六氟异丙醇(6mL)溶液中加入三氟甲磺酸甲酯(50.0mg,0.3mmol), 在室温下搅拌3小时。反应结束后加入乙酸乙酯(100mL)稀释,先后用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(10mL)、水(50mL)和饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,分离有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物用柱层析和制备液相色谱(水/甲酸/乙腈)纯化得到目标产物(8.4mg,15.0%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ8.46(s,1H),7.36(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.67(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.72(s,1H),4.02(dd,J=11.6,1.6Hz,1H),3.60(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),2.59(s,3H),1.32-0.80(m,8H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:236.1。
实施例22
2-(5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)吡咯烷
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000079
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000080
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000081
向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(1.0g,6.48mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(40mL)溶液中加入2-甲酰基吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(1.42g,7.13mmol)和三氟甲磺酸(1.94g,12.96mmol),在室温下搅拌20分钟。反应结束后,用15%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,然后加水(10mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,萃取相浓缩后得到粗产物,经柱层析和超临界流体液相(二乙胺/乙醇)分离纯化得到一对非对映异构体,其中:
非对映异构体1(20.1mg,1.32%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ7.27(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.59(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.88(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),3.95(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.67-3.52(m,2H),3.20-3.06(m,1H),3.05-2.92(m,1H),2.30-2.14(m,1H),2.07-1.84(m,3H),1.13-0.75(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:236.1。
非对映异构体2(37.5mg,2.46%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ7.29(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.60(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.94(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.97(dd,J=11.6,1.6Hz,1H),3.74-3.65(m,1H),3.61(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.24-3.14(m,1H),3.13-3.03(m,1H),2.36-2.19(m,1H),2.10-1.85(m,3H),1.11-0.76(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:236.1。
实施例23
1-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)吖丁啶
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000082
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000083
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000084
步骤a:7′-(溴甲基)-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃的合成
在冰浴条件下,向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(2.21g,14.3mmol)和2-溴-1,1-二甲氧基乙烷(2.0g,11.9mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(25mL)溶液中加入三氟甲磺酸(10.0g,66.6 mmol),在室温下搅拌5小时。反应结束后,用15%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,加入水(100mL)稀释后用乙酸乙酯(100mL x 3)萃取,萃取相浓缩后得到粗产物,经柱层析纯化得到目标产物(2.6g,70.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.18(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.51(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),5.13(dd,J=8.0,4.0Hz,1H),3.96(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.77-3.70(m,1H),3.67-3.57(m,2H),1.06-0.75(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:258.9。
步骤b:1-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)吖丁啶的合成
向7′-(溴甲基)-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃(2.6g,10.1mmol)和氮杂环丁烷(0.69g,12.1mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(20mL)溶液中加入碳酸钾(4.2g,30.2mmol),在120摄氏度下搅拌4小时。反应结束后冷却至室温,加入水(200mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯(200mL x 3)萃取,萃取液先后用水(200mL x 3)和饱和食盐水(200mL x 3)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤浓缩,粗产物经柱层析和制备液相纯化得到目标产物(41.8mg,1.8%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ7.17(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.52(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.86-4.78(m,1H),3.84(dd,J=11.6,1.2Hz,1H),3.51(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.40-3.30(m,4H),2.86-2.74(m,2H),2.17-2.05(m,2H),1.04-0.72(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:236.1。
实施例24
5′H-二螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃-7′,3″-吡咯烷]
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000085
合成路线1:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000086
合成路线2:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000087
向(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(300.0mg,1.95mmol)的2-甲基四氢呋喃(12mL)溶液中加入3-氧吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(540.4mg,1.95mmol)和三氟甲磺酸(438.3mg,1.95mmol),在室温下搅拌4小时。反应结束后用15%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节反应液pH=13,然后加入水(10mL)稀释,混合液用乙酸乙酯(10mL x 3)萃取,浓缩萃取相得到粗产物,经制备液相(水/甲酸/乙腈)分离纯化得到目标产物(6.2mg,1.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD):δ8.54(s,1H),7.36(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.60(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.82(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.76-3.65(m,2H),3.64-3.47(m,2H),3.37(d,J=12.4Hz,1H),2.64-2.48(m,1H),2.41-2.27(m,1H),1.06-0.86(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:222.1。
实施例25
N-甲基-5′H-二螺[环丁烷-1,7′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃-4′,1″-环丙烷]-2-胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000088
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000089
LC-MS[M+H] +:236.1。
实施例26
N-甲基-1-(4′H,6′H-螺[环丙烷-1,7′-吡喃并[4,3-d]噻唑]-4′-基)甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000090
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000091
LC-MS[M+H] +:211.1。
实施例27
1-(5′,6′-二氢-8′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]氧杂卓]-8′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000092
合成方案:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000093
步骤a:3-(1-(2-甲氧基乙烯基)环丙基)噻吩的合成
将(甲氧基甲基)三苯基氯化膦(9.01g,26.28mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(80mL)中,在冰浴下缓慢滴加叔丁醇钾(2.95g,26.28mmol)的四氢呋喃(20mL)溶液,反应半个小时后,再滴加1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙烷甲醛(2g,13.14mmol)的THF(20mL)溶液。反应一个小时后加入的水(250mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(200mL×2)萃取,合并萃取相经无水硫酸钠干燥过滤,旋干溶剂得到粗品,经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)分离纯化得到目标化合物,为顺反式混合物(1.8g,76.0%收率)。
顺式产物: 1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.20-7.17(m,1H),6.94-6.92(m,1H),6.85-6.82(m,1H),5.92(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.69(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),3.59(s,3H),1.15-1.11(m,2H),1.04-1.01(m,2H)。
反式产物: 1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.24-7.21(m,1H),6.97-6.95(m,1H),6.90-6.87(m,1H),6.29(d,J=12.6Hz,1H),5.07(d,J=12.6Hz,1H),3.52(s,3H),1.00-0.92(m,4H)。
步骤b:2-(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)乙醛的合成
将3-(1-(2-甲氧基乙烯基)环丙基)噻吩(1.8g,9.99mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(20mL)中,然后加入盐酸溶液(20mL,2M),在室温下反应15个小时。然后将反应液倒入水(60mL)中,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次(100mL×2),合并有机相再用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩后得到目标粗化合物(1.6g,96.3%收率),无需纯化直接用于下一步反应。
步骤c:2-(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)乙醇的合成
将2-(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)乙醛(1.6g,9.62mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(30mL)中,在冰浴下分批加入四氢铝锂(0.37g,9.62mmol),反应10分钟后在冰浴下向反应液中加入无水硫酸钠(25g),然后缓慢加入冰水淬灭反应,过滤浓缩得到粗品,经柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1)分离纯化得到目标化合物(1.4g,86.5%收率)。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.25-7.23(m,1H),6.98-6.96(m,2H),3.69(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),1.88(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),1.30(brs,1H),0.85-0.81(m,2H),0.75-0.72(m,2H)。
步骤d:1-(5′,6′-二氢-8′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]氧杂卓]-8′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
将2-(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)乙醇(800.0mg,4.75mmol)和2,2-二甲氧基-N-甲基乙胺(566.0mg,4.75mmol)溶于二氧六环(20mL)中,然后在室温下滴加三氟甲磺酸(712.9mg,4.75mmol),之后在110摄氏度下微波反应2个小时。反应结束后将反应液倒入水(90mL)中,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液碱化,乙酸乙酯(80mL×2)萃取,合并有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩得到粗品,经柱层析(二氯甲烷∶甲醇=10∶1)和制备液相色谱分离纯化后得到目标产物(22.0mg,11.4%收率)。
1H NMR(CDCl 3,600MHz):δ7.02(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),6.74(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),5.17(dd,J=11.4,3.0Hz,1H),4.28-4.22(m,1H),4.04-3.97(m,1H),3.61-3.56(m,1H),3.39-3.31(m,1H),2.85(s,3H),2.18-2.08(m,1H),1.20-1.10(m,2H),0.82-0.68(m,3H)。
实施例28
N-甲基-1-(7′-甲基-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000094
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000095
步骤a:2,2,2-三氟-N-甲基-N-((2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)甲基)乙酰胺的合成
将N-甲基-1-(2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)甲胺(300.0mg,2.29mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(10mL)中,再加入三乙胺(578.6mg,5.72mmol),在0摄氏度下滴加三氟乙酸酐(624.5mg,2.97mmol),然后缓慢升至室温并搅拌过夜。次日将混合物倒入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液中(50mL),用二氯甲烷萃取两次(30mL x 2),将收集的有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩得到目标化合物粗品(500mg,96.1%收率)。
步骤b:2,2,2-三氟-N-甲基-N-((7′-甲基-5′H,7′H螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)乙酰胺的合成
将(1-(噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(100.0mg,0.65mmol)和2,2,2-三氟-N-甲基-N-((2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)甲基)乙酰胺(221.0mg,0.97mmol)溶于二氧六环(10mL)中,在0摄氏度下缓慢滴加三氟甲磺酸(291.9mg,1.95mmol),然后室温下反应过夜。次日将反应液倒入碳酸氢钠水溶液中(30mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取两次(30mL x 2),将收集到的有机相经过无水硫酸钠干燥过滤浓缩得到粗品,经过柱层析分离纯化(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)得到目标化合物(53mg,25.6%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:319.9。
步骤c:N-甲基-1-(7′-甲基-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲胺的合成
将2,2,2-三氟-N-甲基-N-((7′-甲基5′H,7′H螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)乙酰胺(53.0mg,0.17mmol)溶于甲醇和水(3mL/0.3mL)的混合溶剂中,加入碳酸钾(45.9mg,0.33mmol),然后在70摄氏度下搅拌三个小时。之后将混合物过滤浓缩得到粗产物,经过制备液相色谱分离纯化得到目标化合物(30mg,53.6%收率)。
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ7.47(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),6.66(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),3.76(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.43(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.36(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),2.58(s,3H),1.57(s,3H),1.00-0.87(m,4H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:223.95。
实施例29
N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)-2,2,2-三氟乙基-1-胺
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000096
将N-((5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)-2,2,2-三氟乙酸胺(200.0mg,0.65mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(10mL),然后滴加硼烷四氢呋喃溶液(1.98mL,1.98mmol,1MinTHF),加毕在70摄氏度下反应两小时,降至室温并浓缩得到粗品,经制备液相色谱分离纯化得到目标产物(32.9mg,17.2%收率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD 3OD)δ7.31(dd,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.24(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.88-4.82(m,1H),4.21(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.66(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.41-3.25(m,2H),3.00(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.52-2.39(m,1H),2.29-1.92(m,5H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:292.1。
实施例30
1-(3′-溴-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000097
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000098
步骤a:3-溴-4-(溴甲基)噻吩的合成
将3-溴-4-甲基噻吩(2.0g,11.3mmol),N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(2.02g,11.36mmol)和偶氮二异丁腈(93.0mg,0.57mmol)溶于四氯化碳(30mL)中,氮气保护下反应液回流2小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,过滤并浓缩。残余物通过柱层析纯化,得到产物(2.3g,79.5%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.40(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),7.29(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),4.48(s,2H)。
步骤b:2-(4-溴噻吩-3-基)乙腈的合成
将3-溴-4-(溴甲基)噻吩(2.3g,8.99mmol)溶于乙腈(30mL)中,缓慢加入三甲基硅氰(2.7g,27.2mmol)和四丁基氟化铵(2.7mL,27.2mmol),在室温下搅拌过夜。之后将反应混合物冷却至0摄氏度,加入水(100mL)并用乙酸乙酯(100mL x 3)萃取。合并萃取相并用水(100mL x 2)和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。粗产物通过柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)纯化得到产物(1.25g,68.8%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.40(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),3.68(s,2H)。
步骤c:1-(4-溴噻吩-3-基)环丙烷腈的合成
向二甲基亚砜(20mL)中缓慢加入氢化钠(597.0mg,14.93mmol),然后向混合物中缓慢加入2-(4-溴噻吩-3-基)乙腈(1.2g,5.97mmol)和1-溴-2-氯乙烷(2.12g,14.93mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。之后冷却至10摄氏度,加入水(100mL)并用乙酸乙酯(100mL x 3)萃取。合并萃取相并用水(100mL x 2)和食盐水(100mL)洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。残余物通过柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)纯化,得到产物(1.13g,82.9%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.30(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),7.22(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),1.75-1.63(m,2H),1.37-1.23(m,2H)。
步骤d:1-(4-甲基噻吩-3-基)环丙烷甲醛的合成
将1-(4-溴噻吩-3-基)环丙甲腈(1.1g,4.85mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(15mL)中,于0摄氏度且氮气保护下,向反应液中缓慢加入二异丁基氢化铝(1M in hexane,9.8mL,9.8mmol)。加毕将反应混合物升至室温并搅拌过夜。将反应混合物冷却至0摄氏度,加入水(50mL)并用乙酸乙酯(50mL x 3)萃取。合并萃取相并用水(50mL x 3)和食盐水(50mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩得到产物(930mg,83.8%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ9.21(s,1H),7.32(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),7.15(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),1.72-1.60(m,2H),1.42-1.30(m,2H)。
步骤e:(1-(4-溴噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇的合成
将1-(4-溴噻吩-3-基)环丙烷甲醛(930.0mg,4.04mmol)溶于甲醇(10mL)中,于0摄氏度下缓慢加入硼氢化钠(169.0mg,4.45mmol),将反应混合物升至室温并搅拌3小时。向反应混合物中加入水(50mL)并用乙酸乙酯(30mL x 3)萃取。用水(30mL x 3)和食盐水(30mL)洗涤合并的萃取相,用无水硫酸钠干燥过滤并浓缩。所得残余物通过柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶1)纯化,得到目标产物(800.0mg,84.9%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.27(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),7.18(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),3.66(s,2H),0.89(d,J=14.4Hz,4H)。
步骤f:N-((3′-溴-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)-2,2,2-三氟-N-甲基乙酰胺
将(1-(4-溴噻吩-3-基)环丙基)甲醇(800.0mg,3.45mmol)和N-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,2,2-三氟-N-甲基乙酰胺(1.3g,6.21mmol)溶于2-甲基四氢呋喃(10mL)中,在0摄氏度下向溶液中缓慢加入三氟甲磺酸(3.1g,20.7mmol)。将反应混合物升温至室温并搅拌2小时,之后冷却至0摄氏度,用二氯甲烷(50mL)稀释,用5%氢氧化钠(50mL x 3)和食盐水(50mL x 3)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。残余物通过柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)分离纯化,得到产物(500.0mg,37.6%产率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:384.2。
步骤g:1-(3′-溴-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)-N-甲基甲胺的合成
将N-((3′-溴-5′H,7′H-螺[环丙烷-1,4′-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡喃]-7′-基)甲基)-2,2,2-三氟-N-甲基乙酰胺(250.0mg,0.65mmol)溶于甲醇(10mL)中,向溶液中加入碳酸钾(270.0mg,1.95mmol)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌3小时,之后将反应混合物过滤浓缩得到残余物,将其通过制备液相色谱(水/甲酸/乙氰)分离纯化得到目标产物(62.4mg,28.8%产率)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6):δ8.24(s,1H),7.50(s,1H),4.95-4.85(m,1H),3.85(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),3.38(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),3.06-2.78(m,2H),2.41(s,3H),1.95-1.80(m,1H),1.40-1.30(m,1H),0.90-0.76(m,1H),0.65-0.50(m,1H)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:288.0。
实施例32
N-((4′,6′-二氢螺环[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)甲基)甲基-D 3-胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000099
合成路线:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000100
步骤a:N-((4′,6′-二氢螺环[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)甲基)2,2,2-三氟-N-(甲基-D 3)乙酰胺的合成
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000101
向N-((4′,6′-二氢螺环[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)甲基)2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺(1.0g,3.43mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液(10mL)中依次加入碳酸钾(950mg,6.86mmol)和氘代碘甲烷(1.5g,10.3mmol),在室温下搅拌4小时。反应结束后将反应液倒入饱和氯化铵水溶液(70mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(30mL x 3)萃取,浓缩萃取相后得到粗产物,经过柱层析(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)分离纯化得到目标化合物(600mg,56%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:308.9。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.02(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),6.83(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),5.06(dd,J=9.0,2.4Hz,1H),4.12(dd,J=14.4,2.4Hz,1H),3.81(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.61(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.54-3.48(m,1H),1.07-0.93(m,4H)。
步骤b:N-((4′,6′-二氢螺环[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)甲基)甲基-D 3-胺的合成
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000102
向N-((4′,6′-二氢螺环[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)甲基)2,2,2-三氟-N-(甲基-D 3)乙酰胺(600mg,1.95mmol)的甲醇(6mL)溶液中加入碳酸钾(540mg,3.9mmol),在室温下搅拌2小时。反应结束后过滤浓缩反应液,所得粗产物用制备液相(乙腈∶水=25∶75)分离纯化得到目标产物(340mg,53.5%收率)。
LC-MS[M+H] +:212.9。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.00(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),4.91(dd,J=9.0,3.0Hz,1H),3.93(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.56(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.01(dd,J=12.6,3.0Hz,1H),2.92(dd,J=12.6,9.0Hz,1H),1.06-0.89(m,4H)。
实施例32-S和实施例32-R
(S)-N-((4′,6′-二氢螺环[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)甲基)甲基-D 3-胺和(R)-N-((4′,6′-二氢螺环[环丙烷-1,7′-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡喃]-4′-基)甲基)甲基-D 3-胺
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000103
将实施例32通过手性色谱拆分得到实施例32-S和实施例32-R。液相分析方法:色谱柱:DAICEL CHIRALPAK IG column;流动相A:超临界CO 2,流动相B:甲醇(含0.1%二乙胺);检测波长:214nm;流速:1.5mL/min;柱温:35℃;背景柱压:1800psi。流动相梯度:
时间(min) A(%V/V) B(%V/V)
0.00 95 5
0.50 95 5
5.50 60 40
10.00 60 40
实施例32-S:
RT:3.236min;[α]D 23=63(c 0.10,MeOH);LC-MS[M+H] +:212.9。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.00(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),4.91(dd,J=9.0,3.0Hz,1H),3.93(dd,J=11.4,1.2Hz,1H),3.56(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.01(dd,J=12.6,3.0Hz,1H),2.92(dd,J=12.6,9.0Hz,1H),1.06-0.90(m,4H)。
实施例32-R:
RT:3.624min;[α]D 23=-60(c 0.11,MeOH);LC-MS[M+H] +:212.9。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl 3):δ7.00(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),6.75(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),4.91(dd,J=8.4,3.0Hz,1H),3.93(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.56(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.00(dd,J=12.6,3.0Hz,1H),2.91(dd,J=12.6,8.4Hz,1H),1.06-0.90(m,4H)。
生物学测试评价
以下结合测试例进一步描述解释本发明,但这些实施例并非意味着限制本发明的范围。
本发明下述SEP-363856如下所示,参照专利PCT/US2010/058884实施例129的方法进行制备,
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000104
本发明下述对比例1如下所示,参照专利PCT/US2010/058884实施例89的方法进行制备,
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000105
测试例1、TAAR1受体cAMP激动剂测试方法
1.1实验材料:
cAMP检测试剂盒购自Cisbio公司;稳定表达TAAR1受体的HE3K293细胞株由上海枢境生物科技有限公司构建;IBMX购自Sigma公司;Phenethylamine(PEA);ProxiPlate-384孔板购自PerkinElmer公司;HBSS购自Thermo Fisher Scientific公司。PerkinElmer Envision 2105型多功能酶标仪、Agilent Bravo液体工作站、Countstar BioTech细胞计数仪。
1.2实验方法:
(1)实验缓冲液配置:用ddH 2O将5×stimulation buffer稀释成1×,并加入终浓度为0.5mM的IBMX,混匀备用。
(2)取冻存的细胞在37℃水浴锅中迅速解冻,细胞悬液使用HBSS缓冲液洗涤,200×g离心去除冻存液,沉淀使用适量实验缓冲液重悬,取20μL使用细胞计数仪计数,稀释到1.5×10 6个/mL。
(3)ProxiPlate-384孔板中加入5μL细胞悬液(每孔1.5×10 4个细胞)。
(4)受试化合物在实验缓冲液中进行梯度稀释,使用Bravo转移5μL到反应板中。阴性对照孔5μL实验缓冲液,阳性对照孔5μL PEA(终浓度10 -2M)。
(5)37℃孵育1小时。
(6)加入10μL检测试剂到反应板中,室温避光孵育1小时。
(7)使用Envision 2105型多功能酶标仪进行检测。激发光340nm,发射光620nm和665nm。计算每个测试孔的665nm/620nm的比值。
激活率(Activity%)=(阴性对照比值-化合物比值)/(阴性对照比值-阳性对照比值)×100%
采用GraphPad Prism中四参数拟合模型log(agonist)vs.response--Variable slope(four parameters)计算出化合物的EC 50值。
1.3实验结果:
通过以上方案得出本发明的化合物在对TAAR1受体激动活性测试中的具体结果如表1所示。
表1本发明化合物对TAAR1受体的激动活性结果
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000106
1.4实验结论:
体外实验结果表明本发明的化合物对TAAR1受体具有激动剂作用。
测试例2、5-HT 1A受体cAMP激动剂测试方法
2.1实验材料:
cAMP检测试剂盒购自Cisbio公司;稳定表达5-HT 1A受体的HEK293细胞株由上海枢境生物科技有限公司构建;Serotonin、Forskolin和IBMX购自Sigma公司;ProxiPlate-384孔板购自PerkinElmer公司;HBSS购自Thermo Fisher Scientific公司。PerkinElmer Envision 2105型多功能酶标仪、Tecan D300e皮升级微量加液系统、Agilent  Bravo液体工作站、Countstar BioTech细胞计数仪。
2.2实验方法:
(1)实验缓冲液配置:用ddH 2O将5×stimulation buffer稀释成1×,并加入终浓度为0.5mM的IBMX,混匀备用。
(2)培养的细胞使用胰酶进行消化,终止消化后细胞悬液使用HBSS缓冲液洗涤,200×g离心去除培养基,沉淀使用适量实验缓冲液重悬,取20μL使用细胞计数仪计数,稀释到0.4×10 6个/mL。
(3)ProxiPlate-384孔板中加入5μL细胞悬液(每孔2×10 3个细胞)。
(4)受试化合物在实验缓冲液中进行梯度稀释,使用Bravo转移5μL到反应板中。阴性对照孔5μL实验缓冲液,阳性对照孔5μL Serotonin(终浓度10 -6M)。
(5)室温孵育15分钟。
(6)使用TecanD300e皮升级微量加液系统向反应板中加入Forskolin(终浓度1.5×10 - 7M)。
(7)室温孵育45分钟。
(8)加入10μL检测试剂到反应板中,室温避光孵育1小时。
(9)使用Envision 2105型多功能酶标仪进行检测。激发光340nm,发射光620nm和665nm。计算每个测试孔的665nm/620nm的比值。
激活率(Activity%)=(阴性对照比值-化合物比值)/(阴性对照比值-阳性对照比值)×100%
采用GraphPad Prism中四参数拟合模型log(agonist)vs.response--Variable slope(four parameters)计算出化合物的EC 50值。
2.3实验结果:
通过以上方案得出本发明的化合物在对5-HT 1A受体激动活性测试中的具体结果如表2所示。
表2本发明化合物对5-HT 1A受体的激动活性结果
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000107
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000108
2.4实验结论:
体外实验结果表明本发明的化合物对5-HT 1A受体具有激动作用,提示本发明化合物能够改善阴性症状和认知障碍。
测试例3、本发明化合物对MK-801诱导的小鼠高自发活动的抑制实验
3.1实验材料:
受试化合物:本发明实施例化合物,自制。
(+)-MK-801马来酸氢盐:采购自Sigma-Aldrich公司,货号:M107-50MG。
实验动物:18-22g雄性C57Bl/6J小鼠,采购自上海斯莱克实验动物有限公司。
3.2实验方法:
3.2.1动物分组:实验开始前,按照动物体重进行随机分组。
3.2.2动物适应:实验前,小鼠先在实验环境中适应至少1小时。即,将动物从饲养室转移至实验室,在笼盒中自由活动。
3.2.3给药:
药物配制:取受试化合物,加入纯水并进行超声。
将动物按体重分组后随机分为空白组,模型组,及给药组,9只/组,详细给药信息见下表:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000109
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000110
T-30min化合物口服给药:受试化合物或溶媒(纯水)经口服灌胃给药,给药后,立即放入测试箱(测试箱尺寸长×宽×高=27×27×40cm),记录30分钟内小鼠的自发活动。
T0min造模药腹腔注射:化合物给药30分钟后,将小鼠取出,进行MK-801(0.3mg/kg)腹腔注射给药。空白对照组注射生理盐水。MK-801给药后,将动物立即放回测试箱,继续检测150分钟。
3.2.4数据记录和分析。动物的活动(测试箱中的运动路程)将用摄像头自动记录,并用ANY MAZE软件进行分析,并计算ED 50
3.3实验结果:如表3所示。
表3本发明化合物对MK-801诱导的小鼠高自发活动的抑制实验结果
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000111
注:ED 50为半数有效量,MED为最低起效剂量。
3.4实验结论:
通过以上方案得出,本发明的化合物可明显抑制MK-801诱导的小鼠高自发活动,且随着化合物剂量的升高,抑制效果逐渐增强,有很好的剂量依赖关系。且相对于SEP-363856,本发明的化合物最低起效剂量更低,抑制效应更强。
测试例4、本发明化合物对PCP诱导的小鼠高自发活动的抑制实验
4.1实验材料:
受试化合物:本发明实施例化合物,自制。
右苯丙胺盐酸盐(PCP):采购自上海原思标物科技有限公司,规格:5g。
实验动物:18-22g雄性C57Bl/6J小鼠,采购自上海斯莱克实验动物有限公司。
4.2实验方法:
4.2.1动物分组:实验开始前,按照动物体重进行随机分组。
4.2.2动物适应:实验前,小鼠先在实验环境中适应至少1小时。即,将动物从饲养 室转移至实验室,在笼盒中自由活动。
4.2.3给药:
药物配制:取受试化合物,加入纯水并进行超声。
将动物按体重分组后随机分为空白组,模型组,及给药组,9只/组,详细给药信息见下表:
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000112
T-30min化合物口服给药:本发明化合物或溶媒(纯水)经口服灌胃给药,给药后,立即放入测试箱(测试箱尺寸长×宽×高=27×27×40cm),记录30分钟内小鼠的自发活动。
T0min造模药腹腔注射:化合物给药30分钟后,将小鼠取出,进行PCP(5mg/kg)腹腔注射给药。空白对照组注射超纯水。PCP给药后,将动物立即放回测试箱,继续检测60分钟。
4.2.4数据记录和分析。动物的活动(测试箱中的运动路程)将用摄像头自动记录,并用ANY MAZE软件进行分析,并计算ED 50
4.3实验结果:如表4所示
表4本发明化合物对PCP诱导的小鼠高自发活动的抑制结果
Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-000113
注:ED 50为半数有效量,MED为最低起效剂量。
4.4实验结论:
通过以上方案得出,本发明的化合物可明显抑制PCP诱导的小鼠高自发活动,且随着化合物剂量的升高,抑制效果逐渐增强,有很好的剂量依赖关系。且相对于SEP-363856,本发明的化合物最低起效剂量更低,抑制效应更强。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100001
    其中:
    M 1和M 2各自独立地选自-(CR AR B) n-、O或S;
    M 3选自CR a、N或S;
    M 4选自CR b、N或S;
    M 5选自CR c、N或S;
    R A、R B、R a、R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基、C 1-6卤代烷基、C 1-6烷氧基或C 1-6烷胺基;
    R 1和R 2与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3~8元杂环基;
    R 3和R 4各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1- 6卤代烷基;
    或者,R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成3~8元含氮杂环基;
    R 5和R 6各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1- 6卤代烷基;
    或者,R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3-8元杂环基;
    或者,R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成3~8元含氮杂环基;
    R 7选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基;
    或者,R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成4~8元含氮杂环基;
    或者,R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3~8元杂环基;
    所述的R 1和R 2与其连接的碳原子链接形成的环烷基或杂环基、R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成的含氮杂环基、R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成的环烷基或杂环基、R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成的含氮杂环基、R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成的含氮杂环基、或R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成的环烷基或杂环基,任选地,可进一步被氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6烷氧基、-(CH 2) n1OR aa、-(CH 2) n1SR aa、-(CH 2) n1NR aaR bb、 -(CH 2) n1NR aaC(O)R bb、-(CH 2) n1C(O)NR aaR bb、-(CH 2) n1C(O)R aa、-(CH 2) n1C(O)OR aa、-(CH 2) n1S(O) 2R aa、-(CH 2) n1NR aaS(O) 2R bb和-(CH 2) n1S(O) 2NR aaR bb中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
    R aa和R bb各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基;
    n为0~2的整数;且
    n1为0~2的整数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,其中:
    M 1和M 2各自独立地选自-(CR AR B) n-、O或S;
    M 3选自CR a、N或S;
    M 4选自CR b
    M 5选自CR c、N或S;
    R A、R B、R a、R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基、C 1-6卤代烷基、C 1-6烷氧基或C 1-6烷胺基;
    R 1和R 2与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3~8元杂环基;
    R 3和R 4各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1- 6卤代烷基;
    或者,R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成3~8元含氮杂环基;
    R 5和R 6各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1- 6卤代烷基;
    或者,R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3-8元杂环基;
    或者,R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成3~8元含氮杂环基;
    R 7选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基;
    或者,R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成4~8元含氮杂环基;
    或者,R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成C 3-8环烷基或3~8元杂环基;
    所述的R 1和R 2与其连接的碳原子链接形成的环烷基或杂环基、R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成的含氮杂环基、R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成的环烷基或杂环基、R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成的含氮杂环基、R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成的含氮杂环基、或R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成的环烷基或杂环基,任选地,可进一步被氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰 基、硝基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6烷氧基、-(CH 2) n1OR aa、-(CH 2) n1SR aa、-(CH 2) n1NR aaR bb、-(CH 2) n1NR aaC(O)R bb、-(CH 2) n1C(O)NR aaR bb、-(CH 2) n1C(O)R aa、-(CH 2) n1C(O)OR aa、-(CH 2) n1S(O) 2R aa、-(CH 2) n1NR aaS(O) 2R bb和-(CH 2) n1S(O) 2NR aaR bb中的一个或多个取代基所取代;
    R aa和R bb各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基;
    n为0~2的整数;且
    n1为0~2的整数。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,其满足如下条件中的一种或多种:
    (1)R A、R B、R a、R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、卤素或C 1-6烷基,优选氢、氟、氯、溴和C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢、氟、氯、溴或甲基;
    (2)R 1和R 2与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-6环烷基或3~6元杂环基,优选C 3-4环烷基或3~4元杂环基,进一步优选环丙基、环丁基或氧杂环丁基;
    (3)R 3和R 4各自独立地选自氢、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,优选氢、C 1-3烷基、C 1-3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基,进一步优选氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基、-CD 3或-CH 2CF 3
    (4)R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成4~6元含氮杂环基,进一步优选氮杂环丁基;
    (5)R 5和R 6各自独立地选自氢或C 1-6烷基,优选氢或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢或甲基;
    (6)R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-5环烷基或3-5元杂环基,优选环丙基;
    (7)R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成4~6元含氮杂环基,进一步优选四氢吡咯基;
    (8)R 7选自氢或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢或甲基;
    (9)R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成5~6元含氮杂环基,进一步优选四氢吡咯基;
    (10)R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成C 4-6环烷基或4~6元杂环基,进一步优选环丁基;
    (11)R aa和R bb各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、氨基、C 1-3烷基、C 1-3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基;
    (12)通式(I)所示的化合物选自:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100002
    或其混合物。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,不包含如下化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100003
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,M 3选自S;M 4选自CR b或N;M 5选自CR c或N。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,M 3选自CR a或N;M 4选自S;M 5选自CR c或N。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,M 3选自CR a或N;M 4选自CR b或N;M 5选自S。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,通式(I)中的
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100004
    选自如下基团:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100005
    优选
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100007
    其中:
    R a、R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基、C 1-6卤代烷基、C 1-6烷氧基或C 1-6烷胺基,优选氢、卤素或C 1-6烷基,更优选氢、氟、氯、溴或C 1-3烷基,进一步优选氢、氟、氯、溴或甲基。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,通式(I)进一步如通式(II-A)所示:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100008
    其中:
    R 3和R 4各自独立地选自氢、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6氘代烷基或C 1-6卤代烷基,优选氢、C 1- 3烷基、C 1-3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基,更优选氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基、-CD 3或-CH 2CF 3
    或者,R 3和R 4与其连接的氮原子链接形成4~6元含氮杂环基,优选氮杂环丁基;
    R 5和R 6各自独立地选自氢或C 1-6烷基,优选氢或C 1-3烷基,更优选氢或甲基;
    或者,R 5和R 6与其连接的碳原子链接形成C 3-5环烷基或3-5元杂环基,优选环丙基;
    或者,R 5或R 6与R 3或R 4链接形成4~6元含氮杂环基,优选四氢吡咯基;
    R 7选自氢或C 1-6烷基,优选氢或C 1-3烷基,更优选氢或甲基;
    或者,R 7与R 3或R 4链接形成5~6元含氮杂环基,优选四氢吡咯基;
    或者,R 7与R 5或R 6链接形成C 4-6环烷基或4~6元杂环基,优选环丁基;
    R b和R c各自独立地选自氢、卤素或C 1-6烷基,优选氢、氟、氯、溴或C 1-3烷基,更优选氢、氟、氯、溴或甲基;且
    m为0或1。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,通式(I)进一步如通式(II)所示:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100009
    其中:
    R b、R c、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如权利要求1或2所述。
  11. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,通式(I)进一步如通式(III)所示:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100010
    其中:
    R a、R b、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如权利要求1或2所述。
  12. 根据权利要求1~11中任一项所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R 3和R 4不同时为氢。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R 3为氢;且R 4选自C 1-3烷基、C 1-3氘代烷基或C 1-3卤代烷基,优选甲基、乙基、异丙基、-CD 3或-CH 2CF 3,更优选甲基或-CD 3
  14. 根据权利要求1~13中任一项所述的通式(I)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,选自如下化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100011
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100012
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100013
  15. 一种制备权利要求9所述的通式(II-A)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100014
    通式化合物(II-A1)与通式化合物(II-2)反应制备得到通式(II-A)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐;
    其中:
    R b、R c、m、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如权利要求9所述。
  16. 一种制备权利要求10所述的通式(II)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100015
    通式化合物(II-1)与通式化合物(II-2)反应制备得到通式(II)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐;
    其中:
    R b、R c、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如权利要求10所述。
  17. 一种制备权利要求11所述的通式(III)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    Figure PCTCN2022083485-appb-100016
    通式化合物(III-1)与通式化合物(II-2)反应制备得到通式(III)所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐;
    其中:
    R a、R b、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7如权利要求11所述。
  18. 一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效剂量的权利要求1~14中任一项所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐以及一种或多种药学上可接受的载体。
  19. 根据权利要求1~14中任一项所示的化合物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,或权利要求18所述的药物组合物在制备药物中的用途,所述的药物可为预防和/或治疗哺乳动物神经精神类疾病的药物;所述神经精神类疾病优选为5-羟色胺受体和/或痕量 胺相关受体和/或多巴胺受体相关的中枢神经系统疾病。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的用途,其特征在于,所述神经精神类疾病为精神分裂症、精神分裂症谱群疾病、急性精神分裂症、慢性精神分裂症、NOS精神分裂症、精神分裂样人格障碍、分裂型人格障碍、妄想性精神障碍、精神病、精神障碍、短时精神障碍、分享性精神障碍、躯体疾病所致精神障碍、药物诱发精神病、心理情感障碍、侵犯性、精神错乱、帕金森精神病、刺激性精神病、图雷特综合症、器官或NOS精神病、癫痫、精神激动、创伤后精神紧张性障碍、行为错乱、神经变性疾病、阿尔茨海默氏病、帕金森氏病、运动障碍、亨廷顿病、痴呆、情感障碍、焦虑症、情感性精神病、抑郁症、严重抑郁性障碍、情绪不良、双相性精神障碍、躁狂症、季节性情感性精神病、注意力缺陷障碍、注意力不足过动症、强迫性神经失调、眩晕、癫痫、疼痛、神经性疼痛、神经性疼痛易感状态、炎性疼痛、纤维肌痛、偏头痛、认知损伤、运动障碍、下肢不宁综合症、多发性硬化症、睡眠障碍、睡眠呼吸暂停、嗜眠发作、白天睡眠过多、时差反应、药物的嗜睡副作用、失眠、物质滥用依赖性、成瘾、进食障碍、性功能障碍、高血压、呕吐、Lesche-Nyhane病、Wilson病、自闭症、亨廷顿舞蹈病和经前焦虑中的一种或多种。
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