WO2022205639A1 - 臂架装置及工程机械 - Google Patents

臂架装置及工程机械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022205639A1
WO2022205639A1 PCT/CN2021/103000 CN2021103000W WO2022205639A1 WO 2022205639 A1 WO2022205639 A1 WO 2022205639A1 CN 2021103000 W CN2021103000 W CN 2021103000W WO 2022205639 A1 WO2022205639 A1 WO 2022205639A1
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boom
section
penultimate
hinged
last
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PCT/CN2021/103000
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢世惠
谷云辉
李江波
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三一汽车制造有限公司
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Application filed by 三一汽车制造有限公司 filed Critical 三一汽车制造有限公司
Publication of WO2022205639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022205639A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of machinery, and in particular, to a boom device and construction machinery.
  • the concrete pump truck has a turntable and a boom device arranged on the turntable.
  • the boom device includes a multi-section boom, and the multi-section boom can be unfolded, folded, rotated and folded through the drive of the driving device.
  • a conveying pipe is fixed on the boom device, and the conveying pipe moves together with the boom device, which can convey the concrete to the designated position.
  • the multi-section boom is folded to minimize the space occupied by the concrete pump truck.
  • the folding methods of the boom device of the concrete pump truck mainly include R-shaped, Z-shaped and RZ-shaped folding modes.
  • the R-shaped folding means that the multi-section boom is folded in one direction, such as clockwise, and unfolded in the opposite direction, such as counterclockwise.
  • Z-shaped folding means that the multi-section boom is folded or unfolded in opposite directions.
  • RZ shape is a combination of R shape and Z shape.
  • boom sections at the end mainly have the following structural forms: 1) the two boom sections at the end are both whole booms and do not break; 2) the last boom section is disconnected by two sections, and the deployment angle About 90-180°, the penultimate boom is the whole boom.
  • the boom in the prior art is not flexible enough.
  • the present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.
  • an object of the present application is to overcome the defect of insufficient flexibility of the boom in the prior art, so as to provide a boom device with better boom flexibility.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a construction machine.
  • the technical solution of the first aspect of the present application provides a boom device for construction machinery, comprising at least four boom sections that are hinged in sequence, the first boom section is hinged to the turntable of the construction machine, and the boom is hinged to the turntable of the construction machine.
  • the penultimate boom section and the penultimate third boom section are hinged and are on the same straight line, and the penultimate boom section is hinged with the penultimate boom section and is located in the penultimate section of the boom.
  • the length of the penultimate boom section is less than or equal to the length of the penultimate boom section.
  • the fourth-to-last boom is hinged to the third-to-last boom and is located below the third-to-last boom, wherein a first-to-last boom is provided between the fourth-to-last boom and the third-to-last boom.
  • the connecting rod and the first oil cylinder, a second connecting rod and a second oil cylinder are arranged between the penultimate third boom and the penultimate second boom, and the penultimate second boom and the penultimate first boom are provided with a second link and a second oil cylinder.
  • the third connecting rod and the third oil cylinder when the boom device is in the unfolded state, the first connecting rod and the first oil cylinder are located under the penultimate third boom, the second connecting rod and the second oil cylinder The third connecting rod and the third oil cylinder are located under the penultimate boom section, and the third connecting rod and the third oil cylinder are located under the penultimate boom section.
  • the penultimate boom section extends above the cab of the construction machine.
  • the deployment angle of the penultimate first boom section relative to the penultimate second boom section is 0-225°.
  • the boom device includes at least seven boom sections, and the fourth boom section and the fifth boom section extend above the cab of the construction machine.
  • the first section of the boom is extended from the turntable toward the rear end of the body of the construction machine, the second section of the boom is hinged with the first section of the boom and is located above the first section of the boom, the first section of the boom is hinged.
  • the boom to the fourth section of the boom is folded into an R shape.
  • the technical solution of the second aspect of the present application provides a construction machine, comprising a cab, a body behind the cab, a turntable arranged on the body, and the boom device, wherein the boom device has a The first section of the boom is hinged with the turntable.
  • the center line of rotation of the turntable is located in the middle or front of the vehicle body, the first boom section of the boom device extends toward the rear end of the vehicle body, wherein at least one boom section of the boom device In order to bend the boom so that when the boom is in a folded state, the boom device occupies two columns of spaces.
  • the third boom is a bending boom, which includes a first straight boom section, a bending section that avoids the turntable and a second straight boom, the first straight boom is hinged and folded with the second boom Below the second boom; the fourth boom is hinged with the second straight arm section and folded above the second straight arm section.
  • the rotation center line of the turntable is set in the middle of the vehicle body, and when the boom device is in a folded state, the second boom is hinged with the first boom and folded to the first boom.
  • the first section of the boom to the fourth section of the boom are folded into an R shape, and on the vertical projection plane perpendicular to the length of the vehicle body, the projection of the third section of the boom and the projection of the cab are at least partially overlapping.
  • the penultimate boom and the penultimate third boom are hinged and on the same line, and the penultimate boom and the penultimate boom are on the same line.
  • the second boom section is hinged and located above the penultimate boom section, the length of the penultimate boom section is less than or equal to the length of the penultimate boom section, the penultimate boom section, and the penultimate boom section ,
  • the penultimate third boom will not be very long, so that the boom device can make the fabric more flexible and the fabric range wider.
  • the penultimate fourth boom and the penultimate third boom are hinged and located below the penultimate third boom, wherein the penultimate fourth boom and the penultimate third boom A first connecting rod and a first oil cylinder are arranged between them, a second connecting rod and a second oil cylinder are arranged between the penultimate third boom section and the penultimate second boom section, and the penultimate second boom section is connected to the penultimate first section.
  • a third connecting rod and a third oil cylinder are arranged between the booms.
  • the first connecting rod and the first oil cylinder are located under the penultimate third boom, and the second The connecting rod and the second oil cylinder are located under the penultimate section of the boom, and the third connecting rod and the third oil cylinder are located under the penultimate section of the boom.
  • the oil cylinders are all compressed oil cylinders, and the bearing capacity is better.
  • the deployment angle of the penultimate first boom segment relative to the penultimate second boom segment is 0-225°, and the deployment angle of the last boom segment is larger, thereby The flexibility of construction can be further improved.
  • the fourth boom and the fifth boom extend above the cab of the construction machine.
  • the space above the cab can be fully utilized to make the length of the fourth and fifth booms longer, or the length of the construction machinery to be shortened.
  • the first boom is extended from the turntable toward the rear end of the body of the construction machine, and the second boom is hinged to the first boom and located above the first boom , the first section of the boom to the fourth section of the boom are folded into an R shape.
  • the first section to the fourth section of the boom are folded into R It can make full use of the space above the vehicle body, which is beneficial to increase the number of sections and flexibility of the boom device.
  • the center line of rotation of the turntable is set in the middle of the vehicle body, and when the boom device is in a folded state, the second boom is hinged to the first boom and folded at the Above the first section of the boom, the first to the fourth section of the boom is folded into an R shape.
  • the projection of the third section of the boom is the same as that of the driver.
  • the projections of the chambers overlap at least partially.
  • the second and third boom boxes have a large space in the height direction, so that the cross-section of the second boom and the third boom box can be made very high, which is helpful to improve the first boom.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the two-section boom at the end of a boom device in the prior art in a folded state
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-section boom at the end of a boom device in the prior art in a folded state
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the rear four-section boom of the boom device provided in the embodiment of the application in a folded state;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first three boom sections of the boom device provided in the embodiment of the application in a folded state
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the construction machine provided in the embodiment of the application including the first four booms;
  • Fig. 6 is the top view of Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a pump truck provided in an embodiment of the application in one embodiment
  • Fig. 8 is a simplified diagram of Fig. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the construction machine provided in the examples of the application in another embodiment.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • booms at the end mainly have the following structural forms: 1) As shown in Figure 1, the two booms at the end are whole booms, which are not disconnected; 2) The last boom is broken Open two sections, the deployment angle is about 90-180°, as shown in Figure 2, the penultimate section of the boom is the whole boom.
  • the boom in the prior art is not flexible enough.
  • this embodiment provides a boom device, which can improve the flexibility of the boom.
  • the boom device is used for construction machinery, and includes at least four boom sections that are hinged in sequence, the first boom section is hinged with the turntable of the construction machine, and when the boom device is in a folded state, the penultimate boom section The boom and the penultimate third boom are hinged and on the same line, the penultimate first boom is hinged with the penultimate second boom and is located above the penultimate second boom, and the penultimate first boom is less than or equal to the length of the penultimate boom.
  • the penultimate boom section and the penultimate third boom section are hinged and are on the same line, and the penultimate boom section and the penultimate boom section are on the same line.
  • the boom is hinged and located above the penultimate boom section, the length of the penultimate boom section is less than or equal to the length of the penultimate boom section, the penultimate boom section, the penultimate boom section, the penultimate boom section, and the penultimate boom section
  • the section booms are not very long, so that the boom device can make the material more flexible and the material can be spread in a wider range.
  • the penultimate fourth boom is hinged with the penultimate third boom and is located below the penultimate third boom, wherein the penultimate fourth boom is connected to the penultimate third boom.
  • a first connecting rod and a first oil cylinder are arranged between the penultimate third boom section, a second connecting rod and a second oil cylinder are arranged between the penultimate third boom section and the penultimate second boom section, and the penultimate second boom section is provided with a second connecting rod and a second oil cylinder.
  • a third connecting rod and a third oil cylinder are arranged between the frame and the penultimate first section of the boom.
  • the first link and the first oil cylinder are located under the penultimate third section of the boom, and the second The connecting rod and the second oil cylinder are located under the penultimate section of the boom, and the third link and the third oil cylinder are located under the penultimate section of the boom.
  • the oil cylinders are all compression oil cylinders, and the bearing capacity is better.
  • the penultimate boom section extends above the cab of the construction machine.
  • the space above the cab can be fully utilized, so that the length of the third boom can be made longer, or the length of the construction machine can be shortened.
  • the deployment angle of the penultimate boom section relative to the penultimate boom section is 0-225°.
  • the deployment angle of the last boom is relatively large, so that the flexibility of construction can be further improved.
  • the boom device includes at least seven boom sections, and the fourth boom section and the fifth boom section extend above the cab of the construction machine.
  • the boom device includes a seven-section boom, and in other alternative embodiments, the boom device may include eight or more booms.
  • the space above the cab can be fully utilized, so that the lengths of the fourth boom 4 and the fifth boom 5 are longer, or the length of the pump truck is shortened.
  • the boom device includes a seven-section boom, the first boom extends from the turntable toward the rear end of the body of the construction machine, and the second boom is hinged to the first boom and located at the first boom Above the boom, the first section to the fourth section of the boom are folded into an R shape. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the first boom 1 extends toward the rear end of the vehicle body, and the second boom 2 is folded counterclockwise above the first boom 1 , the third boom 3 is folded counterclockwise below the second boom 2, the fourth boom 4 is folded counterclockwise above the third boom 3, and the fifth boom 5 is clockwise Folded above the fourth boom 4, the fifth boom 5 and the sixth boom 6 are on the same line, and the seventh boom 7 is folded counterclockwise above the sixth boom 6.
  • the fifth boom section 5 is the penultimate third boom section
  • the sixth boom section 6 is the penultimate second boom section
  • the seventh boom section 7 is the penultimate first boom section .
  • the boom device includes a seven-section boom.
  • the fourth boom 4 , the fifth boom 5 , the sixth boom 6 , and the seventh boom The boom 7 is folded into an R shape, and the fifth boom 5 and the sixth boom 6 are on the same straight line.
  • FIG. 9 when the boom device is in the folded state, the first boom 1 extends toward the rear end of the vehicle body, the second boom 2 is folded counterclockwise above the first boom 1, and the third boom 1 is folded counterclockwise.
  • the boom section 3 is folded counterclockwise below the boom section 2, the boom section 4 is folded counterclockwise above the boom section 3, and the boom section 5 is folded clockwise on the boom section 3.
  • the fifth-section boom 5 and the sixth-section boom 6 are on the same line, and the seventh-section boom 7 is folded clockwise below the sixth-section boom 6 .
  • the first section boom 1 to the fourth section boom 4 are folded counterclockwise into an R shape, when the construction needs to be forwarded, it is only necessary to unfold the first section boom 1, which is different from the need to rotate 180 degrees in the prior art. °Compared with, can improve the construction efficiency.
  • the first boom 1 to the fourth boom 4 are folded counterclockwise into an R shape, which can make full use of the space above the vehicle body, and is beneficial to increase the number of segments and flexibility of the boom device.
  • the construction machine includes a cab, a body behind the cab, a turntable provided on the body, and the boom device provided in Example 1, and the first section of the boom of the boom device is hinged to the turntable.
  • the construction machinery may be a pump truck, a fire truck, and the like. It should be noted that the front third of the body is called the front of the body, the middle third of the body is called the middle of the body, and the rear third of the body is called the rear of the body.
  • the construction machine provided in this embodiment includes the boom device provided in the above embodiment, the construction machine has a flexible distribution range and a wider distribution range.
  • the turntable 8 may be provided at the front of the vehicle body and at a position behind the cab.
  • the center line of rotation of the turntable 8 is located in the middle or front of the vehicle body, and the first section of the boom 1 of the boom device extends toward the rear end of the vehicle body, Wherein at least one boom of the boom device is a bending boom, so that the boom device in the folded state occupies two rows of spaces.
  • the boom device occupies only two columns of space after being folded, and the space layout is reasonable.
  • the turntable 8 since the turntable 8 is arranged in the middle or front of the vehicle body, the first boom frame 1 is hinged with the turntable 8 and extends toward the rear end of the vehicle body, so the length of the first boom frame 1 is not very long. On the one hand, it can be quickly deployed during deployment, improving construction efficiency, and on the other hand, it can improve construction flexibility.
  • the third boom is a bending boom, which includes a first straight arm section, a turning section of the avoidance turntable and a second straight arm section, the first straight arm
  • the section is hinged with the second boom section and folded below the second boom section;
  • the fourth boom section is hinged with the second straight arm section and folded above the second straight arm section.
  • the fourth section of the boom 4 can be a bending boom, so that the fourth section of the boom 4 includes a bending portion suitable for avoiding the turntable 8 .
  • the center line of rotation of the turntable 8 is set in the middle of the vehicle body, and when the boom device is in the folded state, the second boom 2 and the first boom
  • the boom section 1 is hinged and folded above the first section boom 1, the first section boom 1 to the fourth section boom 4 are folded into an R shape, and on the vertical projection plane perpendicular to the length direction of the vehicle body, The projection of the third boom 3 and the projection of the cab at least partially overlap.
  • the boxes of the second boom 2 and the third boom 3 have a large space in the height direction, so that the cross sections of the second boom 2 and the third boom 3 can be made into It is very high, which helps to improve the rigidity and torsion resistance of the second boom 2 and the third boom 3. And since the center line of rotation of the turntable is set in the middle of the vehicle body, the turning arm can be turned relatively gently. Segments are connected with smooth transitions.

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Abstract

一种臂架装置及工程机械，其中臂架装置，用于工程机械，包括依次铰接的至少四节臂架，第一节臂架（1）与工程机械的转台（8）铰接，在臂架装置处于折叠状态时，倒数第二节臂架和倒数第三节臂架铰接且处于同一条直线上，倒数第一节臂架与倒数第二节臂架铰接且位于倒数第二节臂架的上方，倒数第一节臂架的长度小于或等于倒数第二节臂架的长度。工程机械包括驾驶室、位于驾驶室后方的车身、设置在车身上的转台(8)、臂架装置。倒数第一节臂架、倒数第二节臂架、倒数第三节臂架均不会很长，从而可使该臂架装置布料更加灵活，布料的范围更广。

Description

臂架装置及工程机械
本申请要求于2021年03月31日提交到中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202110353320.5、发明名称为“臂架装置及工程机械”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及机械技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种臂架装置及工程机械。
背景技术
混凝土泵车具有转台和设置在转台上的臂架装置。臂架装置包括多节臂架，通过驱动装置的驱动，多节臂架可以展开、收拢、旋转和折叠等。臂架装置上固定有输送管，输送管跟随臂架装置一起移动，可以将混凝土输送到指定的位置。当混凝土泵车处于非工作状态时，多节臂架折叠起来以尽量减小混凝土泵车所占据的空间。
臂架装置在折叠状态时，因其在高度方向上受到约束，导致在竖直方向上的布置空间较小。因此，充分利用竖直方向的空间将臂架装置紧凑地折叠起来，对于增加臂架装置的总长度和提高臂架装置布料的灵活性而言非常关键。目前，混凝土泵车的臂架装置的折叠方式主要有R形、Z形以及RZ形等折叠方式。R形折叠方式是指多节臂架以卷绕或卷合的方式朝向一个方向例如顺时针方向折叠，朝相反方向例如逆时针方向展开。Z形折叠方式是指多节臂架以依次相反的方向折叠或者展开。RZ形是R形和Z形的组合。
在现有技术中，末端的几节架臂主要有以下几种结构形式：1)末端两节臂架均为整臂架，不断开；2)最后一节臂架断开两节，展开角度约为90-180°，倒数第二节臂架为整臂架。现有技术中的臂架灵活性不足。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本申请的一个目的在于克服现有技术中的臂架灵活性不足的缺陷， 从而提供一种臂架灵活性较好的臂架装置。
本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种工程机械。
为了实现上述目的，本申请第一方面的技术方案提供了一种臂架装置，用于工程机械，包括依次铰接的至少四节臂架，第一节臂架与工程机械的转台铰接，在所述臂架装置处于折叠状态时，倒数第二节臂架和倒数第三节臂架铰接且处于同一条直线上，倒数第一节臂架与所述倒数第二节臂架铰接且位于所述倒数第二节臂架的上方，倒数第一节臂架的长度小于或等于倒数第二节臂架的长度。
可选地，倒数第四节臂架与倒数第三节臂架铰接且位于倒数第三节臂架的下方，其中，倒数第四节臂架与倒数第三节臂架之间设有第一连杆和第一油缸，倒数第三节臂架与倒数第二节臂架之间设有第二连杆和第二油缸，倒数第二节臂架与倒数第一节臂架之间设有第三连杆和第三油缸，当所述臂架装置处于展开状态时，所述第一连杆和第一油缸位于倒数第三节臂架的下方，所述第二连杆和第二油缸位于倒数第二节臂架的下方，所述第三连杆和第三油缸位于倒数第一节臂架的下方。
可选地，倒数第三节臂架延伸到工程机械的驾驶室的上方。
可选地，所述倒数第一节臂架相对于所述倒数第二节臂架的展开角度为0-225°。
可选地，所述臂架装置包括至少七节臂架，第四节臂架与第五节臂架延伸至工程机械的驾驶室上方。
可选地，第一节臂架由转台朝向所述工程机械的车身的后端延伸，第二节臂架与第一节臂架铰接且位于第一节臂架的上方，所述第一节臂架至第四节臂架折叠成R型。
本申请第二方面的技术方案提供了一种工程机械，包括驾驶室、位于驾驶室后方的车身、设置在所述车身上的转台、所述的臂架装置，其中，所述臂架装置的第一节臂架与所述转台铰接。
可选地，所述转台的回转中心线位于车身中部或前部，所述臂架装置的第一节臂架朝向所述车身的后端延伸，其中所述臂架装置的至少一节臂架为拐弯臂架，以使所述臂架处于折叠状态时，所述臂架装置占据两列空间。
可选地，第三节臂架为拐弯臂架，其包括第一直臂段、避让所述转台的拐弯段和第二直臂段，第一直臂段与第二节臂架铰接并折叠于第二节臂架的下方；第四节臂架与第二直臂段铰接并折叠于第二直臂段的上方。
可选地，所述转台的回转中心线设在所述车身的中部，在所述臂架装置处于折叠状态时，第二节臂架与第一节臂架铰接并折叠于第一节臂架的上方，所述第一节臂架至第四节臂架折叠成R型，在垂直于车身长度方向的竖直投影面上，第三节臂架的投影与所述驾驶室的投影至少部分重叠。
根据本申请的技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本申请提供的臂架装置，由于臂架装置在处于折叠状态时，倒数第二节臂架和倒数第三节臂架铰接且处于同一直线上，倒数第一节臂架与所述倒数第二节臂架铰接且位于倒数第二节臂架的上方，倒数第一节臂架的长度小于或等于倒数第二节臂架的长度，倒数第一节臂架、倒数第二节臂架、倒数第三节臂架均不会很长，从而可使该臂架装置布料更加灵活，布料的范围更广。
2.本申请提供的臂架装置，倒数第四节臂架与倒数第三节臂架铰接且位于倒数第三节臂架的下方，其中，倒数第四节臂架与倒数第三节臂架之间设有第一连杆和第一油缸，倒数第三节臂架与倒数第二节臂架之间设有第二连杆和第二油缸，倒数第二节臂架与倒数第一节臂架之间设有第三连杆和第三油缸，当所述臂架装置处于展开状态时，所述第一连杆和第一油缸位于倒数第三节臂架的下方，所述第二连杆和第二油缸位于倒数第二节臂架的下方，所述第三连杆和第三油缸位于倒数第一节臂架的下方。这样设置使得油缸均为压缩油缸，承受力更好。
3.本申请提供的臂架装置，所述倒数第一节臂架相对于所述倒数第二节臂架的展开角度为0-225°，最后一节臂架的展开角度范围较大，从而可进一步提升施工的灵活性。
4.本申请提供的臂架装置，第四节臂架与第五节臂架延伸至工程机械的驾驶室上方。能够充分利用驾驶室上方的空间，使得第四节臂架和第五节臂架的长度更长，或者使工程机械的长度缩短。
5.本申请提供的臂架装置，第一节臂架由转台朝向所述工程机械的车身的后端延伸，第二节臂架与第一节臂架铰接且位于第一节臂架的上方，所述第 一节臂架至第四节臂架折叠成R型。需要朝前施工时，只需将第一节臂架展开即可，与现有技术中需要旋转180°相比，可提升施工效率，同时第一节臂架至第四节臂架折叠成R型，能够充分利用车身上方的空间，有利于提升该臂架装置的节数及灵活性。
6.本申请提供的工程机械，所述转台的回转中心线设在所述车身的中部，在所述臂架装置处于折叠状态时，第二节臂架与第一节臂架铰接并折叠于第一节臂架的上方，所述第一节臂架至第四节臂架折叠成R型，在垂直于车身长度方向的竖直投影面上，第三节臂架的投影与所述驾驶室的投影至少部分重叠。使得第二节臂架和第三节臂架箱体在高度方向上的空间很大，从而可将第二节臂架和第三节臂架箱体截面做得很高，有助于提升第二节臂架和第三节臂架的刚性和抗扭性，且由于转台的回转中心线设在车身的中部，可使拐弯臂架拐弯比较平缓。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为现有技术中的臂架装置的末端两节臂架在折叠状态下的结构示意图；
图2为现有技术中的臂架装置的末端三节臂架在折叠状态下的结构示意图；
图3为本申请的实施例中提供的臂架装置的后四节臂架在折叠状态下的结构示意图；
图4为本申请的实施例中提供的臂架装置的前三节臂架在折叠状态下的结构示意图；
图5为本申请的实施例中提供的工程机械包含有前四节臂架的结构示意图；
图6为图5的俯视图；
图7为本申请的实施例中提供的泵车在一个实施方式中的结构示意图；
图8为图7的简化图；
图9为本申请的实施例中提供的工程机械在另一个实施方式中的示意图。
其中，图1至图9中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：
1、第一节臂架；2、第二节臂架；3、第三节臂架；4、第四节臂架；5、第五节臂架；6、第六节臂架；7、第七节臂架；8、转台。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例一
在现有技术中，末端的几节架臂主要有以下几种结构形式：1)如图1所示，末端两节臂架均为整臂架，不断开；2)最后一节臂架断开两节，展开角度约为90-180°，如图2所示，倒数第二节臂架为整臂架。现有技术中的臂架 灵活性不足。
为此，如图3至图9所示，本实施例提供了一种臂架装置，能够提升臂架的灵活性。在一个实施方式中，臂架装置用于工程机械，包括依次铰接的至少四节臂架，第一节臂架与工程机械的转台铰接，在臂架装置处于折叠状态时，倒数第二节臂架和倒数第三节臂架铰接且处于同一条直线上，倒数第一节臂架与倒数第二节臂架铰接且位于倒数第二节臂架的上方，倒数第一节臂架的长度小于或等于倒数第二节臂架的长度。
本实施方式提供的泵车，由于臂架装置在处于折叠状态时，倒数第二节臂架和倒数第三节臂架铰接且处于同一直线上，倒数第一节臂架与倒数第二节臂架铰接且位于倒数第二节臂架的上方，倒数第一节臂架的长度小于或等于倒数第二节臂架的长度，倒数第一节臂架、倒数第二节臂架、倒数第三节臂架均不会很长，从而可使该臂架装置布料更加灵活，布料的范围更广。
在上述实施方式的基础上，在一个优选的实施方式中，倒数第四节臂架与倒数第三节臂架铰接且位于倒数第三节臂架的下方，其中，倒数第四节臂架与倒数第三节臂架之间设有第一连杆和第一油缸，倒数第三节臂架与倒数第二节臂架之间设有第二连杆和第二油缸，倒数第二节臂架与倒数第一节臂架之间设有第三连杆和第三油缸，当臂架装置处于展开状态时，第一连杆和第一油缸位于倒数第三节臂架的下方，第二连杆和第二油缸位于倒数第二节臂架的下方，第三连杆和第三油缸位于倒数第一节臂架的下方。在本实施方式中，油缸均为压缩油缸，承受力更好。
在上述实施方式的基础上，在一个优选的实施方式中，倒数第三节臂架延伸到工程机械的驾驶室的上方。在该实施方式中，能够充分利用驾驶室上方的空间，从而使得第三节臂架的长度更长，或者使工程机械的长度缩短。
在上述实施方式的基础上，在一个优选的实施方式中，倒数第一节臂架相对于倒数第二节臂架的展开角度为0-225°。在该实施方式中，最后一节臂架的展开角度较大，从而可进一步提升施工的灵活性。
在上述实施方式的基础上，在一个优选的实施方式中，臂架装置包括至少七节臂架，第四节臂架与第五节臂架延伸至工程机械的驾驶室上方。如图3和图7、图8所示，臂架装置包括七节臂架，在其他可替换的实施方式中，臂 架装置可包括八节或更多节臂架。在该实施方式中，能够充分利用驾驶室上方的空间，使得第四节臂架4和第五节臂架5的长度更长，或者使泵车的长度缩短。
具体在一个实施方式中，臂架装置包括七节臂架，第一节臂架由转台朝向工程机械的车身的后端延伸，第二节臂架与第一节臂架铰接且位于第一节臂架的上方，第一节臂架至第四节臂架折叠成R型。具体的，如图8所示，在臂架装置处于折叠状态时，第一节臂架1朝向车身的后端延伸，第二节臂架2呈逆时针折叠在第一节臂架1的上方，第三节臂架3呈逆时针折叠在第二节臂架2的下方，第四节臂架4呈逆时针折叠在第三节臂架3的上方，第五节臂架5呈顺时针折叠在第四节臂架4的上方，第五节臂架5和第六节臂架6处于同一直线上，第七节臂架7呈逆时针折叠在第六节臂架6的上方。在该实施方式中，第五节臂架5即为倒数第三节臂架，第六节臂架6即为倒数第二节臂架，第七节臂架7即为倒数第一节臂架。
在一个可替换的实施方式中，臂架装置包括七节臂架，在臂架装置处于折叠状态时，第四节臂架4、第五节臂架5、第六节臂架6、第七节臂架7折叠成R形，且第五节臂架5和第六节臂架6处于同一条直线上。如图9所示，在臂架装置处于折叠状态时，第一节臂架1朝向车身的后端延伸，第二节臂架2呈逆时针折叠在第一节臂架1的上方，第三节臂架3呈逆时针折叠在第二节臂架2的下方，第四节臂架4呈逆时针折叠在第三节臂架3的上方，第五节臂架5呈顺时针折叠在第四节臂架4的上方，第五节臂架5和第六节臂架6处于同一直线上，第七节臂架7呈顺时针折叠在第六节臂架6的下方。同时由于第一节臂架1至第四节臂架4呈逆时针折叠成R形，需要朝前施工时，只需将第一节臂架1展开即可，与现有技术中需要旋转180°相比，可提升施工效率。第一节臂架1至第四节臂架4逆时针折叠成R型，能够充分利用车身上方的空间，有利于提升该臂架装置的节数及灵活性。
实施例二
本实施例提供了一种工程机械。在一个实施方式中，工程机械包括驾驶室、位于驾驶室后方的车身、设置在车身上的转台、实施例1中提供的臂架装置，臂架装置的第一节臂架与转台铰接。具体的，工程机械可为泵车、消防车等。 需要说明的是，车身的前三分之一称为车身的前部，车身的中间三分之一称为车身的中部，车身的后三分之一称为车身的后部。
由于本实施方式提供的工程机械包括上述实施例中提供的臂架装置，因此该工程机械布料范围灵活，布料的范围更广。在一个可替换的实施方式中，转台8可设在车身前部并位于驾驶室后方的位置处。
在上述实施方式的基础上，在一个优选的实施方式中，转台8的回转中心线位于车身中部或前部，所述臂架装置的第一节臂架1朝向所述车身的后端延伸，其中所述臂架装置的至少一节臂架为拐弯臂架，以使处于折叠状态的臂架装置占据两列空间。在该实施方式中，臂架装置在折叠后只占据两列空间，空间布局合理。且在该实施方式中，由于转台8设在车身的中部或前部，第一节臂架1与转台8铰接，并朝向车身的后端延伸，第一节臂架1的长度不是很长，一方面在展开时能快速展开，提高施工效率，另一方面能够提升施工灵活性。
在上述实施方式的基础上，在一个优选的实施方式中，第三节臂架为拐弯臂架，其包括第一直臂段、避让转台的拐弯段和第二直臂段，第一直臂段与第二节臂架铰接并折叠于第二节臂架的下方；第四节臂架与第二直臂段铰接并折叠于第二直臂段的上方。在该实施方式中，在一列空间中只布置第一节臂架1、第二节臂架2两根大臂架和第一直臂段，在另一列空间中布置第二直臂段和其余小臂架，空间布局合理。在一个可替换的实施方式中，可使第四节臂架4为拐弯臂架，使第四节臂架4包括适于与转台8避让的拐弯部。
在上述实施方式的基础上，在一个优选的实施方式中，转台8的回转中心线设在所述车身的中部，在所述臂架装置处于折叠状态时，第二节臂架2与第一节臂架1铰接并折叠于第一节臂架1的上方，所述第一节臂架1至第四节臂架4折叠成R型，在垂直于车身长度方向的竖直投影面上，第三节臂架3的投影与所述驾驶室的投影至少部分重叠。在该实施方式中，第二节臂架2和第三节臂架3箱体在高度方向上的空间很大，从而可将第二节臂架2和第三节臂架3箱体截面做得很高，有助于提升第二节臂架2和第三节臂架3的刚性和抗扭性。且由于转台的回转中心线设在车身的中部，可使拐弯臂架拐弯比较平缓，当拐弯臂架为第三节臂架3时，可使拐弯段和第一直臂段、第二直臂段平滑过渡连接。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本申请的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种臂架装置，用于工程机械，其中，包括依次铰接的至少四节臂架，第一节臂架(1)与工程机械的转台铰接，在所述臂架装置处于折叠状态时，倒数第二节臂架和倒数第三节臂架铰接且处于同一条直线上，倒数第一节臂架与所述倒数第二节臂架铰接且位于所述倒数第二节臂架的上方，倒数第一节臂架的长度小于或等于倒数第二节臂架的长度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的臂架装置，其中，倒数第四节臂架与倒数第三节臂架铰接且位于倒数第三节臂架的下方，其中，倒数第四节臂架与倒数第三节臂架之间设有第一连杆和第一油缸，倒数第三节臂架与倒数第二节臂架之间设有第二连杆和第二油缸，倒数第二节臂架与倒数第一节臂架之间设有第三连杆和第三油缸，当所述臂架装置处于展开状态时，所述第一连杆和第一油缸位于倒数第三节臂架的下方，所述第二连杆和第二油缸位于倒数第二节臂架的下方，所述第三连杆和第三油缸位于倒数第一节臂架的下方。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的臂架装置，其中，倒数第三节臂架延伸到工程机械的驾驶室的上方。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的臂架装置，其中，所述倒数第一节臂架相对于所述倒数第二节臂架的展开角度为0-225°。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的臂架装置，其中，所述臂架装置包括至少七节臂架，第四节臂架(4)与第五节臂架(5)延伸至工程机械的驾驶室上方。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的臂架装置，其中，所述第一节臂架(1)由转台朝向所述工程机械的车身的后端延伸，第二节臂架(2)与第一节臂架(1)铰接且位于第一节臂架(1)的上方，所述第一节臂架(1)至第四节臂架(4)折叠成R型。
  7. 一种工程机械，其中，包括驾驶室、位于驾驶室后方的车身、设置在所述车身上的转台(8)、如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的臂架装置，所述臂架装置的第一节臂架(1)与所述转台(8)铰接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的工程机械，其中，所述转台(8)的回转中心线位于车身中部或前部，所述臂架装置的第一节臂架(1)朝向所述车身的后端 延伸，其中所述臂架装置的至少一节臂架为拐弯臂架，以使所述臂架装置在处于折叠状态时，所述臂架装置占据两列空间。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的工程机械，其中，第三节臂架(3)为拐弯臂架，其包括第一直臂段、避让所述转台(8)的拐弯段和第二直臂段，第一直臂段与第二节臂架(2)铰接并折叠于第二节臂架(2)的下方；第四节臂架(4)与第二直臂段铰接并折叠于第二直臂段的上方。
  10. 根据权利要求7-9任意一项所述的工程机械，其中，所述转台(8)的回转中心线设在所述车身的中部，在所述臂架装置处于折叠状态时，第二节臂架(2)与第一节臂架(1)铰接并折叠于第一节臂架(1)的上方，所述第一节臂架(1)至第四节臂架(4)折叠成R型，在垂直于车身长度方向的竖直投影面上，第三节臂架(3)的投影与所述驾驶室的投影至少部分重叠。
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