WO2022205508A1 - 一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022205508A1 WO2022205508A1 PCT/CN2021/087420 CN2021087420W WO2022205508A1 WO 2022205508 A1 WO2022205508 A1 WO 2022205508A1 CN 2021087420 W CN2021087420 W CN 2021087420W WO 2022205508 A1 WO2022205508 A1 WO 2022205508A1
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- thermal insulation
- layer
- decorative board
- protective layer
- reinforced
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/0015—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon on multilayered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of energy-saving buildings, and in particular relates to an enhanced thermal insulation decorative board based on inorganic light aggregates and a preparation method.
- thermal insulation decorative panel combines the prefabricated building with the energy-saving building in a prefabricated way, realizing the integration of thermal insulation and decoration, and shortening the construction period.
- thermal insulation decorative boards are classified into organic types, organic modified types and inorganic types according to different materials of thermal insulation materials.
- organic and organically modified thermal insulation materials are flammable and easy to cause major fires, and will be gradually eliminated by the market; inorganic thermal insulation decorative panels usually use rock wool, glass wool and other thermal insulation materials as thermal insulation materials, and then pass through adhesives. Adhere decorative panels to make thermal insulation decorative panels.
- the thermal insulation decorative boards rock wool and glass wool boards are easy to absorb moisture and expand, and the shape of the thermal insulation board changes repeatedly during the environmental dry-wet cycle, and the thermal insulation system is always in an unstable state, leaving potential safety hazards; at the same time, thermal insulation
- the adhesive used in the composite process of decorative panels is used for a long time, it is prone to aging and failure, resulting in the accident of external wall falling off;
- the decorative panels can be made of slate, calcium silicate board or metal plate, among which the weight per unit area of slate increases the external wall. Wall load, calcium silicate board is easy to absorb moisture and deform, peel and have poor anchoring force, and the metal panel has high density and high cost.
- the embodiment of the present invention proposes a reinforced thermal insulation decorative board based on inorganic light aggregates and a preparation method.
- the non-combustibility, durability and impact resistance of thermal insulation decorative panels shorten the production cycle of thermal insulation decorative panels based on inorganic lightweight aggregates; no additional panel materials are required, which reduces the load; and the shape of the thermal insulation layer material is stable and does not deform, improving the performance of the thermal insulation layer.
- the quality and safety performance of thermal insulation decorative panels while reducing costs.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides an reinforced thermal insulation decorative board based on inorganic lightweight aggregates, the reinforced thermal insulation decorative board sequentially includes a thermal insulation layer, a reinforced protective layer and a finishing layer; wherein,
- the thermal insulation layer adopts a semi-dry mixed material of inorganic light aggregates, cement, additives and water, and is formed together with the reinforced protective layer at one time.
- the one-time molding of the thermal insulation layer and the reinforced protective layer is realized by molding.
- the upper part of the thermal insulation layer and the overall four sides of the reinforced protective layer are in the shape of steps with a slight slope.
- the reinforcing protective layer includes a lower layer filler, a reinforcing mesh and an upper layer filler.
- the reinforcing mesh is a steel mesh or a mesh cloth.
- the additives in the thermal insulation layer include one or more of cement adjuvants, polymer modifiers and water repellents.
- the finishing layer is paint.
- an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing an enhanced thermal insulation decorative board based on inorganic lightweight aggregates, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
- Step B designing the upper die of the forming press, and the shape of the upper die is the preset shape of the reinforced protective layer;
- Step C adding a semi-dry mixed material of inorganic lightweight aggregate, cement, additives and water into the lower mold frame as a thermal insulation material, and smoothing the upper surface;
- Step D continue to fill the lower layer filler, the reinforcing mesh, and the upper layer filler of the reinforced protective layer on the upper surface of the thermal insulation material in the lower mold frame in turn;
- Step E pressing the upper mold into the lower mold frame by the molding press, so that the thermal insulation layer and the reinforced protective layer are formed at one time;
- step F the formed embryo body is cured in saturated steam into a semi-finished product, dried, and then coated with a decorative surface layer to obtain an enhanced thermal insulation decorative board.
- step B it also includes:
- Step A when the reinforcing mesh in the reinforcing protective layer is a steel mesh, a punching machine is used to punch the steel mesh into a stepped shape with the same cross-section as the upper die and four sides with slopes.
- the preset shape is a stepped shape with slopes on four sides.
- the thermal insulation layer and the reinforced protective layer are formed once in the production process, so that the process of the thermal insulation decorative board is reduced during the construction process, the production period is shortened, and the quality of the thermal insulation decorative board is improved;
- the used finishing layer is paint, which improves the product quality and reduces the production cost.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an enhanced thermal insulation decorative panel based on inorganic lightweight aggregates provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing an enhanced thermal insulation decorative panel based on inorganic lightweight aggregates provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper mold for one-time molding in the process shown in FIG. 2 .
- the embodiments of the present invention provide an enhanced thermal insulation decorative board based on inorganic light aggregates, which improves the safety, reliability, convenience and economy of the external wall thermal insulation system, and simultaneously realizes large-scale mass production.
- the reinforced thermal insulation decorative board based on inorganic lightweight aggregates includes a thermal insulation layer 1, a reinforced protective layer 2 and a decorative layer 3 in sequence; wherein, the thermal insulation layer 1 is made of inorganic lightweight aggregates, cement , a semi-dry mixed material of additives and water, and is prepared by one-time molding with the reinforced protective layer 2.
- the one-time molding of the thermal insulation layer 1 and the reinforced protective layer 2 is realized by molding.
- the additives in the thermal insulation layer 1 include one or more materials such as cement additives, polymer modifiers and water repellents.
- the upper part of the thermal insulation layer 1 and the reinforced protective layer 2 are integrally formed into a stepped shape with slopes on four sides.
- the compaction and edge sealing of the thermal insulation layer is formed by the step shape with slopes on the four sides.
- the assembly of multiple thermal insulation decorative panels can be completed by setting the corresponding anchors at the low platform of the steps. safety performance.
- the reinforced protective layer 2 includes a lower layer filler 21 , a reinforcing mesh 22 and an upper layer filler 23 .
- the reinforcing mesh is steel mesh (eg, hot-dip galvanized electric-welded steel mesh) or mesh cloth (eg, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth).
- steel mesh eg, hot-dip galvanized electric-welded steel mesh
- mesh cloth eg, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth
- the finishing layer is paint.
- Embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for preparing an enhanced thermal insulation decorative board based on inorganic light aggregates. As shown in Figure 2, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
- Step A when the reinforcing mesh in the reinforced protective layer is made of steel mesh, firstly use a punching machine to punch the steel mesh into the same shape as the upper die, which is a stepped shape with slopes on four sides; when mesh cloth is used, it is omitted. this step.
- Step B designing the upper mold of the forming press, and the shape of the upper mold is the overall preset shape of the reinforced protective layer.
- step C a semi-dry mixed material of inorganic light aggregate, cement, additives and water is added into the lower mold frame as a thermal insulation material, and the upper surface is smoothed.
- the thickness of the thermal insulation material is adjusted according to actual needs.
- the additive includes one or more materials such as cement adjuvant, polymer modifier and water repellent.
- step D the upper surface of the thermal insulation material in the lower mold frame is continuously filled with the lower layer filler, the reinforcing mesh and the upper layer filler of the reinforcing protective layer in sequence.
- Tertiary fillers are shown in Figure 2 as D1, D2 and D3, respectively.
- the lower layer filler and the upper layer filler are semi-dry mixed materials of cement, quartz sand, additives and water, and the thicknesses are both 2-4mm.
- a lower filler layer, a reinforcing mesh and an upper filler layer are formed, and finally a reinforced protective layer embedded with the reinforcing mesh is formed.
- step E the upper mold is pressed in by a molding press, and the molding is performed at one time.
- the press-in process is shown as E1 and E2, respectively, in FIG. 2 .
- step F the formed embryo body is cured in saturated steam into a semi-finished product, dried, and then coated with a decorative surface layer to obtain an enhanced thermal insulation decorative board.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides an enhanced thermal insulation decorative board based on inorganic lightweight aggregates and a preparation method.
- the thermal insulation decorative board is designed to sequentially include thermal insulation layers based on inorganic lightweight aggregates.
- the three-layer structure of the reinforced protective layer and the facing layer, and the thermal insulation layer and the reinforced protective layer are formed at one time into a shape that is easy to assemble, such as a stepped shape with a slight slope on the four sides, and a reinforcing mesh (heat-resistant) is embedded in the reinforced protective layer.
- Galvanized welded wire mesh or alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth ensures the impact resistance and crack resistance of the thermal insulation decorative board; inorganic lightweight aggregates, cement and various additives are used to be mixed and then compacted and cured as thermal insulation layer materials.
- the shape of the thermal insulation decorative board is stable and not deformed; at the same time, because it is a non-combustible material, the hidden danger of fire caused by the thermal insulation material is eliminated.
- the insulating layer and the reinforced protective layer are formed at one time, which simplifies the preparation process, greatly shortens the production cycle, and can realize mass production; Layer coating can adapt to different building facade design requirements, improve product quality and reduce production costs.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板及制备方法，属于节能建筑领域。所述增强型保温装饰板依次包括保温层（1）、增强保护层（2）和饰面层（3），保温层（1）采用无机轻集料、水泥、添加剂与水的半干混合材料，且与所述增强保护层（2）一次成型；增强保护层（2）采用水泥、石英砂、添加剂及水的半干混合料，且内嵌增强网（22）；所述保温层（1）上部及增强保护层（2）整体的四边呈略带斜坡的台阶形。其保证了保温装饰板的不燃性、耐久性、锚固可靠性及抗冲击性能，缩短了基于无机轻集料的保温装饰板的生产周期；无需额外增设面板材料，减轻了荷载；且形体稳定不变形，提高了保温装饰板的质量和安全性能，同时降低了成本。
Description
本发明属于节能建筑领域，具体涉及一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板及制备方法。
在节能建筑中，通常采用在外墙外侧安装保温系统的做法。传统的薄抹灰保温系统在实际应用中暴露出脱落、开裂等问题，而且其施工工期长。而保温装饰板，以预制的方式将装配式建筑与节能建筑相结合，实现保温性与装饰性一体化的同时，缩短了施工工期。
现有技术中，保温装饰板按保温材料材质不同，分为有机类、有机改性类、无机类。其中，有机类、有机改性类保温材料易燃，容易引起重大火灾，将被市场逐渐淘汰；无机类保温装饰板，通常采用岩棉、玻璃棉等保温板材作为保温材料，再通过胶黏剂粘合装饰面板，做成保温装饰板。但是，上述无机类保温装饰板中，岩棉、玻璃棉板材易吸潮膨胀，在环境干湿循环过程中保温板材形体反复变化，保温系统始终处于不稳定状态，留下安全隐患；同时，保温装饰板复合过程采用的胶黏剂长时间使用时，易出现老化失效，造成外墙脱落事故；另外，装饰面板可以采用石板、硅钙板或金属板等，其中石板单位面积质量重而增加外墙荷载，硅钙板易吸潮变形、脱皮且锚固力差，金属面板密度高且成本高。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明实施例提出了一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板及制备方法，所述保温装饰板的保温层与增强保护层一次成型，保证了保温装饰板的不燃性、耐久性及抗冲击性能，缩短了基于无机轻集料的保温装饰板的生产周期；无需额外增设面板材料，减轻了荷载；且保温层材料形体稳定不变形，提高了保温装饰板的质量和安全性能，同时降低了成本。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，所述增强型保温装饰板依次包括保温层、增强保护层和饰面层；其中，
所述保温层采用无机轻集料、水泥、添加剂与水的半干混合材料，且与所述增强保护层一次成型。
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，所述保温层与增强保护层的一次成型，采用模压成型的方式实现。
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，所述保温层上部及增强保护层整体的四边呈略带斜坡的台阶形。作为本发明的一个优选实施例，所述增强保护层，包括下层填料、增强网及上层填料。
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，所述增强网为钢丝网或网格布。
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，所述保温层中的添加剂，包括水泥助剂、聚合物改性剂和憎水剂中的一种或多种材料。
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，所述饰面层为涂料。
第二方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板制备方法，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
步骤B，设计成型压机的上模，所述上模形状为增强保护层预设形状；
步骤C，在下模框内加入无机轻集料、水泥、添加剂与水的半干混合材料作为保温材料，上表面抹平；
步骤D，继续在下模框内保温材料上表面依次填入增强保护层的下层填料、增强网、上层填料；
步骤E，通过成型压机将上模压入下模框内，使保温层和增强保护层一次成型；
步骤F，成型后的胚体在饱和蒸汽中养护成半成品后，烘干，再在表面涂装饰面层，得到增强型保温装饰板。
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，在步骤B前还包括：
步骤A，当增强保护层中的增强网采用钢丝网时，采用冲压机将所述钢丝网冲压成与上模具相同的截面为四边带有斜坡的台阶形。
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，所述预设形状为四边带有斜坡的台阶形。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
1、将保温层和增强保护层在生产过程中进行一次成型，使得保温装饰板在施工过程中工序降低，缩短了生产工期，提高了保温装饰板的质量；
2、利用无机轻集料作为保温板的材料，产品质量好，不易着火和老化，且形体稳定不变形，提高了保温装饰板的质量和安全性能；
3、所用饰面层为涂料，提高了产品质量，降低了生产成本。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例所提供的基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例所提供的基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板制备方法流程示意图；
图3为图2所示流程中一次成型的上模结构示意图。
下面通过参考示范性实施例，对本发明技术问题、技术方案和优点进行详细阐明。以下所述示范性实施例仅用于解释本发明，而不能解释为对本发明的限制。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，除非另外定义，这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是，诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义，并且除非在这里进行定义，否则不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，除非特意声明，这里使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”、“所述”和“该”也可包括复数形式。应该进一步理解的是，本发明的说明书中使用的措辞“包括”是指存在所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、 元件、组件和/或它们的组。应该理解，当我们称元件被“连接”或“耦接”到另一元件时，它可以直接连接或耦接到其他元件，或者也可以存在中间元件。此外，这里使用的“连接”或“耦接”可以包括无线连接或耦接。这里使用的措辞“和/或”包括一个或更多个相关联的列出项的任一单元和全部组合。
本发明实施方式提供了一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，提高外墙保温系统的安全可靠性、使用便利性、经济性，同时实现大规模批量生产。如图1所示，所述基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，依次包括保温层1、增强保护层2和饰面层3；其中，所述保温层1采用无机轻集料、水泥、添加剂与水的半干混合材料，且与所述增强保护层2一次成型而制得。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，所述保温层1与增强保护层2的一次成型，采用模压成型的方式实现。
所述保温层1中的添加剂，包括水泥助剂、聚合物改性剂和憎水剂等一种或多种材料。
所述保温层1上部与增强保护层2整体成四边带有斜坡的台阶形。通过四边带有斜坡的台阶形，形成保温层的压实及封边，在台阶的低平台处可通过设置相应的锚固件完成多个保温装饰板的装配，装配时易于施工，保障外墙的安全性能。
所述增强保护层2，包括下层填料21、增强网22及上层填料23。其中，所述增强网为钢丝网(例如，热镀锌电焊钢丝网)或网格布(例如，耐碱玻璃纤维网格布)。当采用钢丝网时，需在制备前使钢丝网形成四边带有斜坡的台阶形。
所述饰面层为涂料。
本发明实施方式还提供了一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板制备方法。如图2所示，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
步骤A，当增强保护层中的增强网采用钢丝网时，首先采用冲压机将所述钢丝网冲压成与上模具相同，为四边带有斜坡的台阶形；当采用网格布时，则省略此步骤。
步骤B，设计成型压机的上模，所述上模形状为增强保护层整体预设形状。
步骤C，在下模框内加入无机轻集料、水泥、添加剂与水的半干混合材料作为保温材料，上表面抹平。所述保温材料厚度根据实际需要进行相应调整。
本步骤中，所述添加剂包括水泥助剂、聚合物改性剂和憎水剂等一种或多种材料。
步骤D，继续在下模框内保温材料上表面依次填入增强保护层的下层填料、增强网、上层填料。在图2中分别以D1、D2和D3展示三次填料。
本步骤中，所述下层填料及上层填料为水泥、石英砂、添加剂与水的半干混合材料，厚度均为2-4mm。通过上述添加过程，形成下填料层、增强网和上层填料层，最终形成内嵌增强网的增强保护层。
步骤E，通过成型压机将上模压入，一次成型。在图2中分别以E1和E2展示压入过程。
步骤F，成型后的胚体在饱和蒸汽中养护成半成品后，烘干，再在表面涂装饰面层，得到增强型保温装饰板。
由以上技术方案可以看出，本发明实施方式所提供的一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板及制备方法，将所述保温装饰板设计为依次包括基于无机轻集料的保温层、增强保护层和饰面层的三层结构，且保温层与增强保护层一次成型，成型为便于装配的形状，如四边略带斜坡的台阶形，在增强保护层内内嵌增强网(热镀锌电焊钢丝网或耐碱玻璃纤维网格布)保证了保温装饰板的抗冲击性能、防裂性能；采用无机轻集料、水泥和各种添加剂混合后压实养护作为保温层材料，环境温湿度变化时所述保温装饰板的体形稳定不变形；同时因其为不燃材料，消除了因保温材料引起火灾的隐患。制备方法中保温层和增强保护层一次成型，简化了制备工艺，大大缩短了生产周期，可实现大规模批量生产；成型并养护烘干后，作为半成品，之后可在其表面进行各种饰面层的涂装，能适应不同的建筑外立面设计要求，提高了产品质量，同时降低了生产成本。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，本发明并不受限于以上所公开的示范性实施例，说明书的实质仅仅是帮助相关领域技术人员综合理解本发明的具体细节。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，在本发明揭露的技术范围做出的若干改进和润饰、可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，其特征在于，所述增强型保温装饰板依次包括保温层、增强保护层和饰面层；其中，所述保温层采用无机轻集料、水泥、添加剂与水的半干混合材料，且与所述增强保护层一次成型。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，其特征在于，所述保温层与增强保护层的一次成型，采用模压成型的方式实现。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，其特征在于，所述保温层上部及增强保护层整体的四边呈略带斜坡的台阶形。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，其特征在于，所述增强保护层采用水泥、石英砂、添加剂及水的半干混合料，且内嵌增强网。
- 根据权利要求4所述的基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，其特征在于，所述增强网为钢丝网或网格布。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，其特征在于，所述保温层中的添加剂，包括水泥助剂、聚合物改性剂和憎水剂中的一种或多种材料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板，其特征在于，所述饰面层为涂料。
- 一种基于无机轻集料的增强型保温装饰板制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：步骤B，设计成型压机的上模，所述上模形状为增强保护层预设形状；步骤C，在下模框内加入无机轻集料、水泥、添加剂与水的半干混合材料作为保温材料，上表面抹平；步骤D，继续在下模框内保温材料上表面依次填入增强保护层的下层填料、增强网、上层填料；步骤E，通过成型压机将上模压入下模框内，使保温层和增强保护层一次成型；步骤F，成型后的胚体在饱和蒸汽中养护成半成品后，烘干，再在表面涂装饰面层，得到增强型保温装饰板。
- 根据权利要求8所述的增强型保温装饰板制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤B前还包括：步骤A，当增强保护层中的增强网采用钢丝网时，采用冲压机将所述钢丝网冲压成与上模具相同的截面为四边带有斜坡的台阶形。
- 根据权利要求8所述的增强型保温装饰板制备方法，其特征在于，所述预设形状为四边略带斜坡的台阶形。
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