WO2022203434A1 - 양극 활물질의 제조방법 - Google Patents
양극 활물질의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022203434A1 WO2022203434A1 PCT/KR2022/004182 KR2022004182W WO2022203434A1 WO 2022203434 A1 WO2022203434 A1 WO 2022203434A1 KR 2022004182 W KR2022004182 W KR 2022004182W WO 2022203434 A1 WO2022203434 A1 WO 2022203434A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- parts
- weight
- transition metal
- metal oxide
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- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002733 tin-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
- C01P2002/54—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants one element only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
- C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
- C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a positive electrode active material.
- the nickel-based positive electrode active material is manufactured by mixing the nickel-based positive electrode active material precursor and the lithium-containing raw material and then firing, in this process, unreacted lithium-containing raw material and by-products, for example, LiOH, Li 2 CO 3 , etc. are produced in the positive electrode.
- a problem of remaining on the surface of the active material occurs.
- a nickel-based positive electrode active material containing nickel in a high content there is a problem in that a large amount of residual lithium is present.
- These by-products may react with the electrolyte to cause problems of long-term performance degradation of the battery (eg, decreased long-term life, increased resistance, etc.) and stability problems (eg, gas generation). In addition, it may cause a gelation phenomenon in the electrode slurry manufacturing process.
- the cathode active material is prepared by mixing and firing the cathode active material precursor and the lithium-containing raw material, and then washing the cathode active material using a water washing solution (ex. deionized water, distilled water, etc.). Residual lithium has been controlled through the water washing process.
- a water washing solution ex. deionized water, distilled water, etc.
- Residual lithium has been controlled through the water washing process.
- there is a method of using a large amount of a water washing solution in the water washing process in order to effectively control the residual lithium but process problems may occur due to using a large amount of the washing solution, and the performance of the battery is lowered due to deterioration of the surface of the positive electrode active material problems may arise.
- the present invention is to solve the above problems, it is possible to minimize the deterioration of the performance of the battery by minimizing the surface deterioration of the positive electrode active material that may occur in the water washing process during the production of the positive electrode active material, and effectively controlling the residual lithium.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a positive electrode active material.
- the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a cathode active material.
- the present invention comprises the steps of (A) preparing a lithium transition metal oxide; (B) mixing the lithium transition metal oxide and a first washing solution to wash the lithium transition metal oxide with water, followed by first filtering; and (C) simultaneously performing a second washing with water and a second filtration with a second washing solution using a filtration device capable of washing and filtering the lithium transition metal oxide that has undergone step (B) at the same time; 2
- the amount of the washing solution is 10 parts by weight to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the first washing solution.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a positive electrode active material according to (1), wherein the lithium transition metal oxide contains 70 mol% or more of nickel among all metals excluding lithium.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a positive electrode active material according to (1) or (2), wherein the lithium transition metal oxide has a composition represented by the following Chemical Formula 1.
- M1 is at least one selected from Mn and Al,
- M2 is at least one selected from Zr, B, W, Mo, Cr, Nb, Mg, Hf, Ta, La, Ti, Sr, Ba, Ce, F, P, S and Y.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a positive electrode active material according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the amount of the first washing solution is 50 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide do.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a positive electrode active material according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the amount of the second washing solution is 5 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide do.
- the present invention according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the sum of the amount of the first washing solution and the amount of the second washing solution is 55 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide It provides a method of manufacturing a positive electrode active material of 150 parts by weight.
- the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a positive electrode active material according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the first washing with water is performed for 5 minutes to 30 minutes.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a positive electrode active material according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the first water washing is performed at a temperature of 5°C to 30°C.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a positive electrode active material according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the second washing is performed for 5 minutes to 30 minutes.
- the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a positive electrode active material according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the second washing is performed at a temperature of 5°C to 30°C.
- the present invention according to any one of (1) to (10), (D) after drying the lithium transition metal oxide that has been subjected to step (C), the dried lithium transition metal oxide is a raw material containing a coating element It provides a method of manufacturing a positive electrode active material further comprising; forming a coating layer by mixing and heat-treating.
- the battery using the positive active material manufactured by the method according to the present invention may have excellent performance, particularly, electrochemical performance and thermal stability.
- 1 is a graph showing the volume change rate at high temperature of a monocell prepared by using the positive active material prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- the present inventors not only can reduce the amount of the water washing solution used in the water washing process during the manufacturing process of the positive electrode active material, but also minimize the surface deterioration of the positive electrode active material generated in the water washing process, and effectively remove the residual lithium. found out and completed the present invention.
- a method of manufacturing a positive active material according to the present invention (A) preparing a lithium transition metal oxide; (B) mixing the lithium transition metal oxide and a first washing solution to wash the lithium transition metal oxide with water, followed by first filtering; and (C) simultaneously performing a second washing with water and a second filtration with a second washing solution using a filtration device capable of washing and filtering the lithium transition metal oxide that has undergone step (B) at the same time.
- the amount of the second washing solution is 10 parts by weight to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the first washing solution.
- the method for manufacturing a cathode active material according to the present invention comprises the steps of (D) drying the lithium transition metal oxide that has undergone the steps (C), mixing the dried lithium transition metal oxide with a raw material containing a coating element, and performing heat treatment to form a coating layer ; may be further included.
- the method for manufacturing a cathode active material according to the present invention includes preparing a lithium transition metal oxide.
- the preparing of the lithium transition metal oxide may include mixing a cathode active material precursor with a lithium-containing raw material and calcining to prepare a lithium transition metal oxide.
- the cathode active material precursor may have, for example, a composition represented by the following Chemical Formula A or Chemical Formula B.
- M1 is at least one selected from Mn and Al
- M2 is Zr, B, W, Mo, Cr, Nb, Mg, Hf, Ta, La, Ti, Sr, Ba, Ce, It may be at least one selected from F, P, S and Y.
- the x denotes an atomic fraction of nickel among metal elements in the precursor, and may be 0.7 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0.7 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.98, or 0.7 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.95.
- the y refers to the atomic fraction of cobalt among the metal elements in the precursor, and may be 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.3 or 0.01 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.3.
- the z denotes an element fraction of the M1 element among the metal elements in the precursor, and may be 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.3 or 0.01 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.3.
- the w denotes the element fraction of the M2 element among the metal elements in the precursor, and may be 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.1, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.05, or 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.02.
- the lithium-containing raw material is, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ), lithium hydroxide (LiOH), LiNO 3 , CH 3 COOLi and Li 2 (COO) 2 It may be at least one , preferably lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ), lithium hydroxide (LiOH), or a combination thereof.
- the cathode active material precursor and the lithium-containing raw material may be mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:1.625, or 1:1 to 1:1.15.
- the lithium-containing raw material is mixed below the above range, there is a risk that the capacity of the cathode active material to be manufactured is lowered.
- the lithium-containing raw material is mixed in excess of the above range, unreacted Li remains as a byproduct, Separation of positive electrode active material particles (causing positive electrode active material impregnation phenomenon) may occur after degradation and firing.
- the calcination may be performed at a temperature of 700°C to 1000°C.
- the calcination temperature is less than 700° C.
- the raw material remains in the particles due to insufficient reaction, which may reduce the high-temperature stability of the battery, and the bulk density and crystallinity may decrease, resulting in poor structural stability.
- the sintering temperature exceeds 1000°C, non-uniform growth of particles may occur, and it may be difficult to disintegrate the particles, thereby reducing capacity.
- the sintering temperature may be more preferably 700°C to 980°C.
- the calcination may be performed for 5 to 35 hours. If the calcination time is less than 5 hours, the reaction time may be too short to obtain a highly crystalline positive active material, and if it exceeds 35 hours, the particle size may become excessively large, and production efficiency may be reduced.
- the lithium transition metal oxide may contain 70 mol% or more of nickel among all metals excluding lithium.
- the lithium transition metal oxide may have a composition represented by the following formula (1).
- M1 is Mn and at least one selected from Al
- M2 is at least one selected from Zr, B, W, Mo, Cr, Nb, Mg, Hf, Ta, La, Ti, Sr, Ba, Ce, F, P, S and Y can
- the x1 denotes an atomic fraction of nickel among metal elements other than lithium in the lithium transition metal oxide, and may be 0.7 ⁇ x1 ⁇ 1, 0.7 ⁇ x1 ⁇ 0.98, or 0.7 ⁇ x1 ⁇ 0.95.
- the y1 denotes an atomic fraction of cobalt among metal elements other than lithium in the lithium transition metal oxide, and may be 0 ⁇ y1 ⁇ 0.3 or 0.01 ⁇ y1 ⁇ 0.3.
- the z1 denotes an element fraction of the M1 element among metal elements other than lithium in the lithium transition metal oxide, and may be 0 ⁇ z1 ⁇ 0.3 or 0.01 ⁇ z1 ⁇ 0.3.
- the w1 refers to the element fraction of the M2 element among metal elements other than lithium in the lithium transition metal oxide, and may be 0 ⁇ w1 ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ w1 ⁇ 0.1, 0 ⁇ w1 ⁇ 0.05, or 0 ⁇ w1 ⁇ 0.02. .
- the method for manufacturing a positive electrode active material comprises the steps of: first washing the lithium transition metal oxide by mixing the lithium transition metal oxide with a first water washing solution, and then performing a first filtering (step (B)); and (B) simultaneously performing a second washing with water and a second filtration with a second water washing solution using a filtration device capable of washing and filtering the lithium transition metal oxide at the same time (step (C)); do.
- step (B) When the second water washing and the second filtration are simultaneously performed with the second water washing solution using a filtration device capable of simultaneously washing and filtering the lithium transition metal oxide that has undergone step (B), as in step (B), the lithium transition metal The ions remaining on the surface of the positive electrode active material are easily removed, which is advantageous in terms of preventing surface deterioration of the positive electrode active material and reducing residual lithium, rather than mixing an oxide and a water washing solution and then filtering the mixture.
- steps (B) and (C) are sequentially performed, unnecessary ions on the surface of the positive electrode active material can be removed faster than step (B) after performing step (C) first.
- the filtration device capable of simultaneously washing and filtering may be a funnel filter or a filter press, but is not limited thereto.
- the amount of the second washing solution is 10 parts by weight to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the first washing solution.
- the amount of the second washing solution is determined based on the total amount of the first washing solution used in step (B). That is, when performing step (C) by collecting the lithium transition metal oxide that has undergone step (B), the amount of the second washing solution is 10 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the first washing solution used in step (B). It is 50 parts by weight.
- the battery using the positive active material manufactured by the method according to the present invention may have excellent performance, particularly, electrochemical performance and thermal stability.
- the amount of the second washing solution is less than 10 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the first washing solution, ions on the surface of the positive electrode active material may not be sufficiently removed, and when it exceeds 50 parts by weight, the surface and the inside of the positive electrode active material ions can be removed.
- the present invention includes steps (B) and (C) as a water washing process, and not only can reduce the amount of water washing solution used, but also minimize surface deterioration of the cathode active material generated in the water washing process, and residual lithium can be effectively controlled. Accordingly, the battery using the cathode active material manufactured by the method according to the present invention may have excellent performance.
- the present invention even when a lithium transition metal oxide containing a high nickel content is used as shown in Formula 1, if the water washing process as in the present invention is performed, the surface deterioration of the positive electrode active material generated in the water washing process can be minimized. and can effectively control residual lithium, thereby providing a positive electrode active material having excellent performance.
- the amount of the first washing solution may be 50 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide.
- the amount of the first washing solution is less than 50 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide, unnecessary ions on the surface of the positive electrode active material may not be sufficiently removed. There is a risk that lithium inside the active material may escape.
- the amount of the second washing solution may be 5 to 50 parts by weight, specifically 10 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide.
- the sum of the amount of the first washing solution and the amount of the second washing solution is 55 parts by weight to 150 parts by weight, specifically 60 parts by weight to 130 parts by weight, more specifically, based on 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide. may be 60 parts by weight to 125 parts by weight.
- the solvent of the first washing solution and the second washing solution may each independently be at least one selected from deionized water, distilled water, ethanol, and industrial water.
- the solvent of the first washing solution and the second washing solution may be deionized water and/or distilled water. In this case, it may be advantageous to remove the residual lithium present on the surface because the dissolution of lithium is easy.
- the first water washing may be performed for 5 minutes to 30 minutes, specifically 5 minutes to 20 minutes, and more specifically 5 minutes to 15 minutes.
- the first washing time is within the above range, only the residual lithium on the surface is removed, and dissolution of the lithium inserted therein can be suppressed as much as possible.
- the first water washing may be performed at a temperature of 5 °C to 30 °C, specifically 5 °C to 25 °C.
- a temperature within the above range there is an advantage in controlling lithium carbonate, which is well dissolved in a water washing solution at a low temperature.
- the second washing with water may be performed for 5 minutes to 30 minutes, specifically 5 minutes to 20 minutes, and more specifically 5 minutes to 15 minutes.
- the second washing may be performed at a temperature of 5°C to 30°C, specifically, 5°C to 25°C.
- the method for manufacturing a cathode active material according to the present invention further comprises the step of forming a coating layer by drying the lithium transition metal oxide that has undergone step (C), mixing the dried lithium transition metal oxide with a raw material containing a coating element, and heat-treating it can Accordingly, a cathode active material having a coating layer formed on the surface of the lithium transition metal oxide may be manufactured.
- the drying process is a process for removing moisture from the positive electrode active material containing moisture through a water washing process, and may be dried for 12 hours or more under a temperature condition of 100°C to 150°C.
- the metal element included in the coating element-containing raw material may be Zr, B, W, Mo, Cr, Nb, Mg, Hf, Ta, La, Ti, Sr, Ba, Ce, F, P, S and Y, etc. .
- the raw material containing the coating element may be an acetate, nitrate, sulfate, halide, sulfide, hydroxide, oxide or oxyhydroxide containing the metal element.
- boric acid H 3 BO 3
- the raw material containing the coating element may be included in an amount of 200 ppm to 2000 ppm based on the dried lithium transition metal oxide.
- the amount of the raw material containing the coating element is within the above range, the capacity of the battery can be improved, and the resulting coating layer suppresses a direct reaction between the electrolyte and the lithium transition metal oxide, so that the long-term performance characteristics of the battery can be improved.
- the heat treatment may be performed at a temperature of 200 °C to 400 °C.
- the coating layer may be formed while maintaining the structural stability of the transition metal oxide.
- the heat treatment may be performed for 1 hour to 10 hours.
- the heat treatment time is within the above range, an appropriate coating layer may be formed and production efficiency may be improved.
- the present invention may provide a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery including the positive electrode active material prepared by the above-described method.
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector, and a positive electrode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector and including the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery, and for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, or carbon, nickel, titanium on the surface of aluminum or stainless steel. , silver or the like surface-treated may be used.
- the positive electrode current collector may typically have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and may increase the adhesion of the positive electrode active material by forming fine irregularities on the surface of the current collector.
- it may be used in various forms, such as a film, a sheet, a foil, a net, a porous body, a foam, a non-woven body.
- the positive active material layer may include a conductive material and a binder together with the positive active material.
- the positive active material may be included in an amount of 80 wt% to 99 wt%, more specifically 85 wt% to 98 wt%, based on the total weight of the cathode active material layer.
- excellent capacity characteristics may be exhibited.
- the conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the electrode, and in the configured battery, it can be used without any particular limitation as long as it does not cause chemical change and has electronic conductivity.
- Specific examples include graphite such as natural graphite and artificial graphite; carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, and carbon fiber; metal powders or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; or a conductive polymer such as a polyphenylene derivative, and the like, and any one of them or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- the conductive material may be included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt% based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the binder serves to improve adhesion between the positive active material particles and the adhesion between the positive active material and the current collector.
- Specific examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ), starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene polymer (EPDM), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), fluororubber, or various copolymers thereof, and any one of them or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- the binder may be included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt% based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material
- the positive electrode may be manufactured according to a conventional positive electrode manufacturing method except for using the above positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode active material and, optionally, a positive electrode mixture prepared by dissolving or dispersing a binder and a conductive material in a solvent may be coated on a positive electrode current collector, and then dried and rolled.
- the types and contents of the positive electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive material are as described above.
- the positive electrode may be manufactured by casting the positive electrode composite material on a separate support and then laminating a film obtained by peeling it off the support on the positive electrode current collector.
- the solvent may be a solvent generally used in the art, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), isopropyl alcohol (isopropyl alcohol), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), acetone (acetone) or water and the like, and any one of them or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- the amount of the solvent used is enough to dissolve or disperse the positive electrode active material, the conductive material and the binder in consideration of the application thickness of the slurry and the production yield, and to have a viscosity capable of exhibiting excellent thickness uniformity when applied for subsequent positive electrode manufacturing. do.
- the present invention can manufacture an electrochemical device including the positive electrode.
- the electrochemical device may specifically be a battery, a capacitor, or the like, and more specifically, may be a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery specifically includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode positioned to face the positive electrode, and a separator and an electrolyte interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the positive electrode is the same as described above, so detailed description is omitted, Hereinafter, only the remaining components will be described in detail.
- the lithium secondary battery may optionally further include a battery container for accommodating the electrode assembly of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator, and a sealing member for sealing the battery container.
- the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer positioned on the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and for example, copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper or stainless steel surface. Carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc. surface-treated, aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. may be used.
- the negative electrode current collector may have a thickness of typically 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and similarly to the positive electrode current collector, fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the current collector to strengthen the bonding force of the negative electrode active material.
- it may be used in various forms such as a film, a sheet, a foil, a net, a porous body, a foam body, a nonwoven body, and the like.
- the anode active material layer optionally includes a binder and a conductive material together with the anode active material.
- a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium may be used.
- Specific examples include carbonaceous materials such as artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphitized carbon fiber, and amorphous carbon; metal compounds capable of alloying with lithium, such as Si, Al, Sn, Pb, Zn, Bi, In, Mg, Ga, Cd, Si alloy, Sn alloy, or Al alloy; metal oxides capable of doping and dedoping lithium, such as SiO ⁇ (0 ⁇ 2), SnO 2 , vanadium oxide, and lithium vanadium oxide; Alternatively, a composite including the above-mentioned metallic compound and a carbonaceous material such as a Si-C composite or a Sn-C composite may be used, and any one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used.
- a metal lithium thin film may be used as the negative active material.
- both low crystalline carbon and high crystalline carbon may be used.
- low crystalline carbon soft carbon and hard carbon are representative, and as high crystalline carbon, natural or artificial graphite of amorphous, plate-like, scale-like, spherical or fibrous shape, and Kish graphite (Kish) graphite), pyrolytic carbon, mesophase pitch based carbon fiber, meso-carbon microbeads, liquid crystal pitches (Mesophase pitches), and petroleum and coal tar pitch (petroleum or coal tar pitch) High-temperature calcined carbon such as derived cokes) is a representative example.
- the anode active material may be included in an amount of 80 wt% to 99 wt% based on the total weight of the anode active material layer.
- the binder is a component that assists in bonding between the conductive material, the active material, and the current collector, and may be typically added in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the anode active material layer.
- binders include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tetrafluoro and roethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene polymer (EPDM), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber, fluororubber, and various copolymers thereof.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- CMC carboxymethylcellulose
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene polymer
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-
- the conductive material is a component for further improving the conductivity of the anode active material, and may be added in an amount of 10 wt% or less, preferably 5 wt% or less, based on the total weight of the anode active material layer.
- a conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery.
- graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite
- carbon black such as acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black
- conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers
- metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder
- conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
- conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
- Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the negative electrode active material layer is prepared by applying and drying a negative electrode mixture prepared by dissolving or dispersing a negative electrode active material, and optionally a binder and a conductive material in a solvent, on the negative electrode current collector, or casting the negative electrode mixture on a separate support Then, it can be prepared by laminating the film obtained by peeling from the support on the negative electrode current collector.
- the separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for lithium ions to move, and if it is used as a separator in a lithium secondary battery, it can be used without any particular limitation, especially for the movement of ions in the electrolyte It is preferable to have a low resistance to and excellent electrolyte moisture content.
- a porous polymer film for example, a porous polymer film made of a polyolefin-based polymer such as an ethylene homopolymer, a propylene homopolymer, an ethylene/butene copolymer, an ethylene/hexene copolymer, and an ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or these
- a laminated structure of two or more layers of may be used.
- a conventional porous nonwoven fabric for example, a nonwoven fabric made of high melting point glass fiber, polyethylene terephthalate fiber, etc. may be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used, and may optionally be used in a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
- examples of the electrolyte used in the present invention include organic liquid electrolytes, inorganic liquid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes, solid inorganic electrolytes, and molten inorganic electrolytes, which can be used in the manufacture of lithium secondary batteries, and are limited to these. it's not going to be
- the electrolyte may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the organic solvent may be used without any particular limitation as long as it can serve as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- ester solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone
- ether-based solvents such as dibutyl ether or tetrahydrofuran
- ketone solvents such as cyclohexanone
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene and fluorobenzene
- alcohol solvents such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol
- Nitriles such as R-CN (R is a C2-C20 linear, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbon group
- a carbonate-based solvent is preferable, and a cyclic carbonate (eg, ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.) having high ionic conductivity and high dielectric constant capable of increasing the charge/discharge performance of the battery, and a low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compound (for example, a mixture of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate) is more preferable.
- a cyclic carbonate and the chain carbonate are mixed in a volume ratio of about 1:1 to about 1:9, the performance of the electrolyte may be excellent.
- the lithium salt may be used without particular limitation as long as it is a compound capable of providing lithium ions used in a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAl0 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 3 ) 2 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 .
- LiCl, LiI, or LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 and the like may be used.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is preferably used within the range of 0.1M to 2.0M. When the concentration of the lithium salt is included in the above range, since the electrolyte has appropriate conductivity and viscosity, excellent electrolyte performance may be exhibited, and lithium ions may move effectively.
- the electrolyte includes, for example, haloalkylene carbonate-based compounds such as difluoroethylene carbonate, pyridine, tri Ethyl phosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexaphosphoric acid triamide, nitrobenzene derivative, sulfur, quinone imine dye, N-substituted oxazolidinone, N,N-substituted imida
- One or more additives such as taxdine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxyethanol or aluminum trichloride may be further included. In this case, the additive may be included in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
- the lithium secondary battery including the positive electrode active material according to the present invention stably exhibits excellent discharge capacity, output characteristics and lifespan characteristics, so portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, and hybrid electric vehicles ( It is useful in the field of electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicle, HEV).
- a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell and a battery pack including the same are provided.
- the battery module or battery pack is a power tool (Power Tool); electric vehicles, including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); Alternatively, it may be used as a power source for any one or more medium and large-sized devices in a system for power storage.
- Power Tool Power Tool
- electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs);
- PHEVs plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
- the external shape of the lithium secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be a cylindrical shape using a can, a prismatic shape, a pouch type, or a coin type.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention can be used not only in a battery cell used as a power source for a small device, but can also be preferably used as a unit cell in a medium or large battery module including a plurality of battery cells.
- Ni 0.86 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.02 (OH) 2 A precursor having a composition represented by and LiOH were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1.05 and calcined at 780° C. for 10 hours in an oxygen atmosphere, followed by Li[Ni 0.86 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 A lithium transition metal oxide having a composition represented by Al 0.02 ]O 2 was prepared.
- the first washing solution 50 parts by weight of deionized water (the first washing solution) was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide prepared in Preparation Example, and the first washing was performed at 25° C. for 10 minutes, and then the first washing was performed for 5 minutes using a filter press. filtered. Thereafter, 10 parts by weight of deionized water (second washing solution) per 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide was permeated for 5 minutes using a filter press at 25° C.
- the cathode active material was prepared by drying in an oven for 12 hours or more.
- a positive active material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in Example 1, the amounts of the first washing solution and the second washing solution were respectively adjusted as shown in Table 1 below.
- Example 1 the amounts of the first washing solution and the second washing solution were respectively adjusted as shown in Table 1 below, and after drying in a vacuum oven at 130° C. for 12 hours or more, H 3 BO 3 powder was added to the dried lithium transition metal oxide.
- the cathode active material was mixed in a weight of 1000 ppm with respect to the dried lithium transition metal oxide and heat-treated at 300° C. for 5 hours to prepare a cathode active material in which a coating layer was formed on the surface of the lithium transition metal oxide. was prepared.
- 50 parts by weight of deionized water was mixed with respect to 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide prepared in Preparation Example, washed with water at 25° C. for 10 minutes, and then filtered for 5 minutes using a filter press. Thereafter, 50 parts by weight of deionized water was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the lithium transition metal oxide, washed with water at 25° C. for 10 minutes, filtered for 10 minutes using a filter press, and 12 hours in a vacuum oven at 130° C.
- a positive electrode active material was prepared by drying above.
- a positive electrode active material was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that in Comparative Example 1, the amounts of deionized water were adjusted to 75 parts by weight, 110 parts by weight, and 125 parts by weight, respectively.
- H 3 BO 3 powder was mixed with the dried lithium transition metal oxide at a weight of 1000 ppm with respect to the dried lithium transition metal oxide and heat-treated at 300° C. for 5 hours to prepare a cathode active material in which a coating layer was formed on the surface of the lithium transition metal oxide .
- a cathode active material was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that in Comparative Example 6, the amount of deionized water was adjusted to 125 parts by weight.
- a positive active material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in Example 1, the amounts of the first washing solution and the second washing solution were respectively adjusted as shown in Table 1 below.
- Example 1 Amount of first washing solution based on 100 parts by weight of positive electrode active material (parts by weight) Amount of the second washing solution based on 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material (parts by weight) Amount of total washing solution based on 100 parts by weight of positive active material (parts by weight)
- Example 1 50 10 60
- Example 2 50 25 75
- Example 3 100
- Example 4 100 25 125
- Example 5 100
- the sample tube is connected to the port of the BET measuring device (Micromeritiecs Tristar2 3000), and then the relative pressure
- the amount of adsorption when nitrogen gas was adsorbed to the surface of the sample was measured in the 0.01 to 0.2 range, and the surface area per unit weight of the sample was calculated and shown in Table 2 below.
- Example 1 LiOH (weight%) Li 2 CO 3 (weight%) BET specific surface area (m 2 /g)
- Example 1 0.425 0.275 1.4609 Comparative Example 1 0.505 0.373 1.2338
- Example 2 0.255 0.239 1.6675
- Comparative Example 3 0.308 0.308 1.419
- Example 3 0.124 0.224 1.5534
- Comparative Example 4 0.167 0.255 1.4511
- Example 4 0.082 0.172 1.7257
- Comparative Example 5 0.131 0.229 1.5051
- Example 5 0.164 0.322 0.3304
- Comparative Example 6 0.224 0.335 0.5527
- Example 6 0.117 0.311 0.3971 Comparative Example 7 0.205 0.313 0.6207 Comparative Example 2 0.159 0.152 1.4201 Comparative Example 8 0.156 0.196 1.4902
- Comparative Example 9 0.075 0.153 1.7281
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, Example 3 and Comparative Example 4, Example 4 and Comparative Example 5, Example 5 in which the total amount of the washing solution used is the same
- steps (B) and (C) are included, residual lithium can be more effectively controlled.
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured using the positive electrode active material prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples, and the charge/discharge capacity, capacity retention rate at high temperature, and resistance increase rate for each lithium secondary battery were evaluated.
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing each of the positive electrode active materials prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples, a carbon black conductive material and a PVdF binder in an NMP solvent in a weight ratio of 97.5:1.0:1.5.
- the positive electrode slurry was applied to one surface of an aluminum current collector, dried at 130° C., and then rolled to prepare a positive electrode. Meanwhile, a Li metal disk was used as an anode active material.
- An electrode assembly was prepared by interposing a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode prepared above, and then placed inside the battery case, and then the electrolyte was injected into the case to prepare a lithium secondary battery. At this time, an electrolyte solution obtained by dissolving 1M LiPF 6 in an EC/EMC/DMC (3/3/4, vol%) organic solvent was injected as an electrolyte to prepare a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery prepared as described above was charged with a constant current at 25° C. with a current of 0.1C until the voltage reached 4.3V, and then was discharged with a constant current of 0.1C until the voltage reached 3.0V.
- Table 3 shows the charge capacity, the discharge capacity, the charge and discharge efficiency, and DCIR.
- steps (B) and (C) when steps (B) and (C) are included, the residual lithium can be more effectively controlled, and the charging and discharging efficiency is more excellent. And it can be confirmed that the DCIR value is smaller, and it can be confirmed that the cycle characteristics are particularly excellent.
- the amount of the second washing solution is 10 to 50 parts by weight compared to 100 parts by weight of the first washing solution as in the present invention. In this case, it can be confirmed that the charging/discharging efficiency is more excellent and the cycle characteristics are particularly excellent.
- Comparative Example 8 in which the amount of the second washing solution is less than 10 parts by weight compared to 100 parts by weight of the first washing solution, ions on the surface of the positive electrode active material are not sufficiently removed, so the charging/discharging efficiency is low, the DCIR value is high, and cycle characteristics You can see this is not good.
- step (C) in which step (C) was not included and only step (B) was repeated twice, it was confirmed that the charging and discharging efficiency was low, the DCIR value was high, and the cycle characteristics were not good.
- a monocell was manufactured using the positive active material prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples, and the volume change rate at high temperature was measured for each.
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing each of the positive electrode active materials prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples, a carbon black conductive material and a PVdF binder in an NMP solvent in a weight ratio of 97.5:1.0:1.5.
- the positive electrode slurry was applied to one surface of an aluminum current collector, dried at 130° C., and then rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- a negative electrode slurry prepared by mixing a negative active material, a conductive material, an additive, and a binder in which natural graphite and artificial graphite are mixed in 9:1 in a weight ratio of 95.6:1.0:2.3:1.1 in an NMP solvent is applied to one surface of a copper current collector, , dried, and then rolled to prepare a negative electrode.
- An electrode assembly was prepared by interposing a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode prepared above, and then laminated at 80° C. to properly adhere the electrode, and after welding the aluminum and nickel tabs, put it in an aluminum pouch and inject the electrolyte into the monocell was prepared.
- the electrolyte an electrolyte in which 0.7M of LiPF 6 was dissolved in an EC/EMC (3/7, vol%) organic solvent was used.
- the monocell prepared as described above was subjected to charging formation at 25° C. with a current of 0.1 C for 3 hours, then one side of the pouch was opened and vacuum degassed to perform re-sealing. Then, after repeating charging and discharging three times with a current of 0.33C, charging was performed with a current of 0.33C.
- the cathode and the separator were alternately stacked three each, placed in an aluminum pouch, and an electrolyte was injected to prepare a volumetric cell.
- an electrolyte an electrolyte in which 0.7M of LiPF 6 was dissolved in an EC/EMC (3/7, vol%) organic solvent was used. After storing the prepared cells in an oven at 60° C., they were taken out at weekly intervals and the volume change rate at room temperature was measured for 12 weeks, and the volume change rate compared to the initial volume of each cell is shown in FIG. 1 .
- Comparative Example 8 in which the amount of the second washing solution is less than 10 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the first washing solution, ions on the surface of the positive electrode active material are not sufficiently removed, and thus it can be seen that the volume change rate of the cell is large at high temperature.
- Comparative Example 9 in which the amount of the second washing solution is greater than 50 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the first washing solution, not only the ions on the surface of the positive electrode active material but also lithium ions present therein are removed, so the volume change rate of the cell at high temperature You can see this big one.
- step (B) in which step (B) was repeated twice without including step (C), it can be confirmed that there is the biggest problem in the cell volume change rate at high temperature.
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Abstract
Description
양극 활물질 100 중량부 대비 제1 수세 용액의 양 (중량부) |
양극 활물질 100 중량부 대비 제2 수세 용액의 양 (중량부) |
양극 활물질 100 중량부 대비 총 수세 용액의 양 (중량부) |
|
실시예 1 | 50 | 10 | 60 |
실시예 2 | 50 | 25 | 75 |
실시예 3 | 100 | 10 | 110 |
실시예 4 | 100 | 25 | 125 |
실시예 5 | 100 | 10 | 110 |
실시예 6 | 100 | 25 | 125 |
비교예 1 | - (1단계 수세) | 60 | |
비교예 3 | - (1단계 수세) | 75 | |
비교예 4 | - (1단계 수세) | 110 | |
비교예 5 | - (1단계 수세) | 125 | |
비교예 6 | - (1단계 수세) | 110 | |
비교예 7 | - (1단계 수세) | 125 | |
비교예 8 | 100 | 5 | 105 |
비교예 9 | 100 | 51 | 151 |
LiOH (중량%) |
Li2CO3
(중량%) |
BET 비표면적 (m2/g) |
|
실시예 1 | 0.425 | 0.275 | 1.4609 |
비교예 1 | 0.505 | 0.373 | 1.2338 |
실시예 2 | 0.255 | 0.239 | 1.6675 |
비교예 3 | 0.308 | 0.308 | 1.419 |
실시예 3 | 0.124 | 0.224 | 1.5534 |
비교예 4 | 0.167 | 0.255 | 1.4511 |
실시예 4 | 0.082 | 0.172 | 1.7257 |
비교예 5 | 0.131 | 0.229 | 1.5051 |
실시예 5 | 0.164 | 0.322 | 0.3304 |
비교예 6 | 0.224 | 0.335 | 0.5527 |
실시예 6 | 0.117 | 0.311 | 0.3971 |
비교예 7 | 0.205 | 0.313 | 0.6207 |
비교예 2 | 0.159 | 0.152 | 1.4201 |
비교예 8 | 0.156 | 0.196 | 1.4902 |
비교예 9 | 0.075 | 0.153 | 1.7281 |
충전 용량 (mAh/g) |
방전 용량 (mAh/g) |
충방전 효율 (%) |
DCIR (Ω) |
용량 유지율 (%, 30사이클) |
저항 증가율 (%, 30사이클) |
|
실시예 1 | 224.8 | 201.8 | 89.8 | 17.21 | 96.9 | 135 |
비교예 1 | 224.5 | 201.1 | 89.6 | 17.65 | 96.7 | 137 |
실시예 2 | 225.1 | 201.9 | 89.7 | 17.33 | 97.0 | 136 |
비교예 3 | 223.6 | 200.4 | 89 | 17.33 | 96 | 146 |
실시예 3 | 226.4 | 203.2 | 89.8 | 17.28 | 97.0 | 130 |
비교예 4 | 225.2 | 200.4 | 89.6 | 17.33 | 96.8 | 135 |
실시예 4 | 225.1 | 202.3 | 89.9 | 17.35 | 97.1 | 131 |
비교예 5 | 224.2 | 201.3 | 89.8 | 17.89 | 96.9 | 136 |
실시예 5 | 229.4 | 211.3 | 92.1 | 15.03 | 97.6 | 120 |
비교예 6 | 229.5 | 210 | 91.5 | 17.52 | 97.0 | 140 |
실시예 6 | 229.4 | 210.5 | 91.8 | 15.11 | 97.4 | 122 |
비교예 7 | 229.2 | 209.9 | 91.6 | 16.92 | 97.2 | 145 |
비교예 2 | 224.3 | 198.2 | 88.4 | 18.13 | 95.8 | 140 |
비교예 8 | 223.2 | 196.4 | 88.0 | 17.76 | 95.5 | 150 |
비교예 9 | 226.2 | 202.3 | 89.3 | 17.3 | 96 | 147 |
Claims (11)
- (A) 리튬 전이금속 산화물을 준비하는 단계;(B) 상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물과 제1 수세 용액을 혼합하여 상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물을 제1 수세한 후, 제1 여과하는 단계; 및(C) (B) 단계를 거친 리튬 전이금속 산화물을 수세 및 여과가 동시에 가능한 여과 장치를 이용하여 제2 수세 용액으로 제2 수세 및 제2 여과를 동시에 수행하는 단계;를 포함하고,상기 제2 수세 용액의 양은 상기 제1 수세 용액 100중량부 대비 10중량부 내지 50중량부인 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물은 리튬을 제외한 전체 금속 중 니켈을 70몰% 이상 함유하는 것인 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 조성을 가지는 것인 양극 활물질의 제조방법:[화학식 1]Li1+aNix1Coy1M1z1M2w1O2상기 화학식 1에서,0≤a≤0.3, 0.7≤x1<1.0, 0<y1≤0.3, 0<z1≤0.3, 0≤w1≤0.2, x1+y1+z1+w1=1이고,M1은 Mn 및 Al 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상이며,M2는 Zr, B, W, Mo, Cr, Nb, Mg, Hf, Ta, La, Ti, Sr, Ba, Ce, F, P, S 및 Y 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상이다.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 수세 용액의 양은 상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물 100중량부 대비 50중량부 내지 100중량부인 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제2 수세 용액의 양은 상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물 100중량부 대비 5중량부 내지 50중량부인 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 수세 용액의 양과 상기 제2 수세 용액의 양의 합은 상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물 100중량부 대비 55중량부 내지 150중량부인 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 수세는 5분 내지 30분 동안 수행되는 것인 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 수세는 5℃ 내지 30℃의 온도 하에서 수행되는 것인 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제2 수세는 5분 내지 30분 동안 수행되는 것인 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제2 수세는 5℃ 내지 30℃의 온도 하에서 수행되는 것인 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,(D) (C) 단계를 거친 상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물을 건조한 후, 건조된 리튬 전이금속 산화물에 코팅 원소 함유 원료 물질을 혼합하고 열처리하여 코팅층을 형성하는 단계;를 더 포함하는 양극 활물질의 제조방법.
Priority Applications (4)
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KR20220133813A (ko) | 2022-10-05 |
US20240182325A1 (en) | 2024-06-06 |
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